SP3D Structure Tutorial

SP3D Structure Tutorial: Grids: An Overview

Session 1: Grids: An Overview Objective: By the end of this session, you will be able to: •

Identify the tasks that can be performed using the Grids task in SP3D.

Prerequisite Session: •

SP3D Overview

Overview: The Grids task allows you to create and manipulate coordinate systems and reference planes and cylinders defined relative to a coordinate system. For a rectangular grid system, you define vertical grid planes parallel to the x (east)- and y (north)-axes and horizontal elevation planes. For a radial grid system, you define concentric vertical cylinders, radial vertical planes passing through the center of the cylinders, and horizontal elevation planes. A coordinate system has only one reference plane or cylinder at a given position. For example, only one grid plane can be created at x = 10 ft on the coordinate system named CS-0. Grid lines are displayed at the intersection of the elevation planes and the vertical grid planes. Grid arcs are displayed at the intersection of the elevation planes with the reference cylinders. You can choose the elevation planes on which you want to show grid lines/arcs for a given vertical grid plane/arc. The reference planes and cylinders associated with the given coordinate system are displayed in the Workspace Explorer nested under the coordinate system. You can select any system as the parent of the coordinate system. The reference planes are also displayed for graphic selection on rulers. You can turn these rulers off/on by using the View > Rulers command. The positions of the reference planes are shown as check marks on the rulers. You can drag these rulers to any position you want in the graphic window. You can use the coordinate systems, reference planes, and the grid lines/arcs when positioning your design objects in the 3D model. Use any number of different reference grid systems for pipe racks, buildings, or other areas of the plant. If you modify the position of the reference planes/cylinders later, then the associated grid lines/arcs move and all design objects whose positions depend on these reference elements also move. Figure 1 shows a rectangular grid.

Figure 1: Rectangular Grid © Copyright 2009 Intergraph Corporation

Last Updated: March 6, 2009 for SmartPlant® 3D 2009

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Figure 2 shows a radial grid.

Figure 2: Radial Grid

To open the Grids task, click the Tasks > Grids command.

Coordinate Systems:

Figure 3: Coordinate System

Right-handed coordinate systems can be defined for positional reference. In a right-handed coordinate system, the positive direction of the axes are defined, as shown in Figure 4, using the thumb pointing to positive x (east), the index finger pointing to y (north), and the middle finger pointing to z (elevation).

Figure 4: Right-Handed Coordinate System

© Copyright 2009 Intergraph Corporation


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In the modeling environment, you can interact with the coordinate system in rectangular, spherical, or cylindrical coordinates by selecting the desired coordinate input/output option on the PinPoint ribbon. It is the same coordinate system, but just a different coordinate mode. There are two types of coordinate systems: • •

Global coordinate system Design coordinate system (local coordinate system)

Global Coordinate System: Each model contains one global coordinate system, which you cannot edit or delete. All data you create is stored in the database relative to this coordinate system. You can view coordinates while you model and output coordinates to drawings relative to the global coordinate system or any local or design coordinate system. The positive y-axis designates the north axis and the positive z-axis designates the elevation axis.

Tips: •

Model your graphics within 10,000 meters of the global origin to avoid problems with round-off errors in calculations.

•

To visually reference the global coordinate system, you can activate the global coordinate display by using the Coordinate system drop-down list on the PinPoint ribbon, as shown in Figure 5.

Figure 5: Coordinate System Drop-Down List on the PinPoint Ribbon

Design Coordinate System: Design coordinate systems are created in relation to the global coordinate system by specifying the origin and orientation of the new coordinate system axes. You can have any number of named coordinate systems to aid in the design of localized constructions such as separate buildings. The coordinate system used for modeling, the active coordinate system, is selected on the PinPoint ribbon.



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Tip: •

Create a design coordinate system for your plant monument instead of using the global coordinate system. Create the design coordinate system for your plant monument even if the coordinate systems are directly on top of each other. This coordinate system should not have a grid system defined relative to it. The coordinate system will be used only to report coordinates in drawings and reports. If you want to move the entire plant relative to the plant monument, you only have to move the coordinate system representing the plant monument.

Elevation Planes: Elevation planes are parallel to the X-Y plane (the plane defined by the x- and y-axes) of the coordinate system. Elevation planes are used in both rectangular and radial grid systems. Grid lines are displayed on the elevation plane at the intersection of the elevation plane with the grid planes, radial cylinders, and radial planes. You can create and edit multiple elevation planes with a single command.

Figure 6: Elevation Plane

Rectangular Grid Planes: In a rectangular grid system, grid planes are vertical planes parallel to either the x-axis or the yaxis of the coordinate system. A smartstep command on the Create and Edit ribbons of the grid plane controls the elevation planes that will display a grid line at the intersection with the grid plane. You can create and edit multiple grid planes with a single command.



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Figure 7: Rectangular Grid Plane

Radial Grid Cylinders: For a radial grid system, cylinders are defined with their axis coincident with the z-axis of a coordinate system. Any number of cylinders can be defined with a radius greater than zero. A smartstep command on the ribbon of the grid cylinder controls the elevation planes that will display a grid arc at the intersection with the cylinder. An arc is created for each quadrant of the circle rather than a circle. You can create and edit multiple radial grid cylinders with a single command—this procedure is similar to the creation of the rectangular grid plane.

Figure 8: Reference Cylinder

Radial Grid Planes: In a radial grid system, radial planes are vertical planes passing through the coordinate system origin and positioned by an angle with respect to the north axis being 0 degrees. Radial planes are infinite in size. Therefore, you cannot place a radial plane that is equal to or greater than 180 degrees. You can create and edit multiple radial grid planes with a single command—this procedure is similar to the creation of the rectangular grid plane.



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Figure 9: Radial Plane

Grid Wizard: You can use the Grid Wizard command to quickly create a design coordinate system and an entire set of related elevation planes, grid planes, radial cylinders, and/or radial planes. Once you create the grid system by using the wizard, you can add reference objects to the grid system or edit the existing objects. For more information related to grids, refer to following topics in the user guide GridsUsersGuide.pdf:

• • • • •

Understanding Grids: An Overview Understanding the Grids Workflow: An Overview Understanding Coordinate Systems: An Overview Understanding Elevation Planes: An Overview Understanding Grid Planes: An Overview

You can access GridsUsersGuide.pdf from GridsPrintGuide.htm.

Quiz: 1. 2. 3. 4.

Which task enables you to design coordinate systems and create elevation planes, grid planes, radial cylinders, and radial planes? Which command do you use to reference the global coordinate system? What is the difference between global and design coordinate systems? What is a radial grid plane?



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SP3D Structure Tutorial: Placing Coordinate Systems/Grids

Session 2: Placing Coordinate Systems/Grids Objective: By the end of this session, you will be able to: •

Place a coordinate system and rotated and radial grids by using the Grid Wizard command.

Prerequisite Sessions: • • •

SP3D Overview SP3D Common Sessions Grids: An Overview

Overview: The

Grid Wizard command enables you to: Create coordinate systems, elevation planes, rectangular grid planes, radial grid cylinders, and radial grid planes in a model. • Specify when grid lines and arcs should be displayed for each. •

To place these objects using the Grid Wizard command, you should first open the Grids task. Objects placed directly in a model are assigned to the Active Permission Group. Make sure you select the appropriate permission group. Select Layout as the Active Permission Group for placing the coordinate system and the rotated and radial grids. Before going through this and the remaining SP3D Structure sessions, define your workspace to include all objects in the SP3Dtrain model database: 1.

Start the SP3D software by using Start > ALL Programs > Intergraph SmartPlant 3D > SmartPlant 3D.

2.

In the New dialog box, select the EnglishUnits template and then, click OK.

3.

Click the File menu and select the Define Workspace… command.

4.

In the Filter drop-down list of the Define Workspace dialog box, select the More… option.

5.

In the Select Filter dialog box, select All under Plant Filters and click OK.

6.

Select View > Fit.

Now, you are going to delete the existing modeled objects from the workspace before starting the session. Use the filter mechanism to select the existing modeled objects. © Copyright 2007 Intergraph Corporation

Last Updated: March 6, 2009 for SmartPlant® 3D 2007 Service Pack 3

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7.

Select the Tools > Select by Filter command to open the Select Filter dialog box.

8.

Select and expand the For Instructors Only folder.

9.

Select the Structural Tutorial Session - Select and Delete filter and click OK.

10. Click the Delete command to delete the selected objects.

Steps for Placing Coordinate Systems: Place a coordinate system in Unit U02 of Area A2 by specifying the settings for the coordinate system, elevation plane, grid X-plane, and grid Y-plane by using the Grid Wizard command. The specifications for the coordinate system are as follows: Coordinate System: • Name: U02 CS • East(X): 30 ft • North(Y): 10 ft • Up(Z): 0 ft Specify U02 CS as the reference coordinate system for the elevation and grid planes that you create. Elevation Planes: • Elevation plane 1 o Reference CS: U02 CS o Start plane: 0 ft o Copies: 0 o Name rule: Imperial Position o Type: Grade Elevation •

Elevation plane 2 o Reference CS: U02 CS o Start plane: 2 ft 1 in o Copies: 0 o Name rule: Imperial Position o Type: Bottom Of Baseplate

•

Elevation plane 3 o Reference CS: U02 CS o Start plane: 18 ft o Copies: 0 o Name rule: Imperial Position o Type: Top Of Steel

•

Elevation plane 4 o Reference CS: U02 CS o Start plane: 30 ft o Copies: 0 o Name rule: Imperial Position o Type: Top Of Steel © Copyright 2007 Intergraph Corporation


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Grid X-Plane: • Reference CS: U02 CS • Start plane: 0 ft • Copies: 2 • Spacing: 20 ft • Name rule: Alphanumeric and Percent • Nesting level: Primary • Type: N-S Grid Plane Grid Y-Plane: • Reference CS: U02 CS • Start plane: 0 ft • Copies: 1 • Spacing: 15 ft • Name rule: Alphanumeric and Percent • Nesting level: Primary • Type: E-W Grid Plane At the end of the procedure, the coordinate system should resemble the coordinate system in Figure 1.

Figure 1: Coordinate System

1.

Define your workspace to include A2 > U02.

2.

Switch to the Grids tasks, if not already in the Grids task. Set the view orientation to Isometric.

3.

Set the Active Permission Group to Layout.

4.

Click the Grid Wizard button on the vertical toolbar.



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Figure 2: Grid Wizard Button on the Vertical Toolbar

5.

The Grid Wizard dialog box appears. In the Create Coordinate System form, specify the following settings: • • • •

Name: U02 CS East(X): 30 ft North(Y): 10 ft Up(Z): 0 ft

Figure 3: Coordinate System Settings

6.

Click the Next button. After defining the coordinate system, you define the elevation planes, grid X-plane, and grid Y-plane. The settings that you specify in these planes are as follows: •

Reference CS - It defines the coordinate system with reference to which all planes are placed.

•

Start plane - It defines the location of the first plane.

•

Copies - It specifies the number of planes to be created from the start plane.



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•

Spacing - It specifies the distance between the copied planes.

•

End plane - It specifies the last location of the created plane.

•

Name rule - It defines the naming convention of the planes. The common naming conventions are as follows: o

Index name rule: This option provides the root labels (GPX for x-axis and GPY for y-axis) for primary planes and then appends onto this root, the sequential order of the planes. For example, 1 for the first plane, 2 for the second plane, and subsequently for next planes. Secondary planes are suffixed with an additional decimal indication of the sequential order of the planes between two primary planes, and so forth for the tertiary level. Primary GPX1 GPX2

Secondary

Tertiary

GPX2.1 GPX2.1.1 GPX2.1.2 GPX2.2 GPX3 o

Position name rule: This option provides the base labels (E for the Easting axis, N for the Northing axis) for the primary planes and then appends onto this base, the physical location of the plane on the parent coordinate system. The position is defined in meters. Primary E0.00 m E8.00 m

Secondary

Tertiary

E10.25 m E12.78 m E13.25 m E16.50 m

o

Imperial position name rule: This option provides the base labels (E for the Easting axis, N for the Northing axis) for the primary planes and then appends onto this base, the physical location of the plane on the parent coordinate system. The position is defined in feet. Primary E0.00 ft E8.00 ft

Secondary

Tertiary

E10.25 ft E12.78 ft E13.25 ft E16.50 ft

o

Index and percent name rule: This option provides the root labels (GPX for © Copyright 2007 Intergraph Corporation


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x-axis and GPY for y-axis) for the primary planes. Sub-nesting levels are a percentage (in decimal form) of the bounding and higher nesting levels. Example: Grids are usually prefixed with a letter and suffixed with a decimal distance away (A, B, C, C.6, D, and E). The number to the right of the decimal place, such as C.6, for a secondary plane is the relative position between the previous and the next primary plane. In other words, it is 60% away from the previous primary elevation plane. Primary GPX1 GPX2

Secondary

Tertiary

GPX2.5 GPX2.5.3 GPX2.5.8 GPX2.6 GPX3 o

Alphanumeric and percent name rule: This option provides the root labels (A, B, C… for the x-axis and 1, 2, 3…for the y-axis) for the primary planes. Sub-nesting levels are a percentage (in decimal form) of the bounding and higher nesting levels. Example: Grids are usually prefixed with a letter and suffixed with a decimal distance away (A, B, C, C.6, D, and E). The number to the right of the decimal place, such as C.6, for a secondary plane is the relative position between the previous and the next primary plane. In other words, it is 60% away from the previous primary elevation plane. Primary A B

Secondary

Tertiary

B.5 B.5.3 B.5.8 B.6 C

o

•

User defined name rule: With this option, the user defines the name by key in. If the name rule is changed to user defined after a name was automatically generated by one of the above-mentioned name rules, the existing name is kept by default but does not automatically change on editing the object properties.

Nesting level - It specifies the levels of divisions to be placed in a grid. There are © Copyright 2007 Intergraph Corporation


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three nesting levels: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Tertiary planes can be in between two secondary planes. Secondary planes can be in between two primary planes. In a large model, it enables you to organize planes to sublevels and name them to sublevels automatically using the given name rules, such as 1, 1.1, and 1.2. Primary is the default nesting level. •

7.

Type - It specifies the type of elevation planes to be placed. There are different types of elevation planes, such as bottom of baseplate, bottom of concrete, top of steel, and grade elevation. A user has to define the type of elevation to be created. This information is used for reporting purposes.

In the Create Elevation Planes form, specify the following settings and click the Add button after specifying each setting. •

Elevation plane 1 o Reference CS: U02 CS o Start plane: 0 ft o Copies: 0 o Name rule: Imperial Position o Type: Grade Elevation

•

Elevation plane 2 o Reference CS: U02 CS o Start plane: 2 ft 1 in o Copies: 0 o Name rule: Imperial Position o Type: Bottom Of Baseplate

•


•




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Figure 4: Elevation Plane Settings

Note: •

The value in the End plane box is always grayed out. This value is determined by value of the other settings. If the number of copies is set to 0, the end plane takes the value of the start plane. Otherwise, the value of the end plane is determined by the start plane, the number of copies, and the spacing between each plane.

8.

Click the Next button.

9.

In the Create Grid X-Planes form, specify the following settings: • Reference CS: U02 CS • Start plane: 0 ft • Copies: 2 • Spacing: 20 ft • Name rule: Alphanumeric and Percent • Nesting level: Primary • Type: N-S Grid Plane

10. Click the Add button.



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Figure 5: Grid X-Plane Settings

11. Click the Next button. 12. In the Create Grid Y-Planes form, specify the following settings: • • • • • • •

Reference CS: U02 CS Start plane: 0 ft Copies: 1 Spacing: 15 ft Name rule: Alphanumeric and Percent Nesting level: Primary Type: E-W Grid Plane




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Figure 6: Grid Y-Plane Settings

14. Keep clicking the Next button until the Finish button appears. Skip the Radial Cylinder and Radial Plane forms. You specify the settings in these forms when you place a radial grid. 15. Click the Finish button on the Associated Elevation Planes form. The wizard will create grid lines at all elevations.



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Figure 7: Associated Elevation Planes Form in the Grid Wizard Dialog Box

16. To de-highlight the coordinate system rulers, click the View > Rulers… command.

Figure 8: View > Rulers… Command

17. The Rulers dialog box appears. In the dialog box, hold down the CTRL key and select the coordinate system rulers. Then, click OK.



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Figure 9: Rulers Dialog Box

18. In the Workspace Explorer, select U02 CS.

Figure 10: Selecting U02 CS in the Workspace Explorer

19. The Edit Coordinate System ribbon appears. In the System drop-down list, select the More… option.

Figure 11: More… Option on the Edit Coordinate System Ribbon

20. The Select System dialog box appears. . Choose the Database option. To make CS the parent system of U02 CS, select CS and click OK in the Select System dialog box.



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Figure 12: Select System Dialog Box

Steps for Placing Rotated Grids: Place rotated grids in Unit U06 of Area A2 by specifying the settings for the coordinate system, elevation plane, grid X-plane, and grid Y-plane in the Grid Wizard. The specifications for the rotated grids are as follows: Coordinate System: • Name: U06 CS • Axis for bearing: North(Y) • Bearing: N 20.00 deg W • East(X): 20 ft • North(Y): -300 ft • Up(Z): 0 ft Specify U06 CS as the reference coordinate system for the elevation and grid planes that you create. Elevation Plane: • Reference CS: U06 CS • Start plane: 0 ft • Copies: 1 • Spacing: 18 ft • Name rule: Imperial Position • Type: Top Of Steel



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Grid X-Plane: • Reference CS: U06 CS • Start plane: 0 ft • Copies: 1 • Spacing: 10 ft • Name rule: Alphanumeric and Percent • Type: N-S Grid Plane Grid Y-Plane: • Reference CS: U06 CS • Start plane: 0 ft • Copies: 1 • Spacing: 14 ft • Name rule: Alphanumeric and Percent • Type: E-W Grid Plane At the end of the procedure, the rotated grids should resemble the rotated grids in Figure 13.

Figure 13: Rotated Grids

1.


2.


3.

In the Create Coordinate System form of the Grid Wizard, specify the following settings: • Name: U06 CS • Axis for bearing: North(Y) • Bearing: N 20.00 deg W • East(X): 20 ft © Copyright 2007 Intergraph Corporation


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• •

North(Y): -300 ft Up(Z): 0 ft


4.


5.

In the Create Elevation Planes form, specify the following settings: • Reference CS: U06 CS • Start plane: 0 ft • Copies: 1 • Spacing: 18 ft • Name rule: Imperial Position • Type: Top Of Steel

6.

Click the Add button.



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7.


8.

In the Create Grid X-Planes form, specify the following settings: • Reference CS: U06 CS • Start plane: 0 ft • Copies: 1 • Spacing: 10 ft • Name rule: Alphanumeric and Percent • Type: N-S Grid Plane

9.

Click the Add button.



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Figure 16: Grid X-Plane Settings

10. Click the Next button. 11. In the Create Grid Y-Planes form, specify the following settings: • Reference CS: U06 CS • Start plane: 0 ft • Copies: 1 • Spacing: 14 ft • Name rule: Alphanumeric and Percent • Type: E-W Grid Plane 12. Click the Add button.



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Figure 17: Grid Y-Plane Settings

13. Keep clicking the Next button until the Finish button appears. 14. Click the Finish button on the Associated Elevation Planes form. The wizard will create grid lines at all elevations.



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15. To de-highlight the coordinate system rulers, click the View > Rulers… command. 16. The Rulers dialog box appears. In the dialog box, hold down the CTRL key and select the coordinate system rulers.




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17. Click OK. 18. In the Workspace Explorer, select U06 CS.

Figure 20: Selecting U06 CS in the Workspace Explorer


Figure 21: Selecting the More… Option on the Edit Coordinate System Ribbon

20. The Select System dialog box appears. Choose the Database option. To make CS the parent system of U06 CS, select CS and click OK in the Select System dialog box.

Steps for Placing Radial Grids: Place radial grids in Unit U05 of Area A2 by specifying the settings for the coordinate system, elevation plane, radial cylinder, and radial plane in the Grid Wizard. The specifications for the radial grids are as follows: Coordinate system: • Name: radial_grids • Axis for bearing: North(Y) • Bearing: N 20.00 deg W • East(X): 160 ft • North(Y): 400 ft • Up(Z): 0 ft Specify radial_grids as the reference coordinate system for the elevation planes, radial cylinders, and radial planes that you create.



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Elevation planes: • Elevation plane 1 o Reference CS: radial_grids o Start plane: 0 ft o Copies: 0 o Spacing: 6 ft o Name rule: Imperial Position o Type: Grade Elevation •

Elevation plane 2 o Reference CS: radial_grids o Start plane: 2 ft 1 in o Copies: 0 o Spacing: 6 ft o Name rule: Imperial Position o Type: Bottom Of Baseplate

•

Elevation plane 3 o Reference CS: radial_grids o Start plane: 18 ft o Copies: 0 o Spacing: 6 ft o Name rule: Imperial Position o Type: Top Of Steel

Radial cylinders: • Radial Cylinder 1 o Reference CS: radial_grids o Start cylinder: 163 ft 3.37 in o Copies: 0 o Name rule: Alphanumeric and Percent o Type: E-W Grid Plane •

Radial Cylinder 2 o Reference CS: radial_grids o Start cylinder: 167 ft o Copies: 0 o Name rule: Alphanumeric and Percent o Type: N-S Grid Plane

Radial planes: • Radial plane 1 o Reference CS: radial_grids o Start plane: 45.00 deg o Copies: 2 o Name rule: Alphanumeric and Percent o Type: E-W Grid Plane At the end of the procedure, the radial grids should resemble the grids in Figure 22.



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Figure 22: Placing Radial Grids

1.


2.


3.

The Grid Wizard dialog box appears. In the Create Coordinate System form, specify the following settings: • Name: radial_grids • Axis for bearing: North(Y) • Bearing: N 20.00 deg W • East(X): 160 ft • North(Y): 400 ft • Up(Z): 0 ft



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4.


5.

In the Create Elevation Planes form, specify the following settings and click the Add button after specifying each setting.

•

Elevation plane 1 o Reference CS: radial_grids o Start plane: 0 ft o Copies: 0 o Spacing: 6 ft o Name rule: Imperial Position o Type: Grade Elevation

•

Elevation plane 2 o Reference CS: radial_grids o Start plane: 2 ft 1 in o Copies: 0 o Spacing: 6 ft o Name rule: Imperial Position o Type: Bottom Of Baseplate

•

Elevation plane 3 o Reference CS: radial_grids o Start plane: 18 ft o Copies: 0 o Spacing: 6 ft o Name rule: Imperial Position o Type: Top Of Steel © Copyright 2007 Intergraph Corporation


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6.

Keep clicking the Next button until the Radial Cylinder and Radial Plane form appear. Skip the Grid X-Planes and Grid Y-Planes form. You specify settings for the grid Xplane and grid Y-plane when you create grid planes perpendicular to the x-axes and yaxes of the coordinate system.

7.

In the Create Radial Cylinder form, specify the following settings and click the Add button after specifying each setting.

•

Radial Cylinder 1 o Reference CS: radial_grids o Start cylinder: 163 ft 3.37 in o Copies: 0 o Name rule: Alphanumeric and Percent o Type: E-W Grid Plane

•

Radial Cylinder 2 o Reference CS: radial_grids o Start cylinder: 167 ft o Copies: 0 o Name rule: Alphanumeric and Percent o Type: N-S Grid Plane



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Figure 25: Radial Cylinder Settings

8.


9.

In the Create Radial Plane form, specify the following settings: • Reference CS: radial_grids • Start plane: 45.00 deg • Copies: 2 • Spacing: 45 deg • Name rule: Alphanumeric and Percent • Type: E-W Grid Plane




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Figure 26: Radial Plane Settings

11. Click the Next button. 12. Click the Finish button on the Associated Elevation Planes form.




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13. To de-highlight the coordinate system rulers, click the View > Rulers… command. 14. The Rulers dialog box appears. In the dialog box, hold down the CTRL key and select the coordinate system rulers.


15. Click OK. Fit the view to display the grid created. 16. In the Workspace Explorer, select radial_grids.

Figure 29: Selecting Radial_Grids in the Workspace Explorer


Figure 30: More… Option on the Edit Coordinate System Ribbon

18. The Select System dialog box appears. Choose the Database option. To make CS the parent system of radial_grids, select CS and click OK in the Select System dialog box. For more information related to placing coordinate systems and rotated and radial grids, refer to Understanding the Grids Workflow: An Overview topic of the user guide GridsUsersGuide.pdf.



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SP3D Structure Tutorial: Editing Grids

Session 3: Editing Grids Objective: By the end of this session, you will be able to: •

Edit the grids in a model.



Overview: A grid system is a coordinate system and a set of reference planes and/or cylinders defined relative to that coordinate system. You can create, edit, or delete the reference planes/cylinders. • • •

The Place Elevation Plane command creates one or more elevation planes. The Place Grid Plane command creates one or more planes along either the x (or East) axis or the y (or North) axis. The Place Radial Grid command places one or more concentric cylinders or radial planes passing through the center of the cylinders.

When you select one or multiple consecutive planes (or cylinders) on the same coordinate system axis, you can edit the position of the planes using the commands displayed on the Edit ribbon.

Steps for Placing an Elevation Plane: Place an elevation plane in a coordinate system. The settings for the coordinate system, type of elevation plane, reference plane, and offset are as follows: • • • • • •

Coordinate System: U04 CS Type of Elevation Plane: Top of Steel Reference: Origin Offset: 26 ft 0.00 in Copies: 0 Nesting Level: Primary

The new elevation plane created will generate grid lines as shown in Figure 1.



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Figure 1: Grid Lines

1.

Define your workspace to show Unit U04.

2.

Switch to the Grids tasks, if not already in the Grids task.

3.

Set the Active Permission Group to Layout.

4.

On the vertical toolbar, click the Place Elevation Plane button.

Figure 2: Place Elevation Plane Button on the Vertical Toolbar

5.

On the Elevation Plane Horizontal ribbon, select U04 CS as the coordinate system in the CS drop-down list, as shown in Figure 3.

Figure 3: Selection of the Coordinate System

The Type drop-down list on the Elevation Plane Horizontal ribbon displays a list of elevation plane types, which are defined in the Catalog and can be customized by the system administrator. The type of elevation plane can be used to help in the generation of Drawings and Reports. 6.

In the Type drop-down list, select the Top Of Steel option as shown in Figure 4.

Figure 4: Type Drop-Down List © Copyright 2007 Intergraph Corporation


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7.

Click the Properties button to open the Elevation Plane Properties dialog box. Set Naming Rule to Imperial Position, as shown in Figure 5.

Figure 5: Naming Rule Option in the Elevation Plane Properties Dialog Box

The next step is to specify values for the Reference, Offset, Copies, and Nesting Level parameters on the Elevation Plane Horizontal ribbon: • •

• •

•

8.

