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7 / / E xa mp le 4−7 8 9 clear ; clc ; close ; // C l ea r t he work s p ac e and
consol e . 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
/ / G iv en d a ta R _a = 0.25 ; // Armature r e s i s t a n c e i n ohm BD = 3 ; // Brush c o nt a ct d ro p i n v o l t V = 120 ; // A pp l ie d v o lt a g e i n v o l t E_a = 110 ; // EMF i n v o l t a t a g i ve n l oa d E_b = 105 ; // EMF i n v o l t due t o a p p l i c a t i o n o f e x tr a l oa d
17 18 / / C a l c u l a t i o n s 19 I_a_a = ( V - ( E_a + BD ) ) / R_a ; / / A r ma t ur e
c ur re nt f o r E a 20 I_a_b = ( V - ( E_b + BD ) ) / R_a ; / / A r ma t ur e
c ur re nt f o r E b 21 del_E = ( ( E_a - E_b ) / E_a ) * 100 ; / / % c h a n g e
i n c o u n t e r EMF 22 del_I = ( ( I_a_a - I_a_b ) / I_a_a ) * 100 ; // %
c ha ng e i n a rm at ur e c u r r e n t 23 24 25 26 27
/ / D is pl ay t h e r e s u l t disp ( ” E x a mp l e 4−7 S o l u t i o n : ” ) printf ( ” \n a : I a = %d A ” , I _a _a ) ; printf ( ” \n b : At i n c r e a s e d l o ad \n
, I_ a_ b ) ; 28 printf ( ” \n c : d e l E c = %. 2 f p e r c e n t \n %. 2 f p e r ce n t ” , d el _E , d el _I ) ;
Scilab code Exa 4.8 calculate speed at different loads
1 / / E l e c t r i c M ac hi ne ry and T r an s f or m e rs 2 / / I r v i n g L k osow
56
I a = %d A ” del Ia =
3 4 5 6 7 8 9
// P r en t i c e H al l o f I n d i a / / 2 nd e d i t i om / / C h ap t er 4 : DC Dynamo T or qu e R e l a t i o n s −DC Motors / / E xa mp le 4−8 clear ; clc ; close ; // C l ea r t he work s p ac e and
consol e . 10 11 / / G iv en d a ta 12 V_a = 120 ; // Rated t e r m in a l v o l t a g e o f t he DC 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
motor i n v o l t R_a = 0.2 ; // Armature c i r c u i t r e s i s t a n c e i n ohm R_sh = 60 ; // S hun t f i e l d r e s i s t a n c e i n ohm I_l = 40 ; / / L in e c u r r e nt i n A @ f u l l l o ad Brush v o l t a g e d r o p i n v o l t BD = 3 ; // S _o ri g = 1 80 0 ; // Rated f u l l −l o ad s pe ed i n rpm / / C a l c u l a ti o n s I_f = V_a / R_sh ; // F i e l d c u r r e n t i n A I_a = I_l - I_f ; / / A rm at ur e c u r r e n t @ f u l l l o a d E _c _or ig = V_a - ( I_a * R_a + BD ) ; // Back EMF @
f u l l loa d 23 24 I_a_a = I_a / 2 ; // Armature c u r r e nt @ h a l f l o ad 25 E_c_a = V_a - ( I_a_a * R_a + BD ) ; // Back EMF @
h a l f l oa d 26 S_a = S_orig * ( E_c_a / E_c _or ig ) ; / / S pe ed @
f u l l loa d 27 28 I_a_b = I_a * ( 5 / 4 ) ; / / A rm at ur e c u r r e n t @ 1 2 5%
1 25% o v e r l o a d 30 S_b = S_orig * ( E_c_b / E_c _or ig ) ; / / S pe ed @ 1 25
% o v e rl o a d 31 32 / / D is pl ay t h e r e s u l t
57
Book Description Title: Electric Machinery And Transformers Author: I. L. Kosow Publisher: Prentice Hall Of India, New Delhi Edition: 2 Year: 1992 ISBN: 0876927754
1
Scilab numbering policy used in this document and the relation to the above book. Exa Example (Solved example) Eqn Equation (Particular equation of the above book) AP Appendix to Example(Scilab Code that is an Appednix to a particular
Example of the above book) For example, Exa 3.51 means solved example 3.51 of this book. Sec 2.3 means a scilab code whose theory is explained in Section 2.3 of the book.
