Perkins 23/25/2800 Series Diesel Engine Training
Perkins Product Training
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Domestics Fire
Exits
Breaks Lunch Toilets Smoking Mobile
Phones
Health
& Safety
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Please Note
The product training information is distributed for informational purposes only. It is not to be construed as creating or becoming part of Perkins Engines contractual or warranty obligations The appropriate service literature, including ‘Service Bulletins’ now available on the www.perkins.com Secured Website, should always be the final authority and source of information Wiring Diagrams/Electrical Drawings, wire numbers and connection points may change.
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Course Objectives At the end of the course the delegates will be able to – •Show technicians strip down techniques and the use of special tools •EST(Electronic Service Tool) and fault diagnosis procedures specific to 23/25/2800
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Worldwide „Off Road‟ Legislation Today
No Legislation Requirements
Environmental Protection Agency / European Union Regional Legislation
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„Off Road‟ Emissions Legislation Tier 0 "A" rated engines can be used in regions without Emissions Legislation.
Tier 1 "B" rated engines are suitable for regions with Tier 1/Stage I Emissions Legislation
Tier 2 "C" rated engines are suitable for regions with Tier 2/Stage II Emissions Legislation.
Tier 3 "D" rated engines are suitable for regions with Tier 3/Stage III Emissions Legislation.
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„Off Road‟ Industrial - Ever Cleaner Engines 0.50 0.45
Tier 3: 56kW<75
0.40
1980’s
0.35 PM (g/kWh)
Tier 3: 75kW<130
0.30
Particulate Matter (PM) 0.6g/kWh
0.25 Tier 3: 130kW<560
0.20 0.15
Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) 10.00g/kWh
Tier 4B: 56kW<560
Tier 4A: 56kW<130
0.10
Tier 4A: 130kW<560
0.05 0 0
1
2
3
4
5
NOx; NOx + HC (g/kWh)
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6
Electronic Engine Benefits Electronic Engine Management system gives:
Improved Specific Fuel Consumption (SFC) through precise control of Injection Timing and Duration. Machine protection under extreme operating conditions. Easy servicing and fault diagnostics, Electronic Service Tool, (EST) Exceeds emissions legislation and has a lower noise level. Better engine ‘responsiveness’. Improved reliability,engine monitoring and protection. Further cost savings through integration into ‘Genset' design (CAN) Improved torque, different torque curves available, torque ‘shaping’ Rating changes available, Base Load, Prime, Standby, 1500/1800 Configuration files, gives the customer flexibility, droop, etc
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2306 and 2806 Engine Numbering „F‟ Engine Family, 14.6 litre
Number of Cylinders
„H‟ Engine Family, 15.8 litre „J‟ Engine Family, 18 litre Country of Manufacture
FGA 06 - 1234 - U - 5678 - K Engine Serial Number Generator Set Engine
Build List
Year of Manufacture 03
A = TAG 1 (Turbo-Air to air charge cooled-Genset) B = TAG 2 (Turbo-Air to air charge cooled-Genset) D = TAG 3 (Turbo-Air to air charge cooled-Genset)
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Engine Ratings - Definitions Base Load or Continuous
Unlimited hours usage, load factor 100% of published base load/continuous power 10% overload available 1 hour in 12 Power available for continuous full load
Prime Power
Unlimited hours usage, load factor 80% of published prime power over 24 hours 10% overload available 1 hour in 12
Standby (maximum)
Power available at variable load in the event of a mains power network failure, up to a maximum of 500 hours/year of which 300 hours may be continuous No overload is permitted and the load factor is 100%
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2300/2800 Series Engines Electronic Control System, Identical
Economic Power Mechanically actuated Electronically controlled Unit Injection.(MEUI) Optimum turbo-charging, excellent fuel atomisation (30,000 PSI) and combustion, very low emissions. Reliable Power Low oil usage and wear rates, high compression ratios ensure clean rapid starting. World Wide Support from 4000 Distributors. Compact, Efficient Power Exceptional power to weight ratio, compact size, excellent service access for ease of maintenance
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2300/2800 - Engine Component Changes Noticeable Physical Differences - Air Filter Size Performance Related Pistons Connecting Rods Liner Ring Pack Crankshaft Turbo Air Cleaner Package Size Related Radiator Charge Cooler Fan and Cowling
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2306/2806 Product Features Combined primary and secondary „Eco‟ Fuel filters
Integral inlet manifold (18 litre horizontal)
Fuel transfer pump
Radial seal air filter element
Unique wiring harness
Timing Calibration Probe access hole
ADEM 3 ECM With Perkins software
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2306/2806 Product Features Single stage high boost turbocharger
16 litre
Composite top cover
Oil cooler
Air to air charge cooler
„Ecoplus‟ full flow oil filtration
Torsional vibration damper Composite oil pan
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2806 -18 litre Product Features Twin turbochargers
Twin exhaust manifolds
External oil feed to the cylinder head
Large output coolant pump
30% larger capacity oil cooler
New oil filler tube Aluminium sump
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Rocker Assemblies Roller Type Rockers
Second oil pressure feed to cylinder head 18 Litre (external) Proprietary Information of Perkins Engines Company Limited 2006 - All Rights Reserved Perkins Confidential ‘Green’
Cylinder Head
Four Valve Mono-Block Cylinder Head Four valves per cylinder
Forged steel overhead camshaft
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Valve Assemblies One of three oil feed drillings
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Valve/Injector Clearance Establishing Number 1 TDC
Turning tool
TDC locator
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Valve/Injector Clearance Valve „screw and locknut‟ adjuster
Injector adjuster Injector trim code
Button and „O‟ ring
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Valve/Injector Clearance Tool CH11149
Checking correct adjustment
Machine shoulder
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Valve/Injector Clearance With Number 1 Cylinder at TDC compression stroke adjust Inlet valves 1,2,4 Exh valves 1,3,5 Injectors 3,5,6 With Number 6 Cylinder at TDC compression stroke adjust Inlet valves 3,5,6 Exh valves 2,4,6 Injectors 1,2,4 Clearances Inlet valves 0.38mm (0.015in) Exh Valves 0.76mm (0.030in) Injectors 78.0mm (3.07in)
Tool N° CH11149
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Injector Sleeve
A stainless steel sleeve is used in the injector bore to seal the coolant The sleeve is sealed using three ‘O’ rings. However, combustion gases are sealed by the injector seating on the metal in the cylinder head bore. The ‘O’ ring seal fitted on the injector nozzle provides a combustion gas seal until a carbon dam is formed.