The Reference can be the origin or a selected elevation plane. When you are in the Elevation Plane Position smartstep of the Elevation Plane Placement command, the software prompts you to enter a point to position the plane. The Offset box dynamically indicates the distance from the reference defined by your current cursor position. You can click in the graphic view to create the plane at a graphically selected location. If you use the step function of the PinPoint command, this can be a very easy way to position the planes without keying in the values. If you key in an offset, the plane is placed when you press the Enter key. After the elevation plane is created, the command cycles to again accept input for the next plane position. The command defaults to the last used nesting level. You must set the nesting level before entering an offset by data point or by key in since that creates the plane. The nesting level is used by some of the naming rules provided in the default catalog. Nesting level can be Primary, Secondary, or Tertiary. This represents a hierarchy along an axis. Between two adjacent planes, a difference of only one level is allowed. Therefore, you can place secondary planes between two primary planes and tertiary planes between two secondary planes. The Copies option allows you to place multiple elevation planes. It indicates the number of additional elevation planes to be placed in the grid. By default, the value in this box is 0. With this value, a single elevation plane is placed by using the specified reference plane as the starting point and the offset as the distance to the new elevation plane.

On the Place Elevation Plane ribbon, set the Reference, Offset, Copies, and Nesting Level parameters, as shown in Figure 6.



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Figure 6: Reference, Offset, Copies, and Nesting Level for the Elevation Plane

9.

Key in the Offset value and press the Enter key to commit the value to the database. The elevation plane will be placed, as shown in Figure 7.

Figure 7: Elevation Plane Placed at 26 ft

10. Now, key in the Offset value as 15 ft and press the Enter key to commit the transaction. The view will now resemble Figure 8.

Figure 8: Two Elevation Planes

11. Press the ESC key to exit the command.

Steps for Editing Single Elevation Plane: Editing an elevation plane is very similar to creating the plane. When you select the plane by clicking it in the Workspace Explorer or on the graphic Ruler, the Edit ribbon for the elevation plane is automatically displayed. To change the offset of the elevation plane currently at 15 ft, perform the following steps: © Copyright 2007 Intergraph Corporation


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1.

Click the Select button on the vertical toolbar, as shown in Figure 9.

Figure 9: Select Button on the Vertical Toolbar

2.

Set the Locate Filter to Grids Entities, as shown in Figure 10.

Figure 10: Grids Entities Selected in the Locate Filter Drop-Down List

Tip: •

3.

While working in the Grids task, you can use the Grid Entities filter to locate any grid system design objects, such as coordinate systems, elevation planes, and grid planes. Since it is easy to point to what you want graphically in the Workspace Explorer without getting the Quick Pick. It is best to set the Locate Filter to Grids Entities and leave it.

Select the elevation plane (at 15 ft) to be edited in the Workspace Explorer, as shown in Figure 11.

Figure 11: Elevation Plane Selected in the Workspace Explorer



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Tip: •

4.

You can also select the plane by clicking the check mark on the Ruler. Display the Rulers for a grid system by using the View > Rulers… command.

Key in the new offset value, 10 ft, in the Offset box. The changes are committed to the database as you enter them through the controls on the Edit ribbon. The ribbon remains displayed until you select something else in the SP3D window.

Figure 12: Offset Box on the Edit Ribbon

Tip: •

To change the position of the plane by graphic entry of a point, click the Elevation Plane Position smartstep next to the Properties button, as shown in Figure 13.

Figure 13: Elevation Plane Position Smartstep on the Edit Ribbon

•

You can edit all the properties of the elevation plane, including the permission group of the plane, by clicking the Properties option on the Edit ribbon, as shown in Figure 14.

Figure 14: Properties Option on the Edit Ribbon

Clicking the Properties button will open the Elevation Plane Properties dialog box, as shown in Figure 15.

Figure 15: Elevation Plane Properties Dialog Box

5.

Key in the desired value to change the position of the selected elevation plane.



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Steps for Editing the Positions of Multiple Elevation Planes: You can edit the positions of multiple consecutive elevation planes. When you select multiple consecutive elevation planes, the Edit ribbon for changing multiple planes is displayed. You can edit the common properties of the elevation planes such as the nesting level, type, and permission group. You can also edit the positions of the elevation planes. 1.

Click the Select button on the vertical toolbar.


2.

Select Grids Entities in the Locate Filter drop-down list, as shown in Figure 17.

Figure 17: Grid Entities Option in the Locate Filter Drop-Down List

3.

In the Workspace Explorer, click the first elevation plane at 26 ft to select it. Hold the Shift key on your keyboard and click the second elevation plane at 10 ft to select it, as shown in Figure 18.

Figure 18: Elevation Planes Selected in the Workspace Explorer

Tip: •

Using the Shift-select method assures that you select a consecutive set of reference planes to move. © Copyright 2007 Intergraph Corporation


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•

The Edit ribbon for modifying multiple planes displays, as shown in Figure 18. There are two position editing options provided in the Reference drop-down list on the ribbon: o Relative: The Relative option moves the planes such that the distance between them is equal to the offset you enter. The first plane of the set remains in the same position. o Previous: The Previous option moves the entire set of planes, keeping their relative positions to one another but changing the offset from the first plane of the set to the previous reference plane. This option is not available if there is no plane at a position in front of the selected set of planes.

Figure 19: Edit Ribbon for Multiple Planes

4.

Type a new offset value 15 ft in the Offset box with the Relative option selected in the Reference drop-down list. This will change the offset between the two elevation planes, as shown in Figure 20.

Figure 20: Elevation Planes with Modified Offset Between Them

Steps for Placing and Editing a Grid Plane: Placing and editing a grid plane is exactly the same procedure as placing and editing an elevation plane. The axis control defines the axis on which the planes will be created. To place the grid plane, set the parameters as follows: Coordinate System: U04 CS Axis: X Type: N-S Grid Plane Reference: Origin Copies: 0 Nesting Level: Primary Name Rule: Imperial Position © Copyright 2007 Intergraph Corporation


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1.

Click the Place Grid Plane button on the vertical toolbar.

Figure 21: Place Grid Plane Button on the Vertical Toolbar

2.

On the Place Grid Plane ribbon, set the following parameters: Coordinate System: U04 CS Axis: X Type: N-S Grid Plane Reference: Origin Copies: 0 Nesting Level: Primary Name Rule: Imperial Position

Figure 22: All Parameters Set to Required Values

3.

Key in the Offset value as 0 ft and press the Enter key to commit the transaction. The grid plane will be placed. The plane can be seen in the Workspace Explorer as shown in Figure 23.

Figure 23: Grid Plane Placed at 0 ft Offset

4.

Key in the Offset value as 25 ft to place grid planes at 25 ft as shown in Figure 24.



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Figure 24: Grid Planes Placed at Offsets of 25 ft

5.

To modify the position of the grid plane, click the Select button on the vertical toolbar.

6.

Select the Grid Plane in the Locate Filter drop-down list, as shown in Figure 25.

Figure 25: Grid Plane Option in the Locate Filter Drop-Down List

7.

Click to select the grid plane at 25 ft, which is to be moved.

8.

Click the Grid Plane Position option on the ribbon.

9.

Key in the Offset value as 20 ft to specify the new location in the offset.

10. On the Place Grid Plane ribbon, set the following parameters: Coordinate System: U04 CS Axis: Y Type: E-W Grid Plane Reference: Origin Copies: 1 11. Key in the Offset value as 15 ft and press the Enter key to commit the transaction 12. Press the ESC key to exit the command.

Steps for Placing and Editing a Radial Grid Cylinders: Placing and editing a radial grid cylinder or plane is exactly the same procedure as placing and editing an elevation plane. The Axis control selection of C creates the cylinders. The Axis control selection of R creates the radial grid planes. As with the rectangular grid planes, a smartstep is provided to select which elevation planes will create grid lines and arcs at the intersection with the radial grid cylinders and planes. Radial grid cylinders and planes together form a radial grid system, as shown in Figure 26.



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Figure 26: Radial Grid System

The following procedure demonstrates the placement and editing of a radial grid cylinder: 1.

Define your workspace to display the coordinate system for Unit U05, U05 CS.

2.

Click the Place Radial Grid button on the vertical toolbar, as shown in Figure 27.

Figure 27: Place Radial Grid Button

3.

Set the following parameters on the Place Radial Grid ribbon: Coordinate System: U05 CS Axis: C Type: N-S Grid Plane Reference: Origin Copies: 1 Nesting Level: Primary Name Rule: Alphanumeric and Percent

4.

In the Offset box, key in the offset between the grid planes as 5 ft and press the Enter key. The radial grid cylinder will be placed, as shown in Figure 28.



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Figure 28: Radial Grid Cylinder

5.

Right-click in the graphic view to terminate the command.

6.

To edit the radial grid cylinder that you placed, select it in the Workspace Explorer, as shown in Figure 29.

Figure 29: Workspace Explorer Showing the Radial Grid

The Edit ribbon for the radial grid displays. Figure 30 shows the Edit ribbon for the selected radial grid cylinder.

Figure 30: Edit Ribbon for the Radial Grid Cylinder © Copyright 2007 Intergraph Corporation


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7.

Key in the Offset value as 20 ft. The radial grid cylinder will be modified, as shown in Figure 31.

Figure 31: Radial Grid Cylinder with Modified Offset Value

For more information related to placing grid planes and elevation planes, refer to the following topics of the user guide GridsUsersGuide.pdf: • Place Elevation Plane Command • Place an Elevation Plane • Place Multiple Elevation Planes • Place Grid Plane Command • Place a Grid Plane • Place Multiple Grid Planes



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SP3D Structure Tutorial: Structure: An Overview

Session 4: Structure: An Overview Objective: By the end of this session, you will be able to: • Identify the tasks that can be performed in the Structure task.



Overview: The Structure task enables you to design structural steel framing and supports, foundations, floors, slabs, platforms, ladders, handrails, and simple industrial architecture with roofing, cladding, walls, doors, and windows.

Figure 1: Structural Framing

To open the Structure task in SP3D, click the Tasks > Structure command.



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Figure 2: Tasks > Structure Command

Common Structure Tasks: Using the Structure task, you can place and modify the following design objects: •

Member system and part: Structural member design is divided into two design objects, the member system and the member part. A member system defines the logical axis of the member and the structural frame connectivity through frame connections. It is the system parent of a collinear set of one or more member parts. In other words, it forms the stick model of the structural frame. The member parts are created based on the logical axis of the parent member system and the user-defined location of splits. The command to create a member creates the member system and a member part at the same time. After a member system is split into multiple member parts, you can assign different materials, section sizes, and cardinal points to each member part. The available sections and materials are defined in the Catalog. The Edit ribbon of member parts allows you to edit both the member system and the member part. So, you normally consider the member as you design. The system/part model allows engineers to lock the frame design from changes without preventing the further detailing of the member parts for fabrication and construction purposes. You can trim the member part, as required, for the specific detailed connection design. You lock the member system by setting the Status property to In Review or Approved. You can separately lock the member part by setting its status.

•

Split in member system: A split divides a member system into multiple parts. The splitting function is useful for designing intersecting grids of connected members. You select the member systems to split and the objects that define the split location.

•

Linear member: A linear member is a member system consisting of a standard section from the Catalog projected along a line defined by two points.

•

Curved member: A curved member is a member system consisting of a standard section from the Catalog projected along a curve. The curve can be defined by several sketching options including the most common, Arc by 3 Points.



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•

Frame connection: A frame connection defines the connection and positioning of the member systems relative to each other, grid lines, and surfaces of other objects, or simply to a point in space. The ends of a member system can have different frame connection types. They are created as you place members. When placing a member, you select the type of frame connection that represents the intent of engineering positioning or you can let the system select the appropriate frame connection using the By Rule option. For example, the seated frame connection positions the supported member on top or bottom of the supporting member regardless of the cardinal points that were used to place the members.

•

Assembly connection: An assembly connection adds or removes material from the member and creates the additional parts needed for the physical joint. It is a design object that controls the creation and placement of other design objects. The current default Catalog provides assembly connection types that simply approximate the final connection by creating trims, base plates, and gusset plates as necessary. You must do the detailed structural connection design external to SP3D. In the future, an assembly connection Catalog can be created that executes the full detailed structural connection design directly in the SP3D model. The assembly connection recalculates automatically when you edit the position and/or size of the members. You apply the assembly connections late in the design cycle to keep the model lighter during frequent editing of the frame design.

•

Slab: A slab is used to represent any type of constant-thickness solid such as actual floor slabs, steel grating, steel plate, and roofing. The model geometry is a constant-thickness solid, but properties can define layers of different materials for reports. The default structure Catalog defines several different types. You place a slab by selecting or defining a plane and a boundary. Several methods are provided for defining the plane and the boundary.

•

Wall: A wall is a cross-section projected along a planar path and optionally bounded or trimmed at the top by selected surfaces. The model geometry is a solid, but properties can define layers of different materials for reports. The cross-section can be rectangular for typical constant thickness walls or can have different shapes as defined in the Catalog. For example, retaining walls can have nonrectangular cross-section. You can define the path in the 2D sketching environment or by drawing directly in the 3D model. You choose how the cross-section is positioned relative to the path by cardinal points defined on the cross-section shape.

•

Opening: An opening can be made in a slab, wall, or member. You define the shape of the opening by selecting boundaries, sketching the opening outline, or placing a predefined 2D shape from the Catalog. You can control the depth of the opening to create a fully penetrating hole or a recessed opening.

•

Door and window: The default equipment Catalog provides several types of doors and windows under the Architectural node. When you place a door or window using the Place Equipment command, the required rough opening is also automatically created in the wall or slab.



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•

Footing: A footing generates geometry with single identity that is sufficiently detailed for general arrangement drawings and for participation in interference detection. It does not create multiple separate parts with fabrication identities and properties. You can position a footing relative to existing columns or by point before the columns exist. You define the height by selecting a supporting surface/plane or by entering the footing dimensions depending on the footing type selected from the Catalog.

•

Equipment foundation: An equipment foundation can be composed of actual structural members with fabrication identities or just geometry sufficiently detailed for general arrangement drawings. The behavior depends on the type of equipment foundation chosen from the Catalog. You place a foundation relative to existing equipment. The height of the foundation can be defined by selecting a supporting surface/plane or by entering the foundation dimensions.

•

Stair and ladder: Stair and ladder generate geometry sufficiently detailed for general arrangement drawings and for participation in interference detection. They do not create separate parts with fabrication identities and properties. However, the parameters of the design object can be used along with standards to drive useful material reports. You place stairs and ladders relative to a bottom plane, top edge, and an offset from a reference edge or surface.

•

Handrail: A handrail generates geometry sufficiently detailed for general arrangement drawings and for participation in interference detection. It does not create separate parts with fabrication identities and properties. However, the parameters of the design objects can be used along with standards to drive useful material reports. You can place a handrail by defining a path by points or by selecting members.

•

Miscellaneous type constructions: The Place Equipment command is available in the Structure task. This command allows you to place predefined constructions from the Catalog. You can place any standard equipment from the Catalog using this command. For example, you can place predefined manholes and catch basins while in the Structure task. However, if you need to model the unique geometry, then you must currently do this work from the Equipment task using the Place Designed Equipment command and combining shapes for modeling.

All structure objects are created using information defined in the Catalog. Your Catalog administrator can customize the content of your Catalog to represent your design practices. You can import or export structure using CIMsteel Integration Standard file format (CIS/2) from the Structure task. The File > Import > Structure command imports a CIS/2 file into the model. This command recognizes global user identities (GUIDs) to uniquely identify objects and manage the electronic exchange with the other software package. The File > Export > Structure command exports the structural physical model to the CIS/2 file. The CIS/2 file contains all the necessary physical data to allow third-party software, such as a detailing application, to import the structure.



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Typical Workflow: The typical workflow for modeling in structure, civil, and architecture application area should focus on establishing the appropriate associative relationships for your design intent. These relationships can greatly enhance the productivity of any changes you may have to make in the design. One of the difficulties with the current functions in the Structure environment is that it is not easy to see all the relationships that exist. This problem is being addressed in future enhancements but in the meantime, you can overcome the difficulties by always following standard design practice. The tasks that constitute the workflow of structure are as follows: 1.

Defining a grid system: Before placing structure in a model, it is advisable to place reference grids and elevations using the Grids task. The grids provide a frame of reference to place structural as well as other application design objects. Instead of placing columns in free space, for example, you can place columns with respect to a particular elevation and east/north grid intersections. Later, if you need to adjust the column spacing, you can move a grid and all associated design objects will automatically adjust to the new position.

2.

Modeling members in order of construction using frame connections: Members are positioned relative to grid lines, existing members, or surfaces of other geometry by the frame connections. It means that the member you are placing needs a supporting member or other object to define the final position. This allows you to edit the member sizing and positioning and have all the details automatically adjust.

3.

Executing structural analysis workflow: Member design and analysis design need to be cycled until frame structure is appropriate. For more information related to the structural analysis workflow, refer to the Structural Analysis sessions.

4.

Placing slabs or gratings relative to elevation planes: Slabs and platform grating levels need to be positioned relative to elevation planes rather than member surfaces. You may decide to later delete a particular member when you change the model. While placing a platform, for which no elevation plane exists, use Offset from Plane option and reference the ground elevation plane or create another elevation plane. Do not use the 3 Points Plane option of setting the elevation for slabs and gratings. You may pick associative points for initial positioning that you do not intended to later drive the elevation or some of which were deleted during detailed modifications. In other words, elevations should be managed, whenever possible, using your well-controlled elevation planes. Optionally, if you do not want to have designs that you can drive by editing the elevation planes or offsets from your standard elevation planes, then use the 3 Points Plane option for positioning the slab. Make sure when you key in the three points, they do not reference geometry. This gives you a surface in space with no relationships.



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5.

Placing arbitrarily oriented plates by the 3 Points Plane option using the Place Slab command: When you create the plane for the plate position, make sure you locate associative points (SmartSketch glyphs) to keep the plate in the right position relative to the supporting geometry.

6.

Placing stairs, ladders, and handrails: These design objects should typically be positioned relative to the design objects they are physically attached to in actual construction. Again, the exception is to use elevation planes where possible since they represent the most stable design information.

7.

Placing footings and equipment foundations: Footings are usually placed relative to the members they support. Equipment foundations are designed and positioned based on the equipment location and the supporting surface.

For more information related to structure tasks and concepts, refer to following topics in the user guide StructureUsersGuide.pdf:

• • • • • • •

Structure: An Overview Understanding the Structure Workflow: An Overview Working with Members: An Overview Working with Walls and Slabs: An Overview Placing Equipment from the Catalog: An Overview Managing Equipment Foundations: An Overview Implementing Footings: An Overview

You can access StructureUsersGuide.pdf from StructurePrintGuide.htm.

Quiz: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

What is a member system? Why is it advisable to place grids before placing structure objects? What is the purpose of a frame connection? What is the purpose of an assembly connection? Which design objects can be cut by placing an opening?



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SP3D Structure Tutorial: Placing Members in a Structure

Session 5: Placing Members in a Structure Objective: By the end of this session, you will be able to: •

Place linear and curved members individually using frame connections that maintains member positioning design intent.

Prerequisite Sessions: • • • •

SP3D Overview SP3D Common Sessions Grids: An Overview Structure: An Overview

Overview: The concepts of member systems and member parts were introduced in the Structure Overview session. After a member system is placed, you can split it into multiple parts. The procedure for placing splits is described in another session. A linear member system consisting of single part can be placed by using the Place Member System command. The command allows you to position the ends of the member using frame connections. Frame connections define the connection and positioning of the member systems relative to each other, to the grid lines, to the surfaces of other objects, or simply to a point in space. The ends of a member system can have different types of frame connections, which are created as you place the member. The frame connections support effective initial modeling and define a structural model that will adjust appropriately as you move the members and change member sizes. When placing a member, select the type of frame connection that represents your engineering design intent. Alternatively, you can let the software select the appropriate frame connection By Rule. For example, the seated frame connection positions the supported member on the top or bottom of the supporting member, regardless of the cardinal points used to place the members. You can place a curved member system by using the Place Curve Member System command. A curved member is defined by placing a curve of one or more linear or arc segments. The ends can be positioned only by the Axis-Along or Unsupported frame connections. Assembly connections are used to trim the connected member parts to the correct length. When a member is placed using frame connections, no interference is reported between the brace and the supporting members. The steel-detailing design phase assures that the members have the required end-cuts. Steel detailing can be accomplished within SP3D by using customized assembly connections or executed using third-party programs outside SP3D. Assembly connections are discussed in another session.



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Steps for Placing Linear Members with Unsupported Ends: The Unsupported frame connection positions the ends of a member, relative to the Grid system, to the Grid lines, or simply to a specific point in space. In this activity, you will place columns at the intersection of grid lines. Place a column at a grid intersection by using the following specifications: Section name: W14x43 Cardinal point: 5 Material: Carbon-Steel Grade: A36

• • • •

The view of the structure after placing the column will be similar to that shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1: Final Output of the Placement of a Column

Note: •

Use the grid system to position the structural members. Although grids are not absolutely necessary, they help in the modeling process by providing a reference location for placing columns, instead of placing them in free space. When a grid line is moved by changing the location of the grid plane, all objects associated with that grid line move along with it.

1.

Define your workspace to include A2 > U04 and coordinate system U04 CS.

2.

Click the Structure command on the Tasks menu to switch to the Structure task.



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Figure 2: Selecting the Structure Environment

3.

Set the Active Permission Group to Structural.

Figure 3: Making Structural the Active Permission Group

4.

Click the

Place Linear Member System button on the vertical toolbar, as shown in Figure 4.

Figure 4: The Place Linear Member System Button Highlighted © Copyright 2007 Intergraph Corporation


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The Place Linear Member System ribbon appear on the top, as shown in Figure 5.

Figure 5: Place Linear Member System Ribbon

Notes: •

•

5.

In the Connection box, select a frame connection type to be used for positioning the member. The last frame connection you used will be selected by default. The option By Rule allows the software to automatically select a frame connection type based on the type of member being placed and the start and end points selected. You can manually select the frame connection from the Catalog using the More... option in the Connection drop-down list. In this workflow, you will locate the intersection of grid lines for the two points that define the member location. The frame connection selected by rule while locating the intersecting grid lines is Unsupported, but has associative relationships to the intersection point. If you modify the position of the grid plane, the position of the members will be updated.

The System option identifies the parent system for the member.

Figure 6: System Drop-Down List

Notes: • • •

6.

In the System field, the software defaults to the system you used last. The drop-down list for the control shows the systems you last selected for you to use. If you want to use a system other than the last-used systems, select the More... option to browse for the required system. The Select System dialog box opens, as shown in Figure 7.

In the Select System dialog box, expand A2 > U04 > Structural and select the Columns system to indicate the location where the columns will be placed, as shown in Figure 7.



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Figure 7: The Select System Dialog Box

7.

In the Type category drop-down list of the Place Linear Member System ribbon, select the Column option. Figure 8 shows the option highlighted.

Figure 8: The Type Category Drop-Down List

Note: •

8.

Member type categories are broad groups of member types defined in the Catalog. The default Catalog has a member type category called Column. The Column type category contains the Column and Stud member types. When placing a member, select a member type category and then a member type. The member type is used for generating drawings and reports.

Type the section name W14x43 in the Section name box of the Place Linear Member System ribbon.

Notes: •

•

You can select the desired section from the drop-down list. The list of options you see are the section sizes you used last—for placing the member Type category and Type. This retention of last-used member sizes is very useful since a given design typically uses just a few different member sizes. This list of last-used section sizes is stored in the session file. You can enter the full section name to identify the cross section from the Catalog. © Copyright 2007 Intergraph Corporation


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•

You can also look up the desired section by entering part of the name with a search character in the Section name box and then selecting the section name in the Select Section dialog box, as displayed in Figure 9. Enter W14* to get the following:

Figure 9: Section Name Selected by Name Search

•

You can look up the section by selecting the More… option.

Figure 10: The Section Name Selected

9. Select 5-Center in the Cardinal point drop-down list, as shown in Figure 11:

Figure 11: The Cardinal Point Selected



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Notes: •

There are 15 cardinal positions available. The location of the cardinal points 10 (center-ofgravity) and 15 (shear center) depend on the shape of the section. For example, the cardinal point 5 is the center-center and the cardinal point 8 is the top-center.

Figure 12: Cardinal Points

• •

The Angle option defines the angle by which the cross-section is rotated about the logical axis of the column. The Reflect option mirrors the cross-section about the local z-axis of the member. This option affects both symmetric and asymmetric sections. You can use this option in situations such as when you want the flanges of a channel section to point in opposite directions.

10. Click the Properties option on the Place Linear Member System ribbon, as shown in Figure 13.

Figure 13: Properties Button on the Place Linear Member System Ribbon

11. The Member Properties dialog box is displayed. Click the Cross Section tab in the dialog box. 12. Select the properties Steel-Carbon and A36 in the Material and Grade drop-down lists, respectively, as shown in Figure 14.

Figure 14: Member Properties Dialog Box © Copyright 2007 Intergraph Corporation


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13. Click OK to save the properties.

Notes: •

If you set the Material and Grade properties before placing a structural member during a session, the values of these properties are retained throughout the session. To retain the values, save the session file in the existing SP3D. This allows you to typically define the material and grade only once for a given session file.

) 14. Point to the intersection of two grid lines to indicate the starting point of the column. A glyph ( appears; to indicate the intersection of the two lines, as shown in Figure 15. Click the glyph to place the start point of the column.

Figure 15: Intersection of Two Grid Lines

Notes: •

SmartSketch points relative to existing graphic objects are located when you are in a smartstep of any command prompting you to locate a point. You indicate what types of points you want to locate by setting the options on the SmartSketch page of Tools > Options dialog box. In this case, make sure you have elected to locate intersection points.”

15. Point to the grid intersection at 25 ft elevation to specify the end point of the column and click on it, as shown by the glyph in Figure 16. The column will be placed starting from the bottom and moving to the top.



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Figure 16: Placement of a Column

Notes: • •

After you enter the second point, the command cycles back and you are prompted to enter the first point of the next member. If you want to use the end point of the previous member as the first point of the next member, click the second point smartstep. You are prompted to enter the second point of the next member. The command will then continue to cycle, repeatedly prompting you to enter the second point of the next member and using the value of the first point that you last entered as the default. This action is repeated until you click on the first point smartstep to indicate you want to identify a different first point. The command cycle to prompt only for the second point sis useful for productively creating, for example, the outer frame of a platform. This is called the Contiguous Placement method.

16. Place three more columns at the remaining grid intersections.

Steps for Placing Linear Members with Supported Ends: The start and end points of members can also be placed so that they establish a frame connection with the existing members. This is the most common placement condition. In this activity, you will place beams between two columns by using the Contiguous Placement method. Place beams between columns in Unit U04 by using the Contiguous Placement method. Use the following specifications to place the beams: • • • • • • •

System: A2 > U04 > Structural > Beams Type category: Beam Type: Beam Section name: W16x67 Cardinal point: 8 Material: Steel- Carbon Grade: A36



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After placing the beams, the model will resemble Figure 17.

Figure 17: Final Output of Placement of a Beam

1.

Click the Place Linear Member System button on the vertical toolbar.

2.

Set the following parameters: • • • • • • •

3.