2
Contents Listt of Sc Lis Scil ilab ab Codes Codes
5
1 ELECTR ELECTROMECHANICAL OMECHANICAL FUND FUNDAMENT AMENTALS ALS
11
2 DY DYNAMO NAMO CONSTR CONSTRUCTIO UCTION N AND WINDIN WINDINGS GS
27
3 DC DY DYNAMO NAMO VOL VOLT TAG AGE E REL RELA ATIONS DC GENE GENERA RATORS TORS 4 DC DYNAMO DYNAMO TORQUE TORQUE RELA RELATION TIONS S DC MOTORS MOTORS
37 49
5 ARMA ARMATUR TURE E REA REACTI CTION ON AND COM COMMU MUT TATIO TION N IN DYNAMOS 80 6 AC DYNAMO VOL VOLTAGE RELATIONS RELATIONS ALTERNA ALTERNATORS TORS 7 PARAL ARALLEL LEL OPER OPERA ATION
84 103
8 AC DYNAMO DYNAMO TORQUE TORQUE RELATIONS RELATIONS SYNCHR SYNCHRONOU ONOUS S MOTORS 129 9 POLYPHAS POLYPHASE E INDUCTION INDUCTION OR ASYNCHRO ASYNCHRONOUS NOUS D DYYNAMOS 182 10 SINGLE PHASE MOTORS
225
11 SPECIALIZED DYNAMOS
234
12 POWER ENERGY AND EFFICIENCY RELATIONS OF DC AND AC DYNAMOS 241
3
13 RATINGS RATINGS SELECTION AND MAINTENANCE MAINTENANCE OF ELECTRIC MACHINERY 298 14 TRANSFORMERS
317
4
List of Scilab Codes Exa 1.1 Exaa 1. Ex 1.22 Exaa 1. Ex 1.33 Exaa 1.4 Ex 1.4 Exaa 1.5 Ex 1.5 Exaa 1.6 Ex 1.6 Exaa 1.7 Ex 1.7 Exaa 1.8 Ex 1.8 Exaa 1.9 Ex 1.9 Exaa 1.1 Ex 1.100 Exa 1.1 1.111 Exa 1.1 1.122 Exa 1.1 1.133 Exa 1.14 1.14 Exa 2.1 Exaa 2. Ex 2.22 Exaa 2. Ex 2.33 Exaa 2. Ex 2.44 Exaa 2. Ex 2.55 Exaa 2.6 Ex 2.6 Exaa 2.7 Ex 2.7 Exaa 2. Ex 2.88 Exaa 3. Ex 3.11 Exaa 3. Ex 3.22 Exaa 3. Ex 3.33 Exaa 3. Ex 3.44 Exaa 3. Ex 3.55 Exaa 3. Ex 3.66
calculate calcul ate av avera erage ge vo volta ltage ge . . . . . . . . . . calc ca lcul ulat atee e an and dE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . cal alccul ulat atee E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . calc ca lcul ulat atee E fo forr diff differ eren entt the theta ta . . . . . . . . calc ca lcul ulat atee Eper Eperpat path h Eg Eg Ia Ia Ra Ra Vt Vt P . . . . . repea re peate ted d pr prev evio ious us eg wi with th 4po 4pole less . . . . . . calc ca lcul ulat atee Eav Eav per co coil il an and d per per coil coilsi side de . . . ver erif ify y pre previ viou ouss eg eg wit with h phi phi in webe ebers rs . . . . ver erif ify y eg1 eg1 5b wi with th eq eq11 5a 5a . . . . . . . . . . calc ca lcul ulat atee Z an and d Eg Eg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . calcul cal culate ate F and and find find its its direc directio tion n . . . . . . repeat repe at prev previous ious eg with with ang angle le 75 75 . . . . . . calcul cal culate ate cou count nter er emf . . . . . . . . . . . . calcul cal culate ate Eg Eg phi in in linespe linesperpol rpolee and mWb mWb . calcul cal culate ate a for lap and wa wave ve win windin dings gs . . . calc ca lcul ulat atee ge gene nera rate ted d em emf f . . . . . . . . . . . calc ca lcul ulat atee pol poles espa pan n p kp . . . . . . . . . . . calc ca lcul ulat atee kp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . find fin d al alph phaa n th thet etaa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . find fin d n alph alphaa kd fo forr diffe differe ren nt num number ber of slo slots ts calc ca lcul ulat atee Eg Eg Np Np kd kd kp kp Egp Egp . . . . . . . . . calc ca lcul ulat atee f S om omeg egaa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . calc ca lcul ulat atee I1 If Ia Eg . . . . . . . . . . . . . calc ca lcul ulat atee Rd Eg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . calc ca lcul ulat atee Vn Vnol oload oad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . cal alccul ulat atee E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . calc ca lcul ulat atee Ia Eg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . calc ca lcul ulat atee VR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
