E560 FD Rel10 Part5 SCADA Functions

RTU560 Remot e Termin al Unit

RTU560 Func ti on Desc ri pti on Release 10 Part 5: SC ADA Fun ct ion s

Contents:

ABB AG

This document describes the SCADA functions of the RTU560.

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Revision Document number:

Revisio n

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Date

Descri pti on

0

6/2010

Initial version

1

05/2011

Update Release 10.2 New: Indeterminate position supervision for DPI

We reserve all rights in this document and the information containing therein. Reproduction, use or disclosure to third parties without permission is strictly forbidden © Copyright 2011 ABB, Mannheim/Germany

ABB AG

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Contents Revis io n ...........................................................................................III Con ten ts ........................................................................................... V Abbr evi atio ns .................................................................................. V 1

Int ro du ct io n ............................................................................ 1-5

2

SCADA Moni to ri ng Direct io n ................................................ 2-5

1.1 1.2

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.4

2.5

2.6 2.7

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Abou t t he RTU560 Funct ion Descri ptio n .................................... 1-5 Abou t t hi s do cu ment ................................................................... 1-5

Indic ation Processin g...... ............................................................ 2-5 2.1.1 Function Distribution .................................. ....................... 2-5 2.1.2 Binary Input Functions .............................. ........................ 2-5 2.1.3 PDP Functions of the CMU .................................. ............. 2-5 2.1.4 Error Handling ............................... .................................. . 2-5 An alo g Measu red Infor mation Pr oc essin g ................................. 2-5 2.2.1 Analog Measured Information (AMI) Types ....................... 2-5 2.2.2 Function Distribution .................................. ....................... 2-5 2.2.3 Analog Input Board Functions ........................................... 2-5 2.2.4 PDP Functions of the CMU .................................. ............. 2-5 2.2.5 Error Handling ............................... .................................. . 2-5 Digi tal Measur ed Value Processi ng ............................................ 2-5 2.3.1 Binary Input Board Functions ............................... ............. 2-5 2.3.2 PDP Functions of the CMU .................................. ............. 2-5 2.3.3 Error Handling ............................... .................................. . 2-5 Bit -string Input Value Processing ............................................... 2-5 2.4.1 Function Distribution .................................. ....................... 2-5 2.4.2 Binary Input Board Functions ............................... ............. 2-5 2.4.3 Error Handling ............................... .................................. . 2-5 Integrated Total Processin g ........................................................ 2-5 2.5.1 Integrated Total Value Types ............................... ............. 2-5 2.5.2 Function Distribution .................................. ....................... 2-5 2.5.3 Binary Input Board Functions ............................... ............. 2-5 2.5.4 PDP Functions of the CMU .................................. ............. 2-5 2.5.5 Error Handling ............................... .................................. . 2-5 Direct Interfacing of Current an d Volt age Transfor mer ............. 2-5 Log ic Func ti on s.................................. ................................... ...... 2-5

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3

SCADA Comman d Direct io n ................................................. 3-5 3.1 3.2

3.3

3.4

3.5

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Functi on Dist ribu tion......... .......................................................... 3-5 Object Comm and Outpu t........................................... .................. 3-5 3.2.1 Single Object Command Output........................................ 3-5 3.2.2 Double Object Command Output................................. ...... 3-5 3.2.3 Output Procedures................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.2.4 Object command outpu t limitations.................................. .. 3-5 Regul ation Step Command Output ............................................. 3-5 3.3.1 Functionality .................................. .................................. . 3-5 3.3.2 Regulation command output limitat ions ............................. 3-5 Setp oint Command Output ......................................................... 3-5 3.4.1 Analogue Setpoint Command Output ................................ 3-5 3.4.2 Digital Setpoint Command Output ............................... ...... 3-5 3.4.3 Setpoint output limitations ................................ ................. 3-5 Bit -String Output ......................................................................... 3-5 3.5.1 Functionality .................................. .................................. . 3-5 3.5.2 Error Handling ............................... ................................... 3-5 3.5.3 Bitstring output limitations ................................ ................. 3-5

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Abbreviations

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CMU

Communication and Data Processing Unit

AMI

Analog Measured value Input

ASO

Analog Set point command Output

BCU

Bus Connection Unit

BSI

Bit String Input (8, 16 bit)

BSO

Bit String Output (1, 2, 8, 16 bit)

CS

Control System

CSC

Command Supervision Channel

CS-Command

Clock Synch Command

CRC

Cyclic Redundancy Check

CTO

Common Time Object

DCO

Double Command Output

DMI

Digital Measured value Input (8, 16 bit)

DPI

Double Point Input

DSO

Digital Set point command Output (8, 16 bit)

EPI

Event of Protection equipment Input (1bit)

GCD

General Configuration Data

HCI IED

Host Communication Interface Intelligent Electronic Device

IIN

Internal Indication

IOC

I/O Controller (Controller on I/O Board)

IOD

Input Output Data

IOM

I/O Bus Master (Function of SLC)

ITI

Integrated Totals Input

MFI

Analog Measured value Floating Input

MPU

Main Processing Unit

NCC

Network Control Center

PB

Peripheral Bus

PBP

Peripheral Bus Processor

PDP

Process Data Processing

PLC

Programmable Logic Control

PPP

Point to Point Protocol

PSU

Power Supply Unit

RCO

Regulation step Command Output

RTC

Real Time Clock

SBO

Select Before Operate

SCADA

Supervision, Control and Data Acquisition

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SCI

Sub-Device Communication Interface

SCO

Single Command Output

SEV

System Events

SLC

Serial Line Controller

SOC

Strobe Output Channel

SOE

Sequence-of-Event Queue

SPI

Single Point Input

STI TSI

Step position Input (8 bit) Time Synch Input

TSO

Time Synch Output

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1 Introduction 1.1

About the RTU560 Functio n Descr ipti on The RTU560 Function Description consists of several parts:

1.2

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Part 1: Overview

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Part 2: Rack Solutions

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Part 3: DIN Rail Solutions

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Part 4: Hardware Modules

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Part 5: SCADA Functions

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Part 6: RTU560 Functions

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Part 7: Archive Functions

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Part 8: Integrated HMI

Overview of the RTU560 product family and system architecture Description of the RTU560 rack solutions Description of the RTU560 DIN rail solutions Overview of the RTU560 rack and DIN rail modules Description of the RTU560 SCADA functions Description of the RTU560 functions Description of RTU560 specific Archive functions Description of the integrated HMI interface

About this doc ument This document describes the supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) functions of the RTU560 in monitoring and command direction.

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2 SCADA Mon it ori ng Directio n The following SCADA monitoring functions are described for the binary input boards 23BE23, 23BE40, 23BE50, 23BI61, and the analogue input boards 23AE23, 23AI60 and 23PT60 as well as for the binary and analogue inputs of the integrated multi input/output boards of the 560CIG10

2.1

Indication Processin g There are two types of indications: 

Single point input (SPI)



Double point input (DPI)

Figure 2-1 shows the signal definition for SPI and DPI. Double indications are represented by two sequential bits within a binary input board. The normal state of a DPI is a non-equivalent bit combination (10 or 01). An intermediate state (00) is given during the runtime of a unit from one position to the other (e.g. an isolator from OFF to ON).