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Injector Sleeve
A line contact seal is attained
A failed seal results in blow by and a hot injector
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Injector Sleeve
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Camshaft
Long Overlap Camshaft
Injector lobe
Valve lobes
Drive gear dowel location
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Camshaft
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Camshaft
Thrust Plate and Seal
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Head Gasket/Spacer Plate Oil seal Cylinder head gasket Coolant bobbin
Spacer plate Oil feed O ring „Shim‟ gasket
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Exhaust Manifold Air gap Thermal sleeve
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Cylinder Block
Open Summit Cylinder Block
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Cylinder Liners
Induction Hardened Liners
Oil soaked filler band
Rubber O rings (2806)
2306 three lower liner „O‟ ring seals are all identical in size
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Cylinder Liners Protrusion
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Pistons 2306 „Gallery Cooled‟ Articulated Piston Oil cooling spray cutaways
Oil cooling gallery
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Pistons
2806-16 Articulated Piston
Cooling oil reservoir
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Piston/Con-Rod Assembly
Tightening con-rod bolts
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Pistons
2806-18 Piston
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Pistons/Con-Rod Assembly 2806-18 Piston
Big end cap secured by four bolts
Oil supply to small end bearing
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Piston Cooling Jets
Piston cooling jet alignment tool Part Number GE50004
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Piston Cooling Jets 2806-18
Piston Connecting rod Entry to cooling gallery
Piston cooling jet pipe assembly
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Crankshaft Thrust washer position
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Crankshaft 2806-18
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Crankshaft
Grooved main bearing fitted to block
180° thrust washers fitted to block
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Block Stiffener Plates
2300 Series
2800 Series 16 litre Proprietary Information of Perkins Engines Company Limited 2006 - All Rights Reserved Perkins Confidential ‘Green’
Torsional Damper
Hasse and Wrede Damper 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Housing Casing Inertia Ring (mass) Bearings Silicone Fluid
2
Block Stiffener Plate 2800 18 litre
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Timing Gears Coolant pump drive gear position
„Pendulum‟ camshaft gear
Adjustable idler gear
Compound gear assembly
Idler gear Crankshaft gear Fuel transfer pump
Oil pump gear position
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Timing Gears
Pendulum Camshaft Gear
Timing case
Rotating balance weights
Locating dowel
Alignment marks
Timing gear
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Timing Gears
Checking Gear Backlash
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Crankshaft Seals Seal Removal/Fitting
Crankshaft Seals
Gear case-split protection ring
Oil Seal and Wear Sleeve
Wear sleeve ‘crimp’ tool
Must be fitted as assembly Must not be separated Must be fitted dry
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Crankshaft Seals Blue seal (rear)
Green seal (front)
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Induction System 2809-18
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Induction System
Air Filter Type
Single medium duty paper element
Max Air Inlet Temp
60°C (140°F)
Initial Restriction (inlet depression new)
2.5kPa
Maximum Inlet Depression (with dirty filter)
6.2Kpa
Max Pressure Drop (across charge cooler)
14Kpa (2.03 psi)
Maximum Charge Air Temp at high (ambient conditions)
260°C (500°F)
Turbo Charger
2306 Allied Signal GT 50 2806 Borge Warner S 500 2806-18 twin Borge Warner S310
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Induction System Radial Seal Filters
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Induction System Turbochargers
Single stage „high boost‟ turbochargers No oil priming required
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Induction System 2806-18 Turbochargers Rear turbocharger
Exhaust gas outlet
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Forward turbocharger
Induction System
Air Charge Cooling/Radiator
C A O O I L R A N T
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Induction System 2806-18
Air charge Coolant
cooling / radiator Turbo boost air
Boost air
Coolant
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Induction System
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Fuel System EUI Location
Trim code, Below barcode
Put lever here to remove Injector
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Fuel System Injector Seals
O ring seals
„Sacrificial‟ compression „O‟ ring
6 hole injector nozzle
Do not re-use seals
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Fuel System
Low Pressure Fuel System
Priming pump Venting points Fuel return Secondary filter Transfer pump
Fuel supply
Primary filter
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Fuel System
Fuel Cooler/Return
Flow =413 litres/h at 1500 Flow =457 litres/h at 1800 Return flow dependant on engine load – Thermostat.
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Fuel System
Fuel Transfer Pump
Fuel System
Ecoplus Fuel Filtration
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Fuel System
Ecoplus Fuel Filtration Identification
Oil Fuel Secondary
Fuel primary
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Fuel System
Ecoplus Fuel Filtration From transfer pump
Supply to head
Temp sensor
To transfer pump Hand primer By-pass valve
From Tank Return from head Return to cooler
Pressure Relief Valve
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Air vent
Fuel System Non-return/PRV
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Lubrication System
Type
Wet sump - full flow system
Oil pump
Gear driven - with PRV
Capacity - total system
68 litres
Sump maximum
60 litres
Sump minimum
45 litres
Lube oil temp - normal (sump)
95°C
Lube oil temp - maximum
113°C
Lube oil pressure - rated speed
2.7-6 bar (40-88psi)
Lube oil pressure - min rated speed
2 bar (30psi)
Oil pressure relief valve opening pressure 6.1 bar (88psi)
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Lubrication System
Composite „High Capacity‟ Sump
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Lubrication System Oil Pump
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Lubrication System Ecoplus Oil Filtration
Sampling point
O/P switch
Filter by-pass valve
Cooler by-pass valve
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Lubrication System 2806-18
Oil cooler assembly
Re-positioned oil filler tube Re-designed Oil filter head
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Cooling System
Capacity of engine
20.8 Litres
Capacity of complete system
50 Litres
Pressure cap setting
70kPa (0.7 Bar) (10psi)
Thermostat operating range
Starts 88°C. Fully open 98°C
Coolant pump
Gear driven, centrifugal type
Radiator
Aluminium core, composite tanks
Fan
Plastic, 8 blade, pusher type.
Maximum temperature.
Top tank - 103°C
Recommended Coolant.
50% extended life coolant, 50% de-ionised clean water.
