This is a book about directional drilling. Pretty good book.
Directional Drilling
Oil well directional drilling fundamentalsFull description
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Calculo de perforacion direcional - perfoDescripción completa
Directional Drilling training curriculumDescripción completa
Directional Drilling training curriculum
Directional Drilling training curriculumFull description
Directional Drilling by Ir. Kaswir Badu
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DIRECTIONAL DRILLING
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Todo acerca de perforación direccionalFull description
Example BHA Tally Directional Drilling 12.25 SectionDescripción completa
Example BHA Tally Directional Drilling 8.5 SectionDescripción completa
Course material for directional drilling problem and solutions
Directional Drilling
Course material for directional drilling problem and solutionsFull description
Présentation Générale de Sonatrach Présentation Générale de Sonatrach Présentation Générale de Sonatrach Présentation Générale de Sonatrach Présentation Générale de SonatrachFull description
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INTRODUCTION TO HYDROCARBON EXPLOITATION Development Phase
Introduction to Hydrocarbon Exploitation Directional Drilling Section By Pratap Thimaiah
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The Reasons Reasons for Directional Directional Drilling: Drilling: – Side tracking existing wells – Restricted surface locations – Reaching Multiple targets – Reduction in number of offshore platforms – Horizontal drilling – Thin reservoirs – Environmental foot print – Avoiding salt domes – Geological requirements – To avoid gas and water conning – Intersecting fractures – Re-entry of existing wells
g n i l l i r D l a n o i t c e r i D y g o l o n h c e T g n i l l i r D
UTM (Universal Transverse Mercator) Mercator) (Figure 11.6 pg 382-Rabia) – Grid used to cover the world except for the polar regions. – Based Based on 60 zones, zones, each each is 6 deg degree rees s of longitude wide ad extends from 80 degree S to 84 degree N latitude . – Meters is the unit of measurement. – Greenwich meridian is chosen as the zero degree reference meridian.
g n i l l i r D l a n o i t c e r i D y g o l o n h c e T g n i l l i r D
It is ref referr erred ed to as true north north or a tru true e azi azimut muth. h. Geographic Geographi c north points to the north pole and indicated by the polar star. By conven conventio tion n it is referre referred d to as a sta starr on UTM grid
Badgerr Bit (Jet Deflectio Badge Deflection) n) – Usin Using g full fluid power directed directed through through one enlarged enlarged nozzle of b it.
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– Bit lowered lowered into assembly assembly with a non magnetic magnetic drill collar and stabilizer – Orie Oriented nted bit with Enlarged Enlarged nozzle nozzle is poin pointed ted in requ required ired direction. direction. – By pumping pumping through the bit while while the string is rotated-washed rotated-washed pocket – Continuo Continuous us jetting jetting working working on pipe. – Used mai mainly nly in soft soft formations formations..
INTRODUCTION TO HYDROCARBON EXPLOITATION Development Phase
Deflection Tools
Whip stock– Stee Steell wedge run run in the hole and set set at KOP.
– Standard removable used removable used for side tracking and kick off wells. – Permanent Permanent whipstock whipstock is designed to remain permanently in hole. To bypass junk or collapsed casing
g n i l l i r D l a n o i t c e r i D y g o l o n h c e T g n i l i r D
g n i l l i r D l a n o i t c e r i D y g o l o n h c e T g n i l l i r D
Rebel Tool – Designed Designed to to give bit push push either either push to left or right. – Too Tooll body has has a groove groove cut along along its length inside which is a torsion bar. – Rod is free free to rotate rotate and has a curved curved paddle connected on either end. – Paddl Paddles es pivot in the the milled milled recesses recesses in tool body. – When the the top paddle paddle rotates rotates to to low side of hole, it is forced into its recess. – Inw Inward ard forc force e on top paddl paddle e is transmitted through torsion rod and causes caus es an outward force on botto bottom m paddle. – Bottom paddle paddle then then projects projects laterally laterally against the formation.
INTRODUCTION TO HYDROCARBON EXPLOITATION Development Phase
Deflection Tools Rebel Tool
Advantages – Mak Makes es gradual gradual changes changes in direction direction – Allows Allows normal normal rotary drillin drilling g – Chea Cheaper per than downhol downhole e motors
g n i l l i r D l a n o i t c e r i D y g o l o n h c e T g n i l i r D
INTRODUCTION TO HYDROCARBON EXPLOITATION Development Phase
Deflection Tools-PDM Components
Dump Valve – By pass valve valve that allows allows the drill string string to fill up or drain when tripping.
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Motor Assembly – consists consists of lined stator stator which contains contains a spirally spirally shaped cavity cavity or elliptical section. – Soli Solid d steel steel spiral spiral shaft. shaft. – Top end is free, free, lower end end fixed to connecti connecting ng rod.
Connecting rod – Equi Equipped pped with with universal universal joint joint at each end – Acc Accommoda ommodates tes eccentric eccentric rotation rotation of rotor and transfers transfers to drive shaft.
Bearing Assembly – Consists Consists of thrust thrust & radial bearings bearings to allow smooth smooth rotation – Driv Drive e shaft is is connected connected to bit bit sub
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Some PDMs PDMs are multistage motors. Drilling fluid is is pumped pumped through the motor and forced between rotor & stator cavity. Rotation transferred by drive shaft to the bit. To deviate deviate a well, well, a bent bent sub must be run above the PDM. Above the bent Above bent sub sub an orienting device such as steering tool or MWD is accommodated
INTRODUCTION TO HYDROCARBON EXPLOITATION Development Phase
Deflection Tools-PDM
Bent sub – Short Short length length or collar sized sized pipe pipe – Axis of lower lower connectio connection n is slightly slightly offset from vertical – Sizes of of 1 to 3 degrees degrees are commo common. n.
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Advantages using PDM – – – –
accurate accurat e control over over deviation deviation Less Les s risk risk of dog dog legs legs Can be used used to build build or drop drop angles angles Can be designe designed d to operate operate in high high solids or with LCM.
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Type of of mud motor motor which which turns bit without drill string rotation. Can be powered by liquid liquid drilling fluids. Bladed rotors & stators stators mounted at right angles to fluid flow. Rotors attached attached to drive drive shaft, while stators to outer case. Rotor-stator Rotorstator pair is called called stage. There are 75 to 250 stages typically.
INTRODUCTION TO HYDROCARBON EXPLOITATION Development Phase
Bottom Hole Assembly
BHA refers to combination combination of collar collars, s, stabilizers stabilizers and other tools run above bit. BHA designed designed to build, drop drop or hold.
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Packed Hole Assembly – DC and stabilizers stabilizers so positioned positioned to reduce bending bending and keep bit straight. – Botto Bottom m stand is made made as stiff stiff as possible. possible. – Shor Shortt DC and reamers reamers or stabilise stabilisers rs used
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Pendulum Assembly – Unsupporte Unsupported d weight of DC to force force the bit against against low side side of hole. – Resul Resulting ting decrease decrease or drop off in angle depends depends on WOB, rpm, stabilization stabilization – To increas increase e tendency tendency to drop: drop:
Apply less less WOB More pump pressure pressure in soft formations Use bigger Monel DC below reamer reamer and smaller DC above.
Fulcrum Assembly – Always Always run run a reamer reamer near near bit – When WOB WOB is applied, the DCs above above reamer reamer will tend to bend against against low side of hole, making reamer act as a fulcrum ,forcing the bit upwards. – Rate of build-up build-up depends upon WOB,siz WOB,size e of collars, position position of reamer and stabilization above reamer. – To incr increase ease build:
More WOB Smaller size size Monel Less rpm and pump rates in soft formations formations