LAPORAN FISIKA EKSPERIMEN 1
PENGUKURAN FLUKS RADIASI GELOMBANG ELEKTROMAGNETIK GARDU LISTRIK
Disusun Oleh : Nama
: 1. ANANDA ANANDA IQBAL IQBAL
H1E014050
2. NUGRAHENI P. R.
H1E014051
. !IB !IBGHO"UR ROH#AN
H1E01405$
Ha% Ha%i & "an''a n''all
: (um) um)a*+ a*+ , O-* O-*/e% /e% 201 201
Asis*en
: !a*%i A% A.
KEMENTRIAN RISET, TEKNOLOGI, DAN PENDIDIKAN TINGGI UNIVERSITAS JENDERAL SOEDIRMAN FAKULT FAKULTAS MATEMATIKA DAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM JURUSAN FISIKA PURWOKERTO 2016
PENGUURAN 3LU! RADIA!I GELO#BANG ELE"RO#AGNE"I GARDU LI!"RI Oleh Anana I/al E-a6u*%a+ Nu'%aheni Pus6i*a Rini+ !i/'h*u% Rhman
AB!"RA E-s6e%imen Pen'u-u%an 7lu-s %aiasi 'elm/an' ele-*%ma'ne*i- 'a%u lis*%i- /e%*u8uan un*u- men'6e%asi-an se9a%a /ena% ala* u-u% 7lu-s %aiasi mean ele-*%ma'ne*i- Gaussme*e% A;40+ mela-u-an 6eme*aan /e- 6en'u-u%an se9a%a *e6a*+ /ena%+ an 6%seu%al+ mem/ua* 6e*a -n*u% ua an *i'a imensi se%*a 6e*a '%i
" 6aa 8a%a- -u%an' a%i 500 9m. a*a -un9i : 7lu-s %aiasi+ 'elm/an' ele-*%ma'ne*i-+ Gaussme*e%
AB!"RA" E?6e%imen* #easu%emen* 7 6=e% huse ele9*%ma'ne*i9 =a" a* a is*an9e 7 less *han 500 9m. e=% : %aian* 7lu?+ ele9*%ma'ne*i9 =a
PENDAHULUAN
1.1 La*a% Bela-an' ehiu6an manusia *ia- *e%le6as a%i ene%'i lis*%i-+ /ai- i %umah *an''a+ 6en'/a*an+ sa%ana -e%8a+ an -e'ia*an laina. ehai%an mean lis*%i- an mean ma'ne* ise-i*a% -ehiu6an manusia *ia- a6a* i%asa-an in%a manusia+ -e9uali 8i-a in*ensi*asna 9u-u6 /esa% an *e%asa 6aa %an' an' hi6e%;sensi*i
a-*i7i*as
seha%i;ha%i+
ma-a
sema-in
/ana-
6an9a%an
%aiasi
ele-*%ma'ne*i-. Ele-*%ma'ne*i- *e%i%i a*as ua -m/inasi mean lis*%i- an mean ma'ne* an' mem6unai ene%'i sama /esa%na. e9e6a*an me%am/a* sama en'an -e9e6a*an 9ahaa. !alah sa*u sum/e% lis*%i- ilin'-un'an masa%a-a* aalah !alu%an Ua%a "e'an'an E-s*%a "in''i @!U"E" 500 -. Pe%masalahan an' aa 6aa %aiasi sua*u 6e%an'-a* ala* lis*%i- aalah 6enem6a*anna an' *ia- *e6a* se6e%*i *e%lalu e-a* en'an lin'-un'an masa%a-a*+ sehin''a mene/a/-an %aiasi *e%se/u* *e%inisasi en'an *u/uh manusia sehin''a /e%am6a- 6aa 7isil'is *u/uh se6e%*i -elainan 'en+ a*au6un sis*em h%mn 6aa *u/uh manusia. #ean lis*%i- an mean ma'ne* suah aa se8a- /umi -i*a ini *e%/en*u-. A=an an' men'anun' 6*ensial ai%+ *e%a6a* mean lis*%i- an' /esa%na an*a%a 000 C 0.000 &m. Demi-ian 8u'a /umi se9a%a alamiah /e%mean lis*%i- @100 C 500 &m an /e%mean ma'ne* @0+004 C 0+00, m". Di alam %umah+ i *em6a* -e%8a+ i -an*% a*au i /en'-el *e%a6a* mean lis*%i- an mean ma'ne* /ua*an. #ean lis*%i- an mean ma'ne* ini /iasana /e%asal a%i ins*alasi an 6e%ala*an lis*%i-+ an*a%a lain /e%asal a%i : sis*em ins*alasi alam %umah+
