Water Supply System

UFC 3-230-19N 8 June 2005

UNIFIED FACILITIES CRITERIA (UFC)

WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS

APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE; DISTRIBUTION UNLIMITED

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UFC 3-230-19N 8 June 2005

UNIFIED FACILITIES CRITERIA (UFC) WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS Any copyrighted material included in this UFC is identified at its point of use. Use of the copyrighted material apart from this UFC must have the permission of the copyright holder.

U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS NAVAL FACILITIES ENGINEERING COMMAND (Preparing Activity) AIR FORCE CIVIL ENGINEER SUPPORT AGENCY

Record of Changes (changes are indicated by \ 1 \ 1 \ ... / 1 /) Change No. 1

Date Dec 2005

Location FOREWORD







































UFC 3-230-19N 8 June 2005 FOREWORD \1\ The Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) system is prescribed by MIL-STD 3007 and provides planning, design, construction, sustainment, restoration, and modernization criteria, and applie s to the Military Departments, the Defense Agencies, and the DoD Field Activities in accordance with USD(AT&L) Memorandum dated 29 May 2002. UFC will be used for all DoD projects and work for other customers where where appropriate. All construction outside of the United States is also governed by Status of forces Agreements (SOFA), Host Nation Funded Construction Agreements (HNFA), and in some instances, Bilateral Infrastructure Agreements (BIA.) Therefore, the acquisition team must ensure compliance with the more stringent of the UFC, the SOFA, the HNFA, and the BIA, as applicable. UFC are living documents and will be periodically reviewed, updated, and made available to users as part of the Services’ Ser vices’ responsibility for providing technical criteria for military construction. Headquarters, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (HQUSACE), Naval Facilities Facilities Engineering Command (NAVFAC), and Air Force Civil Engineer Support Agency (AFCESA) are responsible for administration of the UFC UFC system. Defense agencies should contact the preparing service for document interpretation and improvements. Technical content of UFC is the responsibility of the cognizant DoD working group. Recommended changes with supporting rationale should be sent to the respective service proponent office by the following electronic form: Criteria Change Request (CCR). (CCR) . The form is also accessible from the Internet sites listed below. UFC are effective upon issuance and are distributed only in electronic media from the following source: •

Whole Building Design Guide web site http://dod.wbdg.org/ .

Hard copies of UFC printed from electronic media should be checked against the current electronic version prior to use to ensure that they are current. /1/

AUTHORIZED BY: ______________________________________ DONALD L. BASHAM, P.E. Chief, Engineering and Construction U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

______________________________________ DR. JAMES W WRIGHT, P.E. Chief Engineer Naval Facilities Engineering Command

______________________________________ KATHLEEN I. FERGUSON, P.E. The Deputy Civil Engineer DCS/Installations & Logistics Department of the Air Force

______________________________________ Dr. GET W. MOY, P.E. Director, Installations Requirements and Management Office of the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Installations and Environment)







































UFC 3-230-19N 8 June 2005 CONTENTS

Page CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Paragraph Paragraph

1-1 1-2

APPENDIX A

PURPOSE PURPOSE AND SCOPE .................................................. ....................................................... ..... 1-1 APPLICABILITY........ APPLICABILITY.................................. ................................................... ................................... .......... 1-1

MIL-HDBK 1005/7A, Sep 1999, CH 1 Jan 2001……………… A-1







































UFC 3-230-19N 8 June 2005 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION PURPOSE AND SCOPE. This UFC is comprised of two sections. 1-1 Chapter 1 introduces this UFC. Appendix A contains the full text copy of MIL-HDBK1005/7A, including change 1 of January 2001. APPLICABILITY. This UFC applies to all Navy service elements and 1-2 Navy contractors. GENERAL BUILDING REQUIREMENTS. All DoD facilities must comply 1-2.1 with UFC 1-200-01, Design: General Building Requirements . Requirements . If any conflict occurs between this UFC and UFC 1-200-01, the requirements of UFC 1-200-01 take precedence. SAFETY. All DoD facilities must comply with DODINST 6055.1 and 1-2.2 applicable Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) safety and health standards. NOTE:

All NAVY projects, must comply with OPNAVINST 5100.23 (series), Navy Occupational Safety and Health Program Manual . Manual . The most recent publication in this series can be accessed at the NAVFAC Safety web site: www.navfac.navy.mil/safety/pub.htm . If any conflict occurs between this UFC and OPNAVINST 5100.23, the requirements of OPNAVINST 5100.23 take precedence.

FIRE PROTECTION. All DoD facilities must comply with UFC 3-600-01, 1-2.3 Design: Fire Protection Engineering for Facilities . Facilities . If any conflict occurs between this UFC and UFC 3-600-01, the requirements of UFC 3-600-01 take precedence. ANTITERRORISM/FORCE PROTECTION. All DoD facilities must 1-2.4 comply with UFC 4-010-01, Design: DoD Minimum Antiterrorism Standards for Buildings . If any conflict occurs between this UFC and UFC 4-010-01, the requirements of UFC 4-010-01 take precedence.







































UFC 3-230-19N 8 June 2005 APPENDIX A MIL-HDBK 1005/7A WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS INCORPORATING CHANGE 1 OF JANUARY 2001









































INCH-POUND MIL-HDBK-1005/7A 1 September 1999 __________________ Superseding MIL-HDBK-1005/7 30 November 1988 AFM 88-10, Vol. 1-5

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE HANDBOOK

WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A

ABSTRACT This handbook provides design guidance for use by qualified engineers in designing water supply systems. The handbook includes criteria for determining quantity and quality requirements; selecting source of supply, pumps, and treatment processes and facilities; and for designing distribution and transmission systems, storage facilities, and buildings.







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A

FOREWORD This handbook has been developed from an evaluation of facilities in the shore establishment, from surveys of the availability of new materials and construction methods, and from selection of the best design practices of the Military, other Government agencies, and the private sector. This handbook was prepared using, to the maximum extent feasible, national professional society, association, and institute standards. Deviations from this criteria, in the planning, engineering, design, and construction of Military facilities, cannot be made without prior approval of NAVFACENGCOMHQ Criteria Office Code15, or HQ AF/ILEV, whichever is appropriate. Design cannot remain static any more than can the functions it serves or the technologies it uses. Accordingly, recommendations for improvement are encouraged and should be furnished to Commander, Naval Facilities Engineering Command, Criteria Office. 150 Gilbert Street, Norfolk, Virginia, 235112699. THIS HANDBOOK SHALL NOT BE USED AS A REFERENCE DOCUMENT FOR PROCUREMENT OF FACILITIES CONSTRUCTION. IT IS TO BE USED IN THE PURCHASE OF FACILITIES ENGINEERING STUDIES AND DESIGN (FINAL PLANS, SPECIFICATIONS, AND COST ESTIMATES). DO NOT REFERENCE IT IN MILITARY OR FEDERAL SPECIFICATIONS OR OTHER PROCUREMENT DOCUMENTS.







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A

CIVIL ENGINEERING CRITERIA MANUALS Criteria M anu al /H and bo ok

Ti tle

PA

D M - 5. 4

Civil Engineering Pavements

P ACD IV

M IL- HD BK -10 05 /6

T r a c k a ge

NORTHDIV

MI L-HDBK -1005/7A

Water Supply Systems

N AVF AC Criteria Office

MI L-HDBK -1005/9A

Industrial and Oily Wastewater Co n t r o l


D M -5.10

Solid Waste Disposal

P ACD IV

MIL-HDBK-1005/13

Hazardous Waste Storage


MIL-HDBK-1005/16

Wastewater Treatment System Design Augmenting Handbook


NOTE: Design manuals, when revised, will be converted to military handbooks. Inactive criteria have not been listed.







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A

WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS CONTENTS Page Section 1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3. 1.3. 1.3.1 1.3.1 1.3.2 1.3.2 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5.1 1.5.1 1.5.2 1.5.2 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.8.1 1.9

INTRODUCTION Scope Scope ................. ......................... ................ ............. ..... Canc Cancel ella lati tion on ................ ......................... ............... ...... Source Source of Supply Supply .................... ....... Potabl Potable e Water Water Source Sources s ..................... Nonpot Nonpotabl able e Water Water Source Sources s ................... Quanti Quantity ty Requir Required ed ...................... ... Qual Quality ity ................. ......................... ................ ......... . Potabl Potable e Water Water Qualit Quality y ..................... Nonpotab Nonpotable le Water............................ Water............................ Cost Cost Policy Policy ................... ........... Design Design Policy Policy ...................... ....... Hazard Hazard of War Damage Damage .................... ... Planning for Non-War Emergencies Emergencies .......... ..... ..... Initia Initial l Design Design Invest Investiga igatio tion n ...............

