laporan praktikum fisika viskositas zat cair

ACARA III VISKOSITA VISKOSI TAS S ZAT CAIR  A. PELAKS PELAKSANA ANAAN AN PRAK PRAKTIK TIKUM UM 1. Tujuan juan Prak Prakti tiku kum m a. Menentukan Menentukan koefii koefiien en !ikoita !ikoita "kekenta#an "kekenta#an$$ %at &air 'er(aar 'er(aarkan kan )ukum )ukum Stoke. Stoke.  '. Mema*ami a(an+a ,eekan +an, (ie'a'kan (ie'a'kan 'en(a 'er,erak (a#am f#ui(a atau %at &air. -. aktu ktu Pra Prakt ktik ikum um Sa'tu/ 0 Mei -12 3. Tem4 m4at at Pra Prakt ktik ikum um Lantai II/ La'oraturium 5iika 6aar/ 5aku#ta Matematika (an I#mu Pen,eta*uan A#am/ Uni!erita Mataram 7. ALA ALAT 6AN 6AN 7A)A 7A)AN N 1. A#at A#at8a 8a#a #att Prakt Praktik ikum um a. 9e#a ukur 1 m#  '. 9e#a ukur - m# 'erii %at &air &. :a :an,ka oron, (. Nera& Nera&aa ana#i ana#iti tikk e. Pe Pen,,ari 2 & f. Penje4it ,. Pi4et tete *. Sarin,an i.

Stop Stopwa watc tch h

-. 7a*a 7a*an8' n8'a* a*an an Prak Prakti tiku kum m a. 7o#a b. Tiss Tissue ue

&. Zat &air min+ak (. Zat &air o#i

"1 'ua*$ "- 'ua*$ "1 'ua*$ "1 'ua* 'ua*$$ "1 'ua*$ "1 'ua*$ "3 'ua*$ "- 'ua*$ "1 'ua*$ "1 'ua*$ "1 ro##$ "- m#$ "- m#$

C. LAN6 LAN6AS ASAN AN TEOR TEORII 6. PROSE PROSE6UR 6UR PERCO7 PERCO7AAN AAN 1. 6i&a 6i&ari ri ra4a ra4att ma maa a 'o#a 'o#a a. 6iukur 6iukur (iameter (iameter 'o#a e'an+ak e'an+ak 1 1 ka#i (i tem4at tem4at +an, 'er'e(a 'er'e(a men,,u men,,unakan nakan jan,ka jan,ka oron,.  '. 6itim'an, 'o#a e'an+ak 1 ka#i men,,unakan men,,unakan nera&a ana#itik. &. 6i*itun, 6i*itun, ra4at maa maa 'o#a/ 'o#a/ ra4at ra4at maa rata8rata rata8rata 'o#a 'o#a (an ra4at ra4at maa maa jeni 'o#a. -. 6i&a 6i&ari ri ra4 ra4at at ma maaa &air &airan an a. 6itim'an, 6itim'an, ,e#a ,e#a ukur ukur 1 m# e'an+ak e'an+ak 1 ka#i ka#i men,,una men,,unakan kan nera&a nera&a ana#itik. ana#itik.  '. 6imaukkan f#ui(a ke (a#am ,e#a ukur 1 m#/ kemu(ian (itim'an, ,e#a ukur +an,  'erii &airan e'an+ak 1 ka#i. &. 6i*i 6i*itu tun, n, ra4at ra4at ma maaa &aira &airann (en, (en,an an men, men,ur uran an,i ,i ma maaa ,e#a ,e#a ukur ukur 'eri 'erii i &aira &airann (en,an maa ,e#a ukur.

1

(. 6i*itun, ra4at maa rata8rata &airan (an maa jeni &airan. e. 6i#akukan kem'a#i 4roe(ur "a am4ai (en,an ($ (i ata untuk %at &air +an, 'er'e(a. 3. 6itentukan koefiien kekenta#an %at &air  a. 6iatur jarak ejau* 3 &m men,,unakan 4en,,ari (an (i'uat tan(a 4a(a ,e#a ukur.  '. 6ijatu*kan 'o#a ke (a#am f#ui(a (an men&atat ;aktu aat 'o#a men&a4ai jarak 3 &m. &. 6iu#an,i #an,ka* "a am4ai (en,an '$ e'an+ak 1 ka#i. (. 6itentukan koefiien kekenta#an f#ui(a. e. 6i#akukan kem'a#i 4roe(ur "a am4ai (en,an ($ (i ata untuk %at &air +an, 'er'e(a. E. )ASIL PEN9AMATAN 1. Men&ari ra4at maa 'o#a "a$  No 1

6iameter "m$ -/<< ×  18-

:ari8jari "m$ 1/-0< ×  18-

Maa ",r$ =/<0

-

-/<< ×  18-

1/-0< ×  18-

=/<2

3

-/<< ×  18-

1/-0< ×  18-

=/<2

>

-/<< ×  18-

1/-0< ×  18-

=/20

<

-/<< ×  18-

1/-0< ×  18-

=/22

2

-/<< ×  18-

1/-0< ×  18-

=/01

0

-/<< ×  18-

1/-0< ×  18-

=/0

?

