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Design A Simple Low Voltage Audio Amplifier
SUBMITTED
TO
SIR Y ASIR NAEEM Y ASIR AS PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE DEGREE OF B.SC IN ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING B Y ADNAN ABBAS & USMAN ABBAS
3 SEMESTER EMESTER, SECTION “A” RD
SESSION 2009-2013
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING FEDERAL URDU UNIVERSITY ISLAMABAD 1
O Lord! Advance us in Pure Knowledge & Lead us to the Straight Path. (Ameen)
2
Table of Contents SR.NO. SR.N O.
CHAPTERS CHAPT ERS
PAGE NO.
1.
Abstract
2.
Objectives
3.
Introduction
06
4.
Project description
07
04 05
4.1 Required components
07
4.2 IC LM386M-1
07
4.2(a) General description
07
4.2(b) Features
08
4.2(c) Applications
08
4.2(d) Equivalent schematic
09
4.3 Low voltage audio amplifier 4.3(a) circuit
09
4.3(b) PCB layout
10
4.3(c) Description
10
4.4 Pictures of project 5.
09
References
11 12
3
ABSTRACT The main purpose of the present study is to design simple low cost audi audio o ampl amplif ifie ierr us usin ing g IC LM38 LM386. 6. Ther There e are are diff differ eren entt mode models ls of the the LM386 that have slightly different specifications such as LM 386N-1, LM 386N-3, LM 386N-4,
LM 386M-1, LM 386MM-1. In this project we use
IC LM 386 M-1. This amplifier is suited for the low voltage amplification.
4
OBJECTIVES To be intuitative and innovative is the wit of soul and mind of human being. This is what engineering demands from us that we must explore new avenues and dimension dimensions s by tapping tapping our in built built capabilit capabilities. ies. This was the main motivating factor behind submitted project. The core purpose behind this team work was to utilize the different brains in order to create such a pragmatic innovation with the name of “LOW VOLTAGE AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER” using “IC LM 386 M-1”. We have decided to go with the same spirit in the prospective times in order to utilize our technical knowledge in the best possible manner. So that we can prove ourselves to be the most utilitarian members of engineering slot.
5
INTRODUCTION This is a 0.125 milli watt mono amplifier module Kit using the LM386M1 IC. It will operate best from 4-18V DC and will work well from a battery since the quiescent current drain is only 4 mA. It requires no heat heat sink sink for for norm normal al us use. e. The The inpu inputt and and outp output ut are are both both grou ground nd referenced. Maximum output will be obtained with a 18V power supply and 8 ohm speaker. We also added LED parallel to the speaker, which blinks with the bass of the music.
6
PROJECT DESCRIPTION Required Components: •
1μF non-electrolytic non-electrolytic capacitor
1
•
1nF non-electrolytic capacitor
1
•
100μF electrolytic capacitor
1
•
10μF electrolytic capacitor
•
47nF non-electrolytic capacitor
1
•
10 ohm resistor (brown, black, black)
1
•
10k ohm potentiometer
1
•
IC: LM386M-1 Integrated Circuit
1
•
LED: Red LED
5
•
LED: Orange LED
3
5
•
9V dc-batteries
2
•
Printed Circuit Board
1
•
Mono audio pin
1
IC LM 386 M-1:
General Description: The The LM38 LM386 6 is a powe powerr ampl amplif ifie ierr desi design gned ed for for us use e in low low volt voltag age e consumer applications. The gain is internally set to 20 to keep external part count low, but the addition of an external resistor and capacitor between pins 1 and 8 will increase the gain to any value from 20 to 200. The inputs are ground referenced while the output automatically biases to one-half the supply voltage. The quiescent power drain is 7
only 24 mill watts when operating from a 6 volt supply, making the LM386 ideal for battery operation.
Features: •
Battery operation
•
Minimum external parts
•
Wide supply voltage range: 4V–12V or 5V–18V
•
Low quiescent current drain: 4mA
•
Voltage gains from 20 to 200
•
Ground referenced input
•
Self-centering output quiescent voltage
•
Low distortion: 0.2% (AV = 20, VS = 6V, RL = 8Ω, PO = 125mW, f = 1kHz)
•
Available in 8 pin MSOP package
Applications: •
AM-FM radio amplifiers
•
Portable tape player amplifiers
•
Intercoms
•
TV sound systems
•
Line drivers
•
Ultrasonic drivers
•
Small servo drivers
•
Power converters
8
Equivalent Schematic and Connection Diagrams:
Fig 1 equivalent schematic and connection diagrams of LM 386M-1
LOW
VOLTAGE AUDIO AMPLIFIER:
Circuit:
Fig 2 Circuit of audio amplifier
PCB Layout: 9
Fig 3 PCB layout of audio amplifier circuit
Description: There are only a few external components, the IC contains most of the necessary circuitry. •
1μF capacitor is the input coupling capacitor, which blocks any DC that might be present on the input.
•
10μF capacitor between 1 and 8 pin of the IC, maintains DC bias levels in the gain adjustment circuit (feed back bypass).
•
10μF 10μF capaci capacitor tor parall parallel el to the batter battery, y, provid provides es power power supply supply decoupling.
decoup upli ling ng A deco
to decouple one
part
of
capa capaci cito tor r is
an electr electrica icall
a capacitor used
networ network k (cir (circu cuit it))
from from
anot anothe her. r. Nois Noise e caus caused ed by othe otherr circ circui uitt elem elemen ents ts is sh shun unte ted d through the capacitor, reducing the effect they have on the rest of the circuit. •
100μ 10 0μF F capa capaci cito torr befo before re the the sp spea eake kerr is the the outp output ut coup coupli ling ng capacitor.
•
47nf capacitor 10Ω resistor act as a zobel network providing a high high freque frequenc ncy y load load to mainta maintain in stabil stability ity where where loud loud speake speakerr inductive reactance may become excessive.
