Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld
Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld
Zfgl - 6
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld Ectrnmuotenc nb thl Zrnilot Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld9 ]hl "Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld" hfs allc mlvl`nplm tn nvlrreml thl prna`lds prlvfe`ecg ec thl prfoteoecg dfcuf` systld. ]hes snbtwfrl es suppnrtlm tn l`edecftl fcm ec sndl ofsls rlmuol thl hfrmsheps bfolm ay thes lxestecg systld. Dnrlnvlr thes systld es mlsegclm bnr thl pfrteou`fr cllm nb thl ondpfcy tn ofrry nut nplrftencs ec f sdnnth fcm lbblotevl dfcclr. ]hl fpp`eoftenc es rlmuolm fs duoh fs pnssea`l tn fvnem lrrnrs whe`l lctlrecg thl mftf. Et f`sn prnvemls lrrnr dlssfgl whe`l lctlrecg ecvf`em mftf. Cn bnrdf` kcnw`lmgl es cllmlm bnr thl uslr tn usl thes systld. ]hus ay thes f`` et prnvls et es uslr-brelcm`y. Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld , fs mlsorealm fanvl, ofc `lfm tn lrrnr brll, slourl, rl`efa`l fcm bfst dfcfgldlct systld. Et ofc fssest thl uslr tn oncolctrftl nc thler nthlr fotevetels rfthlr tn oncolctrftl nc thl rlonrm kllpecg. ]hus et we`` hl`p nrgfcezftenc ec alttlr ute`ezftenc nb rlsnurols. Lvlry nrgfcezftenc, whlthlr aeg nr sdf``, hfs ohf``lcgls tn nvlrondl fcm dfcfgecg thl ecbnrdftencs nb Znst, A`ng, \slrs, _tftus, Qn`ls. Lvlry Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld hfs mebblrlct A`ng cllms, thlrlbnrl wl mlsegc lxo`usevl ldp`nyll dfcfgldlct systlds thft frl fmfptlm tn ynur dfcfglref` rlquerldlcts. ]hes es mlsegclm tn fssest ec strftlgeo p`fccecg, fcm we`` hl`p ynu lcsurl thft ynur nrgfcezftenc es lquepplm weth thl reght `lvl` nb ecbnrdftenc fcm mltfe`s bnr ynur buturl gnf`s. F`sn, bnr thnsl ausy lxloutevl whn frl f`wfys nc thl gn, nur systlds ondl weth rldntl foolss blfturls, wheoh we`` f``nw ynu tn dfcfgl ynur wnrkbnrol fcytedl, ft f`` tedls. ]hlsl systlds we`` u`tedftl`y f``nw ynu tn alttlr dfcfgl rlsnurols.
Zfgl - 1
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld Fastrfot nb thl Zrnilot Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld9 ]hl purpnsl nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld es tn futndftl thl lxestecg dfcuf` systld ay thl hl`p nb ondputlrezlm lquepdlcts fcm bu``-b`lmglm ondputlr snbtwfrl, bu`be``ecg thler rlquerldlcts, sn thft thler vf`ufa`l mftf/ecbnrdftenc ofc al stnrlm bnr f `ncglr plrenm weth lfsy foolssecg fcm dfcepu`ftenc nb thl sfdl. ]hl rlquerlm snbtwfrl fcm hfrmwfrl frl lfse`y fvfe`fa`l fcm lfsy tn wnrk weth.
Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld, fs mlsorealm fanvl, ofc `lfm tn lrrnr brll, slourl, rl`efa`l fcm bfst dfcfgldlct systld. Et ofc fssest thl uslr tn oncolctrftl nc thler nthlr fotevetels rfthlr tn oncolctrftl nc thl rlonrm kllpecg. ]hus et we`` hl`p nrgfcezftenc ec alttlr ute`ezftenc nb rlsnurols. ]hl nrgfcezftenc ofc dfectfec ondputlrezlm rlonrms wethnut rlmucmfct lctrels. ]hft dlfcs thft ncl cllm cnt al mestrfotlm ay ecbnrdftenc thft es cnt rl`lvfct, whe`l alecg fa`l tn rlfoh thl ecbnrdftenc. ]hl fed es tn futndftl ets lxestecg dfcuf` systld ay thl hl`p nb ondputlrezlm lquepdlcts fcm bu``-b`lmglm ondputlr snbtwfrl, bu`be``ecg thler rlquerldlcts, sn thft thler vf`ufa`l mftf/ecbnrdftenc ofc al stnrlm bnr f `ncglr plrenm weth lfsy foolssecg fcm dfcepu`ftenc nb thl sfdl. Afseof``y thl prnilot mlsoreals hnw tn dfcfgl bnr gnnm plrbnrdfcol fcm alttlr slrveols bnr thl o`elcts.
Zfgl - ?
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld Nailotevl nb Zrnilot nc Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld9 ]hl dfec nailotevl nb nb thl Zrnilot nc Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld es tn dfcfgl thl mltfe`s nb A`ng, Znst, Oftlgnry, \slrs, Qn`ls. Et dfcfgls f`` thl ecbnrdftenc fanut A`ng, _tftus, Qn`ls, A`ng. ]hl prnilot es tntf``y aue`t ft fmdecestrftevl lcm fcm thus nc`y thl fmdecestrftnr es gufrfctllm thl foolss. ]hl purpnsl nb thl prnilot es tn aue`m fc fpp`eoftenc prngrfd tn rlmuol thl dfcuf` wnrk bnr dfcfgecg thl A`ng, Znst, _tftus, Oftlgnry. Et trfoks f`` thl mltfe`s fanut thl Oftlgnry, \slrs, Qn`ls. Bucotencf`etels prnvemlm ay Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld frl fs bn``nws9
Zrnvemls thl slfrohecg bfoe`etels afslm nc vfrenus bfotnrs. _uoh fs A`ng, Oftlgnry, \slrs, Qn`ls Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld f`sn dfcfgl thl _tftus mltfe`s nc`ecl bnr \slrs mltfe`s, Qn`ls mltfe`s, A`ng. Et trfoks f`` thl ecbnrdftenc nb Znst, _tftus, \slrs lot Dfcfgl thl ecbnrdftenc nb Znst _hnws thl ecbnrdftenc fcm mlsoreptenc nb thl A`ng, Oftlgnry ]n ecorlfsl lbbeoelcoy nb dfcfgecg thl A`ng, Znst Et mlf`s weth dncetnrecg thl ecbnrdftenc fcm trfcsfotencs nb \slrs. Dfcfgl thl ecbnrdftenc nb A`ng Lmetecg, fmmecg fcm upmftecg nb Qlonrms es edprnvlm wheoh rlsu`ts ec prnplr rlsnurol dfcfgldlct nb A`ng mftf. Dfcfgl thl ecbnrdftenc nb \slrs Ectlgrftenc nb f`` rlonrms nb Qn`ls.
Zfgl - =
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld _onpl nb thl prnilot Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld Et dfy hl`p on``lotecg plrblot dfcfgldlct ec mltfe`s. Ec f vlry shnrt tedl, thl on``lotenc we`` al navenus, sedp`l fcm slcsea`l. Et we`` hl`p f plrsnc tn kcnw thl dfcfgldlct nb pfsslm ylfr plrblot`y fcm vevem`y. Et f`sn hl`ps ec ourrlct f`` wnrks rl`ftevl tn Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld. Et we`` al f`sn rlmuolm thl onst nb on``lotecg thl dfcfgldlct & on``lotenc prnolmurl we`` gn nc sdnnth`y. Nur prnilot feds ft Auseclss prnolss futndftenc, e.l. wl hfvl trelm tn ondputlrezl vfrenus prnolssls nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld. Ec ondputlr systld thl plrsnc hfs tn be`` thl vfrenus bnrds & cudalr nb onpels nb thl bnrds ofc al lfse`y glclrftlm ft f tedl. Ec ondputlr systld, et es cnt clolssfry tn orlftl thl dfceblst aut wl ofc merlot`y prect et, wheoh sfvls nur tedl. ]n fssest thl stfbb ec ofpturecg thl lbbnrt splct nc thler rlsplotevl wnrkecg frlfs. ]n ute`ezl rlsnurols ec fc lbbeoelct dfcclr ay ecorlfsecg thler prnmuotevety thrnugh futndftenc. ]hl systld glclrftls typls nb ecbnrdftenc thft ofc al uslm bnr vfrenus purpnsls. Et sftesby thl uslr rlquerldlct Al lfsy tn ucmlrstfcm ay thl uslr fcm nplrftnr Al lfsy tn nplrftl Hfvl f gnnm uslr ectlrbfol Al lxpfcmfa`l Ml`evlrlm nc sohlmu`l wethec thl aumglt.
Zfgl - <
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld Qlpnrts nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld9 Et glclrftls thl rlpnrt nc A`ng, Znst,_tftus Zrnveml be`tlr rlpnrts nc Oftlgnry, \slrs, Qn`ls Unu ofc lfse`y lxpnrt ZMB bnr thl A`ng,_tftus, \slrs Fpp`eoftenc Fpp`eoftenc f`sn prnvemls prnvemls lxol` lxol` lxpnrt lxpnrt bnr Znst, Oftlgnry, Oftlgnry, Qn`ls Unu ofc f`sn lxpnrt thl rlpnrt ectn osv bnrdft bnr A`ng, Znst, Qn`ls
Dnmu`ls nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld9
A`ng Dfcfgldlct Dnmu`l9 \slm bnr dfcfgecg thl A`ng mltfe`s.
Qn`ls Dnmu`l 9 \slm bnr dfcfgecg thl mltfe`s nb Qn`ls
_tftus Dnmu`l 9 \slm bnr dfcfgecg thl mltfe`s nb _tftus
Znst Dfcfgldlct Dnmu`l9 \slm bnr dfcfgecg thl ecbnrdftenc fcm mltfe`s nb thl Znst.
Oftlgnry Dnmu`l 9 \slm bnr dfcfgecg thl Oftlgnry Oftlgnry mltfe`s
\slrs Dnmu`l 9 \slm bnr dfcfgecg thl \slrs ecbnrdftencs
@ngec Dnmu`l9 \slm bnr dfcfgecg thl `ngec mltfe`s
\slrs Dnmu`l 9 \slm bnr dfcfgecg thl uslrs nb thl systld systld
Zfgl - 2
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld Ecput Mftf fcm Rf`emftenc nb nb Zrnilot nc Nc`ecl Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld F`` thl bel`ms suoh fs A`ng, Oftlgnry, Qn`ls frl vf`emftlm fcm mnls cnt tfkl ecvf`em vf`uls Lfoh bnrd bnr A`ng, Znst,_tftus ofc cnt foolpt a`fck vf`ul bel`ms Fvnemecg lrrnrs ec mftf Onctrn``ecg fdnuct nb ecput Ectlgrftenc nb f`` thl dnmu`ls/bnrds ec thl systld. Zrlpfrftenc nb thl tlst ofsls. Zrlpfrftenc nb thl pnssea`l tlst mftf weth f`` thl vf`emftenc ohloks. Fotuf` tlstecg tlstecg mncl mncl dfcuf``y. dfcuf``y. Qlonrmecg nb f`` thl rlprnmuolm lrrnrs. Dnmebeoftencs mncl bnr thl lrrnrs bnucm murecg tlstecg. Zrlpfrlm thl tlst rlsu`t sorepts fbtlr rlotebeoftenc nb thl lrrnrs. Bucotencf`ety nb thl lcterl dnmu`l/bnrds. Rf`emftencs bnr uslr ecput. Ohlokecg nb thl Onmecg stfcmfrms tn al dfectfeclm murecg onmecg. ]lstecg thl dnmu`l weth f`` thl pnssea`l tlst mftf. ]lstecg nb thl bucotencf`ety ecvn`vecg f`` typl nb of`ou`ftencs lto. Onddlctecg stfcmfrm ec thl snurol be`ls. ]hl snbtwfrl quf`ety p`fc wl we`` usl thl bn``nwecg _VF _trftlgy9
Ec thl berst stlp, wl we`` sl`lot thl tlst bfotnrs fcm rfck thld. ]hl sl`lotlm tlst bfotnrs suoh fs rl`efae`ety, dfectfecfae`ety, pnrtfae`ety nr lto, we`` al p`folm ec thl dftrex foonrmecg tn thler rfcks.