System: A2 > U04 > Structural > Beams Type category: Beam Type: Beam Section name: W16x67 Cardinal point: 8 Material: Steel- Carbon Grade: A36

Point to the intersection of two grid lines to indicate the starting point of the beam to be placed. A glyph (

) will appear to indicate the intersection of the two lines.

Figure 18: Start Point of the Beam Highlighted



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4.

Click the intersection and click the middle mouse button while aligning the mouse along the intended direction. This sets the elevation of the top of the beam. Repeat step 3 on the second column where the beam is to be connected. This creates a relation between the column and the beam and another relation between the beam and the grid elevation plane.

5.

Click the End option on the Place Linear Member System ribbon to activate the Contiguous Placement mode.

6.

Point to the end location of the next beam and click to select it.

Figure 19: End Point of the Beam Highlighted

7.

The beam will be placed between the two columns, as shown in Figure 20.

Figure 20: The Placed Beam © Copyright 2007 Intergraph Corporation


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8.

Place the rest of the beams, as shown in the figure below, by simply clicking the second point for each member.

Figure 21: The Final Output After All the Beams are Placed

9.

Repeat these steps to place beams at the top of columns.

Frame Connections: Frame connections support effective initial modeling and define a structural model that will adjust appropriately as you move members and change member sizes. A frame connection automatically calculates the position of the end point of the member to achieve and maintain your positioning design intent. When you place a member, the frame connection used can be selected by rule or manually. Your company can customize the rule-based selection of the desired frame connection based on information about the objects involved with the connection.

Notes: • • •

•

You can select the frame connection of another member as the start or end location of the member that you are placing if you intend the connection to be the logical end of the supporting member. The ends of the member can have different connection types, including one end as Unsupported. Set the Locate filter to the Member system and click a beam. The software will highlight all objects related to the frame connections. This will confirm that an accurate relation has been established between the columns and beams as well as between the beams and the elevation plane. The frame connection is an optional relationship. When you copy-paste, you can elect to re-establish © Copyright 2007 Intergraph Corporation


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the frame connection relationship to members outside of the copy set or delete the relationship and replace it with Unsupported relationship. See the session on copy-paste. You will need to experiment with different types of frame connections to fully understand their behaviors and the situations where they are most useful. The following gives a conceptual overview.

Types of Frame Connections: There are three classes of frame connections: • Connections that require no supporting members. These connections are of two types: Unsupported connection: Includes associative positioning relationship established to grid lines. o General Surface connection: Includes associative positioning relationship established to the surface. Connections that require single supporting member as input. These connections are of three types: o Seated connection: Includes member which lie on an exterior surface, above or below the surface. o Flush connection: Includes member with coincident surfaces that lie within the depth of the member. o Axis Along, Axis End, and Centerline connections: Includes member placed relative to a selected cardinal point axis of the supporting member. Vertical Corner Brace connections require two or more supporting members as input. Multiple inputs can be found by the connection by selecting the frame connection between two members. o

•

•

Frame Connections Available in the Catalog: •

Axis-Along: An Axis-Along frame connection positions the end point of the supported member axis at a point you define along the supporting member (with the option to have offsets from that point). It does not matter what cardinal point is used for the logical axis of the supporting member. You can choose to maintain this position after the connected structure members are modified, by using three different behaviors: Intersection, Distance, and Ratio. The same Axis-Along positioning behaviors are available for the Centerline, Flush, and Seated frame connections.

Figure 22: Axis Connection

o

Intersection: An Intersection frame connection maintains the connection by extending the supported member in the same direction until it intersects with the moved supported member.



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Figure 23: Intersection

o

Distance: A Distance frame connection maintains the connection at the original distance from the start of the supporting member.

Figure 24: Distance

o

Ratio: A Ratio frame connection maintains the connection at the original ratio of the supporting member length.

•

Axis-End: An Axis-End frame connection is the same as Axis Along, except that it positions the supported member at the end of the supporting member.

•

Axis-Collinear: An Axis-Collinear frame connection shows exactly the same behavior as Axis-End in the current version. The type should be removed from the Catalog.

•

Centerline: A Centerline frame connection uses the centerline of the supporting member to position the supported member, as shown in Figure 25, with the optional offset from the center.



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Figure 25: Centerline Frame Connection

•

Flush: A Flush frame connection uses the top and bottom extent of the supporting member to position the supported member. The supported member typically lies within the body of the supporting member, as shown in Figure 26.

Figure 26: Flush Frame Connection

•

Seated: A Seated frame connection uses the top or bottom extent of the supporting member to position the supported member. The supported member typically rests against the supporting member, but can be offset as displayed in Figure 27.

Figure 27: Seated Frame Connection

•

Vertical Corner Brace: A Vertical Corner Brace connection positions a vertical brace that frames into a column-beam corner. You can define offsets in the X, Y, and Z directions. You select one of the six work points or the point through which the axis of the brace passes. © Copyright 2007 Intergraph Corporation


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Figure 28: Vertical Corner Brace

•

Surface: A Surface frame connection positions the end of the supported member on a selected surface of any object type.

•

Unsupported: An Unsupported frame connection positions the end of the supported member in space or relative to grid lines.

Selection of Frame Connections Existing in the Model: You can graphically select the frame connections after they have been created by setting Locate Filter to Frame Connections or All and positioning the cursor near the ends of the member systems. The graphic handle for the selection is a hidden cylinder that highlights when you move the cursor over them, as shown in Figure 29.

Figure 29: Highlighted Frame Connection

You can also select the frame connection by first selecting the member part and then selecting the end one smartstep on the edit ribbon bar for the member part. Finally, you can select the frame connection from the Workspace Explorer. First, select the member; the Workspace Explorer will automatically scroll to that member. You can then see the frame connections nested under the member system.

Selection of Frame Connections to Use During Member Placement: 1.

Selecting Frame Connections Using the By Rule Option:

When placing linear members, if you select the By Rule option, the software selects the frame connections. Frame connections are selected as the software connects to the supporting member, based on the supporting and supported member type category, type, and geometry. These rules can be customized by your administrator: •

Surface-Default: This rule is selected when a member connects to a non-member object and the software selects the unsupported frame connection, unless the non-member object is a surface.

•

Axis Along: This rule is selected when a member connects to another member.



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•

Axis-End: This rule is selected when: o

Two members have the same type category, are parallel, end matched, and are in the same permission group.

o

Two members have the same type category and are end-matched.

o

The member being placed belongs to the Brace category and the two members are endmatched.

•

Seated-Top: This rule is selected when the member being placed is of the type Girt or Purlin and the two members are not parallel.

•

When placing a member, if you select the frame connection of another member as the end point, the software reads both the frame connection's member and its optional supporting member. If the member being placed is coplanar with those two members, the software selects Vertical Corner Brace-WP2.

•

When placing a member, if you select a split connection as the end point, the software reads the two members related to the split connection. If the member being placed is coplanar with the two members, the software selects Vertical Corner Brace-WP2.

2. Selecting Frame Connections Manually: When placing a member, you can select the specific frame connection you want to use on the ribbon bar.

Figure 30: Highlighted Frame Connection Drop-Down Box

With the connection properties displayed, you can edit the Frame Connection positioning properties before you place the member.

Notes: •

•

The Axis-Along frame connection created in the middle of the horizontal member is currently created with the position rule as Intersection. However, this may not be what you want for this type of connection. If the horizontal member moves up, you want the end point of the brace to maintain its position in the center of the beam. Select the frame connection and change the property position rule as Ratio to keep the brace in the middle of the horizontal member as it moves up or gets longer. When in the Finish state of member placement using the By Rule connection selection option, you can review and/or change the properties of either of the frame connections of the member being placed by activating the Connection properties dialog box. This dialog box will display whenever you are in the Place Member command, until you cancel it.



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Figure 31: Connection Properties Dialog Box

•

Once you change the properties of a frame connection type while using the placement command, the new property settings will become the default and will be used the next time you place the frame connection. This feature allows you to place several members with the same settings.

Steps for Placing Vertical Corner Brace: Place a vertical corner brace from the lower end of the first column to the east end of the first beam in Unit U04. Use the following specifications to place the vertical corner brace: • • • • • •

System: A2 > U04 > Structural > Vertical Braces Type category: Brace Type: Vertical Brace Section name: L8x4x1/2 Cardinal point: 1 Angle: 180 deg

After it is placed, the vertical corner brace appears, as shown in the figure below.

Figure 32: Final Output of Placing the Vertical Corner Brace

1.

Click the Place Linear Member System command on the vertical toolbar.

2.

The Place Linear Member System ribbon appears. Set the following specifications on the ribbon: • •

System: A2 > U04 > Structural > Vertical Braces Type category: Brace © Copyright 2007 Intergraph Corporation


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• • • • 3.

Type: Vertical Brace Section name: L8x4x1/2 Cardinal point: 1 Angle: 180 deg

Click at the lower end of the first column to the east end of the first beam to place the vertical brace, as shown in Figure 33. To identify this location, use the frame connection.

Figure 33: Highlighted Frame Connection in the Second Column

4.

Perform the same workflow for the other side of the structure.

Figure 34: The Placed Vertical Braces



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Steps for Placing a Horizontal Brace: Place two Horizontal braces on the first floor frame of Unit U04 in system A2. Use the following specifications: • • • • • • • • • •

Connection: Flush-Top Type category: Brace Type: Horizontal Brace Section name: L4x3x3/8 Cardinal point: 8 – top center System: A2 > U04 > Structural > Horizontal Braces Angle: N/A (not active with a Flush connection) Reflect: Off Material: Steel-Carbon Grade: A36

1.

Use the Clip by Object command to isolate the beams and the columns in the first floor of U03.

2.

Click the Place Linear Member System button on the vertical toolbar.

3.

The Place Linear Member System ribbon appears. Set the following specifications on the ribbon: • Connection: Frame Connections > Flush > Flush-Top • System: A2 > U04 > Structural > Horizontal Braces • Type category: Brace • Type: Horizontal Brace • Section name: L4x3x3/8 • Cardinal point: 8 – Top Center • Material: Steel- Carbon • Grade: A36

4.

Click the Connection properties button and set the properties of the frame connection as follows: • •

Offset: 0 ft 3 in Edge: Bottom

Figure 35: Place Horizontal Brace with the Flush Frame Connection © Copyright 2007 Intergraph Corporation


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Notes: •

•

•

•

• •

5.

You must set the connection properties for both ends of the member. The properties for the start end are displayed by default in the Connection properties dialog box. After entering the settings for the start end connection, click the end icon and enter the same property values for the end connection. Once you edit the frame connection properties using the connection properties dialog box of the Place Member command, the new property values will be used, by default, the next time you use the same frame connection in the session. The Flush frame connection properties provide you the flexibility to place the brace oriented with flange down and offset from the top surface of the supporting member. When the depth of the supporting member is changed, the position will remain at the stated offset from the surface. Use the Flush frame connection when the horizontal brace is not connected in a corner. For horizontal corner braces, it is better to use a corner brace frame connection so that an assembly connection can be placed that connects the gusset plate to both beams and trims the horizontal brace properly. The current default Catalog does not provide a well-configured horizontal corner brace frame connection. In that case, a vertical corner brace frame connection is placed by rule. You must edit the parameters to position them as required. Your Catalog administrator, however, can add this type of connection to the Catalog. Click the Preview button on the Connection properties dialog box to see the graphic showing the meaning of the properties. Your Catalog administrator can add selection options for frame connections to the Catalog that presets the parameters of the frame connection. For example, you may need to select a frame connection in the Catalog that has already set the settings you entered.

Use SmartSketch to locate the center divisor point on the short beam and the quarter divisor point on the longer beam to get the end result, as shown in Figure 36.

Figure 36: The Placed Horizontal Brace

Note: •

Make sure that Tools > Options > SmartSketch > Divisor Point is set to 4 before performing step 5.

Steps for Placing a Curve Member: Place a curved member by using the Place Curve Member System command in Unit U04. Use the following specifications:



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• • • • •

System: A2 > U04 > Structural >Vertical Braces Type category: Brace Type: Vertical Braces Section name: WT8X22.5 Cardinal point: 10-Centroid

After the curved member is placed, it will look like Figure 37.

Figure 37: The Final Output of Placing a Curved Member

1.

Use the PinPoint command and set the target to the center of the beam supporting the curved member.

2.

Click and hold the Place a Linear Member button on the vertical toolbar and then, click the Place Curve Member System button on the fly-out pallet that appears on the right. Figure 38 shows the command highlighted.

Figure 38: The Place Curved Member System Button

3.

Set the following parameters: • • • • •

4.

System: A2 > U04 > Structural > Vertical Braces Type category: Brace Type: Vertical Braces Section name: WT8X22.5 Cardinal point 10-Centroid

Click the end point of the first column to place the first point, as shown in Figure 39.



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Figure 39: The Start Point of the Curved Member Selected

5.

On the ribbon, select Path Type and select the Arc by 3 Points option, as highlighted in Figure 40.

Figure 40: The Arc By 3 Points Option Highlighted

6.

On the ribbon, select Plane and then select the Elevation Plane East-West option, as highlighted in Figure 41.

Figure 41: The Plane Drop Down List

7.

Place the second point at a point 4 ft above the center of the beam, as shown in Figure 42.

Note: •

Key in 4ft in the El field on the PinPoint ribbon. © Copyright 2007 Intergraph Corporation


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Figure 42: The Second Point of the Arc Selected

8.

Place the third point at the end of the second column.

Figure 43: The Third Point of the Arc Selected

9.

Click the Finish button on the ribbon. The system will now return to the Place Member ribbon.

Figure 44: The Finish Button Highlighted

The output will look like the figure shown below.



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Figure 45: The Curved Member Before the Complete Transaction

10. Click the Finish button to complete the transaction. The curved member will be placed, as displayed in the figure below.

Figure 46: The Curved Member After the Complete Transaction

11. Place a center vertical brace and two vertical braces from the center beam to the quarter-points along the curved member. Use SmartSketch divisor (4) to get the correct quarter-points, as shown in the figure below:



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Figure 47: The Other Vertical Braces in the Truss

Your view should now resemble the following graphic:

Figure 48: The Placed Curved Member

12. Repeat steps 1-11 to place curved member and vertical braces on north side. For more information related to placing columns, refer to Working with Members: An Overview topic of the user guide StructureUsersGuide.pdf. For more information related to placing linear and curved members, refer to the Working with Members:

An Overview topic of the user guide StructureUsersGuide.pdf.



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SP3D Structure Tutorial: Manipulating Structural Members

Session 6: Manipulating Structural Members Objective: By the end of this session, you will be able to: • Edit, move, copy, and paste structural members.


SP3D Overview SP3D Common Sessions Structure: An Overview Placing Members in a Structure

Overview: You now know how to place a member. While placing a member, you may have created frame connections to other members, surfaces, or grid lines. These connections influence the behavior of members when you edit, move, copy, or paste them. This session helps you understand how to recognize and use these relationships to get the required editing results. You can see the connections a member system has to other objects by setting the Select command filter to Member Systems and then selecting a member system. The member system you select will appear in the chosen color and all the objects connected to it by frame connections will be highlighted in yellow. You can also select a member system and click the Edit > Properties command to view the Properties dialog box. Click the Relationships tab in the Properties dialog box to view the relationships that the selected member system has with the other objects.

Steps for Copying and Pasting Members: Define your workspace to include Unit U02 and coordinate system U02 CS. Unit U02 has only grid lines. You will use the Place Linear Member System command and the copy-paste feature to place columns and beams in Unit U02. After placing beams and columns, the view of your model should resemble Figure 1.



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Figure 1: Final Output-Placed Beams and Columns

1.

Define your workspace to include A2 > U02 and the coordinate system U02 CS.

2.

Click the Tasks > Structure command, if not already in the Structure task, and set the Active Permission Group to Structural.

3.

Use the Place Linear Member command and the following properties to place a column with the first end at the grid intersections elevation 2 ft 1 in and the second end at the grid intersections elevation 30 ft 0 in: Connection: By Rule System: A2 > U02 > Structural > Columns Type category: Column Type: Column Section name: W14x53 Cardinal point: 5 Angle: 0 deg Material: Steel- Carbon Grade: A36

4.

Place one more column at the north edge of the grid.



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Figure 3: Placed Columns

5.

Use the Place Linear Member command and the following properties to place two beams at elevations 18 ft and 30 ft. Connection: By Rule System: A2 > U02 > Structural > Beams Type category: Beam Type: Beam Section name: W16X67 Cardinal point: 8 Material: Steel- Carbon Grade: A36

The view of your model after placing the beams should resemble Figure 4.

Figure 4: Placed Columns and Beams © Copyright 2007 Intergraph Corporation


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6.

Select all the members you have just placed. Click the Copy command on the Common toolbar. You can also press CTRL+C keys on the keyboard or select the Copy command on the right-click shortcut menu. Clicking Copy copies all the selected members to the clipboard.

Figure 5: Shortcut Menu

7.

The system will prompt you to select a reference point for the objects being copied. When you paste objects at a point, the copied objects are positioned relative to this point, but the final position of the member is then computed based on the positioning relationships that control the member position. This example will illustrate this idea. In this case, click and select the end of the column as the reference point.

8.

Press the CTRL+V keys on the keyboard, select the Edit > Paste command, or click the Paste command on the Common toolbar to paste the selected members from the clipboard.



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Figure 6: Edit > Paste Command

9.

The Paste dialog box appears. The Paste dialog box shows relationships that can be established between the objects you are pasting and the objects that exist in the model. These are the relationships that existed between the objects you copied and design objects that were not in your copy set. There are two categories of such relationships, those required by the objects you are pasting and those that are optional. The system parent is an example of a required relationship. All design objects must have a system parent. The frame connections are an example of optional relationships. A member can exist without a frame connection relationship.

Behavior of the Options in the Paste Dialog Box: •

•

•

•

•

• •

If all design objects that you copied had relationships to one object that you did not copy, then the Paste dialog box will list this relationship only once. All pasted objects will have relationships to the same object as they originally did. If you paste the objects into the same model they were copied from, the Paste dialog box will offer the original objects as the default inputs for the relationships created on pasting the objects. You can keep the default setting or select a row and identify a different object. When you select a row, the original parent object is highlighted so that you can graphically see what type of input is needed in the context of the objects you copied. Selecting the Show Clipboard window option will display a window that shows the copied graphics and the related objects that were not copied. This will help you understand the graphic object that is needed when you paste the copied objects into a different model. In this example, you will not need the clipboard window because you will see the original related objects highlight when you pick a row in the Paste dialog box. Selecting the Keep original permission groups option will assign objects created by the paste function to the permission group of the corresponding original object. This is called mapping permission group by name. However, if the person pasting the objects does not have Write access to that permission group, then the object will be assigned to the active permission group. If the Keep original permission groups option is not checked, all newly created objects will be assigned to the active permission group. Selecting the Paste in place option will paste the copied objects at exactly the same position as the original objects. This option is used most often when users paste objects in a different model from the original. If you are not using the Paste in place option, the system will prompt you to enter the Paste to point. The Paste command places objects at their original position or at the points you indicate. Then, the system recalculates the position of the pasted objects using the relationships you have established. This recalculation can change the size and position of the newly created objects based on the data from related objects you selected in the Paste dialog box. In this example, it does not matter where you click for the Paste from and Paste to points because the position of the members are fully controlled by relationships to the grid lines.

In this example, some of the copied members have frame connections involving Grid Lines that were not copied. Use the Paste dialog box to select new Grid Lines to define the new position of the members. © Copyright 2007 Intergraph Corporation


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Use the arrow keys to move the selection in the Paste dialog to the first grid line input. You can also click on the Description field to select the row. You see that the grid line located at –5 ft Easting and 30 ft elevation is highlighted in yellow (refer to Figure 7). Select the new input grid line located at Easting of 20 ft and Elevation of 30 ft in the graphic view. This grid line is highlighted in red in Figure 7.

Figure 7: Select New Grid Line Input

The grid line inputs associated with the Northing grid planes will remain unchanged. An example is shown in Figure 8.

Figure 8: Keep the Northing Grid Line Inputs

Use the arrow keys to move down and highlight the input grid line indicated in yellow. Select the new input located at Easting of 20 ft and Elevation of 18 ft. This © Copyright 2007 Intergraph Corporation


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grid line is highlighted in red in Figure 9.

Figure 9: Select New Grid Line Input

Keep all other default inputs. 10. Click OK in the Paste dialog box and then click any point in the space to paste the copied objects. In this case, you can click anywhere in the space to define the Paste to point because the location of the members is controlled by the reference planes. After pasting the selected members, the view of your model should resemble Figure 10.

Figure 10: View of the Model After Placing Second Set of Columns and Beams

11. Now, paste again to place the copied members at east plane location 40ft 0in. After pasting the selected members, the view of your model should resemble Figure 11.



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Figure 11: View of the Model After Placing Third Set of Columns and Beams

Place the other members in Unit U02 using the By Rule frame connection option and using copy and paste such that the model resembles Figure 12.

Figure 12: View of the Model After Placing All Objects

Tip: •

Place the members of just one bay and use copy and paste to model the other three.



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Steps for Moving a Member: Move a beam to a distance of 1 foot to the left in Unit U02. 1.

Define your workspace to include Unit U02 and coordinate system U02 CS.

2.

Click the Tools >Pinpoint command, if PinPoint is not active and turn on the Relative Tracking mode.

3.


4.

Select the Structure option in the Locate Filter drop-down list.

5.

Select the member that you want to move.

Figure 13: Selected Member to be Moved

6.

Click the Move button on the Common toolbar.

Figure 14: Move Button on the Common Toolbar

7.

Click the point from where you want to move the beam. The point could be on any beam perpendicular to beam to be moved. When you move the cursor, you will see a red box showing the range of the objects you are moving.

Tips: •

The frame connections maintain your original intent for positioning design when you move a member. The software will calculate the new final position of the member based on the new position point you enter and the positioning relationships you have defined. For example, if a member has axis-along frame connections, the position point you enter sets a new position along the axis. The member will not move away from its supporting members. You will be able to © Copyright 2007 Intergraph Corporation


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•

8.

understand this concept better after some experimentation. To move an object a known distance from where it is, activate PinPoint and then select the Relative Tracking option on the PinPoint ribbon. Now, when you click the Move From point, the PinPoint target will be reset to that point. You can then enter the delta distance you want to move on the PinPoint ribbon.

In this case, since you know the member is constrained to move only along E/W axis by the frame connections, press F6, type 1 ft, and then click anywhere in the graphic view.

Tip: •

You can release all constraints by deleting the frame connections. Alternatively, you can copy and paste a member and then select the option to delete the optional relationships in the Paste dialog box when you paste the member.

Modifying Member Properties: You can modify the properties of member systems or member parts, as required. To modify the properties of a member system, perform the following steps: 1.



2.

Select the Member Systems option in the Locate Filter drop-down list.

3.

Right-click the member system for which you want to change the properties and then select the Properties command.



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Figure 17: Properties Command on the Right-Click Menu

You can also click the Properties button on the Common toolbar or click the Edit > Properties command to view the properties. The Member System Prismatic Properties dialog box has the following tabs: •

Member System: The Member System tab displays the properties of the member system. The property name is displayed on the left and the value of the property on the right side.

Figure 18: Member System Prismatic Properties Dialog Box-Member System Tab

•

Relationship: The Relationship tab displays the objects related to the object for which you are viewing the properties. The dialog box indicates the type of relationship the object has, for example, the system parent or a supporting member. You can click the Go To button on the Relationship tab to select the related object. After the related object is selected, its properties are displayed in the Property dialog box. You can also graphically select a different object while the Property dialog box is displayed to see the properties of that object.



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Figure 19: Member System Prismatic Properties Dialog Box-Relationship Tab

•

Configuration: The Configuration tab displays information about the creation, modification, and status of an object.

Figure 20: Member System Prismatic Properties Dialog Box-Configuration Tab

•

Notes: You can use the Notes tab to create and edit special instructions about the design object. Your administrator can configure Drawings to automatically create labels with the text from a note.



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Figure 21: Member System Prismatic Properties Dialog Box-Notes Tab

For more information related to manipulation of members or member systems, refer to the following topics in the user guide StructureUsersGuide.pdf: • Copy Framing Members • Move a Member • Edit Member System Properties • Edit Member Part Properties



Page 13 of 13

SP3D Structure Tutorial: Productivity Commands

SP3D Structure Session 7: Productivity Commands Objective: By the end of this session, you will be able to: •

Place multiple members simultaneously using the Productivity commands.


SP3D Overview SP3D Common sessions Structure: An Overview Placing Members in a Structure

Overview: In addition to the Place Linear Member System and Place Curve Member System commands, the Structure task provides commands that you can use to place multiple members in a single operation. These commands are: • • • •

Place Columns at Grid Intersections command: Places columns at each grid intersection within a fence-selected area in a single operation. Place Bracing command: Places cross braces and chevron braces between supporting members by selecting only the supporting members. Place Framing Members command: Places multiple framing members between two beams. Place Vessel Supports command: Places four support members around a vertical cylindrical vessel with a user-defined offset from the surface of the vessel.

Steps for Placing Columns at Grid Intersections: The Place Columns at Grid Intersections command enables you to place columns at selected grid plane intersections on two elevations in a single operation. Place columns at grid intersections in Area A2 > Unit U03. After the columns are placed between all grid intersections on two elevations, the view will be similar to that shown in Figure 1.



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Figure 1: Output - Columns at Grid Intersections

Before starting the procedure for placing columns at grid intersection points: • Define your workspace to include A2 > U03 and the coordinate system U03 CS. • Click the Tasks > Structure command, if not already in Structure task and set the Active Permission Group to Structural. 1.

Click the Place Linear Member System button on the vertical toolbar and then, select the Place Columns at Grid Intersections command.

2.

On the ribbon that appears, specify the following parameters, as shown in Figure 2. • • • • •

System: A2 > U03 > Structural > Columns Type Category: Column Type: Column Section Name: W14X43 Cardinal Point: 5-Center

Figure 2: Place Columns at Grid Intersections Ribbon

3.

To place columns between elevation planes, select the El 0 ft and El 44 ft elevation planes in the Workspace Explorer for U03 CS. Figure 3 shows the selected elevation planes.



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Figure 3: Selection of Elevation Planes

4.

Click and drag the mouse pointer to draw a fence around the grid intersections, as shown in Figure 4. You can use the Plan view to get a better view of the grid intersections.

Figure 4: The Selected Area of Grid Intersections

5.

Click the Finish button on the Place Linear Member System ribbon to place the columns.

Figure 5: Finish Button © Copyright 2007 Intergraph Corporation


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The output will look like that shown in Figure 6.

Figure 6: The Placed Columns at the Grid Intersections

Placing Beams on the First Floor: Place beams on the first floor of the building in Area A2, Unit U03. Refer to the floor plan shown in Figure 7 for details on beam locations and sizes.

Figure 7: First Floor Plan (Elevation 18 ft)



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Steps: 1.

Use the Place Linear Member button on the vertical toolbar to place all the beams.

2.

On the Place Linear Member ribbon, specify the following parameters: • System: A2 > U03 > Structural > Beams • Type Category: Beam • Type: Beam • Section Name: Refer to Figure 7 • Cardinal Point: 8-Top Center

Placing Beams on the Second Floor: Place beams on the second floor of the building in Area A2, Unit U03. Refer to the floor plan shown in Figure 8 for details on beam locations and sizes.

