ELEMENTARY ENGLISH
2006.
UNIT 1
IN THE CLASSROOM OVERVIEW
Reading Language focus 1 Language focus 2 Exercising
In the classroom Personal Pronouns Present Tense of “to be”
READING
A
Mrs Cabot: Mrs Cabot:
Good afternoon. My name is Helen Cabot. And what is your name?
Ivan:
Ilic.
Mrs Cabot:
Pardon?
Ivan:
My name is Ivan Ili ć.
Mrs Cabot:
I am a teacher of English. And what are you?
Ivan:
I'm a student.
Mrs Cabot:
Yes, you are a student of English. And where are you from, Mr Ilic?
B
Ivan:
I'm from Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Mrs Cabot:
Thank you.
Ivan Ilic is a student of English. He is from Banja Luka. Who is this? It's his friend Milan Markovi ć. He's from Prijedor. Milan and Ivan are in London now. They are in the classroom. This is Helen Cabot. She is their teacher of English and she's from London.
C
Mrs Cabot:
Are you from Bosnia and Herzegovina, Mr Markovi ć?
Milan:
Yes, I am.
Mrs Cabot:
Are you from Banja Luka?
Milan:
No, I'm not. I'm from Prijedor.
Mrs Cabot:
Are you and Mr Ilić in Prijedor now?
Milan:
No, we aren't. We are in London.
UNIT 1 Language focus 1
Personal Pronouns I, you, he, she, it, we, they are personal pronouns .
Language focus 2
Present Tense of »to be« Positive Sentences I am He She It
Short Forms I'm
is in the classroom.
We You They
He's She's It's We're You're They're
are
Negative Sentences
in the classroom.
Short Forms
I
am not
I'm not
He She It
is not
He She isn't It
We You They
are not
from London.
from London.
We You aren't They Short Answers Positive Negative
Questions Am
I
Yes, you are.
No, you aren't.
Are
you
Yes, I am.
No, I'm not.
Is
Ivan he Mrs Cabot she it
Are
we you they
in the classroom?
he Yes, she is. it
No,
you Yes, we are. No, they
he she it
isn't.
you we aren't. they
UNIT 1
Greetings and Polite Phrases Good morning Good afternoon Good evening
Goodbye Please Than k you
Possessive Adjectives
This is
my your his her our your their
EXERCISING LISTENING
I.
friend.
classroom.
Change the sentences using the right form of »to be«
Example: She is in the classroom. I: I am in the classroom. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
they he Mrs Cabot thei r teac her she Ivan I
8. we 9. he 10. Milan 11. she 12. I 13. you 14. my frien d
II. Ask questions. Example: Are you in the classroom? he: Is he in the classroom? 8. she 1. we 9. Ivan 2. they 3. Milan 10. Mil an and Ivan 4. y our tea cher 11. Mrs Cab ot 5. you and your friend 12. y our fr ien d 6. hi s stu dent 13. I 7. you 14. he
UNIT 1
III.
Answer in the negative. Example: Mrs Cabot is a teacher. And Ivan? Ivan isn't a teacher.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. IV.
Ivan is from Banja Luka. And Milan? We are in the classroom. And Mrs Cabot? I am a teacher. And you? My friend is a teacher. And your friend? We are in Banja Luka. And Ivan and Milan? Banja Luka is in Bosnia and Herzegovina. And London? Mrs Cabot is from London. And you? Milan is from Prijedor. And Ivan? Ivan is a student of English. And Mrs. Cabot? Ivan and Milan are in London now. And you and your friend? Mrs Cabot is from London. And your teacher? You are my student. And Milan? Ivan is in London. And you? You are in Banja Luka. And Ivan and Milan? Ask and answer.
Example: classroom (we) Is this our classroom? Yes, it is. / No, it isn't. 1. book he 8. blackboard 2. pe n (you) 9. book 3. desk (she) 10. classroom 4. chair (I) 11. coat 5. te acher (we) 12. pen 6. classroom (you) 13. chair 7. coat (he) 14. blackboard HOME
V.
Questions a) 1. What is Mrs Cabot? 2. Is she from London? 3. What is Ivan? 4. Where is he from? 5. Is Milan from Banja Luka? 6. Are Milan and Ivan in-London now? b) 1. Are you a student of English? 2. Are you from London? 3. Where are you from? 4. Are you in the classroom now? 5. Is Milan Markovi ć your friend? 6. Are you a teacher of Englis h?
we (I) (they) (you) (she) (he) (they)
UNIT 1
VI.
Complete this. 1. We ................. in the classroom. 2. She ................ from London. 3. I ................ a student. 4. He ................ from Prijedor. 5. This .................my friend. 6. They ................. from Banja Luka.
VII. Use the right possessive adjective. 1. This is Mrs Cabot ................... name is Helen. 2. This is Mr Ilic .................... name is Ivan. 3. W e are in ............. ... classroom. 4. They are in ................. classroom. 5. I'm a student. ................. name is Milan. 6. Are you a stude nt? Is this ........ ....... book? VIII. Make questions. Example: Yes, it's my pen. Is this your pen? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. IX.
Yes, it is. It's my coat. She is a teacher of English. No, I'm not. It's my friend, Ivan Ilic. I'm in the classroom now. Yes, they are.
Answer this. Example: Where are you from? I'm from. Bosnia and Herzegovina. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Where Where Where Where Where Where
is Ivan from? are you from? are Ivan and Milan from? is your friend from? is Mrs Cabot from? are we from?
X.
Open Dialogue Teacher: What is your name? Student: ................................. Teacher: Where are you from? Student: ................................. Teacher: Are you a student of English? Student: ................................. Teacher: Thank you.
UNIT 2
IVAN’S ROOM OVERVIEW
Reading Language focus
Ivan’s room Numbers form 1 to 20 Plural of nouns Articles Adjectives
Exercising READING
A
B
LANGUAGE FOCUS
Mrs Cabot: Mrs Cabot Ivan: Mrs Cabot Ivan: Mrs Cabot Ivan: Mrs Cabot Ivan:
Where is your room, Ivan? It's at 10, Oxford Street. It's near our school. What is your room like? Is it big or small? It's small. Is it downstairs? No, it's upstairs on the left. How many rooms are there on your floor? There are five. They are all very nice.
Ivan's room is in a big house at 10, Oxford Street. It isn't downstairs, it's upstairs on the left. His room is small but very comfortable. There is a large window opposite the door. It is open now. There is a desk on the right. There are many books, two notebooks, a lamp and five pencils on the desk. There are two armchairs and a small table in the middle of the room. There is a box of matches on the table. Ivan's bed is near the door. There is a clock under the bed.
Numbers from 1 to 20 1 one 2 two 3 three 4 four 5 five 6 six 7 seven 8 eight 9 nine 10 ten
10 11 12 13 15 16 17 18 19 20
eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen twenty
UNIT 2
Plural of Nouns Singular She's
Plural
a teacher.
teachers. Izl
a door. It's
a a a a
He's It's
doors. Izl beds. Izl books. Isl
They are
bed. book. lamp. student.
lamps. Isl students. Isl They are
a atch. a box.
matches, /iz/ boxes, /iz/
Add -s or -es- to make the plural.
There is — There are a amp one bed two chairs many books
is There are
in Ivan's room.
lamps How many
are there?
There
chairs
is
one
(lamp).
are
two
(chairs).
Articles The Indefinite Article
The Definite Article
This is a window. He is a student. That is an armchair.
The window is open. The student is from Banja Luka. The armchair is comfortable. Plural of Articles
He is a student. The room is nice.
They are students. The rooms are nice.
Adjectives There is a small table in the room. There are five large rooms upstairs. The armchair is comfortable. Small, large, comfortable are adjectives.
UNIT 2 EXERCISING
I.
Answer this. Example: How many schools are there in this street? There are two. 1. How many students are there in our classroom? 2. H ow many teachers are there? 3. How many desks are there? 4. How many books are there? 5. How many coats are there? 6. How many pens are there? 7. How many blackboards are there? 8. How many chairs are there? 9. How many English books are ther e on your desk? 10. How many class rooms are there in our school? 11. How many classroom s are there on our floor? 12. How many pens are there on your desk? 13. How many rooms are there downstairs? 14. How many chairs are there on the left?
II.
Change the sentences using »there is« or »there are«. Example: There is a desk in the room. a chair: There is a chair in the room. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
III.
a bed two chairs a small table two windows a door many books three notebooks
8. an armchair 9. many boxes 10. four students 11. a large desk 12. five pens 13. a clock 14. two-lamps
Make sentences. Example: a bed / near the door There is a bed near the door. 1. many books / on my table 2. fourteen chairs / in our classroom 3. a lamp / on his desk 4. a door / in the room 5. many students / in the classroom 6. a small table / in the middle of the room 8. a large room / on the right 9. five rooms / upstairs 10. four rooms / downstairs 11. ten desks / in the classroom 12. two notebooks / on the desk 13. a clock / near the bed 14. many matches / in the box
UNIT 2
IV.
Make questions with »how many«. Example: students / the classroom How many students are there in the classroom? 1. doors / your room 2. chairs / the classroom 3. tables / her room 4. beds / his room 5. books / your desk 6. notebooks / their desks 7. lamps / the table 8. pens / h is desk 9. st udents / our classroom 10. windows / your room 11. rooms / upstairs 12. rooms / downstairs 13. pencils / my desk 14. armcha irs / Ivan's room
.
V. Look at the film and ask questions with »how many« and »where«. Example: a) How many lamps are there? Where is it? b) How many chairs are there? Where are they? HOME
VI.
Questions a) 1. Where is Ivan's room? 2. Is it near his schoo l? 3. What is i t like? 4. Is Ivan's room downstairs? 5. How many rooms are there on hi s floor? 6. What are they all like? b) Descri be your classro om.
VII. Put into the plural. Example: There is a book on the table. (3) There are three books on the table. 1. There is a lamp in the room. (4) 2. There is a notebook on the desk. (9) 3. There is a box under the table. (5) 4. There is a desk in the classroom. (12) 5. There is a small room upstairs. (7) 6. There is a student in the classroom. (14)
There is one (lamp). It's on the desk. There are six (chairs). They' re in the room.
UNIT 2
VIII. Make questions to the following answers. Example: There are five teachers in the classroom. How many teachers are there in the classroom? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. IX.
There are ninet een books on the desk. There are seventeen students in the classroom. There is one lamp on the desk. There are two windows in the room. There is one bed in the room. There are six chairs near the table.
Ask and answer. Example: books / the desk nice Are there many books on the desk? Yes, there are. Are they nice? Yes, they are.
.
X.
1. students / the classroom from Banja Luka 2. notebooks / the desks nice 3. lamps / the room small 4. rooms / upstairs large 5. chairs / the table comfortable 6. rooms / downstairs small Open Dialogue Teacher: ................................. ? lvo: It's at 10, Oxford Street. Teacher: ................................ ? lvo: Yes, it is. Teacher: ................................ ? lvo: No, it isn't. It's upstairs. Teacher: ................................ ? lvo: It's small but comfortable.
UNIT 3
THE JOHNSONS AND THE CABOTS OVERVIEW
Reading Language focus
Two families Present Tense of “have(got)” Irregular Plural of Nouns Possessive of Nouns
Exercising READING
A
B
The Johnsons and the Cabots are two English families. The Johnsons are the Cabots' friends. They are good friends. The Johnsons Mr William Johnson is a doctor and his wife Ann is a housewife. They have two children, a boy and a girl. The Johnsons' son Henry is 20 years old and he is a student at Oxford. Their daughter's name is Pat. She is eight years old and she is a schoolgirl. In front of Mrs Mr Cabot Ivan Mr Cabot Ivan Mr Cabot Ivan Mr Cabot Ivan Mr Cabot
LANGUAGE FOCUS
Ivan Mr Cabot
Cabot's classroom Hello. My name is John Cabot. I'm Helen Cabot's husband. How do you do? My name is Ivan Ilic. Whose student are you? I'm Mrs Cabot's student. Has Helen got many students? Oh, yes, she has. There are many young men and women in our class. Are you a teacher, too? No, I'm an architect. I've got an office in town. Is your house in London, too? We haven't got a house. We have a large and comfortable flat near Oxford Street. Come to dinner one evening, Ivan. Oh, thank you. Not at all.
Note: Observe the plural of nouns ending in »y«. This is a boy. There are three boys in the room. I've got a big family. There are six families on our floor.
Present Tense of »have (got)« Positive Sentences I You Pat and Henry They
Henry He Pat She The room It
Short Forms
have
has
a book, a pencil. (got) a lamp, a room.
I've You've They've He's She's
got
a a a a
book, pencil. lamp. room.
It's a window. a door.
a door.
UNIT 3
Negative Sentences I You have not (haven't)
We
a book.
They
a pencil, a lamp,
Henry got
He
a room.
Pat has not (hasn't)
She
a window. a
The room It
door.
Questions you Have
the Johnsons
a book?
they
a pencil? got
Henry Has
a lamp? a room?
he Pat she the room
a window?
it
a door?
Short Answers Positive I we they
Negative have. No
Yes Ye s, he she it
has.
I we they
haven't.
he she it
hasn't.
UNIT 3
Irregular Plural of Nouns Singular It's a child, /tRaild/ It's a woman, /'wum ?n/ It's a man. /mzn/
Plural They are children, /'t Rildr?n/ They are women, /'wimin/ They are men. /men/
Possessive of Nouns Possessive of nouns answers the question Whose? They are girls' rooms. This is Pat's room. Ann is Mr Johnson's wife. Henry is the Johnsons' son. They are children's books. The Johnsons are the Cabots' friends.
Nouns with Regular Plural Singular Plural
Nouns with Irregular Plural Singular Plural
boy
boys
child
children
boy's
boys'
child's
children's
Note: Add 's to all nouns (singular and plural) not ending in »s«. Add ' to all nouns (singular and plural) ending in »s«.
I. Make sentences using the right form of »have«. Example: the Johnsons / a daughter The Johnsons have a daughter. 1. Ivan / a nice room 2. the Cabots / many friends 3. Mr Johnson / a son 4. you / two notebooks 5. Pat / a nice coat 6. Henry / many books 7. we / a large classroom 8. the Johnsons / two children 9. I / five pencils 10. Ivan / two armchairs 11. the teacher / fifteen students 12. they / a big house 13. Milan / a good clock 14. I / a comfortable chair
UNIT 3
II.
Make questions using the right form of »have got«. Example: you / a large flat Have you got a large flat? 1. Henry / many friends 2. the students / a big classroom 3. Mrs Cabot / many students 4. you / a big family 5. the architect / a large office 6. the Johnsons / two children 7. the teacher / many books 8. Ivan / a nice room 9. you / a comfortable bed 10. Mrs Johnson / a young daughter 11. we /a good teacher 12. Milan / a pen 13. the children / many notebooks 14. you / a box of matches
III.
Ask and answer using »Whose«and the possessive of nouns. Example: teacher I Mrs Cabot Whose teacher is Mrs Cabot? She is Ivan's teacher. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
HOME
IV.
student / Milan husband / Mr Johnson children / Pat and Henry daughter / Pat friends / the Johnsons wife / Helen friend / Milan
8. son / Henry 9. student / Ivan 10. husband / Mr Cabot 11. friends / the Cabots 12. students / Ivan and Milan 13. wife / Mrs Johnson 14. friend / Mr Cabot
Questions a) 1. Who are the Johnsons and the Cabots? Cabots? 2. What is Mr William Johnson? 3. What is his wife? 4. How many children have they got? 5. Whose husband is Mr Cabot? 6. Whose friends are the Cabots?
b) 1. Have you got a family? 2. Have you got a flat? 3. Where is it? 4. What is your flat like? 5. Have you got many good friends? 6. Are they in London?
UNIT 3
V.
Answer the questions. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
VI.
Whose husband is Mr Johnson? Whose children are Pat and Henry? Whose wife is Mrs Cabot? Whose friends are the Johnsons? Whose student is Ivan? Whose house is in London?
Put in the right form of “have got” 1. Ivan .............. many books. 2. The Cabots ................ a large flat. 3. We ................ a comfortable classroom. 4. Pat ................. many good friends. 5 .................. you .................. a nice room? 6. Mr Cabot ................. a big office.
VII.
Change the sentences using the possessive of nouns. Example: The Johnsons have a big house. The Johnsons' house is big. 1. Ivan has a comfortable bed ....................................................... 2. The Cabots have a large flat.......................................................... 3. Pat has a small room................................................................... 4. This student has an old book....................................................... 5. The teacher has a big desk ........................................................... 6. The children have a nice room .................................................
VIII. Answer the questions and use »too«. Example: Is Ivan from Banja Luka? Yes, he is. Are you from Banja Luka? Yes, I'm from Banja Luka, too. 1. Is Milan a student? Are you a student? 2. Where is the blackboard? Where is the desk? 3. Is Mrs Cabot in the classroom? Is Milan in the classroom? 4. Is Ivan from Bosnia and Herzegovina? Are you from Bosnia and Herzegovina? 5. Are we in Banja Luka? Are they in Banja Luka?
UNIT 4
DINNER AT THE CABOTS’ OVERVIEW
Reading Language focus
Dinner at the Cabots’ Numbers Plural of Pronouns
Exercising
In the Cabots' flat, at 67, Mortimer Street READING
A
B
LANGUAGE FOCUS
Mr and Mrs Johnson are the Cabots' guests tonight. The two men, John and Bill, are in the living-room. John has a glass in his hand. It's full of sherry. The women are in the kitchen. There are many plates, knives, forks, spoons and cups on the kitchen table. Dinner is ready. Ivan is at the door. Ivan: Good evening, Mrs Cabot. Mrs Cabot: Good evening, Ivan. Come in, please. Mr Cabot: This is Ivan Ilic, a student of English from Bosnia and Herzegovina. These are our friends, the Johnsons. Ivan: How do you do? The Johnsons: How do you do? Mr Johnson: Sorry, what is your name ? Ivan: Ivan Ilic. I-L-I-C. Mr Cabot: Sit down, Ivan, and have a drink. Helen, where is that bottle of sherry? And those small glasses? Mrs Cabot: They are on the small table in the corner. And the bottle of sherry is Mr Cabot: there, too. But darling, there is only mineral water there. Oh dear, the bottle of sherry is still in the kitchen. I'm sorry. Mrs Cabot: Observe the plural of »knife« . There is a knife on the table. There are two knives on the table.
Numbers from 20 to 1,000,000 20 21 22 23 24
25 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
twenty twenty-one twenty-two twenty-three twenty-four twenty-five thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety
100 120 135 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1150 1,000,000
a/one hundred one hundred and twenty one hundred and thirty-five two hundred three hundred four hundred five hundred six hundred seven hundred eight hundred nine hundred a/one thousand one thousand one hundred and fifty a/one million
UNIT 4
Plural of Pronouns Singular This is That’s It’s
a house. a classroom. a door
What’s this? What’s that? Singular this that he she it
EXERCISING
I.
It’s
a window. a table.
Plural These are Those are They are What are these? What are those?
Plural these those they
Complete these sentences using the plural. Example: This house is big, and . .. and these houses are big, too. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
II.
This desk is small, and ... This pencil's on the desk, and . . . This door is big, and ... This room is small, and ... This bed is comfortable, and ... This chair is near the table, and ... This man's old, and ... This glass is small, and ... This spoon's on the table, and . .. This child's in bed, and ... This student is from Yugoslavia, and . . . This woman's in the kitchen, and ... This office is large, and ... This flat is comfortable, and ...
Complete these sentences using the plural. Example: That door is open, and ... and those doors are open, too. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
That woman's young, and ... That book is good, and ... That girl is in the street, and ... That' knife is on the table, and ... That window is open, and ... That child's small, and ...
houses. classrooms. doors. They’re
windows. tables.
UNIT 4
7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. III.
That That That That That That That That
room's on the left, and .. . woman's old, and .. . box is in the corner, and .. . plate's on the table, and . .. man's from London, and . . . armchair is comfortable, and . bottle is in the kitchen, and . bed is opposite the door, and
Questions a) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Where is the Cabots' flat? Whose guests are the Johnsons? Where are John and Bill? Are their wives in the living-room, too? What is there on the kitchen table? Is dinner ready?
b) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Where is your flat? How many rooms have you got? What is your living-room like? Is your kitchen big or small? What have you got in your kitchen? Have you got many cups and plates?
IV.
Spell your name.
V.
Put into the plural. Example: This bed is comfortable. These beds are comfortable. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
VI.
That house is very big. This woman is in the kitchen. That child is 12 years old. She is nice. He is a good student. This man is very old.
Put in the article where necessary. Example: There is .......... chair in ......... . corner. There is a chair in the corner. 1. Pat is ......... small girl. 2. There is ......... notebook on ......... desk. 3. ......... teacher is in .......... classroom. 4. Mr Cabot is .......... architect. 5. He has got ........ office in town. 6. .................... office is very big.
UNIT 5
IVAN AND HIS NEW FRIENDS Reading Language focus
OVERVIEW
Ivan’s new friends Present Tense of “can” Personal Pronouns – Objective Case Colours
Exercising In Oxford Street
READING
A
Ivan: Mr Johnson: Ivan: Mr Johnson: Ivan: Mr Johnson:
Ivan:
Mr Johnson: Ivan: Mr Johnson:
B
Good afternoon, Mr Johnson. Oh, hello, Ivan. How are you? Very well, thank you. Are your classes over for today? No, we have a short break at this time of the day. Good. You can come with me and meet my son Henry and his friends. They are in a little coffee bar here in Oxford Street. You can have a cup of coffee with us. Fine. I can come with you but I can't stay very long. I have another English class, you see. Is the coffee bar very far? No, it's quite near. Look! Can you see that big, yellow house on the corner? Yes, I can. Well, the coffee bar is just round the corner. You can be back at school in 5 minutes.
In the coffee bar Here are Ivan and his new friends. We can see them all in the coffee bar. The tall, good-looking young man in the middle is Henry Johnson. We can see him between two young girls. One is Jane and the other is Margaret. Margaret is Henry's girlfriend. Her hair is dark and long. She has got big brown eyes and beautiful white teeth. Jane is very pretty, too. Her hair is blond and short and her eyes are blue. Jane has got a nice red dress on. We can see her near Ivan. Mr Johnson is behind them at the bar. Observe the plurals of »tooth« and »foot«. It's a tooth. Pat's teeth are white. It's a foot. Pat's feet are small.
UNIT 5
Present Tense of »can« Positive and Negative Sentences I
come
here.
You Henry can Jane cannot We (can't) The students
stay see have be
there. his friends. a cup of coffee. back in 5 minutes. Short answers
Questions
Can
Positive
I
I
you
you
he
he
see Ivan Pat there?
Yes,
he can.
she
we
we
they
they
Negative I you No,
she
can't.
we they
Personal Pronouns — Objective Case a)
Before a verb
b)
After a verb or
c)
a preposition
I
he
she
it
we
you
they
me him
her
it
us
you
them
a) Before a verb
b) After a verb
He can see Pat. I can see Ivan's room. We can see the children.
He can see her. I can see it. We can see them.
a) After a preposition You can sit near us. I can sit with them. There are many books in front of him.
Colours is What colour are
your book? her dress? your pens? your desks?
It’s They’re
blue. red. brown. yellow. white.
UNIT 5 EXERCISING
I.
Ask and answer. Example: see Henry Can you see Henry? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
II.
III.
have a cup of coffee now open that bottle be back in 10 minutes come to dinner stay very long see that big house have a short break come to our house have another English class sit down see Ivan's friends come to Bosnia and Herzegovina have a glass of sherry open the window
Ask questions. Example: The guests are in the living-room. Can you see them? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.
HOME
Yes, I can. / No, I can't.
I'm near the house. Henry is in the coffee bar. The students are in the classroom. We are behind our school. There is a big house on the corner. We are in the middle of the street. There are two books on the desk. Mr Johnson is in his armchair. I'm near Jane. Pat is in the corner. We are on the left. There is a glass on the table.
Questions a)
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
b)
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Can Ivan have a cup of coffee with Mr Johnson? Where can they have a cup of coffee? Where is the coffee bar? Who can he meet there? Can Ivan stay very long? Can he be back in 5 minutes? What colour are your eyes? What colour is your pen? What colour are your teeth? What colour are your notebooks? What colour is your coat? What colour is your desk?
UNIT 5
IV.
Put the right word into these sentences. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
V.
You can see (I, me) in the living-room. There are two books in front of (he, him). We can see (her, she) in the corner. You can sit near (we, us). Pat can see (them, they). You can come with (us, we).
:
Finish these sentences. Example: I can see them, but ... I can see them, but they can't see me.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. VI.
She can see him, but ... They can see us, but . . . You can see me, but ... He can see you, but . . . I can see her, but ... We can see them, but
'
Complete these sentences. Example: There are two books on the desk. One is new, the other is old. 1. There are two rooms downstairs. One is ................. , the other is ............... 2. The Johnsons have two children. One is ................. , the other is................ 3. There are two girls in the coffee bar. One is ................... , the other is ............... 4. We can see two pencils on the table. One is ................., the other is .............. 5. Pat has two dresses. One is .................. , the other is................. 6. There are two armchairs near the table. One is ......................., the other is ..............
VII.
Write down three things you can see in the room and say where they are. Example: a chair I can see a chair. It is behind the desk.
UNIT 6
THE CABOTS AT WORK OVERVIEW
READING
A
Reading Language focus Exercising
The Cabots at work Simple Present Tense
Mr Cabot is an architect and has an office in town. He usually starts work at 9 o'clock and stops at 5. He sometimes stays in his office until 5.30 because he has many business appointments. People want to build new houses and they come to consult Mr Cabot. Mr Cabot's secretary is very, busy. She does all the office work. She also answers the telephone and often types business letters. She helps Mr Cabot in his work. She never goes home before 5.
B
In front of Mr Cabot's office, at a quarter to six Bill: John: Bill: John: Bill: John: Bill: John: Bill: John: Bill: John:
Hello, John. How are you? Oh, I'm rather tired. Why? Do you work very hard? Yes, I think I do. And how is Helen? Is she at home? No, she is at school. When does she work? She always works in the afternoon. She teaches foreign students. Yes, I know. Does she also teach children? No, she doesn't. Her students are all adults. Does she like her work? Yes, very much. She often talks about it.
WHAT TIME IS IT? (WHAT'S THE TIME?)
It's four o'clock.
It's ten (minutes) past four. It's four ten.
UNIT 6
It's a quarter past four. It's four fifteen.
It's half past four. It's four thirty.
It's twenty (minutes) to five. It's four forty.
It's a quarter to five. It's four forty-five.
60 minutes 30 minutes 15 minutes LANGUAGE FOCUS
one hour half an hour a quarter of an hour
Simple Present Tense Positive
Sentences
You We They
answer build work
the telephone. houses. here.
He She Helen
works types teaches
in an office. adults.
There is an — s or — es after he, she, it. (He builds /z/, works /s/, teaches /iz/) Negative I You We They Helen He
Sentences do not (don't) work here, does not (doesn't)
UNIT 6
Questions Do you I we they Does he she Short answers Positive I you Yes, we they he she
Yes,
answer work
the telephone? here?
work type
in an office?
Negative do.
No,
I you we they
does.
No,
he she
don't.
doesn't.
The Simple Present Tense tells you what people usually, often, never do. Note: Observe the answers to these questions. What does Mr Cabot do? What do you do?
He is an architect. I'm a doctor.
Position of always, often, usually, never (Adverbs of Indefinite Time) He We She He EXERCISING
I.
often usually always is
never
stays in town until 10. start work at 9. works in the afternoon. at home in the evening.
Adverbs of indefinite time come in front of main verb, But after TO BE.
Answer using the Simple Present Tense and »too«. Example: Mrs Cabot works hard. And Dr Johnson? Dr Johnson works hard too. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.
I teach adults. And Mrs Cabot? We start work at seven. And you? The teacher has many books. And the students? Dr Johnson likes sherry. And his wife? They stop work at 3 o'clock. And you? John often helps his wife in the kitchen. And you? Many people talk about their work. And Helen? I want to have a drink before dinner. And you? Ivan often consults his teacher. And the other students? Pat often stays at school until six. And your children? I often type lett ers. And you? John usually goes home at five. And the secretary?