Signal state

Double point indication (DPI)

Signal state

OFF 1 0 ON 1 0 10 OFF

00

01 ON

ON

1

OFF

0

11

0 OFF

faulty position normal position

9

8

7

6

DPI 8 DPI 7 DPI 6 DPI 5 DPI 4 DPI 3

Figure 2-1:

5

1 ON

0 OFF

OFF ON

intermediate position

16 15 14 13 12 11 10

Single point indication (SPI)

4

3

2

1

DPI 2 DPI 1

Bit position within board DPI number within board

Indic ation Type Defin iti on

The definition of the bit position for ON and OFF can be changed for the whole configuration. If changed, this definition is also valid for DCO and RCO commands. Parameter:

Change ON and OFF connection point

(RTU Parameters)

Within an indication board, any type of binary input can be mixed but it has to be considered that a DPI can start on odd bit-positions only. Inputs not assigned to DPI or SPI may be configured to indications as pulse counters, digital measured values on bit string inputs. measured either with bit Digital position 1 or 9. values and bit string inputs must be configured as starting

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2-1

RTU560 Function Description Part 5: SCADA Functions

2.1.1

SCADA Monitoring Direction

Function Distribution The process data acquisition functions for indications processed by the RTU560 can be split into functions handled by the: 

I/O controller (IOC) of the binary input boards



process data processing (PDP) part of the CMU



protocol specific communication interface part at a CMU

The data processing functions of the communication interface is described in the documentation of the specific communication protocol. Binary input board functions: 

Reading input register (every millisecond)



Digital filter (contact bouncing)



Oscillation suppression (signal chattering)



Signal inversion



Time out monitoring for DPI intermediate position



Store events in FIFO with time stamp

CMU - PDP: 

2.1.2

Intermediate midpoint position handling for DPI



Command output response



Group signals



Transmission to internal communication

Bin ary Input Functio ns The IOC of the binary input boards supports the indication functions. The parameter of each function is loaded from the PDP part of the CMU at start up or if it has to be initialized. Some parameters are valid for all of the 16 inputs; others can be set individually per input. The binary input boards read all of the 16 inputs periodically every millisecond regardless of the specified data point type. The IOC handles the necessary activities for all 16 bits within that millisecond. Reading every millisecond allows the high event resolution for indications. Each board does this independently from each other for a block of 16 bits. If the data point is Blocked the status is set to ‘blocked’ and no changes are reported from the PDP.

Parameter: Blocked

(SPI/DPI– PDP Parameters)

Digital Filter The configuration parameter Digital filter specifies how many milliseconds an input has to be stable before it is accepted as a new signal state. The typical value is 10 ms. Digital filter is used to prevent ordinary contact bouncing. Parameter: Digital filter

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(SPI/DPI– PDP Parameters)

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If an indication has changed its state and should be transmitted as an event to the PDP, the time stamp of the event is the time of the last edge before the filter time elapsed.

input channel

1 0

digital filter time counter 255 digital filter time (e.g. 7 ms)

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

1ms

time

(a)

event into FIFO with time stamp of (a)

Figure 2-2:

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Digital Filter for Contact Bouncing

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Oscillation Suppression Indications which change their state very often produce a higher transmission load to NCC. To prevent a permanent transmission it is possible to specify an automatic indication blocking if the number of events per time period exceeds a defined value. Oscillation suppression may be activated or deactivated individually per indication. The configuration parameter is Maximum chatter frequency Maximum chatter Frequency is defined to:

MAX CHA FREQ



number of changes second

The monitoring period is calculated:

Tosc 

2000 [millisecon ds ] MAX CHA FREQ

Parameter: Maximum Chatter Frequency

(SPI/DPI – PDP Parameters)

Tosc is the monitoring peri od. The maximum value is 100Hz, a typical value is 2. The binary input board is loaded with the parameter. Each leading edge of 0->1 starts the monitoring period tosc. Within that time interval each leading edge increments the chatter counter register of that indication. The third change within that period puts the indication into the dynamically blocked state. The binary input board informs the PDP by an internal event. It starts a reset time period (fix to 60 seconds). Within that reset time, each new start trigger (0->1 edge) starts tosc again. If the indication state is stable for at least this reset time period, the binary input board informs PDP again by an internal event. Input channel 1 indication 0

chatter counter register

60 sec reset time 3 2 1 0

tosc

tosc

tosc

event into FIFO with status: Input = Invalid

Figure 2-3:

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time

event into FIFO with status: Input = Valid

Oscill ation Suppression

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Intermediate Position Handling for DPI The binary input board handles the two bits of the double indication. Signal state changes of the DPI are transmitted to the PDP. Intermediate positions (00) are indicated by a special status bit to PDP. The binary input board monitors the time window for intermediate position. The time out value is loaded as a parameter from PDP. If the DPI does not get a new end position within the allowed time, the binary input board generates an event with the actual state and status DPI intermediate position time out. FIFO storage To de-couple event bursts from I/O bus transmission etc., the events are stored into the binary input board FIFO (First in, first out buffer). Up to 50 events can be stored within the FIFO. If the FIFO becomes full, the binary input board stops its activities until there is space. Each event has a time stamp with a resolution of one millisecond within a minute. The absolute time is expanded by the PDP.

2.1.3

PDP Funct ions of the CMU The PDP receives all events out of the binary input board FIFO. The PDP handles all other functions specified for that indication. Comma nd output response The functionality of a response indication to stop a related command output pulse is described in the command processing section of this document. Intermediate Position suppression for DPI This function is only valid for double indications (DPI). Figure 2-4 shows how it is handled within the RTU560. The configuration parameter Supervision Time for Midpoint specifies whether or not a DPI message should be transmitted for the event. When the indication changes to a midposition (00), PDP keeps the first signal change internal. If an abnormal situation occurs, the message of the leading edge is additionally sent to the NCC and allows a more detailed analysis of the error situation of the unit. The parameter Supervision time for midpoint specifies the time window in which the RTU560 should inhibit the transmission of the mid-position (00). If the new state is not indicated to the RTU in this time the RTU generates a DPI telegram with the actual position (normally then 00). The qualifier IV (invalid) keeps 0, because this is a valid process information. Parameter: Supervision time for midpoint

(DPI – PDP Parameters)

Indeterminate Position suppression for DPI This function is only available for double indications (DPI). The configuration parameter Supervision time for indeterminate position specifies whether or not a DPI message should be transmitted for the event when the indication changes to the indeterminate position (11). If the supervision is enabled PDP suppresses the signal change to the indeterminate position. The parameter Supervision time for indeterminate positionspecified the time window where the RTU560 should inhibit the transmission of the indeterminate position. When the supervision time is over and the DPI is still in the indeterminate position RTU560 generates a DPI telegram with the indeterminate position value and the qualifier IV (invalid) set to false.

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Parameter: Supervision time for indeterminate position

(DPI – PDP Parameters)

Supervision ti me for mid point = active Supervision time 1 ON

Normal signal state change ON -> OFF

0

OFF 1 0 DPI 1 ON

Abnormal state change ON -> intermediate -> ON

0 1

OFF

0

DPI

1 ON

DPI

0

Abnormal state change time out

1 OFF

0

DPI

Supervisio n time for mid p oint = inactive ON 1 0 OFF 1 0

Normal signal state change ON -> OFF

DPI

DPI

1 ON

Abnormal state change ON -> intermediate -> ON

0 1

OFF

0 DPI

DPI

1 ON

0

Abnormal state change time out

1 OFF

0 DPI

Figure 2-4:

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Mid-Position suppression for Double Point Inputs

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Signal Inversion After having a stable indication signal, it is possible to define its logical state, corresponding to the signal voltage level. This function is called the signal inversion. The inversion is defined by a configuration parameter Invert the input value.

INVERSION = NO 0V Process Voltage

logical 0 = OFF logical 1 = ON

Table 2-1:

INVERSION = YES Process Voltage 0V

Defi niti on of Inversion

All other functions are then based on the signal state given by the inversion parameter. Parameter: Invert the input value (SPI/DPI – PDP Parameters)

2.1.4

Error Handl in g Binary input board f ailure A board can be set "out of service" if: 

the board has never been in service (configuration error)



the board failed during normal operation (hardware failure, I/O bus failure etc.)



the board has been removed or rack power was lost.



If a board is set out of service the qualifiers of all configured indications are set INVALID due to board failure. The RTU560 treats all DPI and SPI messages of that board with qualifiers IV = 1.

A board can be set in service again during runtime if: 

the board is replaced



power is turned on again in the rack



the I/O bus is working properly

When this happens, the following sequence recovers the indications: 

normalize the binary input board



load all parameters for the configured indications (done by PDP)



read all values (signal state)



Reset qualifier IV to 0 and transmit the actual value and qualifier status to NCC.

Dynamic Qualifi er Changes An indication can change qualifier status at runtime if:

ABB AG



the binary input board fails (qualifier IV = 1)



the oscillation suppression is activated and triggered for that indication.