Coolant Life
3,000 hours or six years - max
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Cooling System
Air Charge Cooling/Radiator
Composite top and bottom radiator tanks ELC coolant to be used at all times
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Cooling System Thermostat Housing
Thermostat Flow to radiator Thermostat seal By-pass return to coolant pump
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23/25/2800 Series
Temperature and Pressure Sensors Coolant Temp Sensor
Inlet Manifold Air Temp Sensor
Inlet Manifold Air Pressure sensor
Fuel Temp Sensor Location of Calibration Probe (Plugged)
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Engine Oil and Atmospheric Pressure Sensors
23/2800 Series
Connections and Speed/Position Sensors 110 Volt MEUI Solenoid Feeds Cam Speed/ Position Sensor
9 Pin Diagnostic Connector 40 Pin Customer Connection (J3)
Crank Speed/Position Sensor ECM “On Engine” Connector (J2)
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Electronic Control Module
23/25/2800 Series Electrical System Internal Injector Harness
Jack 2 (J2)
Jack 1 (J1)
Crank Speed/Timing 36-1 TOOTH CRANK GEAR
Coolant Temperature Sensor Cam Speed/Timing
Fuel Temperature Sensor
36+1 TOOTH CAM GEAR
Inlet Manifold Sensor Inlet Manifold Sensor
Atmospheric Pressure Sensor
Engine Oil Pressure
Calibration Probe
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23/25/2800 „On Engine‟ Wiring Harness ECM 5 7 6 10 3 11 2 12 1 Injector Cyl 1
Injector Cyl 2
Injector Cyl 3
Injector Cyl 4
Injector Cyl 5
Injector Cyl 6
J2/44 J2/45 J2/46 J2/55 J2/54 J2/39 J2/38 J2/37 J2/36
Injector Common Cylinders 1 & 2 Injector Common Cylinders 3 & 4 Injector Common Cylinders 5 & 6 Injector Cylinder 6 Injector Cylinder 5 Injector Cylinder 4 Injector Cylinder 3 Injector Cylinder 2 Injector Cylinder 1
J2/2 J2/14 J2/3
+5VDC Supply Atmospheric Pressure Analogue Return
J2/40
Turbo Outlet Pressure
J2/24
Oil Pressure
J2/32
Coolant Temperature
J300 P300
Atmospheric Pressure Sensor A C B
+5V Signal Return
P203 J203 Turbo Outlet Pressure Sensor A C B
+5V Signal Return
All fed from Jack 2 (J2) on the ECM
P200 J200 Oil Pressure Sensor +5V Signal Return
A C B P201 J201
Coolant Temperature Sensor Signal Return
C B J100 P100
Fuel Temperature Sensor Signal Return
C B
J2/33
Fuel Temperature
J2/35 J2/18
Inlet Air Temperature Return
J2/48 J2/49
Crank Speed Timing + Crank Speed Timing -
J2/58 J2/59
Cam Speed timing + Cam speed timing -
J2/22 J2/23
Calibration Probe + Calibration Probe -
J105 P105 Inlet Air Temperature Sensor Signal Return
C B
J103 P103 Crankshaft Position Sensor Signal Return
2 1 J401 P401
Camshaft Position Sensor Signal Return
2 1
J402 P402 Calibration Probe Signal Return
1 2 J400 P400
P2 J2
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Connectors – A Reminder:
Always use high quality connectors (Gold/Nickel Plated) Keep connections to a minimum
Make sure all rubber seals are correctly fitted Remember… Bad connections cause resistance! Resistance causes voltage drop! Lack of a rubber seal caused this To happen to an ECM! Proprietary Information of Perkins Engines Company Limited 2006 - All Rights Reserved Perkins Confidential ‘Green’
Effects of „Bad‟ (Resistance) Connections „P‟ Plug
24v dc
„J‟ Jack
Possible „Bad‟ Connections
Has the same effect as….Resistances in circuit 1 volt
24v dc
Don‟t forget all connections!
2 volt
Resistors
0.1 volt
Lamp 24v dc
Don‟t forget all connections!
Lamp
1 volt
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19.9v dc
23/25/2800 Series MEUI Injection
Mechanically actuated by the cam shaft Injection controlled by the 110 Volt Solenoid
The length of time the Solenoid is energized, and the timing of the energization are both controlled by the Electronic Control Module (ECM)
Mechanically Actuated Electronically Controlled Unit Injector Proprietary Information of Perkins Engines Company Limited 2006 - All Rights Reserved Perkins Confidential ‘Green’
110 Volt Solenoid
23/25/2800 Series MEUI Injector 110v dc injector solenoid
“Poppet” Valve Shut when energised
Off
+
110v Supply
Flow „Poppet‟ Valve Principals
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MEUI Injector
„O‟ Rings
Poppet Valve de-energised
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Fuel chamber
Worn MEUI Injector Poppet Valves
„O’ Rings
Wear on seat, caused by dirty fuel. Primary Filter 10 microns, Secondary, 2 microns Proprietary Information of Perkins Engines Company Limited 2006 - All Rights Reserved Perkins Confidential ‘Green’
MEUI Injector Location Injector „trim code‟
Injector trim code
Fuel chamber
Intake Extended life manifold coolant
Torque setting on solenoid Screws 2.5 Nm (22 lb in)
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Electronic Control Module (ECM) Inside the ECM is the management system that controls Speed Governing
Air/Fuel Ratio Start/Stop Sequence Engine Protection Devices Diagnostics 110 Volt Injector Pulses Jack 2 (J2) all “on engine” mounted components
Jack 1 (J1) Customer interface, power supply etc
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Basic System – A3-ECM Interactions Control
Inputs Digital speed Adjust analogue speed Adjust PWM speed Adjust Push buttons/switches fault reset,injection disable,lower/raise digital speed, etc,etc
Outputs
PROCESSOR Cables/ Connectors
Cables/ Connectors
MEMORY (Engine Programme) Power supply for 5 volt 6.5 volts and 8 volts
Cables/ Connectors
5 volt + 8 volt Power Supplies Cables/ Connectors
Electronic Service Tool
CAN
110 Volt DC pulse for Injectors Digital output for speed control
ECM power supply, 24 v
PDL
Voltage to operate diagnostic lamps and crank terminate relay
J 1939 Engine Control
J 1939 Diagnostic Code Reader
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2300/2500/2800 „Off Engine‟ Wiring Diagram Machine Wiring Schematic, All Options This Wiring Supplied By OEM Crank Terminate (Engine Running Signal)
Notes:
J1- 70 Jack - Customer connection. Also J3 - 40 Jack - Customer connection
Outputs may be used to drive lamps or relays.
C
T
ECM K
Crank Terminate should be a relay used to disconnect the starter motor in OEM panel start circuit.