UNIT 6
II.
Make questions. Example: the secretary I answer the telephone Does the secretary answer the telephone? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
III.
you / work in an office ' Mrs Cabot / teach foreign students John and Bill / talk about their work Helen / work in the afternoon the secretary / type business letters children / go to school Henry / know many young people you / do office work people / consult Mr Cabot you / have many business appointments Mr Cabot / start work at nine Mrs Cabot / stay at home in the afternoon the students / ask many questions you / like your work
Complete the sentences using
a) I/we don't b) he/she doesn't
Example: a) They work hard but ... They work hard but I/we don't.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. IV.
They They They They They They They They They They They They They They
b) They work hard but ... They work hard but he/she doesn't. work in a big office but ... have dinner at home but ... start work at 8 but ... teach adults but ... come home at 2 but ... have many appointments but ... type business letters but ... go home after work but... work hard but ... answer business letters but ... come home after 8 but ... often have a drink but ... build houses but ... often talk about business but ...
Answer the questions using “always”, “often” or “sometimes” in your answers. Example: Do you start work at 7? Yes, I always start work at 7. 1. 2. 3. 4.
Does the secretary type business letters? Do you type business letters? Does Mr Cabot work hard? Do you work hard?
UNIT 6
5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. V. HOME
Do you stay at home in the morning? Does Mr Cabot answer the telephone? Do you have dinner at home? Do you talk about your friends? Do you help your wife in the kitchen? Does Mr Cabot stop work at 5? Do you stay in your office until 5? Does Mrs Cabot work in the afternoon? Do you work in the afternoon? Do you have a drink before dinner?
Questions a) 1. What does Mr Cabot do? 2. Where does he work? 3. What time does he start work? 4. Why do people come to his office? 5. When does he stop work? 6. What does Mr Cabot's secretary do? 7. Does Mrs Cabot work in an office? 8. Who does she teach? b)
VI.
1. Where do you work? 2. When do you start work? 3. Are you very busy in your office? 4. Do you stay in your office until 5 o'clock? 5. What do you do in your office? 6. What time do you stop work? Make questions to these answers. Example: Mrs Johnson works at home. (Where) Where does Mrs Johnson work? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Mr Cabot works in an office. (Where) He usually starts work at 9. (When) His secretary often types business letters. (What) He sometimes goes home at 5.30. (What time) Mr Cabot's wife teaches adults. (Who) She always comes home about 6.45. (When)
VII. Write about Mr Cabot. Mr Cabot / an architect // always / at 9 // very busy / many people / want / build houses // he / a secretary // she / business letters // often / until 5.30 // VIII. Practice Text Dr Johnson is a doctor. He works in a large hospital. He works very hard. He starts work at 9 o'clock in the morning. He stops work at 5. Ask questions about Dr Johnson using WHAT, WHERE, HOW, WHAT TIME, WHEN.
UNIT 6
THE JOHNSONS AT HOME Reading Language focus Exercising
OVERVIEW
The Johnsons at home Present Continuous Tense
READING
A
The Johnsons live in London. They are all very busy during the week. Bill works at his hospital and Pat goes to school. On Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday they leave at 8.30 a.m., but they stay at home on Saturdays and Sundays. Ann stays at home every morning and cleans the house. She opens the windows and makes the beds. After that she cooks dinner. Bill comes home at about 6. p.m. every day and then they have dinner together. After dinner Bill and Pat go into the kitchen and help Mrs Johnson wash the dishes. They are usually at home in the evening and watch TV in the living-room.
B
Tonight Pat and Mrs Johnson are very busy. They are sitting in the living-room. Pat is doing her homework and Mrs Johnson is writing a letter to Henry. Only Mr Johnson is not busy. He is sitting near the fire and watching an interesting programme on TV.
C
The telephone is ringing. Henr : Hallo Mother. How are ou? Mrs Johnson: Hallo, Henry! I can't hear you very well. How are you? Henry: Fine, thank you. Can you hear me now? Mrs Johnson: Yes, it's all right now. Henry: What are you all doing? Mrs Johnson: Well, Pat is doing her homework and I'm just writing a letter to you. Father is watching TV. You know he always does that in the evening. Henry: Mother, I'm coming home for the weekend. Mrs Johnson: I'm so glad. Do you want to speak to Father? He's just coming. See you tomorrow then. Bye-bye.
Days of the Week: MONDAY, TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY, THURSDAY, FRIDAY, SATURDAY, SUNDAY
UNIT 7
LANGUAGE FOCUS
Present Continuous Tense Positive
Sentences
I
am
Henry
writing a letter
He
is
watching TV
Pat She You
now.
We The
are
working hard
boys They Negative
Sentences
I
am not (‘m not) is hot (isn't)
He She We You They
are not (aren't)
working sitting now. writing
Questions Am
I
Is
Henry he Pat she
Are
you we they
working now? watching TV
Short answers Positive
Yes,
Negative ou he she I we you they
are. is. am. are.
No,
ou he she I we you they
aren't. isn't. 'm not. aren't.
UNIT 7
Present Continuous Tense = Present of “to be” + the “-ing form” Observe how we make the »-ing forms«. watch -ing = watching sit -ing = sitting write -ing = writing The Present Continuous Tense tells us what people are doing just now. Note: Observe the use of the Present Continuous Tense for the future. Henry is coming home for the weekend. John isn't going to his office tomorrow. EXERCISING
I.
Use the Present Continuous Tense. Example: She is in the classroom now. (teach) She is teaching. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
II.
He is in his office now. (work) They are in the living-room now. (watch TV) We are in the classroom now. (do exercises) Ann is in the kitchen now. (cook dinner) You are in the room now. (sit) I am at my desk now. (write) Pat is in her room now. (do homework) We are in the coffee bar now. (have coffee) Helen is at home now. (clean the flat) We are in the kitchen now. (wash the dishes) The secretary is in the office now. (type letters) I am near the window now. (open the window) They are at school now. (read) John is in Oxford Street now. (go home)
Make questions using »too« and give short answers. Example: I'm going to school, (you) Are you going to school, too? Yes, I am. I No, I'm not. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
She is washing the dishes. (Pat) Bill is watching TV. (the children) I'm working, (you) Mr Cabot is going to his office, (you) She is sitting, (they) Pat is doing homework. (Kate) Pat is helping Mrs Johnson now. (Henry) Ann is writing a letter, (her husband) John's having a drink, (you) The secretary is typing a letter. (Mr Cabot) Henry is coming home, (his father) The Johnsons are leaving, (their friends) Ann is cleaning the house. (Helen) Bill is opening the window, (you)
UNIT 7
III.
Ask questions in the Simple Present Tense using “often”. Example: Ann's going to Paris. Does she often go to Paris? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
HOME
IV.
She is teaching foreign students. Bill is washing the dishes now. They are going to London. She is just answering the telephone. The children are watching TV. Father is sitting in the armchair. The telephone is ringing now. Pat is helping her mother now. Ann is cleaning the house now. Henry is coming home for the weekend. The students are speaking English now. Mr Cabot is working hard. Ann is making a big dinner. The students are doing exercises now.
Questions a) 1. What does Mrs Johnson usually do in the morning? 2. Where does Mr Johnson work? 3. What do they often do in the evening? 4. What are Pat and Mrs Johnson doing now? 5. What is Mr Johnson watching on TV? 6. Who is coming home for the weekend? b) 1. What time do you usually have dinner? 2. Who washes the dishes at your house? 3. What do you usually do in the evening? 4. Do you often watch TV? 5. Are you watching TV now? 6. What are you doing now?
V.
Write these sentences in the right tense (Simple Present or Present Continuous). 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Pat always (do homework) in the afternoon. She (speak) on the telephone now. The Cabots just (come) home. Bill usually (watch) TV in the evening. The secretary (type) a business letter People often (consult) Mr Cabot
UNIT 7
VI.
Make sentences telling us what these people usually do and what they are doing now. Example: John /always / the office / 9 o'clock / 9 o'clock now / ........... John always comes to the office at 9 o'clock. It's 9 o'clock now. He is coming to the office. 1. Pat / usually / school / 8.30 // 8.30 now / ........................ 2. My husband / often / TV / 7.30 p.m. // 7.30 p.m. now /................. 3. The Johnsons / usually / dinner / 6 o'clock // 6 o'clock now / ....................................... 4. The secretary / always / business letters / in the morning // 11 o'clock a.m. now / ....... ............................... 5. We / often / a drink / 5 p.m. // 5 p.m. now / ........................... 6. My father / usually / home / 6 o'clock / 6 o'clock now / ................
VII. Read this and answer the questions. Mr Johnson is a doctor. He works in a big hospital. Many people come to consult him. Just now he is in front of the TV. There is a glass of sherry in his hand. 1. 2. 3. 4.
What does Mr Johnson do? Where does he work? Is he working now? What is he doing now?
UNIT 8
SUNDAY AT THE JOHNSONS’ Reading Language focus
OVERVIEW
Sunday at the Johnsons’ Questions with Question Words Prepositions
Exercising READING
A
On Sundays the Johnsons usually sleep late. They don't get up before 9. They wash or take a shower in the bathroom. Then they have breakfast together. They usually eat bread and butter, or toast, fried eggs and bacon, and drink tea or coffee. Pat sometimes has a piece of cake, too. Henry often comes home from Oxford and spends the weekend with his family. After breakfast Henry washes their car. Mr Johnson and Pat go for a walk while Mrs Johnson stays at home and cooks dinner. She always makes a big cake on Sundays. About 1 p.m. they are all hungry and thirsty and have dinner.
B
Today is Sunday. It is 9.30 in the morning. Mr Johnson is already up and is dressing but Henry is still in bed. Mrs Johnson is making tea in the kitchen while Pat is brushing her teeth in the bathroom.
C
It is 8.30 in the evening. Henry is putting on his grey suit, a white shirt and his new shoes. He is going out. Pat is too young to go out. She is going to bed. Her parents are in, too. Mr Johnson is smoking a cigarette and listening to the news on the radio. His wife is reading a newspaper.
LANGUAGE FOCUS
Questions with Question Words What, who, whose, which, where, when, what t ime, why, how are question words. Mr Cabot's secretary writes many letters at the office every morning. What What Where does When How many letters
do write write Mr Cabot's secretary write write
every morning? every morning? letters? letters? at the office every morning?
Who Whose secretary
many letters every morning?
writes
UNIT 8
When a question word is the subject of the question there is no question form of the verb.
Prepositions In, on, at, under, in front of, behind, between, near, before, after, until are prepositions. Observe the questions with prepositions at the end: Ivan's clock is under the bed. What is Ivan's clock under? The boys are behind the girls. Who are the boys behind? He is sitting near the fire. What's he sitting near? He is listening to the news. What is he listening to? Milan is from Prijedor. Where is he from? I.
Answer using the Present Continuous Tense. Example: Do you often work hard? No, I don't, but I'm working hard now.
EXERCISING
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. II.
Do the Cabots often have guests? Does Henry come home every weekend? Do you often answer questions? Does Pat always help her mother? Do the children clean their shoes every day? Do you often talk to your teacher? Do the students always work hard? Does Henry go out every night? Do Bill and John often have a drink? Do we sit in the classroom all the time? Does Henry wash the car every Sunday? Do you speak English every day? Does Mrs Cabot teach every afternoon? Do the Johnsons stay at home every evening?
Ask questions with the preposition at the end. Example: He isn't looking at the blackboard. What is he looking at? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
He isn't talking about his work. The book isn't on the table. He isn't looking at Margaret. She isn't sitting near me. He doesn't come from London. He isn't putting on his suit. He never goes out with his family. They aren't listening to the news. His bed isn't near the window. She isn't talking to her son. He isn't thinking about his work. He isn't coming with his wife. They aren't from Bosnia and Herzegovina. She isn't listening to Unit 8.
UNIT 8
III.
Group work
a) Ask your friend four questions about what he/she usually does on Sundays, using WHEN, WHERE, WHO, WHAT, WHY, HOW LONG, and b) tell the class about it. IV.
Pair Work Ask your friend six questions to fill in this form. Use the question words WHAT, WHERE, HOW OLD. 1. First name(s)
.....................................................
2. Family name
.....................................................
3. Nationality
..........................................................
4. Address.................................................................... 5. Occupation 6. Age HOME
V.
VI.
.........................................................
......................................................................
Questions a)
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
When do the Johnsons get up on Sundays? What do they usually have for breakfast ? Who often comes home for the weekend? Where do Mr Johnson and Pat go after breakfast? Where is Henry going this Sunday evening? Why isn't Pat going out?
b)
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
What time do you get up on Sundays? ; What do you usually do after breakfast ? Who usually cooks for you? ' Do you sometimes watch TV on Sunday evening? Where are you going after your English class today? What do you usually do after your English class?
Make questions with the question words in brackets and pre positions. Example: I often write to my friend. (Who) Who do you often write to? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
I want to speak to Mr Cabot. (Who) I am just putting on my shoes. (What) I always listen to 7 o'clock news. (What) I'm from Bosnia and Herzegovina. (Where) I want to talk to Mr Ilic. (Who) My book is under the desk. (What) The matches are in the box. (What) I'm looking at your homework. (What)
'
UNIT 8
VII.
What? Who?
Where? When?
A friend is talking to you on the telephone but you can't hear him/her well. Example: Henry is coming home on Sunday................................. ? Who is coming home on Sunday? 1. Mary is leaving...................................... ? 2. She is going to Paris .................................... ? 3. She is leaving on Sunday.............. : ...................... ? 4. She sometimes goes there for the weekend .............................. ? 5. Jane often goes with her ....................................? 6. I am going with her to Paris, too........................................?
VIII. Complete these sentences using “too” before the adjective. Example: I can't put on these shoes because ... (old) I can't put on these shoes because they are too old. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
IX.
Pat doesn't go out in the evening because . . . This room isn't comfortable because ... We can't do this exercise now because ... She can't clean all the house because . . . I can't do it just now because .... His father doesn't work because ...
(young) (small) (late) (big) (tired) (old)
Use the right preposition. Dear John, I can't write ........... you very often because I am very busy here ............. London. I get up ............ 7.30 ....................... the morning. Then I go ............ my English classes. I have got a nice room. It is ........ ... ..... 10, Oxford Street, .............. my school. I often listen the news before I go ............... bed. ................ Sundays I usually go out ................ Ivan and his .................... English friends. Milan
UNIT 9
GOING TO HYDE PARK Reading Language focus
OVERVIEW
Going to Hyde Park Must – Needn’t – Mustn’t Imperative
Exercising READING
A B
C
LANGUAGE FOCUS
London is a big city. There are many large and beautiful parks in it. Hyde Park is one of them. Many people go there on Saturdays and Sundays and spend the whole afternoon in »the park. They walk there, play games or just sit on the grass. It's a beautiful Sunday morning. Pat wants to go to Hyde Park with her mother. Mrs Johnson can't go for a walk with Pat because she must cook Sunday dinner. Pat's brother Henry needn't wash the car this weekend but he doesn't want to go out with his sister because he must look after her all the time. Pat is a little girl, she mustn't run about too much, she mustn't sit on the grass too long ... Besides, Henry wants to go out with Margaret today. Mr Johnson is coming into the kitchen. Pat: It's a beautiful day today. Let's go to Hyde Park, Father. Mr Johnson: Why not? It's a very good idea, Pat. Is Henry coming, too? Pat: No, he is not. He doesn't want to go for a walk with me. He's meeting Margaret. Henry: Now, don't be silly, Pat. Pat: It's true. Must he go out with her every Sunday? Mrs Johnson: Stop talking, Pat, and get ready. Put on your coat and your black shoes. And don't sit on the grass too long. Pat: Oh, mother, stop it, please. I'm not a baby. Mr Johnson: All right, all right. Are you ready, Pat? I'm waiting for you. Come on. Mrs Johnson: Bye-bye. Bill, don't forget to shut the door. And don't lose the key.
Must — Needn't — Mustn't Positive Sentences I, you Pat, we They
must
go now.
Questions Must
Can
I, you Pat, we they I, you Henry, we they
go now?
smoke here?
Short answers I, you Yes, she, we they I, you No, she, we they I, you No, he, we they
must.
needn’t.
mustn’t.
UNIT 9
Imperative Positive Form Negative form Look after Pat, Henry. Open the door, please.
Let
me Pat her him us them
Don’t
come in.
Don’t
sit go
let
on my grass. home, Pat. me Pat John him us them
sit down.
Note 1: Observe the use of the Imperative and Must. Shut the door. shut the door. You must Get ready now. get ready now. Don't lose the key. Don't be late.
You mustn’t
lose the key. be late.
Note 2: Observe the use of »-let's« for suggestions. Let's go for a walk. Let's have a drink. EXERCISING
I.
Answer this. Use “must” or “needn't”. Example: Must you go to your office now?
Yes, I must. No, I needn't.
1. Must you see the doctor today? 2. Must the students do their homework now? 3. Must Henry go to Oxford tonight? 4. Must she wash the dishes now? 5. Must I type that letter now? 6. Must Pat help her mother now? 7. Must we go to school today? 8. Must you meet the Cabots now? 9. Must Mrs Johnson make a cake now? 10. Must we write a dictation now? 11. Must you go to Karlovac today? 12. Must Ivan do this exercise now? 13. Must Henry wash the car this weekend? 14. Must she open that bottle now? II.
Ask and answer. Use “can” in questions and “mustn't” in answers, Example: we I smoke here Can we smoke here? 1. Pat / sit on the grass too long 2. I / smoke in the lab
No, you mustn't.
UNIT 9
3. Ivan / be late to school 4. small children / go to bed very late 5. Pat / run about too much 6. you / sleep at work 7. the secretary / leave at 11 8. little babies / drink sherry 9. children / play with matches 10. Bill / leave the door open 11. Mary / come to work at 10.30 12. Pat / watch TV late at night 13. Henry / smoke too much 14. children / play with fire III.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
IV.
Make sentences using the imperatives. Example: your books Open your books. the door 8. your homework 9. the window 10. to the park 11. home 12. a drink 13. for a walk 14.
the dishes a letter to your friend down on this chair the telephone, please these letters the car your notebooks
Tell these people what to do and what not to do. Example: Pat must put on her shoes. Put on your shoes, Pat. Pat mustn't sit on the grass. Don't sit on the grass, Pat. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
Bill must shut the door. Pat mustn't run about too much. You mustn't be late to school tomor row. Henry must look after Pat. John mustn't smoke too much. Pat must stop talking. Bill mustn't lose the key. You must go to school now. Helen mustn't work too much. Milan mustn't do his homework now. Ann must get ready now. Henry mustn' t leave the door open. Pat must eat her dinn er. Mary mustn't play with fire.
UNIT 9
V.
Suggest what to do using “let's”. Example: There is a good programme on TV. Let's watch it.
1. We are hun r . 2. We are thirsty. 3. It's very late. 4. It's a beautiful day today. 5. The door is open. 6. We are tired. T. This is a very good book. 8. They are waiting for us. 9. The window is open. 10. The glasses are not very clean. 11. The cake is on the table. 12. This is a nice park. 13. The cigarettes are on the table. 14. The tea is ready. VI.
Questions a)
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Where is Hyde Park? What do many people do there? Who is going to Hyde Park today? Why can't Mrs Johnson go out? Must Henry wash the car this weekend? What mustn't Pat do in the park?
b)
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Must you work this Saturday? What do you usually do on Saturday afternoons? Where do you like to go for a walk? Are there many parks in this town? Which park do you sometimes go to? Why do people go to the park?
VII.
Change these sentences using the imperative. Example: He wants to go home. Let him go home. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
I want to watch television. They want to consult Mr Cabot. We want to go for a walk . The secret ary wants to type that lette r. He wants to have a drink. She wants to come and see us. Mr Johnson wants to read the newspaper.
UNIT 10
IN THE STREET Reading Language focus
OVERVIEW
In the street Ordinal Numbers Have to, Should Defective Verbs
Exercising READING
A
Ivan is on his way to the Johnsons. A policeman is standing on the corner and Ivan asks him the way to Victoria Street. Ivan: Policeman: Ivan: Policeman: Ivan: Policeman:
Ivan: Policeman: Ivan:
B
Excuse me, please. Can you tell me the way to Victoria Street? I can't find it on this map. Well, walk down this road and turn left at the second corner. Then walk to the river and ... The river? Yes. When you come to it, there is a bridge. You must cross it. Is it very far? It is rather far. Perhaps you should take a bus. There is a bus stop just round the corner. You have to take a 93. Sorry, which bus do I have to take? A ninety-three. Thank you very much.
On the bus Is this the right bus to Victoria Street? Yes. How much is the fare? 50 p. (taking the money out of his pocket): Here you are. Where should I get off? Bus conductor: At the third stop after this one. Ivan: Many thanks.
Ivan : Bus conductor: Ivan: Bus conductor: Ivan:
C
In the street Ivan: Passer-by:
Ivan: Passer-by: Ivan:
Excuse me, is this Victoria Street? No, but it isn't very far from here. Turn left at the traffic lights and then go straight on. You can't miss it. Should I cross here? No, you needn't. Just walk down this street. Fine. My friends are expecting me at 6.30 and I shouldn't be late.
UNIT 10
LANGUAGE FOCUS
Ordinal Numbers 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th 13th 14th 15th
the the the the the the the the the the the the the the the
16th the sixteenth 17th the seventeenth 18th the eighteenth 19th the nineteenth 20th the twentieth 21st the twenty-first 22 nd the twenty-second 30th the thirtieth 40th the fortieth 50 th the fiftieth 60 th the sixtieth 70th the seventieth 80 th the eightieth 90 th the ninetieth 100 th the hundredth 1000 the thousandth
first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth eleventh twelfth thirteenth fourteenth fifteenth
Have to, Should Positive Sentences
Negative sentences
You have to do your homework. You should do your homework.
You don't have to do your homework. You needn't do your homework. You shouldn't sit on the grass.
Defective Verbs Must and Should Positive Sentences I, you must Pat, we should They
Questions go
Negative Sentences I, you need not He, Pat (needn’t) They, we
go
now.
Must Should
now.
I, you Pat, he We, they
I, you Henry, we, they
shouldn’t mustn’t
go
now.
be late.
Note 1: Can, must, should, needn't are defective verbs. Use the infinitive without »to« after these verbs. Note 2: Observe the question form and the negative form of »have to«. Do you have to work on Sundays? I don't have to work on Sundays. One — Ones Singular: I want a small house and my wife wants a big one. Plural: There are five houses in my street, two big ones and three small ones.
UNIT 10
EXERCISING
I.
Say what you or other people should do. Example: Pat I her homework Pat should do her homework. 1. Mrs Johnson / the dishes 2. the secretary / those letters 3. you / this exercise 4. Helen / her doctor 5. Ivan / the bridge 6. Pat / a big breakfast 7. Mr Johnson / his hospital 8. Henry / his sister 9. you / the newspaper 10. the children / their shoes 11. Pat / her coat 12. we /the news 13. Ann / Sunday dinner 14. Ivan / a bus
II.
Say what you or other people shouldn't do. Example: The students often smoke in the classroom. They shouldn't smoke in the classroom. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
III.
Pat sometimes goes to bed late. Two small children are crossing that busy road. I smoke too many cigarettes. Pat is playing with matches. The teacher gives the students too much homework to do. You are often late for your English class. Mr Cabot works too much. Jane sometimes stays in bed until eleven. The children are sitting on the grass. Henry wants to go out every night. I sometimes drink too much coffee in the evening. You eat too much bread. Those students are sleeping in the lab. She is talking all the time.
Make questions using »have to«. Example: Clean your shoes. Do I have to clean them? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Let's go home. Put on your coat. Let Pat wash the dishes. Cross the road at the traffic lights. Let the students ask questions. Let the secretary type that letter.
UNIT 10
7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. IV.
Give me your homework. Let's go to the park. Let Pat eat that cake. Watch that programme. Let them do that exercise. Answer the telephone. Let's go for a walk. Wash those small glasses.
Say what you or other people have or don't have to do. Example: Pat I do her homework every day. Pat has to do her homework every day. you I work 10 hours a day 1 don't have to work 10 hours a day. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
V.
Helen / work in the afternoon you / get up at six every day small children / go to bed at eight I / work on Saturdays he / wash his car every day parents / look after their children I / stay here until 11 p.m. Pat / go to school every day you / wash your hands before dinner housewives / go to work in the morning Henry / help his mother in the kitchen students / speak English at school you / consult your doctor every week people / eat every day
Questions a) 1. Where is Ivan going? 2. Who can tell him the way to Victoria Street? 3. Which bus should he take? 4. How much is the fare to Victoria Street? 5. Where must he get off? 6. Can he get to Victoria Street in 20 minutes? b) 1. Which is the second day of the week? 2. Which is the fifth day of the week? 3. Which is the seventh day of the week? 4. Whkh is the first day of the week? 5. Which is the fourth day of the week? 6. How many days are there in a week?
VI. Answer these questions. Example: Do you have to go to school every day? No, I don't but I have to go there today.
UNIT 10
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. VII.
Do you have to work hard every day? Does Bill have to go to his hospital every day? Do the students have to do exercises every day? Does the secretary have to work until six every day? Do you have to do homework every day? Does Henry have to look after Pat every day?
Tell me what I should do. Example: This is a very interesting book. You should read it. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
It's seven o'clock already. I'm very tired. We have guests tonight. I'm very thirsty. The telephone is ringing. Dinner is ready.
VIII. Change these sentences using »have to«. Example: You should work hard. You have to work hard. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. IX.
He must get ready now. Henry should write to his mother. They must do homework every day. You should take a bus. Henry should look after Pat. We must go home now.
Put in “must”, “needn't”, “mustn't”, “should”, “can”, “can't”. (Ivan is going to the Johnsons) Ivan ....... get ready now. He ........... be late. He .......... walk all the way, because it's too far. He ............ take a bus. He ........... get off at the third stop. He .......... walk from there because it's very near. He .............. take another bus.
X.
Complete these sentences using »one« or »ones«. Example: Pat has a new dress and two old ............... Pat has a new dress and two old ones. 1. There are three houses there, a big ......... and two small .......... 2. Should I get off at the next stop? No, get off at the second .......... 3. I can see a yellow dress and five white ............... 4. They have got 3 rooms, a large ........... and two small........... 5. Which shoes do you want? Give me those black ................ 6. Which is your classroom? The third ............. on the left.
UNIT 11
IVAN VISITS THE JOHNSONS Reading Language focus
OVERVIEW
Ivan visits the Johnsons Comparative of Adjectives As ... As
Exercising Ivan: Mrs Johnson: Ivan: Mrs Johnson: Ivan: Mrs Johnson: Ivan:
READING
A
Mrs Johnson:
Good afternoon, Mrs Johnson. Hello, Ivan. Do come in. Sorry I'm late. It's all right. Is it still raining? Yes. The weather is bad and it's very cold. Is it as cold as yesterday? -4 Oh, it's even colder than yesterday. But it's nice and warm in here. Take off your coat and let's have tea. After that we can show you the house.
B
Johnsons have got a pleasant family house. It is rather small but very comfortable. There are three rooms on the ground floor and four upstairs. When you enter the house there is a small hall. The kitchen and the dining room are on the left and the living--room is on the right. Their kitchen is small but very modern. The dining room is larger than the kitchen and more comfortable. Their living-room is the largest and the most comfortable room in the house. Through the window you can see their garden with many flowers and three apple trees in it. Their garage is there, too. There are three bedrooms and a bathroom on the first floor. Pat's bedroom is as big as Henry's but their parents' room is much bigger. The bathroom is the smallest room in the house.
C
Mrs Johnson and Pat are showing Ivan the house. Mrs Johnson: And this is Henry's room. It is rather small, isn't it? Pat: And rather dirty and untidy. Look! His bag is open and his letters, his pictures and his writing paper are all over the floor again. (In Pat's room) And this is my room, Ivan. It is tidier than Henry's, isn't it? And more comfortable, too. I don't leave my things on the floor, do I, Mummy? Mrs Johnson: Of course not. You are the tidiest little girl I know. What's the weather like?
It
is isn't
raining cold fine warm a fine day
today.
Note: Observe the use of »it« when we speak about the weather.
