ISAE v Quisumbing

International School of Alliance of Educators v Hon. Leonardo Quisimbing GR No. 1!!"# $une 1% &&&  Azcuna, Yorac, Yorac, Sarmiento, Arroyo Arroyo and and Chua Law Offices for Offices  for 'etitioner (ISAE)  Bernas Law Offices for Offices for Res*ondent (Quisumbing% IS Inc) +octrine, 1. -hat *ublic *ublic *olic abhors ine/ualit and discrimination discrimination is beond beond contention. contention. -he -he 0onstitution 0onstitution in the Article on Social $ustice and Human Rights ehorts congress to give highest *riorit to the enactment of measures that *rotect and enhance the right of all *eo*le to human dignit% reduce social% economic and *olitical ine/ualities. Article 12 states that ever *erson in the eercise of his rights and in the *erformance of his duties% act 3ith 4ustice% give everone his due and observe honest and good faith. . -he 0onstitution 0onstitution directs the the State to *romote *romote e/ualit of em*loment em*loment o**ortunities o**ortunities for all. If an em*loer accords em*loees the same *osition and ran5% the *resum*tion is that these em*loees  *erform e/ual 3or5. It is for the the em*loer to e*lain 3h the em*loee is treated unfairl unfairl.. 6. -he State State has the right right and dut dut to regulate regulate the relatio relations ns bet3een bet3een labor labor and ca*ital ca*ital.. -hese relations are not merel contractual but are so im*ressed 3ith *ublic interest that labor contracts% 07As included must ield to the common good. 8if contrar to *ublic *olic% courts 3ill not hesitate to stri5e do3n these sti*ulations. 9acts, 1. Internatio International nal School School Inc :IS; *ursuant *ursuant to '+ <6 is a domestic domestic educatio educational nal institu institution tion *rimaril *rimaril  established for the de*endents of foreign di*lomatic *ersonnel and other tem*orar residents. a.  :c; authori=es authori=es the the school school to em*lo em*lo its o3n teachin teaching g and managem management ent *ersonnel *ersonnel.. i. -he are eem*t eem*t from a**licab a**licable le la3s attendin attending g their em*lom em*loment ent ece*t those those that are enacted for the *rotection of em*loees  b.  classification of em*loees em*loees i. 9ore 9oreig ign n Hir Hired ed ii. +irec irectt Hi Hired red c. Stan Standa dard rd for for class classif ific icat atio ion n i. >3ns domic omiciile ii. Home ome eco econom nom iii. iii. Econ Econom omic ic alle allegi gian ance ce iv. iv. Reas Reason on for for em*l em*lo ome ment nt v. ???If ???If an *ertains *ertains to the 'hili**in 'hili**ines es then he is to be considere considered d a locall hired hired em*loee@ if not% a foreign hired em*loee d. 7ene 7enefi fits ts of of 9ore 9oreig ign n Hir Hired ed i. 7asic 1. Housing . -ran -rans* s*or orta tati tion on 6. Shi Shi**in **ing g 0o 0osts sts ". -aes #. -rav -ravel el Allo3 llo3an ance ce ii. Salar 1. # more more than than the amoun amountt received received b Local Local Hires Hires :'oint :'oint of 0ontrovers; iii. iii. Rati Ration onal alee for ben benef efit itss 1. +islocati +islocation on factorBal factorBalienat ienation ion from famil famil etc. etc. . Limited Limited tenureBun tenureBuncertai certaint nt of em*lo em*loment ment u*on u*on return return to domicile domicile

. -here 3as a deadloc5 in the formulation of a ne3 0ollecting 7argaining Agreement bet3een the School and the ISAE :Cnion; due to the issue of salar discre*anc bet3een the  sets of em*loees. 6. A notice of stri5e 3as given b ISAE. a. National 0oncilliation and Dediation 7oard failed to *acif *arties  b. +>LE assumed 4urisdiction over the issue ". Resolution b +>LE a. -ra4ano :Acting Secretar of Labor; resolved the issue in favor of the School i. Rationale 1. 7oth grou*s received the same benefits . E/ual *a for e/ual 3or5 does not a**l due to differences in culture 6. -he augmented salar is a form of enticement so that the school remains com*etitive in the international mar5et ". Limited contract of em*loment for the foreign hires as com*ared to the securit of tenure en4oed b the Local Hires  b. Quisumbing :Secretar of Labor; denied the DR. Issues, 1. FN e/ual 3or5 for e/ual *a a**lies in the case ES HeldRatio, 1. 'ublic *olic abhors ine/ualit and discrimination a. Article of Social $ustice and Human Rights ehorts 0ongress to give highest *riorit to the enactment of measures to *rotect and enhance the rights of all *eo*le to human dignit% reduce social% economic and *olitical ine/ualities  b. Article 12 states that ever *erson in the eercise of his rights and in the *erformance of his duties% act 3ith 4ustice% give everone his due and observe honest and good faith. . International La3 *roscribes discrimination. General *rinci*les of la3 include *rinci*les of e/uit a. 0onvention against +iscrimination in Education  b. +octrine of incor*orationB *rinci*les are incor*orated in our domestic la3s c. Humane conditions of 3or5 does not onl include the *hsical 3or5*lace but also treatment of em*loees 6. -he Labor 0ode imbibes e/ual 3or5 o**ortunities regards of se% race or creed. a. +iscrimination in terms of 3ages is fro3ned u*on in the Labor 0ode. i. i.e. 9emale em*loees should receive same salar 3ith men in terms of the same 3or5 done.  b. International 0onvention on Economic and Social RightsB E/ual *a for e/ual 3or5  *rinci*le ". IS defense that there 3as no evidence adduced to sho3 that local hires *erform e/ual 3or5  a. -here is a *resum*tion as there is sameness in ran5   b. -o *ut the burden to the em*loee in *roving such adds insult to in4ur c. Sim*l *ut% it is the em*loerJs burden to *rove. #. Salaries should not be used as an enticement to the *re4udice of local hires K. -he State is en4oined b the 0onstitution to *rotect the rights of 3or5ers and *romote their 3elfare@ afford full labor *rotection. a. State has the *o3er to regulate relations bet3een labor and ca*ital <. 0ourt agrees though that foreign hires do not belong to the same bargaining unit as the local hires a. 9actors to determine i. Fill of the em*loees ii. Affinit and unit of em*loeesJ interest such as similarit of 3or5 and duties% similarit of com*ensation and 3or5ing conditions iii. 'rior collective bargaining histor

iv. Similarit of em*loment status  b. It does not a**ear that foreign hires have indicated their intention to be grou*ed 3ith local hires i. -reated b the school se*aratel ii. +ifferences in tenure c. -his difference 4ustifies the en4oment of benefits other than the augmented salar. !.