YJACK - MS 20170211 - BD for BP600mm WL2827kN TL5654kN ([email protected]) (1)

YJACK Technology Sdn Bhd (1086910-H) 25-2, Jalan Pandan Prima 1, Dataran Prima, 55100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. (TL) +6016-2168129/215812 +6016-2168129/2158129 9 (FX) +603-92026811 +603-92026811 (EM) [email protected] [email protected] (W3) YJACKpiletest.com YJACKpiletest.com | BDpiletest.com (SN) Facebook.com/YJACKpiletest Facebook.com/YJACKpiletest | YouTube.com

METHOD STATEMENT (US ASTM/D1143, Singapore SS/CP4, Malaysia JKR/20800, UK FPS/Handbook)

BD

BI-DIRECTIONAL (static) PILE LOAD TEST

YJACK Pile Test on Bored Pile: Pile Size BP600mm, Working Load 2,827kN, Test Load 5,654kN (This Method Statement is prepared for YJACK on Bored Pile. For YJACK on Driven Pile, please refer to other Method Statement.)

Project Name:

Proposed Subdivision of Part PT.20-1040179 For 10 Storey Town & Regional Planning Department at Jalan Tasik, Distric of Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.

Main Contractor:

Wijaya Daya Sdn Bhd

Method Statement for Bi-Directional (balance) Pile Test Method using YJACK Type B 20170211 Pile Size BP1000mm, Working Load 2,827kN, Test Load 5,654kN)

0.0 TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 INTRODUCTION 2.0 YJACK MODEL & ASSEMBLY LOCATION 3.0 YJACK FABRICATIONS & INSTALLATIONS 3.1 Fabrication on small piles 4.0 YJACK INSTRUMENTATIONS & PRESSURIZATIONS 5.0 YJACK TEST PROCEDURES & PLOTS 6.0 YJACK TEST REPORT 6.1 BD Test Curves 6.2 BD Analysis Curves 6.3 BD Acceptance Criteria 6.4 BD Friction Correction 6.5 BD Ultimate Load 7.0 WORK MATRIX 8.0 TECHNICAL CHIEF

ANNEXURE O: YCELL Product Specification Sheet ANNEXURE A: YJACK Balance Point Calculation Sheet ANNEXURE B: YJACK Fabrication Schematic Drawing Sheet ANNEXURE C: YJACK Instrumentation Schematic Drawing Sheet ANNE ANNEXU XURE RE D: YJACK Instrumentation Calibration Certificates (sample) ANNEXURE E: YJACK Pile Test Loading Schedule Table

ATTACHMENT A: Int’l Tech Paper 2013 – 2013 – State-Of-The-Art State-Of-The-Art of YJACK in Bi-Directional Pile Test (PILE2013 Indonesia) ATTACHMENT B: Technical Chief CV: Wai Yee Kong ATTACHMENT C: YJACK Installation on Bored Piles (YJACK Type B) and Driven Piles (YJACK Type C) ATTACHMENT D: International Standards for Bi-Directional Pile Load Test


1.0 INTRODUCTION

YJACK Technology, associated companies, distributors and resellers are specialists to propose, supply, install, test and analyze bi-directional pile test (single level or multi levels configurations) on the follo wing pile types: (1) Driven/injection close ended piles (+ H-piles), International World Patent (2) Drive/injection open ended piles (+ offshore), International World Patent (3) Cast in situ API-micro piles, and (4) Cast in-situ bored piles

This Method Statement mainly focus on installation and testing on bi-directional (BD) pile test to be carried out on cast in-situ bored pile, with pile diameter BP600mm to be tested to working load 2,827kN (WL) and test load 5,654kN (= 2.0*WL).

The objectives of the tests are to obtain the design parameters for cast in-situ piles and test will be executed as a single level bi-directional configuration.

The pile descriptions, YJACK model and capacity are summarized as follows:

Borehole No

BH-1

Pile No

PTP600

Pile Type

Bored Pile

Pile Size (mm)

Ø600

Piling Platform (m)

0.0 BGL

Cut-Off Level (m)

1.5 BGL (assumed)

YJACK Level (m)

60.0 BGL (assumed)

Toe Level (m)

65.0 BGL (assumed)

Work Load (kN)

2,827

Test Load (kN), 2.0*WL

5,654

YCELL Model

3GYJ3D400

YCELL Capacity (kN), in 1D

3,000

YCELL Capacity (kN), in BD

6,000

YCELL Quantity (NOS)

1

YJACK Capacity (kN), in BD

6,000 > 5,654

YCELL Stroke (mm)

80

BGL: below ground level YCELL: the single hydraulic unit prior to fabricate the YJACK


2.0 YJACK MODEL & ASSEMBLY LOCATION

There are many type of YJACK Model for different bored pile sizes and test loads. The selected model is 3GYJ3D400, in which: 3G: 3 rd generation design YJ: YJACK trademark 3D: manufacturing model design 400: the diameter of the jack

ANNEXURE O: YCELL Product Specification Sheet (Note: YCELL, is the single hydraulic unit prior to fabricate t he YJACK)

Positioning of YJACK assembly is determined based on static analysis on soil data. This is used as the basis to compute the expected skin friction and end-bearing capacities of the test pile.

The YJACK assembly location will ideally be located at the middle of total pile capacity (= skin friction + end bearing). The main aim of positioning the assembly will be to “ balance” balance ” the bi-directional bi -directional forces in the pile so that failure in one direction does not occur prematurely. The detailed location requirements will be based on the pile design and the soil conditions.

ANNE ANNEXU XURE RE A: YJACK Balance Point Calculation Sheet (assumed, not computed)

It must be stressed that all calculations are based on empirical formulae which does not imply that they are fail-proof but at the time represents the most prudent and accurate location based on available information and knowledge.


3.0 YJACK FABRICATIONS & INSTALLATIONS

Bored pile boring works wor ks will proceed under the piling contractor’s work plan. Upon reaching the final toe elevation, the pile bottom will be cleaned for concrete placement. The fabrication of the YJACK assembly will be carried out on site. The YJACK will be welded with the rebar cage at the location as determined from YJACK balance point calculations .

ANNE ANNEXU XURE RE B: YJACK Fabricat ion Sc hematic Drawing Sheet The hydraulic supply, telltales, grouting pipes (optional to be used for post grouting at split zone; and to be access tubes for ultra-sonic pile integrity testing) will be attached to the rebar cage. The rebar cage will be fabricated in few pieces (depending on the pile length) and spliced together over the bored hole.

A 12m top rebar cage will be ready to fabricate with YJACK.

The orientation of the YCELLs (single hydraulic unit) and positions will be fixed on a flat ground and welded together to become an YJACK (Step 1). Once the YJACK is ready, the 12m rebar cage will put on top of the YJACK (perpendicular) and weld together to fabricate as a single piece of JACK with the rebar cage (Step 2). Subsequently, connect 12m rebar cage with the another top 12m rebar cage. The hydraulic supply hoses and telltales will be attached out from YJACK connections.