lema%i 6enin'in+ A+ -i6as an'in+
6m6a ai%+ *ele
1.2 "u8uan 1 #en'6e%asi-an se9a%a /ena% ala* u-u% 7lu-s %aiasi mean ma'ne*i9 2
Gaussme*e% A;40. #ela-u-an 6eme*aan @gridding) /e- 6en'u-u%an se9a%a *e6a*+/ena%+an
6%9eu%al. #em/ua* 6e*a -n*u% ua an *i'a imensi se%*a 6e*a '%i
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA
A Gelm/an'
Gelm/an' aalah 'e*a%an an' me%am/a* ai*u %am/a*an ene%'i en'an *ia- ise%*ai 6e%6inahan 6a%*i-elna. Ben*u- ieal a%i sua*u 'elm/an' a-an men'i-u*i 'e%a- sinusial @Le< A. Os*%
Gambar 21 Gelm/an' !inusial
(enis;8enis Gelm/an' a6a* i/ea-an /e%asa%-an a%ah %am/a*anna+ meium 6e%am/a*anna an am6li*u sim6an'anna. Be%asa%-an a%ah %am/a*anna aa ua ma9am 'elm/an'+ ai*u : 1
Gelm/an' *%ans
*e%haa6 sim6an'anna 2. Gelm/an' ln'i*uinal ai*u 'elm/an' an' a%ah %am/a*anna se8a8a% en'an sim6an'anna. @Hallia Resni9-+ 11
Be%asa%-an meium 6e%am/a*anna : 1. Gelm/an' me-ani- ai*u 'elm/an' an' meme%lu-an meium 6e%am/a*an 2. Gelm/an' ele-*%ma'ne*i- ai*u 'elm/an' *an6a meme%lu-an meium 6e%am/a*an.Hu/un'an a%i se*ia6 /esa%an ; /esa%an 6aa 'elm/an'+ -e9e6a*an 6e%am/a*an 'elm/an' aalah sa*u 6an8an' 'elm/an' i/a'i 6e%ie.
B Gelm/an' Ele-*%ma'ne*i- Gelm/an' ele-*%ma'ne*i-
aalah
'elm/an'
an'
i
alam
6e%am/a*anna *ia- meme%lu-an meium 6e%an*a%a. n*hna sina% 'amma @+ sina% F+ sina% ul*%a
'elm/an' "+ 'elm/an' %ai. Gelm/an' ele-*%ma'ne*i- aalah 'elm/an' an' *ia- meme%lu-an meium un*u- me%am/a* @Rin+ 2011. Be/e%a6a si7a*; si7a* 'elm/an' ele-*%ma'ne*i- aalah se/a'ai /e%i-u*: 1 Gelm/an' ele-*%ma'ne*i- a6a* me%am/a* alam %uan' *an6a meium. 2 Pe%u/ahan mean lis*%i- an mean ma'ne*i- *e%8ai 6aa saa* an' /e%samaan+ sehin''a -eua mean memili-i ha%'a ma-simum an minimum 6aa saa* an' sama an 6aa *em6a* an' sama. A%ah mean lis*%i- an mean ma'ne*i- salin' *e'a- lu%us an -euana 4
*e'a- lu%us *e%haa6 a%ah %am/a* 'elm/an' @*%ans
5
an i7%a-si. e6a* %am/a* 'elm/an' hana /e%'an*un' 6aa si7a*;si7a* lis*%i- an ma'ne*i- meium an' i*em6uhna.
