Future Tenses.pdf

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FUTURE SIMPLE PRESENT SIMPLE USE: Events certain to happen. Examples: Examples: turns 100 this July. My grandmother turns 100 •

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starts on 21 December. Winter starts on

WILL USES: 1. Promises •

will buy you this toy. I promise I will buy

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will never leave me! Promise you will never

2. Unplanned actions •

will help you with this problem. Don't worry! I will help

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I will close will close the window. It's starting to rain.

3. Predictions •

will rain in a moment. It will rain

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It will get will get more difficult.

4. Habits •

She will bit will bit her lip if she is thinking or if she's nervous about something.

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will always make noise when we are sleeping. He will always

Examples

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will clean I will clean up my room. I promise! The telephone is ringing. I will pick it up!

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will rain. I think it will rain.

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will stay He will stay there for hours, doing nothing.

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Remember! We often use "will" with: •

probably, most likely


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I think

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I’m sure

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I wonder (if, what, when, etc.)

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I expect

SHALL You can also use ‘shall’ to express future in Future Simple. It is more formal than ‘will’, and usually appears in formal speeches, agreements or guarantees. •

The guarantee shall be provided on the following conditions:

•

We shall never surrender!

Remember! Remember, you should never use ‘will’ to say what somebody has already arranged or decided to do in the future: •

CORRECT: Mike is moving to New Jersey next month.

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INCORRECT: Mike will move to New Jersey next month.

MORE EXAMPLES I think he will regret his choice. (Use 3) •

•

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I will come back at 10 p.m. (Use 1) If you will keep your watch half an hour slow it is hardly surprising that you are late for your appointments. (Use 4)

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John will keep dropping his towel on the floor after a bath. (Use 4)

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I will visit my grandma at hospital. (Use 1 or Use 2)

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Let's buy the snacks at the supermarket—it will be cheaper that way. (Use 3)

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When I'm 60 years old, I will be completely bald. (Use 3)

BE GOING TO Be going to is another form to express the future. We mainly use it to talk about planned actions or to make predictions. Uses 1. Planned actions, intentions 2. Prediction based on observing the present situation * * Use Will form to express predictions based on experience or intuition Examples:


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This team is definitely going to win the competition. (Use 2)

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I'm going to visit my grandma next week. (Use 1)

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Sheila is going to give birth in a couple of weeks. (Use 2)

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It's going to rain. Look at the clouds! (Use 2)

‘Going to’ VS. will When we want to talk about future facts or things we believe to be true about the future, we use 'will'. • • • •

The President will serve for four years. The boss won't be very happy. I'm sure you'll like her. I'm certain he'll do a good job.

If we are not so certain about the future, we use 'will' with expressions such as 'probably', 'possibly', 'I think', 'I hope'. • • • •

I hope you'll visit me in my home one day. She'll probably be a great success. I'll possibly come but I may not get back in time. I think we'll get on well.

If you are making a future prediction based on evidence in the present situation, use 'going to'. • • • •

Not a cloud in the sky. It's going to be another warm day. Look at the queue. We're not going to get in for hours. The traffic is terrible. We're going to miss our flight. Be careful! You're going to spill your coffee.

At the moment of making a spontaneous decision, use 'will'. Once you have made the decision, talk about it using 'going to'. •

I'll call Jenny to let her know. Sarah, I need Jenny's number. I'm going to call her about the meeting.

PRESENT CONTINUOUS USE: Future (personal) arrangements and plans. Examples: I'm meeting Katie in the evening. •

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He's flying to Rome in September.

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We're not going anywhere tomorrow.


‘Going to’ VS. Present Continuous: Both the present continuous and 'going to' can be used to talk about future plans and arrangements even though they are present forms. This is because the future plan has already been made and exists in the present, it is not something which is decided at the moment of speaking. Often there is very little difference between the two forms and you can use either, however we tend to use the present continuous for a fixed arrangements, such as appointments. PRESENT CONTINUOUS I am babysitting tonight. She is studying this weekend. He is seeing the dentist on Tuesday. We are meeting at 12.00 with the bank manager.