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 3

Section 2 2.1 2.2. 2.2. 2.2.1 2.2.1 2.2.1.1 2.2.1.1 2.2.1. 2.2.1.2 2 2.2.2 2.2.2 2.2.3 2.2.3 2.3. 2.3.1 2.3.1

QUANTITY REQUIREMENTS Factors Factors Affectin Affecting g Use ...................... Specif Specific ic Requir Requireme ements nts ...................... Domest Domestic ic Uses Uses ................... ........... Per Capita Capita Require Requiremen ments ts .................... Contro Controllin lling g Demands Demands ....................... ..... .................. Industr Industrial ial Uses Uses ..................... ....... Fire Fire Protec Protectio tion n Demand Demands s .................... Design Capacity Capacity of System Components Components ....... Source Source of Supply Supply .................... .......

5 5 5 5 6 7 7 7 7









































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A

3.1.4.1 3.1.4.1 3.2 3.2.1 3.2.1 3.2.1. 3.2.1.1 1 3.2.1.2 3.2.1.2 3.2.1.3 3.2.1. 3.2.1.4 4 Section 4 4.1 4.1.1 4.1.1 4.1.2 4.1.2 4.1.3 4.1.3 4.1.3. 4.1.3.1 1 4.1.3.2 4.1.3.2 4.1.3. 4.1.3.3 3 4.1.3.4 4.1.3.4 4.1.3.5 4.1.3.5 4.2 4.2.1 4.2.1 4.2.2 4.2.2

Page Supplementar Supplementary y Investigatio Investigations ns ......... .... .......... ..... 12 Quality Quality Criteri Criteria a .................... ...... 12 Specif Specific ic Criter Criteria ia ...................... .. 12 Domest Domestic ic Uses Uses ............................ 12 Industri Industrial al Uses ..................... ...... 12 Fire Protection Protection and Flushing Flushing Uses ........ ..... ... 12 Sanita Sanitary ry Protect Protection ion ...................... ..... ................. 13 SOURCE OF SUPPLY Select Selection ion of Water Water Source Source .......... ...... Invest Investiga igatio tions ns ...................... ...... Types Types of Source Sources s .................... ...... Factors Factors Affectin Affecting g Selectio Selection n .............. Adequa Adequacy cy of Yield Yield ...................... .. Suitabil Suitability ity for Use .................... .. Confli Conflicti cting ng Uses Uses .................... ...... Water Water Rights Rights ................... .......... Economics Economics of Water Development Development ........... ...... ...... . Munici Municipal pal Suppli Supplies es ...................... .. Qualit Quality y Examina Examinatio tion n .................... .. Rights Rights and Respon Responsib sibilit ilities ies

14 14 14 14 14 14 14 15 15 15 15 15







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A

4.4.3. 4.4.3.5 5 4.4.4 4.4.4 4.4.4.1 4.4.4.1 4.4.4.2 4.4.4.2 4.4.4.3 4.4.4.3 4.5. 4.5. 4.5.1 4.5.1 4.5.2 4.5.2 4.5.3 4.5.3 4.5.3.1 4.5.3.1 4.5.3.2 4.5.3.2 4.5.3.3 4.5.3.3 4.5.4 4.5.4 4.5.5 4.5.5 4.6 4.6.1 4.6.1 4.6.2 4.6.2 4.6.2.1 4.6.2.1 4.6.2.2 4.6.2.2 4.6. 4.6.3 3 4.6.3.1 4.6.3.1

Page Radial Radial Type Type Collec Collector tor ..................... 26 Skimmi Skimming ng Wells Wells ...................... ...... 26 Locatio Locations ns ..................... .......... 26 Construc Construction tion ................... .......... 26 Design Design ...................... ............. 27 Surface Surface Water Water ...................... ...... 27 Existe Existence nce ..................... .......... 27 Inform Informati ation on Requir Required ed .................... .. 27 Evalua Evaluation tion of Supply Supply .................... .. 28 Safe Safe Yield Yield Determi Determinat nation ion .................. 28 Water Water Quality Quality ...................... ...... 29 Limits of Economic Economic Development Development ............ ....... ..... 29 Water Water Rights Rights ................... .......... 30 Waters Watershed hed Protec Protectio tion n ..................... 30 Surfac Surface e Water Water Collec Collection tion Works Works ............. 30 Intake Intakes s .................... ............. 30 Reservo Reservoirs irs ..................... .......... 30 Selecti Selection on ..................... .......... 30 Reservoir Reservoir Site Preparation Preparation .......... ..... .......... ...... . 31 Dams Dams ................. ......................... ................ ............ .... 31 Earthfi Earthfill ll 31







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A

4.7.2.3 4.7.2.3 4.7.3 4.7.3 4.7.3.1 4.7.3.1 4.7.3.2 4.7.3.3 4.7.3.3 4.7.3. 4.7.3.4 4 4.7.4 4.7.4 4.7.4. 4.7.4.1 1 4.7.4.2 4.7.4.2 4.7.4.3 4.7.4.3 4.7.5 4.7.5 4.7.5. 4.7.5.1 1 4.7.5. 4.7.5.2 2 4.7.5.3 4.7.5.3 4.7.6 4.7.6 4.7.6. 4.7.6.1 1 4.7.6.2 4.7.6.2 4.7.6.3 4.7.6.3 4.7.6.4 4.7.6.4 4.7.7 4.7.7 4.7.7. 4.7.7.1 1

Page Outlets Outlets .................... ............. 38 Requir Requireme ements nts ................... .......... 38 Fire Protect Protection ion ................ .......... 38 Waterfront Operational Operational Facilities Facilities ........ ..... ... 38 Graving Graving Docks Docks ............................ 38 All Other Other Uses Uses ...................... ...... 38 Intake Intakes s .................... ............. 38 Locati Location on .................... ............. 38 Seconda Secondary ry Inlet Inlet ......... ................. 38 Screeni Screening ng ..................... .......... 38 Pumpin Pumping g .................... ............. 39 Power Power .................... ............................ ............... ....... 39 Pumps Pumps .................... ............................ ............... ....... 39 Alarms Alarms ...................... ............. 39 Distri Distributi bution on System System .................... .. 39 Pressu Pressure re .................... ............. 40 Materia Materials ls ..................... .......... 40 Valves Valves ...................... ............. 40 Construc Construction tion ................... .......... 40 Corros Corrosion ion and Foulin Fouling g .................. .. 41 Cast Cast Iron Iron 41







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A

5.2.3.3 5.2.3.3 5.2.3. 5.2.3.4 4 5.2.3.5 5.2.3.5 5.2.3.6 5.2.3.6 5.2.3. 5.2.3.7 7 5.2.3.8 5.2.3.8 5.3. 5.3. 5.3.1 5.3.1 5.3.1.1 5.3.1.1 5.3.1.2 5.3.1.2 5.3.2 5.3.2 5.3.2. 5.3.2.1 1 5.3.2.2 5.3.2.2 5.3.3 5.3.3 5.3.3.1 5.3.3.1 5.3.3.2 5.3.3.2 5.4 5.4.1 5.4.1 5.4.2 5.4.2 5.4.2.1

Page Suction Suction Piping Piping ...................... ...... 48 Valve Valves s ..................... ............. 48 Pressur Pressure e Relief Relief Valves Valves .................... 48 Flexib Flexible le Couplin Coupling g ...................... .. 49 Vertic Vertical al Pumps Pumps ...................... ...... 49 Priming Priming Faciliti Facilities es ....................... .. ..................... 50 Power Power ................ ........................ ................ ........... ... 50 Choice Choice of Power Power .................... ...... 50 Types Types of Power Power ...................... ...... 50 Applicat Applications ions ................... .......... 50 Standb Standby y .................... ............. 50 Electr Electric ic Power Power ...................... ...... 50 Internal Internal Combustion Combustion Engines ......... .... .......... ..... 50 Drives Drives ..................... ............. 50 Electri Electric c Drives Drives ......... ................. 50 Selecti Selection on of Other Other Drives Drives ................ 51 Pump Pump Charact Characteri eristi stics cs .................... .. 51 Curves Curves ..................... ............. 51 Head Head and Capaci Capacity ty ........................ 52 Axial Flow, Mixed Flow, Vertical Turbines, Turbines, and Other Centrifuga Centrifugal l Pumps 52