Figure 8: Second Floor Plan (Elevation 31 ft)

Steps: 1.

Use the Place Linear Member button on the vertical toolbar to place all the beams.

2.

On the Place Linear Member ribbon, specify the following parameters: • • • • •

System: A2 > U03 > Structural > Beams Type Category: Beam Type: Beam Section Name: Refer to Figure 8 Cardinal Point: 8-Top Center © Copyright 2007 Intergraph Corporation


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Placing Horizontal Bracing in East Bay: Place horizontal braces in the east bay (grid line C-D and 1-2 in Figure 8), as shown in Figure 9.

Figure 9: Horizontal Bracing in East Bay

Steps: 1.

Use the Place Linear Member button on the vertical toolbar to place the horizontal braces.

2.

On the Place Linear Member ribbon, specify the following parameters: • • • • •

System: A2 > U03 > Structural > Horizontal Braces Type Category: Beam Type: Beam Section Name: W18X35 Cardinal Point: 8-Top Center

3.

Click the Tools > PinPoint command and set target to the bottom of the column, as shown in Figure 9. Use the East values of 2 ft 6 in and 4 ft to locate the start point for placing braces on the first floor.

4.

Use the Elevation value of 8 ft 9 in to start placing the intermediate level bracing. Use the reference of the brace placed and the midpoint to place the other beams.

Steps for Placing Vertical Cross Braces: You use the Place Bracing command to place vertical cross braces between columns. You must select two co-planar columns to define the location for the cross bracing. The columns do not need to be of the same length; also, they need not have the same start or end elevations. The command automatically detects if there are beams connecting the two columns. If you select one connecting © Copyright 2007 Intergraph Corporation


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beam, the vertical cross braces run from the beam intersections to the bottom of the columns. If two connecting beams are selected, the braces run between the beams, starting from the intersections of the beams with the columns. At the intersection of the selected beams and columns, the Vertical Corner Brace frame connection is used. When no connecting beam is selected, then the Axis-Along frame connection is used at the end of the columns. Cross brace members are placed so that the starting end of the member is at the lower elevation. Place vertical cross braces in Area A2 > Unit U03 as per the following specifications: • Bracing Type: Cross • Connection: By Rule • System: A2 > U03 > Structural > Vertical Brace • Type category: Brace • Type: Vertical Brace • Section name: 2L4X4X1/2 • Cardinal point: 5-Center After you complete placing the vertical cross braces, your model will look similar to Figure 10.

Figure 10: Output - Vertical Cross Brace

1.

Click and hold the Place Linear Member System button until the fly-out pallet of productivity commands appear and then select the Place Bracing command.

2.

On the Place Bracing ribbon, set the following parameters to the values shown in Figure 11: • Bracing Type: Cross • Connection: By Rule • System: A2 > U03 > Structural > Vertical Brace • Type category: Brace • Type: Vertical Brace • Section name: 2L4X4X1/2 • Cardinal point: 5 Center

Figure 11: Required Parameters Selected on the Ribbon © Copyright 2007 Intergraph Corporation


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3.

Click to select the first and second columns and the beam between which the braces are to be placed. All these members will be highlighted, as shown in Figure 12.

Figure 12: The Selected Supporting Members of the Vertical Brace

4.

Click the Finish button to place the braces.

Figure 13: Finish Button

5.

Place one more set of cross bracing on the north side of the building.

Steps for Placing Vertical Chevron Braces: You use the Place Bracing command to place vertical chevron braces between columns and beams. You must select two co-planar columns and at least one connecting beam to define the location for placing chevron braces. The columns do not need to be of the same length; also, they need not have the same start or end elevations. When a connecting beam is selected, the braces are placed from the bottom of the columns to the connecting beam. When two connecting beams are selected, the braces are placed between the connecting beams. At the intersection of the selected beams and columns, the Vertical Corner Brace frame connection is used. When no connecting beam is selected for the bottom, the AxisAlong frame connection is used at the end of the columns. Place vertical Chevron braces in Area A2 > Unit U02 as per the following specifications: Bracing Type: Chevron Connection: By Rule System: A2 > U02 > Structural > Vertical Braces Type category: Brace Type: Brace Section name: L4X4X1/4 Cardinal point: 5-Center



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After you place the Vertical Chevron braces, your model will look like that shown in Figure 14:

Figure 14: Output - Chevron Braces

1.

Define your workspace to include A2 > U02 and coordinate system U02 CS.

2.

Click the Place Linear Member System button on the vertical toolbar and then, select the Place Bracing command.

3.

Set the following parameters on the Place Bracing ribbon: Bracing Type: Chevron Connection: By Rule System: A2 > U02 > Structural > Vertical Braces Type category: Brace Type: Brace Section name: L4X4X1/4 Cardinal point: 5-Center

Figure 15: The Chevron Brace Option Selected on the Ribbon

4.

Click to select the first and second columns and the beam between which the brace is to be placed. All selected members will be highlighted, as shown in Figure 16.



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Figure 16: Highlighted Supporting Members for the Chevron Brace

5.

Click the Finish button to place the braces.


6.

Place braces on the three remaining bays in the E-W direction.

Steps for Placing Framing Members: You place secondary framing members between two main supporting members. This task involves specifying the number of secondary framing members that are to be placed between the supporting framing members. For example, you place secondary framing members to support a floor. For framing members to be placed between them, the two main supporting members need not be coplanar, of equal length, or even of the same member type. Although the supporting members are created together, you can edit or delete the framing members separately after they are placed. Place beams as framing members in Area A2 > Unit U02 as per the following specifications: Placement: By Count Count: 3 Connection: By Rule System: A2 > U02 > Structural > Horizontal Braces Type Category: Beam Type: Beam Section Name: C10x15.3 Cardinal point: 8-Top Center Offset: 0 Position: Perpendicular After you place the framing members, they will look similar to the highlighted objects shown in Figure 18.



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Figure 18: Output - Framing Members

1.

Click the Place Linear Member System button on the vertical toolbar and then, select the Place Framing Members command. On the Place Framing Members ribbon, the Placement drop-down list provides various methods of positioning framing members: • • •

•

By Count: Places the selected number of members equally spaced along the length of the first selected member. Equal Spacing: Places the required number of framing members to yield spacing equal to or less than (closest to) the maximum spacing value. Best Fit: Places multiple framing members based on the length of the supporting members and the value specified in the Maximum Spacing box. The software places all framing members with spacing equal to the Maximum Spacing value specified, except for the first and the last The spacing for the first and last framing member is automatically determined by the software. Number and Spacing: Places the selected number of members at the defined spacing, starting at the start point of the first supporting member.

In all the above placement options, you can offset the framing members normal to the axis of the supporting members by entering an offset value in the Offset field. This offset value applies to the frame connection. 2.

In the Placement drop-down list on the Place Framing Members ribbon, select the By Count option.

Figure 19: By Count Option Selected in the Placement Drop Down List © Copyright 2007 Intergraph Corporation


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3.

In the Count box, type 3, the number of framing members to be placed.

Figure 20: Count Box

4.

In the Type category drop-down list, select the Beam option.

5.

In the Type drop-down list, select the Beam option.

Figure 21: Beam Option Selected in the Type Drop-Down List

6.

Set the Section Name, Cardinal Point, and Offset options to C10X15.3, 8, and 0, respectively.

Figure 22: The Section Name, Cardinal Point, and Offset Options Selected

7.

Click to select the first and the center (along the second grid) supporting members supporting members between which the framing members are to be placed. The supporting members will be highlighted, as shown in Figure 23.

Figure 23: The Selected Support Members Highlighted

8.

Click the Finish button on the Place Framing Members ribbon.


7.

Repeat steps to place framing members in the second bay.



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Steps for Placing Vessel Supports: Using the Place Vessels Supports command, you create structural members that support vertical vessels or the grating around the vessel. This command considers parameters such as the vessel diameter and clearance, the bolt circle diameter, the cross section type, and the gauge to determine member positions. The command accommodates various conditions, such as the equipment not centered in the main framing, and displays appropriate messages if the framing is not feasible. This command is currently limited to configurations where the lugs are positioned North, South, East, and West, or at 45 degrees to these axes.

Notes: • •

The Place Vessel Supports command only supports W, M, HP, S, C, and MC structural cross-sections. You can also place vessel supports with 45- Degree Lug orientation. This task involves placing the lugs onto the equipment first and then placing supports for them.

Placing Vessel Supports with 0-Degree Lug Orientation: Place horizontal braces as supports for a vessel in Unit U03 of Area A2 and according to the following specifications: Lug Orientation: 0 Degrees Connection: By Rule System: A2->U03 -> Structural -> Vertical Braces Section Name: W8X21 Cardinal point: 10-Centroid Material: Steel-Carbon Grade: A36 When you complete the task of placing vessel supports in your structure, the view should look like that shown in Figure 25.

Figure 25: Output - Equipment with Vessel Supports

1.

Define your workspace to include A2 > U03 and the coordinate system U03 CS.

2.

Activate the Tools > PinPoint command. Make sure the active coordinate system is set to Global and the target is set to origin.



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3.

Click the Edit > Paste from Catalog command to place the vessel.

4.

Select Vertical Drum under the Modules > Equipment > Mixing Tank folder as shown in Figure 26 and click OK.

Figure 26: Paste from Catalog > Modules Dialog Box

5.

Key in Easting 0 ft, Northing 0 ft, and Elevation 0 ft on the PinPoint ribbon.

6.

Click in the graphic view to place the equipment.

7.

Use the Clip by Object and Clip by Volume commands to adjust the view so that the vessel and beams around the vessel are visible.

8.

Click the Place Vessel Supports button on the vertical toolbar, as highlighted in Figure 27. If you are using a new session file, the command will prompt to select the section size. Select the W8X21 section.

Figure 27: Place Vessel Supports Button

9.

Select the vessel around which you need to place the supports, as shown in Figure 28.



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Figure 28: The Selected Vessel to be Supported

Make sure that you select the shape that makes the equipment instead of the design equipment that represents the entire equipment. It is easier to select the shape from the Workspace Explorer as shown in Figure 29. Note that the vessel diameter (18 ft) is automatically filled in by the software.

Figure 29: Selecting Equipment Shape for Placing the Vessel Support

10. Set the lug orientation to 0 Degrees.

Figure 30: 0 Degrees Lug Orientation

11. Key in 0 ft as the clearance between the side of the vessel and the support members being placed. Select Horizontal Braces in the System field.

Figure 31: Desired Clearance Value Selected

12. Specify the following values for the Type, Section name and Cardinal point fields for the support members as shown in Figure 32.

Figure 32: The Type, Category and Section Name Selected © Copyright 2007 Intergraph Corporation


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13. Click to select the four main support members.

Figure 33: The Selected Support Members

14. Click the Finish button on the Place vessel supports ribbon to complete placing the supports.

Figure 34: The Finish Button Highlighted

The vessel supports will be placed. 15. Clear view clipping using View > Clear Clipping. For more information related to members, refer to the Working with topic of the user guide StructureUsersGuide.pdf.

Members: An Overview

For more information about frame connections, refer to the Understanding

Framing

Connections: An Overview topic of the user guide.



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SP3D Structure Tutorial: Placing Splits

SP3D Structure Session 8: Placing Splits Objective: By the end of this session, you will be able to: •

Place splits in a structure by using the Place Split command.



Overview: As described in the Structure: An Overview session, the structure member creation commands—place member and framing productivity commands—create a member system with a single member part. The Place Split command divides a member system into multiple member parts by using another object, such as another member system, a grid plane, or an elevation plane. Figures 1 - 3 show samples of splits placed in beams by using this command. The member system keeps all the member parts oriented along an axis. You can edit the properties of individual member parts. For example, you can edit the cardinal point, section size, material, and other properties, except the logical axis. A split is useful for grating design and complex offshore platform leg constructions. In Figure 1, the placement of a member system created a member part. The cylinders at the end of the member system are graphical handles for frame connections.

Figure 1: Member System and a Member Part

Using the Place Split command, you can split this single member part into multiple member parts at the intersection with the shorter supports, as shown in Figure 2.



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Figure 2: Member System to Be Split into Multiple Parts

This action results in multiple member parts that share the single axis of the member system, as shown in Figure 3. You can trim the member parts and create detailed information on assembly connection design at the split connections and at the frame connections that are at the end of the member systems.

Figure 3: Multiple Parts of a Single Member System (with Every Other Member Part Selected)

After you have split the member system into parts, you can recombine the parts by deleting the splits between the parts. The position of the recombined part continues to be controlled by the parent member system. The splits can be selected graphically just like frame connections. You can also convert one or more of the member parts that belong to a member system into separate member systems so you can move those parts away from the controlling axis of the original member system. Select the Convert command and then select the parts you want to convert to individual member systems.

Steps for Placing a Split in Crossing Beams: Place splits for the set of floor support beams in Unit U02 of Area A2 as shown in Figure 4.



Page 2 of 6


Figure 4: Output - Placed Splits Highlighted

Before beginning the procedure to place splits: • • 1.

Define your workspace to display A2 > U02 in the Structure task. Make sure that the Active Permission Group is set to Structural.

Click the Place Split button on the vertical toolbar.

Figure 4: Place Split Button

2.

The Place Split ribbon is displayed. Select the set of long horizontal beams for the first set. The long horizontal beam will be highlighted.

3.

Click the Split status drop-down list on the Place Split ribbon as shown in Figure 5.

Figure 5: Split Status Drop Down List Highlighted © Copyright 2007 Intergraph Corporation


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The Split status drop-down list has the following options: o By Rule - This option automatically selects the intersection member system that should be split based on rules. The software checks the Continuity Type and Continuity Priority Number values defined on the Member System properties. Continuity Type is Continuous or Intercostal. Continuity Priority Number is used to select the member system to be split when two member systems with the same Continuity Type intersect. Member systems with a lower continuity priority, such as 1, 2, and 3, split member systems with a higher continuity priority, such as 7, 8, and 9. o Split First - This option places the split on the first set of members that are selected. o Split Second - This option places the split on the second set of members that are selected. o Split Both - This option splits all member systems that you have identified in both the steps. o Split None - This option does not create a split but suppresses the interference between two members that intersect. 4.

Select the Split First option in the Split status drop-down list on the Place Split ribbon.

Figure 6: Split First Option Selected in the Split Status Drop-Down List

5.

Click the Accept button on the Place Split ribbon, as shown in Figure 7.

Figure 7: Accept Button on the Place Split Ribbon

6.

Select the set of short horizontal beams for the second set and click Accept on the ribbon.

7.

Click the Finish button to complete placing the splits.


8.

Repeat workflow to split the framing members on next bay.

Tips: • •

Select a member system and move it. All member parts of the member system will move. Assembly connections can be placed at split connections just as they can be placed at frame connections. © Copyright 2007 Intergraph Corporation


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Steps for Removing a Split: Remove a split from a member system in Unit U02 of Area A2. 1.


2.

Set the Locate Filter to Split Connections.

Figure 9: Split Connections Selected in the Locate Filter Drop-Down List

3.

Select the split to be removed. Figure 10 shows the selected beam with the split that needs to be removed.

Figure 10: Split Located by Locate Filter

4.

Right-click the split and click the Delete command. The split will be removed from the member.

Figure 11: Delete Command

The graphic view after removing the splits should resemble Figure 12 when the member parts are selected.



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Figure 14: Member System Without the Splits

For more information related to splitting members and removing splits, refer to the following topics of the user guide StructureUsersGuide.pdf: • •

Place Split Command Remove a Split



Page 6 of 6

SP3D Structure Tutorial: Manipulating Assembly Connections

Session 9: Manipulating Assembly Connections Objective: By the end of this session, you will be able to: •

Place and manipulate assembly connections in a structure.



Overview: You may have noticed that the members you connected using frame connections often have physical geometry that overlaps. Member geometry is a simple projection of the cross-section of a member along its logical axis. The geometry is the logical connection information needed during the frame design phase. The application of loads and connection end conditions allows structural analysis to be done. Your company may subcontract the structural detailing of the physical connections between the members. However, it is often useful to trim the members to approximate their final length that is required to obtain a closer estimate of material requirements and a more finished model for customer design reviews. You may also wish to show base plates and large gusset plate geometry for the purpose of visualization, interference detection, and drawing generation. Assembly connections create the next level of the design detail. An assembly connection can add or remove material from the member and create additional parts needed for the physical assembly at that joint. It is a design object that controls the creation and placement of other design objects. The connection recalculates automatically (subject to access permissions and status) when you edit the position and/or size of the members. You will typically want to apply the assembly connections later in the design cycle to keep the model lighter during heavy editing. However, assembly connections impact material cut lengths so you must apply them before generating material reports. The default Catalog provides a small set of standard assembly connections for use during the light or approximate detailing stage of the design. The most basic type of assembly connection is the Fitted assembly connection that simply trims. The other types of available assembly connection are described in this session. The assembly connection is designed so that it can be customized and integrated with thirdparty detailing or design products. As these additional libraries are developed, you will be able to extend the model to address the full structural detailing phase. It is anticipated that detailing can yield substantial improvement in the schedule and reduction in the errors introduced by import/export structural detailing workflows. © Copyright 2007 Intergraph Corporation


Page 1 of 10


Types of Assembly Connections: The following assembly connections are provided in the default Catalog and are used to support the level of design detail often generated prior to the final structural connection detailing activity: •

Base Plate: This assembly connection places a plate at the end of a member. It trims the member to account for the thickness of the plate chosen and the angle of the member with the surface. The connection requires an unsupported or surface frame connection on one member. For example, you can place a base plate at the bottom of a column.

Figure 1: Base Plates

•

Corner Gusset Plate: This assembly connection connects a vertical brace to a beam and a column intersection using a gusset plate. It trims the supported member (the brace) to the supporting members and places the gusset plate. The connection requires a frame connection with three members, such as a vertical corner brace.

Figure 2: Corner Gusset Plate

•

Fitted: This assembly connection connects two members and trims the supported member to the supporting member. The connection requires a frame connection with two members, such as axis-along, seated, or flush.

Figure 3: Fitted Assembly Connection



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•

Gusset Plate: This assembly connection connects a vertical or horizontal brace to a beam or a vertical brace to a column using a gusset plate. The connection trims the supported member and requires a frame connection with two members, such as an Axis-Along.

Figure 4: Gusset Plate

•

Miter: This assembly connection connects two members that are end-connected and co-planar. It trims both members with a single cutting plane.

Figure 5: Miter Assembly Connection

•

Splice: This assembly connection connects two members that are collinear and endconnected.

Figure 6: Splice Assembly Connection

Steps for Placing Assembly Connections: Place assembly connections in Units U02 and U03 by using the Place Assembly Connection command. The view of the model after placing the assembly connections in Units U02 should resemble the highlighted sections in Figure 7.



Page 3 of 10


Figure 7: Final Output - Unit U02 Showing the Assembly Connections

Before beginning the procedure for placing assembly connections: • Define your workspace to include the A2 > U02 and CS > U02 CS systems. • On the Common toolbar, click the Fit button to fit the view on the screen and then click the Common Views button and select the Isometric view. • Switch to the Structure task and make sure that the Active Permission Group is set to Structural. 1.

On the vertical toolbar, click the Select button. The Locate Filter ribbon appears. Set Locate Filter to Frame Connections, as shown in Figure 8.

Figure 8: Locate Filter Drop Down List

2.

Select all the frame connections in Unit U02 by using the fence method, as shown in Figure 9.



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Figure 9: Selecting All the Frame Connections

3.

Click the Place Assembly Connection button on the vertical toolbar.

Figure 10: Place Assembly Connection Button

4.

Set the following parameters on the Place Assembly Connection ribbon: © Copyright 2007 Intergraph Corporation


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By Rule: Checked Condition: Retain existing System: A2 > U02 > Structural > Assembly Connections

Figure 11: Place Assembly Connection Ribbon

Notes: •

•

•

•

•

The frame connections that are selected when you start the Place Assembly Connection command will remain selected for the Select smartstep of the Place Assembly Connection command. You can add or remove individual frame connections from the select set while in the Select smartstep of the command. If members are selected when you start the Place Assembly Connection command, the frame at the ends of the selected members will be automatically selected for the Select smartstep of the command. You can then individually deselect these frame connections. The Select smartstep of the Place Assembly Connection command will also allow you to select members. Selecting a member will automatically select the frame connections at each end of the member. You can deselect members that you select while in the select smartstep. Select the By Rule check box if you want the software to automatically select the type of assembly connection that needs to be placed. Clear the By Rule check box to manually select the type of assembly connection. To select a type of assembly connection, you need to click the Type drop-down list, click More.., and select the assembly connection.

5.

Click the Finish button to complete the transaction.

6.

Examine the model and verify that planar cutbacks, base plates, and gusset plates have been created, as shown in Figure 12.



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Figure 12: View of the Model After Placing Assembly Connections

Now, you will place assembly connections in Unit U03. The view of the model after placing the assembly connections in Units U03 should resemble the highlighted sections in Figure 13.



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Figure 13: Final Output - Unit U03 Showing the Assembly Connections

1.

Define your workspace again to include the A2 > U03 and CS > U03 CS systems.

2.

Select all the frame connections in Unit U03 by using the fence method, as shown in Figure 14.



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Figure 14: Selecting All the Frame Connections

3.

Click the Place Assembly Connection button on the vertical toolbar.

4.

Set the following parameters on the Place Assembly Connection ribbon: By Rule: Check Condition: Retain existing System: A2 > U03 > Structural > Assembly Connections

5.

Click the Finish button to complete the transaction.

6.

Examine the model and verify that planar cutbacks and gusset plates have been created.



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Trimming a Member: In some design situations, you may need to trim a member in a unique way that is not currently available with an assembly connection in your Catalog. In normal plant design applications, such occasions should be rare. The command must be used primarily in offshore and ship building applications. The Trim Member command enables you to manually trim member parts based on the surfaces you specify. You can apply the required number of trim operations to a member. You can place a trim and an assembly connection at the same member end. The results of the Trim features and the trimming applied by the assembly connection add and may overlap each other. Both the trim and the assembly connection are displayed in the Workspace Explorer under the member part. You can experiment with this command to see how it works. Pay attention to the Squared End property. If this property is set to True, then the member end is squared. If this property is set to False, then the member end trims exactly to your desired offset from the cutting surface. For more information related to assembly connections and trimming a member, refer to the

Understanding Member Assembly Connections: An Overview topic in the user guide StructureUsersGuide.pdf.



Page 10 of 10

SP3D Structure Tutorial: Fireproofing

Session 10: Fireproofing Objective: By the end of the session, you will be able to: • Place fireproofing on a pre-existing structure. • Place fireproofing on entire structure. • Retain fireproofing


SP3D Overview SP3D Common Sessions Grids: An Overview Structure: An Overview

Overview: The concept of member systems and member parts were explained in the Structure Overview Session. These member systems can be selected and fireproofing can be placed on them. Fireproofing can be defined on setback distances from the member end. Multi-segmented fireproofing can be applied along side a single member or to an entire model in a single operation. Fireproofing can be placed on a pre-existing structure using “By Rule” or through user defined encasement. The command allows fireproofing to be applied on member columns, beams, horizontal braces, vertical braces. The encasements are placed on the members using encasement rules. Fireproofing encasement rules are delivered in the catalog. Mainly two encasement rules, member concrete and member fibrous are delivered. Correct encasement will be applied even if the user defined fireproofing is used. Retain fireproofing option allows the fireproofing to be placed on the new members and retains on the members that already have fireproofing placed on them. One or more of the selected members already has fireproofing on it.


Last Updated: April 4, 2009 for SmartPlant® 3D 2009 SP1

Page 1 of 14


Steps to place fireproofing Fireproofing can be placed on the pre-existing members. The fireproofing can be seen in the workspace when the insulation is selected along with the Simple Physical in the rendering tab of the View command. Your view should resemble the following graphic as shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1: View options Note: •

Fireproofing will be placed but it will not be visible in the workspace if the setting as shown above is not applied.

1.

Open a session file.

2.

Define your workspace to include the A2 U02 and CS U02 CS system.

3.

Set your active permissions to “Structural”.

4.

Switch the task to Structure.

5.

Click the

Place Fireproofing command on the vertical toolbar as shown in Figure 2.



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Figure 2: SP3D Structure toolbar

The fireproofing toolbar appears on the top as shown in Figure 3.

Figure 3: Fireproofing toolbar Notes: •

• •

In the condition box, there are two options Add and Retain. When fireproofing is applied initially to the member choose Add. “By Rule” will apply column encasement to column, beam encasement to beam and brace encasement to brace. Insulation spec box will provide the option choose spray or concentrate insulation. Reference 1 and Reference 2 will allow choosing the Part Start, Part End, Axis Start and Axis End. The user can set the distance in the Distance 1 and Distance 2 box when the by rule option is unchecked. These distance values are instrumental in applying multiple fireproofing on a single member.



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6.

Select the members as shown in the Figure 4.

Figure 4: Members selected for fireproofing 7. 8.

Select the “Conc_1hr” from the drop down list in the “Insulation_Spec”. Hit “Finish” in the fireproofing toolbar. Your view should resemble the as shown in Figure 5.



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Figure 5: Fireproofing placed on Column, Beam and Brace 9. Select the Place Fireproofing command and uncheck the “By Rule” option. 10. Click on the drop down list in the encasement menu. Go to More… Select Encasement window will appear. Your view should resemble the following graphic as shown in Figure 6.



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Figure 6: Select encasement 11. Select the “Beam_Contour_Exposed_All_Conc” Hit OK. 12. Select “Part Start” in Reference 1. 13. Enter “0” as Distance 1. 14. Select “Part End” in Reference 2. 15. Enter “1 ft” as Distance 2. This is the setback distance. This will not allow fireproofing to be applied on the beam at a distance of 1 ft from the Part End. 16. Select the Beam as shown in Figure 7,



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Figure 7: Select the beam for Fireproofing 17. Hit Finish and then hit Cancel. Fireproofing has been applied to the beam and your view should resemble as shown in Figure 8.

Figure 8: Fireproofing applied to the beam 18. Select the Place Fireproofing command. Uncheck the “By Rule” option. 19. Select the Column, Beam and Brace as shown in Figure 9.



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Figure 9: Selection of members 20. Select the encasement box and go to More. Select encasement window will be shown. Select “Beam_Block_Encased_All_Conc”. Hit OK. 21. Hit Finish. Warning will be shown as in Figure 10.



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Figure 10: Warning display 22. Hit Ok. Fireproofing is applied only to the beam and the selection is not lost. 23. Similarly, select “Column_Block_Encased_All_Conc”, warning message be shown. Hit OK. Hit Finish. 24. Fireproofing will be applied to Column only. 25. Repeat the same steps above and select “Brace_Block_Encased_All_Conc” for the brace. 26. Change the locate filter to insulation. 27. Select the insulation as shown in Figure 11.

Figure 11: Select the insulation 28. Change the setback distance to 15ft and hit OK.



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29. Your view should resemble the following graphic as shown in Figure 12.