UNIT 11
LANGUAGE FOCUS
Comparison of Adjectives Oxford is a large town. Birmingham is larger (than Oxford). London is the largest town in England. Comparative: ---------- (e)r
Superlative:
The -------- (e)st
This chair is comfortable. The armchair is more comfortable (than the chair). Pat's bed is the most comfortable (of all). Comparative: more ---------Superlative:
the most --------
Use »the« with all superlatives. Note: Observe the comparative and superlative of these adjectives: big — bigger — the biggest busy — busier — the busiest
As ... As Ivan is as tall as Henry. (He's not taller than Henry) Pat's room is as small as Henry's. (It is not smaller than Henry's room) We use was “as ... as” when two persons or things are not different. Note: Observe the use of “do” and “does” in these sentences. Can I come in? John works very hard.
Of course, do come in. Yes, he does work hard.
Question — Tags
EXERCISING
A)
Expecting answer »yes« This is a nice room, isn't it? There are two rooms, aren't there? We can go now, can't we? He starts work at 9, doesn't he?
B)
Expecting answer »no« The Cabots aren't at home, are they? We shouldn't smoke so much, should we? They don't work on Sundays, do they? We haven't got much time, have we?
I.
Comparative practice Example: This room is very big. Yes , but that one is bigger. 1. This park is very large. 2. This girl is very pretty.
UNIT 11
3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. II.
This chair is very comfortable. This bathroom is untidy. This drink is very cold. This room is very small. This woman is very nice. This desk is very tidy. This flat is very comfortable. This house is very big. This man is very old. This flower is beautiful. This coat is very warm. This woman is young.
Superlative Practice Example: This table is very small. Yes. This is the smallest table. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
III.
This house is very large. This picture is very pretty. This town is beautiful. This car is very big. This man is very busy. This armchair is very comfortable. This street is very long. This park is very nice. This classroom is very big. This room is very tidy. This garden is very nice. This dress is beautiful. This school is large. This book is interesting.
Question-tag Practice Example: He is English. He is English, isn't he? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
He always comes on time. We are very busy. It's very cold in here. Many people consult Mr Cabot. They have got a comfortable house. The students must do their homework. Helen is working hard. Pat often helps her mother. The secretary can type well. They often watch TV.
UNIT 11
11. We can go now. 12. The Cabots are nice people. 13. Their garden is beautiful. 14. We should cross here. IV.
Question-tag Practice Example: They never go for a walk. No, they don't, do they? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
HOME
V.
We don't want it. He isn't English. They can't wash the dishes now. Henry isn't very tidy. Pat shouldn't sit on the grass. The students aren't going to the lab now. Ivan mustn't be late. There aren't many people in the lab. They don't live very far. She doesn't watch TV every day. We haven't got much homework to do. They never go to work on Saturdays. He doesn't work on Sundays. They don't like this programme.
Questions 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Where is the Johnsons' house? What is it like? How many rooms have they got on the ground floor? Which is the most comfor table room in the hou se? Which is the smallest room in their house? Is Pat' s bedro om bigge r than Henr y's? .,.. 1
,
VI. a) You are reading about this house in the newspapers. Ask as many questions as you can to get more details about it.
Use »Where? What . . . like? How many?«, etc. »WembIey. Small house near shops and buses. Hall, large living-room, modern kitchen/breakfast room, two big bedrooms, bathroom, central heating, garden at the back«. b) Write 5 to 10 true sentences about the place where you live.
UNIT 11
VII. Put in the right form. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Henry is (old) than Pat. This is a very (busy) street. These flowers are (beautiful) than those. London is (big) than Banja Luka. The living-room is (comfortable) room in their house. Today is (cold) day this week.
VIII. Answer these questions using »as ... as«. Example: Is your new car small? Yes, it's as small as the old one. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. IX.
Is your new classroom large? Is their new house comfortable? Is his new secretary good? Is the new TV programme interesting? Is their new teacher nice? Is Pat's new dress pretty?
Add the right question-tag. 1. Mr Cabot's office is in town, ......................? 2. Mrs Cabot isn't a housewife, ................. ? 3. Pat often goes for a walk, .....................? 4. Mr Cabot never starts work before 9, ...................? 5. The students can go home now, ................... ? 6. You don't live far from here, ....................... ?
X.
Write sentences with these question-tags at the end. Example:..................................., isn't it? It's cold here, isn't it? 1 ................................... , don't they? 2 ................................... , hasn't she? 3. ................................ , aren't they? 4 ...................... . ..........., can't she? 5 ................................... , doesn't she? 6 ........................ .......... , isn't she?
UNIT 12
GOING SHOPPING Reading Language focus
OVERVIEW
Shopping Many – Few, A lot of, Much - Little Some – Any - No
Exercising In the street Mrs Cabot:
READING
A
Good morning, Ann. How are you?
Mrs Johnson: Not too well, I'm afraid. I've got a bad cold. Mrs Cabot:
Oh, I'm sorry. You shouldn't go out in this weather.
Mrs Johnson: I know, but we have guests to dinner and I must buy a lot of things. Mrs Cabot:
Oh, I see. Are there many good shops around here?
Mrs Johnson: No, there are few. There is a very good supermarket two blocks from here. But as I haven't got much time I'm going to the small grocery store at the corner of our street. They also sell fruit and vegetables. The shop is very clean. Are you shopping, too? Mrs Cabot:
B
LANGUAGE FOCUS
No, I'm on my way to school. There is a lot of work to do these days and I have very little free time. I must hurry now. Bye-bye.
At the grocery store Grocer: Good morning, madam. Can I help you? Mrs Johnson: Yes. I need a lot of things. First, I want a bottle of milk, some sugar and some eggs. And of course, some flour. I haven't got any at home. Then, er... (looking at her shopping list) I also need a little butter and a few lemons. And ... Grocer:
I'm very sorry, madam, but we have no lemons at the moment. I can offer you some nice fresh oranges instead.
Mrs Johnson:
No, thank you. I don't need any oranges ... But I would like some cooking chocolate. Have you got any?
Grocer:
Certainly, madam. Here it is.
Mrs Johnson:
Good. You see I can't make a chocolate cake without chocolate. Oh, I mustn't forget. I also need some coffee, a little cheese and ... a packet of tea. Well, I think that's all.
Many — Few, A lot of, Much — Little We've got
a lot of many few
friends. books. apples.
UNIT 12
Use A LOT OF, MANY, FEW with plural count nouns.
We've got
a lot of much little
coffee. bread. time.
Use A LOT.QE, MUCH, LITTLE, with mass nouns. Note: Do not use a lot of in negative sentences. I've got a lot of coffee. I haven't got much coffee. I've got a lot of friends. I haven't got many friends. EXERCISING
I.
Ask questions using “how much” or “how many” and let other students answer them. Example: books How many books have you got? I've got many I few books. tea 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
II.
How much tea have you got? I've got much I little tea.
coffee cakes butter rooms pens bread money
.
8. vegetables 9. fruit 10. sherry 11. good friends 12. shirts 13. time 14. appointments
Ask and answer. Example: students I classroom Are there many students in the classroom? No, there are very few. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
III.
matches / box tea / cup notebooks / desk fruit / grocery stor e children / school chairs / living-room bread / tabl e
8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
trees / garden people / park water / bot tle cars / str eet vegetables / shop books / floor butter / plate
Correct these statements. 1. 2. 3. 4.
It's good for Mrs Johnson to go out in bad weather . The Johnsons are going out tonight. There are many good shops near Ann's house. Mrs Johnson has got a lot of time and is going to a big super market. 5. The supermarket is near her house. 6. Mrs Cabot needn't go to work and is going shopping with her friend.
UNIT 12
IV.
Put in “many”, “much” and “ a lot of”. 1. Are there ................. things on the table? 2. There are ............... vegetables, but there isn't ......... fruit. 3. Have you got ..............
friends? Yes, I've got .......... friends.
4. We have ................ coffee, but we haven't got .................. tea. 5. You can't see ................. people in the street at night. 6. Henry spends ................ money on books. V.
Use “very little” or “very few” where necessary. Example: He has only two or three fr iends in London. He has very few friends in London. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
LANGUAGE FOCUS
He smokes about two cigarettes every day. She drinks one glass of water every day. He spends only two evenings at h«me- every week. She writes about two letters every year. I drink one cup of coffee every morning. They can't buy many things , because they haven't got much money.
Some (a little, a few) — Any — No Positive Sentences is
(a little) some (a few)
There are
coffee butter books students
here.
Questions coffee butter
Is there
any
books students
Are
Negative Sentences There isn't
any
aren't There
is are
here?
coffee
here.
students no
coffee
here.
students
Use SOME, ANY, NO with count nouns in plural and with mass nouns.
UNIT 12
Observe the short answers:
Have you got any matches?
Yes, I've got
one. a few. some.
I haven't got any. I've got no matches. Have you got any coffee?
Yes, I've got
a little. some.
we haven't got any. we've got no coffee. Note: Observe the use of a few and a little. a few matches a little milk EXERCISING
I.
[
some
matches milk
Ask and answer. Example: chairs I your room Are there any chairs in your room? Yes, there is one I there are some. butter I the kitchen Is there any butter in the kitchen? Yes, there is some.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. II.
students / the classroom sugar / your tea lemons / the table books / her desk fruit / the plate people / the street flowers / the table
8. matches / the box 9. milk / the bottle 10. girls/ the classroom 11. flour / this box 12. children / the park 13. cheese / the table 14. men / the car
“Have some” — “I don't want any”. Example: Teacher: tea . 1st student: Have some tea. 2nd student: No, thank you. I don't want any. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
coffee bread more sugar eggs fruit apples bread and butter
8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
milk cheese tea toast sherry fried bacon more cake
UNIT 12
III.
Ask and answer. Use »any« in questions and “a few” or “a little” in your answers. Example: bread / cakes Have you got any bread? No, but I've got a few cakes. 1. lemons / oranges 8. brown bread / white bread 2. toast / bread 9. bacon / eggs 3. cups / glasses 10. coffee / tea 4. sherry / mineral water 11. matches / cigarettes 5. cakes / chocolate 12. knives / forks 6. flour / sugar 13. milk / butter 7. notebooks / writing paper 14. oranges / apples
HOME
IV.
You are having some guests to tea. Write down which of these things you need and which you don't need. Use “a”, “a few”, “a little”, “some” and “any”. fruit packet of tea blackboard cups butter lemons bread bacon sugar flour notebooks vegetables bottle of milk cakes plates I need ..... ...........
V.
I don't need .................
Put in “some”, “any” or “no”. 1. Henry has ............... good books. 2. We can't go shopping. I have ................... money with me. 3. Are there ................ shops near your house? 4. There aren't ................ supermarkets in this street. 5. Are there ................. people in the street? 6. There are ................ women and ............. men but ................. children.
VI.
Complete the sentences using the right word from the list. coffee packet of tea glasses fruit bottle of milk sugar people 1. There is a ................. in the kitchen. 2. There is also some .................. there. 3. There are a few ................... on the small table. 4. There is a little ................... in my cup. 5. There are a few .................. in the room. 6. I need a .................. and a little .....................
UNIT 13
GOING OUT Reading Language focus
OVERVIEW
Exercising In the street READING
A
Jane: Ivan: Jane: Ivan: Jane: Ivan: Jane: Ivan: Jane: Ivan:
B
At the pub
C
Henry:
Going out Paste Tense of “to be” Paste Tense of “to have” Paste Tense of “can” Hello, Ivan. How are you? Fine, thank you. What about you? I was at your place yesterday but you weren't in. I had some books for you. Oh, I'm sorry but Margaret and I were very busy at the library. Are you free this evening? Would you like to go out with me? I'd love to. Let's go to the cinema. Yes, why not? What's on at the Odeon? »Detective Story«. I think it's a very good thriller. Yes, I remember now. I was there last Friday but couldn't get a ticket. Let's go and see it, then! Fine. And after that we can have a drink at the Black Horse. It's not far from the cinema.
A pub is a very popular place where British people meet to have a drink and chat. Pubs usually sell strong drinks but you can also buy soft drinks there. In many pubs you can get sandwiches and other snacks. Hello, Jane! Hello, Ivan! How nice to see you! Were you at the theatre? Ivan: No, we were at the cinema. Margaret: Was the film good? Jane: Yes, very good. Margaret: What was it about? Jane: It was a thriller about an American engineer and his wife. The actors were really excellent. Henry: Could you understand the English dialogue, Ivan? Ivan: Yes, I could. And, besides, Jane was there to help me. And where were you two? Henry: Well, Margaret and I were at the theatre but the play wasn't very interesting. Besides, we had seats at the back and I couldn't hear the actors at all. Margaret: Oh, Henry, you're never satisfied.
UNIT 13
LANGUAGE FOCUS
Present
Past
Henry is in London today. They usually have breakfast at 8.
He was at Oxford yesterday. They had breakfast at 8.30 yesterday.
We can always get cinema tickets.
They couldn't get the tickets last week.
Past Tense of »to be« Positive and Negative Sentences I Henry He Jane She We You Pat and Ivan They The boys
was wasn't
late at home
were
yesterday.
at Oxford
weren't
Questions Short Answers Was Bill at home yesterday? Was Pat at school yesterday?
Yes, he was. No, he wasn't. Yes, she was. No, she wasn't.
Was my bag in the classroom?
Yes, it was. No, it wasn't.
Were you in London last year?
Yes, I was. No, I wasn't. Yes, we were. No, we weren't.
Were the Cabots at the cinema? Were my cigarettes on the table?
Yes, they were. No, they weren't.
Past Tense of “to have” Positive Sentences I You Henry She We The Johnsons They
had
a big dinner
yesterday.
Note: For the questions and negative form of “to have” see Note 2, Unit 14.
UNIT 13
Past Tense of “can” Positive and Negative Sentences I You He Jane We The Cabots
could type
last year.
couldn't
Questions Short Answers Could you eat a lot when you were younger?
Yes, I could. No, I couldn't.
Could Ivan speak English last year?
Yes, he could. No, he couldn't.
Could they work harder when they were young?
Yes, they could. No, they couldn't.
Would you like ...? Would you like
I.
to see my room? to go for a walk? a cup of coffee? an apple?
Yes,
Use “was” or “were”. Example: Dinner was very good yesterday. the cakes: The cakes were very good yesterday. 1. the children 2. the film 3. the actors 4. the play 5. you 6. the weather 7. they
II.
I’d like ...
8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
the programme she the news that thriller the vegetables the students his homework
Ask questions using “was” or “were”. Example: Mr Cabot is in his office today. Was he in his office yesterday? Yes, he was. I No, he wasn't. 1. You are busy now. 2. The weather is fine today. 3. Henry is in London this week. 4. Jane and Ivan are at the pub now. 5. His homework is very good today. 6. The students are at school this morning.
I'd like to. I'd love to. please.
UNIT 13
7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
It is rather cold today. I am tired today. We are at school now. The TV programme is excellent tonight. Mr Johnson is in his hospital today. Our seats are at the back this time. The children are very good this afternoon. I am satisfied with your work today.
III. Ask and answer. Example: they I guests Do they have guests today? No, but they had guests yesterday. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
Pat / school Mrs Cabot / a lot of work to do the secretary / many letters to write you / any free time the students / much homework to do you / lunch at 11 a.m. she / dinner at home they / many exercises to do the grocer / any lemons Pat / much free time Ivan / a lot of mistakes we / many questions to answer they / any English newspapers Mrs Cabot / many classes
IV. Answer in the past tense. Example: Can you do it now? No, but I could do it when I was younger. 1. Can John walk a long way? 2. Can they sleep well? 3. Can she work very hard? 4. Can you eat a lot? 5. Can you smoke twenty cigarettes a day? 6. Can you drink a lot of coffee in the evening? 7. Can you sleep 12 hours? 8. Can she cook well? 9. Can he speak French well? 10. Can the secretary type all day long? 11. Can you drink a lot? 12. Can you go out every night? 13. Can you run well? 14. Can you work all day long?
UNIT 13
V.
Ask questions with “would you like” and answer with “I'd like to” or “Yes, please”. Example: go to the cinema Would you like to go to the cinema? Yes, I'd like to. a cup of coffee Would you like a cup of coffee? Yes, please. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
VI.
go for a walk watch TV a glass of sherry visit London go shopping a cup of tea . another cake
8. go to the theatre 9. come to the pub with me 10. a soft drink 11. go out tonight 12. an egg for breakfast 13. a glass of milk 14. consult the doctor
Questions a) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Who was at Jane's place yesterday? Was Jane at home? Where was she? Where are they going tonight? What is on at the Odeon? Why couldn't Ivan see “Detective Story” last week?
b) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Do you often go to the cinema? When were you at the cinema last time? What was on? Was the film good? What was it about? Who were the actors?
VII. Make sentences with these words. Example: Pat, a lot of homework, yesterday Pat had a lot of homework yesterday. Henry, cinema, last night Henry was at the cinema last night. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
the Johnsons, at home, last night they, a drink, a pub, yesterday the secretary, a lot of work, office, yesterday I, the theatre, last Sunday Ivan, London, last year Bill, a big breakfast, this morning
.
UNIT 13
VIII. Add question-tags. 1. Ivan's friends were at the theatre, ......... ? 2. The play was interesting, ...............? 3. Their seats were at the back, ........... ? 4. They could see the actors well, .......... ? 5. They couldn't hear so well, ...........? 6. Henry wasn't satisfied, .............? IX. a) Put in »was«, »were«, »had«, »could«. There .. ..... many people in Mr Cabot's office yesterday. He very busy. He .......... not see them all. He ............. see only a few. The secretary ......... a lot of work to do, too. There ............... eight business letters to type, but she ........... type only six. At 5 o'clock they ........ very tired. b) Now ask 4 questions starting with Who? Could? How many? When? X.
Write 3 true sentences about where you were last week and 3 sentences about what you couldn't do last week.
UNIT 14
A VISIT TO WINDSOR OVERVIEW
READING
A
Reading Visiting Windsor Language focus Simple Past Tense – Regular Verb Exercising Last Sunday the weather was very good and Henry and Ivan decided to go for an outing. Henry wanted to show Ivan the country round London. He asked Jane and Margaret to join them but the girls didn't finish their 1 work and stayed at home. They travelled by train to Windsor and Henry showed Ivan the castle and some other old buildings there. Then they walked across the fields and in the Woods, and had a picnic lunch near the river. The two young men talked about their studies and Henry invited Ivan to come and visit him at Oxford. About noon it started to rain so they hurried back to town. They had a cup of coffee in a small and pleasant restaurant. At 5 o'clock they were at the railway station, ready to return to London.
B
Mrs Cabot Ivan: Mrs Cabot Ivan: Mrs Cabot Ivan: Mrs Cabot Ivan:
What did you do last Sunday, Ivan? Well, Henry and I visited Windsor. Did you like it? Oh, yes, very much. How did you go there? By car? No, we didn't drive there. We travelled by train. It was a very pleasant day-trip. What was the weather like? It wasn't too bad. It rained a little about noon but we didn't mind
LANGUAGE FOCUS
Simple Past Tense — Regular Verbs Ann stays at home in the morning. I usually travel by train.
She stayed at home yesterday. I travelled by bus yesterday.
Note 1. Observe the Simple Past Tense in the following examples: They joined /d/ their friends yesterday. They worked I tI hard yesterday. He wanted /id/ to learn French last year. They decided /id/ to learn French. He hurried /id/ to work yesterday. They stopped It / work at 6 yesterday.
UNIT 14
Positive Sentences I You Henry She We The Johnsons Negative Sentences I You did not He Pat (didn't) We They Questions
stayed at home
yesterday.
worked hard
last week.
stay at home
yesterday.
work hard
last week.
you Henry stay at. home? we have lunch at 12? they
Did
Short Answers Yes, I did. Yes, he did. Yes, we did. Yes, they did.
No, I didn't. No, he didn't. No, we didn't. No, they didn't.
To make the Simple Past Tense, add -ed to regular verbs. The Simple Past Tense tells you that something happened in the past. It often comes with adverbs of past time like »yesterday«, »last week« etc. Note 2. They had some guests last week. Question: Had they any guests last week? Did they have any guests last week? Negative: They hadn't any guests last week. They didn't have any guests last week. TO HAVE can have two forms in questions and negative sentences. The forms with DID are more usual. EXERCISING
I.
Answer in the Past Tense. Example: She never stays at home on Sundays. But she stayed at home yesterday. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
They never invite friends to their house. She never works hard. They never have lunch at home. He never travels by train. Bill never returns home before 6. Her husband never washes the dishes. We never walk to school. John never types his letters.
UNIT 14
9. Pat never answers the telephone. 10. He is never late for work. 11. Henry never helps his mother. 12. They never talk about their friends. 13. We never hurry to work. 14. The children never watch TV in the evening. II.
Question Practice Example: I walked home on Monday. Oh, did you walk home on Tuesday, too? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
III.
I watched TV on Wednesday. He worked hard on Monday. Ann washed the dishes on Friday. I had two eggs for breakfast on Monday. Bill worked late on Tuesday. Ivan answered all the questions on Monday. We stayed at home on Saturday. They travelled by bus on Wednesday. Pat helped her mother on Saturday. I had fried eggs and bacon on Tuesday. It rained on Saturday. The children played in the park on Monday. We visited the Johnsons on Friday. We walked to school on Wednesday.
Make negative sentences. Example: by bus I to Karlovac I didn't travel by bus to Karlovac. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. IV.
TV / last night the dishes / yesterday in the park / yesterday a big breakfast / this morning hard / last week at home / on Sunday by car / to Plitvice all the questions / yesterday any guests / last week across the fields / on Sunday home /' late / yesterday any coffee / this morning by train / into the country a drink / yesterday
Answer in the Present Tense. Example: Mr Cabot walked to work yesterday. Yes, he often walks to work.
UNIT 14
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. HOME
V.
John worked late last night. They listened to the radio last night. lvo travelled by train last Sunday. The secretary typed many letters yesterday. He had a big breakfast this morning. The children walked in the park yesterday. He was late last night. Pat washed the dishes yesterday. It rained in London last night. The Johnsons invited some friends to dinner yesterday. Bill smoked a lot last night. Mrs Cabot stayed at home last night. Pat did her homework at school yesterday. They had coffee after dinner yesterday.
Questions a) 1. Where did Henry and lvo decide to go last Sunday? 2. What did Henry want to show lvo? 3. How did they travel to Windsor? 4. What did they do there? 5. Why did they hurry back to town? 6. When were they at the railway station? b) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
VI.
What was the weather like last weekend? Did you stay at home? What did you do? Did you visit any interesting places last week? Did you watch TV yesterday? Was there an interesting programme on?
Make these sentences negative. Example: They decided to go out. They didn't decide to go out. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Mrs Johnson invited Ivan to tea. Ivan turned left at the traffic lights. He showed me the right way. They travelled by car. I hurried to work yesterday. The Cabots had a cup of coffee after lunch.
VII. Choose the right tense (Present or Past). Example: We (work) hard last week. We worked hard last week. Pat (go) to school every day. Pat goes to school every day. .
UNIT 14
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
It (rain) last night. Bill (watch) TV every evening. We (watch) a good film on TV last night. Mrs Johnson (cook) dinner every day. They (talk) about their work yesterday. The Cabots (stay) at home last Sunday.
VIII. Make questions to the following answers. Example: They travelled to Windsor by train. (How?) How did they travel to Windsor? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. IX.
He stopped working at 6.30 yesterday. (What time?) The children played last night. (What?) Mrs Johnson invited Ivan to dinner. (Who?) They had lunch in a small restaurant. (Where?) The teacher helped the students in the lab. (Who?) The weather was very bad yesterday. (What ... like?) She smoked five cigarettes last night. (How many?) I returned to Banja Luka on Tuesday. (When?)
Open Dialogue A: Did you visit any interesting places yesterday? B: ................................................................... A: ...................................................................? B: No, we didn't. We travelled by bus. A: ...................................................................? B: It wasn't too bad. It rained a little. ................................................................. ? A: No, I didn't. I stayed at home and watched TV.
UNIT 15
A LETTER Reading Language focus Exercising
OVERVIEW
READING
A
A letter Dates Simple Past Tense – Irregular Verbs Too - Either University College Oxford May 28th, 1985
Dear Ivan,
B
Thank you very much for your letter of 15 th May. I am sorry I couldn't reply sooner but I was very busy with my studies. You asked me to correct the mistakes you made in your letter. I must tell you that you wrote it very well and there were very few mistakes. Just one thing! Remember, we usually write the address first and then the date. Yesterday I met some students from Bosnia and Herzegovina. They are studying engineering here. We went to a coffee bar and spent a very pleasant evening together. They told me many interesting things about your country. When you come to Oxford we can all meet and go out together. I found a nice small hotel where you can stay while you are here. It's not far from my college and it's not very expensive, either. I hope you can manage to come next weekend and I'm sure we can all have a very good time. Looking forward to seeing you, Yours, Henry Milan: Ivan: Milan:
LANGUAGE FOCUS
What did you do yesterday evening, Ivan? I came home rather late and found Henry's letter on my desk. He sent it two days ago. I read it and then went straight to bed. That's why I saw no light in your room when I passed under your windows. I thought you were not in.
Months of the Year:
JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH APRIL MAY JUNE
JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBER DECEMBER
Dates
1st January 1985 January 1st, 1985
the first of January nineteen eighty-f ive January the first, nineteen eighty-f ive
UNIT 15
Simple Past Tense - Irregular Verbs Present Jim often goes to London. Students often make mistakes.
Past He went to London yesterday. They made a lot of mistakes last week.
He always finds good books. Bill often thinks about work.
He found a good book yesterday. He thought about his work yesterday.
Questions and Negative Forms He went to London yesterday. Did he go to London?
He didn't go to London.
Learn the past tenses of these verbs: come, go, get, find, know, leave, make, meet, put, read, see, sit, spend, tell, think, write. You can find them in the List of Irregular Verbs.
Too — Either Observe the use of too and either. Mr Cabot works in an office and Mary Green works there, too. Henry doesn't work and Ivan doesn't (work), either. EXERCISING
I.
Answer in the Past Tense. Example: He often goes to the cinema. He went to the cinema yesterday. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
II.
Henry often meets his friends. We often see a light in your room. He often finds pleasant restaurants. Ann often spends a lot of money. He often thinks about his girl-friend. She often writes to her mother. Pat often does her homework at school. He often tells me about his work. She often comes to work late. We often have coffee after lunch. We often go for an outing. He often reads a book on the train. He is often late for work. They often go shopping in the afternoon.
Make questions with »when«. Example: He wrote that letter yesterday. When did he write it?
UNIT 15
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. III.
He came home late last night. I saw him yesterday. They went to Bosnia and Herzegovina three days ago. He told me about his country last night. She did her homework yesterday. She wrote to me a month ago. They went on a day-trip to Windsor yesterday. We started our English classes in September. He found some money yesterday. I thought about it last night. I met Hi's brother last October. She read that book last year. We had guests last night. I met Ivan last week.
Ask questions with »how long ago«? Example: He finished work two hours ago. How long ago did he finish work? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
HOME
IV.
The film started 5 minutes ago. He met his wife 10 years ago. Ivan came to London two months ago. They went home an hour ago. She replied to my letter two days ago. He wrote that book 5 years ago. They invited me to dinner two days ago. She opened her shop a year ago. We stayed at that hotel two years ago. Pat went to bed half an hour ago. He returned to Banja Luka two weeks ago. I saw him in the street 10 minutes ago. They finished their work an hour ago. Mrs Cabot started to teach 15 years ago.
Questions a) 1. When did Henry write to Ivan? 2. Why didn't he reply to Ivan's letter sooner? 3. Did Henry find many mistakes in Ivan's letter? 4. Who did Henry meet at Oxford? 5. What did they talk about? 6. Did Henry find a hotel for Ivan?
b) 1. How many months are there in a year? 2. Which is the first month of the year? 3. Which is the last month of the year? 4. Which is the shortest month of the year? 5. How many days are there in a year? 6. What date is it today?
UNIT 15
V.
Complete these sentences using the Past Tense. Example: Henry ............ 3 eggs for breakfast. Henry had 3 eggs for breakfast. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
VI.
Torn .......... his friend in the street yesterday. She ........... a letter to her sister. It was late and Pat ............. straight to bed. Mrs Cabot ........... her students' mistakes.. We .......... a good film on TV. Henry ............ Ivan the country round London. Mrs Johnson ........... shopping and ............. a lot of money.
