ABSTRACT Bananas have a lot of benefits for our health. It can help us restore normal bowel function when we are constipated. Bananas are also high in potassium, yet low in sodium, which is perfect for preventing high blood pressure. Besides those health benefits, did you know that bananas can also be a source of cardboard?
INTRODUCTION Banana (Musa sp.) is one of the most common and widely grown fruit crops in the Philippines. It is also one of the country’s major dollar earners, and banana ha s consistently ranked next to coconut oil and prawns in terms of value earning during the last five years. In 1993, banana topped local production of other major fruits such as pineapple and mango. Banana has many uses. The ripe fruit is pureed, candied, and preserved in various forms when not eaten fresh. Its extract is used in the manufacture of catsup, vinegar, and wine. The unripe fruit is powdered and chipped. Among the more popular varieties are the Bungulan, Lacatan, Latundan, Saba, and Cavendish. In rural areas, the young leaves are pounded and applied to injuries to suppress bleeding. The leaves are also used widely as packing materials for fruits and vegetables in market centers. Banana fiber is woven into rope, and mat. Sheets of paper and paper boards are also made from banana peel. Banana blossom is exported dried and usually added to meat recipes.
OBJECTIVES
Develop an environment-friendly, safe and useful particle board.
To lessen the insects caused by left peelings of bananas.
Serves as an alternative in schools and offices.
To endorse a product at an affordable price.
To lessen expenses on expensive bulletin boards.
HYPOTHESIS
Banana peelings as an alternative material of a particle board are useful and 100% effective.
The particle board made up of banana peelings and torn papers cannot be easily broken.
Banana peelings are more effective than other substitute raw material.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM THE FEASIBILTY OF BANANA PEELINGS AS A MATERIAL IN MAKING PARTICLE BOARD This study was conducted to investigate or search if how effective and how this cardboard made up of banana peelings really works compared to an ordinary particle board.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY The purpose of this research is to produce a demand number of particle boards through peelings of bananas as an alternative of buying costly cardboards. It is very helpful and useful to students and office and school works because it is easy to make and would cost lesser expenses. It is a wholesome activity to develop the values
of
self-reliance,
environmental friendly.
innovativeness
and
being
SCOPE AND LIMITATION This research is limited only to the effectivity of the Banana Peeling cardboard as an alternative of a particle board. This research will concentrate only to the wise and proper use of the materials in making the project.
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE I.
A History of the Corkboard
Cork has been around for millennia. Cork bottle stoppers have been found in ancient Egyptian tombs. In ancient Greece, many items such as fishing net floats, sandals and bottle stoppers were made with cork. It was not until the end of the 19th century, however, that corkboard was invented. Throughout the ages, cork was produced same as it ever was, with much of the cork going to waste. In 1890, a German company began collecting the waste cork particles and using a clay binder to create an agglomerate cork sheet. The next year an American by the name of John T. Smith improved upon the process. Instead of using a clay binder, Smith's process used heat and pressure to combine the waste cork together, created a pure agglomerated corkboard. Initially, corkboard was used primarily as insulation. This all changed in 1924 when George Brooks, a resident of Topeka, Kansas, patented a new use for corkboard: as a bulletin board you could stick tacks into. A simple yet brilliant idea which has impacted the way we post messages to this day. Also known as pinboards, bulletin boards and of course cork boards, George Brooks' invention is a mainstay in homes and offices around the world. Unfortunately, little is known about these earliest pinboards aside from the patent issued by Brooks. Most likely he manufactured and marketed it on a small scale for the Topeka area. However, history tells us word did eventually spread to other parts of the country, and today corkboards are a universal phenomenon around the world. In those days, the lifespan of a patent was only 17 years. Thus, the patent for George Brooks' invention ran out in 1941. From then on, anyone would be able to create and market their own versions of the product. In 1940, the first major innovation upon the corkboard concept emerged. Another George, George E. Fox received a patent for a similar construction which could hang from a wall. Rather than using cork board, however, his pinboard used foam rubber with a cardboard backing. Popularity of corkboards and pinboards grew rapidly. By the mid 1950's, use of push -pin bulletin boards was fairly common among businesses throughout much of the United States, whether they be corkboard bulletin boards or George Fox's foam rubber version. In 1956, a new update to the design was developed. Earl Knudson with the Modern Display Co. took Fox's design and replaced the foam rubber with fiberboard. As popularity at workplaces grew, the corkboard soon began to become a common fixture in the home as well. Spouses could easily post notes to each other, or notes for children. Today, as technology continues to progress with computers, the Internet and more, bulletin
boards are becoming less ubiquitous, however they remain a mainstay in offices and many homes throughout the world. Modern plywood, as an alternative to natural wood, was invented in the 19th century, but by the end of the 1940s a shortage of lumber made it difficult to manufacture plywood affordably. Particleboard was intended to be a replacement. Its inventor was Max Himmelheber of Germany. The first commercial piece was produced during World War II at a factory in Bremen, Germany. It used waste material such as planer shavings, offcuts or sawdust, hammer-milled into chips, and bound together with a phenolic resin. Hammer-milling involves smashing material into smaller and smaller pieces until they pass out through a screen. Most other early particleboard manufacturers used similar processes, though often with slightly different resins. It was found that better strength, appearance and resin economy could be achieved by using more uniform, manufactured chips. Manufacturers began processing solid birch, beech, alder, pine and spruce into consistent chips and flakes. These finer layers were then placed on the outsides of the board, with the central section composed of coarser, cheaper chips. This type of board is known as three-layer particleboard. More recently, graded-density particleboard has also evolved. It contains particles that gradually become smaller as they get closer to the surface.