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2.2

Analog Measur ed Inform ation Processing

2.2.1

Analog Measur ed Informati on (AMI) Types Each analog value is converted by the analog digital converter (ADC) of the analog input boards into a signed integer presentation. The presentation is shown in Figure 2-5. The 100% input signal value is represented with 12 bit plus sign.

[digits] + 4096

3000 e. g. - 20. . +20 mA

2000 1000

-20 -100

-15

-10

-5

5 25

10 50

75

15 20 100

-2000

[e.g. mA] [%]

Input signal

-3000

- 4096

Analog Value Presentation according to IEC 870-5-101

Figure 2-5:

Analog Value Present ation by ADC

The PDP converts the value to a normalized presentation.

2.2.2

Function Distribution The process data acquisition functions for analog measured information processed by the RTU560 can be split into functions handled by: 

IOC of the analog input board



Process data processing (PDP) part of the CMU



Protocol specific communication interface at a CMU

The data processing functions of the communication interface is described in the documentation of the specific communication protocol.

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Analog input board functions: 

Scan analog input cyclically



Zero value supervision and switching detection



Smoothing



Threshold supervision on integrator algorithm



Periodic update of RTU data base



Store events into FIFO with time stamp

CMU - PDP functions: 

2.2.3

Unipolar and live zero conversion



Scaling



Threshold supervision on absolute threshold value




Analog Input Board Functio ns The IOC of the boards supports the analog measured information functions. The parameters of each function and each AMI are loaded from PDP at start up or if the board must be initialized during runtime. If the data point is blocked the status is set to Blocked and no changes are reported from the PDP. Parameter: Blocked

(AMI – PDP Parameters)

Line Frequency and Scan Cycle Each channel scanned by the IOC of the analog input boards cyclically. The scan cycle is given by theisAC line frequency: 50

Hz:

580 milliseconds for all 8 channels

60

Hz:


 16.6

Hz:


The scan frequency is independent from the number of configured channels. The Line frequency must be equal to the analog input boards hardware setting (board wide parameter). Parameter: Line frequency

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(AMI – PDP Parameter)

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Zero Value Supervision and Switching Detection A low input signal can be forced to 0 %. This allows rejecting noise on the input signal produced by the transducer etc. The zero value supervision is configurable with RTUtil560 between  0.1% and  5%. The default value is set to  0.25 %. Parameter: Zero Range


The switching detection is a special function of the analog input boards. It is used to force a value update to PDP if a signal changes only some few percent from/to zero. The function is only active when threshold supervision with integration is selected. The threshold supervision on integrator algorithm would need some cycles before the threshold is exceeded and reported to NCC. This gives a transient situation, e.g. the 380 kV transmission line is switched but the actual current does not change more or less immediately. Switching detection operates in that form that every time a signal changes to/from 0 % from/to more than ± 2.5 % the new value is transmitted to PDP immediately. If the new value is below ± 2.5 % an event is not forced. PDP transmits the received value to NCC regardless of any other parameter. Switching detection is a fixed parameter and can not be parameterized

Figure 2-6:

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Zero Value Supervisi on and Switch ing Detection

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Smoothing Unstable input signals may be smoothed to prevent too many CS updates. Smoothing can be parameterized per input by the configuration parameter Smoothing. No smoothing can be configured. The smoothing factor is given in binary factors. Parameter: Smoothing

Figure 2-7:


Smooth ing of Analog Values

The IOC calculates the new value by the formula:

MWngl

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

MW  MWagl K

 MWagl

MWngl

=

new calculated analog measured value

MW

=

raw analog measured value (result of A/D conversion)

MWagl

=

last calculated value

k

=

smoothing factor (1, 2, 4, 8, 16, .. 128)

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Threshold Supervision on Integrator Algorith


m

Threshold supervision can be done in two different ways within RTU560. The decision of which method to take depends on the configured parameters. If threshold supervision with integration is selected, it is done via the analog input boards. The IOC calculates at each cycle the difference between the last reported analog value and the actual value. The difference is added to the accumulated value in the threshold difference register. If the accumulated deltas exceed the parameterized threshold value, the actual value is stored into the FIFO and reported to the PDP. The actual value becomes the last reported value. The threshold difference register is set to zero. The accumulation is done in consideration of the sign of the difference.

Figure 2-8:

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Threshold Supervisi on wi th Integration

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The threshold difference register is cleared if: 

the value exceeds the threshold value



the switching detection supervision was triggered



the value passed a monitored limit

The threshold value can be parameterized by Threshold. To be independent of the scan cycle the threshold is calculated on threshold integration per second. The threshold is rescaled according to the Line frequency: 50

Hz:

threshold base 1s

=

Threshold / 0.58

=

12%

60

Hz:

threshold base 1s

=

Threshold / 0.5

=

10%

threshold base 1s

=

Threshold / 1.62

=

25%

16.6

Hz:

Parameter: Threshold Line frequency

( AMI – PDP Parameter) ( AMI – PDP Parameter)

Perio dic update of RTU data base If a periodic update of the RTU560 data base is required, the analog input boards can be parameterized to transmit the AMI periodically. The configuration parameter Periodic Update specifies how often the data base should be updated. Parameter: Periodic Update

( AMI – PDP Parameter)

The periodic update is independent of threshold supervision with integration. That means a value might be transmitted twice to PDP in a cycle: 

caused by threshold exceeding



caused by periodic update

The periodic update time is selectable between 1, 2, 4, 8, 30 and 60 seconds. FIFO storage of th e analog input boards To de-couple event bursts from I/O bus transmission etc. the events are stored into the analog input boards FIFO. Up to 50 events can be stored within the FIFO. If the FIFO becomes full and the IOC has to store events it stops its activities until there is space. Each event has a time stamp with a resolution of one millisecond within a minute. The absolute time is expanded by the PDP. For each measured value written to the FIFO the IOC reads the actual time. The effective time quality is equivalent to the scan cycle of the analog input board.

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2.2.4


PDP Funct ions of the CMU Bipolar, Unipolar and Live Zero conversion The input signal type allows specifying unipolar input signals. That means a negative value is not allowed. The RTU560 flags a unipolar defined input signal with the qualifier invalid (qualifier IV = 1) if the value becomes negative (> Zero Value Supervision). Input signals with live zero presentation (standard = 4..20 mA) are transformed to the standard presentation of –100% respectively 0% up to 100 % by the PDP. The conversion is done in the form that: 

20 % of the input signal rage (standard: 4 mA) becomes –100% respectively 0% of the normalized AMI value



100 % of the input signal rage (standard: 20 mA) becomes 100 % of the normalized AMI value

Input signals below 20 % (4 mA) are set to –100% respectively 0%. For a value below 3,5 mA the AMI is indicated to be faulty (qualifier IV=1) The configuration parameter Input signal type specifies the input is a bipolar, a unipolar or a live zero signal. The configuration parameter ‘Input signal range’ specifies the hardware setting of the analog input boards. Parameter: Input signal range Input signal type

(AMI – PDP Parameter) (AMI – PDP Parameter)

Adjust zero value for live zero signal


Scaling The PDP converts the value to a normalized AMI format. The parameter Conversion factor specifies the percentage of the maximum input signal that is defined as 100 % of the normalized value. Parameter: Conversion factor

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Unipolar

Bipolar

1

1

100% -100%

-100%

100%

-1

-1

Figure 2-9:

Example unip olar/bipo lar Measurement

Live Zero

… 4 40 mA

1

1

1 … 5 mA 2 … 10 mA 4 … 20 mA 8 … 40 mA

8 16 24 32 40

20 40 60 80 100

-100

[% Imax]

-1

[mA]

-1

Figure 2-10 : Exampl e Live Zero measurements Conversion Factor

1

1

-100

Adjust LiveZero

204040 6080 100 60 80 100 [%]

4

12 4 20 12

20 [mA]

-1

-1

Figure 2 -11: Example “ Conve rsion Factor” and “A djust L ive Zero”

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Threshold Supervision on absolute Threshold Value Threshold supervision can be done on two different methods within RTU560. The threshold supervision on absolute threshold value is done in the PDP. In this mode the PDP checks each AMI received from the analog input boards against the last reported value. If the new value exceeds the last reported value plus threshold the received AMI will become last reported value and is transmitted to NCC. The threshold value can be parameterized by Threshold. The threshold is monitored every nn seconds. Therefore the analog input board transmits the actual value periodically. The period is given by the configuration parameter Periodic update. Parameter: Threshold


Periodic update (AMI – PDP Parameter)

Input [%] new value

100 new value new value

80 new value

threshold value

60

new value 40 New value transmission to CCI 20

time periodic update cycle (uc)

Figure 2-12:

Threshold Supervisi on on Abso lut e Value

Only one method can be used for threshold supervision. Either the integration method or nor absolute threshold.