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A

6.1.3.2 6.1.3.2 6.1.4 6.1.4 6.1.5 6.1.5 6.2 6.2.1 6.2.1 6.2.1. 6.2.1.1 1 6.2.1. 6.2.1.2 2 6.2.1.3 6.2.1.3 6.2.2 6.2.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.5.1 6.5.1 6.6 6.6 6.6.1 6.6.1 6.7 6.7.1 6.7.1 6.8 6.8.1 6.8.1 6.8.2 6.8.2 6.9

Page Pilot Pilot Study Study ................... .......... 56 Materi Materials als of Constr Construct uction ion ................ 57 New Device Devices s ................... .......... 57 Screen Screening ing ..................... .......... 57 Types Types and Applic Applicati ation on .................... 57 Coarse Coarse Screen Screens s ...................... ...... 57 Fine Screens Screens ................... .......... 57 Traveli Traveling ng Water Water Screen Screen .................... 57 Materi Materials als of Constr Construct uction ion ................ 57 Aerati Aeration on .................... ............. 57 Sludge Sludge Remova Removal l ...................... ...... 58 Coagul Coagulatio ation n and Sedime Sedimentat ntation ion ............ 58 Materi Materials als of Constr Construct uction ion ................ 58 Filtr Filtrat atio ion n ................ ........................ ................ ........ 58 Filter Filtered ed Water Water Storag Storage e .................... 58 Disinfe Disinfecti ction on ................... .......... 59 Well Well Disinf Disinfect ection ion ...................... .. 59 Soften Softening ing ..................... .......... 59 Soften Softening ing Proces Processes ses ..................... .. 59 Design Design Featur Features es .................... ...... 59 Special Special Treatmen Treatment t 59









































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A

6.12.2 6.12.2.4 .4 6.12.2.5 6.12.3 6.12.3 6.12.4 6.12.4 6.13 6.13.1 6.13.1 6.13.1 6.13.1.1 .1 6.13.1 6.13.1.2 .2 6.13.1 6.13.1.3 .3

Page Safety Safety Precau Precautio tions ns ...................... .. 68 Chemical Feeder Capacity and Standb Standby y Requirem Requirements ents ..................... 69 Sampli Sampling ng .................... ............. 69 Analyti Analytical cal Methods Methods ...................... .. 69 Metering, Instrumentation, and Cont Contro rol l ................. ......................... ................ ........ 69 Guidan Guidance ce .................... ............. 69 Standa Standardi rdizati zation on ......... ................. 70 Equipm Equipment ent Accura Accuracy cy ...................... .. 70 Equipm Equipment ent Ranges Ranges .................... ...... 70







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A

7.1.5.4 7.1.5.4 7.1.5.5 7.1.5.5 7.1.5.6 7.1.5.6 7.1.6 7.1.6. 7.1.6.1 1 7.1.6.2 7.1.6.2 7.1.6. 7.1.6.3 3 7.1.6.4 7.1.6.4 7.1.7 7.1.7 7.1.8 7.1.8

Page Polyvinyl Polyvinyl chloride chloride (PVC) Joints Joints .......... ..... ...... . 92 FRP-TR FRP-TR Joints Joints ...................... ...... 92 Polyethy Polyethylene lene Joints Joints ..................... .. 92 Trenches, Backfill, Anchors and Supp Suppor orts ts ................. ......................... ................ ........ 92 Trench Trench Conditi Conditions ons ...................... .. 92 Bedding Bedding .................... ............. 92 Suppor Supports ts .................... ............. 92 Anchora Anchorage ge ..................... .......... 92 Railro Railroad ad Crossi Crossings ngs ...................... .. 93 Stream Stream Crossi Crossings ngs .................... ...... 93







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A

7.4.2. 7.4.2.2 2 7.4.3 7.4.3 7.4.3.1 7.4.3.1 7.4.3.2 7.4.3.2 7.4.3.3 7.4.3.3 7.5 7.5.1 7.5.1 7.5.1.1 7.5.1.1 7.5.1.2 7.5.2 7.5.2

Page Valve Valve ................. .......................... ................. ........ 102 Appurt Appurtena enance nces s ...................... ..... 102 Operator Operator Shutoff Shutoff Valves and Gates ....... ..... .. 102 Valve Valve Boxes Boxes ................... ......... 102 Valve Valve Vaults Vaults or Manholes Manholes ................. 104 Cross Connections and Backflow Prevention With With Nonpot Nonpotabl able e Suppli Supplies es ................. 105 Backfl Backflow ow .................... ............ 105 Sources Sources .................... ............ 105 Protection Protection Against Contamination Contamination ......... ..... .... 105 Backfl Backflow ow Preven Preventer ters s .................... . 106







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A

8.2 8.2.1 8.2.1 8.2.1.1 8.2.1.1 8.2.1. 8.2.1.2 2 8.2.1.3 8.2.1.3 8.2.2 8.2.2 8.2.3 8.2.3 8.2.4 8.2.4 8.3 8.3.1 8.3.1 8.3.1.1 8.3.1.1

Page Types Types of Storag Storage e .................... ..... 112 Ground Ground Storag Storage e Tanks Tanks .................... . 112 Size Limitati Limitation on ......... ................ 112 Height Height Limitat Limitation ion ...................... . 113 Transmis Transmission sion Line Storage Storage ............... 113 Elevat Elevated ed Tanks Tanks ...................... ..... 113 Underg Undergrou round nd Storag Storage e Tanks Tanks ............... 113 Hydrop Hydropneu neumat matic ic Tanks Tanks .................... . 113 Materi Materials als and Constr Construct uction ion ............... 113 Materi Materials als ..................... ......... 113 Selecti Selection on ..................... ......... 114







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A

Page FIGURES Figure Figure 1

Extrem Extreme e Frost Frost Penetr Penetrati ation on

................ 99

TABLES Table 1 2

Information Required for Design of Water Water Supply Supply System System ...................... 4 Average Potable Domestic Water Requirements Requirements Gallons Per Capita Capita Per Per Day Day ..... .. ... 5









































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A Section 1: 1 1

Scope

INTRODUCTION

This manual presents requirements for the







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A 1.5. 1.5.1 1 Potab otable le Water ater Qual Qualit ity y. Excep cept when hen oth otherw erwise ise permitted by the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery (BUMED), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Safe Drinking Water







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A 1.9 Initial Design Investigation. Develop quantity and quality requirements as the first step in design. Surveys by a competent agency are required to obtain the following data on







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A Table 1 Information Required for Design of Water Supply System







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A Section 2: 2 1

QUANTITY REQUIREMENTS

Factors Affecting Use

Consider the following factors



















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A b) Acce Access ss. . Prov Provid ide e blin blind d flan flange ges, s, hand hand hole holes, s, removable sections, and other types of openings into the piping for cleaning and inspection. c) Prote Protecti ction on Agains Against t Freez Freezing ing. . Perfo Perform rm a detai detailed led analysis to determine if insulation or other type of protection is necessary. Allow for the lower freezing temperature of seawater. d) Prote Protecti ction on Agains Against t Wind Wind Damag Damage. e. Pipes Pipes suspe suspended nded aboveground or on structural supports should be anchored to withstand wind velocities specified for the design of structures (refer to MIL-HDBK-1002 Series, Structural Engineering). e) Prote Protect ctio ion n Agai Against nst Curre Current nt/T /Tida idal l Actio Action. n. Seawa Seawater ter intake structures and piping exposed to current/tidal action should be adequately protected. f) Expa Expans nsio ion/C n/Con ontr trac acti tion. on. Exp Expan ansi sion on/co /cont ntra ract ctio ion n requires detailed analysis to determine if provisions for expansion or contraction are necessary. 4.7. 4.7.7 7 Corros rosion and Fouli uling. Speci pecial al crite riteri ria a relat elated ed to corrosion and fouling are outlined below. 4.7. 4.7.7. 7.1 1 Cast Cast Iron. Iron. Cast Cast iron iron, , whic which h is norm normal ally ly used used for for pumps and piping in potable water systems, is slowly attacked by seawater which removes the iron, leaving a graphite residue (graphitization). In quiescent water, this graphitized layer remains intact and protects against the penetration of water and further corrosion. This protective layer is soft, and high velocity flow in pumps or piping will remove it and expose fresh base metal to high-rate corrosion. Furthermore, the graphite particles are cathodic and can accelerate the corrosion of new cast iron brought into contact with them. 4.7. 4.7.7. 7.2 2 Ceme Cement nt Line Lined d Stee Steel l and and Cast Cast Iron Iron Pipe. Pipe. Usua Usuall lly, y, cement lining is good protection against corrosion. However, the lining can be eroded by high velocity flow of sediment-bearing water, fouling organisms can break the lining away from the pipe wall, and impact and vibration at waterfront