Raiasi Gelm/an' Ele-e*%ma'ne*i- #ean
ele-*%ma'ne*i-
aalah
'elm/an'
an'
ihasil-an
a%i
se6e%an'-a* ele-*%ni- an' men'hasil-an mean ma'ne* an 8u'a mean lis*%i- se9a%a /e%samaan. #ean lis*%i- memili-i sa*uan <l* me*e% a*au -il <l* me*e% en'an sum/e%na aalah *e'an'an lis*%i-+ semen*a% mean ma'ne* memili-i sa*uan "esla an' ihasil-an a%i sum/e% a%us an' aa 6aa 6e%an'-a* an' men'hasil-an lis*%i-. Paa mean lis*%i-+ a%ah 'aa an' mem/en*u- meanna sea%ah en'an sum/e% *e'an'anna /ai- 6a%*i-el /e%mua*an ne'a*i7 a*au6un an' 6si*i7. !e*ia6 mean lis*%i- memili-i *i*i- a=al an *i*i- a-hi%na imana *i*i- a=al me%u6a-an sum/e% *e'an'anna an *i*i- a-hi%na aalah se%in'-ali ise/u* se/a'ai '%un se6e%*i *anah. ua* mean lis*%i- *e%*in''i aa 6aa 6e%mu-aan sum/e% *e'an'anna+ semen*a%a nilai -ua* mean *e%enah aa -e*i-a men9a6ai *i*i- '%un @lese D-*e% elua%'a+ 2000;2001. Be/e%a6a 8enis ins*%umen analisis men''una-an %aiasi ele-*%ma'ne*i- alam 6en'6e%asianna. n*h:
Paa analisis en'an U&isi/le s6e9*%6h*me*e%+ -nsen*%asi sua*u -m6nen alam sam6el i*un8u--an en'an /ana- sei-i*na %aiasi ele-*%ma'ne*i- an' ise%a6 leh mle-ul a* i*u. Demi-ian 6ula un*u- IR @in7%a%e
s6e9*%6h*me*e%
an
8u'a
AA!
@a*mi9
a/s%6*in
s6e9*%6h*me*e%. Paa AA!+ %aiasi ele-*%ma'ne*i- ise%a6 leh a*ma*m a* an' ianalisis. Ene%'i ele-*%ma'ne*i- mem6unai si7a* 'ana ai*u: 1. !e/a'ai 'elm/an' 2. !e/a'ai %an'-aian 6a-e* ene%'i an' ise/u* 7*n. nse6 7*n 6en*in' un*u- 6em/ahasan in*e%a-si an*a%a %aiasi an /ahan. Raiasi ele-*%ma'ne*i- a6a* i8elas-an en'an /e/e%a6a si7a*: 3%e-uensi • Pan8an' 'elm/an' • e9e6a*an • !i7a* is*ime=a %aiasi ele-*%ma'ne*i- : -e9e6a*anna @9 -ns*an @alam %uan' ham6a 2+,25 @10$ m&e*i- a*au 9.@1010 9m&se9.J. 9 ise/u* -e9e6a*an 9ahaa -a%ena 9ahaa me%u6a-an sa*u /en*u- %aiasi ele-*%ma'ne*i-. e9e6a*an 9ahaa alam sua*u meium le/ih -e9il a%i nilai ini. 3lu-s ma'ne*i- 3lu-s ma'ne*i- i6e%leh en'an mela-u-an in*e'%asi a%i 6%u- s-ala% an*a%a
Gambar 22 Electromagnetic Spectrum
International Commisions on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection @INIRP 6aa *ahun 14 *elah mensa%a*-an aana /a*as am/an' aman 6a6a%an %aiasi GE# a%i uni* 9m6u*e% an' -emuian i%e
