9/15/2016
Base tr ansceiver station - W i ki pedi a, the fr ee encycl opedi a
Base transceiver station From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A base transceiver station (BTS) is a piece of equipment that facilitates wireless communication between user equipment (UE) and a network. UEs are devices like mobile phones (handsets), WLL phones, computers with wireless Internet connectivity. The network can be that of any of the of the wireless communicatio communication n technologies like GSM, CDMA, wireless wireless local loop, Wi-Fi, Wi-Fi, WiMAX or or other wide area network (WAN) technology. technology. BTS is also also referred to as the the radio base station (RBS), station (RBS), node B (in 3G Networks) or, simply, simply, the base station (BS). station (BS). For discussion of the the LTE standard the abbreviation eNB for eNB for evolved node B is widely used. used. Though the term BTS can be applicable to any of the wireless communication standards, it is generally associated with mobile communication communication technologies technologies like GSM and CDMA. In this regar d, d, a BTS forms forms part of the base station subsystem (BSS) developments deve lopments for system system management. It may also have equipment for encrypting and decrypting decrypting communications, spectrum filtering tools (band pass filters), etc. antennas etc. antennas may also be considered as components of BTS BTS in general sense as as they facilitate the functioning of BTS. Typically a BTS will have several transceivers (TRXs) which allow it to serve several different frequencies and different sectors of the cell (in the case of sectorised base stations). sta tions). A BTS is controlled by a parent base station station contr oller oller via the base station base station control function (BCF). (BCF). The BCF is is implemented as a discrete unit unit or even incorporated in a TRX in com pact base base stations. stations. The BCF provides provides an oper ations ations and maintenance (O&M) connection to the network management system (NMS), and manages operational states of each each TRX, as well as software handlin hand ling g and alarm collection. The basic structure structure and functions of the BTS remains the same regardless regardless of th of thee wireless technologies.
An actual BTS device
Contents ontents 1 2 3 4 5 6
General architecture architecture Terms regarding a mobile BTS See also also Further reading reading External External links Refere References nces
General architecture A BTS is usually composed of:
A typical BTS tower which holds the antenna. The tower is quite widely misinterpreted as the BTS itself. The shelter which houses the actual BTS can also be seen.
Transceiver (TRX) https://en.wi ki pedia.or g/wi ki/Base_tr anscei ver _stati on
1/3
9/15/2016
Base transceiver station - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Quite widely referred to as the driver receiver (DRX), DRX are either in form of single (sTRU), double(dTRU) or a composite double radio unit (DRU). It basically does transmission and reception of signals. It also does sending and reception of signals to and from higher network entities (like the base station controller in mobile telephony). Power amplifier (PA) Amplifies the signal from DRX for transmission through antenna; may be integrated with DRX. Combiner Combines feeds from several DRXs so that they could be sent out through a single antenna. Allows for a reduction in the number of antenna used. Multiplexer For separating sending and receiving signals to/from antenna. Does sending and receiving signals through the same antenna ports (cables to antenna). Antenna This is the structure that the BTS lies underneath; it can be installed as it is or disguised in some way (Concealed cell sites). Alarm extension system Collects working status alarms of various units in the BTS and extends them to operations and maintenance (O&M) monitoring stations. Control function Controls and manages the various units of BTS, including any software. On-the-spot configurations, status changes, software upgrades, etc. are done through the control function. Baseband receiver unit (BBxx) Frequency hopping, signal DSP.
A mobile BTS
Terms regarding a mobile BTS Diversity techniques To improve the quality of the received signal, often two receiving antennas are used, placed at a distance equal to an odd multiple of a A BTS mounted on a building quarter of the corresponding wavelength. For 900 MHz, this wavelength is 30 cm. This technique, known as antenna diversity or space diversity, avoids interruption caused by path fading. The antennas can be spaced horizontally or vertically. Horizontal spacing requires more complex installation, but brings better performance.
Other than antenna or space diversity, there are other diversity techniques such as frequency/time diversity, antenna pattern diversity, and polarization diversity. Splitting refers to the flow of power within a particular area of the cell, known as a sector. Every field can therefore be considered like one new cell. Directional antennas reduce LoRa (Long Range) interference. If not sectorised, the cell will be served by an omnidirectional antenna, which radiates in all directions. A typical structure is the trisector, also known as clover, in which there are three sectors served by separate antennas. Each sector has a separate direction of tracking,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_transceiver_station
2/3
9/15/2016
Base transceiver station - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
typically of 120° with respect to the adjacent ones. Other orientations may be used to suit the local conditions. Bisectored cells are also implemented. These are most often oriented with the antennas serving sectors of 180° separation to one another, but again, local variations do exist.
See also OpenBTS Cell ID Cell site Cell on wheels Mobile cell sites OpenCellID
Further reading Satoshi Maruyama; Katsuhiko Tanahashi; Takehiko Higuchi (2002). Base Transceiver Station for W-CDMA System (PDF). FUJITSU Sci. Tech. J. p. 7.
Electronic equipment box at the base of cellphone tower at Chinawal village, India
External links U.S. Patent 6,577,878 (https://www.google.com/patents/US6577878)
References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mobile phone base stations.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Base_transceiver_station&oldid=737053035" Categories: Wireless networking
This page was last modified on 31 August 2016, at 13:27. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_transceiver_station
3/3