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A 4.7. 4.7.7. 7.3 3 Plas Plasti tic c Pipi Piping. ng. Ther There e is no sign signif ific ican ant t corr corros osio ion n problem in the use of plastic piping and the pipe is not as susceptible to fouling as other nontoxic materials. Plastic pipe should be protected from ultraviolet radiation and properly supported when installed in exposed locations. When installed underground backfilling with selected material must be specified in order to prevent prevent surface gouging. PVC piping for drinking has become suspect by the EPA (refer to 40 CFR Part 141.50). 4.7. 4.7.7. 7.4 4 Copp Copper er Base Based d Mater Materia ials. ls. Copp Copper er base based d mate materi rial als s are are commonly used on ships and other floating structures to overcome both corrosion and fouling. Costs and the rough use that this type of pipe will receive at shore installations may preclude its use in extensive distribution distribution systems and particularly in large diameter pipes. Copper based materials are susceptible to corrosion by hydrogen sulfide. 4.7. 4.7.7. 7.5 5 Cathod Cathodic ic Protec Protectio tion n. Deta Detail ils s for for cath cathod odic ic prot protec ecti tion on design are given in MIL-HDBK-1004/10, Cathodic Protection. MILHDBK-1004/10 deals with cathodic protection for all buried metallic structures including water supply lines and storage tanks. For additional information refer to AWWA Manual M27 External Corrosion, Introduction to Chemistry and Control, latest edition. This type of protection will probably control corrosion economically at the intake piping and structures, and in some cases may be feasible to use for protecting transmission lines. Consideration must be given to the effect on adjacent buried utilities. 4.7. 4.7.7. 7.6 6 Foul Foulin ing. g. A foul foulin ing g prob proble lem m will will exis exist t in all all saltwater handling systems. Fouling organisms may reduce corrosion by protecting the base material or accelerate it by breaking up protective coatings or corrosion films. Some barnacles are capable of penetrating bituminous coatings up to 1/4-in.) thick. An important important additional additional point is that fouling organisms obtain a more secure hold on hard smooth surfaces than soft material. For example: a)

Barna Barnacl cles es adhe adhere re stro strongl ngly y to to sta stainl inles ess s stee steel. l.

b)

Foulin Fouling g organ organis isms ms can can b be e f fai airly rly easi easily ly remo remove ved d







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A c) Comm Common on pro prote tect ctiv ive e pain paints ts, , (non (nonan anti tifo foul ulin ing) g) wit with h hard, glossy finishes afford good foundations for fouling organisms while soft paint finishes do not. 4.7.7.7

C on t r o l o of f F o u l i ng

a) Fine Fine Scree Screenin ning. g. This This meth method od redu reduce ces s the the numb number er of organisms entering the system; however, most fouling growths attach themselves at an early growth stage when they are small enough to pass through fine screens. b) Chem Chemica ical l Treat Treatme ment. nt. Chlo Chlorin rinat atio ion n is the the most most common treatment used in saltwater handling systems, and is recommended. Chlorine cannot protect the sections of piping upstream of the point of application unless back-flushing is feasible. The method is fairly successful in piping or circulation systems. It may be relatively expensive to add a large dosage of chlorine to large volumes of water. This is often overcome by slug-feeding at high rates about 10 percent of the time of operation. Copper sulfate may also be useful in controlling fouling. c) Antifo Antifouli uling ng Pain Paints ts. . These These paint paints s are in very very common use for protection of exposed material. Almost all antifouling paints utilize copper because of its toxicity to waterborne organisms. Antifouling paints must be separated from a ferrous base metal by a primer coat to prevent interaction between copper and iron. d) Velo Veloci city ty Cont Contro rol. l. Abov Above e certa certain in velo velocit citie ies s fouling organisms cannot anchor themselves on piping and/or pumps. Below the following approximate velocities, fouling will occur: PIPE MATERIAL

Glass Plastic Steel Cement lining

LIMITING VELOCITY (approx. fps) 7 8 11 15







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A 4.7. 4.7.7. 7.8 8

Comb Combin ined ed Cont Contro rol l of of Cor Corro rosi sion on and and Fou Fouli ling ng

a) Desi Desire red d Prot Protec ecti tion on. . On most most syst system ems, s, it is recommended that multiple protection be provided. A typical system would have an intake protected by a traveling screen, chlorination, and corrosion resistant or lined piping. b) Copp Copper er Base Base Mate Materi rial al. . Not Not comm common only ly used used due due to cost and the inability to stand rough handling.







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A Section 5: 5. 1

PUMPS

Pumping Installation Planning

5.1. 5.1.1 1 Information Required. See Table 8 for the detailed data needed for design of pumping installations. Table 8 Information Required for Pumping Installation Planning CATEGORY Purpose of service

Piping layout Demand requirements

Static tic lift req require iremen ments Liq ui d ch ara ct er ist ic s

P o we r a v a il a b l e

DETAILED DATA AND INFORMATION Transmission of water from water source. Pumping in the distribution system. Pumping to elevated storage tank. Pumping for fire protection. Booster pumping. Pumping service at treatment plant. Other miscellaneous pumping services. Lengths, sizes, fittings. Maximum demand: Mgd or gpm. Average demand: Mgd or gpm. Minimum demand: Mgd or gpm. Variation in demand. Effect of storage on demand rates. Static su suction he head or or li lift Static discharge heads Specific gravity Temperature Vapor pressure Viscosity pH Chemical characteristics Solids content Type Characteristics









































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A 5.1. 5.1.3 3 Pump Pumpin ing g Arra Arrang ngem emen ents. ts. Sele Select ct the the pump pumpin ing g arr arrang angeme ement based on the types, applications, and limitations listed in Table 9.

Table 9 Applications and Limitations of Pumping Arrangements TYPE OF ARRANGEMENT B ypa ss in g t he disc discha harg rge e (al (all l or or par t)

Multiple pumps in parallel operation

WHERE TO USE Not to be used for normal oper operat atio ion n in in a larg large e installation, except during emergency when other arrangements are inoperative Use this arrangement as a normal installation

In t e r m i t te n t p u m p in g with with stora storage ge rese reserv rvoir oirs s riding on hydraulic gradient Ma n u a l o r au to m a t i c s p e e d v a r i a ti o n t o

LIMITATIONS Waste of power

R e q u ir e s m u l t ip l e pumps, and possibly jockey pump to pressurize system at low demands

Use this arrangement wher wherev ever er pos possi sibl ble e

Use only if detailed cost study indicates

Usually expensive







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A 5.1. 5.1.4. 4.2 2 Multip Multiplele-Pu Pump mp Inst Instal alla lati tion. on. Use Use this this arra arrang ngem emen ent t normally; determine the capacity of each pump from a detailed study of various combinations to meet variations in demand. Provide at least three pumps. The necessary station capacity should be available with the largest pump out of service. 5. 2

Selection and Installation of Pumps

5.2. 5.2.1 1 Types and and Applicat cations. Refe Refer r to Pumpin ping Manu anual, T. C. Dickenson, 9th Edition, or Hydraulic Institute Standards for information regarding proper application of pump types. Pump characteristic tables are provided in the Pumping Manual. 5.2. 5.2.2 2 Pump ump Sele Selec ction. tion. Seek Seek cata catalo log g info inform rmat atio ion n and and guid guidan ance ce of several pump manufacturers in selecting a particular pump. Refer to Table 10 for the factors involved. Table 10 Factors in Pump Selection ITEM Pump characteristics

Pump construction

DETAILS AND FACTORS Capacity range (gpm) Discharge head range (feet) Characteristic curve (steepness, kinks) Efficiency Power input Speed (rpm) Specific speed Suction requirements Conform to standards of Hydraulic