-/<< ×  18-

1/-0< ×  18-

=/2?

=

-/<< ×  18-

1/-0< ×  18-

=/0

1

-/<< ×  18-

1/-0< ×  18-

=/01

-. Men&ari ra4at maa &airan 'o#a " ρ $ a. Min+ak  V @ 1 m#  No 1 3 > < 2 0 ? = 1

m1 ",r$ >= >0 >0 >
m- ",r$ <> <3 <3/< <3/= <3/> <3/?? <3/?0 <3/?2 <3/?? <3/?2

 '. O#i V @ 1 m#

2

 No 1 3 > < 2 0 ? = 1

m1 ",r$ >= >0 >0 >
m- ",r$ <3/= <3/0 <3/2< <3/2<3/2 <3/21 <3/>< <3/<3 <3/<2 <3/<

3. Menentukan koefiien kekenta#an %at &air  a. Min+ak   @ 3 &m  No 1 3 > < 2 0 ? = 1

t "ekon$ 1/ /=3 1/ /=< 1/3 1/= 1/1/> 1/< 1/1

 No 1 3 > < 2 0 ? = 1

t "ekon$ 1/= 1/2 1/-2 1/30 1/1? 1/<< 1/33 1/<< 1/3 1/31

 '. O#i  @ 3 &m

5. ANALISIS 6ATA 1. Per*itun,an ra4at maa 'o#a a. :ari8jari "r$  No

r "m$

ṝ 

 "m$

r8

ṝ 

 "m$

"r 8

ṝ 

$- "m$3

1/-0< ×  18-

1

1/-0< ×  18









































-

1/-0< ×  18-

-

1/-0< ×  18 -

1/-0< ×  18-

3

1/-0< ×  18 -

1/-0< ×  18-

>

1/-0< ×  18 -

1/-0< ×  18-

<

1/-0< ×  18 -

1/-0< ×  18-

2

1/-0< ×  18 -

1/-0< ×  18-

0

1/-0< ×  18 -

1/-0< ×  18-

?

1/-0< ×  18 -

1/-0< ×  18-

=

1/-0< ×  18 -

1/-0< ×  18-

1

1/-0< ×  18 -

∑

∴

ṝ 

@ ∴

r @ 1/-0< ×

 181

 @

∑r n

1,275 × 1 0 - 1 10

∆

@

√

r@ 0 9

√

∑

"r 8

ṝ 

$-

@

 @ 1/-0< ×  18- m

∑ ( r − ṝ ) 2 n− 1

 @  m

4

:a(i jari8jari 'o#a "

ṝ 

±

∆

r$

•

"

ṝ 

  ∆ r$ @ 1/-0< ×  18-   @ 1/-0< ×  18- m

•

"

ṝ 

 8 ∆ r$ @ 1/-0< ×  18- 8  @ 1/-0< ×  18- m

 '. Maa 'o#a "m$  No

m "k,$

1

=/<0 ×  183

m B "k,$ =/2<- ×  18

m8 m B "k,$

"m8 m B$- "k,$

8?- ×  182

20-> ×  181-

8=- ×  182

?>2> ×  181-

8=- ×  182

?>2> ×  181-

1? ×  182

3-> ×  181-

? ×  182

2> ×  181-


332> ×  181-

>? ×  182

-3> ×  181-

-? ×  182

0?> ×  181-

>? ×  182

-3> ×  181-


332> ×  181-

3

-

×

=/<2

 183

=/2<- ×  18 3

3

×

=/<2

 183

=/2<- ×  18 3

>

×

=/20

 183

=/2<- ×  18 3

<

×

=/22

 183

=/2<- ×  18 3

2

×

=/01

 183

=/2<- ×  18 3

0

×

=/0

 183

=/2<- ×  18 3

?

×

=/2?