GOING TO I am going to watch a film tomorrow. Tom is going to do the shopping later. She is going to start music lessons soon. We are going to study really hard at the weekend.


FUTURE CONTINUOUS We mainly use the Future Continuous to indicate that we will be in the middle of doing something in a specified time in the future. There are also two other uses, listed below in point 2 and 3: USE 1. Future actions in progress 2. Guesses about the present or the future 3. Polite questions about somebody's intention . Examples •

Tomorrow at this time, I will be taking my English langauge exam.

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Ben won't be eating the dinner now. He usually eats it around noon!

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Will you be coming to the party tonight?

Good to know If you want to learn about somebody's intentions, you should always use the Future Continuous rather than the Present Simple. Using the Future Simple implies that you want to influence somebody's decision. Questions become much more objective if formed in the Future Continuous. Compare: o

Will you come home? (= I want you to come home)

o

Will you be coming home? (= I just want to know)

USE 1: Future actions in progress The first use of the Future Continuous is to express future action in progress. Examples: •

In an hour, I will be sitting in front of my TV.

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In the evening, I will be baking a birthday cake.

USE 2: Guesses Use this tense also to make guesses about something in the present or future. Examples: •

He won't be coming any time soon. He is still at the office.

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Beatrice will be getting married very soon.


USE 3: Questions And the last use of the tense is to make polite questions about something or somebody. Examples: •

Will you be coming home before or after 10 p.m.?

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Will you be going to the supermarket? I have something to buy.

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She'll be having a bath when I'm back home. (Use 1)

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Tomorrow at nine, I will be hosing off (=washing with a hose) my car. (Use 1)

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This time next week, I am going to be throwing a party. (Use 1)

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I'll be watching TV when my mother arrives. (Use 1)

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They will be getting home just about now. (Use 2)


FUTURE PERFECT We use the Future Perfect tense to talk about actions that will be finished before some point in the future. We also use this tense to express situations that will last for a specified period of time at a definite moment in the future. The last use is to express certainty that an action was completed. Examples •

I will have graduated from university by May.

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Patrick will have lived in Hong Kong for 20 years by the next month.

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The train will have left by now.

USE 1: Completion before a specified point in the future Examples: •

Before they come, we will have cleaned up the house.

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John will have eaten the whole cake, by the time the birthday party starts!

USE 2: Duration in the Future Examples: •

By the next year, I will have known Monica for 30 years.

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Patrick will have lived in Hong Kong for 20 years by 2012.

Common Time Expressions Time expressions that are commonly used with the Future Perfect: o

By

o

By the time

o

Before

o

By tomorrow/7 o'clock/next month

o

Until/till

USE 3: Certainty About the Near Past Examples: •

•

The train will have left by now. We have to look for another way to get there. (I'm sure the train has left) The guests will have arrived at the hotel by now. (I'm sure the guests have arrived at the hotel)


FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS We use the Future Perfect Continuous tense to express situations that will last for a specified period of time at a definite moment in the future. We also use this tense to express certainty about the cause of some future situation. Examples •

•

By the next year, I will have been working as a teacher for 30 years. We will be making a rest stop in half an hour, because you will have been driving the car for 6 hours by then.

USE 1: Duration Examples: •

Before they come, we will have been cleaning the house for 5 hours.

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By the next year, Ben and his wife will have been living together for 50 years.

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By the next month, I will have been saving money for a new house for 4 years]

Common Time Expressions: Time expressions that are commonly used with the Future Perfect Continuous: o

By tomorrow / 8 o'clock

o

This year / month / week

o

Next year / month / week

USE 2: Cause Examples: •

•

By this time, he will have been working for 12 hours, so he will be very tired. We will be making a rest stop in half an hour, because you will have been driving the car for 6 hours by then.

Note: If duration of an activity (e.g. "since April", "for three hours") is unknown then the Future Continuous should be used instead of the Perfect Form. Example: o

I will be taking a bath.

o

I will have been taking a bath.