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2.2.5


Error Handl in g AMV overfl ow and /or A/D converter err or s The analog input board checks at start up and during each conversion the functionality of the A/D converter. If an error is detected the AMIs are marked invalid. The qualifier IV is set to 1 and transmitted to NCC with the new state. For AMIs with live zero conversion, a value below 3,5 mA is marked as invalid.

Analo g i nput bo ards board failure An analog input board can be set "out of service" if: 







the board has been removed on-line or subrack power was lost.

If a board is set out of service all configured AMIs are set to the invalid state. The RTU560 transmits all AMI messages of that board to the NCC with the qualifier IV = 1. An analog input board can be set in service again during runtime: 

if the board is replaced



if power is turned on again in the rack



if the I/O bus is O.K.

When this happens, the following sequence recovers the AMIs:  

normalize the analog input board load all parameters for configured channels (from PDP)



read all values and update status



reset qualifier IV to 0 and transmit the actual value and qualifier status to NCC.

Dynamic Qualifi er Changes An AMI can change qualifier status at runtime if: 

ABB AG

the analog input board fails (qualifier IV = 1)



the live zero supervision detects a current below 3.5 mA (qualifier IV = 1)



the unipolar value is below – Zero Range (qualifier IV=1)



the value has an overflow of the ADC signal input (qualifier OV = 1)



the scaling by means of conversion factor gives a result of more than 100 % (qualifier OV = 1)

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2.3


Digit al Measu red Valu e Proc essi ng There are two types of digital measured values: 

Digital measured input value (DMI)



Step position input value (STI)

The RTU560 can handle different bit patterns to read and convert them into a digital measured value: 

8 bit digital measured value (DMI8)



16 bit digital measured value (DMI16)



8 bit step position value (STI)

The RTU can handle conversions for: 

binary data (BIN)



binary coded decimals (BCD)



Gray code (GRAY)

The maximum length of a digital measured value is the word of 16 bit (= one binary input board). Double word values (32 bit) are not supported.

Digital measured value presentation Each type is converted and scaled by the PDP.

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Figure 2-13:

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Digit al Measured Value presentation

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2.3.1


Bin ary Input Board Functio ns The IOC of the binary input boards supports the digital measured value (DMI) functions. The parameter of each function and each DMI is loaded from PDP at start up or if the board must be initialized during runtime. The binary input board reads all 16 inputs periodically every millisecond regardless of the specified data point type. The IOC handles the necessary activities for all 16 bits within that millisecond. If the data point is Blocked the status is set to ‘blocked’ and no changes are reported from the PDP.

Parameter: Blocked

(DMI/STI – PDP Parameters)

Digital filter The configuration parameter Digital filter specifies how many milliseconds an input must be stable before it is accepted as a new signal state. The typical value is 10 ms. Digital filter are used to prevent ordinary contact bouncing. Parameter: Digital filter


Consistency check A DMI is a bit pattern of 8 or 16 bit length. The value is valid only if all binary channels of the DMV are valid and stable for at least the consistency check time. This is given if no input changed for the parameterized consistency check time. Any change on an input channel re-triggers the settling time. The minimum settling time is defined by the PDP parameter Consistency check time. The minimum consistency time is 100 milliseconds. Parameter: Consistency check time


FIFO storage of binary input boards If a DMI has changed and is stable for at least the consistency time, it is stored into the FIFO and transmitted to the PDP.

2.3.2

PDP Funct ions of the CMU The PDP receives all events out of the binary input boards FIFO. The PDP handles all other functions specified for that DMI. Signal Inversion Inversion is only possible for DMI not for STI inputs. The PDP parameters Invert input signal and Invert sign of input value specify a bit inversion of the digital input value. The inversion of the sign bit can be configured independent from the inversion of the value bits. Parameter: Invert the input signal

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(DMI – PDP Parameters)

2-20



Invert the sign of input value DMI 8 Process Input Invert the input value

S7654321 PV

0V

0V

0V

0V

0V

0V

PV

Invert the sign

= NO

= NO

10000001

= YES

= NO

11111110

= NO

= YES

00000001

= YES

= YES

01111110 0V = 0V;

Figure 2-14:

(DMI – PDP Parameters)

PV = Process voltage;

S = Sign bit

Example for inv ersion of DMI8

Scaling and format conversion The PDP parameter DMI/STI Value presentation and Input signal type specifies which DMI type is connected to the binary input board. STI values are always handled as 7 bit signed integer, range -63 ... +63. For DMI inputs, the parameter Maximum value specifies the binary value that is converted to 100 % of the scaled DMV value. The binary value of the STI is limited to the range – 63 to +63. Parameter: DMI/STI Value presentation Input signal type Maximum value

2.3.3

(DMI/STI – PDP Parameters) (DMI – PDP Parameters) (DMI – PDP Parameters)

Error Handl in g Binary input board f ailure Binary input boards can be set "out of service": 







the board has been removed or subrack power was lost.

If a board is set out of service the configured digital measured values are to the invalid state. All DMI/STI are set faulty. The RTU560 transmits the DMI/STI values of that board to the NCC with the corresponding message and the qualifier IV = 1. Binary input boards can be set in service again during runtime if:

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







the I/O bus is O.K.

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When this happens the following sequence recovers the DMIs: 

normalize the binary input boards



load all parameters for the configured DMIs/STIs (done by PDP)



read all values




Dynamic Qualifi er Changes A DMV can change qualifier status at runtime if:   

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the binary input board fails (qualifier IV = 1) if the maximum value specified for a DMI input is exceeded (qualifier 0V = 1) if any digit of a BCD coded DMI input has an invalid code > 9 ( Qualifier IV = 1)

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2.4


Bit-str ing Input Value Processing The RTU560 can handle bit patterns to read them and convert them into a bit-string input value (BSI): 

8 bit bit-string (BSI8)







The maximum length of a bit-string is the word of 16 bit (= one binary input board). Double word values are not supported. A 32 bit bit-string input is only supported by selected subdevice communication interfaces. If an eight bit pattern is selected the residual 8 bit of the binary input board can be used for another digital value, for pulse counter values or indications.

2.4.1

Function Distribution The data acquisition functions for digital measured values processed by the RTU560 can be split into functions handled by: 

IOC of the binary input board






Protocol specific communication interface part at a CMU

The data processing functions of the communication interface is described in the documentation of the specific communication protocol. Binary input board functions: 







Consistency check



Store events in FIFO with time stamp

CMU - PDP: 

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2.4.2


Bin ary Input Board Functio ns The IOC of the binary input boards supports the bit-string input (BSI) functions. The parameter of each function and each BSI is loaded from PDP at start up or if the board must be initialized during runtime. The binary input board reads all 16 inputs periodically every millisecond regardless of the specified data point type. The IOC handles the necessary activities for all 16 bits within that millisecond. If the data point is Blocked the status is set to blocked and no changes are reported from the PDP. Parameter: Blocked

(BSI – PDP Parameters)



Consistency check A BSI i s a bit pattern of 8 or 16 bit length. The value is valid only if all binary channels of the BSI are valid and stable for at least the consistency check time. This is given if no input changed for the parameterized consistency check time. Any change on an input channel re-triggers the settling time. The minimum settling time is defined by the PDP parameter Consistency check time. The minimum consistency time is 100 milliseconds. Parameter: Consistency check time

FIFO storage of the binary input


boards

If a BSI has changed and is stable for at least the consistency time, it is stored into the FIFO and transmitted to the PDP.