 183

=/2<- ×  18 3

=

×

=/0

 183

=/2<- ×  18 3

1

×

=/01

 183

=/2<- ×  18 3

∑

m @ =2/<3212 ×  181×

∴

 m B @

 183 ∑m n

5

96,52 × 10-3

@

 @ =/2<- ×  183 k,

10

∴

∆

√

@

√

m@

∑ ( m−ḿ ) 2 n−1

36160 × 10 -12

 @ √ 4017,78 × 10-12

9

:a(i maa 'o#a "m B ± •

•

∆

@ 23/3? ×  182 k,

m$

"m B  ∆ m$ @ =/2<- ×  183  23/3? ×  182 @ =01
&. Vo#ume 'o#a ∴

4

 ! @

3

4

@

π 

×

3

ṝ 

 3

 3/1> ×  "1/-0< ×  18-$3

@ ?/2? ×  182 m3 ∴

4

∆

!@

4

@

×

3

3

π 

∆

r 3

 3/1> ×  "$3

@  m3 :a(i !o#ume 'o#a "! ±

∆

!$

•

" v   ∆ !$ @ ?/2? ×  182   @ ?/2? ×  182 m3

•

" v  8 ∆ !$ @ ?/2? ×  182 8  @ ?/2? ×  182 m3

(. Maa jeni 'o#a ∴

 ρb

@ ∴

 @

ḿ

v

9,652 × 10-3 8,68 × 10-6

∆ ρb

 @

@ 1/11

×

3

 1  @ 111

kg m3

∆m ∆v

6

@

63,38 × 10-6 0

@@

:a(i maa jeni 'o#a " ρb •

•

"

ρb

"

ρb

 

∆ ρb

 8

∆ ρb

±

kg m3 ∆ ρb

$ @ 111   @ 111 $ @ 111 8  @ 111

$ kg m3 kg m3

-. Per*itun,an ra4at maa %at &air  a. Maa jeni min+ak " ρ m$ Maa min+ak  •

 N

m1 "k,$

m- "k,$

m "k,$

o 1

>= ×

-

183 >0 ×

<> ×  183

?/<1 ×  183

?/1>> ×

0/<3 ×  183

183 ?/1>> ×

3

183 >0 ×

?/3 ×  183

183 ?/1>> ×

<3/< ×

>

183 >
183 <3/= ×

?/-- ×  183

183 ?/1>> ×

<

183 >
183 <3/> ×

0/0? ×  183

183 ?/1>> ×

2

183 >
183 <3/?? ×

?/-< ×  183

183 ?/1>> ×

0

183 >
183 <3/?0 ×

?/-0 ×  183

183 ?/1>> ×

?

183 >
183 <3/?2 ×

?/-= ×  183

183 ?/1>> ×

=

183 >
183 <3/?? ×

?/-= ×  183

183 ?/1>> ×

1

183 >
183 <3/?2 ×

?/-0 ×  183

183 ?/1>> ×

<3 ×  183

m B "k,$

m8 m B "k,$

"m8 m B$- "k,$

322 ×

133=<2 ×

182 821> × 182 811> × 182

181302==2 × 1811-==2 ×  18 1-

02 ×  18 <002 ×  1812

832> × 182 12 × 182 1-2 × 182 1>2 × 182 1>2 × 182 1-2 × 182

13->=2 × 18111-32 ×  18 1-

1
-1312 ×  18 1-

-1312 ×  18 1-

1
7

183

183

183 ∑ ×

∴

m @ ?1/>>  1

×

0>0?> 181-

83

 m @ m- 8 m1 "(itu#i +a atu atu &ari mn+a (ari 4er&o'aan 4ertama m4e

1/ tin,,a# (itu#i/ *ai#n+a u(a a(a (i ta'e# (an jan,an #u4a ertakan atuann+a$ ∴

ḿ

 @

∑m n

81,44 × 10-3

@

10

∴

∆

m@

√

@

√

 @ ?/1>> ×  183 k,

∑ ( m−ḿ ) 2 n−1

747840 × 10-12 9

:a(i maa min+ak "m B ± •

•

•

∆

@ -??/-< ×  182 k,

m$

"m B  ∆ m$ @ ?/1>> ×  183  -??/-< ×  182 @ ?>3-/-< ×  182 k, "m B 8 ∆ m$ @ ?/1>> ×  183  -??/-< ×  182 @ 0?<
Vo#ume min+ak  ∴  ! 1 m# @ /1 #iter @ 1 ×  182 m3 ∴