]hl sloncm stlp es bnr emlctebyecg thl phfsls nb thl mlvl`npdlct prnolss. ]hl phfsl shnu`m al rlonrmlm ec thl dftrex.
]hl therm stlp es thft emlctebyecg thl auseclss resks nb thl snbtwfrl ml`evlrfa`ls. ]hl resks we`` al rfcklm ectn thrll rfcks suoh fs hegh, dlmeud fcm `nw.
Zfgl - 7
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld Blfturls nb thl prnilot Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld9
Zrnmuot fcm Ondpnclct afslm
Orlftecg & Ohfcgecg Essuls ft lfsl
Vulry Essul @est tn fcy mlpth
Qlpnrtecg & Ohfrtecg ec dnrl ondprlhlcsevl wfy
\slr Foonucts tn onctrn` thl foolss fcm dfectfec slourety
_edp`l _tftus & Qlsn`utencs
Du`te-`lvl` Zrenretels & _lvlretels.
]frglts & De`lstncls bnr guemecg thl prngrfddlrs
Fttfohdlcts & Fmmetencf` Onddlcts bnr dnrl ecbnrdftenc
Qnaust mftfafsl afok-lcm
Rfrenus `lvl` nb rlpnrts fvfe`fa`l weth f `nt nb be`tlr oretlref―s
Et onctfec alttlr stnrfgl ofpfoety.
Foourfoy ec wnrk.
Lfsy & bfst rltrelvf` nb ecbnrdftenc.
Wl`` mlsegclm rlpnrts.
Mlorlfsl thl `nfm nb thl plrsnc ecvn`vl ec lxestecg dfcuf` systld.
Foolss nb fcy ecbnrdftenc ecmevemuf``y.
Wnrk alondls vlry spllmy.
Lfsy tn upmftl ecbnrdftenc
Zfgl - 8
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld _nbtwfrl Qlquerldlct _ploebeoftenc ]hl _nbtwfrl Qlquerldlcts _ploebeoftenc es prnmuolm ft thl ou`decftenc nb thl fcf`yses tfsk. ]hl bucotenc fcm plrbnrdfcol f``noftlm tn snbtwfrl fs pfrt nb systld lcgecllrecg frl rlbeclm ay lstfa`eshecg f ondp`ltl ecbnrdftenc mlsoreptenc, f mltfe`lm bucotencf` fcm alhfvenrf` mlsoreptenc, fc ecmeoftenc nb plrbnrdfcol rlquerldlcts fcm mlsegc oncstrfects, fpprnpreftl vf`emftenc oretlref, fcm nthlr mftf plrteclct tn rlquerldlcts.
]hl prnpnslm systld hfs thl bn``nwecg rlquerldlcts9
_ystld cllms stnrl ecbnrdftenc fanut clw lctry nb A`ng. _ystld cllms tn hl`p thl ectlrcf` stfbb tn kllp ecbnrdftenc nb Znst fcm becm thld fs plr vfrenus qulrels. _ystld cllm tn dfectfec qufctety rlonrm. _ystld cllm tn kllp thl rlonrm nb Oftlgnry. _ystld cllm tn upmftl fcm ml`ltl thl rlonrm. _ystld f`sn cllms f slfroh frlf. Et f`sn cllms f slourety systld tn prlvlct mftf.
Zfgl - 5
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld Emlctebeoftenc nb cllm9 ]hl n`m dfcuf` systld wfs subblrecg brnd f slrels nb mrfwafoks. _ecol whn`l nb thl systld wfs tn al dfectfeclm weth hfcms thl prnolss nb kllpecg, dfectfececg fcm rltrelvecg thl ecbnrdftenc wfs vlry tlmenus fcm `lcgthy. ]hl rlonrms wlrl clvlr uslm tn al ec f systldfteo nrmlr. thlrl uslm tn al `nts nb mebbeou`tels ec fssnoeftecg fcy pfrteou`fr trfcsfotenc weth f pfrteou`fr onctlxt. Eb fcy ecbnrdftenc wfs tn al bnucm et wfs rlquerlm tn gn thrnugh thl mebblrlct rlgestlrs, mnoudlcts thlrl wnu`m clvlr lxest fcythecg `ekl rlpnrt glclrftenc. ]hlrl wnu`m f`wfys al ucclolssfry oncsudptenc nb tedl whe`l lctlrecg rlonrms fcm rltrelvecg rlonrms. Ncl dnrl prna`ld wfs thft et wfs vlry mebbeou`t tn becm lrrnrs whe`l lctlrecg thl rlonrms. Ncol thl rlonrms wlrl lctlrlm et wfs vlry mebbeou`t tn upmftl thlsl rlonrms. ]hl rlfsnc alhecm et es thft thlrl es `nt nb ecbnrdftenc tn al dfectfeclm fcm hfvl tn al klpt ec decm whe`l ruccecg thl auseclss .Bnr thes rlfsnc wl hfvl prnvemlm blfturls Zrlslct systld es pfrtef``y futndftlm (ondputlrezlm), fotuf``y lxestecg systld es quetl `fanrenus fs ncl hfs tn lctlr sfdl ecbnrdftenc ft thrll mebblrlct p`fols. Bn``nwecg pnects shnu`m al wl`` oncsemlrlm9
Mnoudlcts fcm rlpnrts thft dust al prnvemlm ay thl clw systld9 thlrl ofc f`sn al blw rlpnrts, wheoh ofc hl`p dfcfgldlct ec mloesenc-dfkecg fcm onst onctrn``ecg, aut secol thlsl rlpnrts mn cnt glt rlquerlm fttlctenc, suoh kecm nb rlpnrts fcm ecbnrdftenc wlrl f`sn emlctebelm fcm gevlc rlquerlm fttlctenc.
Mltfe`s nb thl ecbnrdftenc cllmlm bnr lfoh mnoudlct fcm rlpnrt.
]hl rlquerlm brlqulcoy fcm mestreautenc bnr lfoh mnoudlct.
Zrnafa`l snurols nb ecbnrdftenc bnr lfoh mnoudlct fcm rlpnrt.
Weth thl edp`ldlctftenc nb ondputlrezlm systld, thl tfsk nb kllpecg rlonrms ec fc nrgfcezlm dfcclr we`` al sn`vlm. ]hl grlftlst nb f`` es thl rltrelvf` nb ecbnrdftenc, wheoh we`` al ft thl o`eok nb thl dnusl. _n thl prnpnslm systld hl`ps ec sfvecg thl tedl ec mebblrlct nplrftencs fcm dfkecg ecbnrdftenc b`nw lfsy gevecg vf`ufa`l rlpnrts.
Zfgl - 6:
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld Blfseae`ety _tumy9 Fbtlr mnecg thl prnilot ##ZnilotCfdl##, ##ZnilotCfdl##, stumy fcm fcf`yzecg fcf`yzecg f`` thl lxestecg nr rlquerlm bucotencf`etels nb thl systld, thl clxt tfsk es tn mn thl blfseae`ety stumy bnr thl prnilot. F`` prnilots frl blfsea`l - gevlc uc`edetlm rlsnurols fcm ecbecetl tedl. Blfseae`ety stumy eco`umls oncsemlrftenc nb f`` thl pnssea`l wfys tn prnveml f sn`utenc tn thl gevlc prna`ld. ]hl prnpnslm sn`utenc shnu`m sftesby f`` thl uslr rlquerldlcts fcm shnu`m al b`lxea`l lcnugh sn thft buturl ohfcgls ofc al lfse`y mncl afslm nc thl buturl upondecg rlquerldlcts. F. Loncndeof` Blfseae`ety
]hes es f vlry edpnrtfct fsplot tn al oncsemlrlm whe`l mlvl`npecg f prnilot. Wl mloemlm thl tlohcn`ngy afslm nc decedud pnssea`l onst bfotnr.
F`` hfrmwfrl fcm snbtwfrl onst hfs tn al anrcl ay thl nrgfcezftenc.
Nvlrf`` wl hfvl lstedftlm thft thl alclbets thl nrgfcezftenc es gnecg tn rlolevl brnd thl prnpnslm systld we`` surl`y nvlrondl thl ecetef` onsts fcm thl `ftlr nc ruccecg onst bnr systld.
A. ]lohceof` Blfseae`ety
]hes eco`umlm thl stumy nb bucotenc, plrbnrdfcol fcm oncstrfects thft dfy fbblot thl fae`ety tn fohelvl fc foolptfa`l systld. Bnr thes blfseae`ety stumy, wl stumelm ondp`ltl bucotencf`ety tn al prnvemlm ec thl systld, fs mlsorealm ec thl _ystld Qlquerldlct _ploebeoftenc (_Q_), fcm ohloklm eb lvlrythecg wfs pnssea`l usecg mebblrlct typl nb brnctlcm fcm afoklcm p`fbnrdst.
O. Nplrftencf` Blfseae`ety
Cn mnuat thl prnpnslm systld es bu``y G\E afslm thft es vlry uslr brelcm`y fcm f`` ecputs tn al tfklc f`` sl`b-lxp`fcftnry lvlc tn f `fydfc. Alsemls, f prnplr trfececg hfs allc oncmuotlm tn `lt kcnw thl lsslcol nb thl systld tn thl uslrs sn thft thly bll` ondbnrtfa`l weth clw systld. Fs bfr nur stumy es oncolrclm thl o`elcts frl ondbnrtfa`l fcm hfppy fs thl systld hfs out mnwc thler `nfms fcm mnecg.
Zfgl - 66
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld _ystld Mlsegc nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld Ec thes phfsl, f `ngeof` systld es aue`t wheoh bu`be`s thl gevlc rlquerldlcts. Mlsegc phfsl nb snbtwfrl mlvl`npdlct mlf`s weth trfcsbnrdecg thl o`elcts ―s rlquerldlcts ectn f `ngeof``y wnrkecg systld. Cnrdf``y, mlsegc es plrbnrdlm ec thl bn``nwecg ec thl bn``nwecg twn stlps9 6. Zredfry Mlsegc Zhfsl9
Ec thes phfsl, thl systld es mlsegclm ft a`nok `lvl`. ]hl a`noks frl orlftlm nc thl afses nb fcf`yses mncl ec thl prna`ld emlctebeoftenc phfsl. Mebblrlct a`noks frl orlftlm bnr mebblrlct bucotencs ldphfses es put nc decedesecg thl ecbnrdftenc b`nw altwllc a`noks. ]hus, f`` fotevetels wheoh rlquerl dnrl ectlrfotenc frl klpt ec ncl a`nok. 1. _loncmfry Mlsegc Zhfsl9
Ec thl sloncmfry phfsl thl mltfe`lm mlsegc nb lvlry a`nok es plrbnrdlm.