!emen*a%a+ un*u- 6e%ala*an ele-*%ni- an' *e%6asan' *un''al @ stand alone nilai /a*as am/an' 6a6a%anna isa8i-an alam "a/el 2.2. Tab!" 21. Pa6a%an ma-simum -husus un*u- lin'-un'an 6u/li- a%i sum/e% %aiasi
GE#
!um/e% Pa6a%an Raiasi GE# #ean GE# alami a*u aa lis*%i- @i alam %umah *ia- /e%e-a*an en'an su*e* a*u aa lis*%i- @i /a=ah su*e* Laa% " an mni*% Ruan'an&La/ m6u*e%
Pa6a%an #a-simum -husus lin'-un'an 6u/li- #ean Lis*%i- Ra6a* 3lu-s #a'ne*i- @>" @&m 200 ,0 @#ean ma'ne* Bumi 100
0.2
10000
20
10 ;
0., 100
Tab!" 22 3lu-s mean %aiasi 6aa 6e%ala*an ele-*%ni- *un''al @s*an alne
Pe%ala*an Ele-*%niUni* m6u*e% " Be%=a%na Rai !e*%i-a Pen'e%in' Ram/u*
K 9m @>" 0.5;0 2.5;50 1;5 $;0 ;2000
K 0 9m @>" 0.01 0.04;2 1 0.12;0. 0.01;,
K 1 m @>" 0.01;0.15 0.01 0.01;0.0 0.01;0.0
Le/ih lan8u*+ /e%asa%-an a*a a%i UNEP @ !nited Nations Environmental Programme)" an MHO #$orld Healt %rganization) 6aa *ahun 1$, 8u'a mena*a-an /ah=a %a6a* a%us inu-si ele-*%ma'ne*i- mem/e%i-an 6en'a%uh /il'is 6aa *u/uh manusia imana se*ia6 nilai 0+5 m" sama sa8a en'an nilai 1 mA&m2 6aa %en*an' 7%e-uensi 50;0 H.
1;10 mA&m2+ *ia- menim/ul-an e7e- /il'is an' /e%a%*i 10;100 mA&m2+ menim/ul-an e7e- 6aa sis*em 6en'liha*an an sis*em sa%a7 100;1000 mA&m2+ menim/ul-an s*imulasi 6aa 8a%in'an;8a%in'an an' a6a* sa%a7 6usa* sehin''a i-a*a-an /e%/ahaa 1000 mA&m2+ a6a* menim/ul-an 'an''uan 6aa %'an alam *u/uh se6e%*i 8an*un'+ se6e%*i 7i/%asi
BAB III METODOLOGI
.1 Ma-*u an "em6a* P%a-*i-um ini ila-sana-an 6aa ha%i !enin *an''al O-*/e% 201 i La/%a*%ium E-e6e%imen an #a*e%ial (u%usan 3isi-a 3a-ul*as #IPA UN!OED 6aa 6u-ul 0,.00 C 0.00 MIB.
.2 Ala* an /ahan Pe%ala*an an' i/u*uh-an alam e-s6e%imen ini aalah: 1. Gaussme*e% 2. !um/e% %aiasi ele-*%ma'ne* Ga%u Lis*%i- . #e*e%an 4. !7*=a%e !u%7e% $ 5. Ala* "ulis
. a%a -e%8a 1. #enia6-an sa*u se* 6e%ala*an 6%a-*i-um meli6u*i ala* an /ahan. 2. #enen*u-an *i*i- l-asi 6en'am/ilan nilai 7lu-s %aiasi GE#. . #en'u-u% nilai 7lu-s %aiasi GE# a%i a%ah e6an *i*i- l-asi an' *elah *e%6ilih a%i 8a%a- 0 9m sam6ai en'an 500 9m @en'an -enai-an 8a%amasin';masin' 50 9m 4. #en9a*a* hasil nilai 7lu-s %aiasi GE# an' *e%u-u% 6aa 'aussme*e%.
5. #en'ulan'i lan'-ah *e%se/u* un*u- a%ah /ela-an' + -anan+ an -i%i.