Put in the correct article where necessary. 1. Henry is ............ student. 2. Ivan and Milan are ....... students, too. 3. Mr Johnson is smoking ....... cigarette. 4. He always drinks . tea in .......... 5. Ann has ......... new dress. 6..... dress was very expensive. 7........................"January is coldest month. 8. ................. Cabots are .................. English family.
VII. Answer in the negative and add »either«. Example: Henry doesn't smoke. What about you? I don't smoke, either, 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Margaret didn't go to Windsor. What about Jane? Pat never goes to bed late. What about your .children? I can't type. What about you? Ann can't drive. What about Pat? The Johnsons don't drink much coffee. What about Ivan? Most people don't like rain. What about you?
VIII. Add »too« or »either«. Example: Her eyes are brown. Her hair is brown, too. He can't speak English well. Ivan can't either. 1. It's cold in the kitchen. It's cold in the bathroom .................... 2. They have no eggs at home and there isn't any bacon .............. 3. Some women talk too much. Some men talk much ........... 4. The weather wasn't good on Sunday. It wasn't good yesterday .............
5. He never gets up before 8. His wife doesn't .................. 6. We went to Windsor last week. They went there ...................
UNIT 15
IX.
Answer these questions.
,
1. It's Monday today. What day was it the day before yesterday? 2. I went to the cinema last week. I had a business appointment on Monday and the next two evenings I spent at home. I went to Windsor for the weekend and left on Friday evening. When did I go to the cinema? 3. It's 5 o'clock now. What time was it half an hour ago? 4. My sister had her birthday in July, and my brother had his birthday three months before that. My birthday was one month after my brother's. When was my birthday? 5. Today is June 30 th. What date was it seven days ago?
UNIT 16
TRAVELLING Reading Language focus
OVERVIEW
Travelling Irregular Comparison Adjectives and Adverbs
Exercising READING
A B
In Britain trains are a very popular form of public transport. The train is usually more expensive than the coach but it is also faster and more comfortable. There is always a buffet car on the train where you can get a sandwich, tea. coffee or a fruit juice. The information desk at a travel agency Clerk: Ivan: Clerk: Ivan: Clerk:
Ivan: Clerk: Ivan: Clerk: Ivan: Clerk: Ivan:
C
At the booking office. Ivan is buying his ticket. Ivan: Clerk: Ivan: Clerk: Ivan: Clerk: Ivan: Clerk: Ivan:
LANGUAGE FOCUS
Good afternoon. Can I help you? Yes, please. I'd like to go to Oxford by train. Is it the best way to travel there? It certainly is. And the quickest, too. Good. And how much is the fare? It's five pounds single and seven pounds fifty return. You'd better take a return ticket. It's less expensive. And on Sundays you can get a cheap return at £ 6.50. I see. Which station do trains for Oxford leave from? Paddington. And how often do the trains run? Not too often, I'm afraid. There is one every 45 minutes. Oh, well, it could be worse. Do I have to book my ticket in advance? No, you needn't. You can get it at the booking office before you leave. That's great. Thank you very much.
Oxford, please. Single or return? Return, please. That's seven pounds fifty. Here's a ten pound note. Two fifty change. Which platform does the train leave from? Platform two but you'd better look at the time-table to make sure. Thank you.
Irregular Comparison Good His homework is good. His friend's homework is better. Pat did the best homework.
Bad John's dictation is bad. Tom's dictation is worse. My dictation is the worst.
UNIT 16
Much / Many
Little
much bread. many eggs. Bill eats more bread/eggs. Henry eats the most bread/eggs.
He drank little sherry yesterday. His friend drank less sherry. That clerk drank the least sherry.
Pat doesn't eat
Adjectives and Adverbs He’s a good (bad, careful, hard) worker. »Good<', »bad«, »careful«, »hard« are adjectives. They come with nouns or pronouns. He works well (badly, carefully, hard). »Well«, »badly«, »carefully«, »hard« are adverbs. They come with the verb and answer the question »How does he work?« Note: Observe the use of »had betters. It's late. You'd better hurry. Ann has a bad cold. She'd better not go out. »You'd better« is the short form of »you had better« . We use »had better« to give advice to other people or to suggest that it is a good idea to do something. EXERCISING
I.
Comparative Practice Example: This homework is very good. Yes, but that one is much better. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
II.
This book is very interesting. This coffee bar is very good. This house is very big. This dress is very expensive. This car is very good. This homework is very bad. This chair is very comfortable. This restaurant is very pleasant. This bed is very small. This shop is very good. This woman is very beautiful. This hotel is very bad. This street is very long. This young man is very tall.
Superlative Practice Example: Is he a good doctor? Yes, he is the best doctor I know.
1. 2. 3. 4.
Is Is Is Is
this an interesting book? this coffee good? he a bad student?' she a beautiful woman?
UNIT 16
5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. III.
Is she a bad housewife? Is London a big town? Is she a good mother? Is this a bad hotel? Is she a good clerk? Is she a bad teacher? Is this an expensive restaurant? Is he a good engineer? Is he a pleasant man? Is this a good travel agency?
Answer these sentences using “had better”. Example: We should go now, shouldn't we? Yes, we'd better go now. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
HOME
She should do her homework, shouldn't she? We should have lunch now, shouldn't we? They should help her, shouldn't they? She should go shopping, shouldn't she? He should do his work, shouldn't he? The students should read this book, shouldn't they? She should go to bed, shouldn't she? He should stay at home, shouldn't he? She should answer this question, shouldn't she? We should finish our work, shouldn't we? He should get the tickets, shouldn't he? She should write to her mother, shouldn't she? We should hurry now, shouldn't we? We should get off now, shouldn't we?
IV. a) Choose the best answer. 1. British people .............................. to travel by train. a) don't like b) like c) would like 2. Travelling by coach in Britain is .................. .than travelling by train. a) less expensive b) more expensive c) as expensive 3. Ivan wants to travel to Oxford and back. It's cheaper to buy a) two single tickets. b) one single ticket. c) a return ticket. 4. It's 10.35 now. The train for Oxford left five minutes ago. The next train leaves at .................... a) 11.15 b) 11.25 c) 11.40
UNIT 16
5. Ivan can have a a) cup of tea b) dinner c) breakfast
on the train.
b) Questions 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. V.
Do you like to travel by train? Is it cheaper to travel by train or by coach? Where can you buy train tickets? How much is the fare to Belgrade? Why do many people take return tickets? Where must you look to see when your train leaves?
Use comparatives in your answers. Example: Tea is not very expensive now. No, it was more expensive last year. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
VI.
Bread is not very good now. His homework is not so bad this time. There isn't much rain this year. He doesn't get so little money now. She doesn't make many mistakes now. The weather is not so bad this week.
Put in the correct form of the word in brackets. The students wrote a (long) dictation this morning. It was much (long) than the dictation last week. Milan's dictation was very(good). He had (few) mistakes than the other students. His dictation was (good) in the class. Milan can write (good) than his friends because he learns (much) than they do. Ivan made (many) mistakes of all the students. His dictation was (bad) of all. He goes out too (much) and studies English (little) than he should.
VII. Choose the right form. 1. 2. 3. 4.
He speaks English (good, well). I've got a (bad, badly) cold. They always listen to their teacher (careful, carefully). This student did his homework (bad, badly). 5. Mrs Johnson is a (good, well) housewife. She cooks very (good, well). 6. He went home (quick, quickly). VIII. Answer using the comparative. Example: Does he eat as much as his brother? Oh, he eats more than his brother. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Does he work as hard as his father? Does she sleep as little as her husband? Do they make as few mistakes as their friends? Was the TV programme yesterday as good as it is today? Is the weather today as bad as it was yesterday? Has he got as many books as his teacher?
UNIT 16
IX.
Complete the following using »I'd better ...«. Example: The weather is bad. Yes, ... Yes, I'd better stay at home. 1. It's late. Yes, ......... 2. There are a lot of dishes in the kitchen. Yes, ............. 3. Your family is hungry. Yes, ............ 4. It's very cold today. Yes, ......... 5. The telephone is ringing. Yes, .......... 6. It's raining. Yes,...........
UNIT 17
AT THE RAILWAY STATION OVERVIEW
READING
A
B
Reading Railway station Language focus Past Continuous Tense Exercising In a taxi Ivan: Paddington, please. I want to catch the 9.45 for Oxford. Taxi driver: The time is rather short, but I think we can make it. Ivan: I know it's late but I was waiting at the corner for 10 minutes and no taxi stopped. Taxi driver: We axe very busy today. It's holiday time arid many people are going away. Here we are, sir. You're just in time. 90 p, please. Ivan: Thank you. Here's a pound. You can keep the change. On the platform Margaret: Ivan: Margaret:
Ivan: Margaret:
C
On the train Ivan: Passenger: Ivan: Passenger: Ivan:
LANGUAGE FOCUS
Oh, here you are at last. Your train leaves in five minutes. Sorry I'm late, but I couldn't get a taxi. It's all right. I was looking at the magazines while I was waiting. And here's the book Henry wants to borrow. I promised to lend it to him. Please tell him he must return it in a fortnight. O.K. I'd better get on the train now. I want to find a seat in a nonsmoker. Bye-bye, Margaret. Give my love to Henry and have a good journey.
Excuse me, is this seat taken? No, it's free. Thank you. Oh, let me help you with that suitcase. That's very kind of you. I don't know why it's so heavy — there are only clothes in it. I was just trying to lift it when you entered the compartment. There. It's on the rack now.
Past Continuous Tense She was working They were sleeping
when he came, all the morning, at 10 o'clock yesterday. while he was studding.
Observe how we make the Past Continuous Tense: Past Continuous Tense = was/were + the »-ing form« of the Verb The Past Continuous Tense tells you that an action was going on for some time in the past a) when another shorter past action happened, or b) at a definite point of past time, or c) at the same time as another past action.
UNIT 17
EXERCISING
I.
Make sentences using the Past Continuous Tense. Example: work hard / all day yesterday I was working hard all day yesterday. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
II.
walk in the park / all the afternoon read newspapers / the whole evening cook dinner , the whole morning study / all day yesterday run all the way home / yesterday study English / the whole weekend write letters / all the morning yesterday live in London / 3 months sleep / from 9 p.m. to 9 a.m. do homework / all the afternoon talk about holidays / the whole evening ask questions / all the time look at the picture / the whole morning work hard / the whole day
,
Make sentences using the Past Tense Simple and Continuous. Example: home I his old friend . He was going home when he met his old friend. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
III.
television / some friends a shower in the bathroom / the telephone dinner / the children in the park / the rain on the platform / the train breakfast / her husband to the library / my best friend a cigarette / his father in the kitchen / the guests across the fields / the rain in the classroom / the teacher at the corner / a taxi sandwich / his girl-friend at the bus stop / bus
Use the Past Continuous Tense. The policeman is asking 14 people: What were you doing at 8 o'clock on Saturday evening? Answer: (in the park). I was walking in the park. 1. in the pub 8. Hyde Park 2. radio 9. to a friend 3. on the train 10. a cup of coffee 4. at the cinema 11. my shoes 5. TV at home 12. a letter 6. dinner 13, my wife 7. a newspaper at home 14. to the railway station
.
UNIT 17
IV. a) Choose the right sentence ending. 1. Ivan took a taxi to Paddington because a) he had a lot of time. b) it was late. c) he lived far from the station. 2. The taxis were busy because many people a) were going away. b) were coming to London. c) were going to work. 3. While she was waiting, Margaret a) was reading a magazine. b) was looking at magazines. c) bought a magazine. 4. Henry wants a) to buy a book. b) to lend a book. c) to borrow a book. 5. Henry must return the book a) in a week. b) in two weeks. c) next year. 6. Ivan a) likes French cigarettes. b) smokes a lot. c) doesn't smoke. b) Questions 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Where do you usually wait for a train? What can we see on the platform? Are trains in Bosnia and Herzegovina often late? Do you often travel by train? Why?/Why not? Where can you have a snack while travelling? What do you do first when you enter a compartment?
V. a) Put in the right form of the Past Tense, Simple or Continuous. Mr Cabot (get up) at 7.30 this morning. While he (wash) and (dress), his wife (make) breakfast. He (go) to work by car. While he (drive) to his office, he (think about) his work. He (not look) at the traffic lights so he almost (drive) through the red light. He (stop) at the last moment. When he (come) to the office, his secretary already (type) his business letters. b) Now ask 5 questions about Mr Cabot going to work.
UNIT 17
VI.
Complete these sentences using the Past Simple or Continuous. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
VII.
It was raining when ........... When I opened the door, .......... While I was having lunch, ........... When I came home yesterday, ......... I was walking in the park yesterday when ................ She rang me up while ...........
Put in the right form of »get« or the phrases »get up«, »get on«, »get off«, »get ready«. 1. They wanted to go to the theatre but couldn't .............. any tickets. 2. When you go to the new part of Banja Luka, you ........... the bus near the railway station. 3. She can't ........ in less than an hour. 4. You'd better ......... the train now. It's leaving in two minutes. 5. He was running to work all the way because he ................. late. 6. The shops weren't open so they didn't ............. any bread.
VIII. Complete these sentences. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. IX.
We ask about trains and buses at .......................................... We buy our train tickets at ..................................................... We usually wait for our train on ................................................. We look at .............................. to see when the trains leave. We can borrow a book in ..................................................... We can get a sandwich or a fruit juice in ................................... on the train.
Office Workers A young man started work in a large office. At the end of his first day, he came home and his father asked him some questions. »And how many people work in your office?« he asked. »Oh, about half the people there«, his son answered.
UNIT 18
IVAN AT OXFORD Reading Language focus
OVERVIEW
At Oxford Possessive Pronouns Future of Intention
Exercising READING
A B
Oxford is a small town 57 miles (92 km) from London. It has the oldest university in England. Many tourists visit Oxford every year to see its old colleges. There is also a big car factory near Oxford where workers make thousands of cars each year. Hello, Ivan. How nice to see you again. Did you enjoy your journey? Yes, very much. It was very funny in fact. Funny? What happened? Let me tell you about it. There was an old lady in the same compartment. She was talking so much that she nearly forgot to get off the train at her station. And when she did, she took my suitcase and left hers on the rack. I called after her: “But Madam, that case is mine!” All the passengers were looking out of the windows and laughing as she quickly gave me back my suitcase. You were really lucky to notice it in time.
Henry: Ivan: Henry: Ivan:
Henry:
C
Henry: Ivan: Henry: Ivan: Henry: Ivan: Henry: Ivan:
LANGUAGE FOCUS
Let's go to your hotel now. Are we going to walk or take a bus? We can go on foot. It's quite near. Let me carry your suitcase. Are you going to show me Oxford tonight? No, you are going to see the town tomorrow. Tonight we are going to a big party. How wonderful! When does it start? At 8. Can you get ready by then? Of course. I'm only going to unpack my luggage, take a hot shower and shave.
Possessive Pronouns This is my suitcase. It's her coat.
This suitcase is mine. That coat is hers. mine. yours,
This book
is
hers, his. ours. theirs.
UNIT 18
Future Tense with »Going to« (Future of Intention) Positive Sentences I'm You're Henry is going to We're They're Questions Are you Is he Negative Sentences We aren't He isn't
stay at Oxford enjoy the party see the colleges
going to
stay
to
stay
next week.
at that hotel?
at the hotel.
Future of Intention = Present Continuous of »to go« + Infinitive We use »going to« when we talk about things in the future. Note: Don't use this future tense with verbs »to go« and »to come«. EXERCISING
I.
Ask questions using the possessive pronouns. Example: This is Pat's notebook. Is it really hers? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
II.
This is Henry's new car. This is the Johnsons' house. This is your seat. This is Ann's new bag. This is our new classroom. This is the Cabots' garage. This is my new flat. This is the Johnsons' garden. This is Ivan's book. This is my new suitcase. This is her luggage. This is Helen's new pen. This is your glass. This is our bus.
Complete these sentences using “going to”. Example: I didn't do my homework yesterday, but ............. (tonight) I didn't do my homework yesterday, but I'm going to do it tonight. 1. Henry didn't see the film last week, but .............. (next week) 2. We didn't travel by train last time, but .................. (next time) 3. I didn't have a shower this morning, but ............. (this evening)
UNIT 18
4. They didn't stay at home last night, but ............... (tonight) 5. Mr Johnson didn't watch TV yesterday, but ............... (today) 6. Ivan didn't buy any new books last month, but ................ (next month) 7. You didn't do any exercises yesterday, but .............. (tomorrow) 8. Ivan didn't write to his parents last week, but .............. (today) 9. We didn't have a drink before dinner, but ............. (after dinner) 10. The students didn't write a dictation last week, but ................. (next week) 11. Mrs Cabot didn't work yesterday, but ............... (tomorrow) 12. You didn't listen to the news this morning, but ............. (tonight) 13. Henry didn't visit Bosnia and Herzegovina last year, but (next year) 14. I didn't sleep late last Sunday, but .............. (next Sunday) III.
Ask questions with “Are you going to” and give answers. Example: newspaper I after dinner Are you going to read a newspaper after dinner? Yes, I am. / No, I'm not. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
HOME
IV.
V.
guests / next Sunday homework / tomorrow the tickets / in advance a shower / this evening that letter / next week coffee / after lunch a cake / next Sunday
8. your car / tomorrow 9. at home / this evening 10. the dishes / after dinner 11. watch TV 7 tonight ;-? 12. lunch at home / tomorrow 13. a drink at the pub / tonight 14. a new car / next month
Questions a) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Where is the oldest university in England? Why do many tourists visit Oxford? What's Henry going to show Ivan at Oxford? What happened to Ivan on his way to Oxford? Why was Ivan lucky?
b) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Which is the oldest university in Bosnia and Herzegovina? Do many students study there? Do our students live in colleges, too? What do students do when they are free? When are you going to have a party? Who are you going to invite?
Complete these sentences using »not going to ...«. Example: I worked hard last week, but... (next week) I worked hard last week, but I'm not going to work hard next week. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
I listened to the news yesterday, but .. ......... (tonight) Ann travelled by train last time, but .............. (next time) Her husband washed ail the dishes yesterday, but ........ (today) The secretary was late this morning, but .......... (tomorrow) We stayed at home last night, but .......... (tonight) She spent her holidays in England last year, but .............. (next year)
UNIT 18
VI.
Choose the right form in these sentences. 1. Did Ivan (made, make, making) many mistakes? 2. Are the Cabots (coming, came, come) tonight? 3. Mrs Johnson (cook, cooking, cooks) dinner every day. 4. The young people are going to (having, had, have) a picnic lunch. 5. The students are just (do, did, doing) exercises. 6. The policeman is going to (showed, show, showing) us the way.'
VII. Answer in the negative using the possessive pronouns. Example: Is this your coat? No, it's hers. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Is that Henry's pencil? Are those your pens? Is this our classroom? Are these your cigarettes? Is that the teacher's chair? Are these John's letters?
(she) (I) (he) (they) (she) (you) (we)
VIII. Write 5 true sentences about what you are going to do tomorrow.
UNIT 19
IN A HOTEL Reading Language focus Exercising
OVERVIEW
In a hotel Present Perfect Tense
Checking in at a hotel READING
A
At the reception desk Henry: Good afternoon. I have booked a room for my friend. The name is Ili ć. He has just arrived. Receptionist: Just a moment, sir. Is it single or double? Henry: Single. Receptionist: When did you make the booking? Henry: Last Monday. Receptionist: Yes, that's right, sir. Here's your reservation. One single room with a shower. It's Room 22 on the second floor. Here's the key. Ivan: Thank you. And what's the price of the room? Receptionist: £ 10.50 with breakfast. Ivan: It's quite reasonable. Are you coming with me, Henry? Henry: No, I've promised to meet some Italian friends at the library. But I'm coming back in half an hour. In the hotel lounge, half an hour later
B
Henry: Receptionist: Henry: Ivan: Henry: Ivan:
LANGUAGE FOCUS
(to the receptionist): Has Mr Ilic come down yet? No, I haven't seen him. Ah, there he is now. You look very smart, Ivan. Well, I've just had a shower and changed, and now I'm quite ready for the big party. Fine. I've arranged everything. First we are going to have dinner and then we are off to the party. Oh, I've almost forgotten. Here's the book Margaret gave me for you.
Present Perfect Tense Positive Sentences I You We They Henry He Mary
have (‘ve)
booked made
a room. the booking.
has (‘s)
had
a shower.
UNIT 19
Questions you they she Ivan
Have Has
Negative Sentences I You haven't The boys Henry She
booked made
a room? the booking?
booked taken
a room. a shower.
hasn't Present Perfect Tense = have/has + Past Participle
The Past Participle of regular verbs is the same as the Past Tense. Henry has booked a room for Ivan. The Past Participle of irregular verbs is: a) the same as the Past Tense Tom has bought a new car. b) different from the Past Tense Ivan has taken a shower. For past participles of irregular verbs consult the List of Irregular Verbs 1. We use the Present Perfect Tense when we are talking about things that happened in the past, but give no indication of the time when they happened. We are interested only in the present result. The secretary has typed all the letters. (here they are) 2. We also use the Present Perfect Tense with »just<^ when we are talking about things that happened only a few minutes ago. Ivan has just come down. We have just read Unit 19. Note: We never use the Present Perfect Tense with adverbs of past time. When? Henry has booked a room for Ivan. He booked it last week. Have you done homework? Yes, I have. I did it yesterday.
UNIT 19
EXERCISING
I.
Answer in the Present Perfect Tense. Example: Are you going to finish your work? Well, I've already finished it. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
II.
Are you going to have dinner? Are you going to do your homework now? Are you going to wash your hair? Are you going to read the newspaper? Are you going to write that letter? Are you going to learn this lesson? Are you going to eat your lunch? Are you going to clean your room? Are you going to change? Are you going to make tea? Are you going to wash the dishes? Are you going to put on your shoes? Are you going to make a cake? Are you going to unpack your suitcase?
Answer in the Present Perfect Tense. Example: Has he made the booking yet? Yes. He's just done it. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
III.
Has she read this book yet? Has she written the letter yet? Has he seen London yet? Have they got the hotel room yet? Has he got the tickets yet? Have they finished the exercises yet? Have the children had dinner yet? Has she heard the question yet? Has she cooked lunch yet? . Have they had their coffee yet? Has she done the dishes yet? Have they bought a new car yet? Have you had your tea yet? Have they eaten the sandwiches yet?
(do) (finish) (type) (be) (book) (buy) (do) (eat) (answer) (make) (finish) (wash) (get) (drink) (have)
Make questions using the Present Perfect Tense and give short answers. Example: you I that book Have you read that book? Yes, I have. I No, I haven't. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
Henry / a room for Ivan Ivan / a seat in a non-smoker students / their homework Helen / the dishes Ivan / a good journey we / this unit you / that programme Ivan / his suitcases
UNIT 19
9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. HOME
IV.
V.
the friends / a drink the secretary / all the letters Henry and Margaret / the new play Margaret / that book to Henry you / your work for today the children / their shoes
Questions
a) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Where are Henry and Ivan? What has Henry booked for Ivan? When did he make the booking? How long is Ivan going to stay at the hotel? What is the price of the room? Why is Henry going to the library?
b) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
What do you do first when you come to a hotel? Have you been to the Banja Luka Intercontinental? What's the price of a single room in our hotels? What is a double room? Where do you usually stay when you travel on business? Have you ever stayed at an English hotel?
Ask in the Present Perfect and answer in the Past Tense. Example: read I Hamlet (last month) Have you read Hamlet? Yes, I read it last year. 1. meet / his sister (last month) 2. see / the Mona Lisa (two years ago) 3. visit / London (last September) 4. write / those business letters (yesterday) 5. have / lunch (an hour ago) 6. read / that book (last year)
VI.
Mrs Johnson Is not satisfied with her daughter today. Why? Be cause Pat hasn't done these things today. Example: wash / her face She hasn't washed her face. 1. eat / breakfast 2. brush / teeth 3. do / homework
4. give / the right answer 5. listen to / the teacher 6. finish / exercises
UNIT 19
VII. Put in the correct form of the verb in brackets (Present Perfect or Past Tense). 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
The train just (arrive) at the station, I (spend) my holidays in London last year. The clerk already (type) all the letters. They (go) on a day-trip to London last Sunday. I never (be) to America. The students (do) their homework well and the teacher is satisfied. Ivan (do) his homework last night. You just (finish) this.
VIII. Make 3 short dialogues. Example: see A: B: A: B:
/ that film Have you seen that film? Yes, I have. When did you see it? I saw it last week.
1. read / that book 2. do / your English homework 3. be / Paris IX.
Make 5 sentences about what you have done today.
X.
Open Dialogue You want to book a double room in a hotel. You are talking to the reception clerk. You are A. Clerk: Yes, sir? A:
..................................
Clerk: With a bathroom or just a shower? A:
..................................
Clerk: ................................. ? A:
Four days starting from today......................................?
Clerk: It's fifteen pounds, with breakfast.
UNIT 20
AT THE RESTAURANT OVERVIEW
Reading Language focus Exercising
READING
Henry and Ivan have just entered a restaurant where they are going to have dinner.
A
Waiter: Henry: Waiter: Henry:
At the restaurant Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Good evening. Good evening. We want a table for two. Can we have this one? Sorry, this table is reserved. But the table in the corner is very nice. Yes, fine. Can we have the menu, please? Waiter: Here it is, sir.
B
Before dinner Ivan: It's a very pleasant restaurant. Do you often come here? Henry: Yes, I do. In fact I've been coming here ever since I came to Oxford. It was three years ago. Ivan: So you have been studying for three years now. Henry: Yes. And how long have you been learning English? Ivan: For three years too, but I haven't learned it very well yet. It's a difficult language. Henry: It's never easy to learn a foreign language. But let's order our dinner now.
C
A few minutes later Waiter: Can I take your order now, sir? What would you like to start with? Henry: We're going to have soup first. And then perhaps a typical English dish for my Yugoslav friend. Waiter: May I suggest roast beef with potatoes and vegetables? Ivan: Yes, that's fine for me. What about you, Henry? Henry: I'm afraid I don't like roast beef. I think I'd rather have some fish. But no potatoes for me, please. Waiter: What are you going to drink with your meal? Wine? Or beer, perhaps? Henry: Bring us a bottle of white wine, please.
D
After dinner Ivan: Henry: Ivan: Henry:
I really enjoyed this meal. Yes, the food is always good here. Any sweet for you, Ivan? No sweet for me, thank you. Aren't we in a hurry? Oh, yes, it's almost 8.30 now. We'd better pay our bill and leave a tip. Our friends have been waiting for us since 3 o'clock.
UNIT 20
LANGUAGE FOCUS
Present Perfect Continuous Tense Positive Sentences I You have We (’ve) The boys been He has Mary (‘s) She
studying
for three years.
waiting
since 8 o’clock.
living
in London for 5 years.
Present Perfect Continuous = have/has + been + the »-ing form« Questions Have you they Has
he she
been
waiting
since 8 o'clock?
been
waiting
since 8 o'clock.
Negative Sentences I You We He She
have not (haven't) has not (hasn't)
The Present Perfect Continuous tells you that an action started in the past and is still going on now. Note 1. Observe the sentences: We have had this car for four years. He has been here since 8 o'clock. As »have«, »be« and some other verbs usually have no continuous form, the Simple Present Perfect is used instead of the Present Perfect Continuous. Note 2. The Present Perfect Tense (Simple or Continuous) is never used with adverbs of past time such as v>yesterday«, »2 days ago« etc. Note 3. Observe the use of »since« and »for« with the Present Perfect Continuous: a) Since when have you been learning English? I've been learning English since 5th September. last Monday. I left school. Since indicates the time when the action started.
UNIT 20
b) How long have you been learning English? We've been learning English for a fortnight. 3 months. 2 years. For shows the period of time an action has been going on. EXERCISING
I.
Answer these questions using the Present Perfect Continuous Tense. Example: How long have you been waiting? (10 minutes) We've been wailing for 10 minutes. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
II.
