ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION Purpose : to persuade by presenting arguments to analyze or explain ‘how’ and ‘why’ Text Organization : A thesis Arguments Reiteration or Conclusion Language Features : Emotive words (e.g. worried, alarmed etc) Words that qualify statements (e.g. usual, Probably etc) Words that link arguments (e.g. firstly, However, therefore etc)
An analytical exposition is a type of spoken or written text that is intended to persuade the listeners or readers that something is the case. To make the persuasion stronger, the speaker or writer gives some arguments as the fundamental reasons why something is the case. This type of text can be found in scientific books, journals, maga magazi zine nes, s, newsp newspap aper er arti articl cles es,, acade academi micc spee speech ch or lect lectur ures es,, rese resear arch ch repor reportt etc. etc. Analytical expositions are popular among science, academic community and educated people. The generic structure of analytical exposition usually has three components: (1) Thesis, (2) Arguments and (3) Reiteration or conclusion. A.Generic Structure of Analytical Exposition 1. Thesis : Introduces the topic and shows speaker or writer’s position; Outlines of the arguments are presented. 2. Arguments : It consists about Point and Elaboration Point , states the main argument Elaboration , develops and supports each point of argument 3. Conclusion : Reiteration (restatement), restates speaker or writer’s position B. Generic Features of Analytical Exposition
1. An analytical analytical exposit exposition ion focuses focuses on generic generic human human and non human human participant participants. s. 2. It uses uses mental mental processe processes. s. It is used to state state what the writer writer or speaker speaker think thinkss or feels about something. For example: realize, feel etc. 3. It uses uses emotiv emotivee and evaluat evaluative ive word wordss 4. It often often needs materi material al process processes. es. It is used to state state what happens, happens, e.g. ….has ….has polluted… etc. 5. It usually usually uses Simple Simple Presen Presentt Tense and and Present Present Perfect Perfect Tense. 6. Enumeration Enumeration is someti sometimes mes necessary necessary to show show the list list of given argument arguments: s: Firstly Firstly,, secondly …, Finally, etc.
Analytical Exposition Social Function (Tujuan / Fungsi Sosial)
To persuade the reader or listener that something is the case. (Untuk meyakinkan dan mempengaruhi pembaca atau pendengar bahwa ada masalah yang perlu mendapat perhatian) Generic Structure (Struktur) a. Thesis Position: Introduces topics and indicates writer’s position. (Memberitahukan topic dan menunjukkan pendapat penulis). b. Arguments Points : Menjelaskan argument dan elaborasi (dijelaskan secara mendetail c. Reiteration : Restates writer position : Menjelaskan kembali posisi penulis atau penguatan kembali posisi penulis
Significant Lexicogrammatical Features (Ciri – ciri yang menonjol)
General nouns, misalnya car, pollution, leaded petrol car, dsb.· Abstract nouns, misalnya policy, government, dsb.· Technical verbs, misalnya species of animals, dsb.· Relating verbs, misalnya It is important, dsb.· Action verbs, misalnya She must save, d sb.· Thinking verbs, misalnya Many people believe, dsb· Modal verbs, misalnya we must preserve, dsb. · Modal adverbs, misalnya certainly, we, dsb. · Connectives, misalnya firstly, secondly,dsb. · Bahasa evaluatif, misalnya important, valuable, trustworthy, dsb. * Kalimat pasif
Read the following text of Analytical Ana lytical Exposition! The Importance of English Thesis { I personally think that English is the world’s most important language. Why do I say that?
Argument 1 { Firstly, English is an international language. It is spoken by many peo ple all around the world, either as a first or second language.
Argument 2 { Secondly, English is also the key which op ens doors to scientific and technical knowledge, which is needed for the economic and political development of many countries in the world. Argument 3 { Thirdly, English is a top requirement of those seeking jobs. Applicants who master either active or passive English Eng lish are more favorable than those who do not. Conclusion { From the fact above, it is obvious that everybody needs to learn English to greet the global era.
Notes: 1. Enumerations Enumerations such such as Firstly Firstly,, secondly, secondly, thirdly thirdly etc etc are sometimes sometimes given given to show show the list of given arguments 2. Present Present Tense: Tense: I think, think, English English is internat international ional language, language, Everybod Everybody y needs to learn English etc.
Genres : Report
Social Function (Tujuan / Fungsi Sosial)
To describe the way things are with reference to a range of natural, man – made and social phenomenon in our environment. (Menyampaikan informasi tentang sesuatu, apa adanya, sebagai hasil pengamatan. Yang dideskripsikan dapat meliputi gajala alam, lingkungan, benda buatan manusia, atau gejala-gejala sosial) Generic Structure (Struktur)
1. General Classification : tells what the phenomenon under und er discussion is ( Pernyataan secara umum yang menjelaskan tentang objek yang dideskripsikan. Keterangan, dan klasifikasinya). 2. Description : tells what phenomenon under discussion is like in terms of parts, qualities, habits, or behaviors (if living) or uses (if non-natural) (Memberikan penjelasan tentang hal yang dideskripsikan. kalau hal yang dideskripsikan merupakan benda hidup maka bisa dideskripsikan bgian – bagiannya, kualitasnya, kebiasaanya, atau perilakunya. Kalau benda mati maka yang dideskripsikan adalah kegunannya) Significant Lexicogrammatical Features (Ciri – ciri yang menonjol) a. Focus on generic participants : Fokus pada hal secara umum. b. Use of Present Tense (Unless extinct) (Pengunaan Present Tense kecuali kalau benda itu sudah punah