∆ 1

@

2

1

!@

2

 ka#a terke&i#

 . /- @ /1 #iter @ 1 ×  182 m3

:a(i !o#ume min+ak "! ±

•

 @ √ 83093,33 × 10-12

∆

!$

•

"!  ∆ !$ @ /1  /1 @ /11 #iter @ 11 ×  182 m3

•

"! 8 ∆ !$ @ /1 8 /1 @ /= #iter @ = ×  182 m3

Maa jeni min+ak  ∴

 ρm

 @

ḿ

v

8

8,144 × 10-3

@ ∴

10 × 10-6

∆ ρm

@

 @

@ ?1>/>

∆m ∆v

288,25 × 10-6 1 × 10-6

@ -??/-<

:a(i maa jeni min+ak " ρm •

•

"

ρm

"

ρm

 

∆ ρm

 8

∆ ρm

kg m3

±

kg m3 ∆ ρm

$

$ @ ?1>/>  -??/-< @ 11-/2< $ @ ?1>/> 8 -??/-< @ <-2/1<

kg m3 kg m3

 '. Maa jeni o#i " ρ o$ Maa o#i •

 N

m1 "k,$

m- "k,$

o 1

>=

×

<3/= ×

-

183 >0 ×

183 <3/0 ×

3

183 >0 ×

183 <3/2< ×

>

183 >
183 <3/2- ×

<

183 >
183 <3/2 ×

2

183 >
183 <3/21 ×

0

183 >
183 <3/>< ×

?

183 >
183 <3/<3 ×

=

183 >
183 <3/<2 ×

m "k,$

m B "k,$

?/>1 ×  183

?/>1 ×

?/-3 ×  183

183 ?/>1 ×

?/1? ×  183

183 ?/>1 ×

0/=> ×  183

183 ?/>1 ×

0/=? ×  183

183 ?/>1 ×

0/=? ×  183

183 ?/>1 ×

0/?< ×  183

183 ?/>1 ×

0/=2 ×  183

183 ?/>1 ×

0/=0 ×  183

183 ?/>1 ×

m8 m B "k,$

"m8 m B$- "k,$

32= ×

132121 ×

182 1?= × 182 13= × 182 811 × 182 821 ×

1813<0-1 ×  18 1-

1=3-1 ×  18 1-

1-1 ×  18 1-

30-1 ×  181-

182 821 ×

30-1 ×  181-

182 81=1 × 182 8?1 ×

32>?1 ×  18 1-

2<21 ×  181-

182 801 ×

<>1 ×  1819

1

183 >
183 <3/< ×

183

0/=1 ×  183

183 ?/>1 ×

183

×

10121 ×  18

182

183 ∑

∴

182 8131 ×

1-

-0>= ×

m @ ?/>1

181 183

 m @ m- 8 m1 "(itu#i +a atu atu &ari mn+a (ari 4er&o'aan 4ertama m4e

1/ tin,,a# (itu#i/ *ai#n+a u(a a(a (i ta'e# (an jan,an #u4a ertakan atuann+a$ ∴

ḿ

 @

∑m n

80,41 × 10-3

@

 @ ?/>1 ×  183 k,

10

∴

∆

@

√

m@

√

∑ ( m−ḿ ) 2 n−1

274090 × 10-12 9

:a(i maa o#i "m B ± •

•

•

@ 10>/<1 ×  182 k,

m$

"m B  ∆ m$ @ ?/>1 ×  183  10>/<1 ×  182 @ ?-11 ×  183 8 10>/<1 ×  182 @ 0?22/>= ×  182 k,

Vo#ume o#i ∴  ! 1 m# @ /1 #iter @ 1 ×  182 m3 ∴

∆

@

1 2

1

!@

2

 ka#a terke&i#

 . /- @ /1 #iter @ 1 ×  182 m3

:a(i !o#ume o#i "! ±

•

∆

 @ √ 30454,44 × 10-12

∆

!$

•

"!  ∆ !$ @ /1  /1 @ /11 #iter @ 11 ×  182 m3

•

"! 8 ∆ !$ @ /1 8 /1 @ /= #iter @ = ×  182 m3

Maa jeni o#i

10

∴

 ρo

ḿ

 @

v

8,041 × 10-3

@

10 × 10-6

∴

∆ ρo

@

@ ?>/1

∆m ∆v

 @

174,51 × 10-6   1 × 10-6

@ 10>/<1

:a(i maa jeni o#i " ρo •

•

"

ρo

"

ρo

kg m3

 