How How How How How How How How How How How How How How
long have they been walking? (two hours) long have they been sitting there? (half an hour) long has it been raining? (three hours) long has he been reading that book? (two months) long have the children been playing? (2 hours) long have we been learning English? (3 months) long has she been sleeping? (8 hours) long have they been driving? (5 hours) long has he been working? (2 years) long have they been watching TV? (20 minutes) long has she been eating? (half an hour) long have they been living here? (10 years) long has she been typing? (an hour) long has he been studying? (4 years)
Ask questions with »how long«. Example: Henry is studying engineering. How long has he been studying it? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
III.
Ivan is reading an English book. They are living in Paris now. She is teaching at this school. The children are sleeping. He is working in a big factory. They are listening to the radio. The students are learning English. Pat is doing her homework. The boys are sitting in the restaurant. He is waiting for his girl-friend. It's raining now. We are doing exercises. We are watching TV now. She is cooking dinner.
Answer these questions using the Present Perfect Tense. Example: 2s he in England now? (January) Yes. He has been there since January. 1. Is she in the kitchen? (9 o'clock) 2. Are they in the park? (4 o'clock)
UNIT 20
3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. IV.
Questions 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. b) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
V.
Is he at Oxford? (September) Is he in England? (1981) Is he at school? (2 o'clock) Are they in London? (March) Are they at the pub? (8 o'clock) Is he in Paris? (last April) Is she at the hospital? (last Monday) Are they at the party? (dinner time) Is he at his office? (8. a.m.) Are they at the factory? (7 o'clock) Is he in the garden now? (lunch time) Are the students in the lab now? (3.30)
Where are Henry and Ivan going to have dinner? What is the restaurant like? How long has Henry been coming to this restaurant? What is Ivan going to have for dinner? What are they going to drink with their meal? Why are they in a hurry? How long have you been living in Banja Luka? How long have I been-teaching you English? How long has Ivan been learning English? How long has Henry been studying? How long have you been working at your office?
Make sentences with »for« and »since«. Example: live/Banja Luka/5 years I've been living in Banja Luka /or 5 years. live/London/l9S0 She's been living in London since 1980. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
VI.
drive/that car/4 years build/that house/February wait/bus/20 minutes work/that factory/1984 watch/TV/two hours stay/that hotel/a fortnight live/that flat/last March sit/pub/7 o'clock
Make sentences using the Present Perfect Continuous and Simple, Example: type letters (2 hours/6 letters) She's been typing letters for 2 hours. She has typed 6 letters. 1. clean windows 2. drink tea
(all the morning/4 windows) (since 5 o'clock/4 cups of tea)
UNIT 20
3. 4. 5. 6. VII.
read the book walk write books learn English
(2 hours/40 pages) (2 hours/6 km) (10 years/4 books) (2 months/20 units)
Put in the right form of the Present Perfect Simple or Continuous. Example: I (wait) for my bus since 7 o'clock but it (not come) yet. I've been waiting for my bus since 7 o'clock but it hasn't come yet. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
He (do) his homework for 2 hours, but he (not do) it yet. Ann (cook) lunch all the morning but she (not finish) it yet. We (learn) English for 3 months and we (learn) a lot. I (wait) for the train for 20 minutes, but it (not arrive) yet. The secretary (work) all the morning but she (type) only 5 letters. The students (make) many mistakes. The teacher (correct) them for 2 hours. The workers (work) hard this month. They (make) two thou sand new cars. She (live) in England for 6 months but she (not visit) Windsor yet.
VIII. Say what you'd rather do this evening. Example: You can go to bed early or stay up late. I'd rather go to bed early. You can: 1. stay at home or go out 2. do some homework or watch TV 3. have an English lesson or see a film 4. visit some friends or go to the theatre 5. eat at home or go to a restaurant 6. go for a walk or have a drink at a pub IX.
Open Dialogue You are in a restaurant and want to have soup, roast beef with potatoes, a bottle of beer and a cup of coffee. Order your lunch. You are A. Waiter: A: Waiter: A: Waiter: A:
XI.
What would you like to have, sir? ........................................................... What are you going to drink? ......................... Any sweet? No, thank you.......................................
A Joke “Darling, you know that cake I promised to make for you? Well, the dog ate it.” Husband: “Never mind, dear. I can buy you another dog.”
Wife:
UNIT 21
AT THE POST-OFFICE Reading Language focus Exercising
OVERVIEW
At the post-office Reflexive pronouns
Making a telephone call
READING
A
Ivan in a telephone box Ivan: Jane: Ivan: Jane:
B
Ivan: Jane: Ivan:
Jane: Ivan: Jane:
Hallo, this is Ivan Ilic. Can I speak to Miss Jane Brown, please? Jane Brown speaking. Hallo Jane, this is Ivan. Well, Ivan. At last! What's the matter with you? Something's wrong, isn't it? I've been waiting for your call the whole morning. You said . . . I'm terribly sorry but I couldn't ring you up as I promised. I'm still at Oxford. I don't feel very well. What happened? Tell me. Well, Henry and I went to a party yesterday evening. We had a very good time and enjoyed ourselves. But then on our way home I fell down and hurt myself. Besides, I was sick the whole night. Oh, I see. It was probably a very nice party, wasn't it? Jane, don't be angry, please. I'm not angry at all. I only wonder what Margaret is going to say when she hears about the party.
At a post-office window Ivan: Clerk: Ivan:
Clerk: Ivan: Clerk: Ivan: Clerk: LANGUAGE FOCUS
Can I get stamps here? No, this is the telegram window. You can get stamps at the next window. Thank you. (At the next window) Can I have three 20 p stamps, five envelopes and two airmail letters, please? Oh, yes, and a 50 p book of stamps. That's two pounds. Here's a five pound note. By the way, do you sell picture postcards here? Sorry, we don't. And here's your change. Where can I post this letter? You can take it to that letter-box over there.
Reflexive Pronouns I You Henry She The baby
hurt
myself, yourself. himself. herself, itself.
We You They
enjoyed
ourselves. yourselves. themselves.
UNIT 21
Note: Observe the two uses of the Reflexive Pronouns. 1. The young people enjoyed themselves at the party. 2. They did their homework themselves. (The teacher didn't help them) TO MAKE A TELEPHONE CALL IN BRITAIN
i
1 Have money ready (You need 5 p or 10 p coins) 2 Lift the receiver 3 Wait for the dialling tone 4 Dial the number you want to call 5 Wait for the ringing tone 6 When the number answers, press the coin in the slot 7 Start speaking 8 When you hear the pips signal, put in some more coins and go on speaking I.
Add the correct form of the Reflexive Pronoun. Example: He fell down and hurt .... He fell down and hurt himself. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
II.
I was was at a party party yesterday yesterday and enjoyed ..... ............ They dressed ............ ......... ... in ten minutes. She wasn't careful and hurt ............... .......... ..... Can that little boy wash ............... ? You should look after ...................... .......... ............ We often talk about ....................... ............. .......... Ivan and Henry enjoyed enj oyed .................... .......... .......... at the party yesterday. She often looks at ...................... ........... ........... in the window. Do you often talk about ..................... .................... . ? I went shopping and bought .................. ........... ....... a nice dress. He fell down but he didn't hurt ...................... ........... ............. .. The baby was too small to dress ....................... ............. .......... You should buy ....................... ............ ............... .... a new evening dress. Pat should look after ............................ ..................... .......
Answer using the reflexive pronouns. Example: Did Pat help Henry wash the car? No, he washed it himself. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
Did the teacher help you do your homework? Did Pat help Mrs Johnson make the cake? Did Henry help Ivan carry his suitcase? Did the parents help their baby eat its i ts lunch? Did you help me correct your homework? Did the waiter help Henry and Ivan choose the wine? Did the clerk help Ivan make the phone call?
8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. III.
Match each verb under A with the right expression under B and and put them in the right order to give instructions about making a telephone call. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
IV.
Did the policeman help the dog cross the road? Did Jane help Margaret wash her hair? Did your boss help hel p you finish your work? wor k? Did Di d you help me clean the blackboard? Did the teacher help the students do the exercise? Did the receptionist help Ivan find his room? Did Di d I help you answer an swer these questions?
A Dial Start Have Press Go on Put in Lift Wait for
a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h)
B speaking the dialing tone the receiver speaking money ready the number you want to call the coin in the slot some more coins
Questions a) 1. Why did Ivan go to the post-office? 2. Who did he ring up? 3. Why couldn't he come back to London as he promised Jane? 4. What happened to him while he was going home from the party? 5. What did he buy at the post-office? 6. How much did he pay?
b) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Where can you find a telephone box? Is there a telephone box near your home? Where do you go when you want to send a telegram? Where do you go when you want to post an air-mail letter? You've just written a letter to a friend. f riend. What must you do before you post it? 6. What is a letter-box?
V.
Put in the right Reflexive Pronoun. 1. 2. 3. 4.
He never never talks talks abo about ut ...... ............ ............ ........ She looked at .............. in the window. window. Her children always dress .................. We W e enjoyed.................. enjoyed.................. at the party party but our friends friends didn't enjoy ................. 5. Do you you ever ever wash wash ................... with cold water? 6. The baby fell down and hurt ....................... .......... ....................... ............ .. .
UNIT 21
VI.
Put in the right form of the pronouns. Example: I told (he) I could do it (I). 1 told him I could do it myself. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
I met (she) (s he) in the street with (she) (s he) husband. He told (I) the name of (he) factory. (She) children always dress (they). When (we) car stopped we hurt (we). Don't let (she) do all (you) work. I helped (they) do (they) homework and the teacher corrected (it).
.
VII. Here is Ivan's postcard to Jane. The sentences are in the wrong order. Put them into the right order and then write down the correct text of the postcard. 1. Love, Ivan 2. it is raining just now. 3. I'm looking forward to seeing you on Sunday. 4. My dear Jane, 5. I am really sorry you couldn't be there with me. 6. The weather weather is bad and 7. Thursday, 10th June 8. The party yesterday was very nice and 9. I'm writing this postcard at the post-office. 10. Are you still angry with me? VIII. Open Dialogue John: ...................................................................... ? Mary: Mary Green speaking. John: ....................................................................... Mary: I’m also glad to hear you. Where are you?
:
John: ................................................... Mary: When are you coming back? John: ..................................................... Mary: See you next Sunday then. Bye-bye. And thank you for calling. IX.
Giving instructions. instructions. Write down instructions how to make a phone call from a telephone box in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
X.
The New Baby -.
»Aunt Mary has a new baby«, a mother told her small daughter. »Oh?! What was wrong with the old one?« asked the little girl.
UNIT 22
HENRY’S FUTURE PLANS Reading Language focus
OVERVIEW
Future plans of Henry Simple Future Tense Indefinite Pronouns
Exercising READING
A
B
C
Henry will finish his studies next year and will look for a job. When he finds it, he won't stay in London with his parents any longer. He plans to get a small flat and start a new life. He may even get married. He has decided to do some practical work this summer. He wants to learn something about the work in a factory. Today Henry has an appointment with Mr Brown, the manager of a big factory near Oxford. They make cars and sell them in Britain and abroad. Mr Brown will advise Henry about his future job and they will discuss some technical problems. Then Henry will go round the factory to see the most important parts of it. Mr Brown: Henry: Mr Brown: Henry: Mr Brown: Henry: Mr Brown: Henry: Mr Brown:
LANGUAGE FOCUS
Come in, young man. I'll be with you in a moment. Won't you sit down? Thank you. (After a few moments) So you'd like to work here? Oh, yes. Is there anything I could do in your factory? We'll find something for you. Do you know anything about cars? Well, almost nothing but I know quite a lot about engines. That's fine. I think you will like our factory. And we shall be happy to have someone young here during the summer. Thank you. When shall I start? Next Monday if it suits you. And now I'll call somebody to take you round the factory.
Simple Future Tense Positive Sentences I We You Henry He She They Questions Shall Will
shall/will (‘ll) go to the cinema will (‘ll)
I we you he
tomorrow.
be at home
later.
have some coffee
this evening.
open the window? stay at home?
UNIT 22
Negative Sentences I We You Henry He She They
Shall (shan‘t) stay at home. will not (won‘t)
Simple Future = shall/will + Infinitive without “to” Shall in Suggestions
Will in Requests
Shall we go out tonight? (= Let's go out tonight.)
Will you open the door, please? Will you lift this suitcase for me? (= Open the door, please.) (= Lift this suitcase, please.) j
»Shall we« is used to suggest something.
We use »will« when asking someone to do something.
Indefinite Pronouns Questions anything anybody anyone
Is there
in the room?
Positive Sentences something somebody There is someone
in the room.
Negative Sentences anything There isn't anybody anyone nothing nobody no one
There is
in the room.
Note 1: Use somewhere, anywhere, nowhere in the same way. Note 2: Something, anything, nothing, somebody, anybody, nobody, etc. are pronouns. They stand instead of nouns and you must never use them with nouns. Use some, any, no with nouns. something There is in the cup. some tea is somebody There
in the garden, are some women
UNIT 22
EXERCISING
I.
Answer these questions using the Simple Future Tense. Example: When will they do it? They'll do it tomorrow. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
II.
When will he come? When will she help us? When will they be here? When will you finish it? When will your luggage come? When will she go abroad? When will they arrive? When shall we meet them? When will he ring us up? When will he leave Banja Luka? When shall we go out? When will you write to Pat? When will you show me London? When will you see John?
Use »will« to ask someone to do something for you. Example: Open the door, please. Will you open the door, please? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
III.
buy some wine lend me that book shut the window wash the dishes show me the way help me with my work drive
8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
get the cinema tickets lift this heavy suitcase clean the bathroom do this exercise ring me up make your bed post this letter
Use »shall« to suggest something to somebody. Example: Let's go for a walk Shall ice go for a walk? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
Let's meet at 7.30. Let's have a drink. Let's go to the cinema. Let's open this bottle. Let's go to that party. Let's do our homework. Let's make some tea. Let's go out tonight. Let's invite Ivan to dinner. Let's have dinner in town. Let's go to the library. Let's buy some new clothes. Let's post these letters. Let's sit on the grass.
UNIT 22
IV.
Use indefinite pronouns instead of »some + noun«. Example: There is some milk in the cup. There is something in the cup. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
V.
There is some bread on the table. There are some children in the garden. There are some women in the car. There is some sugar in the cup. There is some fish in the plate. There are some girls at the corner. There is some flour in the box. There is some water in the glass. There are some clothes on the chair. There are some people in the room. There is some beer in the bottle. There are some books under the desk. There is some food on the table. There are some men in the compartment.
Answer in the negative. .Example: Is anyone coming? No, no one is coming. 1. Does anyone know the answer? 2. Can anybody do it? 3. Is there anything new? 4. Does anyone speak English? 5. Is anybody at home? 6. Has anyone finished the test yet? 7. Did anything happen yesterday? 8. Is there anything under the table? 9. Can anyone help me? 10. Have you got anything in your hand? 11. Was anyone at home yesterday? 12. Is anybody coming to dinner? 13. Is there anything to eat? 14. Has anybody booked the tickets?
HOME
VI.
Questions a) 1. When will Henry finish his studies? 2. Where would he like to work? 3. What has he decided to do this summer? 4. Why does he want to see Mr Brown? 5. What will Mr Brown show Henry? 6. What will they discuss? b) 1. When will you finish this English course? 2. Would you like to visit England this summer? 3. Which is the biggest car factory in our country? 4. Do you know anything about car engines? 5. What do you discuss at your business appointments? 6. Are your business appointments usually long?
UNIT 22
VII. Pat and Mary are going to have a holiday in the country. a) Write sentences in the Simple Future Tense saying what they will do. Example: They will have a holiday in the country. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
travel by train stay with some friends not do any work for a week get up late every morning walk in the fields and woods send picture postcards to their friends
b) Now Pat is telling Ivan what they did in the country. Write what she says.
.
Example: We had a holiday in the country ... VIII. Make questions to these answers. Example: Yes, there is something in the plate. Is there anything in the plate? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. IX.
Yes, I've got something in my bag. Yes, there is something to eat in the kitchen. Yes, there is someone in the bathroom. Yes, we can show you something interesting. Yes, I can see someone in the garden. Yes, I met somebody in the street.
Answer using »nobody«, »no one«, »nothing«, »nowhere«. Example: What do you want to buy? Nothing. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
X.
Who do you want to see? Where are you going? What would you like to eat? What did you tell him? Who has asked you to come?
.
Choose the right tense Simple Present, Simple Future or Past Simple). 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
They (visit) as last week. Henry (be) 23 next March. Ivan (write) to his mother every week. The train (arrive) in 5 minutes. (Go) we to the theatre? The manager always (discuss) problems with the workers. We (buy) a new ear last month. You (show) me the way, please?
UNIT 23
AT THE BANK Reading Language focus Exercising
OVERVIEW
READING
A
B
At the bank Past and Future Tenses of Must
Mrs Brown has four small children. She doesn't go out very often because she can't leave her children alone in the house. When she wants to go out she has to find a babysitter. One day she needed some money and as she didn't have enough at home she had to go to the bank. She couldn't find a babysitter so she had to take all her children with her. It was very quiet inside the bank but Mrs Brown's children were naughty and noisy. Mrs Brown was angry and she shouted at them: »Stand against the wall and don't move!«. All the people in the bank stopped talking. They thought it was a bank robbery. Ivan at the bank Ivan: I'd like to change some foreign money. Could you . . . ? Bank Clerk: Sorry, we are just closing. You'll have to go to the next window. Ivan: (At the next window) I have some Yugoslav dinars. Will you please change them for me? Bank Clerk: How many Yugoslav dinars do you wish to change? Ivan: What's the rate of exchange for Yugoslav dinars? Bank Clerk: I think it's very favourable at the moment. Ivan: I'll change 4000 dinars then.
LANGUAGE FOCUS
Past and Future Tenses of Must Must has no past and future forms so we use the Past Tense and the Future Tense of »have to« instead. Positive Sentences They must work hard today. They have to work hard every day. They had to work hard yesterday. They'll have to work hard tomorrow. Negative Sentences They needn't work hard on Sunday. They don't have to work on Sundays. They didn't have to work last Sunday. They won't have to work next "week. Past Tense of Must They
had to didn't have to
Did Yes, they did.
they
work hard stay at home have to
yesterday, last week. work hard
No, they didn’t.
last week?
UNIT 23
EXERCISING
I.
Answer using the »will have to« form. Example: Must we do it today? No, but we'll have to do it tomorrow. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
II.
Must we go there today? Must we learn English today? Must we go shopping today? Must we write those letters today? Must we. wash all the clothes today? Must we do this exercise today? Must we clean the house today? Must we see the doctor today? Must we go to the bank today? Must we finish all the work today? Must we go to work today? Must we pack our luggage today? Must we post this letter today? Must we make the booking today?
Answer in the negative using the “didn't have to” form. Example: We must get up at 6 tomorrow. But we didn't have to get up at 6 yesterday. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
HOME
III.
We must do three exercises today. We must wash the dishes after dinner. We must work hard this week. We must go to the lab today. We must clean our shoes today. We must work late today. We must go to the factory today. We must do a lot of homework today. We must work on Saturdays this year. We must stay in Banja Luka this summer. We must work in the field this week. We must start work at 6 tomorrow. We must go to bed early today. We must work in the garden today.
Choose the right answer (Part A). 1. Mrs Brown doesn't go out very often because her children a) don't like staying at home. b) don't like babysitting. c) can't look after themselves. 2. Mrs Brown ............... leaves the children without a babysitter. a) sometimes b) never c) often
UNIT 23
3. One day Mrs Brown a) had too much money. b) had no money. c) had only a little money. 4. She took her children with her to the bank .............. she couldn't find a babysitter. a) so b) because c) and 5. The children were a) very good. b) very quiet. c) very naughty, 6. The people at the bank .............. . that Mrs Brown was talking to her children. a) didn't know b) knew c) thought IV.
Answer these questions using “had to”. Example: Did you stay at home on Monday? No, I had to go to my office. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
V.
Did Did Did Did Did Did
you go to the cinema last night? you sleep late on Friday? you come to your office at nine? you go for a walk this morning? you work in the garden yesterday? you go anywhere last weekend?
Use the Future or the Past Tense. Example: We (must) work hard next month. We'll have to work hard next month. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
He was sick and (must) stay in bed. It is very cold so we (must) put on our heavy coats tomorrow. Henry (have) no money so he (must) go to the bank. She (not go) out yesterday so she (not must) look for a baby sitter. She (must) change some money because she (buy) many things yesterday. We (not must) do it last week but we (must) do it next week.
UNIT 23
VI.
Complete the conversation between A and B. Example: A: ........................ B: I'd rather watch TV. A: Shall we listen to the radio? B: I'd rather watch TV. A: B: A: B: A:
......................... I'd rather go to the theatre. ......................... I'd rather eat at home. Shall we have a drink at a pub?
B: ......................... A: Shall we go out at all? B:
........ ........
VII. Write 3 sentences about what you had/didn't have to do last week and 3 sentences about what you will/won't have to do tomorrow or next week. VIII. Still Not Perfect A small schoolboy often wrote »I have went« instead of »I have gone«. One day his teacher said: »Stay at school this afternoon and write 'I have gone' a hundred times. Then you will remember it.« When the teacher came back he found a letter on his desk. The small boy wrote: Dear Sir, I have wrote »I have gone« a hundred times, and now I have went home«. Jim Stone
UNIT 24
HOLIDAYS Reading Language focus
OVERVIEW
Holidays Conditional Sentences Seasons
Exercising READING
A
Jane and Ivan are sitting on a bench in Hyde Park Ivan: Jane: Ivan: Jane:
B
Ivan: Jane: Ivan: Jane: Ivan: Jane: Ivan:
Jane:
Do you know, Jane, I've been in England for five months? And now it's almost time to go back home. Oh, is it already? Are you leaving soon? If I get the reservation, I'll fly to Banja Luka in a fortnight. It's a pity you can't stay in Britain longer. We could go mountain climbing in autumn or even skiing in winter. I'd love that but I have to go back home. Still, I'll come to England again next spring if I earn enough money. What about your summer holidays? Have you made any plans yet? Well, I shan't stay in Banja Luka very long. I'll go to the seaside as soon as possible. You see, my parents live at Neum, a small town on the south coast. Will you spend the summer there? It depends. I'll stay there until September if the weather is fine. I've heard a lot about your beautiful country. I plan to go there next year if I save enough money. If you visit Bosnia and Herzegovina, come and stay with us at Neum. I'm sure you'll like it. The sea is warm, there is plenty of sunshine so you can swim or lie on the beach all day long. I'm very sorry you can't come to Bosnia and Herzegovina this year. I'll miss you very much, Jane. I'll miss you. too.
Conditional Sentences (Probable Condition) LANGUAGE FOCUS
Main Clause Ivan will come to England You can earn a lot of money Work hard FUTURE PRESENT IMPERATIVE
If Clause if he earns enough money. if you work hard. if you want to earn more money.
PRESENT
UNIT 24
We use »if« when we are not sure that something will happen. Ivan will come to England if he earns enough money but he won't come to England if he doesn't earn enough. Note: Jane will go to Bosnia and Herzegovina if she saves enough money. If Jane saves enough money, she will go to Bosnia and Herzegovina. The if clause can stand before or after the main clause. We use a comma only when the if clause comes before the main clause.
Seasons There are four seasons in a year: spring summer autumn winter I. Complete these sentences. Example: go with you:
If I finish my work,... If I finish my work, I'll go with you.
If I finish my work, 1. watch TV 2. go shopping 3. go to the cinema 4. write that letter 5. visit my friends 6. work in the garden 7. wash the car II.
8. go for a walk 9. help my wife 10. study English 11. play with my children 12. cook a big dinner 13. post that letter 14. make a cake
Make conditional sentences. Example: get married I finish his studies Henry will get married if he finishes his studies. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
have a cup of coffee / have time go out tonight / finish my work visit Bosnia and Herzegovina next summer / save enough money buy many things / go shopping tomorrow stay at home / rain on Saturday go to the theatre next week / get the tickets hurt yourself / fall down post that letter / go to the post-office tomorrow write a dictation / have enough time cook a big dinner / have guests next Sunday fly to London / get the reservation come to Britain next spring / earn enough money go to the bank / need some money have a nice holiday / go to Prijedor
UNIT 24
III.
Make these conditional sentences negative. Example: If he goes, I'll go. If he doesn't go, I won't go. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
IV.
If it rains, we'll stay at home. She'll do the work if she has enough time. We'll go for an outing if it is warm. If he works hard, he'll earn enough money. He'll buy that suit, if he can borrow ten pounds. If the weather is fine, we'll have a picnic. They'll go to the cinema if they get the tickets. She'll go to the seaside if she saves enough money. If it is cold, we'll put on our coats. The teacher will be satisfied if we do our homework. If you help me, I'll do it. I'll buy that car if it is cheap. If you make the sandwiches, I’ll make a cake. We'll go to the beach if it is hot.
Pair Work a) Ask the student sitting next to you about his/her last holiday. Example: Where did you go? What did you do? What was the weather like? etc. b) Tell the class about it. Example: Mr/Mrs A spent his/her holiday at the seaside...
V.
Questions
.
a) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
How long has Ivan been in England? Will he fly back to Banja Luka? Why can't ho stay in England longer? Where will Ivan spend his summer holidays? How long will he stay on the coast? When will Jane visit Bosnia and Herzegovina?
b)
Have you made any plans for your summer holidays yet? When do you usually so on holiday? Where will you go this summer? How long will you stay there? Will you stay longer if the weather is fine? Describe the place where you spent your holidays last summer.
VI.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Put in the right tense. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
If the weather is fine tomorrow, we (go) for a walk. Many people (swim) in the sea if it is warm enough. If he doesn't get up at 6, he (be) late. We'll stay at home if it (rain). If you don't hurry, you (miss) the train. If you have time, (come) to see me.
UNIT 24
VII. Make conditional sentences. Example: Perhaps he'll come. Then I'll meet him. If he comes, I'll meet him. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Perhaps the weather will be fine. Then we'll have a picnic. Perhaps he'll save enough money. Then he'll go abroad. Perhaps it won't rain today. Then you can go to the beach. Perhaps she'll invite us to dinner. Then we'll bring some wine. Perhaps it'll rain tomorrow. Then we'll put on our raincoats. Perhaps they'll lend me some money. Then I'll buy that dress.
VIII. Finish these sentences. Example: If you are late,... if you are late, you'll miss your bus. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. IX.
If it is cold tomorrow, ................. The teacher will be angry if .................... If Jane saves enough money,................... You can swim in the sea if ..................... If I finish my work, ...................... If the students have enough time, .................
Jane is reading a brochure about Bosnia and Herzegovina. a) Say what Jane will do if she has a holiday in Bosnia and Herzegovina. "Welcome to Bosnia and Herzegovina. Why not have a holiday in Bosnia and Herzegovina this summer? You can stay in a comfortable hotel, swim in the clear, blue sea, lie on the beach under the hot sun, dance in a disco every night. Enjoy well known Yugoslav dishes and excellent wines. Visit old castles and beautiful little seaside towns. Have the holiday of your life this summer.« b) What will you do if
1 2 3 4
you go to the seaside you go to the mountains you go abroad you stay at home
this summer?
UNIT 25
BUYING PRESENTS OVERVIEW
Reading Language focus Exercising
READING
A
Oxford Street is the most popular shopping street in London. It's very wide. There are many department stores with beautiful shop windows on both sides of the street.
B
Jane, Margaret and Ivan in a big department store
Buying presents Conditional Sentences - Unless
What would you like to buy, Ivan? Well, I want a few things for myself and a pullover or a tartan skirt for my sister. But I can't choose the right things unless you help me. Jane: Of course, that's why we are here. What do you want to buy for yourself? Ivan: I only need a pair of trousers and some T-shirts. Margaret: O.K. Let's go to the men's department first. Jane: Ivan:
In the men's department
C
Shop assistant: Ivan: Shop assistant: Jane: Ivan: Shop assistant:
LANGUAGE FOCUS
Ivan: Jane: Ivan: Shop assistant: Ivan: Shop assistant: Margaret:
Yes, sir? Can I help you? I'd like to see those blue jeans you have in the window. I'm sorry, sir, but we haven't got any large sizes at the moment Why don't you get yourself something typically British, Ivan? Look, that jacket over there is really nice. And tweed wears so well. You're right, Jane. It does look very smart. And it's very good quality, too. Would you like to try it on? What size do you take, sir? Size 52, I think. (A few minutes later) Oh, it fits you very well. Yes, it does, doesn't it? I think I'll take it. Very good. sir. Would you like anything else? No, thank you. Here's your bill. You can pay at the cash desk over there. And now let's go ‘to the ladies' fashions. We won't get anything unless we hurry.