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

The connections of the rebar cages shall compliance to the contractor’s method statement. It should be noted that, the contractor at project site shall use their most appropriate method to assist the YJACK installer to fabricat e the YJACK onto the rebar cage. Precautions shall be taken in order not to damage the hydraulic hoses, telltales and connections.


3.1 FABRICATION ON SMALL PILES

The first section of the reinforcing cage below the YJACK will be lowered into the bored hole and 1 st concrete placement will commence with suitable tremie pipe to reach the pile toe and until reaches 1m above the YJACK location. Pre-bore the 1m soft concrete before harden within 2 hours and cleaning the base. Subsequently lower down the upper rebar cage with YJACK fabricated to be seated onto the solid concrete surface. Next, the concrete will be placed up to the designed level illustrated below.

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)

Boring to depth & clean the pile bottom Lower down the bottom rebar cage & fix position perpendicular to pile axis 1 st time concreting until above 1m of split zone (i.e. YJACK location) Pre‐bore the 1m soft concrete before hard en within 2 hours & clean the base Lower down the upper rebar cage with YJACK fabricated 2 nd time concreting until pile top Apply load to YJACK after X-days


4.0 YJACK INSTRUMENTATIONS & PRESSURIZATIONS Measurement of YJACK Pressure

A calibrated electronic pressure gauge will be used to monitor the hydraulic jack pressure, from which the loading is derived by applying the calibration factor of the hydraulic jack to the pressure.

Measurement of Displacements

For measurement of the displacement of the YJACK (top and bottom parts), telltales will be used. The end of telltales will be connected to LVDTs (linear vertical displacement transducer) to measure displacements:

-

Four (4) measurements on pile top displacement combined with physical measuring

-

Four (1) measurements on YJACK up and displace ments

-

Four (1) measurements on YJACK down displacements

The following table is the general guideline for the quantities of the measurements to be used: Pile Top

YJACK(up)

(YJACK(down)

Pile Size < 600mm

4

1

1

Pile Size < 1,000mm

4

2

2

Pile Size < 1,500mm

4

3

3

Pile Size > 1,500mm

4

4

4

Reference Beams

-

For pile top measurements, two (2) reference beams w ill be cross-connected and laid on supports, firmly embedded in the ground

-

For telltale measurements, one (1) reference beam will be laid on supports, firmly embe dded in the ground.

-

The supports shall be far enough as required in the specifications or ASTM/D1143.

LVDTs (Liner Vertical Displacement Transducers)

-

Four (4) LVDTs will be fixed t o measure the pile top displacements (movements)

-

Four (1) LVDTs will be fixed t o measure the YJACK up displacements

-

Four (1) LVDTs will be fixed t o measure the YJACK down displacements

-

LVDTs must be in good conditions and calibrated half yearly with the range of 0-50mm with accuracy of 0.01mm.

ANNEXURE D: Pressure and Displacement Gauges Calibration Sheet (sample)

Leveling Instrument

Relative displacements of the pile head, reference beam supports will be checked by leveling instrument with accuracy 0.01mm. Readings will be made on vertical scale fixed on the reading points with accuracy 0.1mm.


5.0 YJACK TEST PROCEDURES & PLOTS

The BD pile test will be carried out when the bored pile is obtaining the required pile bearing capacity ( at least 14-days after concreting) to be determined by engineer to sustain the maximum required test load.

The YJACK will be internally pressurized using a common hydraulic system, creating an upward force on the shaft in upper friction and an equal, but downward force in lower shaft friction plus end bearing. As mentioned, the hydraulic jack load is determined by relating the applied hydraulic p ressure to load ca libration. A high-range calibrated pressure gauge will be used to read the pressure on the pump line with minimum 600Bar (or 60MPa).

ANNEXURE E: BD Pile Test Loading Schedule Table

The termination shall be subjected to Engineer’s instruction; or the load will be removed and testing finished once either one of the following criteria occur: i. A pre-determined test load has been achieved prior to reach ultimate capacity. ii.

The test pile reaches its ultimate capacity in either upward or downward direction exceeds the limit defined by the Engineer.

iii. The smaller value of 5% of pile diameter or maximum travel of the YJACK (80mm) is reached. iv.

The ultimate YJACK capacity is reached.

Load-displacement readings will be recorded accordance to the load test pr ocedure determined by the engineers, which generally adopting maintained load test procedure with the sample plots shown below for (i) Load-S ettlement, (ii) LoadTime, and (iii) Settlement-Time.

Sample (left):

Load~Settlement, Q~s Plot

Sample (bottom): Time~Settlement, T~s Plot


6.0 YJACK TEST RESULTS

Test report will be issued to the client with load-settlement Q~s curves upon completion of the test.

6.1 BD Test Curves

The test results are plotted as load versus displacement curves for the upward and downward displacements independently as recommended by Singapore S tanda rd S S/CP 4 (2 003), Figure 7.16(b) :

6.2 Equivalent Q-s Curve ( by analytical method)

The two (2) component curves as illustrated in Section 6.1 may then be utilized to construct an equivalent pile-top load (Q) versus displacement curve (s) as recommended by Singa pore Stand ard SS/C P4 (2003 ), Figur e 7 .16(c ):


6.3 BD Acceptance Criteria

The Q-s curve from Section 6.2 will be utilized to compare with the acceptance criteria as defined by the Engineer.

6.4 BD Friction Correction

In bi-directional testing, the hydraulic jack is pushing the pile top section in upward direction. In other words, the pile top section is subjected to tension load behavior. I n order to simulate the compressive load behavior , the following skin friction correction factor, γ, at pile top section shall be taken in considerations as follows: Soil Type

Friction Correction Factor, γ

Friction At Pile Top Section

Corrected Friction At Pile Top Section

Sand

0.7

Qu(top)

Qu(top)/0.7

Clay

0.8

Qu(top)

Qu(top)/0.8

Rock

1.0

Qu(top)

Qu(top)/1.0

Note: for different soil layers, take average values of γ

6.6 BD Ultimate Load

The test pile ultimate load, Qu = Qu(top)/γ + Qu(bottom) – W(weight of pile top section); must exceed t he Q(test load).