II.
Variety of Bananas
Banana is native to Southeast Asia where the climate is warm and humid. Of the 57 banana cultivars, the following are the most common in the Philippines: SABA grows to as tall as 20 feet; fruit is angular; has thick peel that is green when unripe, yellow when ripe; flesh is white when ripe; gestation period is 15 to 16 months. LAKATAN grows to a height of five to nine feet; fruit is rounding, seedless; has thick peel that is green when unripe, yellow-orange when ripe; gestation period is 14 to 15 months. LATUNDAN grows from six to 10 feet tall: fruit is round; has thin peel that is green when unripe, yellow when ripe; flesh is white when ripe; gestation period is 12 months. BANGULAN fruit is round, very sweet, seedless, and easily rots; has thick peel that is green when unripe and remains green when ripe; flesh is white when ripe; gestation period is 12 months. CAVENDISH reaches five to 10 feet high; fruit is bigger than Bungulan; peel is green when unripe, yellow when ripe; flesh is yellow when ripe; export quality; gestation period is six to eight months.
METHODOLOGY A.MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENTS:
200 grams banana peelings
100 grams torn papers
100 grams cornstarch
molder (20 cm x 9 cm)
fork
clean-clean basin
water
B. PROCEDURES 1. Prepare all the materials. 2. Boil the banana peelings for 20 minutes. 3. Scrape the fiber of the boiled banana peelings with the use of a fork. 4. Soak torn papers into the water for 2 minutes. 5. Place the soaked paper in a clean basin together with the banana peelings. 6. Mix the cornstarch together with the soaked paper and banana fiber for 5 minutes. 7. Place the mixed materials in a 20 cm by 9 cm molder (the size of an ordinary cardboard). Put the molder under the heat of the sun until it dries.
THE FEASIBILITY OF BANANA PEELINGS AS SUBSTITUTE RAW MATERIAL IN CARDBOARD MAKING SUBMITTED BY: CRESS LORRAINE SORIANO HANNA JOI DEL MUNDO MARIECON DEL ROSARIO JESSABEL ACOSTA KIM JEROME MAGNO OHLER ESTRELLA ROJANE MENDOZA TERESA VALINO DAYANARA OCBIAN DEAN JOSEPH FLORES
FRITZ CEASAR GABAY ARLENE JOY RARAMA AZALIE CHRISTA CARTAS BRITZ CEAZAR GABAY BRYANT JAY CORPUZ CHARMAINE GASPAR MELDRIQUE DUMLAO VALEN DEOCAREZA FREANNE JAN LUCLUCAN
SUBMITTED TO: MA’AM MARIEFE G. CAINGLIT
TABLE OF CONTENTS CONTENTS
PAGE
TITLE-------------------------------------------------------- I ABSTRACT--------------------------------------------------- II TABLE OF CONTENTS---------------------------------------- III CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION------------------------------------------------ 1 OBJECTIVES---------------------------------------------------- 2 HYPOTHESIS--------------------------------------------------- 3 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM -------------------------------- 4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY--------------------------------- 5 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS------------------------------------- 6 CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES----------- 7 METHODOLOGY---------------------------------------------- 12 RESULTS AND FINDINGS-------------------------------------- 13 SUMMARY---------------------------------------------------- 16 CONCLUSION------------------------------------------------- 17 RECOMMENDATION------------------------------------------ 18
SUMMARY The use of banana peelings for the formulation of particle board is effective and reliable. In the study made, this technique and procedures are easier to make. With the standard of our economy, materials are cheaper compared to an original cardboard bought in the market. This would help students and employees save money. Furthermore, this also lessens the papers scattered in an area. Through this, there can be fewer flies present in our fruit cases because of the usage of the left banana peelings.
CONCLUSION We therefore conclude that banana peelings can be a substitute raw material in cardboard making. The scraped fibers, torn papers and the cornstarch are mixed together forming a particle board. With the help of the sun, the materials are dried up and hardened. Now, in just weeks after, you can have your own particle board.
RECOMMENDATION Further researches and trials should be done on other raw materials that can be used as a substitute material in cardboard making.