Conditional Sentences - Unless You won't arrive on time
EXERCISING
I.
unless ou hurr . if you don’t hurry.
Use »unless« instead of »-if« and make the necessary changes. Example: We won't get anything if we don't hurry. You're right. We won't get anything unless we hurry. 1. Ivan can't fly home if he doesn't get the reservation.^ 2. She won't come if you don't invite her.
UNIT 25
3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. II.
They won't catch the train if they don't hurry. We won't finish this exercise if the teacher doesn't help us. I can't make a cake if I don't get any chocolate. Henry won't find a job if he doesn't finish his studies. The Cabots won't come if it doesn't stop raining. „ You won't buy a new car if you don't earn enough money. Pat can't go out if she doesn't do her homework first. He will be sick if he doesn't stop drinking. Ivan won't go to the cinema if Jane doesn't come with him. We won't travel to London if we don't save enough money. They won't go to the beach if the weather isn't nice. Ivan won't buy the jeans if they aren't his size.
Make sentences using »unless«. Example: find Victoria Street I ask the policeman Ivan can't/won't find Victoria Street unless he asks the policeman. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
HOME
III.
Visit Bosnia and Herzegovina / save enough money go swimming / stop raining have a drink / the pub is open buy a pullover / know the size get on the train / have a reservation come to the party / invite them catch the train / hurry do this exercise / have enough time get a job / speak English go out tonight / finish my work earn much money / work hard be satisfied / the play is very good visit the Johnsons / feel well go to the cinema / get the tickets
Questions
a) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. b) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Which is the most popular shopping street in London? What can we see there? What did Ivan want to buy in a big department store? What did he buy in the men's department? Why did they go to the ladies' fashions? Who helped Ivan buy the presents.
Which is the most popular shopping street in your town? What kind of shops can you find there? What is a department store? Which is the biggest department store in your town? Where do you go if you want to buy a new coat? Which shop will you go to if you want to buy a pair of shoes?
UNIT 25
IV.
You have found this item in your daily newspaper. You want to go shopping to that department store. Ask your friend as many questions as you can to get all the information about CAPITAL. Everybody's Everyday Store CAPITAL Oxford Street W.I This great and well-known department store has a wide selection of items and offers the best value for your money. The prices are the best in town. Here you will find everything you need: the Man's Shop, the Fashion Floor, the Food Store, restaurants, the House and Garden Department and many other services. Hours of opening: Monday to Friday 8.30 a.m. to 5.00 p.m., Thursday: 9.00 a.m. to 7.30 p.m. Many visitors to London from all parts of Britain and Europe come to CAPITAL because it is certainly the best place to shop in London.«
V.
Make conditional sentences matching the words from A with those from B Example: train ticket I the booking office If I /can/ to get/buy/reserve/have a train ticket, I'll go to the booking office. 1 2 3 4 5 6
VI.
A a plane ticket dinner a packet of tea an evening dress a suit a cup of coffee
a b c d e f
B a restaurant the JAT office a coffee bar the grocery store the Ladies' fashions the Man's Shop
Put the verb in brackets in the correct form. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
If you (see) Henry, (tell) him to ring me up. The Johnsons (not go) to the theatre unless they (get) the tickets. Unless you (help) me, I (not finish) my work. Pat (go) to Hyde Park if the weather (be) nice tomorrow. You (be) sick unless you (stop) smoking. If we (do) this exercise well, the teacher (be) satisfied.
VII. You are planning to go on holiday with a friend. You are telling him/her what you will do if you go on holiday together. Start with: If we go to the seaside, we ......................
UNIT 25
VIII. Open Dialogue (Ivan is buying a coat) Shop assistant: Can I help you, sir? Ivan: ........................................................... Shop assistant: What colour would you like? Ivan: ................................. Shop assistant: I don't know if we have the brown coat in your size. What size do you take? Ivan: .................................. Shop assistant: You are lucky. We've got just one brown coat in your size. Ivan: ...................................................... ? Shop assistant: Yes, of course. Is it all right? Ivan: .............................. Shop assistant: Yes. it looks very nice. Ivan: ...: ......................... ? Shop assistant: It's twenty-two pounds. Ivan: IX.
.....................................................
A New Dress Mrs Brown went into a store and asked: »May I try on that dress in the window?« »Well«, said the shop assistant, »don't you think you'd better try it on inside the shop?«
UNIT 25
AT THE AIRPORT OVERVIEW
Reading Exercising
READING
A
Ivan has spent five months in London and is now going back home to Bosnia and Herzegovina. The Johnsons and the Cabots have driven him to the Air Terminal and Henry, Margaret and Jane have come to the airport to see him off.
B
At the check-in desk Ivan: Clerk: Ivan: Clerk: Ivan:
C
Is this where I check in for the BA flight to Banja Luka? Yes, that's right. May I have your ticket? And your bags, please. Put them on the scales. Here they are. I'll keep the small bag as hand baggage. That's all right. Here is your boarding pass. It's BA Flight 450. Gate Number 2. Thank you.
In the passenger lounge Ivan: Henry: Margaret: Jane: Henry: Margaret: Ivan:
D
Buying presents
What a crowd! No wonder. Heathrow is the largest airport in Britain. Besides, it's holiday time now. You were lucky to get a seat on this plane. Many British people are going to the Adriatic this summer. I'd like to so there too. but I ran't afford it this I think they're announcing your flight, Ivan. It's BA Flight 450 leaving for Banja Luka and Belgrade, isn't it? Gate Number 2. Get your boarding pass and your passport ready. I don't think you'll have enough time to look round the duty-free shop. Oh, what a pity! I wanted to buy some Scotch whisky.
Saying goodbye Ivan: Jane: Ivan: Margaret: Henry: Ivan:
Well, I'd better say goodbye now. Oh, I'm so sorry you're leaving, Ivan. Please, don't cry Jane. I'm sure we'll meet again soon. I hate saying goodbye. It's so sad. Have a nice trip, Ivan, and write as soon as you arrive home. I will. Goodbye now and thanks for everything.
UNIT 26
EXERCISING
I.
Tell me what I'd better do in the following situations. Example: I'm not feeling well. You'd better call a doctor. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
II.
Use the right phrases as answers to the following. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
HOME
III.
I've got to post some letters. There is an interesting programme on TV tonight. I must buy a train ticket. It's very cold today. I have to start work earlier today. I'd like to book my summer holidays. It's too hot in this room. This tea isn't sweet enough. I'm very tired. There isn't any food in the house. I haven't got enough money. I'd like to buy some nice clothes. I'm not sure these jeans are my size. They are announcing my flight.
How do you do? You're ten minutes late. Would you like a cup of coffee? May I see your passport? Have a good journey. Sorry I'm late. Thank you very much. How are you? Is this seat taken? Can I help you? Put your bags on the scales. Hallo, can I speak to .......... ......... ? The fare is 90 p. Would you like to have dinner with us tonight?
Questions a) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Where is Ivan going? Why have Henry, Margaret and Jane come to the airport? Where must he check in for his flight to Banja Luka? What must Ivan have ready before boarding the plane? Why can't he look round the duty-free shop? Where has Ivan invited his friends to come next year?
b) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Where is the Air Terminal in Banja Luka? . Which is the largest airport in Britain? And in Bosnia and Herzegovina? Have you ever travelled by air? Describe your flight. What is a duty-free shop? Why do many people fly? When do we say »Have a nice trip«?
UNIT 26
IV.
Put in the missing words. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
V.
Ivan was leaving so his friends came to the airport to ........... him ............. He checked his baggage at the ....................... desk. He kept a small bag as ........................... . When they announced his ..................... he had to go to............Number 2. The airport coaches leave from the ................... in town. You can get whisky cheaper at the ...........................................
The sentences in the following passage are in the wrong order. Put them into the right order and use »and« or »when« to join the sentences where possible. Suggest a suitable heading for the passage. He went to Gate Number 2. He kept a small bag as hand baggage. The clerk gave him his boarding pass. Ivan went to the check-in desk. He got his boarding pass and passport ready. They announced his flight. He showed his ticket to the clerk. He waited in the passenger lounge with his friends. He put his bags on the scales. He said goodbye to his friends. HEADING: ................................................
VI.
At the Airport
1. Announce the first flight. (This is a Lufthansa flight.) 2. Answer these questions about the third flight: a. What time is Flight AF 729? b. Where is Flight AF 729 going to? c. Which gate is it leaving from? 3. There is a group of schoolchildren waiting at Gate Three and a large group of tourists at Gate Eleven. Say where they are going and give details about their flights. 4. An old lady who can't see very well is flying to Athens. Give her information about her flight.
DODATAK THE ENGLISH ALPHABET A B
/ei/ /bi:/
J K
/dYei/ /kei/
S T
/es/ /ti:/
C
/si:/
L
/el/
U
/ju:/
D
/di:/
M
/em/
V
/vi:/
E
/i:/
N
/en/
W /'d Ublju:/
F
/ef/
O
/ ?u/
X
/eks/
G
/dYi:/
P
/pi:/
Y
/wai/
H
/eitR /
Q
/kju:/
Z
/zed/
I
/ai/
R
/a:/
GLASOVI U ENGLESKOM JEZIKU (The Sounds in English) Broj glasova u engleskom jeziku ve ći je od broja slova u abecedi. Da bi se izgovor tih glasova predstavio pismom služimo se fonetskim alfabetom Me đunarodnog fonetskog društva (International Phonetic Association). Ovdje ćemo objasniti izgovor engleskih glasova koji se razlikuju od naših glasova ili znakova latinske abecede. Primjedba:
Dvotačka (:) iza vokala uvijek ozna čava dužinu. Akcent (') označava da je sljede ći slog naglašen.
DODATAK Vokali (Vowels) i: Izgovara se kao dugi glas »i« u riječi »zima«.
key /ki:/, he /hi:/, street /stri:t/
i
Ovaj glas ne postoji u našem jeziku. To je kratak i nejasan glas, a izgovara se tako da se usta namjeste za nas glas »e«, a izgovara se »i«.
it /it/, is /iz/, fish /fiR /, kitchen /'kitRin/
e
Izgovara se nešto zatvorenije od naseg »e«.
pen /pen/, yes /jes/
z
Vrlo otvoren engleski glas, izme đu naseg »e« i »a«. Usta se jako otvore, kao za naš glas »a«.
bag /bzg/, hand /hznd/, lamp /lzmp/, man /mzn/
a:
Dug i dubok glas. Razlikuje se od našeg »a« u riječi »tada« po tome što je duži i dublji.
car /ka:/, arm /a:m/, glass /gla:s/, are /a:/
U
Vrlo kratak glas »a«. Kra ći je i zatvoreniji od našeg nenaglašenog »a«, npr. u riječi »žaba«.
bus /bUs/, cup /k Up/, brush /brUR /, up / Up/
N:
Dug, zaokružen glas »o«. Sličan je našem dugom »o«, ali je otvoreniji.
door /dN:/, your /jN:/, fork /fN:k/, or / N:/
N
Vrlo otvoren, kratak glas »o«. Usta su otvorena, a usne su malo zaokružene.
John /dYNn/, dog /d Ng/, box /bNks/, not /nNt/
u:
Dugi glas »u«. Sli čan glasu »u« u riječi »ruka«.
u
Kratak glas »u«. Usnice su labave i malo zaokružene. Sli čan je glasu »u« u riječi »udaviti«.
two /t:/, shoe / Ru:/, spoon /spu:n/, who /hu:/ book /buk/, foot /fut/, room /rum/, good /gud/
DODATAK ?:
Ovaj glas ne postoji u našem je- girl Ig ?:ll, her /h?:/, ziku. Usne se postave kao za /i:/, a shirt I R?:t I, jezik se spusti tako da vrh jezika work /w?:k/ pritišće donje prednje zube. Usne nisu zaokružene.
?
Odgovara otprilike glasu /a:/, samo je vrlo kratak i dolazi samo u nenaglašenim slogovima i rije čima.
Dvoglasi (Diphthongs) ei Odgovara otprilike našim glasovima u poviku »hej«.
doctor /'dNkt? /, woman /'wuman/, the / C? /, a / ? /
table /’teibl/, May /mei/, eight /eit/, baby /'beibi/
ai
Odgovara otprilike našim glasovima u riječi »zmaj«.
I /ai/, knife /naif/, child /tRaild/, my /mai/
Ni
Prvi dio diftonga otvoren je kao i engleski glas / N /.
boy /bNi/, coin /kNin/, toy /tNi/
au
Odgovara otprilike našim glasovima u riječi »auto«.
how /hau/ house /haus/, now /nau/, brown /braun/
?u
Usne treba da su zaokružene i home /h?um/, ispupčene. Počinje se izgovorom go /g?u/, no /n?u/, glasa / ? / pa se prelazi na / ?u/. open /'?upn/
i?
Prvi dio diftonga je kratki /i/. Drugi dio je otvoreniji. Usnice i jezik su labavi.
here /hi? /, dear /di? /, beer /bi? /, ear /i? /
D?
Prvi dio diftonga je vrlo otvoren glas »e«.
chair /tjD? /, where /wD? /, hair /hD? /, Mary /'mD?ri/
u?
Prvi dio diftonga je kratki /u/. Usne su malo zaokružene u po četku izgovora, pa se onda naglo otvore.
sure / Ru? /, poor, /pu? /, Europe /'ju?r?p/
DODATAK Konsonanti (Consonants) p Razlikuje se od našeg glasa jer je aspiriran (popraćen slabim glasom »h«).
pen /pen/, pear /pD? /, paper /'peip? /
k
Razlikuje se od našeg glasa jer je aspiriran.
key /ki:/, coat /k?ut/, car /ka:/, fork /fNrk/
t
Izgovara se tako da se vrh jezika pritisne na zubni greben iza gornjih zubi. Glas je aspiriran.
table /'teibl/, two /tu:/, tree /tri:/, eight /eit/
d
Izgovara se na istom mjestu kao i engleski glas /t/.
door /dN:/, doctor /'dNkt? /, dress /dres/, dear /di? /
l
Odgovara našem glasu »l« ako stoji ispred vokala ili »j«.
love /IUV /, look /luk/,
Ispred ostalih konsonanata i na kraju riječi izgovara se »tamni l« (dark l). Jezik se podigne za izgovor glasa »u«, a izgovori se »l«.
apple / zpl/ bottle /'bNtl/
M
Ovaj glas ne postoji u nasem jeziku. Izgovara se kroz nos. Treba paziti da se iza njega ne izgovori glas »g« kad je napisan na kraju rije či. Otprilike odgovara glasu »n« u rije či »Anka«.
drink /driMk/, ring /riM /, building /'bildi M /, finger /'finM? /
r
Razlikuje se od našeg glasa »r« po tome što nije kotrljavo. Najlakše se pravilno izgovara tako da se zglob prsta stavi u usta i izgovori »ž«. R se ne izgovara na kraju riječi ispred konsonanata.
room /rum/, right /rait/, train /trein/, very /'veri/
w
Ne postoji kod nas. Izgovor po činje window /'wind?u/, glasom »u« i odmah se izgovara we /wi:/, slijedeći vokal. Treba paziti da se wall /wN:l/ ne izgovara »v« umjesto /w/.
DODATAK S
Ovaj glas ne postoji kod nas. Izgovara se tako da se vrh jezika stavi između zubi i izgovori »s«. Treba paziti da se ne izgovori »t«, »f« ili »s«.
mouth /mauS /, three / Sri:/, thing / SiM j/, tooth /tu:S /
C
Zvučni par glasa / S /. Ne postoji kod nas. Izgovara se tako da se vrh jezika stavi između zuba i izgovori »z«. Treba paziti da se ne izgovori »d«, »v« ili »z«.
this / Cis/, they / Cei/, their / CD? /, with /wiC /
R
Fonetski znak za »š«.
shirt / R?:t/, fish /fiR /, shoe / Ru:/
Y
Fonetski znak za »ž«.
Garage (’g zra: Y) pleasure /'pleY? /
tR
Fonetski znak za »č«.
child /tRaild/, watch /wNtR /
dY
Fonetski znak za »dž«.
John /d YNn/, bridge /bridY /
DODATAK
IRREGULAR VERBS Present
Past
Past Participle
be /bi:/ — biti
was, were /wNz, w?:/
been /bi:n/
bring /briM / — donijeti
brought /br N:t/
brought /brN:t/
build /bild/ — graditi
built /bilt/
built /bilt/
buy /bai/ — kupiti
bought /bN:t/
bought /bN:t/
can /kzn/ — mogu, možeš
could /kud/
-
catch /kztR / — uhvatiti
caught /k N:t/
caught /kN:t/
choose /tRu:z/ — birati
chose /tR?uz/
chosen /'tR?uzn/
come /kUm/ — doći
came /keim/
come /kUm/
do /du:/ — činiti
did /did/
done /dUn/
drink /driMk/ — piti
drank /drzMk/
drunk /drUMk/
drive /draiv/ — voziti
drove /dr?uv/
driven /'drivn/
eat /i:t/ — jesti
ate /et/
eaten /'i:tn/
fall /fN:l/ — pasti
fell /fel/
fallen /'fN:ln/
feei /fi:l/ — osjećati
felt /felt/
felt /felt/
find /faind/ — naći
found /faund/
found /faund/
fly /flai/ — letjeti
flew /flui/
flown /fl?un/
forget /f ?'get/ — zaboraviti
forgot /f ?'gNt/
forgotten /f ?'gNtn/
get /get/ — dobiti
got /gNt/
got /got/
give /giv/ — dati
gave /geiv/
given /'givn/
go /g?u/ — ići
went /went/
gone /gNn/
have /hzv/ — imati
had /hzd/
had /hzd/
hear /hi? / — čuti
heard /h?:d/
heard /h?:d/
hurt /h?:t/ — ozlijeđiti
hurt /h?:t/
hurt /h?:t/
keep /ki:p/ — držati
kept /kept/
kept /kept/
know /nau/ — znati
knew /nju:/
known /n?un/
learn /l ? :n/ — u č iti
learnt /l?:nt/
learnt /l?:nt/
learned /l?:nd/
learned /l?:nd/
leave /li:v/ -— napustiti
left /left/
left /left/
lend /lend/ — posuditi
lent /lent/
lent /lent/
DODATAK
IRREGULAR VERBS Present
Past
Past Participle
let /let/ — pustiti
let /let/
let /let/
lie /lai/ — ležati
lay /lei/
lain /lein/
lose /lu:z/ — izgubiti
lost /lNst/
lost /lNst/
make /meik/ — praviti
made /meid/
made /meid/
may /mei/ — smijem, smiješ...
might /mait/
—
meet /mi:t/ — sresti
met /met/
met /met/
must /mUst/ — moram, moraš.
had to /h zd t? /
pay /pei/ — platiti
paid /peid/
paid /peid/
put /put/ — staviti
put /put/
put /put/
read /ri:d/ — č itati
read /red/
read /red/
ring /riM / — zvoniti
rang /rzM /
rung /rUM /
run /r Un/ — tr čati
ran /rzn/
run /rUn/
say /sei/ — re ći
said /sed/
said /sed/
see /si:/ — vidjeti
saw /sN:/
seen /si:n/
sell /sel/ — prodavati
sold /s?uld/
sold /s?uld/
send /send/ — poslati
sent /sent/
sent /sent/
shine / R ain/ — sijati
shone / RNn/
shone / RNn/
show / R?u/ — pokazati
showed / R?ud/
shown / R?un/ showed / R?ud/
shut / RUt/ — zatvoriti
shut / RUt/
shut / RUt/
sit /sit/ — sjediti
sat /szt/
sat /szt/
sleep /sli:p/ — spavati
slept /slept/
slept /slept/
speak /spi:k/ — govoriti
spoke /sp?uk/
spoken /'sp?ukn/
spell /spel/ — sricati
spelt /spelt/ spelled /speld/
spelt /spelt/ spelled /speld/
spend /'spend/ — provesti, trošiti
spent /spent/
spent /spent/
stand /st znd/ — stajati
stood /stud/
stood /stud/
swim /swim/ — plivati
swam /swzm/
s\vum /swUm/
take /teik/ — uzeti
took /tuk/
taken /'teikn/
DODATAK
IRREGULAR VERBS Present
Past
Past Participle
teach /ti: R / — podučavati
taught /tN:t/
taught /tN:t/
tell /tel/ — re ći
told /t?uld/
told /t?uld/
think / SiMk/ — misliti
thought / SN:t/
thought / SN:t/
understand / Und?'st znd/ razumjeti
understood / Und?'stud/
understood / Und?'stud/
wear /wD? / — nositi write /rait/ — pisati
wore /wN:/ wrote /r?ut/
worn /wN:n/ written /'ritn/
A
DICTIONARY A a /ei/ — slovo u abecedi a /ei, /, an /æn, n/, 1 — neodre đeni član about / 'baut/, 6 — o, oko abroad / 'brN9d/, 22 — inostranstvo; u inostranstvu across / 'krNs/, 14 — preko action /'æk R n/, 17 — radnja, akcija actor /'ækt /, 13 — glumac add /æd/, 2 — dodati address / 'dres/, 8 — adresa adjective /'ædYiktiv/, 1 — pridjev Adriatic, the / $eidri'ætik/, 26 — Jadran adult /'ædUlt/, 6 — odrasla osoba; odrastao (in) advance /ind'va9ns/, 16 — unaprijed adverb /'ædv9b/, 6 — prilog, adverb advice / d'vais/, 16 — savjet advise / d'vaiz/, 22 — savjetovati afford / 'fN9d/, 26 — priuštiti si, dozvoliti si afraid / 'freid/, be afraid of, 12 — bojati se after /'a9ft /, 7 — poslije afternoon / $a9ft'nu9n/, 1 — poslije podne again / 'gen/, RI — opet, ponovo against / 'geinst/, 23 — prema, protiv against the wall — uza zid age /eidY /, 8 — dob, starost ago / 'gu/, 15 — prije, pred air / D /, 21 — vazduh airmail /'Dmeil/, 21 — vazdušna pošta airport /'DpN9t/, 26 — aerodrom air terminal /'D t9rminl/, 26 — poslovnica vazduhoplovne kompanije u gradu all / N9l/, 6 1, 2, — svi, sve; cijeli all day long, 13 — čitav dan all over /'N9l$uv /, 11 — svuda all right / N9l'rait/, 7 — u redu almost /'N9lmust/, 19 — gotovo, skoro alone / 'lun/, 23 — sam alphabet/'ælf bit/ — abeceda already / N9l'redi/, 8 — već also /'N9lsu/, 6 — tako đer always /'N9lwiz/, 6 — uvijek a.m. /'ei'em/, 7 — prije podne am /æm, m/, 1—jesam, sam America / 'merik /, 19 — Amerika American / 'merik n/, 13 — ameri čki and /ænd, nd, n/, 1 — i; a angry /'æMgri/, 21 — ljut
A- B
DICTIONARY Ann /æn/, 3 — žensko ime another / 'nUC /, 5 — još jedan, drugi announce/ 'nauns/, 26 — najaviti, objaviti answer /'a9ns /, 1 — odgovor; odgovoriti any /'eni/, 12 — ikoji, išta (u upitnim re čenicama); nikoji, ništa (u negativnim rečenicama) anybody /'enibNdy/, 22 — iko (u upitnim rečenicama); niko (u negativnim re čenicama) anyone /'eniwUn/, 22 — iko (u upitnim re čenicama); niko (u negativnim re čenicama) anything /'eni SiM /, 22 — išta (u upitnim rečenicama); ništa (u negativnim re čenicama) anywhere /'eniwD /, 22 — igdje (u upitnim re čenicama); nigdje (u negativnim rečenicama) apostrophe / 'pNstrfi/, 4 — apostrof apple /æpl/, 11 — jabuka appoimment / 'pNintmnt/, 6 — sastanak April /'eiprl/, 15 — april architect /'a9kitekt/, 3 — arhitekt are /a 9/, 1 — jesi, jesmo, jeste, jesu arm /a9m/, 5 — ruka armchair/'a9mt RD /, 2 — naslonjač around / 'raund/, 12 — okolo arrange / 'reindY /, 19 — urediti arrive / 'raiv/, 19 — sti ći article /'a9tikl/, 2 — član as /æz, z/, 11 — kao, kako, budu ći da, dok as...as, 11 — tako ... kao as soon as / z'su9nz/, 24 — čim as soon as possible / z'su9nz'pNsibl/, 24 — čim prije ask /a9sk/, 1 — pitati at /æt, t/, 2 — kod, u; na August /'N9gst/, 15 — august aunt /a9nt/, 21 — tetka autonomous province / N9'tNnms'prNvins/, 24 — autonomna pokrajina autumn /'N9tNm/, 24 — jesen B b /bi 9/ — slovo u abecedi BA /'bi9'ei/ — British Airways, 26 — britanska avionska kompanija baby /'beibi/, 9 — beba, malo dijete babysitter /'beibisit /, 23 — osoba koja čuva djecu back /bæk/, 13 — nazad; ozada bacon /'beikn/, 8 — slanina bad /bæd/, 11 — loš a bad cold, 12 — jaka prehlada bag /bæg/, 11 — torba baggage /'bægid Y /, 26 — prtljag bank /bæMk/, 23 — banka
B
DICTIONARY bar /ba 9/, 5 — šank, bar bathroom /'ba9Srum/, 8 — kupatilo be /bi 9/, was /wNz, wz/, were /w9, w /, been /bi9n/, 1 — biti be about /'bi 9 'baut/, 13 — biti o, raditi se o be back/'bi'bæk/, 5 — vratiti se be in /'bi9'in/, 8 — biti kod ku će be interested /'bi 9'intrstid/, 19 — zanimati se . be late /'bi 9'leit/, 10 — zakasniti be off/'bi9'Nf/, 19 — oti ći be on /'bi 9'Nn/, 13 — biti na programu be over /'bi9'uv /, 5 — završiti, proći be right /'bi 9'rait/, 12 — imati pravo be up /'bi 9'Up/, 8 — biti na nogama (budan) beach /bi9t R /, 24 — plaža beautiful /'bju9tifl/, 5 — krasan, lijep because /bi'k Nz/, 6 — jer bed /bed/, 2 — krevet bedroom /'bedrum/, 11 — spavaonica beef /bi9f/, 20 — govedina beer /bi /, 20 — pivo before /bi'f N9 /, 5, 7 — prije; ispred beg /beg/, 1 — moliti I beg your pardon /ai'begj 'pa9dn/, 1 — molim?, što ste rekli? behind /bi'haind/, 5 — iza Belgrade /bel'greid/, RI — Beograd bench /bent R /, 24 — klupa bcsides /bi'saidz/, 9 — osim toga, povrh toga best /best/, 16 — najbolji better /'bet /, 16 — bolji; I’d better, 16 — bolje bi bilo da... between /bi'twi9n/, 5 — između big /big/, 2 — velik Bill /bil/, 4 — muško ime bill /bil/, 20 — račun Birmingham /'b9miMm/, 11 —grad u Engleskoj birthday /'b9Sdei/, 14 — rođendan black /blæk/, 9 — crn blackboard /'blækbN9d/, 1 — školska tabla block /blNk/, 12 — blok (zgrada) blond /blNnd/, 5 — svjetao, blond blue /blu 9/, 5 — plav boarding pass /'b N9diM pa9s/, 26 — kupon za ulaz u avion body /'bNdi/, 5 — tijelo book /buk/, 1 — knjiga book /buk/, 16 — rezervisati booking /'buki M /, 19 — rezervacija booking-office /'buki M Nfis/, 16 — blagajna
.