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A 5.2. 5.2.3 3 Inst Instal alla lati tion on Requ Requir irem emen ents. ts. Use Use appl applic icab able le sect sectio ions ns in the Hydraulic Institute Standards. Some typical pump stations are shown in American Civil Engineering Practice, Volume 2. 5.2. 5.2.3. 3.1 1 Pump Pump Locati Location on. . Exce Except pt for for subm submers ersib ible le sump sump pump pumps, s, pump drives should not be placed in a pit or other location subject to flooding. flooding. Wherever possible, locate pumps pumps so there is a positive suction head. 5.2. 5.2.3. 3.2 2 Pipin Piping g Arran Arrangem gement ent. . Wher Wherev ever er possi possibl ble e provi provide de loop loop headers or otherwise arrange piping for minimum interruption of service due to any one piping break. Where fire demand water is furnished, arrange to supply at least 50 percent of the system demand despite a possible break in any piping. 5.2. 5.2.3. 3.3 3 Suct Suction ion Pipin Piping. g. Stat Static ic lift lift shoul should d not not excee exceed d 15 ft, ft, including all losses through suction piping due to the pump location. In all conditions of suction lift, a positive priming facility should be provided. 5.2. 5.2.3. 3.4 4 Valves Valves. . Valves Valves at pumps pumps should should be arrang arranged ed to provi provide de for removing any pump unit from service without interruption to others. 5.2. 5.2.3. 3.5 5 Pres Pressu sure re Reli Relief ef Valv Valves. es. Prov Provid ide e a pres pressu sure re reli relief ef valve or a small bleeder line on pump discharge, if the characteristics of the pump permit development of excessive pressure, or if damage to the pump could result from overheating because of operation with zero flow. This must be done when the pump discharges into a distribution system which does not include an elevated storage tank, or if the system includes an elevated tank that is protected against overflow. Review







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A 5.2. 5.2.3. 3.6 6 Flex Flexib ible le Coup Coupli ling. ng. To reli reliev eve e any any stra strain in tran transm smit itte ted d to the pumps and to take up misalignment, piping near pumps should be provided with flexible couplings. 5.2. 5.2.3. 3.7 7 Vert Vertic ical al Pump Pumps. s. are delineated below.

Design Design criter criteria ia for verti vertical cal pumps pumps

a) Wet Wet Pit Pit or Well Well Subm Submer erge genc nce. e. Use Use the the valu value e recommended by the pump manufacturer for operation at sea level with water at 70? F, and adjust the value for elevation above sea level and water above 70? F. (1) Add Add 14 in. in. sub subme merg rgen ence ce for for eve every ry add addit itio iona nal l 1,000 ft of elevation above sea level. (2) Provid Provide e addi additio tional nal submer submerge gence nce for water water temperatures above 70 degrees F, as follows: T E MP E R A T U R E degrees F 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170

ADDITIONAL SUBMERGENCE in. 4 10 17 26 38 54 74 100 125 160







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A 5.2. 5.2.3. 3.8 8 Prim Primin ing g Faci Facili liti ties es. . Use Use the the requ requir irem emen ents ts of the the HI Hydraulic Institute Standards for planning priming facilities. 5.3.

Power

5.3. 5.3.1 1 Choice of Pow Power. Fac Factors ors affect ecting choi hoice of powe ower include dependability, availability, and economic considerations. 5.3. 5.3.1. 1.1 1

Type Types s of Powe Power. r.

Sele Select ct powe power r from from the the foll follow owin ing: g:

a)

E le c t r ic i t y

b)

Petr etroleu leum pro prod duct ucts (d (dies iesel oil oil)

c)

Natu ral gas

d)

Compressed air

e)

Stea m

5.3. 5.3.1. 1.2 2 Appl Applic icat atio ions. ns. For For pref prefer eren enti tial al choi choice ce and and applications, refer to Table 11. 5.3. 5.3.2 2 Standby. Stan tandby power wer for pum pumps sho should uld be prov rovide ided for all installations as described below. 5.3. 5.3.2. 2.1 1 Elec Electr tric ic Powe Power. r. Prov Provid ide e two two separ separat ate e sourc sources es (two (two separate feeders). Feeders should follow separate routes, and originate from separate substations or other sources. 5.3. 5.3.2. 2.2 2

al

mb

ti

gi

ovide ovide in

l









































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A b) Alte Altern rnat atin ing g Curr Curren ent t Moto Motors rs. . Use Use a squi squirr rrel el-c -cag age e induction motor for 200 horsepower (hp) (149.2 kW) or less, at constant speed. Use a wound rotor induction or multi speed motor for 200 hp or less, when several different speeds are required. Where the power factor is important, use a synchronous motor for power above 200 hp. c) Dire Direct ct Curr Curren ent t Moto Motors rs. . Use Use dire direct ct curr curren ent t (dc) (dc) motors only when speed adjustment is an important factor and when economic factors permit. d) Enclo Enclosu sure re. . Use Use appr approp opri riat ate e stan standa dard rds s of the the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA). General types and applications are as follows. (1)

Dripp Dripproo roof. f.

Use in nonhaz nonhazard ardous ous, , clean clean

surroundings. (2) Tota Totall lly y encl enclos osed ed, , fanfan-co cool oled ed. . Use Use in nonhazardous corrosive atmospheres containing dusts or high concentrations of chemicals, or where hosing down or splashing is encountered.







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A Table 11 Preferential Choice and Application of Pump Drive POW ER

CHOICE

DRIVE

A P P LI C A T IO N

E l ec t r i c i t y

Firs t

AC motors DC motors

Primary power for stationary stationa ry pumping

Diesel oil

First

Internal c o m b u st i o n engines

In isolated area for stationary p pu u m pi ng As emergency standby power source Portable pumping source

Nat ural gas

Se con d

Ga s tu rb i ne or i in ntern al c o m b u st i o n eng ine

In isolated area for stationary p pu u m pi ng As emergency standby power source Portable pumping power source







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A (2) Will the pump perform satisfactorily in parallel with others? b) Curve Shape. basis of the following: (1) the shutoff head?

Evaluate the curve shape on the

Does the curve need to rise continually to

(2) Is there there any likelihood that the the pump pump may be caught in a dip in the curve, resulting in unstable operation? (3) Motor Overload. Do not allow motor overload at any possible operating point of the curve. Check the operating range, shutoff condition (if applicable), and low head condition. 5.4. 5.4.2. 2.2 2 Rota Rotary ry, , Reci Recipr proc ocat atin ing, g, and and Jet Jet Pump Pumps s. Stud Study y the the manufacturers' rating curves, and select accordingly. Provide relief valves for all positive displacement pumps, between the pump and the first shutoff valve on the discharge line.







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A 5.4. 5.4.4 4 Specific Speed. Cent Centr rifu ifugal gal pump pump sel selecti ectio on is strongly influenced by efficiency and cavitation considerations. The specific speed of a particular pump at the discharge head and suction lift conditions should not exceed that prescribed for pumps of this type in HI standards, unless the application is of sufficient importance for military representatives to witness satisfactory satisfactory operationoperation- in-shop tests at higher specific speeds. 5.4. 5.4.5 5 Net Posit sitive Suct uction ion Hea Head (NPSH PSH). For centrifugal pumps, design of the intake system should ensure that the available NPSH exceeds the required NPSH, to prevent boiling under reduced pressure conditions and cavitation of the impeller. A reasonable margin of safety should be provided, at least 2 or 3 ft. Required NPSH can be obtained from the pump manufacturers, manufacturers, and available NPSH can be calculated using formulas in Hydraulic Institute Standards. 5.4. 5.4.6 6 Lubri ubrica cati tio on. The choi hoice (oil, oil, grea grease se, , or wate water r) and and treatment should be consistent with the bearings used, as follows:







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A 5.4. 5.4.7. 7.1 1 Wate Water r Seal Seal. . An inde indepe pend nden ent t wate water r seal seal supp supply ly, , not not connected to the potable water system or a potable water supply protected by an air gap or backflow preventer, should be used where the water quality or pump characteristics prevent a self-sealing system as follows: a)

When the suction lift exceeds 15 ft.

b)

When the discharge pressure is less than 23 ft.

c)

When the pump handles hot water.

d)

When the water water is muddy, muddy, sandy, sandy, or gritty. gritty.

5.4. 5.4.7. 7.2 2 Stuffi Stuffing ng Box Water Water Coolin Cooling g. Cooli Cooling ng water water shoul should d be applied to the stuffing box jackets where pumps operate at a high stuffing box pressure. 5.4. 5.4.8 8 Surg Surge e Prev Preven enti tion on. . Surg Surge e or water ater hamm hammer er, , prod produc uced ed by a sudden change of flow in the pumping system, should be carefully studied. For large, high pressure systems, the help of a qualified expert is recommended; and his recommendation










































TREATMENT

Guidance and Methods

6.1. 6.1.1 1 Guid Guidan ance ce. . At perm ermanen nent and tempo mporary ary ins install allatio tions, disinfection by chlorination, chloramination, or other means will be applied to all water for potable uses, except from municipal or private water supply sources which conform to the bacteriological criteria set forth in Section 3. Refer to CFR 40 for additional treatment beyond disinfection. 6.1. 6.1.1. 1.1 1 Field Field Bases Bases. Disi Disinfe nfect ctio ion n shou should ld be appl applie ied d to all all water before Additional treatment should be provided to







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A 6.1. 6.1.4 4 Materials of Construc ruction. To the maximum practical extent, use materials that are standard in ordinary engineering practice. Special materials may be used, where economy allows, or conditions dictate, to provide needed corrosion resistance or other characteristics especially required in parts of the treatment works. 6.1. 6.1.5 5

New New Devi Device ces s.