]hl glclrf` tfsks ecvn`vlm ec thl mlsegc prnolss frl thl bn``nwecg9 6. Mlsegc vfrenus a`noks bnr nvlrf`` systld prnolssls. 1. Mlsegc sdf``lr, ondpfot fcm wnrkfa`l dnmu`ls ec lfoh a`nok. ?. Mlsegc vfrenus mftfafsl struoturls. =. _ploeby mltfe`s nb prngrfds tn fohelvl mlserlm bucotencf`ety. <. Mlsegc thl bnrd nb ecputs, fcm nutputs nb thl systld. 2. Zlrbnrd mnoudlctftenc nb thl mlsegc. 7. _ystld rlvelws.
Zfgl - 61
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld \slr Ectlrbfol Mlsegc \slr Ectlrbfol Mlsegc es oncolrclm weth thl mef`ngul altwllc f uslr fcm thl ondputlr. Et es oncolrclm weth lvlrythecg brnd stfrtecg thl systld nr `nggecg ectn thl systld tn thl lvlctuf``y prlslctftenc nb mlserlm ecputs fcm nutputs. ]hl nvlrf`` b`nw nb sorllcs fcm dlssfgls es of``lm f mef`ngul. ]hl bn``nwecg stlps frl vfrenus gueml`ecls bnr \slr Ectlrbfol Mlsegc9 6. ]hl systld uslr shnu`m f`wfys al fwfrl nb whft tn mn clxt. 1. ]hl sorllc shnu`m al bnrdfttlm sn thft vfrenus typls nb ecbnrdftenc, ecstruotencs
fcm dlssfgls f`wfys fpplfr ec thl sfdl glclrf` mesp`fy frlf. ?. Dlssfgl, ecstruotencs nr ecbnrdftenc shnu`m al mesp`fylm `ncg lcnugh tn f``nw
thl systld uslr tn rlfm thld. =. \sl mesp`fy fttreautls spfrecg`y. <. Mlbfu`t vf`uls bnr bel`ms fcm fcswlrs tn al lctlrlm ay thl uslr shnu`m al
sploebelm. shnu`m cnt cnt al f``nwlm f``nwlm tn prnollm prnollm wethnut wethnut onrrlotecg onrrlotecg fc fc lrrnr. 2. F uslr shnu`m 7. ]hl systld uslr shnu`m clvlr glt fc nplrftecg systld dlssfgl nr bftf` lrrnr.
Zfgl - 6?
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld Zrl`edecfry Zrnmuot Mlsoreptenc9 ]hl berst stlp ec thl systld mlvl`npdlct `ebl oyo`l es thl prl`edecfry ecvlstegftenc tn mltlrdecl thl blfseae`ety nb thl systld. ]hl purpnsl nb thl prl`edecfry ecvlstegftenc es tn lvf`uftl prnilot rlqulsts. Et es cnt f mlsegc stumy cnr mnls et eco`uml thl on``lotenc nb mltfe`s tn mlsoreal thl auseclss systld ec f`` rlsplot. Qfthlr, et es thl on``lotecg nb ecbnrdftenc thft hl`ps onddettll dldalrs tn lvf`uftl thl dlrets nb thl prnilot rlqulst fcm dfkl fc ecbnrdlm iumgdlct fanut thl blfseae`ety nb thl prnpnslm prnilot. Fcf`ysts wnrkecg nc thl prl`edecfry ecvlstegftenc shnu`m foondp`esh thl bn``nwecg nailotevls9
O`freby fcm ucmlrstfcm thl prnilot rlqulst Mltlrdecl thl sezl nb thl prnilot. Fsslss onsts onsts fcm alclbets nb f`tlrcftevl f`tlrcftevl fpprnfohls fpprnfohls.. Mltlrdecl thl tlohceof` fcm nplrftencf` blfseae`ety nb f`tlrcftevl fpprnfohls. Qlpnrt thl becmecgs tn dfcfgldlct, weth rlonddlcmftencs nut`ececg thl foolptfcol nr rlilotenc nb thl prnpnsf`.
Alclbet tn Nrgfcezftenc
]hl nrgfcezftenc we`` navenus`y al fa`l tn gfec alclbets suoh fs sfvecgs ec nplrftecg onst, rlmuotenc ec pfplrwnrk, alttlr ute`ezftenc nb hudfc rlsnurols fcm dnrl prlslctfa`l edfgl ecorlfsecg gnnmwe``.
]hl Ecetef` Onst
]hl ecetef` onst nb slttecg up thl systld we`` eco`uml thl onst nb hfrmwfrl snbtwfrl (N_, fmm-nc snbtwfrl, ute`etels) & `fanur (sltup & dfectlcfcol). ]hl sfdl hfs tn alfr ay thl nrgfcezftenc.
Zfgl - 6=
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld Quccecg Onst
Alsemls, thl ecetef` onst thl `ncg tlrd onst we`` eco`uml thl ruccecg onst bnr thl systld eco`umecg thl FDO, stftencfry ohfrgls, onst bnr hudfc rlsnurols, onst bnr upmftl/rlclwf` nb vfrenus rl`ftlm snbtwfrl. Cllm bnr ]rfececg
]hl uslrs f`ncg weth thl fmdecestrftnr cllm tn al trfeclm ft thl tedl nb edp`ldlctftenc nb thl systld bnr sdnnth ruccecg nb thl systld. ]hl o`elct we`` prnveml thl trfececg setl. Wl tf`klm tn thl dfcfgldlct plnp`l whn wlrl dfcfgecg f thl becfcoef` essuls nb thl olctlr, thl stfbb whn wlrl kllpecg thl rlonrms ec `nts nb rlgestlrs fcm thl rlpnrtecg dfcfglr rlgfrmecg thler lxestecg systld, thler rlquerldlcts fcm thler lxplotftencs brnd thl clw prnpnslm systld. ]hlc, wl mem thl systld stumy nb thl lcterl systld afslm nc thler rlquerldlcts fcm thl fmmetencf` blfturls thly wfctlm tn econrpnrftl ec thes systld. Ql`efa`l, foourftl fcm slourl mftf wfs f`sn oncsemlrlm tn al f ondp`lx tfsk wethnut thes prnpnslm systld. Alofusl thlrl wfs cn suoh rlonrm bnr kllpecg trfok nb f`` thl fotevetels, wheoh wfs mncl ay thl Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld nc thl mfe`y afses. ]hl clw systld prnpnslm fcm thlc mlvl`nplm ay dl we`` lfsl thl tfsk nb thl nrgfcezftenc ec oncsemlrftenc. Et we`` al hl`pbu` ec glclrftecg thl rlquerlm rlpnrts ay thl stfbb, wheoh we`` hl`p thld tn trfok thler prngrlss fcm slrveols. ]hus, et we`` lfsl thl tfsk nb Dfcfgldlct tn f grlft lxtlct fs f`` thl dfinr fotevetels tn al plrbnrdlm, frl ondputlrezlm thrnugh thes systld.
Zfgl - 6<
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld Zrnilot Oftlgnry Ql`ftencf` Mftfafsl Dfcfgldlct _ystld (QMAD_) 9 ]hes es fc QMAD_ afslm prnilot wheoh es ourrlct`y usecg Dy_V@ bnr f`` thl trfcsfotenc stftldlcts. Dy_V@ es fc nplcsnurol QMAD_ _ystld. Arelb Ectrnmuotenc fanut QMA_D 9
F rl`ftencf` rl`ftencf` mftfafsl dfcfgldlct dfcfgldlct systld (QMAD_) (QMAD_) es f mftfafsl dfcfgldlct dfcfgldlct systld (MAD_) thft es afslm nc thl rl`ftencf` dnml` fs ecvlctlm ay L. B. Onmm, nb EAD's _fc Insl Qlslfroh @fanrftnry. Dfcy pnpu`fr mftfafsls ourrlct`y ec usl frl afslm nc thl rl`ftencf` mftfafsl dnml`. QMAD_s hfvl alondl f prlmndecfct ohneol bnr thl stnrfgl nb ecbnrdftenc ec clw mftfafsls uslm bnr becfcoef` rlonrms, dfcubfoturecg fcm `ngesteof` ecbnrdftenc, plrsnccl` mftf, fcm duoh dnrl secol thl 658:s. Ql`ftencf` mftfafsls hfvl nbtlc rlp`folm `lgfoy helrfroheof` mftfafsls fcm cltwnrk mftfafsls alofusl thly frl lfselr tn ucmlrstfcm fcm usl. Hnwlvlr, rl`ftencf` mftfafsls hfvl allc ohf``lcglm ay nailot mftfafsls, wheoh wlrl ectrnmuolm ec fc fttldpt tn fmmrlss thl nailot-rl`ftencf` edplmfcol desdftoh ec rl`ftencf` mftfafsl, fcm XD@ mftfafsls.
Zfgl - 62
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld Edp`ldlctftenc Dlthnmn`ngy9 Dnml` Relw Onctrn``lr nr DRO fs et es pnpu`fr`y of``lm, es f snbtwfrl mlsegc pfttlrc bnr mlvl`npecg wla fpp`eoftencs. F Dnml` Relw Onctrn``lr pfttlrc es dfml up nb thl bn``nwecg thrll pfrts9
Dnml` - ]hl `nwlst `lvl` nb thl pfttlrc wheoh es rlspncsea`l bnr dfectfececg mftf.
Relw - ]hes es rlspncsea`l bnr mesp`fyecg f`` nr f pnrtenc nb thl mftf tn thl uslr.
- _nbtwfrl Onml thft onctrn`s thl ectlrfotencs altwllc thl Dnml` fcm Onctrn``lr Relw.
DRO es pnpu`fr fs et esn`ftls thl fpp`eoftenc `ngeo brnd thl uslr ectlrbfol `fylr fcm suppnrts slpfrftenc nb oncolrcs. Hlrl thl Onctrn``lr Onctrn``lr rlolevls f`` rlqulsts bnr thl fpp`eoftenc fcm thlc wnrks weth thl Dnml` tn prlpfrl fcy mftf cllmlm ay thl Relw. ]hl Relw thlc usls thl mftf prlpfrlm ay thl Onctrn``lr tn glclrftl f becf` prlslctfa`l rlspncsl. ]hl DRO fastrfotenc ofc al grfpheof``y rlprlslctlm fs bn``nws. DRO (Dnml` Relw Onctrn``lr B`nw) Mefgrfd MF]F B@NW MEFGQFD_
Zfgl - 67
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld Zrnilot Z`fccecg9 _nbtwfrl prnilot p`fc ofc al velwlm fs thl bn``nwecg9 6) Wethec thl nrgfcezftenc9 Hnw thl prnilot es tn al edp`ldlctlm> Whft frl
vfrenus oncstrfects (tedl, onst, stfbb)> Whft es dfrklt strftlgy> 1) Weth rlsplot tn thl oustndlr9 Wllk`y nr tedl`y dlltecgs weth thl oustndlr
weth prlslctftenc nc stftus rlpnrts. Oustndlrs bllmafok es f`sn tfklc fcm burthlr dnmebeoftenc fcm mlvl`npdlcts frl mncl. Zrnilot de`lstncls fcm ml`evlrfa`ls frl f`sn prlslctlm tn thl oustndlr. Bnr f suoolssbu` snbtwfrl prnilot, thl bn``nwecg stlps ofc al bn``nwlm9
_l`lot f prnilot n
Emlctebyecg prnilot―s feds fcm nailotevls
n
\cmlrstfcmecg rlquerldlcts fcm sploebeoftenc
n
Dlthnms nb fcf`yses, mlsegc fcm edp`ldlctftenc
n
]lstecg tlohcequls
Mnoudlctftenc
n
Zrnilot de`lstncls fcm ml`evlrfa`ls
Aumglt f``noftenc n
Lxollmecg `edets wethec onctrn`
Zrnilot Lstedftls Onst
n
]edl
n
n
_ezl nb onml
Zfgl - 68
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld Murftenc
n
Qlsnurol F``noftenc Hfrmwfrl
n
_nbtwfrl
n
n
Zrlvenus rl`lvfct prnilot ecbnrdftenc
n
Megetf` @earfry
Qesk Dfcfgldlct n
Qesk fvnemfcol
n
Qesk mltlotenc
Zfgl - 65
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld Zrnilot _ohlmu`ecg9
Fc l`ldlctfry Gfctt ohfrt nr ]edl`ecl ohfrt bnr thl mlvl`npdlct mlvl`npdlct p`fc es gevlc al`nw. ]hl p`fc lxp`fecs thl tfsks vlrsus thl tedl (ec wllks) thly we`` tfkl tn ondp`ltl.
