CSCU Module 11 Security on Social Networking Sites.pdf

Security on Social Networking Sites Module 11

Simplifying Security.

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Copyright © by EC-Council All Rights Reserved. Reproduction is Strictly Prohibited.

May 12, 2011

Cyber Scams Rife at Social Networks: Microsoft SAN FRANCISCO — Social networks are "lucrative hot beds" for cyber scams as crooks endeavor to dupe members of online communities, according to a Microsoft security report released on Thursday. "Phishing" attacks that use seemingly legitimate messages to trick people into clicking on booby‐trapped links, buying bogus software, or revealing information rocketed 1,200 percent at social networks last year, it said. "We continue to see cyber criminals evolve attack methods such as a significant rise in social network phishing," Microsoft malware protection center manager Vinny Gullotto said in the Security Intelligence Report. Phishing using social networking as a "lure" represented 84.5 percent of all such trickery in December as compared with 8.3 percent at the start of 2010, according to the report. Microsoft analyzed data gathered from more than 600 million computer systems worldwide from July through December of last year for the semi‐annual study. "The popularity of social networking sites has created new opportunities for cyber criminals to not only directly impact users, but also friends, colleagues and family through impersonation," the report said. http://www.physorg.com

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Scenario: Identity Theft over Social Networking Sites Alice wanted to show her friends how fun her trip to Bahamas was. She uploaded her photos of the trip in one of the social networking sites. She was shocked when one of her friends showed her a website that contained her photos in compromised positions. She realized that the photos from her Bahamas trip were morphed.

What options has she left unchecked while uploading the photos?

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Module Objectives Facebook: Security Tips

Social Networking Sites

Staying Safe on MySpace

What is a Profile?

Security Measures

Top Social Networking Sites

Social Networking Security Checklist

Security Risks Involved in Social Networking Sites

Social Networking Security Checklist for Parents and Teachers

Staying Safe on Facebook

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Module Flow

Introduction to Social Networking Sites

Social Networking Security Threats



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Social Networking Sites Social networking sites are web‐based services that allow users to build on‐line profiles, share information, pictures, blog entries, music clips, etc. These sites allow users to create a list of other users with whom they can share information It allows user to get themselves involved in discussion boards and hobby groups It allow users to refer other potential users to businesses

MySpace (http://www.myspace.com)

Facebook (http://www.facebook.com) 6


What is a Profile? 

Profile is a collection of information that defines or describes a user’s interests



The main profile page of a user of any social networking site introduces and describes the user



The information that a user may post on his/her profile includes:

Facebook Profile

 Names/nicknames  Email addresses  Phone numbers  Photos, videos  Personal interests  Names of schools, sports teams, and friends

http://www.sophos.com

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Top Social Networking Sites http://www.facebook.com

http://www.tagged.com

http://www.bebo.com

http://twitter.com

http://www.classmates.com

http://www.mylife.com

http://www.myspace.com

http://hi5.com

http://www.friendster.com

http://www.linkedin.com

http://www.myyearbook.com

http://www.myheritage.com

http://www.ning.com

http://www.meetup.com

http://multiply.com

http://www.ebizmba.com

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Module Flow





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Security Risks Involved in Social Networking Sites Cyberbullying

Malware Attacks

Contact Inappropriate Adults and Businesses

Identity Theft

Site Flaws

Overexposure

Phishing Scams

Objectionable Content

Contact with Predators

Attacks on a Social Networking Sites

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Cyberbullying Cyberbullying refers to the abuse of technology to harass or threaten the Internet users The information posted on social networking sites such as pictures, videos, comments, updates can be used to spread false rumors, threaten to reveal the information on the Internet, harass/blackmail the user, stalking the user, etc. According to a research by the Pew Internet Project, 39% of social network users had been cyber‐bullied in some way, compared to 22% of online teens who do not use social networks

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Identity Theft People often get carried away with posting information onto social networking sites Left in the hands of cyber criminals, such information can be used to hack into an online services security questions, leading to identity theft Attacker can also use the information to penetrate into the corporate network of a company of his/her target Alternatively, the attacker may find the user’s name, browse through his/her social profile He can then write an e‐mail based on the user’s interests bearing a malicious link or document

Attacker

User Malicious email

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Phishing Scams Social networking sites contains user’s information like the email addresses, archived messages This information can be used to customize email messages or fake websites designed such that the victims disclose usernames, passwords, credit card numbers, etc.

If a user clicks on the Update button, he/she is redirected to a Facebook look‐alike phishing site Users are then asked to enter a password to complete the Update procedure

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Malware Attacks  Malware attacks are carried out through social engineering as users are mostly misled into clicking on malicious links embedded within personal messages  Malicious software give attackers access to your profile and personal information  Malicious software may also send messages automatically to your "friends" list, instructing them to download the new application too

Another method of attack involves applications advertised on social networking sites, which appear genuine However, some of these applications install malicious code or rogue antivirus software

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Site Flaws There have been instances when site flaws in the social networking sites allow the information of the users to be accessed, even though the privacy settings are set Such information can include mother’s maiden name, often used as a security question in online and real‐life security checks

Server‐side flaws

Social Networking Sites Flaws

Cross‐site request forgery

Cross‐site scripting

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Social Networking Threats to Minors Objectionable Content On many social networking communities, users post material that is not appropriate for children This can include obscene, racist or violent text and images

Overexposure Many community pages may contain material that is not appropriate for the children The child may be involved in posting pictures of himself or herself or of friends that may be misused