B-C
DICTIONARY borrow /'bNru/, 17 — posuditi (od nekoga) Bosnia and Herzegovina /'b Nzni nd$hDtsgu'vi9n /, 24 — Bosna i Hercegovina boss /bNs/, R II — šef both /buS /, 25 — oba, obadva both... and, 25 — i ...i bottle /'bNtl/, 4 — boca box /bNks/, 2 — kutija boy /bNi/, 3 — dječak bracket /'brækit/, 8 — zagrada bread /bred/, 8 — hljeb break /breik/, 5 — odmor, pauza breakfast /'brekf st/, 8 — doru čak bridge /bridY /, 10 — most bring, brought, brought /bri M, brN9t, brN9t/, R II — donijeti, dovesti Bristol /'bristl/, 16 — grad u Engleskoj Britain /'britn/, 16 — Britanija British /'briti R /, 13 — britanski brother /'brUC /, 9 — brat brochure /'br u R u /, — 24 brošura, prospekt brown /braun/, 5 — smeđ brush /brUR / 8 — četka; četkati brush teeth, 8 — prati zube buffet car /'bufei ka 9/, 16 — bife u vozu build, built, built /bild, bilt, bilt/, 6 — graditi building /'bildi M /, 14 — zgrada bus /bUs/, 10 — autobus bus stop /'bUs'stNp/, 10 — autobuska stanica business /'biznis/, 6 — posao; poslovni busy /'bizi/, 6 — zaposlen but /bUt/, 2 — ali butter /'bUt /, 8 — maslac buy, bought, bought /bai, b N9t, bN9t/, 12 — kupiti by /bai/, 18 — do by the way /bai C'wei/, 21 — a propos, usput re čeno bye-bye / $bai'bai/, 7 — goodbye kolokvijalno C c /si 9/ — slovo u abecedi Cabot /'kæbt/, 1 — englesko prezime the Cabots / C'kæbts/, 3 — Cabotovi cafe /'kæfei/, R I — kafana cake /keik/, 8 — kola č call /kN9l/, R II — poziv call /kN9l/, 18 — zvati can, could /kæn, k n; kud, k d/, 5 — mogu, itd; mogao sam, mogao bih, itd.
C
DICTIONARY car /ka 9/, 8 — automobil careful /'kDfl/, 16 — pažljiv carefully /'kDfli/, 9 — pažljivo carry /'kæri/, 18 — nositi case /keis/, 18 — kovčeg cash /kæ R /, 23 — unovčiti ček cash desk /'kæ R desk/, 25 — blagajna u prodavnici castle /'ka9sl/, 14 — zamak, dvorac catch, caught, caught /kaet R , kN9t/, 17 — uhvatiti central heating /'sentr l'hi:tiM /, 11 — centralno grijanje certainly /'s9tnli/, 12 — svakako, naravno chair /t RD /, 1 — stolica change /t R eindY /, 1, 16, 19 — promijeniti, promjena; kusur; presvući se chat /t R æt/, 13 — popri čati, čavrljati cheap /t R i9p/, 16 — jeftin cheap return /'t R i9p ri't9n/, 16 — jeftina povratna karta check in /t R ek'in/, 19 — prijaviti se kod dolaska check-in desk /t R ek'in desk/, 26 — šalter za prijavu putnika u vazdušnom saobra ćaju child, children /t R aild, 't R ildrn/, 3 — dijete, djeca cheese /t R i9z/, 12 — sir chocolate/'t R klit/, 12 — čokolada choose, chose, choscn /t R u9z, t R uz, 't R uzn/, 14 — izabrati cigarette / $sig'ret/, 8 — cigareta cinema /'sinm /, 13 — kino city /'siti/, 9 — grad class /kla9s/, 5 — razred; nastava, školski sat classroom /'kla9srum/, 1 — razred, učionica clause/klN9z/, 24 — re čenica, zavisna ili glavna clean /kli9n/, 7, 12 — čistiti; čist clear /kli /, 24 — čist, bistar; jasan clerk /kla9k/, 16 — činovnik climb /klaim/, 24 — penjati se clock /klNk/, 2 — sat (zidni) close /kluz/, 23 — zatvoriti clothes /'kluCz/, 17 — odjeća coach /kaut R /, 16 — autobus; vagon coast /kust/, 24 — obala coat /kut/, 1 — kaput coffee /'kNfi/, 5 — kafa coffee bar /'k Nfi ba 9/ 5 — kafana coin /kNin/, 21 — kovani novac cold /kuld/, 11, 12 — hladan; prehlada college /'k NlidY /, 15 — koledž colour /'kUl /, 5 — boja come, came, come /k Um, keim, kUm/, 3 — doći
C-D
DICTIONARY come in /kUm'in/, 4 — u ći comfortable /'k Umftbl/, 2 — udoban comma /'km /, 24 — zarez compare /km'pD /, RII — uporediti, komparirati comparison /km'pærisn/, 11 — komparacija comparative /km'pærtiv/, 11 — komparativ compartment /km'pa9tmnt/, 17 — odjeljak u vlaku, kupe complete /km'pli9t/, 1 — dopuniti, dovršiti condition /kn'di R n/, 24 — pogodba, uvjet conditional /kn'di R nl/, 24 — pogodbeni conductor /kn'dUkt /, 10 — kondukter consist (of) /kn'sist/, 24 — sastojati se consult /kn'sUlt/, 6 — konsultovati, pitati za savjet contents /'k ntnts/ — sadržaj continuous /k n'tinjus/, 7 — trajni conversation / $knv'sei R n/, 18 — konverzacija cook /kuk/, 7 — kuvati corner /'k9n /, 4 — ugao correct /k'rekt/, 12 — ispraviti; ispravan count noun /'kaunt'naun/, 12 — brojiva imenica country /'kUntri/, 14 — podru č je izvan grada, ladanje; zemlja course /kN9s/ — tečaj of course / v'kN9s/, 11 —naravno Croatia /kru'ei R ia/, 24 — Hrvatska cross /krNs/, 10 — prelaziti crowd /kraud/, 26 — mnoštvo, gužva cry /krai/, 26 — plakati cup /kUp/, 4 — šolja D d /di 9/ — slovo u abecedi daily /'deili/, 25 — dnevni dance /da9ns/, 24 — plesati dark /da9k/, 5 — taman darling /'da9liM /, 4 — dragi, draga date /deit/, 15 — datum daughter /'d9t /, 3 — kćer day /dei/, 5 — dan day-trip /'dei'trip/, 14 — jednodnevni izlet dear /di /, 8 — dragi oh dear / u'di /, 4 — zaboga December /di'semb /, 15 — decembar decide /di'said/, 14 — odlu čiti defective /di'fektiv/, 10 — nepotpun, defektivan (gram.) definite /'definit/, 2 — odre đen department /di'pa 9tmnt/ — odjeljenje
D-E
DICTIONARY department store /di'pa 9tmnt stN9 /, 25 — robna kuća departure /di'pa9t R /, 26 — odlazak depend (on) /di'pend/, 24 — ovisiti (o); it depends /it di'pendz/, 24 — prema tome describe /di'skraib/, 26 — opisati desk /desk/, 2 — radni sto detail /'di9teil/, 26 — detalj detective /di'tektiv/, 13 — detektiv, detektivski dial /dail/, 21 — birati (broj) dialling tone /'dai liMtun/, 21 — pozivni signal dialogue /'dailNg/, 1 — dijalog dictation /dik'tei R n/, 2 — diktat different /'difr nt/, 11 — razli čit difficult /'difiklt/, 20 — težak dinar /'di9na 9/, 23 — dinar dining-room /'dainiMrum/, 11 — trpezarija dinner /'din /, 3 — glavni obrok u danu diphtong /'dif SNM / — dvoglas, diftong dirty /'d9ti/, 11 — prljav disco /'disku/, 24 — diskoteka discuss /di'skUs/, 22 — diskutovati dish /di R /, 20 — jelo dishes /'di R iz/, 7 — posuđe do, did, done /du 9, did, dUn/, 6 — činiti do homework / !du:'humw9k/, 7 — pisati zadaću doctor /'dNkt /, 3 — doktor, ljekar dog /dNg/, R II — pas door /dN9 /, 2 — vrata double /'dUbl/, 19 — dvostruk double (room), 19 — dvokrevetna soba down /daun/, 10 — dole downstairs /'daun'st Dz/, 2 — prizemlje; na donjem spratu; niz stepenice dress /dres/, 5, 8 — haljina; obla čiti (se) drink /driMk/, 3 — piće drink, drank, drunk /dri Mk, dræMk, drUMk/, 8 — piti drive, drove, driven /draiv, dr uv, 'drivn/, 14 — voziti (se) driver /'draiv /, 17 — vozač, šofer during /'djuriM /, 7 — za vrijeme, tokom duty-free / $djuti'fri 9/, 26 — oslobođen carine
E e /i 9/ — slovo u abecedi each /i9t R /, 18 — svaki ear /i /, 5 — uvo early /'9li/, 20 — rano
E
DICTIONARY earn / 9n/, 24 — zaraditi easy /'i9zi/, 20 — lagan eat, ate, eaten /i 9t, et, ' 9itn/, 8 — jesti egg /eg/, 8 — jaje eight /eit/, 2 — osam eighteen / $ei'ti9n/, 2 — osamnaest eighteenth / $eiti9nS /, 10 — osamnaesti eighth /eitS /, 10 — osmi eightieth /'eiti S /, 10 — osamdeseti eighty /'eiti/, 4 — osamdeset either /'aiC /, 15 — not either — ni, niti eleven /i'levn/, 2 — jedanaest eleventh /i'leven S /, 10 — jedanaesti else /els/, 25 — još; ostalo, drugo end /end/, 3 — završiti; kraj ending /'endiM /, 17 — kraj engine /'endYin/, 22 — mašina, motor engineer / $endYi'ni /, 13 — inženjer engineering / $endYi'niriM /, 15 — tehnika England /'i Mglnd/, 18 — Engleska English /'iMgli R /, 1 — engleski Englishman /'iMgli R mn/, R II — Englez enjoy /in'dYNi/, 18 — uživati enjoy oneself /in'd YNi wUn'self/, 21 — zabavljati se enough /i'nUf/, 23 — dosta enter /'ent /, 11 — ući envelope /'envil up/, 21 — omotnica, koverta etc. /it'setr /, 22 — itd. Europe /'jurp/, 25 — Evropa even /'i9vn/, 11 — čak evening /'i:vniM /, 1 — veče ever /'ev /, 20 — ikada ever since /'ev'sins/, 20 — otkada every /'evri/, 7 — svaki everything /'evriSiM /, 19 — sve exact /ig'zækt/, R II — ta čan example /ig'za9mpl/, 1 — primjer excellent /'ekslnt/, 13 — odli čan excuse me /ik'skju9zmi/, 10 — oprostite exercise /'ekssaiz/, 1 — vježba expect /ik'spekt/, 10 — o čekivati expensive /ik'spensiv/, 15 — skup explain /ik'splein/, R II — objasniti eye /ai/, 5 — oko
F
DICTIONARY F f /ef/ — slovo u abecedi face /feis/, 5 — lice fact /fækt/, 18 — činjenica in fact, 18 — u stvari factory /'fæktri/, 18 — tvornica fall, fell, fallen /f N9l, fel, 'f N9ln/, 21 — pasti family /'fæmili/, 3 — porodica family name /'fæmili'neim/, 8 — prezime far /fa 9/, 5 — daleko fare /fD /, 10 — cijena vožnje, vozarina fashion /'fæ R n/, 25 — moda fast /fa9st/, 16 — brz; brzo fat /fæt/, 20 — debeo father /'fa9C /, 7 — otac favourable /'feivrbl/, 23 — povoljan February/'februri/, 15 — februar feel, felt, felt /fi 9l, felt, felt/, 21 — osje ćati few /fju 9/, 12 — malo a few /a'fju 9/, 12 — nekoliko field /fi9ld/, 14 — polje fifteen / $fif'ti9n/, 2 — petnaest fifteenth / $fif'ti9nS /, 10 — petnaesti fifth /fifS /, 10 — peti fiftieth /'fiftiS /, 10 — pedeseti fifty /'fifti/, 4 — pedeset fill in /'fil'in/, 8 — ispuniti film /film/, 13 — film film-strip /'filmstrip/, R I — dijafilm find, found, found /faind, faund, faund/, 10 — na ći fine /fain/, 5 — fino, lijepo finger /'fiMg /, 5 — prst (na ruci) finish /'fini R /, 5 — završiti fire /'fai /, 7 — vatra firm /f9m/, 24 — preduzeće first /f9st/, 10, 12 — prvi; prvo first name /'f9st'neim/, 8 — ime fish /fi R /, 20 — riba fit /fit/, 25 — pristajati five /faiv/, 2 — pet flat /flæt/, 3 — stan flight /flait/, 26 — let floor /flN9 /, 2 — kat; pod flour /'flau /, 12 — brašno flower /'flau /, 11 — cvijet fly, flew, flovn /flai, flu 9, flun/, 24 — letjeti
F-G
DICTIONARY following /'f luiM /, 2 — slijedeći food /fu9d/, 20 — hrana foot, feet /fut, fi 9t/, 5 — stopalo; on foot / Nn'fut/, 18 — pješice for /fN9, f /, 1 — za foreign /'fNriM /, 6 — strani forget, forgot, forgotten /f 'get, f'gNt, f'gNtn/, 9 — zaboraviti fork /fN9k/, 4 — viljuška form /fN9m/, 1, 8 — oblik; formular fortieth /'fN9tiS /, 10 — četrdeseti fortnight /'f N9tnait/, 17 — 14 dana forty /'fN9ti/, 4 — četrdeset four /fN9 /, 2 — četiri fourteen / $fN9'ti9n/, 2 — četrnaest fourteenth / $fN9'ti9nS /, 10 — četrnaesti fourth /f N9S /, 10 — četvrti free /fri 9/, 12 — slobodan, besplatan French /frent R /, 13 — francuski Frenchman /'frent R mn/, R II — Francuz fresh /fre R /, 12 — svjež Friday /'fraidi/, 7 — petak fried /'fraid/, 8 — pržen friend /frend/, 1 — prijatelj, prijateljica fry /frai/ — pržiti from /frNm, frm/, 1 — iz, od front, in front of /in'fr Untv/, 3 — ispred fruit /fru9t/, 12 — voće fruit juice /'fru9tdYu9s/, 16 — voćni sok full (of) /ful/, 4 — pun funny/'f Uni/, 18 — smiješan future /'fju9t R /, 7 — budućnost, futur; budu ći G g /dYi 9/ — slovo u abecedi game /geim/, 9 — igra garage /'gæra9Y /, 11 — garaža garden /'ga9dn/, 11 — vrt gate /geit/, 26 — izlaz, vrata get, got, got /get, g Nt, gNt/, 13 — dobiti, nabaviti get married /'get'mærid/, 22 — vjen čati se get off /'get' Nf/, 10 — si ći (s vozila) get on /'get' Nn/, 17 — ukrcati se (u javno vozilo) get ready /'get'redi/, 9 — spremiti (se) get up /'get' Up/, 8 — ustati girl /g9l/, 3 — djevoj čica; djevojka girl-friend /'g9lfrend/, 5 — prijateljica
G-H
DICTIONARY give, gave, given /giv, geiv, 'givn/, 1 — dati give love /'giv'l Uv/, 17 — prenijeti nježne pozdrave glad /glæd/, 7 — sretan; I'm glad — drago mi je glass /gla9s/, 4 — čaša go, went, gone /g u, went, gNn/, 6 — ići go away /'g u'wei/, 17 — otići go for a walk /'g u fr'wN9k/, 8 — ići u šetnju go for an outing /'g u frn'auti M /, 14 — ići na izlet go home /'g u 'hum/, 6 — ići kući go on /'g u'Nn/, 7 — nastavljati, odvijati se go out /'g u'aut/, 8 — izlaziti go round /'g u'raund/, 22 — obi ći, obilaziti go shopping /'g u' RNpiM /, 12 — ići u kupovinu go skiing /'g u'ski9iM /, 24 — ići na skijanje go straight on /'g u'streit'Nn/, 10 — ići ravno go to bed /'g u t'bed/, 8 — i ći spavati good /gud/, 3 — dobar goodbye /gud'bai/, 1 — zbogom good evening /gud' i 9vniM /, 1 — dobra veče good-looking / $gud'luki M /, 5 — pristao, zgodan good luck / $gud'lUk/, R III — sretno good morning /gud'm N9niM /, 1 — dobro jutro good night /gud'nait/, 7 — laku no ć grass /gra9s/, 9 — trava great /greit/, 16 — velik, sjajan Green /gri9n/, R I — englesko prezime; zelen greeting /'gri9tiM /, 1 — pozdrav grey /grei/, 8 — siv grocer /'grus /, 12 — trgovac mješovitom robom grocery store /'grusri'stN9 /, 12 — trgovina mješovitom robom ground floor / $graund'fl N9 /, 11 — prizemlje group /gru9p/, 8 — grupa; grupni guest /gest/, 4 — gost H h /eit R / — slovo u abecedi had better / $hæd'bet /, 16 — bilo bi bolje da hair /hD /, 5 — kosa half /ha9f/, 6 — pola, polovina half an hour /'ha 9fn'au /, 6 — pola sata hall /hN9l/, 11 — predsoblje hallo /h'lu/, 7 — halo, zdravo Hamlet /'hæmlit/, R III hand /hænd/, 4 — ruka (šaka) hand baggage /'hænd'bægid Y /, 26 — ručna prtljaga happen /'hæpn/, 14 — dogoditi se
H
DICTIONARY happy /’hæpi/, 22 — sretan hard /ha9d/, 6 — teško hate /heit/, 26 — mrziti have, had, had /hæsv, h v; hæd, hd/, 3 — imati have a cold /’hæv ’kuld/, 12 — biti prehla đen have a drink /’hæv ’driMk/, 4 — nešto popiti have a good time /’hæv a’gud’taim/, 15 — dobro se zabavljati have a shower /’hæv ’ R au /, 18 — istuširati se have breakfast /’hæv’brekf st/, 8 — doru čkovati have dinner /’hæv’din /, 7 — ručati, večarati have got /’hæv’g Nt/, 3 — have have on /’hæv’ Nn/, 5 — imati na sebi (odjeću) have to /’hæv tu/, 10 — morati, trebati he /hi 9/, 1 — on head /hed/, 5 — glava heading /’hediM /, 26 — naslov hear, heard, heard /hi , h9d, h9d/, 7 — čuti Heathrow /’hi9Sru/, 26 — aerodrom u Londonu heavy /’hevi/, 17 — težak Helen /’heln/, 1 — žensko ime hello /h’lu/, 3 — zdravo help /help/, 6 — pomagati; pomo ć Henry /’henri/, 3 — muško ime her /h 9/, 1, 5 — njezin; nju, njoj here /hi /, 5 — ovdje here you are /’hi ju’a 9/, 10 — izvolite hers /h9z/, 18 — njezin herself /h9’self/, 21 — sebe, sebi; sama Hilton /’hiltn/, R III — ime hotela him /him/, 5 — njega, njemu himself /him’self/, 21 — sebe, sebi; sam his /hiz/, 1 — njegov holiday /’hNldi/, 17 — praznik home /hum/, 6 — dom, ku ća homework /’humw9k/, 1 — domaća zadaća hope /hup/, 15 — nadati se horse /’hN9s/, 13 — konj hospital /’hNspitl/, 6 — bolnica hot /hNt/, 18 — vru ć hotel /hu’tl/, 15 — hotel hour /'au /, 6 — sat house /haus/, 2 — ku ća housewife /'hauswaif/, 3 — doma ćica how /hau/, 2 — kako how do you do / $haudj'du/, 3 — fraza pri upoznavanju (drago mi je) how long /hau'l NM /, 20 — kako dugo how many /hau'meni/, 2 — koliko
H–I–J
DICTIONARY how much /hau'mUt R /, 10 — koliko hundred /'hUndrd/, 4 — sto hundredth /'h UndrUdS /, 10 — stoti hungry /'hUMgri/, 8 — gladan hurry /'hUri/, 12, 20 — žuriti se; žurba be in a hurry, 20 — žuriti se hurt, hurt, hurt /h9t/, 21 — povrijediti husband /'hUzbnd/, 3 — suprug Hyde Park /'haid'pa 9k/, 9 — park u Londonu I i /ai/ — slovo u abecedi I /ai/ — ja idea /ai'di /, 9 — ideja if /if/, R II, 24 — da li; ako if clause /'if'kl N9z/, 24 — kondicionalna re čenica imperative /im'pertiv/, 9 — imperativ important /im'pN9'tnt/, 22 — važan in /in/, 1 — u indefinite /in'definit/, 2 — neodre đen indicate /'indikeit/, 20 — pokazati, ozna čiti indication /indi'kei R n/, 19 — znak, indikacija infinitive /in'finitiv/, 10 — infinitiv information / $inf'mei R n/, 16 — informacija information desk / $inf'mei R n'desk/, 16 — šalter za informacije inside /in'said/, 23 — unutra instead (of) /in'sted/, 12 — umjesto instruction /in'strUk R h/, 21 — uputstvo intention /in'ten R n/, 18 — namjera interesting /'intr stiM /, 7 — zanimljiv interview /'intvju 9/, R III — intervjuisati; intervju into /'int /, 7 — u, unutra invite /in'vait/, 14 — pozvati irregular /i'regjul /, 3 — nepravilan is /iz/, 1 — je it /it/, 1 — to, ono Italian /i'tælj n/, 19 — talijanski item /'aitm/, 25 — članak, prilog its /its/, 18 — njegov, njezin (za predmete i životinje) itself /it'self/, 21 — sebe, sebi; sam J j /dYei/, — slovo u abecedi jacket /'dYækit/ , 25 — kaputić, jakna Jane /dYein/, 5 — žensko ime
J–K–L
DICTIONARY January /'dYænjuri/, 15 — januar jeans /dYi9nz/, 25 — farmerke job /dYNb/, 22 — posao John /dYNn/, 3 — muško ime Johnson /'dYNnsn/, 3 — englesko prezime the Johnsons / C'dYNnsnz/, 3 — Johnsonovi join /dYNin/, 14 — pridružiti se; spojiti joke /dYuk/, 20 — šala journey /'dY99ni/, 17 — putovanje, put juice /'dYu9s/, 16 — sok July /dYu'lai/, 15 — juli June /dYu9n/, 15 — juni just /dYUst/, 5, 7 — upravo; samo K k /kei/ — slovo u abecedi Kate /keit/, 5 — englesko žensko ime keep, kept, kept /ki 9p, kept, kept/, 17 — držati, zadržati key /ki 9/, 9 — ključ kilometre /'kilmi9t /, 18 — kilometar kind /kaind/, 17 — ljubazan; vrsta kitchen /'kit R in/, 4 — kuhinja knife, knives /naif, naivz/, 4 — nož know, knew, known /n u, nju9, nun/, 6 — znati L l /el/ — slovo u abecedi lab (laboratory) /læb, l 'bNrtri/, 1 — laboratorija ladies' fashions /'leidiz'fæ R nz/, 25— odjeljenje ženske odje će lady /'leidi/, 18 — dama, gospo đa lamp /læmp/, 2 — svjetiljka, lampa language /'IæMgwidY /, 20 — jezik large /Ia9dY /, 2 — velik, prostran last /la9st/, 13 — posljednji, prošli at last / t'la9st/, 17 — kona čno late /leit/, 8 — kasno laugh /la9f/, 18 — smijati se learn, learnt, learnt; learned /l 9n, l9nt; l9nd/, 20 — u čiti least /li9st/, 16 — najmanje leave, left, left /li 9v, left, left/, 7 — ostaviti, oti ći Leeds /li9dz/, 16 — grad u Engleskoj left /left/, 2 — lijevo; lijevi leg /leg/, 5 — noga lemon /'lemn/, 12 — limun
L–M
DICTIONARY lend, lent, lent /lend, lent, lent/, 17 — posuditi (nekome) less /les/, 16 — manje let, let, let /let/, 9 — pustiti, dozvoliti letter /'let /, 6 — pismo pismo letter-box /'let bNks/, 21 — poštanski sandu čić library /'laibrri/, 13 — biblioteka lie, lay, lain /lai, lei, lein/, 24 — ležati life /laif/, 22 — život lift /lift/, 17 — podi ći light /lait/, 15 — svjetlo like /laik/, 6 — voljeti; sviđati se like /laik/, 14 — kao, poput I'd (would) like /aid (wud)'laik/, 12 — željeo bih, rado bih list /list/, 12 — popis listen (to) /'lisn/, 8 — slušati little /'litl/, 12 — malen; malo; a little / 'litl/, 11 — nešto live /liv/, 7 — živjeti living-room /'liviMrum/, 4 — soba za dnevni boravak London /'l Undn/, 1 — London long /lNM /, 5 — dug; dug; dugo look /luk/, 6 — izgledati look (at) /luk/, 2 — gledati look after /'luk'a 9ft /, 9 — paziti, paziti, čuvati look for /l'uk'f N9 /, /, 22 — tražiti look forward (to) /'luk'f Nrwd/, 15 — o čekivati s veseljem look round /'luk'raund/, 26 — razgledati lose, lost, lost /lu9z, lNst, lNst/, 9 — izgubiti a lot of / 'lNtv/, 12 — mnogo lounge /laund Y /, 19 — salon, salon, predvorje predvorje (hotela, (hotela, itd.) love /lUv/, 13 — ljubav; voljeti I'd love /aid'l Uv/, 13 — jako bih rado lovely /'lUvli/, 25 — lijep, zgodan lucky /'lUki/, 18 — sretan luggage /'lUgidY /, 18 — prtljag prtljag R /, 14 — obrok koji se jede oko podne, ru čak lunch /'lUnt R M Macedonia /'mæsi'duni /, 24 — Makedonija Makedonija madam /'mædm/, 12— gospođa magazine /mæg'zi9n/, 17 — časopis mail /meil/, 21 — pošta main /mein/, 6 — glavni make, made, made /meik, meid, meid/, 7 — praviti, činiti make a mistake /'meik mi'steik/, 15 — pogriješiti make a telephone call /'meik 'telifunkN9l/, 21 — telefonirati make dinner /'meik'din /, 8 — kuvati kuvati ručak
M
DICTIONARY make it /'meik$it/, 17 — stići na vrijeme make sure /'meik' R provjeriti R u /, 16 — provjeriti man, men /'mæn, men/, 13 — čovjek, muškarac manage /'mænidY /, 15 — uspjeti; uspjeti; upravljati upravljati manager /'mænidY /, R II — direktor, direktor, menadžer menadžer many /'meni/, 2 — mnogo map /mæp/, 10 — karta, plan grada R /, 15 — mart March /ma9t R Margaret /'ma9grt/, 10 — žensko ime marry /'mæri/, 22 — oženiti, udati se Mary /'mDri/, R II — žensko ime mass noun /'mæs'naun/, 12 — nebrojiva imenica R /, 2, 21 — šibica; spojiti, match /mæt R spojiti, uskladiti matter /'mæt /, 21 — stvar stvar what's the matter with you /'w NtsC'mæt wiC j /, 21 — šta je s tobom tobom May /mei/, 15 — maj may, might /mei, mait/, 20 — smijem, mogu me /mi /, 9/, 5 — mene, meni meal /mi9l/, 20 — obrok meaning /'mi9niM /, 10 — zna značenje meet, met, met /mi9t, met, met/, 5 — sresti; upoznati se menu /'menju /, 9/, 20 — jelovnik middle /'midl/, 2 — sredina mile /mail/, 18 — milja milk /milk/, 12 — mlijeko million / $milin/, 4 — milion mind /maind/, 14 — imati šta protiv, zamjeriti mine /main/, 18 — moj mineral water /'minrl'wN9t /, 4 — mineralna mineralna voda voda minute /'minit/, 5 — minuta Miss /mis/, 21 — gospo đica miss /mis/, 10 — propustiti; nedostajati mistake /mi'steik/, 15 — greška modern /'mNdn/, 11 — moderan, savremen moment /'mumnt/, 12 — čas at the moment, 12 — ovog časa in a moment, 22 — za čas Monday /'mUndi/, 7 — ponedeljak monev /'mUni/, 10 — novac Montenegro / $mNnti'ni 9gru/, 24 — Crna Gora month /mUnS /, 15 — mjesec mjesec more /mN9 /, /, 11 — više više morning /'mN9niM /, 7 — jutro Mortimer /'mN9'tim /, 4 — englesko englesko prezime prezime most /must/, 11 — najviše mother /'mUC /, 5 — majka majka
M–N
DICTIONARY mountain /'mauntin/, 24 — brdo, planina mountain-climbing /'mauntin'klaimi M)/, 24 — planinarenje mouth /mauS /, 5 — usta usta move /mu9v/, 23 — micati se Mr /'mist /, 1 — gospodin gospodin Mrs /'misiz/, 1 — gospo đa much /mUt R mnogo R /, 6 — mnogo mummy /'mUmi/, 11 — mama must /mUst, mst/, 9 — moram, itd. mustn't /'mUsnt/, 9 — ne smijem, itd. my /mai/, 1 — moj myself /mai'self/, 21 — sebe, sebi; sam.