Ifcufry
Blarufry
Dfroh
Qlquerldlct Gfthlrecg Fcf`yses Mlsegc Onmecg ]lstecg Edp`ldlct W6 W1 W? W= W6 W1 W? W= W6 W1 W? W=
We‘ s frl wllks nb thl dncths, bnr e 46, 1, ?, =
Zfgl - 1:
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld Onst lstedftenc nb thl prnilot9
_nbtwfrl onst ondpresls f sdf`` plrolctfgl nb nvlrf`` ondputlr-afslm systld onst. ]hlrl frl f cudalr nb bfotnrs, wheoh frl oncsemlrlm, thft ofc fbblot thl u`tedftl onst nb thl snbtwfrl suoh fs - hudfc, tlohceof`, Hfrmwfrl fcm _nbtwfrl fvfe`fae`ety lto. ]hl dfec pnect thft wfs oncsemlrlm murecg thl onst lstedftenc nb prnilot wfs ets sezecg. Ec spetl nb ondp`ltl snbtwfrl sezecg, bucotenc pnect fcm fpprnxedftl `ecls nb onml wlrl f`sn uslm tn "sezl" lfoh l`ldlct nb thl _nbtwfrl fcm thler onstecg. ]hl onst lstedftenc mncl ay dl bnr Zrnilot f`sn mlplcm upnc thl afsl`ecl dltreos on``lotlm brnd pfst prnilots fcm thlsl wlrl uslm ec onciucotenc weth lstedftenc vfrefa`ls tn mlvl`np onst fcm lbbnrt prnilotencs. Wl hfvl afseof``y lstedftlm thes prnilot dfec`y nc twn afsls 6) Lbbnrt Lstedftenc - ]hes rlblrs tn thl tntf` dfc-hnurs rlquerlm bnr thl mlvl`npdlct
nb thl prnilot. Et lvlc eco`umls thl tedl rlquerlm bnr mnecg mnoudlctftenc fcm uslr dfcuf`. 1) Hfrmwfrl Qlquerlm Lstedftenc - ]hes eco`umls thl onst nb thl ZOs fcm thl
hfrmwfrl onst rlquerlm bnr mlvl`npdlct nb thes prnilot.
Zfgl - 16
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld ]nn`s/Z`ftbnrd, Hfrmwfrl fcm _nbtwfrl Qlquerldlct sploebeoftencs9
_nbtwfrl Qlquerldlcts9 Cfdl nb ondpnclct
_ploebeoftenc
Nplrftecg _ystld
Wecmnws 58, Wecmnws XZ, Wecmnws7, @ecux
@fcgufgl
Ifvf 1 Quctedl Lcverncdlct
Mftfafsl
Dy_V@ _lrvlr
Arnwslr
Fcy nb Dnze``f, Dnze``f, Nplrf, Nplrf, Ohrndl lto
Wla _lrvlr
]ndoft 7
_nbtwfrl Mlvl`npdlct Ket
Ifvf IMK 6.7 nr Fanvl
_oreptecg @fcgufgl Lcfa`l
I_Z (Ifvf _lrvlr Zfgls)
Mftfafsl IMAO Mrevlr
Dy_V@ Ioncclotnr
Hfrmwfrl Qlquerldlcts9 Cfdl nb ondpnclct
_ploebeoftenc
Zrnolssnr
Zlcteud EEE 2?:DHz
QFD
618 DA
Hfrm mesk
1: GA
Dncetnr
6<— on`nr dncetnr
Klyanfrm
611 klys
Zfgl - 11
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld Zrnilot Zrnbe`l
]hlrl hfs allc onctecunus lbbnrt tn mlvl`np tnn`s, wheoh ofc lfsl thl prnolss nb snbtwfrl mlvl`npdlct. Aut, weth thl lvn`vecg trlcm nb mebblrlct prngrfddecg pfrfmegds tnmfy―s snbtwfrl mlvl`nplrs frl rlf``y ohf``lcglm tn mlf` weth thl ohfcgecg tlohcn`ngy. Fdncg nthlr essuls, essuls, snbtwfrl snbtwfrl rl-lcgecllrecg rl-lcgecllrecg es es alecg rlgfrmlm rlgfrmlm fs fc edpnrtfct edpnrtfct prnolss prnolss ec thl snbtwfrl mlvl`npdlct ecmustry. Ncl nb thl dfinr tfsks hlrl es tn ucmlrstfcm snbtwfrl systlds thft frl f`rlfmy mlvl`nplm fcm tn trfcsbnrd thld tn f mebblrlct snbtwfrl lcverncdlct. Glclrf``y, thes rlquerls f `nt nb dfcuf` lbbnrt ec gnecg thrnugh f prngrfd thft deght hfvl allc mlvl`nplm ay fcnthlr prngrfddlr. ]hes prnilot dfkls f cnvl` fttldpt tn fmmrlss thl essulm nb prngrfd fcf`yses fcm glclrftenc nb mefgrfds, wheoh ofc mlpeot thl struoturl nb f prngrfd ec f alttlr wfy. ]nmfy, \D@ es alecg oncsemlrlm fs fc ecmustref` stfcmfrm bnr snbtwfrl lcgecllrecg mlsegc prnolss.
Et
lsslctef` prnvemls slvlrf` mefgrfddecg tnn`s thft ofc lxprlss mebblrlct fsplots/ ohfrfotlresteos nb prngrfd suoh fs \sl ofsls9 L`eoet rlquerldlct brnd uslrs ec dlfcecgbu` ohucks. Oncstruotenc p`fccecg
es aue`t frnucm ml`evlrecg sndl usl ofsls c lfoh ectlrfotenc afses bnr systld tlstecg. O`fss mefgrfds 9 shnws stfteo struoturl nb oncolpts, typls fcm o`fss. Oncolpts hnw
uslrs theck fanut thl wnr`m; typl shnws ectlrbfols nb snbtwfrl ondpnclcts; o`fssls shnws edp`ldlctftenc nb snbtwfrl ondpnclcts. Ectlrfotenc mefgrfds9 shnws hnw slvlrf` nailots on``fanrftl ec secg`l usl ofsl. Zfokfgl mefgrfd9 shnw grnup nb o`fssls fcm mlplcmlcoels fdncg thld. _tftl mefgrfd9 shnw hnw secg`l nailot alhfvls fornss dfcy usl ofsls. Fotevety mefgrfd9 shnws alhfvenr weth onctrn` struoturl. Ofc shnw dfcy nailots nvlr
dfcy usls, dfcy nailot ec secg`l usl ofsl, nr edp`ldlctftencs dlthnms lconurfgl pfrf``l` alhfvenr, lto.
Zfgl - 1?
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld ]hl lcm-prnmuot nb thes prnilot es f ondprlhlcsevl tnn` thft ofc pfrsl fcy va.clt prngrfd fcm lxtrfot dnst nb thl nailot nrelctlm blfturls echlrlct ec thl prngrfd suoh fs pn`ydnrphesd, echlretfcol, lcofpsu`ftenc fcm fastrfotenc. Whft es \D@>
\D@ stfcms bnr \cebelm Dnml`ecg @fcgufgl es thl suoolssnr tn thl wfvl nb Nailot Nrelctlm Fcf`yses fcm Mlsegc (NNF&M) dlthnms thft fpplfrlm ec thl `ftl 8:―s. Et dnst merlot`y ucebels thl dlthnms nb Annoh, Qudafugh (ND]) fcm Ifonasnc. ]hl \D@ es of``lm f dnml`ecg `fcgufgl, cnt f dlthnm. Dnst dlthnms oncsest ft `lfst ec precoep`l, nb anth f dnml`ecg `fcgufgl fcm f prnolss. ]hl Dnml`ecg `fcgufgl es thft cntftenc thft dlthnms uslm tn lxprlss mlsegc. Cntftencs fcm dltf-dnml`s 9
]hl cntftenc es thl grfpheof` stubb; et es thl syctfx nb thl dnml`ecg `fcgufgl. Bnr ecstfcol, o`fss mefgrfd cntftenc mlbecls hnw etlds frl oncolpts suoh fs o`fss, fssnoeftenc, fcm du`tep`eoety es rlprlslctlm. ]hlsl frl9 O`fss Mefgrfd9 ]hl o`fss mefgrfd tlohcequl hfs alondl tru`y olctrf` wethec nailot-
nrelctlm dlthnms. Rertuf``y lvlry dlthnm hfs eco`umlm sndl vfreftenc nc thes tlohcequl. O`fss mefgrfd es f`sn suailot tn thl grlftlst rfcgl nb dnml`ecg oncolpt. F`thnugh thl afseo l`ldlcts frl cllmlm ay lvlryncl, fmvfcolm oncolpts frl uslm `lss nbtlc. F o`fss mefgrfd mlsoreals thl typls nb nailots ec thl systld fcm thl vfrenus kecms nb stfteo rl`ftencshep thft lxest fdncg thld.
]hlrl frl twn precoepf` kecms nb stfteo
rl`ftencshep9 Fssnoeftenc
_uatypl
O`fss mefgrfd f`sn shnw thl fttreautls fcm nplrftencs nb f o`fss fcm thl oncstrfects thft fpp`y tn thl wfy nailots frl oncclotlm.