Shutdown (ECM latched out)
Diagnostic lamp lights when active system fault registered
G
J1/13
Crank Terminate Output
J1/10
Shutdown lamp Output
Action Alert
U
For full details of inputs/ outputs, refer to Installation Manual
Warning
P Diagnostics
(Different Diagram)
J1/19
Action Alert Lamp Output
J1/20
Warning Lamp Output
J1/31
Diagnostics Lamp Output
J1/28
Oil Pressure Lamp Output
J1/29
Coolant Temperature Lamp Output
J1/30
Overspeed Lamp Output
K Low Oil Pressure
O High Coolant Temp
N Overspeed
A
Off - Disabled - Stop Injection Disable On - Enabled - Run
J1/62
U
Injection Disable
Off On Critical Override (Disables Oil & Water shutdowns when on) 1500
K N
1500/1800 1800 rpm Select
J1/64
Shutdown Emergency Override
J1/56
1500/1800 rpm Select
J1/46
Droop/Isochronous
Isoch
Droop/ Droop Isochronous
A Y
Fault Reset
J1/41
Fault Reset
J1/49
Digital Speed Control Enable
Enable
Digital Speed Control
Digital Speed Control Disable
G
Lower Speed
P O
Raise Speed
O B B W R
Ground To PWM Speed Control
PWM +8V
„J1 Jack
W R B
Charging Alternator GRD
B
POS
B
Emergency Stop Button
R R Off
R
Key On Switch
Y
Circuit Breaker (16A)
Y G
Start Button
Starter Motor
G
R B
Battery 24V DC
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Digital Ground Unswitched Battery Negative Ground PWM Input +8V Analogue Ground
J1/17
Analogue Speed Input
J1/2
+5V
J1/61
Unswitched Battery Negative
J1/63
Unswitched Battery Negative
J1/65
Unswitched Battery Negative
J1/48
Unswitched Battery Positive
J1/52
Unswitched Battery Positive
J1/53
Unswitched Battery Positive
J1/70
Switched Battery Positive
J1/50
J1939 Data Link +
J1/34
J1939 Data Link -
J1/42
J1939 Screen
J1/8
Perkins Data Link +
J1/9
N
-
Raise Speed
J1/18 J1/67 J1/5 J1/66
J1/3
B
680R
Lower Speed
J1/4
B
680R 5K Analogue Speed Setting Potentiometer or Input from Load Sharer/Synchroniser
J1/59 J1/7
Perkins Data Link -
J1/55
Unswitched Battery Positive
J1/69
Unswitched Battery Negative
P1 J1
+ J H C G F D E A B
Main Battery Feed (Direct from starter/ battery)
9 Pin Perkins Data Link Connector
Power Supply to Service Tool
Some Typical Connections - ECM Inputs
CONTROL ECM
Analogue Speed Adjust
Outputs Shutdown Crank Terminate
Injection Disabled Diagnostics
Ignition Key Switch
+
-
+
-
5 volt to Sensors
+
ECM Power Supply, 24 v Communications Adapter 24 v
+
-
-
Power Supply, 24 v
J1939 PDL
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23/2800 Series ECM „Jack‟ Connections
J2 (Jack 2) “On Engine” Mounted Components
J1 (Jack 1) Customer Side
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ECM Grounding Grounding Always ensure the ground straps are on the Engine and the ECM is connected to the engine block, via the ‘tag’ to prevent EMI, Electro Magnetic Interference, affecting the interior electronic circuits of the ECM. Warning! When carrying out welding or electrostatic paint spraying, special precautions should always be followed. These are listed in the Perkins Mechanical and Electronic Installation Manual. TSL 4262, & TSL 4247.
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Electronic Control Module
Nominal battery supply voltage 18-32 volts (Max 48 for 2 mins) Approximately 2 - 6 amps in typical application 10-15 mA in ‘sleep mode’ (ignition off/ECM power on) High Reliability. External connectors most vulnerable: bent ‘jacks’, J1, J2 over tightened ECM plugs etc. No internal fuses or serviceable parts. Never replace an ECM without first connecting Electronic Service Tool (EST) and carrying out basic diagnostics. The ECM is the last component you should suspect.
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O
Raise Speed
J1/18 J1/67 J1/5 J1/66
O B B W R
Ground
Digital Ground
J1/4
Unswitched Battery Negative Ground PWM Input +8V
J1/3
Analogue Ground
J1/17
Analogue Speed Input
J1/2
+5V
J1/61
Unswitched Battery Negative
J1/63
Unswitched Battery Negative
J1/65
Unswitched Battery Negative
J1/48
Unswitched Battery Positive
J1/52
Unswitched Battery Positive
J1/53
Unswitched Battery Positive
J1/70
Switched Battery Positive
J1/50
J1939 Data Link +
J1/34
J1939 Data Link -
J1/42
J1939 Screen
J1/8
Perkins Data Link +
J1/9
Perkins Data Link -
J1/55
Unswitched Battery Positive
J1/69
Unswitched Battery Negative
2300/2800 Series ECM Power Supplies To PWM Speed Control
PWM +8V
680R
+ to Diagnostics Lamps
5K Analogue Speed Setting Potentiometer or Input from Load Sharer/Synchroniser
- to Diagnostics Lamps
B W R
680R
B
Charging Alternator GRD
B
B
POS
B
Emergency Stop Button
R R Off
R
Key On Switch
Y
Circuit Breaker (16A)
Y G
Start Button
Starter Motor
G N R B
-
Battery 24V DC
P1 J1
+ J H C G F D E A B
9 Pin Perkins Data Link Connector
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Main Battery Feed (Direct from starter/ battery)
Power Supply to Service Tool
Minimum J1 Connections, to run a 23/2800 Series Control ECM Injection Disabled
Ignition Key Switch
Note We do suggest that
a connection is made to the Perkins Electronic Service Tool (EST) to allow communication With Perkins Data Link (PDL) What are the Jack connection numbers?
+
-
ECM Power Supply, 24 v
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Ignition Circuit Ignition Key Switch This switch may be used for a controlled engine stop. The ignition switch does not switch off power to the ECM. The ECM remains connected to the battery via a fuse/circuit breaker, even when the ignition is switched off. Can also be used to reset faults. The Electronic Service Tool (EST) cannot communicate with the ECM when the Ignition switch is off. Injection Disabled If you want to stop the engine, use the ‘Injection Disabled’. This allows communication with the service tool (EST) to continue. Emergency Shut-down This button, interrupts the main battery power supply to the ECM and stops the engine. Not Recommended, Don’t forget the ECM is a computer, you do not just ‘chop off ’ the power.
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23/25/2800 Series Engine Mounted Sensors
Engine coolant temperature. Inlet manifold air temperature. Fuel temperature. Inlet manifold air pressure. Atmospheric/crankcase pressure. Engine oil pressure. Camshaft/crankshaft speed/timing.
