PLUMBING SYSTEMS 2-Design of Domestic Water Supply and Distribution System

PLUMBING SYSTEMS-2 (Design of Domestic Water Supply and Distribution System)

Design of Domestic Water Supply and Distribution System General Requirements Of Water Supply System: Only potable water shall be supplied to fixtures and equipment at which water is provided for purposes, such as drinking, cooking, food preparation, washing of dishes and kitchen utensils. The system shall be designed from the based on the per capita supply, the below tables explains explains about the water consumption per person per day at different applications. The tables are taken from National Building Code-2005

Design of Domestic Water Supply and Distribution System General Requirements Of Water Supply System: Only potable water shall be supplied to fixtures and equipment at which water is provided for purposes, such as drinking, cooking, food preparation, washing of dishes and kitchen utensils. The system shall be designed from the based on the per capita supply, the below tables explains explains about the water consumption per person per day at different applications. The tables are taken from National Building Code-2005

In dwellings the resident's water consumption is divided between the many appliances. A typical percentage break down provided by the Environment Agency is: 1. WC suite 32% 2. washing machine 12% 3. Kitchen sinks 15% 4. Bath 15% 5. Basin 9% 6. Shower 5% 7. Outside supply 3% 8. Miscellaneous Miscellaneous 9%

Water Supply for Fire Fighting Purposes The Authority shall make provision to meet the water supply requirements for fire fighting in the city /area, depending on the population density and types of occupancy. Source of Water Corporation or Municipal water Tube or Bore well water Tanker water Recycled or Gray water • •

• •

Water Demand And Estimate Load

Design of water supply pipes are based upon a) The number and kind of fixtures installed b) The fixture unit flow rate and c) The probable simultaneous use of these fixtures.

TOILET

9.0

BRANCH.8SIZING

BRANCH.910.0 SIZING Fixture Load per Unit Total Load

Item

No of Fixtues

EWC's Health Faucet

3 3

1

Urinal

0

2

Wash Basin

3

2

1

Toatl Fixture Load

3

1

0

3

0

1

0

0

Urinal

0

2

0

6

Wash Basin

3

2

6

Toatl Fixture Load

8.0 Fixture Load per Unit Total Load

Item

No of Fixtues

EWC's Health Faucet Urinal Wash Basin

5

1

5

5 0 0

1 2 2

5 0 0

20

Fixture Load per Unit Total Load

Item

No of Fixtues

EWC's Health Faucet Urinal Wash Basin

2

1

2

2 0 0

1 2 2

2 0 0

Toatl Fixture Load

mm dia

mm dia

BRANCH.7SIZING

10

25

6

The pipe suitable for the above fixture load

mm dia

BRANCH.6SIZING



0

25

Toatl Fixture Load

No of Fixtues

EWC's Health Faucet

12


7.0

Item


4

20

mm dia

5.0

BRANCH.4SIZING

6.0

Item EWC's

No of Fixtues 0

Fixture Load per Unit 1

Total Load 0

Item EWC's

No of Fixtues 8

Health Faucet Urinal

0 0

1 2

0 0

Health Faucet Urinal

8 0

1 2

8 0

Wash Basin

3

2

6

Wash Basin

3

2

6

Toatl Fixture Load

BRANCH.2SIZING

4.0

Toatl Fixture Load The pipe suitable for the above fixture load

Fixture Load per Unit Total Load 1 2 1 2 2

2 0 0

32

Item EWC's Health Faucet Urinal Wash Basin

No of Fixtues 0 0 5 4

Toatl Fixture Load

mm dia

mm dia

BRANCH.3SIZING

4

20

22


mm dia

20

Item No of Fixtues EWC's 2 Health Faucet 2 Urinal 0 Wash Basin 0

Fixture Load per Unit Total Load 1 8

Toatl Fixture Load

6


3.0

BRANCH.5SIZING


Fixture Load per Unit Total Load 1 0 1 2 2

0 10 8

18

25

mm dia

1.0

HEADER SIZING

2.0 Fixture Load per Unit Total Load

Item

No of Fixtues

EWC's Health Faucet

13

1

13

13

1

Urinal

5

Wash Basin

7

Toatl Fixture Load The pipe suitable for the above fixture load

BRANCH.1SIZING

Item

No of Fixtues


5

1

5

13

EWC's Health Faucet

5

1

5

2

10

Urinal

0

2

0

2

14

Wash Basin

0

2

0

Toatl Fixture Load

50

40

mm dia


NOTE : Please refer the above sheet for selection of diameter based on the fixture Load

10

25

mm dia

Type of distribution System: 1. 2. 3. 4.