Zfgl - 1=
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld Fssnoeftenc9 Fssnoeftenc rlprlslct altwllc ecstfcols nb o`fss. Brnd thl oncolptuf`
plrsplotevl, fssnoeftenc rlprlslcts oncolptuf` rl`ftencs altwllc o`fssls. Lfoh fssnoeftenc hfs twn rn`ls. Lfoh rn`l es f merlotenc nc thl fssnoeftenc. F rn`l f`sn hfs du`tep`eoety, wheoh es f ecmeoftenc nb hnw dfcy nailot dfy pfrteoepftl ec thl gevlc rl`ftencshep. Glclrf`ezftenc 9 F typeof` lxfdp`l nb glclrf`ezftenc lvn`vls thl plrsncf` fcm onrpnrftl
oustndlr nb f auseclss. ]hly hfvl mebblrlcols aut f`sn dfcy sede`frety. ]hl sede`fretels ofc al p`folm ec glclrf`ezftenc weth plrsncf` oustndlr fcm onrpnrftl oustndlr sua typl. Fggrlgftenc9 fggrlgftenc es thl pfrt nb rl`ftencshep. Et es `ekl sfyecg f ofr hfs lcgecl
fcm whll`s fs ets pfrts. ]hes snucms gnnm, aut mebbeou`t thecg es oncsemlrecg, whft es thl mebblrlcol es fggrlgftenc fcm fssnoeftenc. Ectlrfotenc9 ectlrfotenc mefgrfds frl dnml`s thft mlsoreals hnw grnups nb nailots
on``fanrftenc ec sndl alhfvenr. ]ypeof``y, fc ectlrfotenc mefgrfd ofpturls thl alhfvenr f secg`l usl ofsls. ]hl mefgrfd shnws f cudalr nb lxfdp`l nailots fcm thl dlssfgls thft frl pfsslm altwllc thlsl nailots ec usl ofsls. ]hlsl frl bn``nwecg fpprnfohls weth sedp`l usl ofsl thft lxheaets thl bn``nwecg alhfvenr. Nailots ofc slcm f dlssfgl tn fcnthlr. Lfoh dlssfgl es ohloks weth gevlc stnok etld. ]hlrl frl twn mefgrfds9 _lqulcol fcm On``fanrftenc mefgrfd. Zfokfgl Mefgrfd9 Ncl nb thl n`mlst qulstencs ec snbtwfrl dlthnms es9 hnw mn ynu
arlfk mnwc f `frgl systld ectn sdf``lr systlds> Et alondls mebbeou`t tn ucmlrstfcm fcm thl ohfcgls wl dfkl tn thld. _truoturlm dlthnms uslm bucotencf` mlondpnsetenc ec wheoh thl nvlrf`` systld wfs dfpplm fs f bucotenc arnklc mnwc ectn sua bucotenc, wheoh es burthlr arnklc mnwc ectn sua bucotenc fcm sn bnrth. ]hl slpfrftenc nb prnolss mftf es gncl, bucotencf` mlondpnsetenc es gncl, aut thl n`m qulstenc es ste`` rldfecs. Ncl emlf es tn grnup thl o`fssls tnglthlr ectn heghlr-`lvl` ucet. ]hes emlf, fpp`elm vlry `nnsl`y, fpplfrs ec dfcy
Zfgl - 1<
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld nailots. Ec \D@, thes grnupecg dlohfcesd es pfokfgl. ]hl tlrd pfokfgl mefgrfd bnr f mefgrfd thft shnws pfokfgls nb o`fssls fcm thl mlplcmlcoels fdncg thld. F mlplcmlcoy mlplcmlcoy lxests altwllc twn l`ldlcts eb ohfcgls tn thl mlbecetenc nb ncl l`ldlct dfy ofusl tn nthlr. Weth o`fssls, mlplcmlcoels lxest bnr vfrenus rlfsncs9 ncl o`fss slcms f dlssfgl tn fcnthlr; ncl o`fss hfs fcnthlr fs pfrt nb ets mftf; ncl o`fss dlctencs fcnthlr fs f pfrfdltlr tn fc nplrftenc. F mlplcmlcoy altwllc twn pfokfgls lxests; fcm fcy mlplcmlcoels lxest altwllc fcy twn o`fssls ec thl pfokfgl. _tftl mefgrfd9 _tftl mefgrfd frl f bfde`efr tlohcequl tn mlsoreal thl alhfvenr nb f
systld. ]hly mlsoreal f`` thl pnssea`l stftls f pfrteou`fr nailot ofc glt ectn fcm hnw thl nailots stftl ohfcgls fs f rlsu`t nb lvlcts thft rlfoh thl nailots. Ec dnst NN tlohcequl, stftl mefgrfds frl mrfwc bnr f secg`l o`fss tn shnw thl `ebltedl alhfvenr nb f secgl nailot. ]hlrl frl dfcy bnrd nb stftl mefgrfd, lfoh weth s`eght`y mebblrlct sldfcteos. ]hl dnst pnpu`fr ncl uslm ec NN tlohcequl es afslm nc Mfvem Hfrl`―s stftl ohfrt.
Zfgl - 12
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld ZLQ] OHFQ] (Zrngrfd Lvf`uftenc Qlvelw ]lohcequl) ZLQ] ohfrt es nrgfcezlm bnr lvlcts, fotevetels nr tfsks. Et es f sohlmu`ecg mlveol thft shnws grfpheof``y thl nrmlr nb thl tfsks tn al plrbnrdlm. Et lcfa`ls thl of`ou`ftenc nb thl oreteof` pfth. ]hl tedl fcm onst fssnoeftlm f`ncg f pfth es of`ou`ftlm fcm thl pfth rlquerls thl grlftlst fdnuct nb l`fpslm tedl ec oreteof` pfth.
Mlsegc
Onml
Mftfafsl
mftfafsl Ectlgrftl fcm ]lst
_ploebeoftenc
Mlsegc G\E
Onml G\E
frt
Zfrt
Edp`ldlctftenc Wretl \slr Dfcuf`
ZLQ] Ohfrt rlprlslctftenc
Zfgl - 17
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld GFC]] OHFQ]
Et es f`sn kcnwc fs Afr ohfrt es uslm lxo`usevl`y bnr sohlmu`ecg purpnsl. Et es f prnilot onctrn``ecg tlohcequl. Et es uslm bnr sohlmu`ecg. Aumgltecg fcm rlsnuroecg p`fccecg. F Gfctt es f afr ohfrt weth lfoh afr rlprlslctecg fotevety. ]hl afrs frl mrfwc fgfecst f tedl `ecl. ]hl `lcgth nb tedl p`fcclm bnr thl fotevety. ]hl Gfctt ohfrt ec thl begurl shnws thl Grfy pfrts es s`fok tedl thft es thl `ftlst ay wheoh f tfsk hfs allc beceshlm.
6-65 DFU 6: 1:-? I\CL 6: 2-1< I\CL 6: 12-6< I\@U 6: I\@U 62 F\G ?6 _ploebeoftenc
Mlsegc Mftfafsl Zfrt
Mlsegc G\E
Dnmu`ftenc
ONML MF]FAF_L ZFQ]
ONML G\E
A@FOK ANX ]L_]ECG
EC]LGQF]L FCM ]L_]
EDZ@LDLC]F]ENC
WQE]L \_LQ DFC\F@
GFC]] OHFQ] QLZQL_LC]F]ENC
Zfgl - 18
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld \sl Ofsl Dnml` nb thl Zrnilot9
]hl usl ofsl dnml` bnr fcy systld oncsests nb ‐usl ofsls—. \sl ofsls rlprlslct mebblrlct wfys ec wheoh thl systld ofc al uslm ay thl uslr. F sedp`l wfy tn becm f`` thl usl ofsl nb f systld es tn fsk thl qulstencs ‐Whft thl uslr ofc mn usecg thl systld>— ]hl usl ofsls pfrtetenc thl systld alhfvenr ectn trfcsfotencs suoh thft lfoh trfcsfotenc plrbnrds sndl uslbu` fotenc brnd thl uslrs― pnect nb velw. ]hl purpnsl nb thl usl ofsl tn mlbecl f pelol nb onhlrlct alhfvenr wethnut rlvl`ecg thl ectlrcf` struoturl nb thl systld. Fc usl ofsl typeof``y rlprlslcts f slqulcol nb ectlrfotenc altwllc thl uslr fcm thl systld. ]hlsl ectlrfotencs oncsests nb ncl dfec `ecl slqulcol es rlprlslct thl cnrdf` ectlrfotenc altwllc thl uslr fcm thl systld. ]hl usl ofsl dnml` es fc edpnrtfct fcf`yses fcm mlsegc frtebfot (tfsk).\sl ofsls ofc al rlprlslctlm ay mrfwecg f usl ofsl mefgrfd fcm wretecg fc foondpfcy tlxt l`fanrftecg thl mrfwecg. Ec thl usl ofsl mefgrfd lfoh usl ofsl es rlprlslctlm ay fc l``epsl weth thl cfdl nb usl ofsl wrettlc ecseml thl l``epsl. F`` thl l``epsls nb thl systld frl lco`nslm weth ec f rlotfcg`l wheoh rlprlslcts thl systld anucmfry. ]hl cfdl nb thl systld alecg dnmu`lm fpplfrs ecseml thl rlotfcg`l. ]hl mebblrlct uslrs nb thl systld frl rlprlslctlm ay usecg steok plrsnc eonc. ]hl steok plrsnc eonc es cnrdf``y rlblrrlm tn fs fc Fotnr. ]hl `ecl oncclotecg thl fotnr fcm thl usl ofsls es of``lm thl ondduceoftenc rl`ftencshep. Whlc f steok plrsnc eonc rlprlslcts fc lxtlrcf` systld et es fccntftlm ay thl stlrln typl00lxtlrcf` systld33.
Zfgl - 15
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld Mftfb`nw Mefgrfd9
Mftf b`nw mefgrfd es thl stfrtecg pnect nb thl mlsegc phfsl thft bucotencf``y mlondpnsls thl rlquerldlcts sploebeoftenc. F MBM oncsests nb f slrels nb auaa`ls ineclm ay `ecls. ]hl auaa`ls rlprlslct rlprlslct mftf trfcsbnrdftenc trfcsbnrdftenc fcm thl `ecls rlprlslct rlprlslct mftf b`nws ec thl systld. F MBM mlsoreals whft mftf b`nw rfthlr thfc hnw thly frl prnolsslm, sn et mnls cnt hfrmwfrl, snbtwfrl fcm mftf struoturl. F mftf-b`nw mefgrfd ( MBM) es f grfpheof` rlprlslctftenc nb thl "b`nw" nb mftf thrnugh fc ecbnrdftenc systld. systld . MBMs ofc f`sn al uslm bnr thl vesuf`ezftenc nb mftf prnolssecg (struoturlm mlsegc). F mftf b`nw mefgrfd (MBM) es f segcebeofct dnml`ecg tlohcequl bnr fcf`yzecg fcm oncstruotecg ecbnrdftenc prnolssls. MBM `etlrf``y dlfcs fc e``ustrftenc thft lxp`fecs thl onursl nr dnvldlct nb ecbnrdftenc ec f prnolss. MBM e``ustrftls thes b`nw nb ecbnrdftenc ec f prnolss afslm nc thl ecputs fcm nutputs. F MBM ofc al rlblrrlm tn fs f Zrnolss Dnml`. ]hl mftf b`nw mefgrfd es f grfpheof` mlsoreptenc nb f systld―s mftf fcm hnw tn Zrnolss trfcsbnrd thl mftf es kcnwc fs Mftf B`nw Mefgrfd (MBM). \c`ekl mltfe`s b`nw ohfrt, MBMs mnc―t supp`y mltfe ` mlsoreptencs nb dnmu`ls thft grfpheof``y mlsoreal f systld―s mftf fcm hnw thl mftf ectlrfot weth thl systld. Mftf b`nw mefgrfd cudalr nb sydan`s fcm thl bn``nwecg sydan`s frl nb ay MlDfron.
prnolss
Mftf stnrl
_nurol/seck
Mftf B`nw MlDfron & Unurmnc sydan`s
Gfcl & _frsnc sydan`s
Zfgl - ?:
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld ]hlrl frl slvlc ru`ls bnr oncstruot f mftf b`nw mefgrfd.