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2.4.3


Error Handl in g Binary Input Board failure A binary input board can be set "out of service": 








If a board is set out of service the configured digital measured values are to the invalid state. All BSI are set faulty. The RTU560 transmits the BSI values of that board to the NCC with the corresponding message and the qualifier IV = 1. A binary input board can be set in service again during runtime if: 







the I/O bus is O.K.

When this happens, the following sequence recovers the BSI’s: 




load all parameters for the configured BSI’s (done by PDP)



read all values




Dynamic Qualifi er Changes A BSI can change qualifier status at runtime if: 

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2.5

Integrated Total Proc essin g

2.5.1

Integr ated Total Value Types


There are two types of integrated total values (ITI) defined in the RTU560: 

End of period reading counters (EPR)



Intermediate reading counters (IR)

Both types have only one source and the IR is only an intermediate value of the corresponding EPR. That means there is one ITI which is transmitted periodically in fixed periods.

Counts

Integrated Total Values with reset to zero at end of period The IR reading cycle must be 1/n of end of period time e.g.: if period = 60 minutes and n = 5 the IR cycle = 12 min

Period Intermediate reading cycle

Figure 2-15:

Period End of IR Period reading reading

Period End of Period reading

Period End of Period reading

time End of Period reading

Integrated Total Values Defini tion for EPR and IR

Integrated Total Value presentation Although the internal value representation is 32 bit signed integer the RTU560 supports on its local inputs positive ITI values only. This allows ITI values between: 

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0 .. and...+ 2 147 483 647

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2.5.2


Function Distribution The process data acquisition functions for ITIs processed by the RTU560 can be split into functions handled by: 

IOC of the binary input boards






Protocol specific communication interface part at a CMU

The data processing functions of the communication interface is described in the documentation of the specific communication protocol. 23BE23 functions: 







Increment integration register



Freeze integration register into relocation register

CMU - PDP:

2.5.3



Freeze and read ITIs periodically




Bin ary Input Board Functio ns The IOC of the binary input boards supports the integrated total functions. The parameter of each function is loaded from PDP at start up or if it must be initialized. Parameters can be set individually per input. The binary input boards read all 16 inputs each millisecond. If the channel is configured for integrated total a signal change of 0->1 is accepted after digital filtering to be a pulse count and increments the pulse counter register. Whenever the PDP sent a broadcast command to freeze counter values, the the binary input boards read the actual integration register and stores the contents into the relocation register. The PDP receives the f rozen ITI value from the 23BE23/23BE40.


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(ITI – PDP Parameters)

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Integrated Total Frequency The binary input boards can read ITI counter increments with a frequency of max. 120 Hz. The default digital filter is 10 ms (necessary when normal relay contacts are used). The ratio for the 0 and 1 state should be 1:1. Freeze ITI value EPR or IR readings are forced by the PDP periodically. The PDP sends a broadcast command to all I/O boards: "freeze ITI registers". Each binary input board on which ITIs are configured stores the actual integrated total register contents into a relocation register. This is done within the normal signal processing, the integrated total register continues counting. The frozen values are transmitted afterwards to the PDP.

2.5.4

PDP Funct ions of the CMU Reading ITI counter v alues and update ITI status Reading is done: 

for each configured IR cycle



for each configured EPR period

The frozen ITI values are read from all ITIs which are configured for the actual period. It is not necessary to have all ITIs in the same EPR periods or IR cycles. There are some qualifier information, which inform the NCC about the quality of the ITI. These qualifiers are updated at each ITI reading. EPR / IR parameters With the PDP parameter Acquisition of end of period reading ITI the transmission of EPR readings can be switched off or the EPR period in minutes is specified. The parameter End of period wrap around counterspecifies that the ITI value is not reset after an EPR reading. Parameter: Acquisition of end of period reading ITI End of period wrap around counter

(ITI - PDP parameters) (ITI - PDP parameters)

With the PDP parameter Acquisition of intermediate reading ITI the transmission of IR readings can be switched of or the IR period is specified. With Unit of IR cycle it is possible to decide whether IR period is defined in second or minute cycles. Parameter: Acquisition of intermediate reading ITI Unit of IR cycle

(ITI - PDP parameters) (ITI - PDP parameters)

CA = Counter was adjusted since last reading This flag is set if the counter is: 

restarted due to RTU560 restart



the time changed during the period / cycle (new time synchronization)

If the RTU560 system time has changed due to a new received time base (hard synchronization) the CA qualifier is set. CA is set if the time changed more than 5 seconds from the old system time.

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The flag is set in the first telegram of an intermediate value (IR) and in the first telegram of an end of period value (EPR). If the EPR telegram comes first the qualifier is not set in the following IR telegram.

IV = ITI is in valid This flag is set if the ITI value is not valid because the PDP could not receive the value from the binary input board.

Figure 2-16:

Reading ITI wi thin the RTU560

IT = Invalid t ime This flag is set in the time information element of the ITI telegram until the RTU560 has a valid system time and is synchronized after start up.

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2.5.5


Error Handl in g Binary Input Board failure A binary input board can be set "out of service" if: 








If a board is set out of service the configured ITI´s qualifiers are set to invalid due to board failure. The RTU560 transmits all ITI messages of that board to the NCC with an ITI message and the qualifier IV = 1. A binary input board can be set in service again during runtime if: 







the I/O bus is O.K.

When this happens the following sequence recovers the pulse counter values: 




load all parameters for the configured channels (done by PDP part of CMU)



read all values and update status



Reset qualifiers IV for affected ITI´s

Dynamic Qualifi er Changes An integrated total value can change qualifier status at runtime if: 

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2.6


Direct Interfacing of Current and Voltage Transfor mer The Current/Voltage Transformer Interface 560CVT02/10 is used for monitoring input signals from three independent phases with 3 or 4 wire connections. The following measurements are available: Measurement

Measurin g Path(s)

Voltage (V)

1-N, 2-N, 3-N, 1-2, 2-3, 3-1

Current (A)

1, 2, 3, N

Active Power Reactive Power

1, 2, 3,

Apparent Power



Power Factor

1, 2, 3, 

Frequency (Hz)

Phase 1 only





Accumulated values are stored in energy registers of the 560CVT02/10 as long integer values. On power up these values are reset to zero. The accumulated values are cyclically transmitted to the RTU560: 

Active Energy 3-phase



Apparent Energy 3-phase



Reactive Energy (Ind.) 3-phase



Reactive Energy (Cap.) 3-phase

The 560CVT02/10 provides a measure of the distortion (THD), in each phase voltage and current waveform, as a percentage deviation from pure 50 Hz or 60 Hz sine waves by Fast Fourier Transform algorithm (FFT): 

U1, U2, U3 % THD



I1, I2, I3 % THD

The measurements (AMI, MFI) are transmitted by the subdevice communication interface. While MFIs are handled in the same way, AMIs are treated differently by the 560CVT02 and the 560CVT10. To convert these values into a normalized representation 

AMIs are using the parameters ‘ primary rated value’ and ‘measurement range’ (560CVT02)



AMIs are using the highest possible value according to the conversion table in the instruction manual (560CVT10)

All measurements are representing the secondary output of the transformer. Parameter Primary rated voltage (560CVT02 parameter) Voltage measurement range (560CVT02 parameter) Primary rated current (560CVT02 parameter) Current measurement range (560CVT02 parameter) Potential transformer ratio Current transformer ratio

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(560CVT10 parameter) (560CVT10 parameter)

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For example: Secondary rated current

=

Current measurement range = 100

5 Ampere

(Value range: 1 … 5 Ampere)

0.5

(Value range: 0.01 … 1.20)

% = 2.5 Ampere (secondary)

Exampl e 120 V Range = 1,0

Value

Lower Limit

- 120 Volt

- 100 %

Upper Limit

0 Volt + 120 Volt

0 + 100 %

The Frequency is detected at the phase 1 voltage signal and converted to a normalized representation, using the parameter ‘nominal frequency’: Parameter: Nominal frequency (560CVT02 - parameter) Frequency

Example 50 Hz Nominal frequency

Value

‚Nominal frequency’ * 90 %

45,0 Hz

‚Nominal frequency’

50,0 Hz

- 100 % 0

‚Nominal frequency’ * 110 %

55,0 Hz

+ 100 %

The Power Factor (Phase 1, 2, 3 and ) is also a normalized value: Power facto r

Valu e

- 1,000

- 100 %

0

0

+ 1,000

+ 100 %

The Total Harmonic Distortion THD (V and C, Phase 1, 2 and 3) is transmitted in percentage as a normalized value: THD

Value

-

- 100 %

0

0

100,0 %

+ 100 %

All Energy Values are cyclically requested by the RTU560 subdevice communication interface and transmitted as Integrated Total Information (ITI): Parameter: IR / EPR cycle time

(560CVT02/10 - parameter)

Wrap around, Pulse quantity

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(560CVT02/10 - parameter)

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2.7 Logi c Functio ns The Logic function of the RTU560 provides the possibility to deduce virtual process information from process information and system events using logical operations like AND, OR, Dynamic OR or NOR. 

