TECNOLÓGICO NACIONAL NACIONAL DE MÉXICO INSTITUTO TECNOLÓGICO CAMPUS ORIZABA SÍNTESIS Y OPTIMIZACIÓN DE PROCESOS MODELO DE COMPETENCIAS PROYECTO ACETA ACETALDEHÍDO UNIDAD 3. EVALUACIÓN ECONÓMICA DE PROYECTOS ALUMNOS CALDERÓN GONZALES ALMA LETICIA CORONA LANDETA LAN DETA MANUEL ORTEGA VILLAGRÁN OSCAR REYES VASQUEZ CHRISTIAN DANIEL ROJAS MARTÍNEZ LAURA EDITH PROFESORA M.C MARÍA DEL ROSARIO PACHECO SÁNCHEZ AGOSTO – DICIEMBRE 2015
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Índice INTRODUCCIÓN..........................................................................................................3 1. ACETALDEHIDO......................................................................................................4 1.1 Caracterización y aplicaciones................................ aplicaciones.................................................... ........................................ ................................ ............ 4 1.2 Propiedades Físicas...................................... Físicas.......................................................... ......................................................... ........................................... ...... 4 1.3 Propiedades Propiedades Químicas.......................................... Químicas.............................................................. ................................................ ................................... ....... 5 1.4 Aplicaciones del acetaldehído................................. acetaldehído.................................................... ........................................ ................................. ............ 1.5 Productos deri!ados del acetaldehído.......................... acetaldehído............................................. ............................................... ............................ "
2. ANALISIS Y SINTESIS DE REACCION ........................................................................# 2.1 $íntesis de rutas de reacción.......................... reacción.............................................. ........................................ .........................................# .....................# 2.2 %&todo $ol!ay a partir de '(idación de etileno............................... etileno.................................................. ......................... ......12 12
3. PLANTA DE PROCESO ...........................................................................................13 4. )*A+,A%A )- /'Q0-$ P,'C-$' )- '-C* )- AC-A/)-)' A PA,*, )- -*/-'.............................................................................................................14 . INTERCAM!IOS DE CALOR ....................................................................................1 ". EVALUACION ECONOMICA ....................................................................................23 !I!LIOGRA#ÍA..........................................................................................................25
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INTRODUCCIÓ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1. ACETALDEHÍDO 1.1 Caracterización y aplicaciones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1.2 Propiedades Físicas E$ %&'(%$)'*+), ' /0 $+=/), 0&,$,,- <,$6($ =/' ('0' /0 ,$, ,@,&%0('- 4'0'(%0(' =/' ' %$5, %@/(%), : %5%)%9$' '0 &,0&'0(%&,0' )$/)%. L, 4/0(, )' &,05'$%&0 )' $% ,$/&,0' %&/,% )' %&'(%$)'*+), ,0 $, 5/'0('K - '0 4',- 82-C 13- '0 4',- 8-C : 31- '0 4',- 8 23- C.
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T%9$% 1. P,4')%)' #+&% )'$ A&'(%$)'*+),
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Á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
1.4 Aplicaciones del acetaldehído E$ %&'(%$)'*+), ' /0 4,(%0(' 4,)/&(, 0(''), '0 $% 0)/(% =/+&%. E$ 6&), %&7(&,'$ %0*+)), %&7(&,- '$ 089/(%0,$ : '$ 28'($*';%0,$ ,0 $, 40&4%$' 4,)/&(, )' 0('7 0)/(%$ 0)/(%$ )'<%), )'$ %&'(%$)'*+), %&'(%$)'*+),.. C%0()%)' C%0()%)' '0,' )' %&'(%$)'*+), %&'(%$)'*+), ' &,0/'0 &,0/'0 '0 $% ,9('0& ,9('0&0 0 )' ,(, ,(, &,4/' &,4/'(, (, &,, &,, '$ 4'0(%' 4'0(%'( (( (,$,$- ('( ('($4 $4,4 ,4%0,%0,- 4) 4)0%0%- 6&), 6&), 4'%&7(&,- &,(,0%$)'*),- &$,%$- 6&), $6&(&, : '$ 1-389/($'0,.
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1. Productos deri!ados del acetaldehído E$ %&'(%$)'*+), ' /0 4,(%0(' 4,)/&(, 0(''), 4%% $% ,9('0&0 )' 0/',, 4,)/&(, ,560&, 96&,. E0(' '$$, ' '0&/'0(% '$ 6&), %&7(& %&7(&,,- %0*+) %0*+)), ), %&7(& %&7(&,,- &'('0 &'('0%8) %8)&' &'('0 ('0%%- %&'(%( %&'(%(, , )' '($,'($,- %$)'*+ %$)'*+), ), &,(0&,- 089/(%0,$- 28 '($*';%0,$- 4'0(%'((%- &$,%$- 4)0% : /&*, 6.
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2. ANÁLISIS ANÁLISIS Y SÍNTESIS DE REACCIÓN L% '&,0,+% )' $, )<', 4,&', 4%% $% @%9&%&0 )' %&'(%$)'*+), ' @/'(''0(' )'4'0)'0(' )'$ 4'&, )' $% %('% 4% /($?%)%. D')' 1"- $% ,;)%&0 '0 @%' $+=/)% )' '($'0, *% ), '$ 4,&', )' '$'&&0. S0 '9%5,- (,)%<+% *%: 4,)/&&0 &,'&%$ 4, $% ,;)%&0 4%&%$ )' %$&,*,$ '(+$&,- $% )'*),5'0%&0 )' %$&,*,$ '(+$&, : $% *)%(%&0 )' %&'($'0,. E$ %&'(%$)'*+), (%970 ' @,% &,, /0 &,84,)/&(, &,0 %$&,*,$ '(+$&, : 6&), %&7(&,.
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2.1.2 A 4%( )' %$&,*,$ %$& ,*,$ '(+$&,K ' (+$&,K P, ,;)%&0 E$ %&'(%$)'*+), ' 4,)/&' &,'&%$'0(' ')%0(' $% ,;)%&0 &%(%$+(&% )'$ %$&,*,$ '(+$&,. A$ 4%% <%4,' )' %$&,*,$ : '$ %' 4'&%$'0(%), ,9' /0 &%(%$?%), )' 4$%(% '0 C $$'<% % &%9, $% ,;)%&0. CH3CH2OHW12O2WH2O
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Ingeniería Química
3. PLANTA DE PROCESO
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4. )*A+,A%A )*A+,A%A )- /'Q0-$ P,'C-$' )- '-C* )AC-A/)-)' AC- A/)-)' A PA,*, PA,*, )- -*/-'. - */-'. '>+-' '(í;eno pro!eniente de una estación de @raccionamiento de aire.
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,-C*,C0/AC*'-$ ,-C*,C0/AC*'-$ - -/ ,-AC', Puntos d&8iles de este sistema: ecesidad de costoso catalizadores a
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. INTERCAM!IOS DE CALOR RESOLUCIÓN DE PROBLEMAS DE INTEGRACIÓN DE ENERGÍA CON ASPEN-HX-Net
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Ingeniería Química INTEGRACIÓN DE CALOR ENTRE LAS CORRIENTES A../$ d3l !-#" d3 l/3!3 P./63. I-#3.7$6/" 3-#.3 C2 Y F Q MC4BT28T1 B. CB X "
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Ingeniería Química M2 2C
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Ingeniería Química C!$.#" I-#3.7$6/" 3-#.3 RC Y F2 B.1 CBX82 . T %$ #2 3C
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Ingeniería Química C MP= 0.89∗0.04 ∗54750000 =1,949,100.00
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