cnt ornss lfoh lfoh nthlr. nthlr. e) Frrnws shnu`m cnt ee) _qufrls, oero`ls fcm be`ls dust wlfrs cfdls. eee) Mlondpnslm mftf b`nws dust al af`fcolm. ev) Cn twn mftf b`nws, squfrls nr oero`ls ofc al thl sfdl cfdls. v) Mrfw f`` mftf b`nws frnucm thl nutseml nb thl mefgrfd. ve) Ohnnsl dlfcecgbu` cfdls bnr mftf b`nws, prnolssls & mftf stnrls. vee) Onctrn`
ecbnrdftenc
suoh
fs
rlonrm
ucets,
pfsswnrm
fcm
vf`emftenc
rlquerldlcts frl cnt plcetlct tn f mftf b`nw mefgrfd. Fmmetencf``y, Fmmetencf``y, f MBM ofc al ute`ezlm tn vesuf`ezl mftf prnolssecg nr f struoturlm mlsegc. ]hes afseo MBM ofc al thlc mesectlgrftlm tn f `nwlr `lvl` mefgrfd mldncstrftecg sdf``lr stlps lxheaetecg mltfe`s nb thl systld thft es alecg dnml`lm. Nc f MBM, mftf etlds b`nw brnd fc lxtlrcf` mftf snurol nr fc ectlrcf` mftf stnrl tn fc ectlrcf` mftf stnrl nr fc lxtlrcf` mftf seck, vef fc ectlrcf` prnolss. Et es onddnc prfoteol tn mrfw f onctlxt-`lvl` mftf b`nw mefgrfd berst, wheoh shnws thl ectlrfotenc altwllc thl systld fcm lxtlrcf` fglcts, wheoh fot fs mftf snurols fcm mftf secks. Nc thl onctlxt mefgrfd (f`sn kcnwc fs thl @lvl` : MBM―), thl systld's ectlrfotencs weth thl nutseml wnr`m frl dnml`lm purl`y ec tlrds nb mftf b`nws fornss thl systld anucmfry. ]hl onctlxt mefgrfd shnws thl lcterl systld fs f secg`l prnolss, fcm gevls cn o`uls fs tn ets ectlrcf` nrgfcezftenc. ]hes onctlxt-`lvl` MBM es clxt "lxp`nmlm", tn prnmuol f @lvl` 6 MBM thft shnws sndl nb thl mltfe` nb thl systld alecg dnml`lm. ]hl @lvl` 6 MBM shnws hnw thl systld es mevemlm ectn sua-systlds (prnolssls), lfoh nb wheoh mlf`s weth ncl nr dnrl nb thl mftf b`nws tn nr brnd fc lxtlrcf` fglct, fcm wheoh tnglthlr prnveml f`` nb thl bucotencf`ety nb thl systld fs f whn`l. ]hl `lvl` 6 MBM es burthlr sprlfmlm fcm sp`et ectn dnrl mlsoreptevl fcm mltfe`lm mlsoreptenc fanut thl prnilot fs `lvl` 1 MBM.]hl `lvl` 1 MBM ofc al f cudalr nb mftf b`nws wheoh we`` becf``y shnw thl lcterl mlsoreptenc nb thl snbtwfrl prnilot.
Zfgl - ?6
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld Fanut LQ Mefgrfd9 Lctety Ql`ftencshep Mefgrfd
L-Q Dnml` es f pnpu`fr hegh `lvl` oncolptuf` mftf dnml`. ]hes dnml` fcm ets vfreftencs frl brlqulct`y uslm bnr thl oncolptuf` mlsegc nb mftfafsl fpp`eoftenc fcm dfcy mftfafsl mlsegc tnn`s ldp`ny ets oncolpt. F mftfafsl mftfafsl thft oncberds oncberds tn fc L-Q mefgrfd mefgrfd ofc al rlprlslctlm rlprlslctlm ay f on``lotnc on``lotnc nb tfa`ls tfa`ls ec thl rl`ftencf` systld. ]hl dfppecg nb L-Q mefgrfd tn thl lctetels frl9 Fttreautls
Ql`ftencs
Dfcy-tn-dfcy
n
Dfcy-tn-ncl
n
Ncl-tn-dfcy
n
Ncl-tn-ncl
n
Wlfk lctetels
_ua-typl fcm suplr-typl
]hl lctetels fcm thler rl`ftencshnps altwllc thld frl shnwc usecg thl bn``nwecg oncvlctencs.
Fc lctety es shnwc ec rlotfcg`l.
F mefdncm rlprlslct thl rl`ftencshep fdncg cudalr nb lctetels.
]hl fttreautls shnwc fs nvf`s frl oncclotlm tn thl lctetels nr rl`ftencshep ay `ecls.
Mefdncm,nvf` fcm rl`ftencsheps frl `fal`lm.
Zfgl - ?1
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld
Dnml` es fc fastrfotenc prnolss thft hemls suplr mltfe`s whe`l hegh`eghtecg mltfe`s rl`ftenc tn fpp`eoftenc ft lcm.
F mftf dnml` es f dlohfcesd thft prnvemls thes fastrfotenc bnr mftfafsl fpp`eoftenc.
Mftf dnml`ecg es uslm bnr rlprlslctecg lctetels fcm thler rl`ftencshep ec thl mftfafsl.
Lctetels frl thl afseo ucets uslm ec dnml`ecg mftfafsl lctetels ofc hfvl oncorltl lxestlcol nr oncstetutl emlfs nr oncolpts.
Lctety typl nr lctety slt es f grnup nb sede`fr nailots oncolrc tn fc nrgfcezftenc bnr wheoh et dfectfec mftf,
Zrnplrtels frl ohfrfotlresteos nb fc lctety f`sn of``lm fs fttreautls.
F kly es f secg`l fttreautl nr ondaecftenc nb 1 nr dnrl fttreautls nb fc lctety slt es uslm tn emlcteby ncl nr dnrl ecstfcols nb thl slt.
Ec rl`ftencf` dnml` wl rlprlslct thl lctety ay f rl`ftenc fcm usl tup`ls tn rlprlslct fc ecstfcol nb thl lctety.
Ql`ftencshep es uslm ec mftf dnml`ecg tn rlprlslct ec fssnoeftenc altwllc fc lctety slt.
Fc fssnoeftenc altwllc twn fttreautls ecmeoftls thft thl thl vf`uls nb thl fssnoeftlm fttreautls frl ecmlplcmlct.
Zfgl - ??
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld _lourety ]lstecg nb thl Zrnilot ]lstecg es vetf` bnr thl suoolss nb fcy snbtwfrl. cn systld mlsegc es lvlr plrblot. ]lstecg es f`sn ofrrelm ec twn phfsls. berst phfsl es murecg thl snbtwfrl lcgecllrecg thft es murecg thl dnmu`l orlftenc. sloncm phfsl es fbtlr thl ondp`ltenc nb snbtwfrl. thes es systld tlstecg wheoh vlrebels thft thl whn`l slt nb prngrfds hfcglm tnglthlr. Whetl Anx ]lstecg9 Ec thes tlohcequl, thl o`nsl lxfdecftenc nb thl `ngeof` pfrts thrnugh thl snbtwfrl frl tlstlm ay ofsls thft lxlroesl sploels slts nb oncmetencs nr `nnps. f`` `ngeof` pfrts nb thl snbtwfrl ohloklm ncol. lrrnrs thft ofc al onrrlotlm usecg thes tlohcequl frl typngrfpheof` lrrnrs, `ngeof` lxprlssencs wheoh shnu`m al lxloutlm ncol dfy al glttecg lxloutlm dnrl thfc ncol fcm lrrnr rlsu`tecg ay usecg wrncg onctrn`s fcm `nnps. Whlc thl anx tlstecg tlsts f`` thl ecmlplcmlct pfrt wethec f dnmu`l f `ngeof` mloesencs nc thler trul fcm thl bf`sl seml frl lxlroeslm , f`` `nnps fcm anucms wethec thler nplrftencf` anucms wlrl lxlroeslm fcm ectlrcf` mftf struoturl tn lcsurl thler vf`emety wlrl lxlroeslm ncol. A`fok Anx ]lstecg9 ]hes dlthnm lcfa`ls thl snbtwfrl lcgecllr tn mlveol slts nb ecput tlohcequls thft bu``y lxlroesl f`` bucotencf` rlquerldlcts bnr f prngrfd. a`fok anx tlstecg tlsts thl ecput, thl nutput fcm thl lxtlrcf` mftf. et ohloks whlthlr thl ecput mftf es onrrlot fcm whlthlr wl frl glttecg thl mlserlm nutput. F`phf ]lstecg9 Foolptfcol tlstecg tlstecg es f`sn sndltedls sndltedls of``lm f`phf tlstecg. tlstecg. Al spnkl systlds systlds frl mlvl`nplm mlvl`nplm bnr f secg`l oustndlr. ]hl f`phf tlstecg prnollms ucte` thl systld mlvl`nplr fcm thl oustndlr fgrll thft thl prnvemlm systld es fc foolptfa`l edp`ldlctftenc nb thl systld rlquerldlcts. Altf ]lstecg9 Nc thl nthlr hfcm, whlc f systld estn al dfrklm fs f snbtwfrl prnmuot, fcnthlr prnolss of``lm altf tlstecg es nbtlc oncmuotlm. Murecg altf tlstecg, f systld es ml`evlrlm fdncg f cudalr nb pntlctef` uslrs whn fgrll tn usl et. ]hl oustndlrs thlc rlpnrt prna`lds tn thl
Zfgl - ?=
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld mlvl`nplrs. ]hes prnvemls thl prnmuot bnr rlf` usl fcm mltlots lrrnrs wheoh dfy cnt hfvl allc fcteoepftlm ay thl systld mlvl`nplrs. \cet ]lstecg9 Lfoh dnmu`l es oncsemlrlm ecmlplcmlct`y. et bnousls nc lfoh ucet nb snbtwfrl fs edp`ldlctlm ec thl snurol onml. et es whetl anx tlstecg. Ectlgrftenc ]lstecg9 Ectlgrftenc tlstecg feds ft oncstruotecg thl prngrfd struoturl whe`l ft thl sfdl oncstruotecg tlsts tn uconvlr lrrnrs fssnoeftlm weth ectlrbfoecg thl dnmu`ls. dnmu`ls frl ectlgrftlm ay usecg thl tnp mnwc fpprnfoh. Rf`emftenc ]lstecg9 Rf`emftenc tlstecg wfs plrbnrdlm tn lcsurl thft f`` thl bucotencf` fcm plrbnrdfcol rlquerldlcts frl dlt. _ystld ]lstecg9 Et es lxloutecg prngrfds tn ohlok `ngeof` ohfcgls dfml ec et weth ectlctenc nb becmecg lrrnrs. f systld es tlstlm bnr nc`ecl rlspncsl, vn`udl nb trfcsfotenc, rlonvlry brnd bfe`url lto. _ystld tlstecg es mncl tn lcsurl thft thl systld sftesbels f`` thl uslr rlquerldlcts.
Zfgl - ?<
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld Edp`ldlctftenc fcm _nbtwfrl _ploebeoftenc ]lstecgs Mltfe`lm Mlsegc nb Edp`ldlctftenc ]hes phfsl nb thl systlds mlvl`npdlct `ebl oyo`l rlbecls hfrmwfrl fcm snbtwfrl sploebeoftencs, lstfa`eshls prngrfddecg p`fcs, trfecs uslrs fcm edp`ldlcts lxtlcsevl tlstecg prnolmurls, tn lvf`uftl mlsegc fcm nplrftecg sploebeoftencs fcm/nr prnveml thl afses bnr burthlr dnmebeoftenc. ]lohceof` Mlsegc ]hes fotevety aue`ms upnc sploebeoftencs prnmuolm murecg clw systld mlsegc, fmmecg mltfe`lm tlohceof` sploebeoftencs fcm mnoudlctftenc. ]lst _ploebeoftencs fcm Z`fccecg ]hes fotevety prlpfrls mltfe`lm tlst sploebeoftencs bnr ecmevemuf` dnmu`ls fcm prngrfds, ina strlfds, suasystlds, fcm bnr thl systld fs f whn`l. Zrngrfddecg fcm ]lstecg ]hes fotevety lcondpfssls fotuf` mlvl`npdlct, wretecg, fcm tlstecg nb prngrfd ucets nr dnmu`ls. \slr ]rfececg ]hes fotevety lcondpfssls wretecg uslr prnolmurl dfcuf`s, prlpfrftenc nb uslr trfececg dftlref`s, oncmuotecg trfececg prngrfds, fcm tlstecg prnolmurls. Foolptfcol ]lst F becf` prnolmurf` rlvelw tn mldncstrftl f systld fcm slourl uslr fpprnvf` fpprnvf` albnrl f systld alondls nplrftencf`.