calcul calc ulat atee Vn Vnol oload oad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . calc ca lcul ulat atee Is IsNs Ns Rd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . calc ca lcul ulat atee Rd Vn Vnll Vfl Vfl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . determ det ermine ine app appro rox x size size of of dynam dynamoo . . . . . . . . . . . . calc ca lcul ulat atee fo forc rcee an and d to torq rque ue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . calc ca lcul ulat atee fo forc rcee an and d to torq rque ue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . calcul cal culate ate av avera erage ge for force ce and tor torque que . . . . . . . . . . . calc ca lcul ulat atee to torq rque ue de dev vel elope oped d. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . calcul cal culate ate arm armatu ature re cur curren rentt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . calcul cal culate ate tor torque que due to ch chang angee in in field field flux . . . . . . . calcul cal culate ate Ia and and perc percen entag tagee chan change ge in Ia and and E . . . . calcul cal culate ate spee speed d at diff differe erent nt loa loads ds . . . . . . . . . . . . calcul cal culate ate spee speed d with with inc increa reased sed lin linee curr curren entt . . . . . . . calcul cal culate ate pow power er dev develo eloped ped . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . conve con vert rt torqu torquee readin readings gs into into Nm and and lbft lbft . . . . . . . calcul cal culate ate Ist Ist and percen percentag tagee of load curr curren entt . . . . . . calcul cal culate ate Rs Rs at vari various ous bac back Emfs and and Ec at zero zero Rs . calculate calcu late field flux in percen percentt and final torque torque dev developed eloped calculate calcu late torque torque dev developed eloped for for varyin varyingg flux and and Ia . . . calcul cal culate ate speed speed at rated rated load load and and P and and hp . . . . . . calcul cal culate ate speed speed torq torque ue and and horsepo horsepowe werr . . . . . . . . . calcul cal culate ate speed speed with with and withou withoutt divert diverter er . . . . . . . calculate calcu late perce percentag ntagee speed regul regulation ation . . . . . . . . . . calcul cal culate ate no load spee speed d . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . calculate calcu late int internal ernal and exte external rnal torqu torquee . . . . . . . . . calculate calcu late outpu outputt torque torque in ounce ounceinc inches hes . . . . . . . . . calcul cal culate ate spee speed d and and tor torque que . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . calc ca lcul ulat atee Zp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . calculate calcu late cross and de magne magnetising tising ampere ampereconduc conductorsper torsper-pole and amperet ampereturnsper urnsperpole pole . .