Calibration probe (only in special circumstances)
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2300/2800 Series – Temperature Sensors Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor 32
Signal Voltage
ECM Fuel Temperature Sensor 33
Signal Voltage
Inlet Air Temperature Sensor
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35
Signal Voltage
18
0 Volts
23/2800 Series Temperature Sensor Operation ECM 5 Volts
R
Temperature Sensor Signal Ground
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18 0 Volts
Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor EST Code 110
Temperature can be viewed through the ECM in °C/°F via: J1939 CAN link Perkins Data Link (PDL) The sensor enables the cold start strategy Also enables the calculation of the fuel limit and engine timing Engine protection, Warning, Action Alert and Shutdown.
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Coolant Temperature Sensor
Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor EST Code 110 (Typical Temperature Sensor graph) 4.8
110-3 Signal shorted to a higher voltage or open circuit (voltage over 4.8)
Very cold Temp
Warning Temp 361 (1) Action Alert Temp 361 (2) Shutdown Temp 361 (3)
0.2
110-4 Signal shorted to a lower voltage (voltage under 0.2)
Temperature
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Manifold Air Inlet Temperature Sensor EST Code 174
Temperature can be viewed through the ECM in °C/°F via: J1939 CAN link. Perkins Data Link (PDL) The sensor enables the cold start strategy. Also enables the calculation of the fuel limit and engine timing Engine protection, warning and Action Alert.
Manifold Air Inlet Sensor
High inlet air temperatures lead to high exhaust temperatures, which can cause damage to exhaust system components (such as turbochargers and exhaust valves)
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Engine Fuel Temperature Sensor EST Code 174
Higher Temperature lower mass Lower Temperature greater mass Temperature can be viewed through the ECM in °C/°F via: J1939 CAN link Perkins Data Link (PDL) Also enables the calculation of the fuel limit and engine timing. Protection, Warning and Action Alert.
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Fuel Temperature Sensor
Temperature Sensor Feeds, Harness Voltages
1
2
Fuel Temperature Sensor Coolant Temperature Sensor Intake Manifold Temperature Sensor
Voltage between 1 and 2
Wiring harness plug connections (check the harness to ECM)
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2300/2800 Series Sensors Different Fault Codes and How they could be Created Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor 32
3 Intake Manifold Temperature Sensor Break
33
ECM „Jack 2‟
2 Fuel Temperature Sensor
1
2 35
18
Fault 1…………………………. Fault 2…………………………. Fault 3………………………….
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2300/2800 Series Pressure Sensors Atmospheric/Crankcase Pressure Sensor 2
5 Volts
14
Signal Voltage
3
0 Volts
40
Signal Voltage
Intake Manifold Air Pressure Sensor
Engine Oil Pressure Sensor
24
Signal Voltage
ECM J2
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23/25/2800 Series Pressure Sensor Operation
6.5 Volts
R
Pressure Sensor 5 Volt 2
3 0 Volts
Sensor ‘Fly Lead’
Main Engine Harness
ECM J2
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Inlet Manifold Air Pressure Sensor EST Code 273 - (Code also known as Turbo Boost!)
Pressure can be viewed in PSI and Kpa through the ECM via: J1939 CAN link Perkins Data Link (PDL) Used to determine mass air flow Enables the calculation of the correct air/fuel ratio Used for smoke limiting strategy Range 52 Kpa Abs. 472 Kpa Abs Protection- Warning and Action Alert.
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Inlet Manifold Air Pressure Sensor
Inlet Manifold Air Pressure Values 2800 1800 rpm Full load 1/2 Load 1500 rpm Full Load 1/2 Load
2300 1800 rpm Full load 1/2 Load 1500 rpm Full Load 1/2 Load
Kpa Gauge Inlet Manifold Air Pressure Sensor
295 126 249 94
263 Half TA Luft
95
Kpa Gauge 205 119
195 71
234 Half TA Luft 71
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Engine Oil Pressure Sensor EST Code 100
Pressure can be viewed in PSI and Kpa through the ECM via:
J1939 CAN link Perkins Data Link (PDL) Protection,Warning,Action Alert Protection ‘mapped’ Range 106 Kpa to 1135 Kpa
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Engine Oil Pressure Sensor
Engine Oil Pressure Sensor EST Code 100 (Typical Pressure Sensor graph) 100-3 Shorted to a higher voltage or open circuit (over 4.8 volts)
4.8
Warning Pressure – E360-1
Action Alert Oil Pressure – E360-3
0.2
100-4 Signal shorted to a lower voltage (less than 0.2 volts)
Pressure
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Atmospheric (Crankcase) Pressure Sensor EST Code 274
Pressure can be viewed in PSI and Kpa, „absolute‟ through the ECM via: J1939 CAN link. Perkins Data Link (PDL) Used to calibrate the Inlet Air and Oil Pressure Sensors. With „Critical Override‟ active, if the sensor fails the engine will Derate by 10%. Range 40 Kpa A to 116 Kpa A
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Atmospheric Pressure Sensor
2800 Series De-rate Information
The 2306 / 2806 series engine electronic control, does not automatically de-rate at high altitudes or high ambient temperatures The de-rate information for this engine can be obtained from Perkins Engines Applications Department These de-rate limits must be adhered to or severe engine damage may result
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Pressure Sensor Feeds, Harness Voltages C
B
A
Voltage between A and B
Voltage between B and C
Voltage between A and C
Atmospheric/Crankcase Pressure Sensor (DT06-3S) Oil Pressure Sensor (DT06-3S) Intake Manifold Air Pressure Sensor (DT06-3S)
Wiring Harness Plug Connections, (Checks the harness to ECM)
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2300/2800 Series Sensors Different Fault Codes and How they could be Created Atmospheric/Crankcase Pressure Sensor