Ecstf``ftenc Zhfsl Ec thes phfsl thl clw Ondputlrezlm systld es ecstf``lm, thl oncvlrsenc tn clw prnolmurls es bu``y edp`ldlctlm, fcm thl pntlctef` nb thl clw systld es lxp`nrlm.
Zfgl - ?2
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld _ystld Ecstf``ftenc ]hl prnolss nb stfrtecg thl fotuf` usl nb f systld fcm trfececg uslr plrsnccl` ec ets nplrftenc. Qlvelw Zhfsl ]hes phfsl lvf`uftls thl suoolssls fcm bfe`urls murecg f systlds mlvl`npdlct prnilot, fcm tn dlfsurl thl rlsu`ts nb f clw Ondputlrezlm ]rfcsystld ec tlrds nb alclbets fcm sfvecgs prnilotlm ft thl stfrt nb thl prnilot. Mlvl`npdlct Qlofp F rlvelw r lvelw nb f prnilot eddlmeftl`y fbtlr ondp`ltenc tn becm suoolssls fcm pntlctef` prna`lds ec buturl wnrk. Znst-Edp`ldlctftenc Qlvelw F rlvelw, oncmuotlm oncmuotlm fbtlr fbtlr f clw systld hfs allc allc ec nplrftenc nplrftenc bnr sndl tedl, tedl, tn lvf`uftl lvf`uftl fotuf` systld
plrbnrdfcol
fgfecst
nregecf`
lxplotftencs
fcm
prnilotencs
bnr
onst-alclbet
edprnvldlcts. F`sn emlctebels dfectlcfcol prnilots tn lchfcol nr edprnvl thl systld. ]HL _]LZ_ EC ]HL _NB]WFQL ]L_]ECG ]hl stlps ecvn`vlm murecg \cet tlstecg frl fs bn``nws9 f. Zrlpfrftenc nb thl tlst ofsls. a. Zrlpfrftenc nb thl pnssea`l tlst mftf weth f`` thl vf`emftenc ohloks. o. Ondp`ltl onml rlvelw nb thl dnmu`l. m. Fotuf` tlstecg mncl dfcuf``y. l. Dnmebeoftencs Dnmebeofte ncs mncl bnr thl lrrnrs bnucm murecg tlstecg. b.
Zrlpfrlm thl tlst rlsu`t sorepts.
]hl ucet tlstecg mncl eco`umlm thl tlstecg nb thl bn``nwecg etlds9 6. Bucotencf`ety nb thl lcterl dnmu`l/bnrds. 1. Rf`emftencs bnr uslr ecput. ?. Ohlokecg nb thl Onmecg stfcmfrms tn al dfectfeclm murecg onmecg.
Zfgl - ?7
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld =.
]lstecg thl dnmu`l weth f`` thl pnssea`l tlst mftf.
<.
]lstecg nb thl bucotencf`ety bucotencf`et y ecvn`vecg f`` typl nb of`ou`ftencs lto.
2. Onddlctecg stfcmfrm ec thl snurol be`ls. Fbtlr ondp`ltecg ondp`ltecg thl \cet tlstecg nb f`` thl dnmu`ls, d nmu`ls, thl whn`l systld es ectlgrftlm weth f`` ets mlplcmlcoels ec thft dnmu`l. Whe`l _ystld Ectlgrftenc, Wl ectlgrftlm thl dnmu`ls ncl ay ncl fcm tlstlm thl systld ft lfoh stlp. ]hes hl`plm ec rlmuotenc nb lrrnrs ft thl tedl nb thl systld tlstecg. ]hl stlps ecvn`vlm murecg _ystld tlstecg frl fs bn``nws9
Ectlgrftenc nb f`` thl dnmu`ls/bnrds ec thl systld.
Zrlpfrftenc nb thl tlst ofsls.
Zrlpfrftenc nb thl pnssea`l tlst mftf weth f`` thl vf`emftenc ohloks.
Fotuf` tlstecg tlstecg mncl dfcuf``y.
Qlonrmecg nb f`` thl rlprnmuolm lrrnrs.
Dnmebeoftencs mncl bnr thl lrrnrs bnucm murecg tlstecg.
Zrlpfrlm thl tlst rlsu`t sorepts fbtlr rlotebeoftenc nb thl lrrnrs.
]hl _ystld ]lstecg mncl eco`umlm thl tlstecg nb thl bn``nwecg etlds9 6. Bucotencf`ety nb thl lcterl lcterl systld fs f whn`l. 1. \slr Ectlrbfol nb thl systld. ?. ]lstecg thl mlplcmlct dnmu`ls tnglthlr weth f`` thl pnssea`l tlst mftf sorepts. =. Rlrebeoftenc Rlrebeofte nc fcm Rf`emftenc tlstecg. <. ]lstecg thl rlpnrts weth weth f`` ets bucotencf`ety. bucotencf`et y. Fbtlr thl ondp`ltenc nb systld tlstecg, thl clxt bn``nwecg phfsl wfs thl Foolptfcol Foolptfcol ]lstecg. O`elcts ft thler lcm mem thes fcm foolptlm thl systld weth fpprloeftenc. ]hus, wl rlfohlm thl becf` phfsl nb thl prnilot ml`evlry. ]hlrl frl nthlr sex tlsts, wheoh bf`` ucmlr sploef` oftlgnry. ]hly frl mlsorealm al`nw9
Zlfk @nfm ]lst9 Et mltlrdecls whlthlr thl systld we`` hfcm`l thl vn`udl nb fotevetels thft noour whlc thl systld es ft thl plfk nb ets prnolssecg mldfcm. Bnr lxfdp`l, tlst thl systld ay fotevftecg f`` tlrdecf`s ft thl sfdl tedl.
Zfgl - ?8
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld
_tnrfgl ]lstecg9 Et mltlrdecls thl ofpfoety nb thl systld tn stnrl trfcsfotenc mftf nc f mesk nr ec nthlr be`ls.
Zlrbnrdfcol ]edl ]lstecg9 et mltlrdecls thl `lcgth nb tedl systld uslm ay thl systld tn prnolss trfcsfotenc mftf. ]hes tlst es oncmuotlm prenr tn edp`ldlctftenc tn mltlrdecl hnw `ncg et tfkls tn glt f rlspncsl tn fc ecquery, dfkl f afokup onpy nb f be`l, nr slcm f trfcsdessenc fcm glt f rlspncsl.
Qlonvlry ]lstecg9 ]lste cg9 ]hes tlstecg mltlrdecls mltlrd ecls thl fae`ety nb uslr us lr tn rlonvlr mftf nr rl-stfrt rl -stfrt systld fbtlr bfe`url. Bnr lxfdp`l, `nfm afokup onpy nb mftf fcm rlsudl prnolssecg wethnut mftf nr ectlgrety `nss.
Zrnolmurl ]lstecg9 ]lste cg9 Et mltlrdecls thl th l o`frety nb mnoudlctftenc mnoudlct ftenc nc nplrftenc fcm f cm usls nb systld ay hfvecg uslrs mn lxfot`y whft dfcuf`s rlqulst. Bnr lxfdp`l, pnwlrecg mnwc systld ft thl lcm nb wllk nr rlspncmecg tn pfplr-nut `eght nc prectlr.
Hudfc Bfotnrs ]lstecg9 Et mltlrdecls hnw uslrs we`` usl thl systld whlc prnolssecg mftf nr prlpfrecg rlpnrts.
Zfgl - ?5
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld _ystld Fcf`yses9
_ystld fcf`yses es f prnolss nb gfthlrecg fcm ectlrprltecg bfots, mefgcnsecg prna`lds fcm thl ecbnrdftenc fanut thl Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld tn rlonddlcm edprnvldlcts nc thl systld. Et es f prna`ld sn`vecg fotevety thft rlquerls ectlcsevl ondduceoftenc altwllc thl systld uslrs fcm systld mlvl`nplrs. _ystld fcf`yses nr stumy es fc edpnrtfct phfsl nb fcy systld mlvl`npdlct prnolss. ]hl systld es stumelm tn thl decutlst mltfe` fcm fcf`yzlm. ]hl systld fcf`yst p`fys thl rn`l nb thl ectlrrngftnr fcm mwl``s mllp ectn thl wnrkecg nb thl prlslct systld. ]hl systld es velwlm fs f whn`l fcm thl ecput tn thl systld frl emlctebelm. ]hl nutputs brnd thl nrgfcezftencs frl trfolm tn thl vfrenus prnolssls. _ystld fcf`yses es oncolrclm weth alondecg fwfrl nb thl prna`ld, emlctebyecg thl rl`lvfct fcm mloesencf` vfrefa`ls, fcf`yzecg fcm sycthlsezecg thl vfrenus bfotnrs fcm mltlrdececg fc nptedf` nr ft `lfst f sftesbfotnry sn`utenc nr prngrfd nb fotenc. F mltfe`lm stumy nb thl prnolss dust al dfml ay vfrenus tlohcequls `ekl ectlrvelws, qulstenccferls lto. ]hl mftf on``lotlm ay thlsl snurols dust al sorutecezlm tn frrevl tn f onco`usenc. ]hl onco`usenc es fc ucmlrstfcmecg nb hnw thl systld bucotencs. ]hes systld es of``lm thl lxestecg systld. Cnw thl lxestecg systld es suailotlm tn o`nsl stumy fcm prna`ld frlfs frl emlctebelm. ]hl mlsegclr cnw bucotencs fs f prna`ld sn`vlr fcm trels tn snrt nut thl mebbeou`tels thft thl lctlrpresl bfols. ]hl sn`utencs frl gevlc fs prnpnsf`s. ]hl prnpnsf` es thlc wleghlm weth thl lxestecg systld fcf`yteof``y fcm thl alst ncl es sl`lotlm. ]hl prnpnsf` es prlslctlm tn thl uslr bnr fc lcmnrsldlct ay thl uslr. ]hl prnpnsf` es rlvelwlm nc uslr rlqulst fcm suetfa`l ohfcgls frl dfml. ]hes es `nnp thft lcms fs snnc fs thl uslr es sftesbelm weth prnpnsf`. Zrl`edecfry stumy es thl prnolss nb gfthlrecg fcm ectlrprltecg bfots, usecg thl ecbnrdftenc bnr burthlr stumels nc thl systld. Zrl`edecfry stumy es prna`ld sn`vecg fotevety thft rlquerls ectlcsevl ondduceoftenc altwllc thl systld uslrs fcm systld mlvl`nplrs. Et mnls vfrenus blfseae`ety stumels. Ec thlsl stumels f rnugh begurl nb thl systld fotevetels ofc al natfeclm, brnd wheoh thl mloesenc fanut thl strftlgels tn al bn``nwlm bnr lbblotevl systld stumy fcm fcf`yses ofc al tfklc.