∆ ρo

 8

∆ ρo

±

kg m3

∆ ρo

$

$ @ ?>/1  10>/<1 @ =0?/21 $ @ ?>/1 8 10>/<1 @ 2-2/<=

kg m3 kg m3

3. Per*itun,an koefiien kekentakan %at &air a. Min+ak  :arak tem4u* "$ ∴

  @ 3 &m @ /3 m

∴

∆

1

@

2

 ka#a terke&i#

1

@

2

 . /- @ /1 m

:a(i jarak " ±

∆s

$

•

"  ∆ $ @ /3  /1 @ /> m

•

" 8 ∆ $ @ /3 8 /1 @ /- m

aktu tem4u* 'o#a "t$  No 1 3 > < 2 0 ?

t "$ 1/ /=3 1/ /=< 1/3 1/= 1/1/>

"$ 1/3= 1/3= 1/3= 1/3= 1/3= 1/3= 1/3= 1/3=  ṯ 

t 8  ṯ  "$ 8 /3= 8 /1= 8 /3= 8 /?= 8 /= /<1 /121 /1

"t 8 ṯ $- "$/1<-1 /11??1 /1<-1 /0=-1 /?1 /-21 /-<=-1 /1

11

= 1

1/< 1/1 ∑ t @ 1/3=

1/3= 1/3=

/11 /21

/1-1 /30-1 ∑ "t 8 ṯ $- @ /<<-=

∴

 ṯ 

∑ t  n

@

10,39

@

 @ 1/3= 

10

∴

∆

@

√

t@

√

0,05529 9

∑ ( t − ṯ ) 2 n− 1

 @ √ 0,0061433333  @ /0?30=>1?= 

≈

 /0? 

:a(i ;aktu " ṯ   ∆ t  $ •

"t  ∆ t$ @ 1/3=  /0? @ 1/110 

•

"t 8 ∆ t$ @ 1/3= 8 /0? @ /=21 

Koefiien kekenta#an " η $ ∴

@

η

 @

2 ṝ 2 g  ṯ ( ρb− ρm ) 9s

2 ( 1,275 × 10-2) 2 × 9,8 × 1,039 ( 1110 −1102,65 ) 9 × 0,3

@ =/11?? × 18>

≈

  =/1- × 18>

@ =/1- × 183 Nm8- @ =/1- × 183 Pa  @ =/1- × 18- 4oie  '. O#i :arak tem4u* "$ ∴

  @ 3 &m @ /3 m

12

∴

1

∆

@

2

 ka#a terke&i#

1

@

 . /- @ /1 m

2

:a(i jarak " ±

∆s

$

•

"  ∆ $ @ /3  /1 @ /> m

•

" 8 ∆ $ @ /3 8 /1 @ /- m

aktu tem4u* 'o#a "t$  No 1 3 > < 2 0 ? = 1

t "$ 1/= 1/2 1/-2 1/30 1/1? 1/<< 1/33 1/<< 1/3 1/31 ∑ t @ 1>/3<

"$ 1/>3< 1/>3< 1/>3< 1/>3< 1/>3< 1/>3< 1/>3< 1/>3< 1/>3< 1/>3<  ṯ 

t 8  ṯ  "$ />2< /12< 8 /10< 8 /2< 8 /-<< /11< 8 /1< /11< 8 /13< 8 /1-<

"t 8 ṯ $- "$/-12--< /-0--< /32-< />--< /2<-< /13--< /11-< /13--< /1?--< /1<2-< ∑ "t 8 ṯ $- @ />1>2<

∴

 ṯ 

∑ t  n

@

14,35

@ ∴

∆

@

 @ 1/>3< 

10

√

t@

√

0,41465 9

∑ ( t − ṯ ) 2 n− 1

 @ √ 0,0460722222  @ /-1>2>>>?0 

≈

 /-1< 

:a(i ;aktu " ṯ   ∆ t  $ •

"t  ∆ t$ @ 1/>3<  /-1< @ 1/2< 

•

"t 8 ∆ t$ @ 1/>3< 8 /-1< @ 1/-- 

13

Koefiien kekenta#an " η $ ∴

@

η

 @

2 ṝ 2 g  ṯ ( ρb− ρo ) 9s

2 ( 1,275 × 10-2) 2 × 9,8 × 1,435 ( 1110− 978,61 )

@ --->/=? × 18>

9 × 0,3

≈

  ---< × 18>

@ ---/< × 183 Nm8- @ ---/< × 183 Pa  @ ---/< × 18- 4oie

9. PEM7A)ASAN ). PENUTUP 6A5TAR PUSTAKA

14