New New treat reatme ment nt dev devices ices may be used sed only only: :

a) Wher Where e the there re are are spe speci cial al need needs s tha that t can canno not t be be met met by generally accepted methods, and b)

Afte Afte

test testin in

by

im

rtia rtial l r

h o







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A Health Education Services, 1997 Edition; and Water Quality and Treatment, Chapter 5, “Air Stripping and Aeration,” AWWA, fourth edition. 6. 4 Sludge Removal . Sludge removal is generally with mechanized sludge collectors, although it may be manual in some installations. If manual, provide at least two basins so that one basin may be taken out of service for cleaning without interruption of operation. Provide for hydraulic removal of settled solids by draining and flushing if possible, otherwise by manual load-and -haul. Refer to par. 6.11 for further guidance.







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A Drinking Water Regulations. Refer to Water Treatment Plant Design, Chapter 10, “Oxidation and Disinfection,” AWWA, third edition, for additional information relating to disinfection requirements. 6.7 Disinfection. Refer to Water Treatment Plant Design, Chapters 10, “Oxidation and Disinfection,” Chapter 15, “Chemicals and Chemical Handling,” AWWA, third edition; Water Quality and Treatment, Chapter 14, “Disinfection,” AWWA, fourth edition, AWWA Manual M20, Water Chlorination Principles and Practices; and Recommended Standards for Water Works, Part 4.3 and Part 5; Health Science Group, 1997 edition. Disinfection should be in accordance with all regulations (including CT) as







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A 6.9. 6.9.1 1 Iron and and Mang angane anese Remov moval. al. Ref Refer to Recomm ommende nded Standards for Water Works, Part 4.5, Health Education Services, 1997 edition; and Water Quality and Treatment, Chapter 10, “Chemical Precipitation,” AWWA, fourth edition. 6.9.2. 6.9.2. Tast Taste e and and Odor Odor Cont Contro rol. l. Seve Severa ral l trea treatm tmen ent t proc proces esse ses s can control taste and odor. These processes include; copper sulfate treatment, aeration, activated carbon, chlorine dioxide, and ozone. For guidelines regarding these treatment processes refer to Recommended Standards for Water Works, Part 4.9, Health Education Services, 1997 edition; Water Quality and Treatment, AWWA; and AWWA Standards B600, Powdered Activated Carbon; B601, Sodium Metabisulfite; B602, Copper Sulfate; B603, Potassium









































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A river or body of salt water. Refer to Recommended Standards for Water Works, Health Education Services,1997 edition; and Water Quality and Treatment, Chapter 11, “Membrane Processes,” AWWA,







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A

n n , t o o i r a i . r e r o r s t a s o c h e t g o s l g a n , l i p e l l e r , n r i r , o a r i e n t r a o t e s r V p i c o h p r t p t m t s

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MIL-HDBK-1005/7A

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MIL-HDBK-1005/7A

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MIL-HDBK-1005/7A

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MIL-HDBK-1005/7A c) Slui Sluice ce Gate Gates. s. Use Use AWWA AWWA Stan Standa dard rd C501 C501, , Slui Sluice ce Gates, for guidance on sluice gates. 7.4. 7.4.1. 1.2 2 Speci Special al Purpo Purpose se Valves. Valves. Cons Consul ult t manu manufa fact ctur urer ers s for for capacities and construction of the various types, to be used as follows: a) Air Air Valv Valves es. . Use Use air air valv valves es to rele releas ase e any any air air collecting at high points in filling lines. lines to actuated when the pressure

b) Alti Altitu tude de Valv Valves es. . Use Use alti altitu tude de valv valves es for for supp supply ly elevated tanks or reservoirs. These valves are by the water level in the tanks or reservoirs, to close tank is full and open when the level on the system lowers. Also refer to MIL-HDBK-1008C. MIL- HDBK-1008C.

c) Floa Float t Valv Valves es. . Use Use floa float t valv valves es on supp supply ly line lines s to fill tanks or reservoirs and maintain their water levels. d) low volume.

Plug Plug Valv Valves es. .

Use Use for for cont contro rol l of pump pumpin ing g rate rates s at

e) Pres Pressu sure re Regu Regula lati ting ng Valv Valves es. . Use Use pres pressu sure re regulating valves to deliver water from a high to a low pressure system wherever the pressure downstream drops below a preset value. In addition, these valves can be fitted to open when upstream pressure drops below downstream pressure. Pressure regulating valves on water distribution system should be located in accordance with MIL-HDBK-1008C. f) Pres Pressu sure re Reli Relief ef Valv Valves es. . Use Use pres pressu sure re reli relief ef valves to relieve any pressure in tanks or pipelines above a preset value. g) Vacu Vacuum um Valv Valves es. . Use Use vacu vacuum um valv valves es to admi admit t air air into tanks or pipelines for relieving vacuums induced by a break or a rapid opening of valves. 7.4. 7.4.2 2 Hydr Hydran ants ts. . Refer to criteria for hydrants for distribution systems in MIL-HDBK-1008C and AWWA Manual M17, Installation, Field Testing, and Maintenance of Fire Hydrants.







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A 7.4. 7.4.2. 2.1 1 Inst Instal alla lati tion. on. Foll Follow ow inst instal alla lati tion on requ requir irem emen ents ts in MIL MIL HDBK-1008C and AWWA Manual M17, Installation, Field Testing, and Maintenance of Fire Hydrants. 7.4. 7.4.2. 2.2 2 Valv Valve. e. A shut shutof off f valv valve e with with a valv valve e box box shou should ld be installed on the branch between the hydrant and the main. Wherever possible, provide a concrete collar around the branch between the valve and the hydrant, to protect the valve in case the hydrant receives impact damage. The branch line to the hydrant and the valve should be 6-in. diameter. 7.4. 7.4.3 3 Appur ppurt tenan enance ces s. Criteria regarding selection of appurtenances are given below: 7.4. 7.4.3. 3.1 1 Oper Operato ator r Shuto Shutoff ff Valve Valves s and and Gates Gates. . Use Use manu manual al, , direct, and geared type on all shutoff valves and gates for normal operations. Use automatic type, either motorized, hydraulic, or pneumatic, above grade or housed, in the following applications: a) Wher Where e the the gate gates s or or shu shuto toff ff valv valves es are are too too larg large e for manual operation. b) Wher Where e a spec specif ific ic rate rate is set set fo for ope openi ning ng or closing, to reduce surges in pipelines. c) Wher Where e fre frequ quen ent t ope opera rati tion on is requ requir ired ed (med (mediu ium m sized valves). d)

Wher Where e requ requir ired ed at lar large ge mult multii-pu pump mp ins insta tall llat atio ions ns. .

e) Wher Where e t the heir ir inst instal alla lati tion on is just justif ifie ied d b bot oth h economically and functionally. 7.4. 7.4.3. 3.2 2 Valv Valve e Boxes Boxes. . Use Use valv valve e boxe boxes s for for smal small l and and medi medium um sized underground shutoff valves.







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A

Table 16 Application of Valves Type

A p pl i c at i o n

Remarks

Check Valves Swing checks

All horizontal applications

Refer to AWWA C508.

Ball checks

O n r e c ip r o c at i n g pumps

Small diameter.

Vertical checks

All vertical applications

Refer to AWWA C507.

Cone checks

Surge relief

R e q u i r e s a u t o m at i c operator.

C u s hi o n e d c he c k s

Surge relief

Slow closing

Foot valves

Prevents loss of prime in suction lines

-

Flap valves

At pipe outlets

-

Gate valves1

A l l a pp li c a t i o n s

Refer to AWWA C500 and/or AWWA C509.

B u t te r f l y v al v e s

Al l a pp li cat io ns

Largest size over 72 in. Refer to AWWA C504.

Shutoff Valves







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A

Table 16 (Continued) Application of Valves Type

A p pl i c at i o n

Remarks

Plug valves, eccentric

A l l a pp li c a t i o n s

Suitable for water containing solids and for three-way valves.