7.0 WORK MATRIX No

Item

Scope of Works [S]

A

[D]

Remarks

[C]

YJACK Consumables

1

YJACK apparatus



Whole set of instruments, pipes,

2

Calibration certificates



hoses, telltales used for BD pile test

3

Hydraulic hoses



instrumentations will be supplied by

4

Telltale wires



Distributor

5

Pipes to protect hoses and wires



B

Man Power during Installation

1

Welding: YJACK Installation



The welder shall be competent so

2

General workers (when required)



that YJACK integrity is maintained

3

Supervision: YJACK installation

C



Equipment during Installation

1

Welding set



Service crane to lift YJACK; or use

2

Service crane



boring rig

D

Setup for BD Pile Test

1

Reference beam



Generally provided by piling/main

2

Lighting



contractor or 3rd party such as testing

3

Shelter



service provider

4

Physical leveling measurements



E

Reusable for BD Pile Test

1

Hydraulic pump and pressure gauge



Generally provided by Distributor

2

LVDTs



cum a testing service provider

3

Data logger



4

Wheels & weights



[S] YJACK Supplier; [D] Appointed Distributor; [C] Piling/Main Contractor


8.0 TECHNICAL CHIEF

Mr WAI, Yee Kong, 25 years in piling and testing industry since 1991 (Attachment A & B): 

1991: Bachelor in Civil Engineering (Hons), UTM



1991: Research Officer in dynamic pile testing (hardware & software), UTM



1994: Pile Test Engineer in private firms



2000: USPTO Patent Holder for new dynamic pile test method (YLOAD Method)



2004: Certified Pile Test Engineer (Advance Level), Deep Foundation Institute/USA



2008: Key Trainer in dynamic pile testing (Asia Pacific Countries)



2014: MyIPO Malaysian Patent Pending for static pile load test method (YJACK)



2015: PCT World Patent Pending for static pile load test method (YJACK)



2015: Int’l Invention and Innovation Expo (ITEX15) Gold Medal for YJACK



2015: Int’l Construction Industry Council (CIC) Innovation Award 2015 for YJACK



2016: Int’l Global CleanTech Innovation Program (GCIP) Award 2016 for YJACK



2016: Appointed Advisory Panel Member for Construction Industry Competency Blueprint, CIDB Malaysia

Mr Wai is the Founder and Executive Vice President (Technical) of the company for all the technical cum operational matters. He has 25 year experiences in static and d ynamic pile testing, and became Certified Pile Test Engineer (Advance Level) in 2004, accredited by Deep Foundations Institute, United States (DFI/USA).

He is the inventor and has the technical know-how of the YJACK. He leads a team of engineers and technicians in Asia Pacific Countries in the productions and installations of the YJACK.

As an entrepreneur, Mr Wai had established good reputations and contacts with governments, clients, contractors and counterparts in the industry. His technical expertise is beyond doubt in the pile testing industry. He is always the point of reference for the consultants and engineers if any issue pertaining to the pile testing arises.

He had also presented many technical papers in the international conferences: 

Dynamic Pile Test Tech Paper 1997 – Impact Load Analogy in Pile Driving (Hong Kong)



Dynamic Pile Test Tech Paper 2003 – PileTalk 2003 New Breakthrough in Testing (Malaysia)



Dynamic Pile Test Tech Paper 2003 – Impact Load Theory - A New Testing Method (China)



Dynamic Pile Test Tech Paper 2003 – Advance Analysis in Low-Strain Pile Integrity Test (China)



Dynamic Pile Test Tech Paper 2005 – Conventional and Innovative Methods in Pile Driving and Testing (Indonesia)



Dynamic Pile Test Tech Paper 2013 – 22 Years Experiences in High-Strain Dynamic Load Test (PILE2013 Indonesia)



Static Pile Test Tech Paper 2013 – State-Of-The-Art of YJACK in Bi-Directional Pile Test (PILE2013 Indonesia)

Method Statement for Bi-Directional (balance) Pile Test Method using YJACK 20170211 Test Pile BP600mm, Working Load 1,500kN, Test Load 3,750kN)

ANNEXURE ANNEXURE O: YCELL Product Specification Sheet

YJACK Technology Sdn Bhd (1086910-H) No 25-2, Jalan Pandan Prima 1, Dataran Pandan Prima, 5510 0 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. (TL)+6016-2168129/2158129 (W3)www.YJACKpiletest.com (FB)Facebook.com/YJACKpiletest

YCELL Hydraulic Jack Specifications Effective Date: 20160101

s e i r e S L L E C Y

l e d o M L L E C Y

t h g i e H k c a J

) x a m ( t h g i e H n o t s i P

H

H1

w

A

Ae

F

mm mm mm mm

kg

mm2

mm2

kN

r e t e m a i D r e t u O

k c i h T l l a W

D

t

t h g i e W t i n U

a e r A l a c i s y h P

a e r A e v i t c e f f E

e c r o F l a n i m o N

e r u s s e r P l a n i m r o N

p

e r u s s e r P d e t s e T

p1

MPa MPa

YCELL 300

3GYJ2D300

325

10 150 120

28

73,062

67,500

1,350 20.0 22.0

YCELL 300

3GYJ2D300s

325

10 150 120

28

73,062

67,500

1,650 24.4 26.9

YCELL 300

3GYJ3D300

325

10 150 120

28

73,062

67,500

2,000 29.6 32.6

YCELL 300

3GYJ4D300

325

10 150 120

28

73,062

67,500

2,800 41.5 45.6

YCELL 400

3GYJ2D400

425

14 150 120

46 123,786 117,500

2,350 20.0 22.0

YCELL 400

3GYJ2D400s

425

14 150 120

46 123,786 117,500

2,600 22.1 24.3

YCELL 400

3GYJ3D400

425

14 150 120

46 123,786 117,500

3,000 25.5 28.1

YCELL 400

3GYJ4D400

425

14 150 120

46 123,786 117,500

3,800 32.3 35.6

YCELL 500

3GYJ2D500

500

25 150 120

88 159,044 145,500

3,100 21.3 23.4

YCELL 500

3GYJ2D500s

500

25 150 120

88 159,044 145,500

4,050 27.8 30.6

YCELL 500

3GYJ3D500

500

25 150 120

88 159,044 145,500

4,950 34.0 37.4

YCELL 500

3GYJ4D500

500

25 150 120

88 159,044 145,500

5,800 39.9 43.8

YCELL with Flat Jack Design

YCELL Pressurization Mechanism

(Patented Technology since 2010)

(The pile top and bottom sections still partially integrated.)


ANNEXURE ANNEXURE A: YJACK Balance Point Calculation Sheet

. . ................................The balance point (or level) shall be computed based on soil investigation bore holes results. . . . ...............................................................Pile Top Section Skin Friction F(top) . . .............Balance Point Level ......... .. ...............................................................Pile Bottom Section Skin Friction F(bottom) .. ...............................................................End Bearing at Pile Base E(base) . ........................... ......................Balance Point Equation: F(top) = F(bottom + E(base)

Sample Bore Hole


ANNEXURE ANNEXURE B: YJACK Fabrication Schematic Drawing Sheet

MAIN BAR (refer to Engineer Drawing)

YJ3D400 Ø425mm

4*NOS YJ3D400 F(BD)= 6,000kN (Test Load = 5,654kN)

Ø600

PLAN VIEW

MAIN BAR (refer to Engineer Drawing)

150

15151515

ELEVATION VIEW YJACK Test Pile BP Ø600; Working Load = 2,827kN; Test Load = 5,654kN Project Name: Proposed Subdivision For 10 Storey Town & Regional Planning Department at Jalan Tasik, Distric of Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. Project ID: YJMY-KK-SABAH


ANNEXURE ANNEXURE C: YJACK Instrumentation Schematic Drawing Sheet

Reference Beams for Telltales Displacements (up/down) T1

T3

T1

Reference Beams for Pile Top Displacements (refer ASTM/D1143 for reference beams setting up specifications)

P3

P4

P2

P1

DL

HP

[PILING PLATFORM]

