Artificial Vegetative Propagation

ARTIFICIAL VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION PROPAGATION

: In layering a shoot of a parent plant is bent until it can be covered by soil. The tip of the shoot remains above ground. New roots and eventually a new plant will grow. These plants can be seperated. In mound layering the stem is pruned and the base of the plant is covered with soil. From the base, new shoots develop, which are separated from the parent plant, ad grown into a new plant. Many types of apples and gooseberries go oseberries are grown using this method.  Air layering is another type of layering in which branches of the plants cannot be bent to the ground. A piece of the branch is scraped (girdled) in this method and polythene or plastic sheet is used as cover to preserve moisture. Roots arise from  the scraped part after a few few weeks. This branch is then detached from the parent plant which grows into a new plant after plantation.  Layering differs from cutting cutting in that the developments developments of adventitious buds buds are induced before the stem is cut to form the new plant.

In rose, sugar-cane, Coleus,  Bougainvillea, etc., this method method is used  to produce new plants. In this process stem cuttings with some nodes and internodes are placed in moist soil which  gives rise to adventitious roots and and a new plant subsequently. It is a very common method of vegetative propagation. Farmers divide up the rhizomes, tubers or roots stocks at the end of flowering or growing season. Each part grows into a separate plant in the following year. Root cuttings propagate some plants like dahlia.

3. GRAFTING In horticultural practices this method is commonly used. In this method the

cutting of a plant (scion) is attached to the stem of another rooted plant (stock). After some time the attached cutting becomes an integrated part of   the rooted plant. The scion and stock stock are placed in such a way that no gap gap remains between them. Finally they become joined in such a way that their  vascular systems are united. Usually Usually the scion is of a plant having having desirable characters like large sized fruits and the stock has good absorbing capacity.  Because of the arrangement of their their vascular bundles, grafting grafting experiments are successful only in dicots and not in monocots. This method is commonly applied to improve the variety of fruits like mango. Wax is used to cover the place where grafting is being done. This is to avoid infection.

: this is the growth of a new plant in a cultured medium containing  all the substances necessary for growth. This is done in a sterile medium and often in a laboratory. A cell tissue or organ may be used in propagation and is very advantageous in producing healthy clones. Small part of this tissue is put in another medium, which induces the formation of plantlets. The plantlets can be  transplanted in soil or pots foe developing developing to maturity. This technique technique is also called micro propagation. This method is used in propagating plants like  Asparagus, orchids, Chrysanthemum. This method method allows us to grow whole plant from cells taken from various parts of the plant body.