N n /en/ — slovo u abecedi name /neim/, 1 — ime nationality /næ R 'næliti/, 8 — narodnost naughty /'nN9ti/, 23 — zlo čest, nevaljao near /ni /, 2 — blizu blizu nearly /'nili/, 18 — skoro, gotovo necessary /'nes sri/, 3 — potreban need /ni9d/, 12 — trebati needn't /'ni 9dnt/, 9 — ne moram, itd. negative /'neg tiv/, 1 — negativni never /'nev /, 6 — nikada nikada never mind /'nev'maind/, 20 — ništa zato, ne mari new /nju /, 9/, 5 — novi novi news /nju9z/, 8 — vijesti, novosti newspaper /'nju 9speip /, 8 — novine novine next /nekst/, 15 — slijede ći nice /nais/, 2 — zgodan, lijep night /nait/, 8 — no ć nine /nain/, 2 — devet nineteen / $nain'ti 9n/, 2 — devetnaest nineteenth / $nain'ti9nS /, 10 — devetnaes devetnaesti ti ninetieth /'nainti S /, 10 — devedese devedeseti ti ninety /'nainti/, 4 — devedeset ninth /nainS /, 10 — deveti deveti no /nu/, 1 — ne no /nu/, 12 — not any nobody /'nubdi/, 22 — niko noisy /'nNizi/, 23 — bučan, glasan non-smoker /'nNn'smuk /, 17 —nepuša —nepušač no one /'n uwUn/, 22 — niko noon /nu9n/, 14 — podne
N–O
DICTIONARY nose /nuz/, 5 — nos not /nNt/, 1 — ne (negacija) not at all /'nNt'tN9l/, 3 — nema na čemu (odgovor na thank you) note /nut/, 3 — opaska note /nut/, 16 — nov čanica notebook /'nutbuk/, 2 — bilježnica nothing /'n USiM /, 22 — ništa notice /'nutis/, 18 — opaziti noun /naun/, 2 — imenica November /nu'vemb /, 15 — novembar now /nau/, 1 — sada nowhere /'nuwD /, 22 — nigdje number /'nUmb /, 2 — broj O o /ou/ — slovo u abecedi objective case / b'dYektiv'keis/, 5 — padež objekta (dativ, akuzativ) observe / b'z9v/, 3 — paziti occupation / Nkju'pei R n/, 8 — zanimanje o'clock / 'klNk/, 6 — sat October / Nk'tub /, 15 — oktobar Odeon /'udin/, 13 — ime kina of / Nv, v/, 1 — iz, od offer /'Nf /, 12 — ponuditi office /'Nfis/, 3 — kancelarija often /'Nfn/, 6 — često oh dear / u'di /, 4 — zaboga O. K. / $u'kei/, 17 — u redu old / uld/, 3 — star omelette /'Nmlt/, R II — omlet on / Nn/, 2 — na one /wUn/, 1 — jedan one, ones /wUn, wUnz/, 10 — neodre đena zamjenica, stoji umjesto imenice only /'unli/, 4 — samo open /'upn/, 1, 7 — otvoren; otvoriti opposite /' Npzit/, 2 — nasuprot or / N 9/, 2 — ili orange /'NrindY /', 12 — naranča order /'N9d /, 20 — narudžba; naručiti; redoslijed ordinal /'Ndinl/, 10 — redni other /'UC /, 5 — drugi, ostali our /'au /, 1 — naš ours /'auz/, 18 — naš ourselves /au'selvz/, 21 — sebe, sebi; sami out /aut/, 10 — vani
O–P
DICTIONARY out of, 10 — iz outing /'auti M /, 14 — izlet over /'uv /, — preko over there /' uv 'CD /, 21 — tamo preko Oxford /'Nksfd/, 3 — grad u Engleskoj P p /pi 9/ — slovo u abecedi; skraćenica za penny/pence pack /pæk/, 18 — pakovati packet /'pækit/, 12 — paket Paddington /'pædi Mtn/, 16 — željezni čka stanica u Londonu page /peidY / , 20 — stranica pair /pD /, 25 — par pair work /'pD'w9k/, 8 — rad u parovima paper /'peip /, 11 — papir pardon /'pa9dn/, 1 — molim?, šta ste rekli? parents /'pDrnts/, 8 — roditelji Paris /'pæris/, 8 — Pariz park /pa9k/, 9 — park part /pa9t/, 5 — dio participle /'pa9tisipl/, 19 — particip party /'pa9ti/, 18 —žurka pass /pa9s/, 15 — prolaziti passage /'pæsidY /, 26 — odlomak passenger /'pæsend Y /, 17 — putnik passenger lounge /'pæsend Y'laund Y /, 26 — putnička hala (na aerodromu) passer-by /'pa9s'bai/, 10 — prolaznik passport /'pa9spN9t/, 26 — pasoš past /pa9st/, 6 — iza, poslije; prošli past participle /'pa 9st'pa9tisipl/, 19 — prošli particip Pat /pæst/, 3 — žensko ime pay, paid, paid /pei, peid, peid/, 20 — platiti pen /pen/, 1 — pero, nalivpero pencil /'pensl/, 2 — olovka penny, pence /peni, pens/, 10 — peni, engleski novac people /'pi9pl/, 6 — ljudi perfect /'p9fikt/, 19 — perfekt, glagolsko vrijeme; savršen perhaps /p'hæps/, 10 — možda period /'pirid/, 20 — razdoblje person /'p9sn/, 11 — osoba personal /'p9snl/, 1 — li čni phone /fun/, 19 — telefon phrase /freiz/, 1 — fraza picnic /'piknik/, 14 — piknik
P
DICTIONARY picture /'pikt R /, 10 — slika picture postcard /'pikt R 'pustka9d/, 21 — razglednica piece /pi9s/, 8 — komad pips signal /'pipssignl/, 21 — signal brzog ritma pity /'piti/, 24 — šteta; what a pity, 26 — kakva šteta place /pleis/, 11 — mjesto, stan plan /plæn/, 22 — plan, planirati plane /plein/, 26 — avion plate /pleit/, 4 — tanjir platform /'plætf N9m/, 16 — peron play /plei/, 13 — pozorišni komad play /plei/, 9 — igrati (se) pleasant /'pleznt/, 11 — prijatan, ugodan please /pli9z/, 1 — molim plenty (of) /'plenti/, 24 — mnogo plural /'plurl/, 2 — množina p. m. /'pi9'em/, 7 — poslije podne pocket /'pNkit/, 10 — džep point /pNint/, 17 — tačka policeman /p'li9smn/, 10 — policajac polite /p'lait/, 1 — uljudan popular /'pNpjul /, 13 — popularan position /p'zi R n/, 6 — položaj positive /'pNzitiv/, 1 — potvrdni, pozitivni possessive /p'zesiv/, 1 — posvojni possible /'pNsibl/, 24 — moguć post /pust/, 21 — pošta, poslati poštom postcard /'pustka9d/, R I — dopisnica post-office /'pust'Nfis/, 21 — pošta post-office window /'p ust'Nfis'windu/, 21 — poštanski šalter potato /p'teitu/, 20 — krompir pound /paund/, 10 — funta practical /'præktikl/, 22 — prakti čan practical work /'præktikl'w9k/, 22 — praksa practice /'præktis/, 11 — uvježbavanje preposition / $prep'zi R n/, 5 — prijedlog present /'preznt/, 1 — sadašnji present /'preznt/, 25 — poklon press /pres/, 21 — pritisnuti, utisnuti pretty /'priti/, 5 — lijep, zgodan price /prais/, 19 — cijena prime minister / $praim'minist /, R I — predsjednik vlade probable /'pr Nbbl/, 24 — mogu ć, vjerovatan probably /'prNbbli/, 21 — vjerovatno problem /'prNblm/, 22 — problem programme /'prugræm/, 7 — program promise /'prNmis/, 17 — obećati
P–Q–R
DICTIONARY pronoun /'pr unaun/, 1 — zamjenica pub /pUb/, 13 — krčma public /'pUblik/, 16 — javni pullover /'puluv /, 25 — pulover put, put, put /put/, 4 — staviti put in /'put'in/, 21 — umetnuti put on /'put'on/, 8 — obu ći Q q /kju 9/ — slovo u abecedi quality /'kwNliti/, 25 — kvalitet quantity /'kwNntiti/, R II — količina quarter /'kwN9t /, 6 — četvrt question /'kwest R n/, 1 — pitanje question-tag /'kwest R n'tæg/, 11 — kratko pitanje na kraju re čenice quick /kwik/, 16 — brz quickly /'kwikli/, 18 — brzo quiet /'kwait/, 23 — miran, tih quite /kwait/, 5 — sasvim R r /a 9/ — slovo u abecedi rack /ræk/, 17 — polica za prtljagu radio /'reidiu/, 8 — radio railway station /'reilwei'stei R n/, 14 — željeznička stanica rain /rein/, 11 — kiša; kišiti rate of exchange /'reit viks't R eindY /, 23 — devizni tečaj rather /'ra9C /, 6 — prilično I'd rather /aid'ra 9C /, 20 — radije bih read, read, read /ri 9d, red, red/, 8 — čitati ready /'redi/, 4 — spreman, gotov really /'rili/, 13 — zaista, stvarno reasonable /'ri9znbl/, 19 — razuman, umjeren receiver /ri'si9v /, 21 — telefonska slušalica reception desk /ri'sep R n'desk/, 19 — recepcija receptionist /ri'sep R nist/, 19 — recepcionar red /red/, 5 — crven reflexive /ri'fleksiv/, 21 — povratni regular /'regjul /, 3 — pravilan remember /ri'memb /, 13 — sjetiti se; zapamtiti repeat /ri'pi9t/, 1 — ponoviti reply /ri'plai/, 15 — odgovoriti reporter /ri'pN9t /, R I — izvjestilac, reporter request /ri'kwest/, 22 — molba reservation / $rez'vei R n/, 29 — rezervacija
R–S
DICTIONARY reserved /ri'z9vd/, 20 — rezervisan respond /ri'spNnd/, R III — odgovoriti, reagovati restaurant /'rest rnt/, 14 — restoran result /ri'zUlt/, 19 — rezultat return /ri't9n/, 14 — vratiti (se) return (ticket) /ri't9n'tikit/, 16 — povratna karta revision /ri'viYn/ — revizija right /rait/, 2 — desni; pravi be right /'bi9'rait/, 25 — imati pravo ring, rang, rung /riM, ræM, rUM /, 7 — zvoniti ringing tone /'ri MgiMtun/, 21 — znak kontrole poziva (nakon biranja broja) ring up /'ri M'Up/, 21 — nazvati river /'riv /, 10 — rijeka road /rud/, 10 — cesta roast /rust/, 20 — pe ći; pečen roast beef /'rust'bi9f/, 20 — pe čena govedina robbery /'rNbri/, 23 — pljačka Robinson /'r Nbinsn/, R II — englesko prezime romantic /r'mæntik/, R II — romantičan room /rum/, 2 — soba, prostorija round /raund/, 5 — oko, okolo round the corner / $raundC'kN9m /, 5 — iza ugla run, ran, run /r Un, ræn, rUn/, 9 — trčati S s /es/ — slovo u abecedi sad /sæd/, 26 — žalostan Sally /'sæli/ R, II — žensko ime same /seim/, 8 — isti sandvvich /'sænwidY /, 13 — sendvič satisfied /'sætisfaid/, 13 — zadovoljan Saturday /'sæt di/, 7 — subota save /seiv/, 24 — štedjeti; spasiti say, said, said /sei, sed, sed/, 5 — re ći say goodbye /'sei gud'bai/, 26 — oprostiti se scales /'skeilz/, 26 — vaga scene /si9n/, R III — scena, prizor school /sku9l/, 2 — škola schoolboy /'sku9lbNi/, 23 — učenik schoolgirl /'sku9lg9d/, 3 — u čenica Scotch /skNt R /, 26 — škotski sea /si 9/, 24 — more seaside /'si9said/, 24 — područ je uz more season /'si9zn/, 24 — godišnje doba, sezona seat /si9t/, 13 — sjedište, mjesto second /'seknd/, 10 — drugi
S
DICTIONARY secretary /'sekr tri/, 6 — tajnik, tajnica see, saw, seen /si 9, sN9, si9n/, 5 — vidjeti; posjetiti see off /'si9'Nf/, 26 — ispratiti selection /si'lek R n/, 25 — izbor self-management /'self'mænid Ymnt/, 24 — samoupravljanje sell, sold, sold /sel, s uld, suld/, 12 — prodavati send, sent, sent /send, sent, sent/, 15 — poslati sentence /'sent ns/, 1 — rečenica September /sep'temb /, 15 — septembar septembar Serbia /'s9bi /, 24 — Srbija Srbija service /'s9vis/, 25 — usluga seven /'sevn/, 2 — sedam seventeen / $sevn'ti9n/, 2 — sedamnaest seventeenth / $sevn'ti 9nS /, 10 — sedamnaes sedamnaesti ti seventh /'sevnS /, 10 — sedmi seventieth /'sevnti S /, 10 — sedamdese sedamdeseti ti seventy /'sevnti/, 4 — sedamdeset shall / R zl, R l/, 22 — ću, ćemo shave / R eiv/, eiv/, 18 — brijati se she / R i /, 9/, 1 — ona ona R eri/, sherry /' R eri/, 4 — šeri, vrsta pi ća shirt / R 9t/, 8 — košulja shoe / R u /, 9/, 8 — cipela cipela shop / R Np/, 12 — prodavnica; kupovati shop assistant /' R R Np'sistnt/, 25 — prodava č, prodavačica R Np'windu/, 25 — izlog shop window /' R R NpiM /, 12 — kupovanje shopping /' R kupovanje R NpiMlist/, 12 — popis stvari za kupovinu shopping list /' R short / R N9t/, 5 — kratak; nizak should / R ud, ud, R d/, 10 — treba da shout / R aut/, aut/, 23 — vikati show, showed, shown/showed / R u, R ud, R un/, 11 — pokazati shower /' R au /, 8 — tuš; tuš; pljusak R au shut, shut, shut / R Ut/, 9 — zatvoriti sick /sik/, 21 — bolestan; I'm sick, 21 — zlo mi je side /said/, 25 — strana silly /'sili/, 9 — budalast, glup simple /'simpl/, 6 — jednostavan, obi čan since /sins/, 20 — od, otkako since when /sins'wen/, 20 — otkada single (room) /'siMgl'rum/, 19 — jednokrevetna soba single (ticket) /'siMgl'tikit/, 14 — vozna karta za jednu relaciju singular /'siMgjul /, 2 — jednina jednina sir /s:/, R II — gospodin sister /'sist /, 9 — sestra sestra
S
DICTIONARY sit, sat, sat /sit, szt, szt/, 7 — sjediti sit down /'sit'daun/, 4 — sjesti six /siks/, 2 — šest sixteen / sik'sti:n/, sik'sti:n/, 2 — šesnaest sixteenth /sik'sti:nS /, 10 — šesnaesti šesnaesti sixth /siksS /, 10 — šesti šesti sixtieth /'sikstiS /, 10 — šezdeseti šezdeseti sixty /'siksti/, 4 — šezdeset size /saiz/, 25 — veli čina ski /ski:/, 24 — skijati skirt /sk:t/, 25 — suknja sleep, slept, slept /sli:p, slept, slept/, 8 — spavati slot /slot/, 21 — otvor za ubacivanje kovanog novca small /smNl/, 2 — malen smart /sma:t/, 19 — elegantan smoke /smuk/, 8 — pušiti snack /snzk/, 13 — zalogaj; meze so /su/, 7 — tako, zato the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia /'suRlist'fedrl ri'pUblikv'ju:g u'sla:vi /, 24 — SFRJ SFRJ soft drink /'s Nft'driMk/, 13 — bezalkoholno pi će some /sUm, sm/, 12 — nekoliko, nešto somebody /'sUmbdi/, 22 — neko someone /'sUmwUn/, 22 — neko something /'sUmSiM /, 14 — nešto nešto sometimes /'sUmtaimz/, 6 — katkad somewhere /'sUtmwD /, 22 — negdje negdje son /sUn/, 3 — sin soon /su:n/, 15 — uskoro, brzo sorry /'sNri/ — žalostan; I’m sorry /ai m'sNri/, 4 — oprostite, žao mi je sound /saund/ — glas, zvuk soup /su:p/, 20 — supa south /sauS /, 24 — jug; jug; južni speak, spoke, spoken /spi:k, sp uk, 'spukn/, 7 — govoriti spell, spelt, spelt /spel, spelt, spelt/, 4 — sricati spend, spent, spent /spend, spent, spent/, 8 — provesti; trošiti spoon /spu:n/, 4 — kašika spring /spriM /, 24 — prolje proljeće stamp /stzmp/, 21 — marka stand, stood, stood /st znd, stud, stud/, 10 — stajati start /sta:t/, 6 — po četi state /steit/, 24 — država statement /'steitm nt/, 12 — izjava, tvrdnja station /'steiRn/, 14 — stanica stav /stei/, 5 — ostati; odsjesti; boravak stay up /'stei' Up/, 20 — ostati budan
S–T
DICTIONARY still /stil/, 4 — još; ipak stop /stop/, 6 — prestati; stanica story /'stN:ri/, R I — priča straight /streit/, 10 — ravno, pravo street /stri:t/, 2 — ulica strip /strip/ — traka strong drink /'strNM'driMk/, 13 — alkoholno pi će student /'stju:d nt/, 1 — student study /'stUdi/, R I — studirati study /'stUdi/, obično pl. studies /'st Udiz/, 14 — studij, studiranje subject /'sUbdYikt/, 8 — subjekt sugar /'Rug /, 12 — še šećer suggest /s'dYest/, 9 — predložiti suggestion /s 'dYestRn/, 9 — 9 — prijedlog prijedlog suit /sju:t/, 22 — odgovarati suit /sju:t/, 8 — odijelo suitable /'sju:t bl/, 26 — prikladan suitcase /'sju:tkeis/, 17 — kofer summer /'sUm /, 22 — ljeto sun /'sUn/, 24 — sunce (nebesko tijelo) sunshine /'s UnRain/, 24 — sunce (toplina, zrake) Sunday /'sUndi/, 7 — nedelja superlative superlative /sju'p:ltiv/, 11 — superlativ supermarket supermarket /'sju:pma:kit/, 12 — supermarket sure / Ru /, 15 — siguran siguran sweet /swi:t/, 20 — slatko, desert; sladak swim, swam, swum /swim, swzm, swUm /, 24 — plivati system /'sistm/, 24 — sistem T t /ti:/ — slovo u abecedi table /'teibl/, 2 — stol tag /tzg/, 11 — dodatak, kratko pitanje take, took, taken /teik, tuk, 'teikn/, 10 — uzeti take a bus /'teik 'bUs/, 10 — ići autobusom take a seat /'teik 'si:t/, 17 — zauzeti mjesto, sjesti take a shower /'teik 'Rau /, 8 — tuširati tuširati se take off /'teik' Nf/, 11 — skinuti, svu ći take round /'teik'raund/, 22 — provesti po take to /'teik'tu:/, R II — odnijeti, odvesti talk /tN:k/, 6 — govoriti, razgovarati razgovarati tall /tN:l/, 5 — visok tartan skirt /'ta:tn'sk :t/, 25 — suknja sa škotskim uzorkom taxi /'tzksi/, 17 — taksi tea /ti:/, 8 — čaj
T
DICTIONARY teach, taught, taught /ti:t R, tN:t, tN:t/, 6 — podu čavati teacher /'ti9tR /, 1 — nastavnik, profesor technical /'teknikl/, 22 — stru čni; tehnički . telegram /'teligrzm/, 21 — telegram telephone /'telif un/, 6 — telefon telephone box /'telif un bNks/, 21 — telefonska govornica telephone call /'telif un'kN9l/, R II — telefonski poziv television /'teliviYn/, 7 — televizija tell, told, told /tel, t uld, tuld/, 6 — reći tell the way /'tel C'wei/, 10 — pokazati put ten /ten/, 2 — deset tense /tens/, 1 — glagolsko vrijeme tenth /tnS /, 10 — deseti terrible /'teribl/, 21 — strašan test /test/, 8 — test text /tekst/, 6 — tekst than / Czn, Cn/, 11 — nego, od thank you /'SzMkj /, 1 — hvala that / Czt/, 14 — da that, those / Czt, Cuz/ , 1,4 — onaj, ona, ono; oni, one, ona the / C, Ci9 /, 1— određeni član theatre /'Sit /, 13 — pozorište their / CD /, 1 — njihov theirs / CDz/ ,18 — njihov them / Cem/, 5 — njih, njima themselves / Cm'selvz/, 21 — sebe, sebi; sami then / Cn/, 7 — tada, onda there / CD /, 4 — evo, tamo there is /'CDriz/, 2 — ima, nalazi se there are /' CDra:/, 2 — ima, nalaze se they / Cei/, 1 — oni thing / SiM /, 5 — stvar think, thought, thought / SiMk, SN9t, SN9t/, 6 — misliti third / S9d/, 10 — treći thirsty /'S9sti/, 8 — žedan thirteen /,S9'ti9n/, 2 — trinaest thirteenth /,S9'ti9nS /, 10 — trinaesti thirtieth /'S9tiS /, 10 — trideseti thirty /'S9ti/, 4 — trideset this, these / Cis, Ci9z/, 1,4 — ovaj, ova, ovo; ovi, ove, ova thousand /'Sauznd/, 4 — hiljada thousandth /' SauzndS /, 10 — hiljaditi three / Sri9 /, 2 — tri thriller /'Sril /, 13 — uzbudljiv (obi čno kriminalistički) film
T
DICTIONARY through / Sru9 /, 11 — kroz Thursday /'S9zdi/, 7 — četvrtak ticket /'tikit/, 13 — karta tidy /'taidi/, 11 — uredan time /taim/, 5 — vrijeme in time /in'taim/, 17 — na vrijeme time-table /'taimteibl/, 16 — vozni red, raspored tip /'tip/, 20 — napojnica tired /'taid/, 6 — umoran to /tu9, t /, 6 — prema, k, do toast /tust/, 8 — prženi hljeb today /t'dei/, 1 — danas together /t'geC /, 7 — zajedno tomorrow /t'mNru/, 7 — sutra tonight /t'nait/, 4 — ve čeras too /tu9 /, 3, 8 — također; pre, previše tooth, teeth /tu 9S, ti9S /, 5 — zub tootsie /'tutsi/, R II — dragana (slang) top /tNp/, 23 — gornji dio, vrh top dog /'t Np'dNg/, K II — osoba na istaknutom položaju (budža) tourist /'turist/, 18 — turist town /taun/, 3 — grad traffic lights /'trzfik'laits/, 10 — semafor train /trein/, 14 — voz transport /'trznspN9t/, 16 — prevoz travel /trzvl/, 14 — putovati travel agency /'trzvl'eidYnsi/, 16 — putni čka agencija tree /tri9 /, 11 — stablo trip /trip/, 14 — put, izlet trousers /'tranzz/, 25 — pantalone true /tru9 /, 9 — istinit try /trai/, 17— pokušati, probati try on /'trai'on/, 25 — probati T-shirt /'ti9R9t/, 25 — majica s kratkim rukavima Tuesday /'tju9zdi/, 7 — utorak turn /t9n/, 10 — skrenuti, okrenuti TV /'ti9vi9 /, television /'teliviYn/, 7 — televizija tweed /twi9d/, 25 — tvid, vrsta materijala twelfth /'twelfS /, 10 — dvanaesti twelve /'twelv/, 2 — dvanaest twentieth /'twenti S /, 10 — dvadeseti twenty /'twenti/, 2 — dvadeset two /tu9 /, 2 — dva type /taip/, 6 — pisati na pisa ćem stroju typical /'tipikl/, 20 — tipi čan
U–V–W
DICTIONARY U u /ju9 / — slovo u abecedi under / Und /, 2 — ispod understand, understood, understood / Und'stznd, Und'stud, Und'stud/,13 — razumjeti unit /'ju9nit/, 1 — lekcija, jedinica unless / Un'les/, 25 — ako ne university /,juni'v9siti/, 15 — univerzitet unpack / Un'pzk/, 18 — raspakovati untidy / Un'taidi/, 11 — neuredan until / Un'til/, 6 — do unusual / Un'ju9Yul/, R II — neobi čan up / Up/, 8 — gore be up /'bi 9'Up/, 8 — biti na nogama (budan) upstairs /,Up'stDz/, 2 — gore, na gornjem spratu us / US /, 5 — nas, nama use /ju9s/, 7 — upotreba use /ju9z/, 1, 21 — upotrebiti, služiti se usually /'ju9Yuli/, 6 — obi čno V v /vi9 / — slovo u abecedi value /'vzlju9 /, 25 — vrijednost vegetable /'ved Ytbl/, 12 — povr će verb /v9b/, 6 — glagol very /'veri/, 2 — vrlo Victoria Station /vik'tN9ri'steiRn/, R III — željezni čka stanica u Londonu Victoria Street /vik't N9ri stri9t/, 10 — ulica u Londonu visit /'vizit/, 11 — posjetiti; posjeta voice /vNis/, 21 — glas vowel /'vaul/ — samoglasnik, vokal W w /'dUblju9 / — slovo u abecedi wait (for) /weit/, 9 — čekati waiter /'weit /, R II — konobar walk /wN9k/, 8 — šetnja walk /wN9k/, 9 — hodati, ići pješice; šetati wall /wN9l/, 23 — zid want /wNnt/, 6 — htjeti, željeti warm /wN9m/, 11 — topao wash /wNR /, 7 — prati
W
DICTIONARY watch /wNtR /, 7 — promatrati, gledati watch /wNtR /, R I — ručni sat water /'wN9t /, 4 — voda way /wei/, 10 — put; na čin we /wi9 /, 1 — mi wear, wore, worn /wD, wN9, wN9n/, 25 — nositi (odje ću) weather /'weC /, 11 — vrijeme Wednesday /'wenzdi/, 7 — srijeda week /wi9k/, 7 — sedmica weekend /'wi9k'end/, 7 — vikend well /wel/, 5 — dobro; pa well-dressed /'wel'drest/, R II — dobro obu čen well-known /'wel'nun/, 25 — poznat Wembley /'wembli/, 11 — gradi ć u sklopu Londona what /wNt/, 1 — šta what...like /'wNt...'laik/, 2 — kakav when /wen/, 6 — kada where /wD /, 1 — gdje, kuda where...from /'wD... 'frNm/, 1 — odakle which /witR /, 10 — koji while /wail/, 8 — za vrijeme, dok whisky /'wiski/, 26 — vrsta pića white /wait/, 5 — bijel who /hu9 /, 1 — ko; koga whole /hul/, 9 — čitav whose /hu9z/, 3 — čiji why /wai/, 6 — zašto wide /waid/, 25 — širok wife /waif/, 3 — supruga will /wil/, 22 — ćeš, ćete, će William /'wiljm/, 3 — muško ime window /'windu/, 2 — prozor; šalter Windsor /'winz /, 14 — gradić blizu Londona wine /wain/, 20 — vino winter /'wint /, 24 — zima wish /wiR /, 23 — željeti with /wiC /, 2, 5 — s, sa without /wi'Caut/, 10 — bez woman, women /'wum n, 'wimin/, 3 — žena wonder /'wUnd /, 21 — pitati se, čuditi se; čudo no wonder /nu'wUnd /, 26 — nije čudo wonderful /'wUndfl/, 18 — divan wood /wud/, 14 — šuma word /w9d/, 5 — riječ work /w9k/, 6 — posao, rad; raditi worker /'w9k /, 16 — radnik