 PILE

CUT-OFF LEVEL

 CASING

TOE LEVEL

PLEASE READ IN-CONJUCTION TO DRAWING YJACK FABRICATION SCHEMATIC: T1: LVDT FOR TELLTALE PAIR 1 (TU1/TD1) P1: LVDT FOR PILE TOP 1 (PT1) P2: LVDT FOR PILE TOP 2 (PT2) P3: LVDT FOR PILE TOP 3 (PT3) P4: LVDT FOR PILE TOP 4 (PT4) HP: Hydraulic Pump with Pressure Gauge DL: Data Logger (Load Test Automatic System)

HYDRAULIC HOSES (cable tie along the rebar cage)

TELLTALES UP/DOWN (cable tie along the rebar cage)

 START SOCKETING LEVEL

(for rock socket condition)

SOCKETED LENGTH X

SPLIT ZONE

SOCKETED LENGTH Y

 PILE TOE LEVEL

YJACK Test Pile BP Ø600; Working Load = 2,827kN; Test Load = 5,654kN Project Name: Proposed Subdivision For 10 Storey Town & Regional Planning Department at Jalan Tasik, Distric of Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. Project ID: YJMY-KK-SABAH


ANNEXURE ANNEXURE D: YJACK Instrumentation Calibration Certificates


ANNEXURE ANNEXURE E: YJACK Pi le Test Loadin g Schedul e Table

YJACK Technology Sdn Bhd (1086910-H)

Loading Schedule

25-2, Jalan Pandan Prima 1, Dataran Pandan Prima, 55100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (W)www.YJACKpiletest.com

Bi-Directional Pile Load Test (BDPLT), Reaction System: YJACK System, Test Procedure: Maintained Load Test (MLT)

Loading Schedule Table Sheet for Pile Size BP1000; Working Load 9,360kN, Test Load 23,400kN Project Name: AEON Maluri, Cheras. Test Pile Data Pile Type: Bored Pile Pile Size: Work Load in F(BD): Test Load in F(BD): Safety Factor: Applied Working Load in F(1D): Applied Test Load in F(1D): Test Load to Failure in F(1D): BD: bi-rectional load; 1D: single or uni-directional load

YJACK Data 600 mm 2,827 kN 5,654 kN 2.0 kN 1,414 kN 2,827 kN - kN*

Load Schedule Table for Maintain Load Testing using Bi-Directional Pile Load Test using YJACK Working Load Applied Load F(1D) Pressure Reading Pressure Reading Holding Time (%) (kN) (N/mm2) (BAR) (min)* 25 353.4 3.0 30.1 60 50 706.8 6 .0 60.1 60 75 1,060.1 9.0 90.2 60 100 1,413.5 12.0 120.3 360 75 1,060.1 9.0 90.2 60 50 706.8 6 .0 60.1 60 25 353.4 3.0 30.1 60 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 60 25 353.4 3.0 30.1 60 50 706.8 6 .0 60.1 60 75 1,060.1 9.0 90.2 60 100 1,413.5 12.0 120.3 60 125 1,766.9 15.0 150.4 60 150 2,120.3 18.0 180.4 60 175 2,473.6 21.1 210.5 60 200 2,827.0 24.1 240.6 1440 150 2,120.3 18.0 180.4 60 100 1,413.5 12.0 120.3 60 50 706.8 6 .0 60.1 60 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 60 2880 * Settlement Rate: < 0.05mm/15mins or Holding Time: min 2 hours achieved 48

YJACK | World's Patents. The best bi-directional pile test.

YCELL Model: 3GYJ4D300 YCELL Stroke: YCELL Capacity in F(BD): YCELL Effective Area: YCELL Quantity: YJACK Capacity in F(BD): YJACK Effective Area:

Read Time (min)

80 mm 6,000 kN 117,500 mm2 1 NOS 6,000 kN 117,500 mm2

Test Load F(BD) (kN)

15 15 15 15 then 60 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 then 60 15 15 15 15 test duration in minutes test duration in hours

707 1,414 2,120 2,827 2,120 1,414 707 0 707 1,414 2,120 2,827 3,534 4,241 4,947 5,654 4,241 2,827 1,414 0

use γ value 0.8 Corrected Load (kN) 795 1,590 2,385 3,180 2,385 1,590 795 0 795 1,590 2,385 3,180 3,975 4,771 5,566 6,361 4,771 3,180 1,590 0

Page | 1 of 1


ATTACHMENT ATTACHMENT A: Technical Chief CV: Wai Yee Kong

Wai Yee Kong, Resume, October 2016

Mr Wai Yee Kong (Yekong Wai) Company Address Contact Social

: YJACK Professional Group : 20-2, Jalan Pandan Prima 1, Dataran Pandan Prima, 55100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. : [email protected] | www.YJACKpiletest.com | : yekong2012 | YouTube.com/YJACKpiletest | Facebook.com/YJACKpiletest |

EDUCATION Bachelor in Civil Engineering (Hons), 1991 TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF MALAYSIA (UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA, UTM)

SUMMARY Mr WAI, Yee Kong (male), 25 years in piling and testing industry since 1991: 1991: Bachelor in Civil Engineering (Hons), UTM 1991: Research Officer in dynamic pile testing (hardware & software), UTM 1994: Pile Test Engineer in private firms 2000: USPTO Patent Holder for new dynamic pile test method (YLOAD Method) 2004: Certified Pile Test Engineer (Advance Level), Deep Foundation Institute/USA 2008: Key Trainer in dynamic pile testing (Asia Pacific Countries) 2014: MyIPO Malaysian Patent for static pile load test method (YJACK) 2015: PCT World Patent for static pile load test method (YJACK) 2015: Int’l Invention and Innovation Expo (ITEX15) Gold Medal for YJACK 2015: Int’l Construction Industry Council (CIC) Innovation Award 2015 for YJACK 2016: Int’l Global CleanTech Innovation Program (GCIP) Award 2016 for YJACK 2016: Appointed Advisory Panel Member for Construction Industry Competency Blueprint Mr Wai is the Founder and Executive Vice President (Technical) of the company for all the technical cum operational matters. He has 25 years experiences in static and dynamic pile testing, and became Certified Pile Test Engineer (Advance Level) in 2004, accredited by Deep Foundations Institute, United States (DFI/USA). He is the inventor and has the technical know-how of the YJACK. He leads a team of engineers and technicians in Asia Pacific in the installations and testing of the YJACK. As an entrepreneur, Mr Wai had established good reputations and contacts with governments, clients, contractors and counterparts in the industry. His technical expertise is beyond doubt in the pile testing industry. He is always the point of reference for the consultants and engineers if any issue pertaining to the pile testing arises. With the recognitions as the pile testing specialist, Mr Wai has been appointed as an Advisory Panel Member for Construction Industry Competency Blueprint (CICB) of Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB), Malaysia. He had also presented many Dynamic Test Tech Paper Dynamic Test Tech Paper Dynamic Test Tech Paper Dynamic Test Tech Paper Dynamic Test Tech Paper Dynamic Test Tech Paper      

technical papers in the international conferences: 1997 – Impact Load Analogy in Pile Driving (Hong Kong) 2003 – PileTalk 2003 New Breakthrough in Testing (Malaysia) 2003 – Impact Load Theory - A New Testing Method (China) 2003 – Advance Analysis in Low-Strain Pile Test (China) 2005 – Innovative in Pile Driving and Testing (Indonesia) 2013 – 22 Years Experiences in High-Strain Test (PILE2013)