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Contact with Predators Individuals with intention to exploit minors may create community pages pretending to be teens themselves


Module Flow





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Facebook Privacy Settings Facebook allows the users to set the privacy settings for: 

Search



Friend requests



Messages



Friend List



Education and Work



Current city and Hometown



Likes, activities and other connections

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Facebook Privacy Settings

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Profile Settings Set the profile settings as “Only my friends”‐By default, Facebook allows all of your networks and all of your friends to be able to view your profile The users reveal personal information to potential identity thieves if they leave this option to default settings Therefore, it is advised to allow your profile to be viewed by only friends

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Privacy Settings for Applications Privacy settings for applications controls what information shared with websites and apps, including search engines You can view your apps, remove any you don't want to use, or turn off platform completely Everybody on Facebook can read the user notes, but it is advisable to limit visibility of notes to just friends

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Settings to Block Users This settings lets you block people from interacting with you or seeing your information on Facebook You can also specify friends you want to ignore app invites from, and see a list of the specific apps that you've blocked from accessing your information and contacting you

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Recommended Actions for Facebook Search Settings Option

Recommended Action

Reason

Allow anyone to see my public search listing

Be careful

The users should select the option “Yes” only if they want people they are familiar with to know that they are on Facebook

Allow my public search listing to be indexed by external search engines

“No”

If enabled, it allows people using external search engines like Google, Yahoo and MSN to find the user on Facebook

See your picture

Be careful

Send you a message

“No”

If the users respond to a message sent by someone that they are not friends with, the unknown users will be able to view the user’s profile

Poke you

“No”

By responding to the poke from an unknown user, the users will be allowing him/her to view their profile information for a period of time

Add you as a friend

Be careful

View your friend list

“No”

Do not share pictures that may embarrass or that are personal

Be cautious before accepting anyone's friend request The user should not allow people who are not yet their friends to view their friend list

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Facebook: Security Tips Facebook: Security Tips 1. Adjust Facebook privacy settings to help protect identity

2. Think carefully about who is allowed to become a friend

3. Show "limited friends" a cut‐down version of the profile  Facebook allows its users to make people 'limited friends' who only have partial access to the user profile  This is useful if the users have connections who they do not feel comfortable sharing personal information with

4. Enable access to information only when necessary

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Module Flow





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Step 1: Go to “Account Settings” Go to Account Settings  Privacy Do not check Online Now if you do not wish others to know when you log in Check Show my birthday to my friends only if necessary Do not check following options under applications:  Do not allow my profile information to be accessed by games and third party services I haven’t connected to option  Do not allow communications from games and third party services I haven’t connected to

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Step 2: Check Settings for “Comments” and “Mail” Go to Account Settings  Comments and check Only Friends can add comments to my blog Go to Account Settings  Mail and check only people I know to receive emails from people you know

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Step 3: Check Settings for “Friends Request” and “IM” Go to Account Settings  Friends Request Check Require CAPTCHA [?] from users suspected of spamming and also check other options according to your choice

Go to Account Settings  IM Check Only My IM friends to appear only friends in the IM list

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Step 4: Check Settings for Stream Settings Go to Account Settings  My published activities and check the proper option according to your choice Go to Account Settings  My Friends' Activities and check the proper option according to your choice

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Step 5: Settings for Block Users By Age Do not check Allow users under 18 to contact me Checking this option would allow all the fake users who pretend to be Under 18 access to the account

To deny any unauthorized access to the profile: 

Block the user by adding their profile URL to the Blocked users list

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Module Summary  Social networking sites allow users to build online profiles, share information, pictures, blog entries, music clips, etc.  The main profile page of a user of a social networking site introduces and describes the user  Cyberbullying is the process of using technology to harass or bully someone  Social networking sites contain the user’s information like email addresses, archived messages that can be used to customize email messages, or fake websites  Malware attacks are carried out through social engineering as users are mostly misled into clicking malicious links embedded within personal messages  Set appropriate privacy and security defaults and choose a complex/unique password for the account

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Social Networking Security Checklist Choose a complex/unique password for the account Read the privacy policy and terms of service carefully Do not post anything personal on the social networking site Set appropriate privacy and security defaults to make your profile private

Be careful about what is posted on the Internet Be careful installing third‐party applications Only accept friend requests from people you know Only share limited personal information

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Social Networking Security Checklist Apply privacy settings so that only friends can view your profile information Do not use common verification such as your date of birth or your mother's maiden name Be aware of the intentions of anyone you meet on these sites Restrict the access of personal videos on social networking sites to friends

Disable the comments to prevent cyber bullying Do not click suspicious links to prevent malicious attacks Update the computer with the latest antivirus and other system security software Never install codecs when a site prompts you to do so

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Social Networking Security Checklist for Parents and Teachers Be open with kids; encourage and instruct them to seek permission before providing any details on social networking sites Read the privacy policies of the sites before allowing children to use them

Consider keeping the computer in a family room rather than the child’s bedroom Instruct children to never respond to messages that are suggestive, obscene, belligerent, threatening, or make them feel uncomfortable Create your own account on the social network and spend some time on the network's site to familiarize with social networking media Create a cheat sheet with your child's password, a list of his/her approved friends, and rules for how your child operates Know children's passwords, screen names, and account information; this will help in monitoring their activities Instruct your child to add people to their "friends" list only if they know them in real life

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CSCU Module 11 Security on Social Networking Sites.pdf

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