OR groups (>=)



AND groups (&)



NOR groups



Dynamic OR groups



Security indication



Security alarm

These Group information are single point information (SPI) data objects that are calculated from other SPI´s or System Events (SEV) or – in case of Security indication and Security alarm - Security Events by logical operations. A group information data object can be generated out of all single point information (SPI) and System Events processed in the RTU560. Group information can also be an input to another group information. The number of input signals per group information is limited to 32 signals. The group information output is communicated as SPI event on the internal communication. The calculation is done event driven, that means every change of an input object leads to a recalculation of the deduced process information object. They are calculated according to the configured logical function type from the selected input objects of type SPI or SEV. The time stamp of the event will be the time of the input signal which forces the new event message.

OR group The output signal of an OR group is set to 1 when at least one input signal is set to 1. The first signal, which is set to 1, forces the transmission of the OR group signal. The output signal of an OR group is set to 0, when all input signals are 0. The trailing edge of the last signal which is set to 0 forces the transmission of the OR group signal.

AND g roup The output signal of an AND group is set to 1 when all input signals are set to 1. The last input signal which is set to 1 forces the transmission of the AND group signal. The output signal of an AND group is set to 0, when at least one input signal goes to 0. The trailing edge of this signal forces the transmission of the AND group signal. NOR group The output signal of a NOR group is set to 0 when at least one input signal is set to 1. The first signal which is set to 1 forces the transmission of the NOR group signal. The output signal of a NOR group is set to 1, when all input signal are 0. The trailing edge of the last signal which is set to 0 forces the transmission of the NOR group signal. Dynamic OR group The output signal of a dynamic OR group is set to 1 every time a input signal is set to 1. Every signal which is set to 1 forces the transmission of the OR group signal.

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The output signal of a dynamic OR group is set to 0, when all input signal are 0. The trailing edge of the last signal which is set to 0 forces the transmission of the OR group signal. Security indication and Se curity alarm These two functions differ from all other logic functions by their input parameters: Generally, these functions have security events as input parameter. Security i ndication If one ore more input security event occurs, a pulse of approximately 100ms is generated at the SPI output. Security alarm A security alarm is similar to a Security indication, but the output is triggered only if any input event has occurred several times within a specified supervision time period. The event count and the supervision time can be configured in RTUtil560. In case of redundant CMUs the current event count and the current elapsed time will be reset if the active CMU fails, so it's recommended to monitor security event # 5160 ("RTU new started") to be able to recognize this situation. Qualifier for group signals A group signal qualifier represents the logical OR of the qualifiers of all i nput signals of the group information. That means, that if the state of one of the inputs is not equal to O.K., the output of the logic function is set to this state.

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3

SCADA Command Direction

The following SCADA functions are described for the binary output boards 23BA20, 23BA40 and 23BO61, and the analogue output boards 23AA21 and 23AO60 as well as the binary outputs of the integrated multi input/output board within the 560CIG10. In addition the functionality of the command supervision boards 23BA22/23, 23BO62 and the supervision function of the 560CIG10 is described. The RTU560 knows following output command types: 

Command Output

o Single Command Output (SCO) o Double Command Output (DCO) 

Regulation Step Command Output (RCO)



Setpoint Command Output



3.1

o

Analogue Setpoint Command Output (ASO)

o

Digital Setpoint Command Output (DSO)

Bit-string Output Command (BSO)

Functio n Distrib utio n Within RTU560, the different output boards and, if requested, the command supervision board 23BA22/23, are responsible to do the command outputs. They are coordinated and monitored by the PDP. The IOCs of the output boards are responsible to switch the output relays or to set the analog output value. They supervise and monitor also the hardware. Which kind of output is configured and wired on which channel is loaded by the PDP to the boards during initialization in a similar form as for the input boards.

3.2

Command Output Procedures Commands for objects can be given either in a one-step procedure (direct operate) or for higher security requests in a two-step procedure (select before operate). The two-step procedure decreases the residual error probability in command direction essentially. If the parameter Select before operate only is selected, a select before operate procedure is necessary. Bit-string outputs (BSOxx) does not support this parameter. Parameter: Select before operate only

(PDP Parameters)

If the PDP receives a SELECT command, it checks whether the object is available and if no other object is already reserved. If the check is successful, it acknowledges the reservation with a positive confirmation. The reservation is valid for 20 seconds. Within that time window, either the corresponding EXECUTE Command or a DESELECT command should be received. If not, the PDP clears the reservation of the object. If an EXECUTE command is received within the allowed time, it is checked, if the referring object is equal to the reserved object. If both objects are the same, the command is executed, otherwise the EXECUTE command is rejected and negative confirmed. The command procedure is finished, when the activation termination is transmitted for that command. ABB AG

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While a command object is selected, no other command objects within the interlocking scope of the selected one can be selected. Other selections will be rejected. If no object is selected, multiple process command objects can be executed in parallel using direct operate procedure. The scope of command selection interlocking depends on the configuration of parameter Process command interlocking mode. Parameter: Process command interlocking mode (RTU Parameters) 1. Interlocking per IO device / IO bus and group Selection is interlocked against other commands of same I/O bus segment and same command group (Command groups are Object Commands, Regulation Commands and Setpoint Commands). 2. Interlocking per object Selection is interlocked against same object only 3. Interlocking per object with command priority Selection is interlocked against same object only, but selection can be broken by a command srcinated from an srcinator (e.g. HCI, PLC, Integrated HMI) with higher command priority. Whereas HCIs with lowest host numbers has highest priorities, followed by PLCs, Integrated HMIs and RTU560 webservers. Select and execute commands can break the selection. In case a process command is rejected, because of a selection mismatch or command confirmation is pending, a system event SEV#242 .. SEV#260: ‘Process command collision with command of X’ is send to the srcinator of the rejected command. The system events contain information about the srcinator which srcinates the command causes the rejection.

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3.3


Object Command Outp ut Object command outputs (SCO or DCO):

3.3.1



can be wired for one, 1.5 and two pole switching



allows additional (1 out of n)-check (command supervision) 1.5 pole and two pole switching allows two step commands (Select before operate SBO sequence)



allows command termination by a response indication



allows persistent output

Singl e Object Command Outp ut A single command has only one output relay. It can be configured pulse ON or OFF command or as persistent output. Parameter: Command type

(SCO – PDP Parameters)

Single object commands can be wired with one relay contact per command (1 pole connection) or with two relay contacts per command (2 pole connection). Single Object commands are pulse outputs whereas the pulse duration is specified by the parameter Command pulse length per command. Only the configured direction is used for pulse output. The not configured direction is ignored. One relay is occupied within a binary output board. Parameter: Command pulse length

Figure 3-1:

ABB AG

(SCO – PDP Parameters)

Single Command definition: pulse output

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3-3



Single object commands are configurable as persistent output. In persistent mode an ON command switches the relay persistent on and the OFF command switches the relay to off.