Figure 12: Setback distance applied to Fireproofing 30. Place Fireproofing command. 31. Change the Insulation Spec to Spray_2hr. 32. Go to More in the encasement menu. Select Column_Contour_Encasement_All_Fibr. Your view should resemble the following graphic as shown in Figure 13.



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Figure 13: Select Encasement 33. Hit OK. 34. Select “Part Start” in Reference 1. 35. Enter “15 ft” as Distance 1. 36. Select “Part End” in Reference 2. 37. Enter “3 ft” as Distance 2.

38. Hit the Accept button and hit Finish. Your view should resemble the following graphic.



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Figure 14: Multiple fireproofing on a single member. 39. Hit Cancel. 40. Select the Place Fireproofing command. 41. Select beams as shown in Figure 15.

Figure 15: Select members 42. Change the Condition to “Retain” in the toolbar. © Copyright 2009 Intergraph Corporation


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43. Select the Insulation Spec as Conc_1hr. 44. Select “By Rule”. 45. Hit Finish. Warning will be shown. Hit OK. Hit Cancel. Fireproofing is retained on the existing beam and fireproofing is applied on the other two beams. Your view should resemble the following graphic.

Figure 16: Fireproofing applied to the beams. 46. Re-define your workspace to include the A2 U03 and CS U03 CS system. 47. Set the locate filter to “Structural”. 48. 49. 50. 51.

Fence select the entire structure. Select the condition as “Add” in the toolbar. Select the insulation Spec as “Conc_1hr”. Select by Rule. © Copyright 2009 Intergraph Corporation


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52. Hit Finish. Hit OK and Hit Cancel. Fire proofing is applied to the entire structure.



Page 14 of 14

SP3D Structure Tutorial: Placing Slabs

Session 11: Placing Slabs Objective: By the end of this session, you will be able to: •

Place a slab by using the most common methods to define its plane and boundary.


SP3D Overview SP3D Common Sessions Structure: An Overview

Overview: The Place Slab command is really a misnomer. You can use the Place Slab command to model any type of planar, constant-thickness solid object such as actual floor slabs, steel grating, steel plate, and roofing. The slab properties define the type of solid object that you place by using the Place Slab command. The properties are used in your material reports. Your Catalog administrator can define the different types of slabs available for placement including specific properties associated with those types. Placing a slab involves two steps: 1. 2.

Defining a plane for the slab relative to other objects in the model. Defining the boundary of the slab with optional relationships to other objects in the model.

The methods of defining the location of the slab plane are: •

Coincident: Defines a plane coincident to another plane. Use this method when you want the slab to remain coincident with another plane. For example, you can use this method to place a slab to remain coincident with an elevation plane of your grid system.

•

Offset from Plane: Defines a plane at a specified offset distance from another plane. Use this method when you want the slab to remain at a given offset from another plane. For example, you can use this method to place a slab to remain 4 ft above the second storey elevation plane.

•

Angle to Plane: Defines a plane at a specified angle or slope to another plane. Use this method when you need to place a sloped slab. For example, you can use this method to place a sloped slab with reference to the ground elevation plane and at any elevation.

•

Vector & Point: Defines a plane by using two points to define the normal vector for the plane and a third point to define the plane position along the vector. Use this method when you need to orient the surface normal to a vector you know. This is useful in cases where you use the Place Slab command to model complex steel plate structures.



Page 1 of 28


•

3 Points Plane: Defines a plane using three points. Use this method when you just want to position the slab at a specific location in space or relative to specific points along existing design objects.

Figure 1: Methods of Defining the Location of the Slab Plane

All of these plane creation methods create persistent relationships to the existing planes or keypoints that you identify when you define the plane. If the related design object changes, your slab position will change. Or, if you attempt to move the slab, the movement will be restricted by the relationships you have defined. For example, if you have created a slab coincident with the ground elevation plane of your Grid system, you can move the slab in the horizontal plane but cannot change the slab elevation. You can change the referenced parent plane by selecting the Define Plane smartstep on the slab Edit ribbon and selecting a different plane. If no associative points were created when you defined the three-point plane, you can move the slab to exactly where you want it. If associative points were established, you cannot move the plane location. You can work around this problem by using the Copy and Paste options. Copy the slab and then paste it. In the Paste dialog box, select the Delete Optional option. This eliminates the associative point relationships and allows you to position the slab anywhere you want. You can then delete the original slab. To define the boundaries of a slab, you can: • •

Select boundary objects in the structure such as grid lines, members, the edges of members, the edges of equipment, the faces of other slabs, and other objects in a model. Sketch boundaries by using the 2D or 3D sketching options.

The following illustrates the effect of the indicated slab properties on the construction of the slab.



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Figure 2: Effect of the Indicated Slab Properties on the Construction of a Slab

This session will cover the definition of the slab position by using the Coincident and 3 Points Plane methods. It will also cover the definition of boundaries by selecting boundary objects and by using the 2D and 3D sketching options.

Steps for Placing a Slab by Selecting Boundary Objects: Place a slab on the first floor of Unit U03 by using the Coincident plane method and selecting boundary objects. The view of your model after placing the slab should resemble Figure 3.

Figure 3: Final Output - Placed Slab

1.

Define your workspace to include Unit U03 and coordinate system U03 CS.



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Note: •

Before beginning the steps to place slabs, ensure that Structural is selected in the Active Permission Group drop-down list.

Figure 4: Active Permission Group Selected as Structural

2.

Use the Clip by Object and Clip by Volume commands to clip the part of the model where you want to place a slab, as shown in Figure 5.

Figure 5: Clipped Part of the Model

3.

Click the Place Slab button on the vertical toolbar.



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Figure 6: Place Slab Button on the Vertical Toolbar

4.

The Place Slab ribbon appears. On the ribbon, set the slab placement properties as follows: • • • • •

Plane Method: Coincident System: A2 > U03 > Structural > Slabs Type: 4” Elevated Slab - Composite Composition: 4”_Slab, 1.5VL22 Face Position: Bottom

Figure 7: The Place Slab Ribbon

5.

In the Workspace Explorer, expand CS > U03 CS > El Axis, select 18 ft 0 in as the elevation plane for the support plane, and then click the Accept button on the ribbon.



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Figure 8: Selected Elevation Plane in the Workspace Explorer

6.

The system will now prompt you to select the boundaries to place the slab. In the graphic view, select the boundaries of the slab, as shown in Figure 9, and click the Accept button on the ribbon.



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Figure 9: Selected Boundaries to Place the Slab

7.

At this point, the system will note that there are ambiguous boundaries defined and multiple solutions to creating slabs exist.

Figure 10: System Message

Move the cursor over the areas where you want to place the slab. Continue expanding area of the slab by clicking in the bounded areas. As you move the cursor, various areas will get highlighted. Click on each highlighted area to add that area to the slab. The area will appear highlighted, as shown in Figure 11.

Figure 11: Bounded Area Selected to Place the Slab



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8.

At this point, the slab is displayed dynamically and is not committed to the database. Watch the status bar message change to Define Boundary Offsets or Finish. Click the Finish button on the ribbon when the entire slab boundary is shown. The view of your model should now resemble Figure 12.

Figure 12: Placed Slab

Now, place a slab on the second floor of the model by using the Coincident plane method and selecting boundary objects. The view of your model after placing the slab should resemble Figure 13.



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9.

Click the Clear View Clipping button to remove the clipping volume and use the Clip by Object and Clip by Volume commands to clip the second floor of the model, as shown in Figure 14.




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11. Click the Place Slab button on the vertical toolbar. 12. The Place Slab ribbon appears. On the ribbon, set the slab placement properties as follows: • • • • •


13. In the Workspace Explorer, select 31ft as the elevation plane for the support plane and click the Accept button on the ribbon. 14. In the graphic view, select the boundaries of the slab, as shown in Figure 15, and click the Accept button on the ribbon.

Figure 15: Selected Boundaries to Place the Slab

15. Click the Finish button on the ribbon. The view of your model should now resemble Figure 16.



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Now, place a slab on the roof by using the Offset from Plane method and selecting boundary objects. The view of your model after placing the slab should resemble Figure 17.


16. Click the Clear View Clipping button to remove clipping volume and use the Clip by Object command to isolate the beams and the columns in the roof deck. 17. Click the Place Slab button on the vertical toolbar. 18. On the Place Slab ribbon, set the slab placement properties as follows: • • • •

System: A2 > U03 > Structural > Slabs Type: Roof Deck Composition: RD_1.5B24 Face Position: Bottom



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19. On the Place Slab ribbon, select Plane Method as Offset from Plane and key in 6 in as the Offset value.

Figure 18: Plane Method and Offset Drop-Down Lists on the Place Slab Ribbon

20. In the Workspace Explorer, select 44 ft as the elevation plane for the support plane and click the Accept button on the ribbon. 21. In the graphic view, select grid lines as the boundaries of the slab and click the Accept button on the ribbon. 22. Click the Define Boundaries Offsets option on the ribbon.

Figure 19: Define Boundaries Offsets Option on the Ribbon

23. The Boundaries Offsets dialog box appears. In the Boundaries Offsets dialog box, set the boundaries offset as follows and click OK: • • • •

Grid Line#1: 1ft 0in Grid Line#2: 2ft 0in Grid Line#3: 1ft 0in Grid Line#4: 2ft 0in

Figure 20: Boundaries Offsets Dialog Box




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Figure 21: Final Output-Placed Slab

Now, place a slab on the far east bay of the model by using the Coincident method and selecting boundary objects. The view of your model after placing the slab should resemble Figure 22.

Figure 22: Output - Placed Slab

25. Click the Clear View Clipping button to remove the clipping volume and use the Clip by Object command to clip the far east bay of the model, as shown in Figure 23.




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26. Click the Place Slab button on the vertical toolbar. 27. The Place Slab ribbon appears. On the ribbon, set the slab placement properties as follows: • • • • •


29. Select the top surface of the beam located at elevation 8 ft 9 in for the support plane and click the Accept button on the ribbon.

Figure 24: Selected Elevation Plane for the Slab

30. In the graphic view, select the boundaries of the slab, as shown in Figure 25, and click the Accept button on the ribbon.



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Figure 25: Selected Boundaries for Placing the Slab





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Steps for Placing a Slab by Using Coincident Plane Method and Drawing 3D Boundaries: Place a slab in Unit U05 by drawing 3D boundaries. The view of your model after placing the slab should resemble Figure 27.


1.

Define your workspace to include Unit U05 and coordinate system U05 CS. In your training plant, select U05 from Plant Filters > Training Filters in the Select Filter dialog box.

2.

Activate the PinPoint ribbon by using the Tools > PinPoint command.

3.

Set the active coordinate system to U05 CS in the Coordinate system drop-down list on the PinPoint ribbon and activate the Reset Target to Origin option.

4.

Click the Place Slab command on the vertical toolbar. The Place Slab ribbon appears.

5.

In the Workspace Explorer, expand Coordinate System CS > U05 CS > EL Axis.

6.

Select EL 0 ft 0.00 in (TOC) in the Workspace Explorer as the elevation plane for the support plane and click the Accept button on the ribbon.

Figure 28: Elevation Planes



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7.

On the ribbon, set the slab placement properties as follows and click OK: • • • • • •

8.

Plane Method: Coincident System: A2 > U05 > Structural > Slabs Type: General_Slab Composition: Imported_Slab Face Position: Bottom Total Thickness: 1 ft

Click the Sketch 3D option on the Place Slab ribbon.

Figure 29: Sketch 3D Option on the Place Slab Ribbon

9.

Sketch the boundaries of the slab as shown in Figure 30. Use the PinPoint ribbon to define the starting point of the sketch path and then use Path Type as Line and Length in the Sketch ribbon to key in the distance values of the path.

Figure 30: Boundaries of the First Slab

10. Repeat steps 4 to 8 and sketch the boundaries of the second slab as shown in Figure 31. Use the PinPoint ribbon to define the starting point of the sketch path and use Path Type as Arc By End Points in the Sketch ribbon to define the arc of the path. Then, use Path Type as Line to complete the sketch.



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Figure 31: Boundaries of the Second Slab

11. Click the Finish button on the Sketch 3D ribbon.

Figure 32: Finish Option on the Ribbon

12. Click the Accept button on the Place Slab ribbon. 13. Click the Finish button on the Place Slab ribbon. The view of your model should now resemble Figure 33.


Tip: •

You can also select a part of the model to form a part of the boundary and sketch the remaining part of the boundary by using 3D sketch.



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Steps for Placing a Slab Using the Angle to Plane Option to Define the Plane: Place a slab in Unit U05 using the angle to plane option and 3D sketch. The view of your model after placing the slab should resemble Figure 34.

Figure 34: Final Output – After Placing the Slab

1.

Define your workspace to include Unit U05 and the coordinate system U05 CS.

2.

Click the Place Slab command on the vertical toolbar.

3.

The Place Slab ribbon appears. On the ribbon, set the slab placement properties as follows: • • • • • • •

Plane Method: Angle to Plane System: A2 > U05 > Structural > Slabs Type: 4 “ Cast in Place Composition: CIP_4”_Fc3 Face Position: Top Slope: 10 % Total Thickness: 1 ft

Figure 35: Place Slab Ribbon

4.

Select the top surface of the slab that you created in the previous exercise.

5.

Select the indicated SmartSketch point on the slab edge as the first point of the rotation axis.



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Figure 36: Start Point of Plane Rotation Axis

6.

Select the indicated SmartSketch point on the slab top edge as the second point of the rotation axis.

Figure 37: End Point of Plane Rotation Axis

On the Place Slab ribbon, make sure that the slope is set to 10%. 7.

Click the Select a Custom Sketching-Projection Plane smartstep on the Place Slab ribbon and select the top plane of the existing slab, as shown in Figure 38.



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Figure 38: Selecting the Top Plane of the Slab

Your slab boundary will be drawn on this sketch plane. If you skip this smartstep, then the sketch plane will be defaulted to the plane of the slab. By selecting the Sketch plane, you can sketch the footprint of the sloped slab in plan, as shown in Figure 38. 8.

The command progresses automatically to the Define Boundaries smartstep. Click the Sketch 3D option on the Place Slab ribbon to sketch the boundary of the slab.

Figure 39: Sketch 3D Option on the Ribbon

9.

Sketch a rectangular boundary of the slab, as shown in Figure 40. Make sure that you select SmartSketch points on the top edge of the existing slab.



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Figure 40: Sketching Boundary of the Slab

10. Click the Finish button on the 3D Sketch ribbon and the Finish button on the Place Slab ribbon to commit the slab to the database.

Figure 41: Output – After Placing the Slab

11. To see how the boundary drawn on the plan plane is projected to the sloped slab plane, perform the following steps: • • •

Click the Select command on the vertical toolbar. Select the sloped slab. Select the Boundary smartstep.

The result should be similar to Figure 42.



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Figure 42: Sloped Slab in Edit Mode with Boundary Smartstep Selected

12. Right-click in the graphic view. Select the elevation view Looking North and zoom in on the edge of the slab.

Figure 43: Edge of the Sloped Slab

13. Edit the trim direction of the sloped slab by selecting Slab Assembly Connections in the Locate Filter drop-down list. Use the Quick Pick tool and select the edge of the sloped slab. 14. Click the Properties button on the ribbon to open the Assembly Connection Properties dialog box. 15. Set Reference Direction to Vertical and click OK to trim the edges.



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Figure 44: Setting the Trim Option for the Slab Edge

The resulting edge is shown in Figure 45. You can see that the edge of the sloped slab is perpendicular to the slab plane.

Figure 45: Slab Edge with Vertical Reference Direction for Trim

For more information related to placing slabs, refer to following topics in the user guide

StructureUsersGuide.pdf: • Place a Slab by Selecting Boundary Objects • Place a Slab by Drawing 2-D Boundaries • Place a Slab by Drawing 3-D Boundaries • Place a Slab by Selecting Objects and Drawing 2-D Boundaries • Place a Slab by Selecting Objects and Drawing 3-D Boundaries



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Steps for Placing multiple Slabs 1. Open or create a session file and define an appropriate filter for your workspace. Your workspace should include the A2 -> U02 and CS -> U02 CS systems and name the filter as U02 & U02 CS. 2. Go to the Structure Task environment. 3. Make sure the Active Permission Group is set to Structural. 4. Your view should resemble the following graphic.

5. Select the Slabs command to place multiple slabs. 6. Set the slab placement parameters as follows: Plane Method: Coincident System: A2-> U02 -> Structural -> Slabs Slab Type: 4” Elevated slab - Composite Composition: 4”_Slab, 1.5VL22 Face Position: Bottom Priority: Primary Boundary Offset Reference: Inner port-face of a bounding member 7.

Select Elevation Plane at 18’- 0” and Elevation Plane 30’ – 0’’ for the support plane. Click “Accept” button.



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8.

Select the boundaries as shown in the figure below. Click “Accept” button.

9.

Hit Finish. Your view should resemble the following graphic.



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SP3D Structure Tutorial: Placing Walls

Session 12: Placing Walls Objective: By the end of this session, you will be able to: •

Place a wall by using the Place Wall command.



Overview: The solid 3D geometry of walls is modeled by defining a path on a plane, the cross-section size, and optionally, selecting the graphic boundaries to trim the top of the wall. You choose the positioning of the cross-section relative to the path by cardinal points defined on the crosssection shape. The wall properties define the layered composition of the wall. A wall system consists of a path (called a wall run), a set of properties defining the wall construction, and a wall part for the entire wall run. The wall part has no current application. The design is done in preparation for the ability to split a wall into multiple parts for detailed panel modeling. This design is similar to the concept of splitting a member system. Since a wall system must have the same thickness along the wall run, you must create separate wall systems to have walls with different thickness properties. You can connect one wall system to another. At the connection point, the wall geometry is automatically trimmed to represent the corner or tee properties. You can also split a wall system into multiple wall systems, if you need to make changes to a portion of the original wall system after initial modeling. The Catalog contains the wall cross-section shapes, material, and construction parts that you can place in the structure. The Catalog administrator can customize the Catalog wall definitions. The supporting plane of the wall can be an elevation plane, the surface of a slab, or any other planar surface in the model. You can define the path (or wall run) using the 3D Sketch or 2D Sketch methods. The 3D Sketch method allows you to directly reference 3D model design objects while drawing the path. The 2D Sketch method requires you to specifically select the design objects you want to reference within the Sketch 2D drawing environment. The Sketch 2D drawing environment gives you more drawing functionalities including the ability to define dimensions that automatically adjust the wall size. In both the sketching methods, you can efficiently create multiple wall systems as you define the wall run, without exiting the Place Wall command. You can then edit the thickness or other construction properties of the different wall systems you have defined. © Copyright 2009 Intergraph Corporation

Last Updated: April 4, 2009 for SmartPlant® 3D 2009

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You can later split these wall systems into multiple wall systems if you need to change the properties of a portion of the existing wall system. For example, if you want to edit the thickness of one of the walls in a wall system, you can split the wall system into multiple wall systems and then change the thickness of one of the walls. You can place doors and windows in the wall and cut arbitrary openings by using the Place Opening command. You can get reports on the surface area with or without the openings.

Steps for Placing Walls by Using Sketch 3D: Place a boundary wall on a slab of thickness 0 ft 9 in and height 15 ft in Unit U05 by using the Place Wall command. After placing the boundary walls, place a 30 ft long divider wall at the midpoint of the wall run. The view of the model after placing the walls should resemble Figure 1.

Figure 1: Final Output — After Placing Boundary Walls and Divider Wall

Before beginning the procedure for placing walls: • •

1.

Define your workspace to display A2 > U05 and coordinate system U05 CS and switch to the Structure task. On the Common toolbar, click the Common Views button and select the Isometric view. Then, click the Fit button to fit the view on the screen.

On the Common toolbar, click the PinPoint button to activate the PinPoint ribbon. Set the PinPoint target to U05 CS, as shown in Figure 2.



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Figure 2: PinPoint Ribbon

2.

Make sure that the Active Coordinate System is set to the Rectangular Coordinates mode.

3.

Click the Place Wall button on the vertical toolbar, as shown in Figure 3.

Figure 3: Place Wall Button on the Vertical Toolbar

4.

On the Place Wall ribbon, set the following wall parameters, as shown in Figure 4: System: A2 > U05 > Structural > Walls Type: Exterior Bearing Wall - Composite Composition: EBW_Brick_5”_Air_4”_Bath&Roll_2”_Siding_Vinyl_0.046” Position: 3-Bottom Right Total Thickness: 0’-9” Maximum Height: 15’-0”

Figure 4: Place Wall Ribbon

5.

Select the top surface of the slab for the sketching plane, as shown in Figure 5.



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Figure 5: Selecting the Top Surface of the Slab

6.

On the Place Wall ribbon, click the Sketch 3D option to sketch the wall run (path), as shown in Figure 6.

Figure 6: Sketch 3D Option on the Place Wall Ribbon

7.

Sketch the boundaries of the wall, as shown in Figure 7. • •

Select Path Type as Line to start defining the wall path (points 1 to 6 in Figure 7). Select Path Type as Arc by 3 Points to place the arc path (points 6, 7 and 8 in Figure 7).

Figure 7: Wall Path

8.

Click the Finish button on the Sketch 3D ribbon to return to the Place Wall ribbon, as © Copyright 2009 Intergraph Corporation


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shown in Figure 8.

Figure 9: Finish Button on the Sketch 3D Ribbon

9.

On the Place Wall ribbon, click the Finish button to place the wall part in the model.

Next, you will place a divider wall. The command cycles after you click the Finish button on the Place Wall ribbon, defaulting the surface to the last selected surface and the sketching method to the last selected sketching method. You are in the smartstep for defining the 3D path for a new wall run. 10. Repeat steps 3 to 6 to sketch the path for the divider wall. • Use SmartSketch to find the midpoint to start the path and select Path Type as Line. • Use the Length field on the Place Wall ribbon to define the length of the wall as 30 ft.

Figure 10: Divider Wall

11. Click the Finish button on the Sketch 3D ribbon. System returns to the Place Wall ribbon and displays the structure of the divider wall. 12. Click the Finish button on the Place Wall ribbon.

Figure 11: Finish Button on the Place Wall Ribbon

13. Undo the placement of the wall by using the Undo command. © Copyright 2009 Intergraph Corporation


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Current Software Constraints: A 3D-sketched wall system cannot be split into multiple wall systems. If you think you may want to change the thickness or properties of some of the walls at a later date, place multiple connected 3D wall systems as you model. 3D-sketched wall systems currently connect to other wall systems using the associative point relationship. This means that the first wall system position defines the position of the path placed last. You can move the first wall but not the second.

•

•

Tips: •

•

Because of the current limitations in the 3D-sketched wall systems, it is better to design complex room layouts using the 2D Sketch method. Not only is the editing behavior at connections among the wall systems better, you also have powerful dimensioning and sketching tools that are not available in the 3D Sketch tool. Simple wall layouts can be defined quickly using the 3D Sketch method.

Steps for Placing Walls by Using Sketch 2D: Place a boundary wall on a slab of thickness 0 ft 9 in and height 15 ft in Unit U05 by using the Place Wall command. After placing the boundary walls, place a 30 ft long divider wall at the midpoint of the wall run. The view of the model after placing the walls should resemble Figure 12.

Figure 12: Final Output - After Placing Boundary Walls and Divider Wall

1.

Click the Place Wall button on the vertical toolbar.

2.

On the Place Wall ribbon, set the following wall parameters:



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System: A2 > U05 > Structural > Walls Type: Exterior Bearing Wall - Composite Composition: EBW_Brick_5”_Air_4”_Bath&Roll_2”_Siding_Vinyl_0.046” Position: 3 – Bottom Right Total Thickness: 0’-9” Maximum Height: 15’-0” 3.

Select the top surface of the slab for the sketching plane.

4.

On the Place Wall ribbon, click the Sketch 2D option to sketch the wall run, as shown in Figure 13.

Figure 13: Sketch 2D Option on the Place Wall Ribbon

5.

The Add References to Sketch 2D option is selected by default. Select the objects in the model that you want to see while sketching the wall run in the 2D environment. In this case, select the two slabs placed in the previous session, as shown in Figure 14.

Figure 14: Selected Slabs as References to Sketch 2D

6.

Click the Draw option on the Sketch 2D ribbon to sketch the wall run.

Figure 15: Draw Option

The Draft 2D View window appears, as shown in Figure 16.



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Figure 16: Draft 2D View Window

7.

In the 2D environment, sketch the wall run for the boundary wall, as shown in Figure 17. • •

Select Path Type as Line to start defining the wall path (points 1 to 6 in Figure 17). Select Path Type as Arc by 3 Points to place the arc path (points 6, 7, and 8 in Figure 17).

Figure 17: Boundary Wall Path in Sketch 2D © Copyright 2009 Intergraph Corporation


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8.

Click the PinPoint button on the Common toolbar and place the PinPoint target at the midpoint of the path run. Sketch a 30 ft long line to define the path for the divider wall, as shown in Figure 18.

Figure 18: Divider Wall Path in Sketch 2D

Tips: •

9.

You can sketch the walls and then apply the dimensions if the final dimensions are uncertain. This allows you to easily adjust to your final exact requirements later. You will learn how to place and deal with dimensions in the smartsketch training sessions.

In the 2D environment, click the Close button, as shown in Figure 19.



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Figure 19: Close Button in the Draft 2D View Window

10. The system returns to the graphic view. Click the Finish button on the Sketch 2D ribbon to return to the Place Wall ribbon. 11. The system returns to the smartstep ribbon of the Place Wall command. Click the Finish button on the Place Wall ribbon to place the walls in the model.

Figure 20: Final Output — After Placing the Walls



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Editing the Walls: You can edit different wall systems created from one 2D Sketch to have different thickness or other wall properties. Wall systems: When a sketch line segment either has no relationship to another segment in the sketch or if the connection is a T as in the interior wall, then a separate wall system is automatically created for the connected set of segments. You can see this by selecting the walls in the 3D graphic window, as shown in Figure 21.

Figure 21: Outer Wall Selected

Editing the path of wall systems: You can edit the wall systems to have different thickness or other wall properties, as shown in Figure 22. When you edit the path of any of the wall systems created by using the 2D Sketch method, you will see the single sketch and be able to edit the path of all the wall systems.

Figure 22: Outer Wall Thickness Changed

Editing the position of wall systems: The relative position of all the wall systems created by the same 2D Sketch can only be changed from within the 2D Sketch. If you select any wall system whose wall run (path) is defined by the sketch, and move it, all the wall systems defined in the sketch will be moved. This movement happens because the position of the single hidden 2D Sketch data is moved in the 3D space. © Copyright 2009 Intergraph Corporation


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Deleting a wall system: You can delete a wall system defined in a sketch with multiple wall systems by selecting the wall system in the 3D environment and clicking the Delete command. This deletion also deletes the related 2D Sketch segments from the sketch. Different designers can edit the properties and place openings independently in the different wall systems created by the single 2D Sketch. However, only one designer can edit the path of any of the walls at a time.

Steps for Splitting a Wall System: Split the boundary wall that you created by using the single 2D Sketch method in the previous procedure into two wall segments. Perform the following steps for splitting the wall system: 1.