PROFILE Pile Test Specialist (Static, Dynamic, Bi-Directioncal, Imaging) Certified Pile Tester (US/DFI Advance Level Certified, 2004) USPTO US Patent Holder (YLOAD Dynamic Pile Test Method, 2000) PCT World Patent Holder (YJACK Static Pile Test Method, 2014)

ADVISOR Traswaja Pile Testing Sdn Bhd, West Malaysia (pile design and testing, since 2008) Geospec PileTech Sdn Bhd, East Malaysia (pile design and testing, since 2002) Geotech Enginering Sdn Bhd, South Malaysia (pile design and testing, since 2006) GGK Pile Testing PT, Jakarta (pile design and testing, since 2005) Infratech ASTM Co Ltd, Bangkok (pile design and testing, since 2012) Intell-Equipment Designer, Beijing (bi-directional pile test method, since 2014) Bakat Geotechnique Pte Ltd, Singapore (pile design and testing, since 2015) Bakat Geo Teknik PT, Jakarta (pile design and testing, since 2016) Nattest Lab Sdn Bhd, South Malaysia (pile design and testing, since 2016)

CAREER YJACK PROFESSIONAL GROUP

2014/02 - Present Founder, Vice President (Technical)   

technical support for YJACK bi-directional pile test on bored and driven piles product development on autoYJACK bi-directional pile test on offshore piles international marketing to South East Asia and Asia Pacific countries

TECHNOSTAR PROFESSIONAL GROUP 2008/08 – 2014/02 International Marketing Chief   

technical support for all dynamic pile testing analysis and reporting international trainings, examinations and proficiency tests for pile testing international marketing to South East Asia and Asia Pacific countries

TRASWAJA TECHNOLOGY SDN BHD, MALAYSIA 2002/07 – 2008/08 Chief Research Officer     

develop pile testing system using state-of-the-art technology under MSC flagship R&D on YBearing Method and commercialization of Pile Bearing Calculator (PBC) upgrade and enhance the dynamic pile testing instruments with RSM Trademark develop high strain wave analysis software with ASIAWAP Trademark collaboration partner with research and higher education institutions

TRASWAJA PILE TESTING SDN BHD, MALAYSIA 1997/07 – 2008/08 Technical Director     

responsible for the overall technical operations ensures the quality of testing & test reports are maintained field testing of dynamic pile measurement performs CAPWAP analysis handles technical complaints


DYNAMIC PILE TESTING SDN BHD, MALAYSIA 1996/08 – 1997/07 Technical Manager        

responsible for the overall technical operations ensures the quality of testing & test reports are maintained identifies the training needs for all the technical personnel responsible for the usage & maintenance of the testing equipment field testing of dynamic pile measurement performs CAPWAP analysis handles technical complaints maintains the ISO/IEC G25 system (in the process of accreditation)

DYNAMIC PILE TESTING SDN BHD, MALAYSIA 1995/05 – 1996/08 Quality Assurance Manager     

development of the ISO/IEC G25 system training & motivation of the technical personnel calibration & instrumentation of the testing equipment field testing of dynamic pile measurement performs CAPWAP analysis

SOIL DYNAMICS (M) SDN BHD, MALAYSIA 1994/01 – 1995/05 Testing Engineer       

field testing of dynamic pile measurement bridge diagnostic testing pile instrumentation testing performs CAPWAP analysis prepares test report calibration & instrumentation of the testing equipment handles technical complaints

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA, MALAYSIA 1991/05 – 1993/12 Research Officer 

R&D on determination of pile bearing capacity by high-strain dynamic method

TRAINING Since 2008 Bi-Directional Pile Test using various types of hydraulic jack systems TECHNOLOGY: piston jack, capsule jack, flat jack, for bored & driven piles Since 2007 Key Trainer in

Int’l Pile Dynamics Workshop and Proficiency Tests, Wuhan INSTITUTE OF ROCK AND SOIL MECHANICS (IRSM), WUHAN, CHINA

Since 2007 Key Trainer in

Int’l Pile Dynamics Workshop and Proficiency Tests, Bandung GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING CENTER, UNPAR UNIVERSITY, BANDUNG, INDONESIA

Since 2002 Dynamic Pile Testing using various types of testing instruments TRADEMARKS: PDI, TNO, SIMBAT, RSM, MCT, GEOSTAR, ROCKSEA, CSCEC, Y-LINK 2015/05

Project Partner, Performance Test Program (PTP) for YJACK Pile Test Method GEOTECHNICAL DEPARTMENT, PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT MALAYSIA (aka JKR)

2014/10

Project Leader, Technical Opinion Program (TOP) for YJACK Pile Test Method CONSTRUCTION RESEARCH INSTITUTE MALAYSIA (CREAM)

2013/06

Int’l Conference on INT’L SOCIETY OF

State-Of-The-Art of Pile Foundation (PILE2013), Bandung SOIL MECHANICS AND FOUNDATION ENGINEERING (ISSMGE)


2013/01

Training on Soil Profiling (SP) for Pile Borehole using Radar Technology INSTITUTE OF RADIO-WAVE PROPAGATION (RADAR), QINGDAO, CHINA

2012/10

Training on Bi-Directional (BD) Pile Bearing Testing using New Technology TRADEMARK: YJACK FOR BD TEST METHOD, BEIJING, CHINA

2011/02

Seminar & Exhibition HATTI 2005, Yogyakarta, Indonesia INDONESIAN SOCIETY OF GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERS (aka HATTI)

2008/11

Certified HS/PDA Engineer (Expert Level); Institute of Rock & Soil Mechanics INT’L PILE DYNAMICS WORKSHOP, EXAMINATIONS AND PROFICIENCY TESTS, WUHAN

2006/09

Impact Load Theory – Compatibility Study Compared to Hiley and Case Methods 6TH ASIA PACIFIC STRUCTURAL ENG. & CONST. CONFERENCE (APSEC 2006), MALAYSIA

2006/06

Implementation of State-of-the-Art Pile Driving Tools in Modern Pile Designs INSTITUTE ENGINEERS MALAYSIA (IEM), MELAKA BRANCH, MELAKA, MALAYSIA

2005/08

Seminar & Exhibition HAKI 2005, Jakarta, Indonesia INDONESIAN SOCIETY OF CIVIL AND STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS (aka HAKI)

2005/08

Pile Design & Problems, Wave Equation Analysis and Dynamic Pile Testing PUBLIC WORK DEPARTMENT (JKR), CORPORATE SECTION, MALAYSIA

2004/08

Certified HS/PDA Engineer (Advanced Level); Deep Foundation Institute, USA STRESS WAVE CONFERENCE 2004, KUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA

2004/08

2 Days PDA and CAPWAP Workshop STRESS WAVE CONFERENCE 2004, KUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA

2004/02

4D (dimensional) Project Management & Engineering Software Training

VeirtualSTEP, TAIPEI, TAIWAN 2003/11

Educational and Technical Exchange in Kuala Lumpur INSTITUTE OF ROCK & SOIL MECHANICS (IRSM)

2002/11

Educational and Technical Exchange in Wuhan INSTITUTE OF ROCK & SOIL MECHANICS (IRSM)

2001/11

Departmental Visits and Technology Demonstrations in Wuhan CHINA UNIVERSITY OF GEOTECHNICAL/GEOSCIENCES (CUG), WUHAN, CHINA

2001/11

On-Site Training at Various Piling & Foundation Sites in Wuhan INSTITUTE OF ROCK AND SOIL MECHANICS (IRSM), WUHAN, CHINA

2001/11

Presentation: New Development of High/Low Strain Dynamic Pile Testing INSTITUTE OF ROCK AND SOIL MECHANICS (IRSM), WUHAN, CHINA

2001/11

Presentation: Hiley Formula, PDA Case Method and Beyond CHINA UNIVERSITY OF GEOTECHNICAL/GEOSCIENCES (CUG), WUHAN, CHINA

1999/07

Short Course on Design and Construction of Steel Pile MALAYSIAN STRUCTURAL STEEL ASSOCIATION (MSSA), KUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA

1999/05

National Seminar on Pile Testing & Performance TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF MALAYSIA (UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA, UTM)

1997/07

PDA User's Day 1997 PILE DYNAMICS INC (PDI), KOWLOON, HONG KONG


1995/08

Internal Quality Auditing Course STANDARDS AND INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF MALAYSIA (SIRIM), MALAYSIA

1995/06

ISO/IEC Guide 25 & ISO 9000 Appreciation Course STANDARDS AND INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF MALAYSIA (SIRIM), MALAYSIA

1995/06

ISO/IEC Guide 25 & ISO 9000 Quality Manual Writing Course STANDARDS AND INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF MALAYSIA (SIRIM), MALAYSIA

1992/12

Seminar on Non-Destructive Testing on Concrete TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF MALAYSIA (UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA, UTM)

1992/04

Seminar on Patent, Innovations and R&D TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF MALAYSIA (UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA, UTM)

PUBLICATIONS 2015/06

YJACK, An Industry Building System (IBS) To Be Applied On Static Pile Test

IBS Digest Bulletin, Malaysia, Issue 2015/Jun (Wai YK) 2015/02

Method and Apparatus for Bi-Directional Pile Test on Driven & Injection Piles

PCT International Patent Application (Wai YK) 2014/02

Method and Apparatus for Bi-Directional Pile Test on Driven & Injection Piles

MyIPO Malaysian Patent Application (Wai YK) 2013/06

22 Years Experiences in High-Strain Wave Analysis and Guidelines Published to Int’l Conference on State -Of-The-Art of Pile Foundation

(PILE2013), Bandung (Wai YK) 2013/06

State-Of-The-Art Technology of Yjack in Bi-Directional Pile Test Published to Int’l Conference on State -Of-The-Art of Pile Foundation

(PILE2013), Bandung (Yu SL, Wai YK) 2012/01

Release of High-Strain Asia Wave Analysis Program, ASIAWAP

Technostar Professional Group 2010/11

Development of Pile-Soil Modeling in High Strain Wave Analysis Program, HSWAP

In-House Publication 2006/09

Impact Load Theory and Case Methods

– A

New Theory and Its Compatibility Study Compared to Hiley

Published to 6th Asia Pacific Structural Engineering & Construction Conference 2006 (APSEC), Malaysia (Wai YK) 2006/04

Piling Handbook for Design and Construction of Driven Pile Foundations

Edition 2006, Malaysia 2005/08

Conventional and Innovative Methods in Pile Driving and Testing

Submitted to Seminar & Exhibition HAKI 2005, Indonesian Society Of Civil And Structural Engineers (aka HAKI), Jakarta, Indonesia (Wai YK, Md Nuri Salimin) 2004/08

Impact Load Theory – A New Theory and Its Compatibility Study Compared to Impulse-Momentum Theory and Wave Mechanics Theory in Pile Driving (unpublised)

Submitted to 7th International Conference On The Application Of Stress Wave Theory To Piles, Malaysia (Wai YK)


2004/08

One Dimensional Wave Approximation in Integrity Testing of Piles (unpublised)

Submitted to 7th International Conference On The Application Of Stress Wave Theory To Piles, Malaysia (Prof. Chai HY, Prof. Liu MG, Wai YK) 2003/04

Driveability Prediction Report

Published to International Prediction Event 2003, for the Performances of Impact Driven Piles in Flenders Clay, North France 2003/03

Dispersion Phenomenon and Numerical Analysis on Validity of One-Dimensional Analysis in Low Strain Pile Integrity Testing

Published to Shock & Impact Loads in Structures, 5th Asia Pacific Conference, Changsha, China, November 2003 (Prof. Chai HY, Prof. Liu MG, Wai YK) 2003/03

Impact Load Theory - New Testing Method in New Millennium on Driven Piles

Published to Shock & Impact Loads in Structures, 5th Asia Pacific Conference, Changsha, China, November 2003 (Wai YK, Md Nuri Salimin) 2003/03

New Breakthrough in the History of Pile Driving and Testing Industry on Driven Piles

Published to National Seminar, Exposition and Corporate Talk on Civil Engineering (NASEC), Technology University of Malaysia (UTM), Kuala Lumpur, May 2003 (Wai YK, Md Nuri Salimin) 2002/08

Case Study: WEAP, Hiley and Y-bearing Driveability Study


Optimum Hammer Selection in Pile Driving


Correlation Report: Comparison of PBC Predicted Pile Capacities Against ENR Formula, GRLWEAP, Case Method, CAPWAP and Static Test.


Method and Apparatus for Estimating Pile Load Bearing Capacities

USA/USPTO Patent Application (Granted 2002) 1999/05

Composite Pile And Method For Making Same

Malaysian Patent Application (Pending) 1998/11

Correlation Report: Accuracy of Y-bearing Predicted by Pile Bearing Calculator

In-house Publication 1998/11

Literature Study: Reliability of Dynamic Formula (Hiley) and the Solutions

In-house Publication 1998/07

Method and Apparatus for Pile Driving (codename: YBearing)

USA/USPTO Patent Application (Granted 2000) 1997/07

Impact Load Analogy in Pile Driving (codename: YBearing)

Published to PDA User's Day 1997, Kowloon, Hongkong

End of Resume


ATTACHMENT ATTACHMENT B: Int’l Tech

Paper 2013 – State-Of-The-Art of YJACK in Bi-Directional Pile Test (PILE2013)

_______________________________________________________ Proceedings of International Conference Pile 2013, June 2-4 2013 _______________________________________________________