ACTIVITIES 1) Put in the verbs in brackets into the gap. Use will or going to. Example: I hope, that the sun ________ tomorrow. (to shine) Answer: I hope, that the sun will shine tomorrow.

1. Philipp _____________ 15 next Wednesday. (to be) 2. They _____________ a new computer. (to get) 3. I think, my mother _____________ this CD. (to like) 4. Paul's sister _____________ a baby. (to have) 5. They _____________ at about 4 in the afternoon. (to arrive) 6. Just a moment. I _____________ you with the bags. (to help) 7. In 2020 people _____________ more hybrid cars. (to buy) 8. Marvin _____________ a party next week. (to throw) 9. We _____________ to Venice in June. (to fly) 10.Look at the clouds! It _____________ soon. (to rain) 11.I feel really tired. I think I _____________ to bed. (to go) 12.Where are you going? I _____________ a customer. (to visit) 13.Do you want me to help you? No thanks. John _____________ me. (to help) 14.Would you prefer tea or coffee? I _____________ some coffee, please. (to have) 15.Would you like to come to my house for dinner and talk about this? Good idea. I

_____________ some wine. (to bring) 16.I've already decided. I _____________ a new car. (to buy) 17.What are your plans for next week? I _____________ to New York on business.

Probably on Tuesday but I haven't bought my ticket yet. (to fly) 18.What are your plans for the holidays? I _____________ my parents for a few days and

then go walking in Scotland. (visit) 19.Why are you wearing your best suit? I _____________ lunch with my biggest

customer. (to have) 20.Do you want to have the chicken or the beef? I think I _____________ the beef. (to

have)


21.My head hurts. Sit down and I _____________ you an aspirin. (to get) 22.We need some more ink for the printer. I _____________ to the shop and get some.

(to go) 23.Look! There's smoke coming out of the photocopier. You turn it off and I

_____________ the safety officer. (to phone) 24.I cannot see how to use this spreadsheet. Don't worry. I _____________ you. (to help) 25.I need to speak to you today. I'm going out now but I _____________ back later. (to

be) 26.Did you phone Michael? I'm sorry. I completely forgot. I _____________ it now. (to

do) 27.Can you help me with this? I don't understand. I _____________ you a hand as soon as

I've finished this. (to give) 28.That's much too heavy for one person. I _____________ you a hand. (to give) 29.Could somebody answer the phone? I _____________ it. (to get) 30.It's really hot in here. I _____________ on the air-conditioning. (to put)

2) Use the verbs in brackets in the correct future tenses. Use will, going to, simple present or present progressive. Example: The weather ______ nice on Sunday . (to be) Answer: The weather will be nice on Sunday. 31.The train _____________ at 11:45. (to leave) 32.We _____________ dinner at a nice restaurant on Saturday. (to have) 33.It _____________ in the mountains tomorrow evening. (to snow) 34.On Sunday at 8 o'clock I _____________ my friend. (to meet) 35.They _____________ to London on Friday evening. (to fly) 36.Wait! I_____________ you to the station. (to drive) 37.The English lesson _____________ at 8:45. (to start) 38.I _____________ my sister in April. (to see) 39.Look at the clouds - it _____________ in a few minutes. (to rain) 40.Listen! There's someone at the door. I _____________ the door for you. (to open)


3) Complete the sentences with the future continuous, future perfect or future perfect continuous form of the verbs in brackets. 1. We _____________ (move) into our new house soon. I'm so excited. 2. I _____________ (go out) with John for two years in May. 3. _____________ (you / use) the car at the weekend? 4. This time tomorrow, we'll be celebrating because we _____________ (finish) our

exams. 5. Don't phone her now. She _____________ (have) dinner. 6. We _____________ (not / work) next week. We'll be on holiday. 7. This time next month I _____________ (drive) for ten years. 8. I'm afraid the books you ordered _____________ (not / arrive) by Friday.


ANSWER KEY 1) Put in the verbs in brackets into the gap. Use will or going to. 1.