Select the wall system created by the single 2D Sketch. On the Edit ribbon, click Select a path smartstep, and then select the Sketch 2D option, as shown in Figure 23. Next, select the Draw option.

Figure 23: Wall System Edit Ribbon

2.

Open the Change palette. On the Change toolbar, click the Split button to split the boundary wall. Select the connection points where you want to split the wall into multiple wall systems, and then click the Split button.

Figure 24: Connection Points to Split the Wall

3.

Click the Close button and then click the Finish button to return to the Place Wall ribbon.



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4.

Click the Finish button on the Place Wall ribbon. The view of the model will resemble Figure 25.

Figure 25: New Wall System Created

Tips: •

•

In the Sketch 2D environment, the multiple connected segments that form individual wall systems are assigned to separate groups. Select the top-down selection option to see the groupings highlight. After splitting a wall system into two, you can combine the two wall systems into single wall system again by using the Modify Group command. This command allows you to add elements to an existing group. All elements in a group become a wall system. Do not use the Group and Ungroup commands in the Sketch 2D environment while defining walls. Using these commands removes the identifications used to associate the wall systems with the groups in the 2D Sketch.

For more information related to placing walls in a structure, refer to the Working

with Walls

and Slabs: An Overview topic in the user guide StructureUsersGuide.pdf.

Split Walls by 3-D Sketch 1. 2.

Re-define your workspace to include the A2 U06 and CS U06 CS system. Select Place Wall Command to open the SmartStep ribbon bar.

3.

Set the wall parameters as follows: © Copyright 2009 Intergraph Corporation


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System: A2 -> U06 -> Structural -> Walls Wall Type: Exterior Bearing Wall - Composite Composition: EBW_Brick_5”_Air_4”_Bath&Roll_2”_Siding_Vinyl_0.046” Face Position: 1 - Bottom_Left Total Thickness: 0’-10” Maximum Height: 18’-0” 4. Select the Elevation plane, El 0ft as the sketching plane. 5. Select the Sketch 3D step. 6. Select the intersection of the grids as shown below.

7. Select the next intersection along the North along the grid line and perform a left mouse click. 8. Go to the ribbon bar and change the Turn Type to “Split”.

9. Now, select the intersection as shown below.



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10. Change the Turn Type to “None” and then select the next intersection along the North and as shown below.

11. Change the Turn Type to Split again and select the intersection as shown below.



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12. Hit Finish twice. Your view should resemble the following graphic.



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13. Two wall systems are created as shown in Workspace explorer window.



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14. Rename the WallSystem-1-0203 as WallSystem-A and rename the WallSystem-1-0204 as WallSystem-B. Your workspace explorer should view as shown below.

Toggle Wall Corner 15. Hold down the Place Wall command in the vertical toolbar until the Toggle Corner Wall Operators dialog appears. Select the Toggle Corner Wall Operators command. 16. Select the WallSystem-A as shown below.



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17. Select the WallSystem-B as shown below.

18. Hit Finish. 19. Select WallSystem-A as shown below and observe the changes. See the image under © Copyright 2009 Intergraph Corporation


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line16.

20. When two separate walls join at a corner, one wall extends past the other wall to form the corner. This command is used to toggle which wall extends past the other.

Multiple Wall modification 21. Multiple walls can be selected for modification. Select WallSystem-A and WallSystemB. 22. Your view should resemble the following graphic.



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23. System, Type, Composition, Position, Total Thickness and Maximum height values can be changed in the ribbon bar.

24. Change the Total Thickness to 0ft 8in and maximum height to 15ft. Hit Enter. Your view should resemble the following graphic.



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SP3D Structure Tutorial: Placing Architectural Equipment

Session 13: Placing Architectural Equipment Objective: By the end of this session, you will be able to: •

Place architectural equipment such as doors, windows, and louvers in a structure by using the Place Equipment command.


SP3D Overview SP3D Common Sessions Structure: An Overview SP3D Equipment Sessions

Overview: You can place doors, windows, and louvers in walls and slabs in a model by using the Place Equipment command and selecting the desired items from the architectural section of the equipment Catalog. Door and window placement generates geometry of the door/window and creates an appropriately sized rough opening in the wall. This equipment-based method of representing design objects permits the Catalog administrator to customize the available doors and windows. To do this, the administrator can use the same methods as used for defining other equipment in the Catalog. When placing a door, a window, or a louver, identify the point on the surface of the wall where you want the design object to be placed. This point identifies the wall in which the opening will be cut and the position where the design object will be placed on the wall. You can also add additional positioning relationships if you want to offset the door/window from another surface (refer to the sessions that cover equipment modeling design). It is also effective to simply use PinPoint or Point Along to define the final position along the wall.

Steps for Placing Architectural Equipment: Place a simple swing door—left push on the East wall in Unit U05, at offset 2 ft South from the North wall, by using the Place Equipment command. After placing the door, place two residential windows—left push on the East wall in Unit U05. Place the first window at offset 4 ft from the edge of the door and the second window at offset 10 ft from the first window. The view of your model after placing the door and the windows should resemble Figure 1.



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Figure 1: Final Output – After Placing Door and Windows

Before beginning the procedure for placing equipment: •

Define your workspace to display A2 > U05 and the coordinate system U05 CS, and switch to the Structure task. Make sure that the active permission group is set to Structural.

•

On the Common toolbar, click the Fit button to fit the view on the screen, and then click the Common Views button and select the Isometric view.

1.

On the Common toolbar, click the PinPoint button to activate the PinPoint ribbon.

Figure 2: PinPoint Button on the Common Toolbar

2.

On the PinPoint ribbon, click the Reposition Target option and set the pinpoint target to the reference position at the corner of a wall.

3.

Click the Place Equipment button on the vertical toolbar. The Place Equipment ribbon and the Select Equipment dialog box display.



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Figure 3: Place Equipment Button on the Vertical Toolbar

4.

In the Select Equipment dialog box, expand the Equipment hierarchy, \Equipment\Architectural\Doors\Swing Doors (Simple), click Swing_Door_Simple_Left_Push, and then click OK, as shown in Figure 5.

5.

The Equipment Properties dialog box displays. In the Equipment Properties dialog box, you can define the properties for the new door and then click OK to return to the graphic view.

6.

On the Place Equipment ribbon, make sure that the positional relationship is set to Mate, as shown in Figure 5.

7.

Set the following parameters on the Place Equipment ribbon, as shown in Figure 5:

Figure 4: Select Equipment Dialog Box

•

Name: Door-101

•

System: A2 > U05 > Structural > Miscellaneous



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Figure 5: Place Equipment Ribbon

In the Offset field, key in 0 ft to position the door frame on the surface of the wall. Lock the position of the door on the face of the wall by using PinPoint. Key in -2 ft in the North field and 0 ft in the Elevation field. Leave the third dimension unlocked so the cursor position still locates the wall surface.

Tip: • 8.

You can use the function keys F7 and F8 to toggle between the North and Elevation fields.

Click when the wall surface is highlighted with arrow pointing out from it, as shown in Figure 6. This surface must be located to create the opening in the wall.

Figure 6: Placing the Door

9.

Click in the graphic view to place the door in the model.

Next, you will place the two windows on this wall. 10. On the PinPoint ribbon, click the Reposition Target option and set the PinPoint target to the reference position at the corner of the door. 11. Click the Place Equipment button on the vertical toolbar. The Place Equipment ribbon and the Select Equipment dialog box display. 12. In the Select Equipment dialog box, expand the Equipment hierarchy, \Equipment\Architectural\Windows\Residential Windows, click Residential_Windows_Left_Push, and then click OK, as shown in Figure 7.



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Figure 7: Select Equipment Dialog Box

13. The Equipment Properties dialog box displays. In the Equipment Properties dialog box, you can define the properties for the new window and then click OK to return to the graphic view. 14. On the Place Equipment ribbon, make sure that the positional relationship is set to Mate, as shown in Figure 8. 15. Set the following parameters on the Place Equipment ribbon, as shown in Figure 8: Name: Window-101 System: A2 > U05 > Structural > Miscellaneous

Figure 8: Place Equipment Ribbon

16. On the PinPoint ribbon, key in -10 ft in the North field and 4 ft in the Elevation field. Leave the third dimension unlocked so the cursor position locates the wall surface. Click when the wall surface is highlighted with an arrow pointing out from it, as shown in Figure 9.



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Figure 9: Placing the First Window

17. Click in the graphic view to place the window in the model. 18. Repeat steps 10-17 for placing the second window in the model. Name the second window as Window-102. On the PinPoint ribbon, key in 10 ft in the North field and 4 ft in the Elevation field. The view of the model now resembles Figure 10.

Figure 10: Placing the Second Window

For more information related to architectural equipment, refer to the Placing Equipment from the Catalog: An Overview topic in the user guide StructureUsersGuide.pdf.



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SP3D Structure Tutorial: Placing Openings

Session 14: Placing Openings Objective: By the end of this session, you will be able to: • Place openings in slabs, walls, and members.



Overview: You can place an opening in an existing slab, wall, or member. You can define the shape of an opening by selecting the boundaries, sketching the opening outline, or using a predefined shape from the Catalog. In addition, you can control the depth of an opening to create a fully penetrating hole or a recessed opening. You can place an opening in an existing slab, wall, or member by using the following methods: •

Placing an Opening by Boundaries: You select the geometry of design objects to define the outline of an opening. You can define offsets for the actual opening from the boundaries. When the design objects you referenced are moved or modified, the opening will be automatically modified. For example, you can define an opening for a pipe that penetrates a grating. When the pipe moves or changes diameter, the opening will also move or change diameter.

•

Placing an Opening by Sketch: You sketch the outline of an opening in the 2D environment. The sketch can consist of a closed set of lines, curves, arcs, fillets, and other drawing options and can reference other geometrical objects in the model.

•

Placing an Opening by Shape: You select the shape of an opening from the Catalog. The default Catalog is delivered with several standard shapes. The Catalog administrator can add custom shapes with the required default sizes to your Catalog. After placing an opening, you can resize or edit the shapes by using the sketch environment editing commands.

Steps for Placing an Opening by Boundaries: Place a stairway opening in Slab 1-0002 in Unit U03 by using the Boundaries method. The view of the model after placing the opening should resemble the highlighted area shown in Figure 1.



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Figure 1: Output – After Placing the Stairway Opening

Before beginning the procedure for placing an opening, define your workspace to display Unit U03 and the coordinate system U03 CS and switch to the Structure task. 1.

Change the view orientation to get a better view of the framing members at elevation 18 ft on the East side of the building.

2.

Click the Place Opening button on the vertical toolbar, as shown in Figure 2.

Figure 2: Place Opening Button on the Vertical Toolbar

Tip: • 3.

If you face trouble locating the design objects you want to work on, you can use the Clip by Object command to isolate the beams and columns.

Select the slab located on the first floor (El 18 ft) to place the stairway opening, as shown in Figure 3.



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Figure 3: Selecting the Slab

Note: •

The Place Opening command skips the Select Sketching Plane smartstep and defaults to the top surface if the selected object is a slab. You can change the default selection by picking the Sketching Plane smartstep. If the selected object is a member or a wall, you are prompted to select the sketching plane. The boundaries are defined on (or projected to) this plane and later projected as a cutter perpendicular to this plane toward the object in which you are placing the opening. The penetration depth is measured from the selected sketch surface.



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Figure 4: Boundaries Defined by the Place Opening Command

4.

Retain the default parameters on the Place Opening ribbon, as shown in Figure 5.

Figure 5: Place Opening Ribbon

5.

The Select Boundaries option is active by default. Select the members to define the boundaries of the opening, as shown in Figure 6.

Figure 6: Selecting Boundaries

Tips: • •

You must select the boundary objects in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. If the set of boundaries you choose result in multiple closed shapes, the Place Opening command will prompt you to select the closed shapes that need to be © Copyright 2009 Intergraph Corporation


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combined into an opening. 6.

After selecting the members, to place the opening, click the Finish button on the Place Opening ribbon.

Steps for Placing an Opening by Sketch: Place an opening on the roof deck in Unit U03 using the Sketch (Sketch 2D) method. Place a rectangular opening of width 130 inches so that it is at a distance of 24 ft from the indicated three edges of the slab. The view of the model after placing the opening should resemble Figure 7.

Figure 7: Final Output – After Placing the Opening on the Roof Deck

1.

On the Common toolbar, click the Zoom Area button to magnify the area where you want to place the opening, as shown in Figure 8.

Figure 8: Zoomed in Area

2.

Click the Place Opening button on the vertical toolbar. © Copyright 2009 Intergraph Corporation


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3.

Select the roof deck located at Elevation 44 ft, as shown in Figure 9.


4.

The Place Opening ribbon appears. Click the Draw option to define the boundaries of the opening, as shown in Figure 10.

Figure 10: Draw Option on the Place Opening Ribbon

Note: •

5.

The orientation you will see in the Sketch 2D editor is the default. If you want to define a different orientation, select the Define Orientation smartstep before you enter the Sketch 2D editor. This smartstep allows you to specify the orientation of the Sketch 2D view. You select an edge of the object you are cutting and a vertex of the edge to define the view x-axis in the Sketch 2D graphic view.

The software automatically opens the Draft 2D View window. Draw the opening as shown in Figure 11, by using the drawing commands available in the 2D environment. Use the Place Line, Fillet, Distance Equal Relationship, and Dimension commands.



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Figure 11: Sketch for Placing the Opening on the Roof Deck

Notes: • •

•

6.

The Sketch 2D editor provides many commands. It is a 2D drawing application that has specific training in the Drawings sessions. The Sketch 2D editor will display the boundaries of the slab (or other object) in which you are placing the opening. If you want to sketch the opening relative to the other geometry that is in the 3D model, then click the Add References to Sketch 2D option on the ribbon. You can then select the geometry that will be projected to the sketch plane for reference as you draw the opening in the Sketch 2D editor. When you create relationships to this reference geometry, the opening is updated when the parent geometry changes. This allows you to define an opening, for example, which is positioned relative to a pipe going through the platform. When the pipe is moved, the opening will also move. You can also position the opening by defining the dimensions from the edge of the slab. If the slab edges are modified, the opening will also be modified, maintaining the distance that you defined from the edge of the slab. If you do not create relationships from the sketch geometry to the model geometry to control the position of the opening, then the opening will stay at the position in space where you defined it when you edit the boundaries of the slab in which the opening is defined. However, if you create the opening relative to the model geometry and move the object in which the opening is placed, the opening is automatically moved. The Sketch 2D editor has graphic indicators of the relationships and dimensions that you create. You can select these indicators and delete them to remove the relationships. You can also choose an option to reset the relationships by using the Maintain Relationships button on the Dimension/Relationship toolbar.

Click the File > Close command to return to the graphic view. © Copyright 2009 Intergraph Corporation


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7.

Retain the default parameters on the Place Opening ribbon, as shown in Figure 12. Click the Finish button to place the opening.

Figure 12: Place Opening Ribbon

Steps for Placing an Opening by Standard 2D Shape: Place an opening on the roof deck in Unit U03 by using a standard opening shape. Place an opening of length 216 inches, width 130 inches, and corner radius 12 inches so that it is at a distance of 24 ft from the edges of the slab. The view of the model after placing the opening should resemble Figure 13.

Figure 13: Final Output – After Placing the Opening on the Roof Deck 1.

Delete the opening that you placed in the previous procedure. Move the cursor over the opening, wait for the Quickpick box to appear, and choose an alternate option to select the opening instead of the slab. After selecting the opening, click the Delete button on the Common toolbar.

2.

Click the Place Opening button on the vertical toolbar.

3.

Select the roof deck located at Elevation 44 ft.

4.

The Place Opening ribbon appears. Select the More… option in the Shape drop-down list to select the shape of the opening.

Figure 14: More… Option on the Place Opening Ribbon

5.

Select the desired opening shape and size from the Catalog part browser and click OK.



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Figure 15: Select the Shape and Size from the Catalog

Notes: • •

6.

The selected shape is placed in the Shape2D sketch tool. Your Catalog administrator can add sizes that go with your stairways or other standards. You can edit the size after the opening shape is placed.

Edit the opening size by clicking the Edit > Properties command and position the opening. Set Fillet to 12 in, Length to 216 in and Width to 130 in on the Parametric tab.

Figure 16: Symbol Properties Dialog Box

7.

Position the opening at 24 ft offset from the edges, as shown in Figure 17.



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Figure 17: Opening Positioned in the Draft 2D View Window

Notes: •

8.

The Sketch 2D editor has many commands. It is a 2D drawing application that has specific training in the Drawings sessions.

Click File > Close and then click Finish to place the opening in the model.

For more information related to placing openings, refer to the Placing Equipment Catalog: An Overview topic in the user guide StructureUsersGuide.pdf.

from the



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SP3D Structure Tutorial: Placing Stairs/Ladders

Session 15: Placing Stairs/Ladders Objective: By the end of this session, you will be able to: •

Place stairs and ladders.



Overview: The stair and ladder design objects generate geometry sufficiently detailed for general arrangement drawings and for participation in interference detection, as shown in Figures 1 and 2. The 3D model does not contain all the details needed for fabrication of the stairs and ladders. The design objects do not create individual parts with fabrication identities and properties. This is similar to the function of the handrail and equipment design objects in the 3D model. The properties of the stairs and ladders can be used along with standards as specifications for the detailed design. Different types of stairs and ladders are defined by the Catalog with associated graphic symbols. The default Catalog has several types of stairs and ladders with many different options. You will need to place the different types and experiment with the options to understand all the configurations that are available to you. Your company can develop custom stairs and ladders to serve your specific requirements. All stairs and ladders, however, use the same set of graphic inputs for the positioning and construction of the geometry. The top of a stair/ladder is related to an edge of an object and the bottom of the stair is related to a plane to establish the height. The position of the stair/ladder along the top edge is defined by an offset from a reference edge. The offset value can be either keyed in or established by graphically indicating the point. The graphically defined height combined with the properties of the construction determines the number and position of the steps.



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Figure 1: A Stair Placed in a Model

Figure 2: A Ladder Placed in a Model

As the stair/ladder is connected to the top edge and the bottom plane, the interference detection service will not detect interference between any part of the object, such as the stringer, handrail, and tread of the stair with the edge or bottom surface.



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Steps for Placing Stairs in a Model: Place two stairs of Type A1 in Unit U03 of Area A2. Specify the following settings for the first stair: • System: A2 > U03 > Structural > Miscellaneous • Width: 2 ft 6.00 in • Angle: 32 deg • Pitch: 0 ft 10.00 in • Horizontal offset: 9 ft 6.00 in Specify the following settings for the second stair: • System: A2 > U03 > Structural > Miscellaneous • Width: 2 ft 6.00 in • Angle: 32 deg • Pitch: 0 ft 10.00 in • Horizontal offset: 4 ft 9.00 in The view of the first stair should resemble Figure 3.

Figure 3: Placement of the First Stair

The view of the second stair should resemble the highlighted area in Figure 4.



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Figure 4: Placement of the Second Stair

Before you place the stair or ladder in a model, you should first open the Structure task. In this session, set the Active Permission Group to Structural. 1.

Define your workspace to include the A2 > U03 and CS > U03 CS systems.

2.

Click the Clip by Object button on the Common toolbar and isolate the objects, as shown in Figure 5.



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Figure 5: Clipped Objects

3.

Click the Place Stair button on the vertical toolbar.

Figure 6: Place Stair Button on the Vertical Toolbar © Copyright 2009 Intergraph Corporation


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4.

The Select stair dialog box appears. To select the type of stair in the Select stair dialog box, expand the folder Stairs\Stair TypeA until you see the part number StairA1. Select the part number and click OK. The selected part number becomes the default selection for the next time you place a stair. You can change the default option by using the Type option on the Place Stair ribbon. Your company can create standard sizes in your Catalog so you just have to select the desired standard and do not have to enter the data.

Figure 7: Select Stair Dialog Box with Preview Displayed

5.

Select the top edge of the beam to define the top elevation of the stair, as shown in Figure 9.

6.

Select the elevation plane El 0 ft 0.00 in (Grade) in the Workspace Explorer to define the bottom plane of the stair.

Figure 8: Selecting the Elevation Plane in the Workspace Explorer

7.

Select the beam, as shown in Figure 9, as the reference edge of the stair.



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Top Edge

Reference Edge

Figure 9: Selecting the Top Edge and Reference Edge of the First Stair

When you select the reference edge of the stair, you can view the stair. You can now specify its properties and place it at a specific location along the edge. As you select the top edge, bottom plane, and reference edge in the model, the appropriate primary parameter options are displayed on the Place Stair ribbon.

Figure 10: Place Stair Ribbon

•

8.

You can specify the following settings on the Place Stair ribbon: o System: System to which a stair belongs o Width: Width of a stair o Angle: Slope of a stair in degrees o Pitch: Distance between the steps of a stair o Horizontal offset: Distance from the selected reference edge o Vertical offset: Distance from the selected top edge, if required To position the stair at a specific location, specify the following settings on the Place Stair ribbon: o System: A2 > U03 > Structural > Miscellaneous o Width: 2 ft 6.00 in o Angle: 32 deg o Pitch: 0 ft 10.00 in o Horizontal offset: 9 ft 6.00 in

Figure 11: Specifying the Properties of the Stair

Press the Enter key after keying in the Horizontal Offset value. You may have to click the Side button on Place Stair ribbon to orient the stair correctly. 9.

Click the Finish button on the Place Stair ribbon.



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Figure 12: First Stair Placed

When you click the Finish button, the stair is created in the database and then remains selected. The stair name automatically appears in the Name field on the Place Stair ribbon following the name rule. You can edit the name to switch to a user-defined name. You can also edit any of the properties through the Place Stair ribbon or on the property pages while the stair is selected. Now, place the second stair with the following specifications: • • • • •

System: A2 > U03 > Structural > Miscellaneous Width: 2 ft 6.00 in Angle: 32 deg Pitch: 0 ft 10.00 in Horizontal offset: 4 ft 9.00 in

The steps to place the stair will be similar to the above listed steps. However, the top edge, reference edge, and bottom plane for the stair will be, as shown in Figure 13.



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Reference Edge Top Edge

Bottom Plane

Figure 13: Selecting the Top Edge, Bottom Plane, and Reference Edge of the Second Stair

Steps for Placing a Ladder: Place a ladder of Type A1 in Unit U03 of Area A2. Specify the following settings for the ladder: • System: A2 > U03 > Structural > Miscellaneous • Width: 2 ft 0.00 in • Pitch: 1 ft 0.00 in • Horizontal offset: 5 ft 0.00 in The view of the ladder should resemble the highlighted area in Figure 14.



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Figure 14: Output - Placement of the Ladder

1.

Use the Clip by Object command to isolate the objects.

2.

Click the Place Ladder button on the vertical toolbar.

3.

The Select ladder dialog box appears. To select the type of ladder, expand the folder Ladders\Ladder TypeA until you see the part number LadderA1. Select the part number and click OK.

4.

Select the top edge of the beam, as shown in Figure 15, to define the top elevation of the ladder.



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Figure 15: Inputs for Placement of the Ladder

5.

Select the slab at 18 ft elevation to define the bottom plane of the ladder.

6.

Select the beam, Beam-1-0127 as the reference edge of the ladder.

7.

To position the ladder at a specific location, specify the following settings on the Place Ladder ribbon: • • • •

8.

System: A2 > U03 > Structural > Miscellaneous Width: 2 ft Pitch: 1 ft Horizontal Offset: 5 ft

Click the Finish button on the Place Ladder ribbon. You have successfully placed the ladder.

Note: •

The stairs and ladders are defined with an Operation aspect and you can set the height of this aspect, as shown in Figure 16. The remaining properties of the volume are a function of the stair/ladder dimensions.



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Figure 16: Setting Operation Aspect Height

You can review the operational aspect (volume) associated with the stair or ladder by selecting the Format > View… command and selecting the Operation aspect.

Figure 17: Turning Display of Operation Aspect On



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Figure 18: Operation Aspect for Stairs and Ladders

For more information related to placing stairs and ladders, refer to the Providing for Traffic: An Overview topic in the user guide StructureUsersGuide.pdf.



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SP3D Structure Tutorial: Placing Handrails

Session 16: Placing Handrails Objective: By the end of this session, you will be able to: •

Place a handrail in a structure by path and by structure member.



Overview: The handrail design object generates geometry sufficiently detailed for general arrangement drawings and for participation in interference detection. It does not create separate parts with fabrication identities and properties. The 3D model does not contain all the details needed for fabrication of the handrail. This is similar to the function of the ladders, stairs, and equipment design objects in the 3D model. The parameters of the handrail can be used along with standards as specifications for the detailed design. Different types of handrails are defined in the Catalog with associated graphic symbols. The default Catalog has several handrails with different options. You will need to place a handrail and experiment with the options to understand all the configurations that are available to you. To serve any specific requirements, your company can develop their own handrails. All handrails, however, are positioned in the model by using the same methods — by path or by member. You place a handrail along a 3D path by using the Place Handrail command. The handrail path can be straight, curved, or a combination of both. The points of the path can be on the same plane or can be at different elevations. The points you identify for the path will create the indicated relationships to the objects when the SmartSketch glyphs are displayed when you enter the point. When those objects move, the handrail will be modified. You can place a handrail relative to one or more members by using the Place Handrail by Member command. This command defines the points of the handrail path by the end points of the selected members. It creates a separate handrail for every member. If the members are endconnected, the handrails will also appear end-connected. The end result is a handrail that could have been created by the Place Handrail command and selecting the ends of the member as the path points. You edit a handrail placed by the Place Handrail by Member command with the same modify ribbon as the handrail placed by the Place Handrail command.

Steps for Placing a Handrail by using the Place Handrail by Member Command: Place a handrail on the first floor in Unit U03. The view of the model after placing the handrail should resemble the highlighted area in Figure 1. Then, place a handrail in Unit U02.



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Figure 1: Output-Handrail Placed in Unit 03

1.


2.

Click the Place Handrail by Member button on the vertical toolbar.

Figure 2: Place Handrail by Member Button on the Vertical Toolbar

3.

The Select Handrail dialog box appears, if you have not selected a handrail type previously. You can change the type of handrail selected by default by editing the Type field on the Place Handrail ribbon. In this dialog box, browse to the folder containing the type of handrail to be placed. Browse to the Handrail TypeA Mounted to Member folder and select SideMountedtoMember. © Copyright 2009 Intergraph Corporation


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The selected handrail will appear as the default selection the next time you place a handrail in the session.

Figure 3: Select Handrail Dialog Box

4.

Set the following parameters on the Place Handrail ribbon: System: A2 > U03 > Structural > Miscellaneous Begin Treatment: Rectangular End Treatment: Rectangular Offset Reference: Centerline Column Clearance: 0 ft 3 in End Clearance: 0 ft 0 in

5.

Select the members for placing the handrail in the graphic view, as shown in Figure 4.

Figure 4: Selected Members to Define Handrail Path

6.

Click the Accept button on the Place Handrail ribbon. The command automatically moves to the Select walking surface smartstep on the Place Handrail ribbon.

Figure 5: Select Walking Surface Location Option on the Place Handrail Ribbon © Copyright 2009 Intergraph Corporation


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The view of your model should now resemble Figure 6.