Globe valves


Small diameter

Needle valves


Small diameter

Hydraulic needle valves

Reservoir outlets

Very large size requiring hydraulic operators

Mud valves

Bottom drain opening of basins

-

Radial gates

Channel and reservoir outlets

-

Sl ide gate s

Chan nel and reservoir outlets

Low heads

Sluice gates

Wall openings

Refer to AWWA C501.

Sh ear gate s

Wall openings (low head)

Size up to 24 in.

Gates

1

Except for low pressure, service gate valves 16-20 in., and larger should be equipped with bypass. Refer to AWWA C500 and/or AWWA C509. 7.4. 7.4.3. 3.3 3 Valv Valve e Vaul Vaults ts or Manh Manhol oles es. . Use Use vaul vaults ts or manh manhol oles es for for large shutoff valves on transmission lines, on arterial mains of distribution systems, and where accessibility for servicing is required.







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A 7.5 Cross Connections and Backflow Prevention With Nonpotable Supplies. Supplie s. Refer to AWWA Manual M14, Recommended Practice for Backflow Prevention and Cross-Connection Control. For Air Force projects use AFI 32-1066. 7.5. 7.5.1 1 Back Backfl flow ow. . Backflow of waste or contaminated water into the distribution system due to back-siphonage or backpressure should be prevented. 7.5. 7.5.1. 1.1 1 Sour Source ces. s. Cond Condit itio ions ns unde under r whic which h back backfl flow ow can occu occur r are given below. Such conditions should not be permitted. a)

Improper pl plumbing de d e si g ns .

b)

Dire Direct ct conn connec ecti tion ons s w wit ith h n non onpo pota tabl ble e supp suppli lies es. . (1)

Impro Improper per pipe pipeline line int inter erco conn nnec ecti tion ons. s.

(2)

Potabl Potable e suppl supply y lines lines submer submerged ged in nonp nonpota otable ble

water. (3) Direc Direct t conn connect ection ions s of of drai drains ns from from sour sources ces such as a fire hydrant or valve box to a storm or sanitary sewer. (4)

Impr Improp oper er conn connec ecti tion ons s b by y u use sers rs. .

c) Impr Improp oper erly ly des desig igne ned d or con const stru ruct cted ed dis distr trib ibut utio ion n systems. These are systems within an area subject to flooding or systems that may be too close to subsurface sources of contamination, such as septic tanks, drain fields, sewers, and cesspools. Any leakage combined with lower pressure in the distribution system can cause backsiphonage. d) A bac backf kflo low w pre preve vent nter er inst instal alle led d in in a loc locat atio ion n subject to submergence. 7.5. 7.5.1. 1.2 2

Prot Protec ecti tion on Aga Again inst st Con Conta tami mina nati tion on

a) Desi Design gn for for the the abso absolu lute te mini minimu mum m num numbe ber r of of interconnections.









































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A c) Prov Provid ide e pos posit itiv ive e sepa separa rati tion ons s ( (ai air r g gap aps) s) betw betwee een n potable water lines and any units containing contaminated water, such as hospital sterilizers, washing machines, and tanks of dangerous liquids. d) Prov Provid ide e back backfl flow ow-p -pre reve vent ntin ing g d dev evic ices es at all all interconnections with nonpotable water lines that cannot be eliminated or protected by an air gap. e) Prov Provid ide e bac backf kflo loww-pr prev even enti ting ng dev devic ices es on on irri irriga gati tion on systems, refer to par. 7.7. 7.5. 7.5.2 2 Back ackflow flow Prev Preven ent ters ers. Wher here it wou would be extreme emely difficult to provide an air gap between two systems, and where back pressures are possible, a reduced pressure principle backflow preventer can be used. In lieu of air gaps, only reduced pressure principal backflow preventers are acceptable. Follow recommendations of the Manual of Cross-Connection Control of the Foundation for Cross-Connection Control and Hydraulic Research, University of Southern California, the criteria of NAVFACINST 11330.11D, Backflow Preventers, Reduced Pressure Principle Type AFI 32-1066 and, AWWA Manual M14, Recommended Practice for Backflow Prevention and Cross-Connection Control. 7.5. 7.5.3 3 Air Gaps Gaps. . Use an air air gap gap (be (betwe tween a sup supply ply pip pipe and receiving vessel) whenever possible on any potable water line discharging to any place where contamination could occur. An air gap removes the physical link to a potential contamination contamination source, and is preferred over backflow prevention devices, which are subject to failure. When installed, the air gap should be at least twice the diameter of the supply pipe, but in no case less than 6 in.







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A b)

Type of water.

c)

A va il ab i li ty .

d)

Ease Ease of inst instal alla lati tion on and and mai maint nten enan ance ce. .

e)

Economic co considerations.

7.6. 7.6.1. 1.2 2 Struct Structura ural l Requir Requireme ements nts. . Refe Refer r to AWWA AWWA Stan Standa dard rd C800, C800, Underground Service Line Valves and Fittings, on structural requirements. 7.6.2 6.2 Appurtenances. Refer to AWWA Standard C800, Underground Service Line Valves and Fittings for requirements concerning appurtenances. 7.6. 7.6.2. 2.1 1 Corpo Corporat ration ion Stops Stops or Cocks Cocks. . Instal Install l these these stops stops at all connections less than 2 -in. diameter to water mains. Use tapping saddles and valves for larger connections. 7.6. 7.6.2. 2.2 2 Curb Curb Stops Stops or Cocks Cocks. . Inst Instal all l curb curb stop stops, s, with with valv valve e boxes, at the street line to shut off service lines. Where lines may need draining, use the stop-and-waste type. 7.6. 7.6.2. 2.3 3 Goos Goosen enec ecks ks. . Use Use a flex flexib ible le goos goosen enec eck k to conn connec ect t nonflexible service pipe to main. 7.6. 7.6.2. 2.4 4 Serv Service ice Meter Meters. s. Refer Refer to - Selection, Installation, Testing, climate, install install in a covered meter cold climate, install indoors or in Types as follows:

AWWA AWWA Manua Manual l M6, Water Water Meter Meters s and Maintenance. For warm box away from traffic. For a frost proof enclosure.







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A

Table 17 Service Pipe Materials3 Material

Sizes Available

A d v a n ta g e s

D is ad va n ta ge s

Br ass

All standard Corrosion sizes resistant. Good hydraulic characteristics.

Nonflexible.1 Not suitable for soft water with high CO2 content. Not suitable in presence of seawater.

Copper (p (pipe)

All st standard Corrosion sizes resistant. Good hydraulic characteristics.

Nonflexible.1 Not suitable for soft water with high CO2 content.

Copper (tubing)

All standard sizes

Corrosion resistant. Flexible in small sizes. Ease of installation. Good hydraulic characteristics.

Not suitable for soft water with high CO2 content.

Ductile Iron

3 in. And larger

Corrosion resistant.2

Nonflexible.1







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A

Table 17 (Continued) Service Pipe Materials3 M at e r i a l

Size s Available

A d v a n ta g e s

Less ex e x pe ns i v e .

D is ad va n ta ge s

Nonflexible.1 Low corrosion resistance.

Galvanized Steel

All standard sizes

Po l y e t hy l e ne

All standard Long laying sizes lengths Lightweight High Impact Strength

Special tooling required for fusing joints. Subject to surface change effected by long term ultra-violet exposure. Subject to attack by organic solvents or petroleum

Polyvinyl

All standard

Cannot be

Corrosion







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A

Table 17 (Continued) Service Pipe Materials3 required. 1

Non flexible pipe requires a flexible gooseneck at the connection to main. 2 When cement-mortar lined as required by AWWA C104. 3 Safe Drinking Water Act, Pub. L.93-533 as amended 1986. 4 When PVC is in compliance with 40 CFR Part 141.50.

7.6. 7.6.2. 2.5 5 StopStop-an and-W d-Was aste te Valv Valve. e. Inst Instal all l this this unit unit at the the end end of service lines just inside the building wall. 7.6. 7.6.2. 2.6 6 Seis Seismi mic c Zone Zones s. Prov Provid ide e an eart earthq hqua uake ke valv valve e in a pit pit on water service lines to buildings as called for in US Army TI-809-04, Triservice Engineering Manual for Seismic Design of Buildings. 7.6.3 6.3 Installations. Refer to AWWA Standard C800, Underground Service Line Valves and Fittings, and AWWA Manual M6, Water Meters - Selection, Installation, Testing, and Maintenance, Maintena nce, for installation requirements. All connections should be at least 10 ft away from any subsurface source contamination. 7.7 Irrigation Systems. Irrigation systems should be designed using accepted commercial standards for the region where the system will be constructed. 7.7. 7.7.1 1

Sani Sanita tary ry Prot Protec ecti tion on

To prot protec ect t a pota potabl ble e syst system em from from









































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A 7.7. 7.7.1. 1.2 2 Buri Buried ed Spri Sprink nkle lers. rs. Spri Sprink nkle ler r head heads s buri buried ed in the the ground and flush type heads are prohibited, except where a separate nonpotable water system is being used. 7.7. 7.7.1. 1.3 3 Spri Sprink nkle lers rs With With Rise Risers. rs. risers are permitted. 7. 8

Fixe Fixed d or auto automa mati tic c "pop "pop up" up"

Meter Vaults and Boxes

7.8. 7.8.1 1 Meter Vaults. lts. Vaults should be easily accessible but away from normal traffic. 7.8. 7.8.1. 1.1 1 Constr Construct uction ion. . should be used.