Figure 3-2:

3.3.2

Single Command definition: persistent output

Double Object Command Output A double command has two independent output relays: 

one relay for ON direction



one relay for OFF direction

Double object commands can be wired with one relay contact per command (1 pole connection) or with two relay contacts per command (2 pole connection). Double Object commands can be pulse outputs whereas the pulse duration is specified by the parameter Command pulse length per command. Only one channel ON or OFF can be active at the same time. The two relays occupy two consecutive bits within an output board. The ON-relay is normally on the odd channel (1, 3, 5 …) and the OFF-relay on the even channel (2, 4, 6 …). Parameter: Command pulse length

Figure 3-3:

(DCO – PDP Parameters)

Double Command definition: pulse output

The definition of the bit position for ON and OFF can be changed for the whole configuration. If changed, this definition is also valid for DPI and RCO commands. Parameter: Change ON and OFF connection point (RTU Parameters)

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Termination of Comma nd Output by Response Indica tio n The pulse duration of an object command can be limited to the runtime of the switching device (e.g. isolator). The run time end is recognized by the new position indication. To prevent that the command is stopped before the new position is settled, a Command release delay time can be specified. The use of a response indication is specified by the parameters of the Response indication for each object command. The response delay time can be specified by the parameter Command release delay time. The default is 200 ms. Parameter: Response indication (SCO/DCO – PDP Parameters) Parameter: Command release delay time (SCO/DCO – PDP Parameters)

Figure 3-4:

Respon se Indic ation pro cedure

The response indication is a SPI or DPI message. Therefore, only the end positions (ON/OFF) can stop the command. It is not required that the reported indication state and the command direction (ON/OFF) do match. A new command from NCC is accepted only when the command is switched off, that means after the response delay time and the final termination of the command with ACTTERM to NCC.

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Object Command output withou t supervision The output board is doing the final output by switching the output relay(s). The Binary output boards monitor and check an output by: 

reading back the output bit pattern from the relay coils driver



supervision of the 24 V DC which switches the output relays



monitoring the output pulse time



indicating the command state by LEDs

Figure 3-5 shows the principle wiring for object commands in one pole technique. In two pole technique two relays per command direction are needed and will be switched by the binary output board (e.g. k1 and k9), see Figure 3-6. In that form object commands and regulation step commands can be mixed within a board.

Process Voltage

Figure 3-5:

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Process comm ands wi thout supervi sion (1-pole)

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Process Voltage

Figure 3-6:

Process comm and wi thout supervi sion (2-pole)

The coordination of the output board is done by the PDP. The interaction is shown in Figure 3-7. If a process command is received to switch the selected output channel, the assigned output board is requested to do the output. Procedure: 

Check if no other output is active etc.



Switch selected output relay



Start output pulse timer



Transmit a positive acknowledge (output active) to the PDP



Switch off output relay when the pulse time has elapsed



Transmit “output deactivated“ to PDP

The PDP monitors the output commands. If it does not receive the acknowledge information within time, it will stop the output by forcing the output board to stop. The binary output board acknowledges output active will response the command with Activation Confirmation to NCC.

ABB AG

1KGT 150 737 V001 1

3-7


Figure 3-7:


Interaction PDP command output without command supervision

Comma nd output wit h supervision To increase the security that only one interposing relay is switched at a time when a command is given, object commands can be expanded with the (1 out of n)check function. Figure 3-8 and Figure 3-9 show the principle wiring between the output board and the additional required command supervision board.

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1KGT 150 737 V001 1

3-8


Figure 3-8:

ABB AG


Object comm and outpu t wi th sup ervision (1.5-pole)

1KGT 150 737 V001 1

3-9


Figure 3-9:

ABB AG


Object comm and outpu t wi th sup ervision (2-pole)

1KGT 150 737 V001 1

3-10



Figure 3-10: Interaction PDP - Command output with command supervision

ABB AG

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3-11



The coordination between the two output boards is done by the PDP. The interaction is shown in Figure 3-10. When a process command is received, the output relay is switched first with a pulse time which is longer than the configured output pulse duration for that channel. After the output board has acknowledged that the output relay is switched on, the supervision board is started to check the output circuit and if positive to do the final output with the configured time for that channel. The 23BA22/23 allows checking two different output circuits with different nominal resistances. But only one channel can be active at the same time (P1 or P2). If the 23BA22/23 receives a request to test and switch a command on P1 or P2 the following sequence is started:  

Check that no other output is active etc. Select P1 or P2 for checking



Start to measure the resistance in the switched output channel (interposing relay)



Compare the measured resistance against the parameterized upper and lower limits



Abort all activities and transmit a negative acknowledge if the resistance is out of limits



Switch the auxiliary relays from “TEST“ to “SWITCH“ position if the resistance check is O.K.



Start the output pulse by switching the “GO“ relays which feed the process voltage to the selected interposing relay



Start output pulse timer



Transmit a positive acknowledge (command running) to PDP



Switch off “GO“ relay when the pulse time elapsed



Switch back to “TEST“ position



Transmit “command stopped“ to PDP

The PDP will then stop the output board by a stop command. The PDP part of the CPU monitors the output commands. If it does not receive the acknowledge information within time, it will stop the output by forcing the supervision board to reset and the output board to stop output. The assignment between supervision board and the output board and the upper and lower resistance limits have to be parameterized for each channel on the command supervision board. Two command supervision channels CSC (P1/P2) can be defined on each supervision board. On the 23BA20 board can be selected which command supervision channel monitors the board. For 1.5 pole connection, two channels can be selected (relays 1-8 and relays 9-16) .The command supervision is valid for all SCO and DCO commands on this board. It must be regarded that channels connected to the same route (R1 / R2) must have the same supervision channel CSC n.

Parameter: Check circuit number

ABB AG

(CSC – General Parameters)

Low limit resistance


High limit resistance


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23BA22/23 LOCAL mode The 23BA22/23 board has a push-button on the front panel which allows inhibiting any active output. This button is marked with LOC and a LED indicates if LOCAL is active or not. To switch from remote to local and vice versa the push-button must be pressed twice within 5 seconds. The LED LOC flashes -after the push-button is pressed once- for five seconds. As long as LOCAL mode is active, the 23BA22/23 discards any command and returns negative acknowledgements. The position of the LOCAL/REMOTE switch is sent to the NCC with system events # 64 to #95. If the LOC push button is pressed twice again, the 23BA22/23 switches back to remote mode and will accept and handle commands in the normal way.

3.3.3

Obje ct command output limitations Depending on the selected command output board, the user has to take care of the following limitations:

ABB AG

Feature

23BA20

23BA40

23BO62

23BO61

560CIG10

1 pole without supervision

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

2 pole without supervision

Yes

Yes

Yes

1.5 withpole supervision

With 23BA22/23

No

With 23BO63

No

Onboard

2 pole with supervision

With 23BA22/23

No

With 23BO63

No

Onboard

1KGT 150 737 V001 1

Yes

Yes

3-13



3.4

Regulati on Step Command Output

3.4.1

Functionality Regulation step command output (RCO) 

can be wired for one and two pole switching, and allows one and two step commands (select before operate sequence)



cannot be wired with command supervision

 cannot be terminated by a response indication The object command pulse length is described by the parameter PULSE LENGTH. The pulse duration for HIGHER and LOWER is the same.

Parameter: Command pulse length

(RCO – PDP Parameters)

Re-trigger of regula tions commands The output pulse duration of a regulation command can be expanded if the same command is received within the output pulse time and can be sent to the output board before the time elapsed. The binary output board starts the timer again. An output pulse can al so be shortened by a new command with DEACTIVATION flag. If a DEACTIVATION command is received, the running regulation command is stopped immediately (Support is communication protocol dependant).