STATE-OF-THE-ART TECHNOLOGY OF Y-JACK IN BI-DIRECTIONAL PILE TEST

SL, Yu 1 and Yekong, Wai 2

ABSTRACT: The innovative pile testing that is categorized as a bi-directional test method (BD) obtained worldwide popularity for very large pile load design. For pile load design exceeded test load of 30,000kN, BD is a practical and an economical type of static load test method (SL). Presently, the most popular BD technology is using O-cell which was introduced by Prof Osterberg in 1989. O-cell or mechanically called as O-Jack is a piston type hydraulic jack which is embedded in the test pile for static load test. Load is applied bi-directionally from the jack to simulate static load test using the top load method. In year 2007, Y-Jack is an innovative jack specially designed for BD static load test. It is invented and named by Engineer Yu. Technically, Y-Jack is conceptually different in design compared to O-Jack with more advantages. Functionality, both jacks are the same, i.e. to conduct BD pile test. The type of Y-Jack is a capsule hydraulic jack, instead of piston hydraulic jack. This technical paper will introduce Y-Jack technology and its installations and some comparisons to O-Jack. Keywords: pile test, load test, pile load test, hydraulic jack, piston jack, capsule jack, static pile test, dynamic pile test

THE PILING AND TESTING DEVELOPMENT Pile foundation has been widely used worldwide since thousands years ago. In convention, piling is a terminology used in pile foundation for piles installed by pile driving hammers. Since last century, piling included cast in-situ and injection piles. For driven piles installed by pile driving hammers, the piling industry already gone through four (4) major development (Wai, 2003), i.e.:-. - Development 1: pile as rigid body - Development 2: impulse-momentum theory (1930s) - Development 3: wave mechanics theory (1960s) - Development 4: impact load theory (2000s) For cast in-situ piles such as bored piles and caissons, the trend of pile design became bigger and higher load since three (3) decades ago with following pile design classifications:- Small piles: test load less than 30,000kN - Large piles: test load more than 30,000kN

INTRODUCTION OF BI-DIRECTIONAL PILE TEST For test load less than 30,000kN, the pile can be tested either using static load test (SL) or dynamic load test based on high-strain method (HS). However, for test load more than 30,000kN, the test using SL or HS 1

method is almost impossible due to technical constraints and economical considerations. In order to solve pile testing problem on large cast insitu piles, a new technology was introduced in three (3) decades ago by installing a hydraulic jack embedded in the pile to conduct the pile load test. This new test method is named as bi-directional pile load test (BD). Table 1 is a glance on piling and testing methods. Table 1. A Glance on Piling and Testing Methods Piling and Testing Methods vs. Test Load SL+HS

driven SL+HS

driven (steel/offshore) SL+HS

BD

bored piles SL+HS

10,000

20,000

BD

caisson 30,000 40,000

kN

For large pile testing, the BD pile test has unmatchable advantages. - Unlimited test load, higher load lower unit cost - Small work area, small headroom required - Improved safety, no reaction system required - Friction and end bearing ratio computed

Patent Holder, I-Equipment Co Ltd, Beijing, CHINA International Technical Chief, PT Geoindo Technostar, Jakarta, INDONESIA

2

HS


WHAT IS BD PILE TEST

results and the simulated SL test results will be illustrated in Figure 3(A) and 3(B).

A sacrificial and embedded hydraulic jack is cast within the pile body. Upon application of load, the pile is separated into two sections and load is applied to both sections simultaneously and reacting against each other in two directions; upward against upper skin friction and downward against base end bearing and lower skin friction as illustrated in Figure 1. pile top section upper skin friction Figure 3(A). BD Load-Displacement Plot (Singapore Standard CP4: 2003)

embedded BD-jack pile bottom section

lower skin friction

base end bearing Figure 1. BD Loading Mechanism Practically, the BD pile test does not require reaction beams, anchor piles or Kendledge during load applying. However, technically BD is equivalent to SL test method. In other words, BD simulates the SL results.

Figure 2. Analogy of SL to be BD Test With the analogy, as illustrated in Figure 2, if the SL reaction system (either Kentledge or anchor piles) covered by soil and apply loading, the system becomes bi-directional (BD). The hydraulic jack in SL test becomes BD-jack. The load applying on BD is exactly same as SL test

Figure 3(B). Simulated SL Load-Displacement Plot (Singapore Standard CP4: 2003)

THE HISTORY OF BD PILE TEST The BD is the test method used to conduct SL pile load test. The hydraulic jack embedded in the pile to conduct BD test is called as BD-jack. Since the introduction of BD pile test in three (3) decades ago, there are three (3) types of BD-jack:(1) Tomer Method (www.tomer-systems.com) This is patented technology in Europe in the year 1978. However, this method is less popular worldwide. (2) Osterberg Method, O-Jack (Osterberg 1989) This is patented technology in the USA in the year 1989. Since then, it becomes worldwide popularity. It is using friction sealing components such as commonly used in hydraulic jack. (3) Yu Method, Y-Jack (Yu 2007) This is patented technology in China in the year 2007. Since then, it has become very popular in China due to many advantages and cost effective. It is using flexible capsule for sealing


WHAT IS Y-JACK Y-Jack is a special jack designed for BD pile test. It is invented and named by Engineer Yu. Presently, there are two (2) types of jacking and sealing methods. (A) Friction Sealing Use friction sealing components (sealing ring, piston ring and etc.) to ensure the sealing performance, such as commonly used hydraulic cylinder and jack. The main advantage is long product life (thousands of time in applying load). But the disadvantage is needed to be precisely produced, hence cost relatively high. (B) Bladder Sealing Use flexible capsule for sealing. The mechanism is similar to basketball bladder. The advantages are excellent sealing performance with low production cost. The disadvantage is relatively short product life (few times in applying load). Professional Y-Jack adopts capsule sealing technology. That gives a more reasonable product value which avoids too wasteful long life of normal sacrificed test jacks. Meanwhile it offers lower height, larger loading area, lower oil pressure and safer loading results. The cross-section details of Y-Jack are illustrated in the Figure 4. Cylinder Shell Piston Shell Bladder Concrete (part of pile)

Figure 4. Y-Jack Cross-Section Details

THE Y-JACK LOADING MECHANISM Y-Jack is designed to load low pressure (20-30MPa) onto pile body to ensure the pressure applied on the pile is less than the pile structural capacity. In practice, many piles were designed as a high concrete material, but the pile actual strength usually does not meet the designed value due to the complex positions of the BD-jack and low flow-ability of sediments. Therefore, the safe loading is essential in BD

testing to avoid pile damage caused by overloading on to the pile material. In practice, many testing organizations fix 20-30mm thick steel plates on top and bottom of BD-jacks in order to enlarge the applied force bearing area. However if the steel plates are too thin, the plates will deform during load applied to BD-jack and overstress the concrete. Appropriate steel plate thickness should be calculated as per area ratio as illustrated in the Figure 5.

