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Thermodynamics charles' law lab
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SKU3013 : Chemistry 1
D20152072027
CHARLES LAW Objective :
To study the effect of temperature to gas volume. Introduction :
Charles Law involve the gas expands when heated while weight and pressure are constant. As the temperature increases, the particle energy will be increased as a result of the increasing of particle movement. Volume =constant Temperature ( ¿ Kelvin, K )
If V and V! is the different volume for the same gas when the weight is constant at temperature T and T!, so " V 1 T 1
V 2 =
T 2
Apparatus :
#rlenmeyer flas$ e%uipped with rubber stopper, bea$er, thermometer, retort stand, hot plate Method :
. !. &. '.
The apparatus apparatus was set set up as shown shown in the figure figure below below.. #mpty #rlenm #rlenmeyer eyer flas$ flas$ that e%uipped e%uipped with rubber stopper stopper is weighed. weighed. #rlenmeyer #rlenmeyer flas$ flas$ is is placed placed in a bea$er that containing containing water water.. (ater (a ter in the bea$er bea$er is boiled so the air in the flas$ has the simil similar ar temperat temperature ure with with water boiling point )
100 ℃
*.
+. The box is is filled filled with with water while the air in flas$ flas$ still still hot. hot. . The hole at the top top of the rubber rubber stopper stopper is covered covered with finger finger tightly tightly after after the water water reached reached the boiling point and the flas$ is removed. -. The flas$ flas$ is plunged plunged pointi pointing ng down in in the box that that filled filled with with water. water. . The finger finger pressure pressure is release released d with the flas$ flas$ under under water with with that that position. position. /. The flas$ flas$ is submerge submerged d for a while while and the water water outside outside is suc$ed suc$ed into into the flas$. flas$.
1
SKU3013 : Chemistry 1
D20152072027
0. (hen the water levels inside and outside the flas$ is matched, the hole at the stopper is close with finger pressure tightly. . The flas$ is removed from the box and is flipped upright. !. The flas$ that e%uipped with rubber stopper and suc$ed water is weighed. &. The flas$ )e%uipped rubber stopper 1 suc$ed water* then is filled with water until full and then weighed again.
Data :
)a* (eight of e%uipped flas$ )b* (eight of e%uipped flas$ 1 suc$ed water )c* (eight of e%uipped flas$ 1 full water
2 2 2
!&.' g +&.&''& g &0./!! g
Calculations :
)i* (eight of water in full flas$ )c 3 a*
2
&0./!! 4 !&.' 2 &.!+-! g 2
SKU3013 : Chemistry 1
D20152072027
)ii* (eight of suc$ed water )b 3 a* )iii*
Volume of suc$ed water )ii 5 water density*
)iv*Volume of air at
100 ℃
)v* Volume of air in room temperature
2 2 2 2
+&.&''& 4 !&.' !/.-/+ g !/.-/+ g 6 .00 g7mL !/.-/+ mL
2
Volume of full water in flas$
2 )i* 6 water density 2 &.!+-! 6 .00 g7mL 2 &.!+-! mL )iv* 4 )iii* 2 &.!+-! 4 !/.-/+ 2 +&.+--- mL
2
uestion and Ans!er "#A$ :
!. 8sing Charles Law and the amount of gas volume at
100 ℃
determine the volume theory at the water temperature in sin$.
3
from your experiment,
SKU3013 : Chemistry 1
T 2 00
℃
D20152072027
T! 2 !' ℃ 1 !-&.+
1 !-&.+
2 &-&.+ 9
2 !/-.+ 9
V 2 &.!+-! mL
V 1 T 1
V! 2 :::
V 2 =
T 2
183.2572 mL 373.15 K
V 2=
=
V 2 297.15 K
183.2572 mL 373.15 K
× ( 297.15 K )
V! 2 '+./& mL
Discussions :
The purpose of this lab was to see the relationship of temperature and volume. Charles; Law is a law which explains this correlation. It states that temperature and volume of a gas are 4
SKU3013 : Chemistry 1
D20152072027
proportional to each other, so when the absolute temperature increases, the volume increases. In the lab, water was boiled until it reached 00
V 2 =
T 2
=ew errors may be occurred during this experiment. =irst, some water and pressure was probably lost during the transition from boiling to cool water. Also, the timing was not perfect because no cloc$ was used. As for the steps being ta$en, the attempt to $eep the water level same with the water inside the flas$ was not very hard, but closing the hole at the stopper with finger pressure gave a challenge. The box was a bit too small for a hand to go underneath and close the hole at the stopper, so the flas$ had to be lifted a bit, and the pressure changed slightly.
Conclusion :
=rom this experiment, we can conclude that in Charles Law the temperature and volume of a gas are directly proportional to each other, so when the temperature increases, the volume increases.
Re%erence :
. >rown, T. L. )!0'*. Chemistry : The Central Science )& rd ed.*. ?earson Australia @roup ?ty Ltd. !.