1
2
5 Volts
14
Signal Voltage
3
0 Volts
40
Signal Voltage
24
Signal Voltage
Intake Manifold Air Pressure Sensor
2 Engine Oil Pressure Sensor
3 Fault 1…………………………. Fault 2…………………………. Fault 3………………………….
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ECM J2
Crankshaft Speed/Position Sensor EST Code 190
Crankshaft Gear 36 Proprietary Information of Perkins Engines Company Limited 2006 - All Rights Reserved Perkins Confidential ‘Green’
- 1 tooth
Camshaft Speed/Position Sensor EST Code 342 (Speed and timing Sensor 2)
Camshaft Gear 36
+ 1 tooth Proprietary Information of Perkins Engines Company Limited 2006 - All Rights Reserved Perkins Confidential ‘Green’
Checking Speed/Position Sensors 1
2
Crankshaft Speed/Position Sensor ‘fly lead’
1
Crankshaft Sensor Resistance between 1 and 2 Camshaft Sensor Resistance between 1 and 2
2
Camshaft Speed/Position Sensor ‘fly lead’
Run Engine and Measure output AC Voltage or Frequency from each Sensor - one at a time
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Additional Sensors/Senders Coolant Level switch Coolant temperature sender CV18338/5 and adapter OE51375
Speed Sensor
CV18338 and Harness CV18965
Oil pressure sender
CV18339/3 and adapter 3Y-2888
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Additional Engine Sensors/Senders
Temperature Switch
Coolant Level sensor
Oil Pressure Switch
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Machine Wiring Schematic, All Options This Wiring Supplied By OEM
2800 Wiring Diagram
Crank Terminate (Engine Running Signal)
Notes: Outputs may be used to drive lamps or relays.
C
T
Crank Terminate should be a relay used to disconnect the starter motor in OEM panel start circuit.
Shutdown (ECM latched out)
Diagnostic lamp lights when active system fault registered
G U
Warning
P
Customer side (Jack 1) Outputs - may be used to drive lamps or relays. (0.3 A, 1.0 A and 1.5 A) Crank terminate should be a relay to monitor starter motor in the OEM panel Diagnostic lamp, lights when active fault code registered, or any of the outputs are disconnected/open circuit Inputs - injection disable, RPM select, digital speed control, raise/lower, droop/isochronous, etc For full details of inputs and outputs refer to the installation manual
J1/13
Crank Terminate Output
J1/10
Shutdown lamp Output
J1/19
Action Alert Lamp Output
J1/20
Warning Lamp Output
J1/31
Diagnostics Lamp Output
Action Alert
For full details of inputs/ outputs, refer to Installation Manual
(2800,TSL 4262. 2300, TSL 4267) This drawing for indication only!
ECM K
Diagnostics
K Low Oil Pressure
O High Coolant Temp
N Overspeed
A
Off - Disabled - Stop Injection Disable On - Enabled - Run
U
J1/28
Oil Pressure Lamp Output
J1/29
Coolant Temperature Lamp Output
J1/30
Overspeed Lamp Output
J1/62
Injection Disable
J1/64
Shutdown Emergency Override
J1/56
1500/1800 rpm Select
J1/46
Droop/Isochronous
Off On Critical Override (Disables Oil & Water shutdowns when on) 1500
K N
1500/1800 1800 rpm Select
Isoch
Droop/ Droop Isochronous
A Y
Fault Reset
J1/41
Fault Reset
J1/49
Digital Speed Control Enable
Enable
Digital Speed Control
Digital Speed Control Disable
G
Lower Speed
P O
Raise Speed
O B B W R
Ground To PWM Speed Control
PWM +8V
B
680R 5K Analogue Speed Setting Potentiometer or Input from Load Sharer/Synchroniser
B W R
680R
B
Charging Alternator GRD
B
POS
B
Emergency Stop Button
R R Off
R
Key On Switch
Y
Circuit Breaker (16A)
Y G
Start Button
Starter Motor
G N R B
-
Battery 24V DC
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J1/59
Lower Speed
J1/7
Raise Speed
J1/18 J1/67 J1/5 J1/66
Digital Ground
J1/4
Unswitched Battery Negative Ground PWM Input +8V
J1/3
Analogue Ground
J1/17
Analogue Speed Input
J1/2
+5V
J1/61
Unswitched Battery Negative
J1/63
Unswitched Battery Negative
J1/65
Unswitched Battery Negative
J1/48
Unswitched Battery Positive
J1/52
Unswitched Battery Positive
J1/53
Unswitched Battery Positive
J1/70
Switched Battery Positive
J1/50
J1939 Data Link +
J1/34
J1939 Data Link -
J1/42
J1939 Screen
J1/8
Perkins Data Link +
J1/9
Perkins Data Link -
J1/55
Unswitched Battery Positive
J1/69
Unswitched Battery Negative
P1 J1
+ J H C G F D E A B
9 Pin Perkins Data Link Connector
Main Battery Feed (Direct from starter/ battery)
Power Supply to Service Tool
Gen-Set Desired Engine Speed/Load Control The software in the ECM provides the flexibility to cater for Four types of control.
Digital Control Pulse Width Modulated Analogue Control CAN J1939 Control
Typical Pressure Sensor
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Digital Speed/Load Control
Enables speed control by digital load-sharing and synchronizing equipment
The Engine can interface directly with manual synchronizing selector switches, relays or push buttons When the ECM is working on Digital Speed Control there are three inputs that can be used. Digital Speed Control Enable Digital Speed Control Ramp Rate Digital Speed Control Raise/Lower
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Diagnostics
J1/31
Diagnostics Lamp Output
J1/28
Oil Pressure Lamp Output
J1/29
Coolant Temperature Lamp Output
K O Digital Speed/Load Control Low Oil Pressure
High Coolant Temp
N
Digital speed control (enable/disable) Overspeed Lamp Output J1/30 A Lower speed (pushbutton/relay contact) Overspeed
Off - Disabled - Stop
J1/62
Injection Disable
J1/49
Digital Speed Control Enable
J1/59
Lower Speed
J1/7
Raise Speed
J1/18 J1/67 J1/5 J1/66
Digital Ground
Raise speed (pushbutton/relay contact) Shutdown Emergency Override J1/64 K Digital speed control ramp rate, (default 10 rpm/sec) 1500/1800 rpm Select J1/56 N This can be adjusted via the Electronic Service Tool Droop/Isochronous J1/46 A Speed adjustment ranges +150 –150 rpm Fault Reset J1/41 Injection Disable On - Enabled - Run
U
Off
On Critical Override (Disables Oil & Water shutdowns when on) 1500 1500/1800 1800 rpm Select
Isoch
Droop/ Droop Isochronous
Y
Fault Reset
Enable
Digital Speed Control
Digital Speed Control Disable
G
Lower Speed
P Raise Speed
Ground To PWM Speed Control
PWM +8V
O
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Unswitched Battery Negative Ground PWM Input +8V
2300/2800 Series PWM Speed Control
Intended for use with a customers load-sharing unit The PWM signal 500 Hz, duty cycle 10-90% Speed adjustment –24% to +8% (0% is rated speed) For 50 Hz 1141 to 1621 rpm Typical Pressure Sensor For 60 Hz 1369 to 1945 rpm Note for Calibration:
If the PWM input is selected on the configuration screen but not connected on the OEM’s side, the ECM will default the speed to 1100, (and log a diagnostic code 91-8)
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2300/2800 Series Analogue Speed Control
Speed adjustment –10% to +10% (0% is rated speed) For 50 Hz 1350 to 1650 rpm For 60 Hz 1620 to 1980 rpm Note for Calibration: Typical Pressure Sensor If the Analogue input is selected on the configuration screen but not connected on the OEM’s side, the ECM will default the speed to 1100, (and log a diagnostic code 1690-8)
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2300/2800 Series Analogue Speed Adjustments 1500/1800 RPM
Resistive track potentiometer Provide linear voltage output (0.5v to 4.5v)
Two series resistors keep voltage away from fault region
4.5V
Fault Region
Voltage o/p
0.5V
Fault Region
+10%
-10% Rated Speed
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Engine Speed/Ratings Selection
Engine Rating,Duties,Speed can be set within limits set by the torque maps The rating of the Engine is selectable via the EST in „Configuration‟ The Function will be selected at the time of manufacture or in service via the Electronic Service Tool.