Option RCO SEL

Start RCO ACT

Retrigger RCO ACT

Retrigger RCO ACT

Retrigger Stop RCO RCO ACT DEACT

Pulse duration without stop

Command output relay

Nominal pulse duration

Figure 3-11:

Re-trig ger/stop of a regulation command

The definition of the bit position for HIGHER and LOWER can be changed for the whole configuration. If changed, this definition is also valid for DPI and DCO commands. Parameter:

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Change ON and OFF connection point

1KGT 150 737 V001 1

(RTU Parameters)

3-14


3.4.2


Regulation command output limit ations Depending on the selected command output board, the user has to take care of the following limitations:

ABB AG

Feature

23BA20

23BA40

23BO62

23BO61

560CIG10

Regulation command

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

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3.5


Setpo int Command Outp ut A set point command is specified by an analog or digital set point value output. The output can be done with or without strobe. For a strobe output, the value is valid for the receiving unit during the additional strobe pulse output. One or two step commands are possible. The set point command types are:

3.5.1



analogue output value (ASO) Analogue output channel on an analogue output board (current or voltage output)



digital output value (DSO) Digital output on a binary output board

Analog ue Setpo int Command Output The analogue set point command output (ASO) can be done in two ways, with strobe or without strobe. The strobe output allows triggering the concerned unit when a new value is received. If this is not requested, the set point command can be done without strobe. Bipolar, Unipolar and Live Zero conversion The analogue output value is converted to an analogue output signal by the analogue output board. The Output signal type allows specifying unipolar output signals. That means, a negative ASO value is set to zero. Output signals with live zero presentation (standard = 4.20 mA) are transformed by the PDP. The conversion is done in the form that: 



0% of the normalized ASO value becomes 20 % of the output signal range (Standard: 4 mA) 100 % of the normalized ASO value becomes 100 % of the input signal range (Standard: 20 mA).

100 %

0% 20 mA (100%)

4 mA (0%)

Output Value Figure 3-12:

Liv e Zero Output Conversio n

The configuration parameter Output signal type specifies if the output is a bipolar, a unipolar or a live zero signal. The configuration parameter Output signal range specifies the hardware setting of the 23AA20 board. Parameter: Output signal range Output signal type

ABB AG

(ASO – PDP Parameters) (ASO – PDP Parameters)

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Scaling The PDP converts the value of a normalized ASO. The configuration parameter Conversion factor specifies the percentage of the maximum output signal that is defined as 100 % of the normalized value. Parameter: Conversion factor

(ASO – PDP Parameter)

Normalized ASO value [digits] + 100 %

e.g. conv. factor = 75 %

-20 -15 -10 -5 -100 -75 -50 -25

5 25

10 50

75

15 20 100

[e.g. mA] [% ]

Output signal

- 100 %

Figure 3-13:

ABB AG

Analog ue Value Conversion ASO

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Analo gu e Setpo in t command w it hout st rob e The analog output stays stable until a new ASO is received. Analo gu e Setpo in t command w it h s tro be For analogue setpoints with strobe, the corresponding Strobe output channel (SOC) should be configured to any output channel of a binary output board. The strobe Pulse length is configurable. The default value is 500 milliseconds. The ASO must be configured to an analogue output board. Parameter: Pulse length Strobe (SOC)

(SOC – PDP Parameters) (ASO – PDP Parameters)

The PDP coordinates the output of the analogue output value and the strobe pulse. There is a delay of approx. 50 ms between the output of the analogue value and the strobe. This delay allows the value to become stable. The analogue output stays stable until a new ASO is received.

Figure 3-14:

ABB AG

Set Point Command for Analogu e Output

1KGT 150 737 V001 1

3-18


3.5.2


Digit al Setp oin t Command Output A digital setpoint output (DSO) is an output of a normalized value on a binary output board. The following types are possible: 

Digital Setpoint Output 8 bit (DSO8)



Digital Setpoint Output 16 bit (DSO16)

The RTU560 knows conversions for: 

Binary data (BIN)



Binary coded decimals (BCD)



Gray code (GRAY)

The maximum length of a digital measured value is a word of 16 bit (= one binary output board, Double word values are not supported. Digital Setpoint value presentation Each type is converted by the PDP.

16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

23BA20 Output Channel

Conversion by PDP

(a)

16 bit unsigned binary data

(b)

S

15 bit + sign binary data

(c)

8 bit unsigned binary data

(d)

7 bit + sign binary data

S

(e)

0..9

(f)

S

0..7

0..9

0..9

0..9

4 Decade BCD unsigned

0..9

0..9

0..9

4 Decade BCD signed

0..9

0..9

2 Decade BCD unsigned

0..7

0..9

2 Decade BCD signed

(g) S

(h)

16 bit gray code

(i)

15 bit signed gray code

S

(j)

8 bit gray code

(k) S

(l)

S

= Sign bit / Sign position

Figure 3-15:

ABB AG

7 bit signed gray code

Digit al Setpoint Value presentatio n

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3-19



Scaling and Format Conversion A digital setpoint output is converted from a normalized v alue (+/- 100%) to a bit pattern output on 23BA20/23BA40 by the PDP. The PDP parameter DSO value presentation and Output signal type specifies which DSO type is connected to the 23BA20/23BA40 board. The PDP receives the bit pattern of the DMV. The PDP parameter Maximum value specifies the binary value output for 100 % of the DSO value. Parameter: DSO Value presentation

(DSO – PDP Parameters)

Input signal type


Maximum value


Digital Se tpoint Comma nd wi thout Strobe The pulse length of a digital setpoint without strobe signal is fixed to 500 milliseconds Digital Setpoint Comma nd wi th Strobe For digital setpoints with strobe, the corresponding Strobe output channel (SOC) should be configured to any output channel of a binary output board. The Pulse length of the strobe signal is configurable. The default value is 500 milliseconds. The DSO must be configured to a binary output board. SOC and DSO8 can be located on the same binary output board. Parameter: Pulse length Strobe (SOC)

(SOC – PDP Parameters) (ASO – PDP Parameters)

The PDP coordinates the output of the digital output value and the strobe pulse. There is a delay of approx. 50 ms between the output of the digital value and the strobe. This delay allows the value to become stable. The digital outputs are switched off at the end.

Figure 3-16:

ABB AG

Set Point Command for Digit al Output

1KGT 150 737 V001 1

3-20


3.5.3


Setpoint output limit ations Depending on the selected output board, the user has to take care of the following limitations: Analogue setpoint output

Feature

23AA21

23AO60

Without Strobe

Yes

Yes

With Strobe

With 23BA20

Yes onboard

Digital setpoint output

ABB AG

Feature

23BA20

23BO62

23BO61

560CIG10

8 Bit

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

16 Bit

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

Without Strobe

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

With Strobe

Yes

No

No

No

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3.6

Bit-S tri ng Output

3.6.1

Functionality


A bit-string output (BSO) is a persistent output on a binary output board. The following types are possible: 

Bit-string Output 1 bit (BSO1)



Bit-string Output 2 bit (BSO2)



Bit-string Output 8 bit (BSO8) Bit-string Output 16 bit (BSO16)



Bit-string output values are transparent mapped output channels. The output value is switched on the output board and stays stable until a new value is received from NCC for this output channel. The maximum length of a digital measured value is a word of 16 bit (= one binary output board, Double word values are not supported.

3.6.2

Error Handl in g Output Board Failure An output board can be set “out of service“ if: 








If an output board is set out of service, the configured output channels are set faulty due to board failure in the data base. The RTU560 indicates that to the NCC with diagnostic message. An output board can be set in service again during runtime if: 







the I/O bus is O.K.

If this happens, the following sequence recovers the output channels:

ABB AG



normalize the output board



load all parameters for configured channels by the PDP



clear faulty state in data base and update NCC

1KGT 150 737 V001 1

3-22


3.6.3


Bitst ring output limitations Depending on the selected output board, the user has to take care of the following limitations:

ABB AG

Feature

23BA20

23BO61/62

560CIG10

1, 2, 8 Bit

Yes

Yes

Yes

16 Bit

Yes

Yes

No

1KGT 150 737 V001 1

3-23



Note: We reserve the right to make technical changes or modify the contents of this document without prior notice With regard to purchase orders, the agreed particulars shall prevail. ABB AG does not accept any responsibility whatsoever for potential errors or possible lack of information in this document. We reserve all rights in this document and in the subject matter and illustrations contained therein. Any reproduction, disclosure to third parties or utilization of its contents - in whole or in parts –is forbidden without prior written consent of ABB AG. Copyright© 2011 ABB All rights reserved

ABB AG

1KGT 150 737 V001 1

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E560 FD Rel10 Part5 SCADA Functions

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