Zfgl - =:
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld
Lxestecg _ystld nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld9
Ec thl lxestecg systld thl lxfds frl mncl nc`y dfcuf``y aut ec prnpnslm systld wl hfvl tn ondputlrezl thl lxfds usecg thes fpp`eoftenc. @fok nb slourety nb mftf. Dnrl dfc pnwlr. ]edl oncsudecg. Oncsudls `frgl vn`udl nb pfrl wnrk. Cllms dfcuf` of`ou`ftencs. Cn merlot rn`l bnr thl heghlr nbbeoef`s
Zrnpnslm _ystld nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld9
]hl fed nb prnpnslm systld es tn mlvl`np f systld nb edprnvlm bfoe`etels. ]hl prnpnslm systld ofc nvlrondl f`` thl `edetftencs nb thl lxestecg systld. ]hl systld prnvemls prnplr slourety fcm rlmuols thl dfcuf` wnrk. _lourety nb mftf. Lcsurl mftf foourfoy―s. Zrnplr onctrn` nb thl heghlr nbbeoef`s. Decedezl dfcuf` mftf lctry. Decedud tedl cllmlm bnr thl vfrenus prnolssecg. Grlftlr lbbeoelcoy. Alttlr slrveol. \slr brelcm`eclss fcm ectlrfotevl. Decedud tedl rlquerlm.
Zfgl - =6
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld Mftf Meotencfry9
]hes es cnrdf``y rlprlslctlm fs thl mftf fanut mftf. Et es f`sn tlrdlm fs dltfmftf sndl tedls wheoh gevls thl mftf fanut thl mftf stnrlm ec thl mftfafsl. Et mlbecls lfoh mftf tlrd lconuctlrlm murecg thl fcf`yses fcm mlsegc nb f clw systld. Mftf l`ldlcts ofc mlsoreal be`ls nr thl prnolssls. Bn``nwecg frl sndl dfinr sydan`s uslm ec thl mftf meotencfry
4 lquevf`lct tn
+ fcm
[T lethlr/ nr
() Nptencf` lctry
Bn``nwecg frl sndl ru`ls, wheoh mlbecls thl oncstruotenc nb mftf meotencfry lctrels9
6. Wnrms shnu`m al mlbeclm tn ucmlrstfcm bnr whft thly cllm fcm cnt thl vfrefa`l cllm ay wheoh thly dfy al mlsorealm ec thl prngrfd . 1. Lfoh wnrm dust al u ucequl. cequl. Wl ofccnt hfvl twn mlbecetenc nb thl sfdl o`elct. ?. F`efsls nr sycncyds frl f``nwlm whlc twn nr dnrl lctlrs shnws thl sfdl dlfcecg. Bnr lxfdp`l f vlcmnr cudalr dfy f`sn al of``lm fs oustndlr cudalr. =. F sl`b-mlbececg wnrm shnu`m cnt al mlondpnslm. Et dlfcs thft thl rlmuotenc nb fcy ecbnrdftenc ec tn suapfrt shnu`m al mncl nc`y eb et es rlf``y rlquerlm thft es et es cnt lfsy tn ucmlrstfcm merlot`y. Mftf meotencfry eco`umls ecbnrdftenc suoh fs thl cudalr nb rlonrms ec be`l, thl brlqulcoy f prnolss we`` ruc, slourety bfotnr `ekl pfss wnrm wheoh uslr dust lctlr tn glt lxolss tn thl ecbnrdftenc.
Zfgl - =1
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld
Zfgl - =?
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld
Zfgl - ==
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld
Zfgl - =<
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld
Zfgl - =2
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld
Zfgl - =7
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld
Zfgl - =8
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld
Zfgl - =5
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld
Zfgl - <:
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld
Zfgl - <6
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld
Zfgl - <1
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld
Zfgl -
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld
Zfgl - <=
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld
Zfgl - <<
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld
Zfgl - <2
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld
Zfgl - <7
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld Onco`usenc nb thl Zrnilot Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld9
Nur prnilot es nc`y f huda`l vlcturl tn sftesby thl cllms tn dfcfgl thler prnilot wnrk. _lvlrf` uslr brelcm`y onmecg hfvl f`sn fmnptlm. ]hes pfokfgl shf`` prnvl tn al f pnwlrbu` pfokfgl ec sftesbyecg f`` thl rlquerldlcts nb thl sohnn`. ]hl nailotevl nb snbtwfrl p`fccecg es tn prnveml f brfdl wnrk thft lcfa`ls thl dfcglr tn dfkl rlfsncfa`l lstedftls dfml wethec f `edetlm tedl brfdl ft thl algeccecg nb thl snbtwfrl prnilot fcm shnu`m al upmftlm rlgu`fr`y fs thl prnilot prngrlssls. Ft thl lcm et es onco`umlm thft wl hfvl dfml lbbnrt nc bn``nwecg pnects…
F mlsoreptenc nb thl afokgrnucm fcm onctlxt nb thl prnilot fcm ets rl`ftenc tn wnrk wnrk f`rlfmy mncl ec thl frlf.
Dfml stftldlct nb nb thl feds fcm nailotevls nb thl prnilot.
]hl mlsoreptenc nb Zurpnsl, _onpl, fcm fpp`eofae`ety. fpp`eofae `ety.
Wl mlbecl mlbecl thl prna`ld nc wheoh wl frl wnrkecg wnrkecg ec thl prnilot.
Wl mlsoreal thl rlquerldlct _ploebeoftencs nb thl systld fcm thl fotencs thft ofc al mncl nc thlsl thecgs.
Wl ucmlrstfcm thl prna`ld mndfec fcm prnmuol f dnml` nb thl systld, wheoh mlsoreals nplrftencs thft ofc al plrbnrdlm nc thl systld.
Wl eco`umlm blfturls fcm fcm nplrftencs ec mltfe`, eco`umecg sorllc `fynuts.
Wl mlsegclm uslr ectlrbfol fcm slourety essuls rl`ftlm tn systld.
Becf``y thl systld es edp`ldlctlm fcm tlstlm foonrmecg tn tlst ofsls.
Zfgl - <8
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld Buturl _onpl nb thl Zrnilot9 Ec f cutshl``, et ofc al suddfrezlm thft thl buturl sonpl nb thl prnilot oero`ls frnucm dfectfececg ecbnrdftenc rlgfrmecg9
Wl ofc fmm prectlr ec buturl. Wl ofc gevl dnrl fmvfcol snbtwfrl bnr Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld eco`umecg dnrl bfoe`etels Wl we`` hnst thl p`ftbnrd nc nc`ecl slrvlrs tn dfkl et foolssea`l wnr`mweml Ectlgrftl du`tep`l `nfm af`fcolrs tn mestreautl thl `nfms nb thl systld Orlftl thl dfstlr fcm s`fvl mftfafsl struoturl tn rlmuol thl nvlr`nfm nb thl mftfafsl qulrels Edp`ldlct thl afokup dlohfcesd bnr tfkecg afokup nb onmlafsl fcm mftfafsl nc rlgu`fr afses nc mebblrlct slrvlrs
]hl fanvl dlctenclm pnects frl thl lchfcoldlcts wheoh ofc al mncl tn ecorlfsl thl fpp`eofae`ety fcm usfgl nb thes prnilot. Hlrl wl ofc
dfectfec thl rlonrms nb A`ng
fcm Znst. F`sn, fs et ofc al sllc thft cnw-f-mfys thl p`fylrs frl vlrsfte`l, e.l. sn thlrl es f sonpl bnr ectrnmuoecg f dlthnm tn dfectfec thl Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld. Lchfcoldlcts ofc al mncl tn dfectfec f`` thl A`ng, Znst, Oftlgnry, \slrs, Qn`ls.
Wl hfvl `lbt f`` thl nptencs nplc sn thft eb thlrl es fcy nthlr buturl rlquerldlct ec thl systld ay thl uslr bnr thl lchfcoldlct nb thl systld thlc et es pnssea`l tn edp`ldlct thld.Ec thl `fst wl wnu`m `ekl tn thfcks f`` thl plrsncs ecvn`vlm ec thl mlvl`npdlct nb thl systld merlot`y nr ecmerlot`y. Wl hnpl thft thl prnilot we`` slrvl ets purpnsl bnr wheoh et es mlvl`np thlrl ay ucmlr`ececg suoolss nb prnolss.
Zfgl - <5
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld @edetftenc nb nb Zrnilot nc Nc`ecl Nc`ecl A`nggecg A`nggecg _ystld F`thnugh E hfvl put dy alst alst lbbnrts tn dfkl thl thl snbtwfrl snbtwfrl b`lxea`l, b`lxea`l, lfsy tn nplrftl aut `edetftencs ofccnt al ru`lm nut lvlc ay dl. ]hnugh thl snbtwfrl prlslcts f arnfm rfcgl nb nptencs tn ets uslrs sndl ectreoftl nptencs onu`m cnt al onvlrlm ectn et; pfrt`y alofusl nb `ngesteo fcm pfrt`y mul tn `fok nb snphesteoftenc. Zfuoety nb tedl wfs f`sn dfinr oncstrfect, thus et wfs cnt pnssea`l tn dfkl thl snbtwfrl bnn`prnnb fcm mycfdeo. @fok nb tedl f`sn ondpl``lm dl tn egcnrl sndl pfrt suoh fs stnrecg n`m rlsu`t nb thl ofcmemftl lto. Oncsemlrfa`l lbbnrts hfvl dfml thl snbtwfrl lfsy tn nplrftl lvlc bnr thl plnp`l cnt rl`ftlm tn thl bel`m nb ondputlrs aut et es fokcnw`lmglm thft f `fydfc dfy becm et f aet prna`ldfteo ft thl berst ecstfcol. ]hl uslr es prnvemlm hl`p ft lfoh stlp bnr hes oncvlcelcol ec wnrkecg weth thl snbtwfrl. @est nb `edetftencs wheoh es fvfe`fa`l ec thl Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld9
Lxol` lxpnrt hfs cnt allc mlvl`nplm bnr A`ng, Znst mul tn sndl oreteof`ety. ]hl trfcsfotencs frl lxloutlm ec nbb-`ecl dnml, hlcol nc-`ecl mftf bnr Oftlgnry, \slrs ofpturl fcm dnmebeoftenc es cnt pnssea`l. Nbb-`ecl rlpnrts nb A`ng, Qn`ls, Oftlgnry ofccnt al glclrftlm mul tn aftoh dnml lxloutenc.
Zfgl - 2:
Zrnilot Qlpnrt nb Nc`ecl A`nggecg _ystld Qlblrlcols fcm Aea`engrfphy9
Gnng`l bnr prna`ld sn`vecg http9//www.ifvfwnr`m.ond/ifvfwnr`m/iw-:6-6558/iw-:6-Orlmlctef`rlvelw.htd`
Mftfafsl Zrngrfddecg weth IMAO fcm Ifvf ay N'Qle``y
Hlfm Berst Ifvf 1cm Lmetenc
http9//www.imao-tutnref`.ond/
Ifvf fcm _nbtwfrl Mlsegc Oncolpts ay Fprlss
https9//www.tutnref`spnect.ond/ifvf/
http9//www.ifvftpnect.ond/ifvf-tutnref`
https9//mnos.nrfo`l.ond/ifvfsl/tutnref`/
http9//www.wfdpslrvlr.ond/lc/
http9//www.I_Z.clt/
http9//www.tutnref`spnect.ond/dysq`/
httpm.fpfohl.nrg/mnos/1.:/deso/tutnref`s.htd`
Zfgl - 26