For example: 2300 Series 2306C-E14TAG2, 2306C-E14TAG3 The ECM has torque limit maps: 1500 rpm prime power 1800 rpm prime power 1500 rpm base load - continuous 1800 rpm base load - continuous 1500 rpm standby maximum power 1800 rpm standby maximum power
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2800 Series Engine Protection There are three alarm levels provided which are defined as: Level 1 - Operator Warning To warn the operator or machine control system of a possible condition within the ECM control system that requires the operators attention. Level 2 – Action (called De-rate or Alert) To inform the operator or machine control system to take action to enable the proper control of the system (i.e. to externally de-rate or reduce speed). This is normally used by the OEM to stop the engine. Level 3 – Shutdown To inform the operator or machine control system that the ECM has shutdown due to an operating condition reaching an unacceptable level; or if in the ‘critical override’ condition, that the product is now operating in a condition outside of its scope of supply and may cause injury or be damaged in such a way as to invalidate the warranty
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Warnings, Action Alert and Shutdown Protection Device
Warning
Action Alert
Shutdown
High Coolant Temp
Low Oil Pressure
Engine Over-speed
Inlet Manifold Air Pressure
High Inlet Manifold Air Temp
High Fuel Temp
There is not a warning, alert, shutdown on atmospheric – it purely logs a diagnostic code, the diagnostic lamp comes on, the oil pressure is then invalid and we trigger the oil pressure lamp and the shutdown
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2800 Series Lamp Outputs The ECM provides individual outputs to drive warning lamps and/or relays to indicate each of the following fault conditions:
Active Fault Codes (Diagnostics) High Coolant Temperature Low Oil Pressure Over-speed Level 1 (Warning) Level 2 (Action Alert) Level 3 (Shutdown)
Lamp Outputs.
The outputs have a maximum current value as below.
Shutdown and Crank Terminate = 1.5 amps.
Action Alert and Warning = 1 amp.
Diagnostics, Oil Pressure, Coolant Temperature, Overspeed = 0.3 amps.
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Machine Wiring Schematic, All Options Customer Outputs This Wiring Supplied By OEM
Crank Terminate (Engine Running Signal)
Notes: Outputs may be used to drive lamps or relays.
C
T
ECM K
Crank Terminate should be a relay used to disconnect the starter motor in OEM panel start circuit.
Shutdown (ECM latched out)
Diagnostic lamp lights when active system fault registered
G
J1/13
Crank Terminate Output
J1/10
Shutdown lamp Output
J1/19
Action Alert Lamp Output
J1/20
Warning Lamp Output
J1/31
Diagnostics Lamp Output
J1/28
Oil Pressure Lamp Output
J1/29
Coolant Temperature Lamp Out
J1/30
Overspeed Lamp Output
Action Alert
U
For full details of inputs/ outputs, refer to Installation Manual
Warning
P Diagnostics
K Low Oil Pressure
O High Coolant Temp
N Overspeed
+ Positive - Negative
Off - Disabled - Stop Injection Disable On - Enabled - Run
A U
J1/62
Injection Disable
J1/64
Shutdown Emergency Override
Off On Critical Override (Disables Oil & Water shutdowns when on) 1500
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K
drive lamps or relays.
C
K
Crank Terminate should be a relay used to disconnect the starter motor in OEM panel start circuit.
Shutdown (ECM latched out)
J1/10
Shutdown lamp Output
J1/19
Action Alert Lamp Output
Injection Disable/Critical Override Diagnostic lamp lights when active system fault registered
Action Alert
U
For full details of inputs/ outputs, refer to Installation Manual
G
When critical override Warning has been enabled in the service tool - the switch Warning Lamp Output J1/20 when 'open' allows the protection to be over ridden, the switch when closed P enables the normal Diagnostics protection - the diagram reads the opposite. TheOutput idea J1/31 Diagnostics Lamp K was that if you've enabled a feature to over ride protection and the wire Low Oilsafe Pressureresults in you being able to run to destruction. drops off then the fail Oil Pressure Lamp Output J1/28 O
High Coolant Temp
Coolant coolant Temperature Lamp Output J1/29 ‘Critical Override’ Not Recommended, Nignores oil pressure, temperature, atmospheric pressure shutdowns when on Overspeed Off - Disabled - Stop Injection Disable On - Enabled - Run
A U
J1/30
Overspeed Lamp Output
J1/62
Injection Disable
J1/64
Shutdown Emergency Override
J1/56
1500/1800 rpm Select
J1/46
Droop/Isochronous
J1/41
Fault Reset
Off On Critical Override (Disables Oil & Water shutdowns when on) 1500
+ 24 Volts
1500/1800 1800 rpm Select
K N Isoch
Droop/ Droop Isochronous Fault Reset
A Y
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Enable
2800 Series Switch Inputs 1500/1800 rpm Selection Switch to ground to select 1800 rpm. Enabling of this input is controlled via the Electronic Service Tool (EST) Droop/Isochronous Switch to ground for droop governing. Enabling of this switch input and Percentage droop is set using the EST Fault Reset
This switch is used for clearing faults after an engine shutdown, switch to ground for fault reset.(Faults cleared by turning the Ignition Switch off/on)
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Electronic Fault Diagnostics
Electronic Service Tool (EST) Electronic Diagnostic Device (EDD)
Generic Engine Monitor (GEM) Diagnostic Manual TSD 3453 Trouble Shooting Guide (TSG) Perkins Technical Marketing Information (PTMI) Workshop Manual TSD 3450 Installation Manual TSL 4262
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Electronic Fault Diagnostics Generic Engine Monitor (GEM 2200) Part Number 2800A003 Compact Robust Module, connects via J1939 CAN Several Languages Analogue Gauges Digital Readout Graphs Active Diagnostic Codes Audible Alarm 12/24 Volt Operation
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R B
J1/2
+5V
J1/61
Unswitched Battery Negative
Unswitched Battery Negative J1/63 B 9 Pin (Deutsch) Diagnostic Connector Unswitched Battery Negative J1/65 B
y n
R R Off
R
Key On witch
Y
6A)
Y G
Button
G N R B
J1/48
Unswitched Battery Positive
J1/52
Unswitched Battery Positive
J1/53
Unswitched Battery Positive
J1/70
Switched Battery Positive
J1/50
J1939 Data Link +