Figure 6: Outline of the Handrail

You now need to select the walking surface location in the graphic view. The software uses the walking surface location to identify the side of the member where you need to place the handrail and to calculate the toe-plate and railing height. 7.

To select the walking surface location, click on the slab next to the handrail.

8.

Click Finish to place the handrail. The view of your model should now resemble Figure 7.

Figure 7: Final Output - Handrail Placed in Unit U03



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Now, perform the following steps to place a handrail in Unit U02. The view of your model after placing the handrail should resemble Figure 8.


9.


10. Click the Place Handrail by Member button on the vertical toolbar. 11. The Select Handrail dialog box appears if you have not selected a handrail type previously. You can change the default by editing the Type field on the Place Handrail ribbon. In this dialog box, browse to the folder containing the type of handrail to be placed. Browse to the Handrail TypeA Mounted to Member folder and select SideMountedtoMember. 12. Set the following parameters on the Place Handrail ribbon: System: A2 > U02 > Structural > Miscellaneous Begin Treatment: Rectangular End Treatment: Rectangular Offset Reference: Centerline Column Clearance: 0 ft 3 in End Clearance: 0 ft 0 in 13. Select the members for the handrail in the graphic view, as shown in Figure 10 and then click the Accept button on the Place Handrail ribbon. © Copyright 2009 Intergraph Corporation


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Figure 9: Selected Members to Define Handrail Path

The command automatically moves to the Select walking surface smartstep on the Place Handrail ribbon. 14. To select the walking surface location, click on any beam inside the edge.

Figure 10: Walking Surface Location for the Handrails

15. Click the Finish button on the Place Handrail ribbon. The view of your model should now resemble Figure 11.



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After placing a handrail, you can edit the handrail properties on the Edit ribbon or click the Properties smartstep on the Edit ribbon to view the Handrail Properties dialog box. You can use the Handrail Properties dialog box to view or edit all properties of the handrail.

Figure 12: Edit Ribbon

The Handrail Properties dialog box has the following tabs: •

Occurrence: Displays the properties specific to the handrail type that you can edit for the selected handrail occurrence. The properties are organized into categories. The default values for the occurrence properties are defined in the Catalog. The Catalog administrator can define a number of typical handrails with different default values for the occurrence properties. This gives you a quick way to place typical handrails, but still allows you to make changes to the property values after you have placed the handrail.



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Figure 13: Occurrence Tab on the Handrail Properties Dialog Box

•

Definition: Displays all properties for which values are defined in the Catalog. This includes the occurrence properties for which defaults are recorded in the reference data. You cannot edit properties on this page.

Figure 14: Definition Tab on the Handrail Properties Dialog Box



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•

Relationship: Displays the objects that are related to the handrail in the following ways: o o o

System parent WBS parent (if any) Associative point parents (if any)

Figure 15: Relationship Tab on the Handrail Properties Dialog Box

•

Configuration: Displays the creation, modification, and status information. You can edit the permission group and the status on this page.



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Figure 16: Configuration Tab on the Handrail Properties Dialog Box

•

Notes: Allows you to create and edit special instructions about the design object. The administrator can configure drawings to automatically create labels with the text from a note.

Figure 17: Notes Tab on the Handrail Properties Dialog Box



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Steps for Editing a Handrail: Now, change the horizontal path offset distance of the handrail you placed in Unit U02 to 0 ft 3.5 in. Perform the following steps to edit the properties of the handrail: 1.

Click the Select button on the vertical toolbar and then, select the handrails you have just placed. You can select either one handrail or all the handrails to change the properties.

2.

Click the Handrail Properties option on the Place Handrail ribbon. Figure 18: Handrail Properties Button

3.

The Handrail Properties dialog box appears. Change the Horizontal Path Offset Distance value to 0 ft 3.5 in.

Figure 19: Changed Horizontal Path Offset Distance in the Handrail Properties Dialog Box

4.

Click OK to commit the change.

Notes: •

The handrail is defined with an operation aspect. You cannot change the size of this aspect, only your Catalog administrator can create custom handrails that contain the properties to resize its operation aspect. To view the operation aspect, click the Format > View command and select the operation aspect.



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Figure 20: Operation Aspect for Handrail

For more information related to placing and editing handrails, refer to following topics in the user guide StructureUsersGuide.pdf: • Place a Handrail • Edit Handrail Placement • Edit Handrail Properties



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SP3D Structure Tutorial: Placing Footings

Session 17: Placing Footings Objective: By the end of this session, you will be able to: •

Place footings by using the Place Footing command.



Overview: The footing generates geometry with a single identity that is sufficiently detailed for general arrangement drawings and for participation in interference detection. It does not create multiple separate parts with fabrication identities and properties. A typical footing comprises the following parts as shown in Figure 1:

• • • •

Base - A base supports one or more piers. Some footings for light-weight structures such as a light pole do not have a base. Pier – A pier rests on the base and supports the grout layer. Some footings do not have a pier in which case the grout is put directly on the base. Grout – A grout layer rests on the pier and supports the base plate. Base Plate - A base plate rests on the grout layer and is welded to the supported column.

Figure 1

A B C D E F G

Base Pier Grout Base Plate Column Anchor Bolts Reinforcing Bars



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The default structure catalog provides several types of footings. The footings in the default catalog have properties to size the geometry for all of the above components except the anchor bolts and reinforcing bars. No properties for these components of the footing are provided. The catalog administrator can add properties to the footing in the catalog to allow you to document these components if it is important to your workflow. There are two types of footings that you can place: • •

Single Footing - Single footing supports a single column. Combined Footing - Combined footing supports multiple columns.

Notes: • •

Combined footing requires a minimum of two columns for placement. Combined footing with a single column are put to the To Do List. When placing a combined footing with a merged pier, all columns must have the same bottom elevation. The software does not allow adding a column with a different bottom elevation to the merged pier.

There are two methods to place footings: • •

By Member – You select the ends of members to position the footing. By Point – You place the footing at a specific point.

Note: •

The method for placing footings by point is normally used to place footings relative to grid intersections - before the placement of members.

In both cases, the height of the footing can be defined by the identification of a supporting surface or by entering the height of the footing, depending on the specific type of footing chosen from the catalog.

Steps for Placing Single Footings by Member: Place single rectangular footings on all the columns in Unit U02 by using the Place Footing command. The view of the model after placing the single footings on the columns should resemble the highlighted area displayed in Figure 2.



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Figure 2: Final Output – After Placing Single Footings

Before beginning the procedure for placing single footings: •

Define your workspace to display A2 > U02 and the coordinate system U02 CS, and switch to the Structure task.

•

On the Common toolbar, click the Fit button to fit the view on the screen and then click the Common Views button and select the Isometric view.

1.

Click the Place Footing button on the vertical toolbar. The Place Footing ribbon and the Select Footing dialog box appear.



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Figure 3: Place Footing Button on Vertical Toolbar

2.

In the Select Footing dialog box, expand the Assemblies > Single > Pier FootingAsm folder, click RectPierFootingAsm to place single rectangular footings, and then click OK, as shown in Figure 4.

Figure 4: Select Footing Dialog Box

3.

Set the following parameters on the Place Footing ribbon as shown in Figure 5: •

Placement: By Member

•

System: A2 > U02 > Structural > Footings

Figure 5: Place Footing Ribbon



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4.

Select all the columns in Unit U02 and then click the Accept button on the Place Footing ribbon, as shown in Figure 6.

Figure 6: Selecting the Columns for Placing Footings

Note: •

5.

Select the supporting plane if the footing type you have selected requires it, and then click the Accept button on the Place Footing ribbon. The software disables this option if the footing type you have selected does not require a supporting surface to be defined.

Click the Finish button on the Place Footing ribbon to place the footings, as shown in Figure 7.



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Figure 7: Finish Button on the Place Footing Ribbon

Steps for Placing Single Footings by Point: Place single rectangular footings on all the columns in Unit U04 by using the Place Footing command. The view of the model after placing the single footings on the columns should resemble the highlighted areas in Figure 8.



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Figure 8: Final Output – After Placing Single Footings

1.

Define your workspace to display A2 > U04 and the coordinate system U04 CS, and switch to the Structure task, if not in the Structure task.

2.

Click the Place Footing button on the vertical toolbar. The Place Footing ribbon appears.

3.

On the Place Footing ribbon, select the By Point option in the Placement drop-down list to place the footing at a specified point, as shown in Figure 9.

4.

In the Type drop-down list, click the More… option to choose the type of footing, as shown in Figure 9.


5.

The Select Footing dialog box appears. In the dialog box, browse to the Assemblies hierarchy and select RectPierFootingAsm to place rectangular footings, and then click OK, as shown in Figure 10.



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6.

On the Place Footing ribbon, click the More… option in the System drop-down list as shown in Figure 11. The Select System dialog box appears. Select A2 > U04 > Structural > Footings system.


7.

Identify the points where you want to place the footings and then click the Accept button on the Place Footing ribbon, as shown in Figure 12.

Figure 12: Selecting Points to Place the Footings



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8.

Selecting the supporting plane smartstep is not required for this footing type. The software will automatically activate the Select Plane smartstep, if it is required by the footing type you have selected. After you have selected a surface, the command will take you to the Finish state. The software disables this option, if the footing type you have selected does not require a supporting surface.

9.

Click the Finish button on the Place Footing ribbon to place the footings.

Steps for Placing a Combined Footing by Member: Place a combined rectangular footing on the columns in Unit U03 by using the Place Footing command. The view of the model after placing the combined footing on the columns should resemble Figure 13.

Figure 13: Final Output – After Placing the Combined Footing 1.

Define your workspace to display A2 > U02 and coordinate system U02 CS.

2.

Delete all the footings that you placed in the previous procedure.

3.

Click the Place Footing button on the vertical toolbar.

4.

Select the By Member option in the Placement drop-down list, as shown in Figure 14.

5.

In the Type drop-down list, click the More… option to choose the type of footing.

Figure 14: Place Footing Ribbon 6.

The Select Footing dialog box appears. In the dialog box, browse to the Assemblies hierarchy, select Pier And Slab Combined FootingAsm folder, click



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RectPierAndSlab_CombFootingAsm, and then click OK, as shown in Figure 15.

Figure 15: Select Footing Dialog Box 7.

On the Place Footing ribbon, click the More… option in the System drop-down list and select A2 > U02 > Structural > Footings.

8.

Select the two columns on the West side to place the footing and then click the Accept button on the Place Footing ribbon, as shown in Figure 16.

Note: •

You must select at least two columns to place a combined footing.



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Figure 16: Selection of Columns for Placing a Footing 9.

Select Grade Elevation (0 Ft) from the Workspace Explorer as the supporting plane, as shown in Figure 17.

Figure 17: Selecting the Supporting Plane

Note: •

The software disables the Select Plane option if the footing type you have selected does not require a supporting surface to be defined.



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10. Click the Accept button on the Place Footing ribbon. The view of the model will

resemble Figure 18.

Figure 18: Sketch of the Combined Footing 11. Click the Finish button on the Place Footing ribbon to place the footing.

Steps for Placing a Combined Footing by Point: Place a combined rectangular footing at the bottom of columns in Unit U02 by using the Place Footing command. The view of the model after placing the combined footing on the columns should resemble Figure 19.



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Figure 19: Final Output – After Placing Combined Footing

1.

Define your workspace to display A2 > U02 and the coordinate system U02 CS and switch to the Structure task.

2.

Click the Place Footing button on the vertical toolbar.

3.

Set the following parameters on the Place Footing ribbon: • Placement: By Point • System: A2 > U02 > Structural > Footings

4.

In the Type drop-down list, click the More… option to choose the type of footing that you want to place.

5.

In the Select Footing dialog box, browse to the Assemblies hierarchy, select Slab Combined FootingAsm folder, click RectSlab_CombFootingAsm, and then click OK to place the combined rectangular footing, as shown in Figure 20.



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6.

Identify four points at the bottom end of the remaining four columns where there is no footing and then click the Accept button on the Place Footing ribbon.

Note: •

You must select at least two columns to place a combined footing.

•

Select the supporting plane if the footing type you have selected requires it, and then click the Accept button on the Place Footing ribbon. The software disables this option if the footing type you have selected does not require a supporting surface to be defined.

7.

Select Grade Elevation (0 Ft) from the Workspace Explorer as the supporting plane.

8.

Click the Finish button on the Place Footing ribbon to place the footing.

For more information related to footings, refer to the Implementing Footings: An Overview topic in the user guide StructureUsersGuide.pdf.



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SP3D Structure Tutorial: Designed Solids

Session 18: Designed Solids Objective: By the end of the session, you will be able to: • Understand / Connect the relationships, rotate shapes with arrow keys on the keyboard / order shapes. • Use Boolean operations in solids.

Prerequisite Sessions: • •

SP3D Overview SP3D Common Sessions

Overview: The place designed solids command is used to create customized solids for concrete in structure modeling and for equipment modeling. Solids will enable the user to use Add, Subtract and Suppress Boolean operations that will assist in creating complex shapes. Designed equipment command should be used to place the designed solid in the model. Multiple designed solids can be placed under single designed equipment. Multiple designed equipments also can be placed under single designed equipment. A shape must be a child of the designed solid in order for the software to compute the weight and center of gravity. Weight and center of gravity of the designed solid is the sum of all the shapes underneath the designed solid. Order Shapes controls the order in which the designed solid's shapes are processed by the software, which can be very important when a shape that cuts material from the designed solid overlaps a shape that adds material to the designed solid. The designed solid could look very different depending on which shape, the cut or the add, the software processes last. This dialog box is activated by Operators List

on the Modify Designed Solid ribbon.

Theory Solids are basically a container for a collection of Shapes. Solids have Surface Area and Volume properties, which will allow users to compute Weight and Center of Gravity (CG). However, in order to compute the Weight and CG, a material must be defined on the Occurrence tab of the Solid. Material density is required to compute the weight of the Solid. The density value for a material can be extracted from the catalog when the user supplies a Material Type and a Material Grade. (Note: Material properties only apply to Designed Solids placed in the “Simple physical” or “Detailed physical” aspects.) © Copyright 2009 Intergraph Corporation


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To place a Solid, a Designed Equipment or a Designed Equipment Component must first be placed in the model. Then, the Solid can be placed as a child of the Designed Equipment or the Designed Equipment Component. At this point, Shapes can be added underneath the Solid. (Note: You can have multiple Solids under one Designed Equipment or Designed Equipment Component. You can also have multiple Designed Equipment Components under one Designed Equipment).

A Shape must be a child of a Solid in order to compute Weight and CG. The Weight and CG properties will be summed up for all Shapes underneath a Solid for a total Weight and CG of the Solid itself. For example, Shape A + Shape B + Shape C + Shape D + Shape E = Total Surface Area, Volume, Weight and CG of the Designed Solid. If there is more than one Solid underneath a Designed Equipment parent, these Solids can also be summed up to give a Total Weight and CG for the Designed Equipment. For example, Solid A + Solid B + … + Solid X = Total Weight and CG of the Designed Equipment. The icon shown on the Shape in Workspace Explorer will represent an Add, Subtract or Suppress operation. By default, the operation performed on a Shape at placement time is Add. During placement time or after placement, the user can change the operation to Subtract Shape or Suppress Shape using the horizontal ribbon bar.

You can think of the Add Shape and Subtract Shape operations as Boolean operations. For example, see A and B below: A B © Copyright 2009 Intergraph Corporation


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If we were to Add Shape B to Shape A, the result would be merging the two shapes into one as shown below:

Similarly, if we were to Subtract Shape B from Shape A, the result would be removing the crosssection of Shape B from Shape A as shown below:

The Suppress Shape operation is unique from the Add Shape and Subtract Shape operations. This operation is used for creating construction geometries for reference when placing other Shapes. The Shape itself is not included in the Solid. Therefore, it will not affect Weight and CG calculations. In the screenshot below, the cylinder is suppressed, and it can only be seen when it is selected.

In the next screenshot, the center point of the cylinder is used as a reference for placing the cube.



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glyph that you see is the SmartSketch Center point glyph. There are many more glyphs The like this one that are very useful when positioning Shapes. These glyphs can be turned on and off through SmartSketch tab on the Tools -> Options dialog.



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Therefore, a Shape that is a child of a Solid is unique. Add Shape, Subtract Shape and Suppress Shape operations can be performed on them, and they are used to calculate Surface Area, Volume, Weight and CG of a Solid. In the image shown below Shape A + Shape B – Shape C – Shape D = Total Surface Area, Volume, Weight and CG of Designed Solid.



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Place designed solids 1.

Open a session file.

2.

Define your workspace to include the A2 U05 and CS U05 CS system.

3.

Activate the PinPoint toolbar by selecting Tools -> PinPoint or by pressing in the ribbon bar and change the coordinate system from Global to U05 CS in the ribbon bar. If the U05 CS is not shown in the pull down list. Then go to More and select U05CS by expanding the CS. Select the reposition target and select the highlighted U05 CS. Your view should resemble the following graphic.

Notes: You can place two types of equipment, Catalog Equipment (sometimes just called equipment) and Designed Equipment. Designed equipment is given a type when it is created to determine the property set. It is then modeled by placing standard equipment components from the Catalog, shapes. Equipment components are similar to equipment in that they are defined in the Catalog, but are required to be a direct system child of a piece of equipment or designed equipment. Shapes are simply parametric geometry with no other properties. The geometry of a shape can also be imported from SAT files or MicroStation files. For organizational purposes in complex equipment models, you can define Designed Equipment Component that consists of shapes 4.

Expand the fly-out toolbar and press the icon on the vertical toolbar to start the Place Designed Equipment command. Expand Equipment -> Civil and select Miscellaneous. Press OK. © Copyright 2009 Intergraph Corporation


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5.

In the Design Equipment Properties dialog, choose Solids as the System and give a User Defined name of SlabWithDrain. Press OK.

6.

Place the Designed Equipment at E: -60 ft, N: -20 ft and EL: 0 ft.

Notes: • If the design equipment or an equipment component is not selected, you will be prompted to select the design equipment parent for the equipment component. • If the designed equipment is already selected when you click the Place Equipment Component button, then that equipment will automatically be used as the system parent without a prompt. • If an equipment component is selected when you click the Place Equipment Component button, then the designed equipment of that equipment component will be used by default. 7.

Expand the Fly-out by holding down the Designed Equipment Component

icon on the vertical toolbar. Select the Place

icon.

8.

Select SlabWithDrain as the parent.

9.

In the Select Equipment Component type dialog, choose any Equipment Component. The type of the Component does not matter. This dialog can be customized through the catalog to suit your needs. For example, expand \Equipment Components\Process Components\Attachments\Vessel Platform\Vessel Platform and press OK.

10. In the Designed Equipment Component Properties dialog, make sure the Equipment property is set to SlabWithDrain. Name the Component Slab and press OK. See image below



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11. Place Slab at E: -60 ft, N: -20 ft and EL: 0 ft. 12. Expand the Fly-out by holding down the Designed Solid

icon on the vertical toolbar. Select the Place

icon.

13. Choose Slab as the parent. Rename the Solid to SlopedSlab. 14. Go to Edit Properties. Properties window will show up. Set the Material Type and Grade to Concrete and Fc 3000 for Solids, SlopedSlab. Your workspace explorer should resemble the following graphic.

15. Hold down the Place Shape command in the vertical toolbar until the Place Shape dialog appears. Select RectangularSolid from the Shapes dialog. Choose SlopedSlab as the parent of the Shape. 16. In the Shape Properties dialog, set A to 25 ft, B to 40 ft, and C to 1 ft 6in. Name the RectangularSolid as Base Concrete. Press OK. © Copyright 2009 Intergraph Corporation


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17. Place the Shape at E: -60 ft, N: -40 ft and EL: 0 ft. 18. Select RectangularSolid from the Shapes dialog. Choose SlopedSlab as the parent of the Shape. Your view should resemble the following graphic.



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19. Hold down the Place Shape command in the vertical toolbar until the Place Shape dialog appears. Select Prismatic Shape the Shape.

from the Shapes dialog. Choose SlopedSlab as the parent of

20. Choose SlopedSlab. Shape properties window will show up. Select the Cross-Section tab. See the image below.

21. Choose Rectangle from the Cross Section pull down menu and enter the value for A = 6 in and B = 1 ft 6 in. Enter cardinality = 9. You view should resemble the following graphic.



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22. Select the top edges of the Base Concrete. Name the Prismatic Shape as “Curb” and hit the finish. Your view should now resemble the following graphic. Hit Finish.



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Notes: The Place Equipment ribbon has controls to help you graphically position the equipment relative to other geometry in the model. You do this by defining one or more positioning relationships between geometry on the equipment and geometry or position in the model. The positioning relationships can be used during initial placement or to modify the position of existing equipment. These positioning relationships are maintained as you edit your design. When a relationship is made between equipment and other environment objects, the relationship only controls the position of the equipment. However, if the relationship is created between equipment, then the positions of both are controlled by the relationship. You can move the equipment subject to the constraints on the movement defined by the positioning relationships. The Delete Relationship button on the equipment edit ribbon removes the relationship. When you add a relationship, the currently selected equipment will move subject to other existing positioning relationships. You add a relationship by picking the New Relationship option and select the relationship type. You can edit existing relationships by selecting it in the relationship control. Relationship types: Mate: The Mate relationship is applied between a surface on the equipment and a surface or reference plane in the model. The Mate relationship orients the objects such that the outer surface of the first object is placed against or offset from the outer surface of the second object. The offset distance between the surfaces is defined on the Offset field on the Place Equipment ribbon. © Copyright 2009 Intergraph Corporation


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While placing catalog equipment using the mate relationships, the foundation port of the equipment is used as the mating surface by default.

Align: The Align relationship is contextual. If planar faces are selected, Align is performed such that the faces lie on the same plane with their surface normal pointing in the same direction. This is opposite of a Mate relationship.

23. Select Curb from the workspace explorer. From the smart toolbar choose New Relationship. Choose “Mate” as the new relationship.

24. Select the plane as shown in the following graphic.



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25. Select the top face of Base Concrete and your view should resemble as shown in the graphic below,

26. Your graphic should resemble as shown below.



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27. Select the EccentricRectangularPrism 001 from the shapes dialog box as shown below in the image.

28. Choose SlopedSlab as the parent of the Shape. 29. In the Shape Properties dialog, set A to 24 ft, B to 39 ft, C to 2 ft, and D to 25 ft and E to 1 ft 5 in. Name the EccentricRectangularPrism 001 as “Subtract Concrete”. Press OK.



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30. Your view should now resemble the following graphic



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31. We need to rotate the Shape to place it correctly. This can be done before placement time using the Arrow keys on the keyboard. 32. Press Up arrow key once and then press left arrow key once. Your view should resemble the following graphic.

33. Place the Shape at E: -47 ft 6in, N: -40 ft and EL: 9 in. © Copyright 2009 Intergraph Corporation


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34. In the ribbon bar, change the Add Shape operation to a Subtract Shape operation.

35. Your view should resemble the following graphic.

36. Select Subtract Concrete from the workspace explorer. From the smart toolbar choose New Relationship. Choose “Mate” as the new relationship and key in -1 ft 5 in as the offset value.

37. Move your mouse over the SlopedSlab and it should highlight Subtract Concrete and click the left mouse button once at the location as shown in the figure. Your view should now resemble the following graphic.



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38. Select 2 from the quick pick. 39. Select the Base Concrete. Your view should now resemble the following graphic.



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40. After selecting the highlighted plane, Mate Relationship will apply to the Base Concrete and Subtract Concrete. Your view should resemble the following graphic.

41. Hold down the Place Shape command in the vertical toolbar until the Place Shape dialog appears. Select RectangularSolid from the Shapes dialog. 42. Choose SlopedSlab as the parent of the Shape. 43. In the Shape Properties dialog, set A to 4 ft, B to 4 ft, and C to 4 ft and enter the name as “Sump”. Press OK



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44. While looking in the Plan Plane, use the Up arrow keys (if needed) to change the axis of rotation and use the Left or Right arrow keys to rotate the shape until the point of placement is the center of the rectangle. a.

Looking Plan View

45. Place the Shape at E: -47 ft 6 in, N: -57 ft and EL: 2 ft 2 in. 46. Change back to the Looking Plan view. Create a Connect Relationship at the point shown below and click to place the Shape. Your view should resemble the following graphic. © Copyright 2009 Intergraph Corporation


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47. Change the view back to isometric. Select the Sump and add mate as the new relationship. Select the top face of the Sump and your view should resemble the following graphic.

48. Select the bottom face of the Base Concrete. Your view should resemble the following graphic. © Copyright 2009 Intergraph Corporation


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49. Once the mate relationship has been applied, your view should resemble the following graphic.

50. Change back to the Plan Plane view and start the Place Shape command again. © Copyright 2009 Intergraph Corporation


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51. Select RectangularSolid from the Shapes dialog 52. Choose SlopedSlab as the parent of the Shape and make the following additions as shown in the image below.

53. Press the up arrow key once and then left arrow key once. 54. Place the Shape at E: -47 ft 6 in, N: -57 ft and EL: -2 ft 8 in. 55. In the ribbon bar, change the Add Shape operation to a Subtract Shape operation.



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56. Change back to the Looking isometric view. Create a Connect Relationship at the point shown below and click to place the Shape. Your view should resemble the following graphic.

** Lines shown within this image are used only for visual enhancement of the object. 57. Select the opening and in the ribbon bar enter offset value as -0 ft 5 in.

58. Select the top face of the Opening, select 2 from the quick pick. Your view should resemble the following graphic.



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59. Select the surface of the Subtract Concrete. Your view should resemble the following graphic.

60. Once the mate relationship has been applied, your view should resemble the following graphic.



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61. The finished hierarchy in Workspace Explorer should look like the following with the exception of the Shape Names.

Order Shapes 62. Order Shapes controls the order in which the designed solid's shapes are processed by the software, which can be very important when a shape that cuts material from the designed solid overlaps a shape that adds material to the designed solid. The designed solid could look very different depending on which shape, the cut or the add, the software processes last. This dialog box is activated by Operators List

on the Modify Designed Solid ribbon.

63. Select the Sloped Slab in the workspace hierarchy. Click on the Operators List and Order Shapes dialog box should appear. Your view should resemble the following graphic.



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64. Your view should resemble the following graphic for the sloped slab.

65. Select the Opening in the dialog box and hit the “Up”. Your view should resemble the following graphic.



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66. Hit Apply. Hit Cancel. 67. Your view should resemble the following graphic for the sloped slab.

68. Select the Opening in the dialog box and hit the “Down”. Your view should resemble the following graphic.



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69. Hit Apply. Hit Cancel. Properties 70. Now we can see the Surface Area, Volume, Weight and CG values for the SlopedSlab.. 71. SlopedSlab with the Sump and without the Sump weight can be computed using suppress option. 72. Select SlopedSlab in Workspace Explorer and go to the Properties page. 73. Change the Category dropdown to Weight and CG and set Dry WCG Origin to Computed. Press Apply.

74. Change the Category dropdown to Standard.



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Suppress 75. Select SlopedSlab in Workspace Explorer. 76. In the ribbon bar, select the Operators List

icon.