Wher Where e nece necess ssar ary, y, wate watert rtig ight ht stru struct ctur ures es

a) Smal Small l Vaul Vaults ts. . Use Use conc concre rete te bloc blocks ks, , bric brick, k, or reinforced concrete structures. b) structures. 7.8. 7.8.1. 1.2 2

Larg Large e Vaul Vaults ts. .

Acces Access s.

Use Use rein reinfo forc rced ed conc concre rete te

Vaul Vaults ts shou should ld be lock locked ed wher where e nece necess ssar ary y to








































STORAGE

F un c t i o n

8.1. 8.1.1 1 General. Wher hereve ever feas easibl ible, desi esign stor torage age to pro provid vide flow through circulation, with compartments. 8.1. 8.1.2 2 Purpose. purposes:

Stor torage reservo rvoirs serve the following

a) To allo allow w a bala balanc nced ed flow flow thro throug ugh h pip pipel elin ines es between the source and the treatment plant or distribution system. b)

To suppl supply y wat water er duri during ng peak peak dema demand nd peri period ods. s.

c)

To main mainta tain in pres pressu sure re in the the dis distr trib ibut utio ion n sys syste tem. m.

d)

To supp supply ly wate water r duri during ng powe power r outa outage ge or repa repair ir of

e)

To prov provid ide e an emer emerge genc ncy y supp supply ly for for fire fire

pumps.







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A 8.2. 8.2.1. 1.2 2 Heig Height ht Limi Limita tati tion. on. Where Where the heigh height t of eleva elevate ted d tanks tanks required by the operating pressure becomes an aviation hazard, use ground storage tanks. 8.2. 8.2.1. 1.3 3 Tran Transm smiss issio ion n Line Line Stora Storage. ge. Use Use grou ground nd stor storag age e in conjunction with long transmission lines, to aid in meeting peak demands. 8.2. 8.2.2 2 Elevated Tanks. Use elevate ated tan tanks to stor tore wat water at the elevation required to maintain proper operating pressure and to allow gravity discharge from the tank into the distribution system. Standard capacities for welded steel tanks are given in AWWA Standard D100, Welded Steel Tanks for Water Storage. In most cases the cost of elevated tanks limits their maximum practical size to between 1 and 2 million gallons. 8.2. 8.2.3 3 Unde Underg rgro rou und Stor Storag age e Tan Tanks. Use this this type ype of sto storage rage as required by the following conditions: a)

Wher Where e eco econo nomy my of cons constr truc ucti tion on resu result lts. s.

b)

Wher Where e pro prote tect ctio ion n aga again inst st free freezi zing ng is requ requir ired ed. .







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A 8.3. 8.3.1. 1.1 1 Sele Select ctio ion. n. material selection:

Cons Conside ider r the follo followin wing g facto factors rs affec affecti ting ng

a)

Life expectancy

b)

Capacity an and hea head re requirements

c)

A v a il a b i l it y

d)

Economic considerations

e)

Water characteristics

f)

Environmental co conditions

8.3. 8.3.2 2 Cons Constr truc ucti tion. on. Con Constr struct uction ion of the pri princi ncipal pal type ypes of storage tanks is as follows: 8.3. 8.3.2. 2.1 1

Abov Aboveg egro rou und Stor Storag age e Tan Tanks

a) Pipi Piping ng Arra Arrang ngem emen ent. t. For For larg large e tank tanks, s, plac place e inle inlet t and outlet pipes at opposite ends or sides, to provide







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A

s e g a t n a v d a s i D

s e g a t s n l a a v i d r A

e t 8 a 1 M e k

t o . n t . h o t g f d i e ; 0 W d 5 r a e d e h e t e a w c e o x r L e G

. e m u l o V e g r a L

t s o c t s . l r i e f e t r s e h n g a i h H t

e c l n a e n e e t t s n i n a a h M t r e t w s o o L c

e t n c o . i s n n i g s u t e a t n h n n c l r i e o g n o r e z i u t e t e i t d n t p o e r i c r r l e e e s a e n . t p f t e s m t a e s a t e e t o . o h t w s r . r r t e r s c d d e p t r i n e u s n s e h i h r t c q a s a e n g g o d s n i i n o o e h r e g i t L t p l H a c c R a H s

o g o t n t l i y a y . y t r r d t . i u . u n i s l t t d b u l i c n o i a b e e n r b e h a t m i g a t i t r t p h a e e p h a c e s d a g d r r a n d i A a t E u A h

. n o i t c e r e f o e s a E

r e t d s n o . u c e t r t e e s r t r c a . i n w e f o r c s u r e s e n r s w a o e o h t r L t S p

t h g i . e e w t e n r i c n r o e c t h n g a i h L t









































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A

s e g a t n a v d a s i D

t h . g e i m . t u e f l r i e o l t v a l t w l r t a o h o m N S S

.

o t h . l t s i e l l e u c o t i m s f e d l f l / i d e a v e o n r m a h o e M r t l e e







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A c) Appu Appurt rten enan ance ces. s. appurtenances:

Incl Includ ude e the the foll follow owin ing g

(1) (1)

Outs Outsi ide tank ank l la adder dder. .

(2) (2)

Roo Roof ha hatch tch wit with h loc lock. k.

(3) (3)

Screened v ve ent.

(4)

Flange Flanged d acce access ss hole hole nea near r the the ground ground. .

(5)

Wate Water r leve level l indi indica cato tor r and and alar alarm. m.







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A e) Appu Appurt rten enan ance ces. s. appurtenances: (1) in. above grade.

Prov Provid ide e the the foll follow owin ing g

Access Access and and valve valve chamb chambers ers with with thei their r tops tops 6

(2)

Insi Inside de ladd ladder ers s or manh manhol ole e step steps. s.

(3)

A scre screen ened ed vent vent abov above e grou ground nd. .

(4)

Wate Water r leve level l indi indica cato tors rs and and ala alarm rms. s.

(5)

Sa

li

ints ints







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A c) Pipi Piping ng Arra Arrang ngem emen ents ts. . both inlet and outlet.

Use Use a sing single le rise riser r pipe pipe as

(1) Provi Provide de an overfl overflow ow and drains drains. . should not be connected directly to sewers.

Drains Drains

(2) Place Place valv valves es on all pipes pipes exce except pt the the overflow. d) Appu Appurt rten enan ance ces. s. appurtenances: (1)

Ladde Ladde

Prov Provid ide e the the foll follow owin ing g the outsid outsid

f the the tank tank and







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A (3)

A scre screene ened d vent vent, , an alti altitu tude de val valve ve, , and and an

(4)

A wate water r leve level l indi indica cato tor r and and ala alarm rm. .

(5)

A va valve va vault.

(6)

Heati Heating ng equ equip ipme ment nt for for fre freezi ezing ng cli clima mate tes. s.

(7)

Samp Sampli ling ng acce access ss poin point ts.

overflow.

d) Stru Struct ctur ural al Desi Design gn. . For For crit criter eria ia on stru struct ctur ural al design, use AWWA Standard D100 for steel elevated tanks.









































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A 8.4. 8.4.1. 1.3 3 Altit Altitude ude Valves Valves. . Provi Provide de an alti altitud tude e valve valve that that can, can, in winter, be set to keep the high water level at minimum of 3 ft below the overflow, thus preventing floating ice from







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A 8.4.4.2

Operational Safety a)

Ladd Ladder ers. s.

Prov Provid ide e ladd ladder ers s for for stan standp dpip ipes es and and







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A Section 9: 9.1

Building Design.

BUILDINGS

Buildings in support of water supply







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A REFERENCES







































MIL-HDBK-1005/7A U.S. A Ar rm y T TI I -8 0 9 - 0 4

Seismic Design f fo or Buildings (Tri-Service Manual)





































































































































































































































































































Water Supply System

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