Used for Diagnostic Code Reader/ Generic Engine Monitor, (CAN) Controller Area Network, SAE J1939 Genset Control
J1/34
J1939 Data Link -
Screen - Unused
J1/42
J1939 Screen
J1/8
Perkins Data Link +
J1/9
Perkins Data Link -
J1/55
Unswitched Battery Positive
J1/69
Unswitched Battery Negative
P1 J1 J H C G F D E A B
Main Battery Feed (Direct from starter/ battery)
Used for Electronic Service Tool Perkins Data Link (PDL) Power Supply to Service Tool
9 Pin Perkins Data Link Connector
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Electronic Engine Diagnostics
Electronic Service Tool (EST) computer based. Many functions, reading of temperature, speed, pressures, etc Genuine network only (including some OEM’s and Dealers) Configuration settings, histograms, graphing, data log, etc Installing/downloading ‘flash files’ and full engine diagnostics. Electronic Diagnostic Device, (EDD). Reads J 1939 Codes, available to anyone. Not a substitute for the EST. Ability to control Engine Speed Remotely
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Electronic Service Tool (EST)
An element of TIPSS The Integrated Product Support Solution
Common for all future Perkins Engines Hardware and software required Computer/Communications adapter Annual subscription Restricted to genuine networks
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Diagnostic Fault Codes Active Diagnostic Codes Any fault that is currently „Active‟ on the engine. Logged Diagnostic Codes Faults that have occurred, „Logged‟ and been repaired. Logged Event Codes Problems „Events‟ that could cause permanent damage
Engine coolant temperature
110
3
CID
FMI
Component/circuit identifier
Failure mode identifier
E 361-1 High Engine Coolant Temperature (Warning) E 361-2 High Engine Coolant Temperature (Action Alert) E 361-3 High Engine Coolant Temperature (Shutdown)
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23/25/2800 Speed/Timing Calibration
This Procedure is only necessary if the Diagnostic Code is present: The engine may run rough, emit white smoke or they may be noticeable performance effects
no
261-13 Engine Timing Calibration Required
If the ECM has been replaced and you are unable to take data from existing ECM, or if repairs have been completed to the engine drive train or possibly replaced Speed/Timing sensors
The engine must be running at 1100 rpm for ECM calibration.
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Timing Calibration Probe Installation
1mm (0.040in)
The probe measures the angular position of the crankshaft and compares this to the measurement coming from the Camshaft Speed/Timing Sensor. The ECM then makes a correction or calibration if necessary
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ECM Timing Calibration Location Position Calibration slot
ECM Calibration ref position Distance between TDC position and ECM Calibration position approx 100/125 mm
Crankcase TDC Ref Point Crankshaft TDC Ref Position
Crankcase Calibration access blank plug
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2300/2800 Series Immersion Heater
110V/240V immersion heaters and thermostat. Rated at 1500W, thermostat temperature range of 38 to 49°C
Route harness to avoid heat from the exhaust manifold/turbocharger
Thermostat Sensor
Immersion Heater Element Position
Immersion Heater Element
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Connect to: 110/240 Volt Power Supply
2300/2800 Series Cold Start Mode Timing Advance The ECM provides automatic timing advance in cold weather to compensate for the increased ignition delay of cold fuel and cold air Several conditions exist in cold engines which cause increased white smoke from incomplete combustion Conditions Triggered below 18 Deg C The inlet air is cold. The fuel is cold and does not ignite as easily Longer Ignition delay. The piston, cylinder wall and head are cold. The cold fuel does not burn as rapidly
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2800 Series Governor Stability
Make sure ‘Overspeed’ is configured with the EST
Establish how much governor instability (rpm above and below rated speed) (Increasing governor proportional gain - hunt duration will Increase) (Decreasing governor proportional gain - hunt duration will Decrease) Adjustments 20 rpm below rated speed - adjust min stability and reduce proportional gain 20 rpm above rated speed - adjust max stability and reduce proportional gain Typical 2806 Governor proportional gain - 26,214 (range 1 - 39999) Governor maximum stability factor - 3146 Governor minimum stability factor - 1573 Type in value „O‟ and configuration will return to its default value
Note:
Altering values can affect steady state and transient speed/response
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If you need Technical advice contact our dedicated Engineers Use the Request Form on the Perkins Secured Internet
http://www.perkins.com/perkins/cda/technicalSupportRequest/1,4077,,00.html
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[email protected]
For URGENT queries only, telephone +44 (0)1733 582858
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23/25/2800 Series End of Course Questions 1. What reference voltage do we use to power the analogue speed adjustment, what are the ‘Jack’ numbers? 2. What application could use ‘Critical Override? 3. What would happen if I disconnected the oil pressure sensor? 4. What is the description for these fault codes: 110-3/100-4?
5. What could be the cause of the above faults? 6. What is the preferred method of stopping the engine? 7. Name the two sensors that monitor engine speed/position? 8. Will the engine still start with one speed/position sensor disconnected?
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23/25/2800 Series End of Course Questions
(cont/d)
9. What does PWM stand for? 10. What type of Thermistor is in the temperature sensors? 11. What are the ‘Jack’ connections for the ECM power supply? 12. What voltage would I expect between ‘Jacks A,B,C,on the harness feeding the pressure sensors?
13. What voltage is expected across the temperature sensor ‘plug’ with the sensor disconnected? 14. Why are diodes fitted across relays in an electronic engine? 15. A pressure sensor power supply open circuit will create which code? 16. How can I achieve 1100 RPM to calibrate the timing?
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