Direct Supply Direct Pumping. Gravity System Hydro Pneumatic System

Direct Supply: Water supply to the required point is through the municipal direct supply, This system is applicable when there is continuous supply from the source. This system is adopted when adequate pressure is available round the clock at the topmost floor. With limited pressure available in most city mains, water from direct supply is normally not available above two or three floors.

Direct Pumping : Water is pumped directly into the distribution system without the aid of any overhead tank, except for flushing purposes. The pumps are controlled by a pressure switch installed on the line. Normally a jockey pump of smaller capacity installed which meets the demand of water during low consumption and the main pump starts when the demand is greater. The start and stop operations are accomplished by a set if pressure switches are installed directly on the line. In some installation, a timer switch is installed to restrict the operating cycle of the pump.

Gravity System: This is the most common of the distribution systems adopted by various type of buildings.

Hydro pneumatic System : Hydro-pneumatic system generally eliminates the need for an over head tank and may supply water at a much higher pressure than available from overhead tanks particularly on the upper floors, resulting in even distribution of water at all floors

HYDROPNEUMATIC SYSTEM Mansion Floor (Separate Pressure Pump) Service Floor 32nd Floor

Domestic Water Down Take Flushing Water Down Take

HIGH Level Riser

Domestic Water Rising Main Flushing Water Rising Main Domestic Water UG Sump

25rd Floor

Sewage Treatment Plant Flushing Water Over Head Tank Domestic Water Over Head Tank

MIDDLE Level Riser

Pressure Reducing Valves (PRV Typical A to detail)

LOW Level Riser Water Supply - Ring Main at 4th Floor Ceiling

BASEMENT

1st

FLOOR

GF

UG SUMP

Domestic water supply Hydropneumatic Pumps

Floor Floor

Flush water supply Hydro-pneumatic Pumps

STP

MAJOR DIFFERENCES BETWEEN HYDRO PNEUMATIC & GRAVITY SYSTEMS SNO

HYDRO PNEUMATIC SYSTEM

GRAVITY SYSTEM

1

This system will ensure the water supply with Where as the atmospheric pressure in the OH tanks, constant pressure Across the taps and water will ensure the water flow with pressure in bottom points. floors, thus not meeting the requirements of top floors, due to the gravity.

2

Reduced load on the bldg columns due to Extra load will be added on the bldg columns due to OHT elimination of OHT

3

One or more parallel pumps are connected Separate pumping arrangement is for filling up the with VFD for constant water supply for whole OH tanks. bldg

4

Constantly changing water consumption pattern make heavy demands on the adoptability of any system, which is not energy efficient in OHT system.

5

Hydro pneumatic system will minimize the Labour required for operating and maintenance cost of the pump maintaining the OHT room

6

The system consists of stainless steel body, It is very difficult to maintain cleanliness and which ensure the water quality and prevents hygienity of the water as the OHT has to be cleaned rusting of equipment, thus maintaining the very often, which again dependent on the labour. hygienic water supply.

7

High end fixtures can be used effectively

In Gravity system, for lower demands, the main pump has to switch on for filling up of OHT with full load, Which is not energy Efficient. filling

up,

cleaning,

and

Low end fixtures to be selected due to minimum pressure available in the view of staging height of OHT

INTERMEDIATE LEVEL STORAGE CISTERN

ZONED SUPPLY SYSTEM

CONVENTIONAL SYSTEM

HOT

WATER

UPFEED

CONVENTIONAL HOT WATER DOWNFEED SYSTEM

HOT WATER INVERTEDUPFEED SYSTEM

WATER DEMAND CALCULATIONS





Water Storage Capacity: When the distribution system is thru gravity, then the following are the tank Capacities UG sump Capacity : 1.5 day capacity OHT capacity : 0.5 day Capacity When The distribution system is thru HPS, then the following are the tank Capacities UG sump Capacity : 2 day capacity and there will not be any OHT tanks.

DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT: The proposed Office Building comprising of two level of parking & six levels of office work stations. The following will be explained briefly SI.NO.

Floors

Details

1

Lower Stilt Floor

Car Parking, Electrical Room, Drivers Rest room & Business Rooms etc.,

2

Upper Stilt Floor

Car Parking & Electrical Room etc.,

3

First Floor

Offices, Server Room, Electrical Room & AHU Room

4

Second Floor


5

Third Floor


6

Fourth Floor


7

Fifth Floor


8

Sixth Floor


9

Terrace Floor

Space for LMR & OHT

WATER CALCULATION SHEET

Sl.No

Description

Occupancy Area/Sqm

Total Population

Water Requirement Total Water Dom per day/Person in requirement/da Water/day in Litres y in lts lts

Flush Water/day in lts

OFFICE BLOCK

1.0

Sixth Floor

2396

10 sqm/person 240

45

10782

30 lpd 7188

15 lpd 3594

2.0

Fifth Floor

2396

240

45

10782

7188

3594

3.0

Fourth Floor

2396

240

45

10782

7188

3594

4.0

Third Floor

2396

240

45

10782

7188

3594

5.0

Second Floor

2396

240

45

10782

7188

3594

6.0

First Floor

2396

240

45

10782

7188

3594

WATER CALCULATION SHEET

Sl.No Description

Occupancy Area/Sqm

Total Population

Water Requirement per day/Person in Litres

Total Water Dom requirement/ Water/day in Flush Water/day day in lts lts in lts

OFFICE BLOCK

1.0 Sixth Floor

2396

10 sqm/person 240

45

10782

30 lpd 7188

15 lpd 3594

2.0 Fifth Floor

2396

240

45

10782

7188

3594

3.0 Fourth Floor

2396

240

45

10782

7188

3594

4.0 Third Floor

2396

240

45

10782

7188

3594

5.0 Second Floor

2396

240

45

10782

7188

3594

6.0 First Floor

2396

240

45

10782

7188

3594

Total

14376

1438

64692

43128

21564

Total Water Capacity Per day in litres Total Sewage Generated (STP CAPACITY) Toatl Effluent Recycle Available Total Domestic Water per day in litres Total Flush Water per

Litres

64692

Litres

56066

Litres

50460

Litres

43128

43128 21564 (80% domestic Water+100% flush Water)

Storage Tank Sizes (Gravity System Distribution) a. Capacity of Raw water sump

32 cum

b. Capacity of Domestic water sump

32 cum

c. Capacity of Treated OHT

22 cum

d. Capacity Of Fire Water Tank

200cum

e. Capacity of Fire OHT Tank

20 cum

f.Capacity of Flush water Tank (OHT)

11 cum

g. Capacity of Soft water Tank

7 cum

Water Tank And Pump Room Design : Types of Design : 1. Positive Suction.: Generally Positive suction means the suction of the pump shall be continuously flooded with water from the water tank or from the source. 2. Negative Suction : Generally in Negative suction the pump shall be place above the water tank, so the priming arrangement shall be done for effective working. Types of Construction: 1. Above Ground. a. Positive suction And Negative Suction b. Negative Suction. 2.

Below Ground. a. Positive Suction b. Negative Suction.

3.

Partially Below Ground. a. Positive Suction b. Negative Suction.

BELOW GROUND POSITIVE SUCTION:

POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE SUCTION :

BELOROUND POSITIVE SUCTION:

External Water Supply:

Building No :2 (Fixture Demand= 100)


FU=(100) With 50 mm dia

FU=50 With 40 mm dia FU=(65+50) With 50 mm dia

FU=65 With 40 mm dia


CENTRALISED OHT FU=(295) With 50 mm dia FU=(80) With 50 mm dia


PLUMBING SYSTEMS 2-Design of Domestic Water Supply and Distribution System

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