Philipp WILL BE 15 next Wednesday. (to be)

2. They ARE GOING TO GET a new computer. (to get) 3. I think, my mother WILL LIKE this CD. (to like) 4. Paul's sister IS GOING TO HAVE a baby. (to have) 5. They WILL ARRIVE at about 4 in the afternoon. (to arrive) 6. In 2020 people WILL BUY more hybrid cars. (to buy) 7. Marvin IS GOING TO THROW a party next week. (to throw) 8. We WILL FLY to Venice in June. (to fly) 9. Could somebody answer the phone? I WILL GET it. (to get) 10.Look at the clouds! It IS GOING TO RAIN soon. (to rain) 11.I feel really tired. I think I WILL GO to bed. (to go) 12.Just a moment. I WILL HEP you with the bags. (to help) 13.Where are you going? I AM GOING TO VISIT a customer. (to visit) 14.Do you want me to help you? No thanks. John WILL HELP me. (to help) 15.I need to speak to you today. I'm going out now but I WILL BE back later. (to be) 16.

What are your plans for next week? I AM GOING TO FLY to New York on business. Probably on Tuesday but I haven't bought my ticket yet. (to fly)

17.Would you prefer tea or coffee? I WILL HAVE some coffee, please. (to have) 18.

Would you like to come to my house for dinner and talk about this? Good idea. I WILL BRING some wine. (to bring)

19.

I've already decided. I AM GOING TO BUY a new car. (to buy)

20.

Do you want to have the chicken or the beef? I think I WILL HAVE the beef. (to have)

21.

My head hurts. Sit down and I WILL GET you an aspirin. (to get)

22.

Why are you wearing your best suit? I AM GOING TO HAVE lunch with my biggest customer. (to have)


23.

We need some more ink for the printer. I WILL GO to the shop and get some. (to go)

24.

Look! There's smoke coming out of the photocopier. You turn it off and I WILL PHONE the safety officer. (to phone)

25.

I cannot see how to use this spreadsheet. Don't worry. I WILL HELP you. (to help)

26.

What are your plans for the holidays? I AM GOING TO VISIT my parents for a few days and then go walking in Scotland. (visit)

27.

Did you phone Michael? I'm sorry. I completely forgot. I WILL DO it now. (to do)

28.

Can you help me with this? I don't understand. I WILL GIVE you a hand as soon as I've finished this. (to give)

29.That's much too heavy for one person. I WILL GIVE you a hand. (to give) 30.It's really hot in here. I WILL PUT on the air-conditioning. (to put)

2) Use the verbs in brackets in the correct future tenses. Use will, going to, simple present or present continuous. 1. The train LEAVES at 11:45. (to leave) 2. We ARE GOING TO HAVE dinner at a nice restaurant on Saturday. (to have) 3. It WILL SNOW in the mountains tomorrow evening. (to snow) 4. On Sunday at 8 o'clock I AM MEETING my friend. (to meet) 5. They ARE FLYING to London on Friday evening. (to fly) 6. Wait! I WILL DRIVE you to the station. (to drive) 7. The English lesson STARTS at 8:45. (to start) 8. I AM GOING TO SEE my sister in April. (to see) 9. Look at the clouds - it IS GOING TO RAIN in a few minutes. (to rain) 10.Listen! There's someone at the door. I WILL OPEN the door for you. (to open)

3) Complete the sentences with the future continuous, future perfect or future perfect continuous form of the verbs in brackets. 1.

We WILL BE MOVING (move) into our new house soon. I'm so excited.

2. I WILL HAVE BEEN GOING OUT (go out) with John for two years in May.


3. WILL YOU BE USING (you / use) the car at the weekend? 4. This time tomorrow, we'll be celebrating because we WILL HAVE FINISHED (finish) our

exams. 5. Don't phone her now. She WILL BE HAVING (have) dinner. 6. We WON’T BE WORKING (not / work) next week. We'll be on holiday. 7. This time next month I WILL HAVE BEEN DRIVING (drive) for ten years. 8. I'm afraid the books you ordered WON’T HAVE ARRIVED (not / arrive) by Friday.

Future Tenses.pdf

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