77. The Order Shapes dialog will appear. Notice that the order of the Shapes in the dialog is the same as the order in which the Shapes were placed.



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78. Change the operator type to Suppress for Sump and Opening. Hit OK. Your view should resemble the following graphic.

79. Workspace hierarchy should resemble the following graphic.



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80. Select SlopedSlab in Workspace Explorer and go to the Properties page. 81. Change the Category dropdown to Weight and CG and set Dry WCG Origin to Computed. Press Apply.

82. Change the Category dropdown to Standard.



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SP3D Structure Tutorial: Placing an Equipment Foundation

Session 19: Placing an Equipment Foundation Objective: By the end of this session, you will be able to: • Place an equipment foundation.


SP3D Overview SP3D Common Sessions Structure: An Overview SP3D Equipment Sessions

Overview: You can place equipment foundations by using the Place Equipment Foundation command. The equipment foundation design object creates standard foundations for equipment as defined in the Catalog. The equipment foundation types in the Catalog can either generate just the geometry for the foundation as a whole, which is similar to the concept of stairs, ladders, and handrails, or create and position other design objects automatically, such as structural members with their own identity and design information. The equipment foundation design object controls the properties that you can edit on the design objects it creates, such as members. Figure 1 shows an equipment foundation in which: •

The green object indicates the equipment.

•

The red highlight indicates the equipment pad.

•

The blue object indicates the legs and support of the foundation.

The gray object indicates the floor, an input to the equipment foundation rather than a component of the foundation.

Figure 1: Equipment with an Equipment Foundation

All equipment foundation types are placed in the same way. When equipment has single foundation port, you identify the equipment and the mounting surface for the foundation, such as a floor or a wall. However, if the equipment has more than one foundation port, then you identify the foundation port directly and the mounting surface for the foundation.



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The foundation port provides the equipment mounting bolt hole pattern and position information. The equipment foundation type uses this information to size the foundation.

Steps for Placing an Equipment Foundation: Place an equipment foundation on the pumps, Pump-001 and Pump-002, in Unit U01 by using the Place Equipment Foundation command. The view of the model after placing the equipment foundation should resemble Figure 2.

Figure 2: Final Output – After Placing the Equipment Foundation

Before beginning the procedure for placing the equipment foundation: •

Define your workspace to display Unit U01 and the coordinate system U01 CS and switch to the Structure task.

•

On the Common toolbar, click the Fit button to fit the view on the screen, and then use the Common Views command to orient the view such that pumps are visible.

1.

Click the Place Equipment Foundation button on the vertical toolbar.



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Figure 3: Place Equipment Foundation Button

2.

Select the pumps, Pump-001 and Pump-002 located in Unit U01 to place the equipment foundation.

Figure 4: Selecting the Pumps

Note: • 4.

In the Type option on the Place Equipment Foundation ribbon, the system automatically selects the default foundation defined in the reference data.

Click the Accept button on the Place Equipment ribbon. The view of the model will resemble the view displayed in Figure 5.



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Figure 5: Accept Button on the Place Equipment Foundation Ribbon

5.

On the Place Equipment Foundation ribbon, click the More… option in the System drop-down list and select the A2 > U01 > Structural > Miscellaneous system.

6.

Deselect the By Rule check box.

7.

In the Type drop-down list, click the More… option to select the equipment foundation

Figure 6: Place Equipment Foundation Ribbon

Tip: •

6.

If you want the software to select the equipment foundation based on the default foundation defined for the equipment part, select the By Rule option. The default foundation for the equipment appears in the Type box.

In the Select equipment foundation dialog box, navigate to the Assemblies hierarchy, select the Block and Slab Foundation Assembly folder, click BlockAndSlabEqpAsmWithOptionalPlane, and then click OK, as shown in Figure 7.



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Figure 7: Select Equipment Foundation Dialog Box

The next step is to specify the supporting plane for the equipment foundation. Some equipment foundations do not require you to locate the supporting plane. The foundation automatically finds the surface that is closest under the equipment foundation. Other equipment foundations do not locate a supporting surface at all, but require you to enter the height manually. The command will prompt you for the surface if the selected foundation type requires it. You will see on the Create ribbon that the surface selection smartstep is active. 7.

Select the slab on the grade as the supporting plane for the equipment foundation, as shown in Figure 8.


8.

Click the Finish button on the Place Equipment Foundation ribbon to place the equipment foundation.

Note: •

You can edit the properties of the equipment foundation by activating the Equipment Foundation Properties dialog box. You can see a picture of the foundation that shows the meaning of the dimensions by clicking the Preview button in the Equipment Foundation Properties dialog box.



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Figure 9: Equipment Foundation Properties Dialog Box

For more information related to placing an equipment foundation, refer to the Managing Equipment Foundations: An Overview topic in the user guide StructureUsersGuide.pdf.



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SP3D Structure Tutorial: Structural Analysis: An Overview

Session 20: Structural Analysis: An Overview Objective: By the end of this session, you will be able to: •

Identify the analysis tasks that can be performed using the Structural Analysis task in SP3D.



Overview: The Structural Analysis task allows you to create separate analysis models for all or portions of the physical model and export the model to third-party stress analysis programs. The analysis model is a non-graphical, logical grouping of boundary conditions, load combinations, and member parts. You send this information to an analysis program in a CIMsteel Integration Standard (CIS) file. A CIS file contains all the necessary data for a third-party program to create a finite element model. You can import section size changes defined in the stress analysis program, but all other editing of the structural model must be done within SP3D. The analysis workflow is summarized in Figure 1.

Figure 1: Analysis Workflow © Copyright 2009 Intergraph Corporation


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The primary tasks involved in the structural analysis workflow are: 1.

Creating an analysis model - All data to be analyzed in a structure is gathered and exported based on analysis models. You can define multiple analysis models. After a model is created, it is displayed on the Analysis tab in the Workspace Explorer. An analysis model has a fixed hierarchy of boundary conditions, load combinations, members, and load cases, as shown in Figure 2.

Figure 2: Analysis Tab in the Workspace Explorer

Only member parts assigned to an analysis model are written to the CIS file. You can assign members to the analysis model by using a Standard Plant Filter. The analysis model filter is applied to the entire database, regardless of your current workspace definition. When an analysis model is deleted, all load combinations and boundary conditions associated with the model are deleted. Member parts with loads are moved to the list of unassigned members in the Analysis hierarchy, until they are assigned to another analysis model. The member parts are not deleted from the model. © Copyright 2009 Intergraph Corporation


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2.

Defining member releases - Member releases are defined as properties on a member part and are relative to the local coordinate system of the member. Member releases remain the same for all analytical models that include the specific member part. You can set the release properties when you place a member by using the Properties or Settings command on the Place Linear Member ribbon. The default properties for the next member placement would be the last used properties. You can select multiple member parts and edit the releases with single edit.

Tip: • 3.

You can create a Tool Tip that displays the member releases when the cursor is positioned over the member.

Defining boundary conditions to be included in the analysis model – Boundary conditions are defined for each analytical model. It sets six degrees of freedom—X, Y, Z, RX, RY, and RZ—relative to the global coordinate system. A unique indicator displayed at the end of each member indicates the type of boundary condition. Indicators for fully fixed and RX, RY, and RZ fixed supports resemble Figure 3.

Figure 3: Indicator for Fixed Supports

Indicators for supports where RX, RY, RZ, or a combination of the three moment directions are released resemble Figure 4.

Figure 4: Indicator for Three Moment Directions

Tip: • 4.

You can create a Tool Tip to display the details of the boundary condition releases.

Defining load cases, load combinations, and loads to be included in an analysis model – A load case is a grouping of loads that have the same source category and source type. The default Catalog provides the common source category and source type identifications. A load combination is a grouping of load cases with the assigned multiplication factor for each load case. Stress results for the structure can be calculated for each load combination. Load cases and load combinations appear in the Workspace Explorer under the analysis model, as shown in Figure 5.



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Concentrated or distributed loads are placed on physical members. You can place multiple loads on a member. These loads appear below the member on which they are placed, as shown in Figure 5. The Load Placement or Modification ribbons allow you to specify the load magnitudes and choose the load type, case, and direction. After loads are placed, you can edit any property, except the load type (which can be concentrated or distributed). You can also delete any individual load, if required.

Figure 5: Load Combinations and Load Cases in the Workspace Explorer

5.

Creating a CIS file – You need to create a CIS file to be analyzed and designed by a thirdparty application by selecting the File > Export > Analytical Model command. The export uses a mapping file to create a CIS file with the section and material names that the thirdparty analysis application will understand.

6.

Updating member section sizes: You update member section sizes in the structure, based on the third-party application analysis by using the Update from Analysis/Design command on the vertical toolbar. Importing will only update the section sizes.



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For more information related to structural analysis, refer to the following topics in the user guide StructuralAnalysisUsersGuide.pdf:

Structural Analysis: An Overview Understanding the Structural Analysis Workflow: An Overview Exporting and Importing Analytical Data: An Overview Working with Loads: An Overview Defining Supports and Releases: An Overview You can access StructuralAnalysisUsersGuide.pdf from StructuralAnalysisPrintGuide.htm. • • • • •

Quiz: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Which objects can be placed or modified using the Structural Analysis task? What are the steps involved in structural analysis? What is an analysis model? What happens to the load cases when you delete a load combination? What happens to the loads when you delete a load case? What changes can you import from analysis?



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SP3D Structure Tutorial: Creating an Analysis Model

Session 21: Creating an Analysis Model Objective: By the end of this session, you will be able to: •

Create an analysis model in a structure and export to a third-party analysis program.


SP3D Overview SP3D Common Sessions Structural Analysis: An Overview

Overview: An analysis model is a logical collection of member parts, load cases, load combinations, boundary conditions, and end releases. Once you create the analysis model, you can export it to a third-party analysis program for stress analysis. You can edit section sizes in the analysis program and then import the section size changes to update your SP3D model. All other modifications to the structural model such as addition and deletion of members or modification to the member positions should be done in the SP3D model and exported again to the third-party analysis program for stress analysis. Creating and exporting an analysis model to a third-party analysis program includes performing the following tasks: 1.

2. 3. 4. 5.

Create an analysis model with the New Analysis Model command. In SP3D v2007, you can only create one analysis model. Multiple analysis models will be supported in the future. Create load cases and load combinations and then, place loads. Define end releases. Define boundary conditions. Create a mapping file by using the New Mapping File command. You create an XML mapping file for the section names, and optionally material names, used in SP3D and the third-party analysis application.

Procedure for Creating an Analysis Model: Create an analysis model for Unit U02. Create a load case and load combination and place distributed loads on the structure. The view of the model after creating the analysis model should resemble Figure 1.



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Figure 1: Final Output - Analysis Model

Steps for Creating an Analysis Model and Defining the Structure to Include in the Analysis Model: 1.

Define your workspace to include only the structural objects from Unit U02. Name your filter Analysis-101.

2.

Make sure the Analysis tab is visible in the Workspace Explorer. If the Analysis tab is not visible, navigate to Tools > Options > General and select Analysis under the Tabs to display… list. Click OK on the warning message, switch to the Catalog Task, and then click the Structural Analysis tab. Ensure that the Analysis tab is visible.

3.

Click on the Analysis tab at the bottom of the Workspace Explorer to view the analysis model objects.

4.

Click the New Analysis Model button on the vertical toolbar, as shown in Figure 2.



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Figure 2: New Analysis Model Button on the Vertical Toolbar

5.

The Analysis Model Properties dialog box appears, as shown in Figure 3. a.

In the Name field, specify a name for the analysis model. If you do not specify a name, SP3D generates a name based on default naming rule.

b.

In the Description field, specify a description for the analysis model.

c.

In the Frame Type field, select a frame type. The options that appear for this property are defined in the Catalog and can be customized by the Catalog administrator.

d. In the Analysis Method field, select an analysis method. The options that appear for this property are defined in the Catalog and can be customized by the Catalog administrator. e.

In the Coordinate System field, select a coordinate system. Coordinates written to the CIS/2 file will be relative to this coordinate system.

f.

In the Selection Filter field, select a filter that identifies the members to include in the analysis model. You can either create a new filter or select an existing one. Typically, you will select a filter that is stored under the Plant Filters rather than using a personal filter.

Make the following modifications in the Analysis Model Properties dialog box: • Name: Analysis Model • Description: Analysis Model for Training • Frame Type: Space Frame • Analysis Method: Static Elastic 1st Order • Coordinate System: Global • Selection Filter:Analysis-101



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Figure 3: Analysis Model Properties Dialog Box

6.

Click OK.

After creating the analysis model, you can place loads, define boundary conditions, and end releases for the analysis model.

Steps for Creating a Load Case: 7.

Click the New Load Case button on the vertical toolbar, as shown in Figure 4.

Figure 4: New Load Case Button on the Vertical Toolbar

8.

The New Load Case dialog box appears, as shown in Figure 5. a.

In the Name field, specify a name for the load case or use the default name rule.



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b.

In the Source Category field, select a source category for the load case. The options available for this property are defined in the Catalog and can be customized by the Catalog administrator.

c.

In the Source Type field, select a source type for the load case. Options that appear in the Source Type field depend on the option that you select in the Source Category field. The options available for this property are defined in the Catalog and can be customized by the Catalog administrator.

In this case, create three load cases. Click the Apply button to save each load case before entering next load case. Set the parameters as follows: First load case (Refer to Figure 5): • Name: Dead • Source Category: Permanent • Source Type: Dead

Figure 5: New Load Case Dialog Box

Second load case (Refer to Figure 6): • Name: Live • Source Category: Variable Long Term • Source Type: Live



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Figure 6: Second Load Case

Third load case (Refer to Figure 7): • Name: Wind • Source Category: Variable Short Term • Source Type: Wind



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Figure 7: Third Load Case

9.

Click OK.

You have now created load cases for the analysis model. Next, you will create load combinations for the analysis model.

Steps for Creating a Load Combination: 10. Click the New Load Combination button on the vertical toolbar, as shown in Figure 8.

Figure 8: New Load Combination Button on the Vertical Toolbar

11. The New Load Combination dialog box appears, as shown in Figure 9. Under the General tab, in the Name field, key in a name for the load combination.



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Figure 9: New Load Combination Dialog Box

12. Click the Load Cases tab in the New Load Combination dialog box. On the Load Cases tab, click inside the first row under Load Case and select load cases to add to the load combination.

Figure 10: First Load Combination-Load Cases Tab



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In this case, create two load combinations. Set the parameters as follows: First load combination (Refer to Figures 9 and 10): • Name: COMB1 • Load Cases: o Dead, Factor: 1.0 o Live, Factor: 1.0 Second load combination (Refer to Figures 11 and 12): • Name: COMB2 • Load Cases: o Dead, Factor: 0.75 o Live, Factor: 0.75 o Wind, Factor: 0.75

Figure 11: Second Load Combination-General Tab



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Figure 12: Second Load Combination-Load Cases Tab

13. Click OK. After creating the load cases and load combinations for your analysis model, you place loads on the model. You can place two types of loads: a.

Concentrated load - A concentrated load is applied at a user-defined location along the member's length.

b.

Uniformly distributed load - A uniformly distributed load is applied along the entire member length or between two points on the member. The load per unit length can be constant or can vary linearly from the start to the end.

Steps for Placing Loads: 11. Click the Place New Distributed Load button on the vertical toolbar, as shown in Figure 13. You can use the Place New Distributed Load command to place a load distributed along the full or partial length of a member.



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Figure 13: Place New Distributed Load Button on the Vertical Toolbar

12. The Place New Distributed Load ribbon appears. On the Place New Distributed Load ribbon, set the following parameters: • • • • • • • •

Load Case: Dead Load: Force Z Reference: Global Position As: Relative Start Position: 0 End Position: 1 (Position is defined as a decimal fraction of the length) Start Magnitude: -0.65 kpf End Magnitude: -0.65 kpf

Figure 14: Place New Distributed Load Ribbon

Notes: •

The Load field defines the direction of the load using the reference specified in the Reference field. The Reference field has three options: Local, Global, and Projected Global. Local option is relative to the member’s local coordinate system. Global option is relative to the model’s global coordinate system (not the active coordinate system). The Projected Global load option applies the load to the projection of the member on the plane perpendicular to the global direction specified and acting in the direction specified as shown in Figure 15.




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•

The Position As field defines how the start and stop positions are specified. If you select the Relative option in the Position As field, the start and end positions are defined as the fraction of the member length. If you select the Absolute option in the Position As field, the start and end positions are defined as actual distance from the member end.

•

You can define the location of the start and end positions graphically on one member by clicking on the start and end point smartsteps after selecting the member. This graphic option works best if you use it when applying a load to just a member.

•

The Start Magnitude and End Magnitude fields allow you to define a constant or linearly varying load per unit length.

13. Select the members on which to place the load. In this case, select all the beams at an elevation point of 18 ft.

Figure 16: Beams at Elevation 18 ft

14. Click Accept and then click Finish on the Place New Distributed Load ribbon. The view of your model should now resemble Figure 17.



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Figure 17: Loads Placed on Beams at Elevation 18 ft

15. Now, place distributed loads on beams running north-south at elevation 30 ft. Set the parameters as follows: • • • • • • • •

Load Case: Dead Load: Force Z Reference: Global Position As: Relative Start Position: 0 End Position: 1 Start Magnitude: -0.10 kpf End Magnitude: -0.10 kpf





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Figure 19: Beams Running North-South at Elevation 30 ft

16. Change the Magnitude to –0.200 kpf and apply this to the four primary beams running east-west at elevation 30 ft. 17. Change the Load Case to Live and Magnitude to -.220 kpf and apply the load to the interior framing members and to the four primary beams running east-west at elevation 30 ft. The view of your model should now resemble Figure 20.



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Figure 20: Structure After Placing Loads

You can set boundary conditions and end releases on the members in the structure. This procedure can be done before or after you define the loads.

Steps for Setting Boundary Conditions: 17. Click the Set Boundary Condition button on the vertical toolbar.

Figure 21: Set Boundary Condition Button on the Vertical Toolbar



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18. Select the frame connection at the end of the member where you want to place the boundary condition. In this case, select the frame connections on the first floor beams to place the boundary condition. Switch to the Elevation view so that the frame connections can be selected by using fence. 19. Make the following modifications on the Boundary Conditions ribbon: a.

In the Select drop-down list, select All, as shown in Figure 22.

b.

In the Type drop-down list, select Fix: X, Y, Z, RZ, as shown in Figure 22.

c.

Click Accept and then click Finish, as shown in Figure 22.

Figure 22: Boundary Conditions Ribbon


Figure 23: Structure After Defining Boundary Conditions



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Perform the following steps to define the end releases on the members: 20. Click the Select button on the vertical toolbar.


21. Select Member Parts in the Locate Filter drop-down list.

Figure 25: Locate Filter Drop-Down List

22. Right-click on the perimeter beam at elevation 18 ft and click Properties. 23. The Member Part Prismatic Properties dialog box appears. Select the Member Part tab, as shown in Figure 26. 24. In the Category option, select End Releases, as shown in Figure 26. 25. Set Start Member Release and End Member Release to Free: Z, RY, RZ.



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Figure 26: Member Part Prismatic Properties Dialog Box

26. Click OK. After you have created the analysis model, you can export it to a third-party analysis application. SP3D and the third-party application may use different names for the same section or material. SP3D will create the output using the names required by the third-party analysis application based on the information you provide in the mapping file. You create the mapping file by using the New Mapping File command.

Steps for Creating a Mapping File: Typically, you will only have to create a mapping file once for use with your analysis software. You simply reuse the mapping file. 27. Click File > New Mapping File command, as shown in Figure 27.



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Figure 27: File > New Mapping File…Menu Command

28. The New Mapping File dialog box opens, as shown in Figure 28. Make the following modifications in the New Mapping File dialog box. a.

In the Section standard drop-down list, select the section standard for the mapping file. In this case, select AISC-LRFD-3.1.

b.

Optionally, select Include material to write material names to the mapping file.

c.

Specify the new mapping file name in the Mapping file field. Click Browse to browse to a folder location and enter a name for the new mapping file. In this case, save this file in the Symbols share folder and name it Model1.xml. Putting the mapping file in the Symbols share folder will make the file available to everyone even when you are working in a global workshare configuration.

Figure 28: New Mapping File Dialog Box

29. Click OK.



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Edit the resulting mapping file to have the mapping information for the analysis software you use. After defining the analytical model with loads, end conditions and boundary conditions, and creating the mapping file, you export the model to a third-party analysis application for analysis. The stress results are reviewed in the third-party analysis application.

Steps for Exporting an Analysis Model: 30. Click the File > Export > Analytical Model… command, as shown in Figure 29.

Figure 29: File > Export > Analytical Model…Menu Command

31. The Export Analytical Model dialog box appears. Make the following modifications in the Export Analytical Model dialog box: a.

In the Name drop-down list, select the analysis model to export.

b.

Key in your name in the Author field and your organization name in the Organization field. In this case, key in Student in the Author field and Training in the Organization field.

c.

Under the Paths section, in the CIS File field, specify the new file name for the CIS file. You can click Browse to browse to the folder and enter the name. In this case, save the file as Analysis Model.stp on your C drive.

d. Select the check box next to Include mapping file to output data using the mapping file information. In the Mapping file field, specify the mapping file to use. You can click Browse to browse to the file. In this case, select the mapping file that you had created, Model1.xml.



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e.

In the Log file field, specify the log file. You can click Browse to browse to the folder location and enter the file name. In this case, save the file on to your C drive as Analysis Model.log.

Figure 30: Export Analytical Model Dialog Box

32. Click OK. You have now made the analysis model that you created in SP3D available to third-party analysis applications. The third-party analysis application can import this data file to create an analysis model. You can make edits to the section sizes in the third-party software and then export the model in CIS file format. You can preview the differences in the section sizes and member content defined in this file and your current analysis model by using the Update from Analysis/Design command.

For more information related to creating an analysis model, refer to following topics in the user guide StructuralAnalysisUsersGuide.pdf:

• • • •

Create an Analysis Model New Analysis Model Command New Load Case Command New Load Combination Command



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• • • •

• •

Place New Concentrated Load Command Place New Distributed Load Command Set Boundary Condition Command New Mapping File Command Export Analytical Model Command Update from Analysis/Design Command



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SP3D Structure Tutorial: Analysis Interfaces

Session 22: Analysis Interfaces Objectives: By the end of this session, you will be able to: • •

Export the model for analysis. Update member size changes made by external analysis software.


SP3D Overview SP3D Common Sessions Structural Analysis: An Overview Creating an Analysis Model

Overview: An analysis model is a representation of the physical model and loads. Loads are used for the analysis of structural finite element stress. An analysis model consists of structural members, member end releases, connection nodes, loads, load cases, and load combinations. SP3D exports the analysis model in CIMsteel Integration Standard file format (CIS/2) for processing by external analysis software packages. Changes in the member size can be imported using the same standard. After creating an analysis model, you can perform the following tasks: • • •

Create a mapping file, which typically an administrator creates. Export the analysis model to an external analysis and design program for analysis. Update the analysis model by using the Update from Analysis/Design command. This command only updates section size changes to members whose identities match those in the CIS/2 file being imported.

Creating a Mapping File: The analysis model is sent to a third-party program, which sometimes uses different names for member section sizes and materials. You create a mapping file to automatically generate the names in the CIS/2 format file that the external application will interpret. You must create a mapping file before exporting an analysis model and the same mapping file can be used again for importing the model. Once created, it can be used repeatedly. There are four kinds of mapping: • Section mapping • Material mapping • Member type mapping • Slab type mapping



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To create a mapping file, click the File > New Mapping File… command. This command creates an XML mapping file. You can specify the SP3D section standard table to be the output of the mapping file and the mapping file name in the New Mapping File dialog box, as shown in Figure 1. The mapping file created by the New Mapping File… command is a template. The SP3D does not write the third-party names to the mapping file because these names differ for the analysis applications. You need to edit and maintain the appropriate third-party application mappings in the file.

Figure 1: New Mapping File Dialog Box

Exporting the Analysis Model: After creating a mapping file, you can export the SP3D analysis model to a third-party program using the CIS/2 analysis model format. You can lock the members and loads exported for modifications by changing the Status property of the object to In review or Approved. This locking prevents you from making accidental changes while the model is being analyzed.

Tip: •

Right-click the analytical model and select the Select Nested command. All the objects related to the analytical model are selected. You can edit the object status of all the objects by using this command.

When you export the analysis model, the software creates an identity for each member that is the output for the CIS/2 format file. This identity is maintained and used by the external analysis program. As a result, you can update the analytical model that has been previously exported. To export the analytical model from SP3D, on the File menu, point to the Export option, and click the Analytical Model… command. Clicking this command displays the Export Analytical Model dialog box where you can specify properties, such as Name, Author, Organization, Coordinate system, and CIS File. You need to specify the name of the analysis model to export the name of the person who created the CIS file, the organization name, the coordinate system that you use, and the path of the CIS file using these properties, as shown in Figure 2.



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Figure 2: Export Analytical Model Dialog Box

Notes: • •

•

An analysis model is associated with a CIS/2 file. As long as you maintain the analytical model within SP3D, you can regenerate the CIS/2 file at any time with consistent identities of objects. This means you can create a new CIS/2 file and use it to update an analytical model in the third-party analysis package. When the Include mapping file option is selected, the software uses the mapping file you identify in the Mapping file field when creating the CIS/2 file.

Update from the Analysis Model: After performing the analysis and making design changes to the model, the third-party program can export the analytical model to a CIS/2 format file. This file can maintain the identities of elements that it read while importing. You can import this model to update the sizes of physical member sections. In the Structural Analysis task, clicking the Update from Analysis/Design button on the vertical toolbar opens the Update from Analysis/Design dialog box. This dialog box allows you to read a CIS/2 file that contains all the analysis and design results from a third-party program. In the Update from Analysis/Design dialog box, you can specify properties, such as the name and path of the CIS file to import results back into the analysis model. Figure 3 shows the Update from Analysis/Design dialog box and the properties that you can specify in it.



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Figure 3: Update From Analysis/Design Dialog Box

Notes: •

• •

•

You can only update member section sizes. Member topological changes, new loads, new load cases, and new load combinations cannot be read from CIS/2 files by using the Update from Analysis/Design command. You cannot update members if you do not have Write access to the members. To use a mapping file while exporting and importing analytical data, you can select the option Include mapping file in the Export Analytical Model and Update from Analysis/Design dialog boxes. As you select this option, you can specify the mapping file to be used. The Update Options are Preview and Update. The Preview option gives you a chance to see what members are modified or missing before you update the database. These options identify members that currently exist in the SP3D model. The term sections refers to the members whose section sizes as defined in the CIS/2 file are modified, not modified, or not available in the SP3D Catalog.

For more information related to interfacing with the analysis and detailing software, refer to

Exporting and Importing Analytical Data: An Overview topic of the user guide StructuralAnalysisUsersGuide.pdf.

Quiz: 1. 2. 3. 4.

Which command enables you to import an analysis model? Why do you need a mapping file? Why do you lock members while exporting an analysis model? What can you update from analysis model?



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SP3D Structure Tutorial

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