Figure 5. Steel Plate Thickness in BD Test For a piston diameter of 300mm, for a loading delivery pressure of 40MPa, the steel plate should be thicker than H 0.212*d 62mm to ensure the bearing strength of the plate to the pile is less than 20MPa. Due to Y-Jack mechanical design is a capsule type of hydraulic jack instead of piston type, the large surface of cylinder shell will ensure a low bearing stress on to the pile. The Y-Jack has the following loading mechanism as illustrated in Figure 6. ＝

＝

Mechanism 1 pump oil into the bladder

concrete at pile body is intact

Mechanism 2 oil fully occupy the bladder

concrete will split at split zone

Mechanism 3 high oil pressure open up the shells

pile body split to sections

Figure 6. Y-Jack Loading Mechanism


THE ADVANTAGES OF Y-JACK Due to many advantages since the introduction of YJack in year 2007, it gains popularity very quickly. The advantages are:Flexible Assembly and Low Cost: Y-Jack adopts standardized and serialized manufacturing mode. Y-Jacks are mass productions, hence lower the unit costs. Users select appropriate specification of Y-Jack under various situations and weld them to freely form up different combinations and sizes of Y-Jack as shown in Figure 7.

Pile Body & Y-Jack Intact Together After concreting and before the loading, the pile body will be intact together with Y-Jack. The YJack cylinder shell and piston shell rigidly connect upper and lower parts of the pile body. In other words, the Y-Jack is “embedded” in the pile body. Obviously, there are no spaces or cavities generating within the Y-Jack after concreting (before loading).

before loading

after loading

Figure 9: Pile Body & Y-Jack Intact Before Loading Low Apply Load Limited to 30MPa: Y-Jack uses low-medium pressure to meet the testing requirement, i.e. not over-stress the pile material with loading that is usually not higher than 30MPa. It will reduce the risk of unexpected crush at the contact faces of the pile during loading. Thus, the safety and the success rate can be enhanced. Figure 7. Flexible Assemble of Y-Jack Bigger Space for Concrete to Flow: In order to provide more free spaces for concrete flowing throughout the Y-Jack and to reduce cavities, Y-Jack enables abandoning top and bottom steel plates. As the result, the concrete flows fluently through the Y-Jack without sediments clogging. Sediments will form low stress concrete. Y-Jack 1 Y-Jack 6

Y-Jack

Y-Jack hole for tremie pipe

5

2

Y-Jack 3

Y-Jack 4

In summary, the advantages are:  Y-Jacks are easy handling and very mobility in remote area  Y-Jacks can be calibrated at the factory prior to mobilize to project site  Assembly at the site is relatively easy and simple  Multiple Y-Jacks can achieve very high load (unlimited)  Y-Jacks are mass productions, hence lower the costs per unit test load  Manufactured in a factory and pass QA/QC to maintain consistent quality  Y-Jack is a closed form super press jack that no hydraulic leakage (no oil seal ring)  The pressure of Y-Jack is limited to 20MPa (for high bearing design pile, limited to 30MPa)  The Y-Jack location only occupies < 50% pile section area for the concrete to flow fluently  Y-Jack is “embedded” in the top and bottom pile sections to form the whole intact pile (not separated)


THE DIFFERENT OF Y-JACK AND O-JACK Technically, Y-Jack is conceptually different in design compared to O-Jack with more advantages. Functionally, both jacks are the same, i.e. to conduct BD pile test. The Y-Jack and O-Jack have three (3) major differences:(1) Mechanical Design

-

Pile Type: Pile Length: Pile Diameter: BD Location: Working Load: Test Load (ult.): Factor of Safety:

cast in-situ bored pile 54.0m 1200mm 35m from top 8,000kN (800T) 16,000kN (1,600T) 2.0

Y-Jacks are produced in standardized mass production. Table 2 is the sample specification table of Y-Jack. Table 2. Y-Jack Specification Y-Jack Model

The loads are applied by using hydraulic capsule units

The loads are applied by using hydraulic jack units

(2) Top and Bottom Steel Plates

No steel plates and the Y-Jack only occupy relatively small crosssection, hence the concrete can flow upward fluently

Steel plates located at bottom & top of the O-Jack which occupy most of the crosssection, hence block the concrete to flow

Rated Pressure (MPa)

Nominal Force (T)

YJ2D300

≈ 20

135

YJ2D300s

≈ 25

165

YJ3D300

≈ 30

200

YJ2D400

≈ 20

235

YJ2D400s

≈ 23

260

YJ3D400

≈ 27

300

YJ2D500

≈ 20

310

YJ2D500s

≈ 28

405

YJ3D500

≈ 34

495

External Diameter (mm)

330

430

500

From the Y-Jack specification table, select model YJ2D500. Apply Load 310T on Y-Jack will generate a bi-directional load = 310*2 = 620T. Quantity Y-Jack required = 1,600/620 = 3nos.

(3) Concrete Fluently Flow

Model: YJ2D500

Due to concrete can flow upward easily, hence the contact points at bottom are 100% intact. Accurate measurement.

Due to difficulty of concrete to flow, the bottom of the cells may not fully intact. Measurement may not accurate.

THE Y-JACK SELECTION EXAMPLE The following will demonstrate an example to install

Model: YJ2D300

By referring the above diagram for model YJ2D500, the Y-Jack orientation in 1,200mm diameter pile will be very congested in the pile center for allowing the concrete tremie pipe to lower down to pile bottom for concreting. Hence the selection of model YJ2D500 is not appropriate. By re-select model YJ2D300. Apply Load 135T on Y-Jack will generate a bi-directional load = 135*2 = 270T. Quantity Y-Jack required = 1,600/270 = 6nos. By selecting model YJ2D300, the Y-Jack orientation in 1,200mm diameter pile will have sufficient space for concrete tremie pipe.


CONCLUSION The innovative design of Y-Jack with mass production in a factory allows the cost of BD pile test reduces substantially. The implementation of Y-Jack BD pile test enables the pile design for large diameter pile become possible to carry out the pile load test. For pile load design exceeded test load of 30,000kN, BD is a practical and an economical type of static load test method. After three (3) decades of development, BD tests obtained worldwide acceptance especially in developed and rich countries such as United States, Europe, Middle East and Singapore. These countries adopting BD tests because many of their skyscraper buildings are using large pile designs. Without BD test method, to verify pile bearing capacity with high design load is almost impossible due to technical constraints and economical considerations in conducting pile load test.

REFERENCES Yekong, Wai (2006), “Impact Load Theory – A New Theory In Pile Driving And Its Compatibility Study Compared To Hiley And Case Methods”, Asia Pacific Structural Engineering and Construction Conference 2006 (APSEC 2006). Osterberg, J.O., (1989), “New device for load testing driven piles and Drilled Shafts separates friction and end bearing”, Proceedings International Conference on Piling and Deep Foundations. SL, Yu (2011), “Patent Number: CN201694784U”, Chinese Patent And Trademark Office.


ATTACHMENT ATTACHMENT C: YJACK Installation on Bored Piles (YJACK Type B) and Driven Piles (YJACK Type C)


ATTACHMENT ATTACHMENT D: International Standards for Bi-Directional Pile Load Test

YJACK - MS 20170211 - BD for BP600mm WL2827kN TL5654kN ([email protected]) (1)

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