.4 Dia'%am Ali%
BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN
Paa asa%na se*ia6 ala* ele-*%ni- semuana meman9a%-an 'elm/an' ele-*%ma'ne*i-. A%us lis*%i- an' men'ali% alam 6i%an*i ha%=a%e ala* ele-*%ni-+
*e%ua*ama 9a*u aa+ me%u6a-an ali%an mua*an;mua*an s*a*is an' /e%'e%a- se9a%a se%en*a- an sea%ah. Ali%an mua*an s*a*is an' -n*inu an 9u-u6 /esa% a-an men'hasil-an se/uah mean 'a/un'an ai*u mean ele-*%ma'ne*i- an' men8ala%. Gelm/an' ele-*%ma'ne*i- me%u6a-an se/uah mean 'aa an' *e%i%i a*as mean lis*%i- @E an an' /e%islasi en'an " @9m @>" @9m @>" @9m @>" 0 10000 0 10000 0 1$000 0 4000 50 4000 50 4000 50 4000 50 2000 100 $0 100 4000 100 440 100 20 150 40 150 0 150 0 150 1 200 40 200 0 200 0 200 0+$ 250 40 250 0 250 40 250 1 00 2+2 00 20 00 20 00 1+$ 50 2+2 50 50 5+ 50 1+$ 400 1+$ 400 2+ 400 ,+4 400 2 450 1+$ 450 2 450 $+$ 450 2 500 1+$ 500 1+$ 500 +4 500 2+4 Tab!" #1 Da*a Pen'ama*an
Hasil a*a 6en'ama*an+ selan8u*na ilah men''una-an s7*=a%e su%7e% 10 an ia6a*-an 6e*a -n*u% se/a'ai /e%i-u* :
Gambar #1 Pe*a n*u% "i'a Dimensi
Gambar #2 Pe*a n*u% Dua Dimensi
Da%i hasil an' i6e%leh ma-a a6a* i-e*ahui /ah=a 8a%a- /e%6en'a%uh *e%haa6 nilai 7lu-s %aiasi mean ele-*%ma'ne*i-. #ean ma'ne* an' i6an9a%-an ini sema-in menu%un en'an /e%*am/ahna 8a%a- an*a% 'aussme*e% A;40 an 'a%u.
Hal ini a6a* iliha* a%i a*a hasil 6en'ama*an. !ema-in 8auh 8a%a- 'aussme*e% *e%haa6 mni*% ma-a nilai 7lu-s %aiasi mean ele-*%ma'ne*i-na sema-in -e9il. Hal ini 8u'a /e%la-u un*u- nilai 7lu-s %aiasi mean ele-*%ma'ne* 6aa ala* ele-*%ni- lainna an' a6a* iali%i a%us lis*%-. Hasil ini sesuai en'an hu-um Bi%* !a
μ0 I =
2 πr
Pe*a -n*u% 2D anD un*u- mni*% an PU i/ua* en'an men'in6u* a*a *i*i- in*e%
Fluks (μT)
Fluks (μT)
800
400
600
300
400
200
200
100
0
0 0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Fluks (μT)
Fluks (μT)
50
150
40 100
30 20
50
10 0
0 0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
BAB V PENUTUP
5.1 esim6ulan Da%i 6%a-*i-um an' *elah ila-u-an+ a6a* isim6ul-an /ah=a ae%ah ise-elilin' 'a%u *e%a6a* 7lu-s %aiasi 'elm/an' ele-*%ma'ne*i- an' /esa% nilaina men'um6ul 6aa /a'ian 6usa* @0+0. Besa% 7lu-s %aiasi ise-i*a% 'a%u masih alam *in'-a*an i/a=ah International Commisions on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection @INIRP an Enviromental Healt Commisions @EH an' menaa*a-an /ah=a /esa% nilai 9a*u aa lis*%i- @i alam %umah *ia- /e%e-a*an en'an su*e* ha%us memili-i %a6a* 7lu-s ma'ne*i- se/esa% 0.2 >". Paa 8a%a- le/ih a%i 500 9m nilai %a6a* 7lu-s ma'ne*i- a-aan i /a=ah 0.2 >". DA3"AR PU!"AA
Hallia Resni9-. 11. &isi'a. (ilid . (a-a%*a : E%lan''a Le< A. Os*%
*engupa,a'an Pendidi'an 0o'ter dengan Pola Pende'atan 1edo'teran 1eluarga. n'%es Nasinal -e lese D-*e% elua%'a Innesia an Pe%*emuan Ilmiah Nasinal Pe%*ama D-*e% elua%'a. 'a-a%*a+ 20;2 O-*/e% 2000. Pengaru 1eseatan teradap 1eluarga. Pela*ihan D-*e% elua%'a. e%8asama Dinas eseha*an P%
LAMPIRAN