Elements of health & Safety Management System
1. Policy 2. Organization 3. Planning 4. Implementing 5. Measring Performance !. "#iting $ith %hecing an# %orrecti'e "ctions (. )e'ie$ing Performance for %ontinal Impro'ement
"cci#ent in'estigation "cci#ent in'estigation * reasons
1. May +e a legal re,irement 2. Insrance )e,irement 3. Esta+lish )oot %ase 4. Pre'ent a )ecrrence 5. I#entify %osts !. Impro'e a Safety %ltre (. -o earn /rom the E'ent 0. Impro'e Morale
"n acci#ent acci#ent case * 4 imme#iate cases & 4 n#erlying cases root cases
Imme#iate 1. ac of caring 2. ac of perception 3. illfl %ase on prpose 4. ac of attention )oot %ases 1. Management System /ailre 2. egati'e safety cltre 3. ac of a safe system of $or 4. Ina#e,ate information6 instrction6 training & sper'ision
Information in an acci#ent in'estigation report
1. 7ate 2. -ime 3. ocation 4. In8re# persons 5. itnesses !. In8ries 9 losses sstaine# (. E,ipment 9 tools in'ol'e#
0. %osts estimate# 9 no$n :. ho in'estigate# 1;. Intro#ction Smmary 11. Main +o#y * o+ser'ations6 legal +reaches6 liely enforcement action 12. )ecommen#ation 13. %onclsions 14. %irclation list
Otline the factors that may #etermine the le'el of sper'ision an employee shol# recei'e #ring their initial perio# $ithin a company.
ays of re#cing the lielihoo# of hman error in the $orplace.
1. %omple
reco'ery perio#s (. Monitoring performance 0. -ass fit the person an# their a+ilities an# capa+ilities
)easons $hy the seriosness of a hazar# may +e n#erestimate# +y someone e
ays in $hich managers can moti'ate employees to $or safely.
1. ot +een e
as $ore# in the same 8o+ $ithot ill=effect 3. -heir attit#e * #oes not care 4. -he person may +e tire# 5. ot ha# a$areness training initial or refresher !. O'er=reliance on PPE (. %ontrols not fnctioning e.g. E? 0. "larms not operational %O >2S :. Effects of me#ication 9 #rgs 9 "lcohol 1;. %mlati'e impacts of failres * one a##ing to another an# ha'ing more serios conse,ences 1. ea# +y e
perio#ically :. -raining6 Instrction an# Information pro'ision " means of $oring in a safe manner " safe system of $or is the systematic e
It is important to in'ol'e employees that carry ot the $or or $ith #etaile# no$le#ge of the acti'ity6 so that the system of $or pro#ce# is effecti'e an# practical as $ell as safe. In'ol'ing employees $ith the process helps them to n#erstan# $hy this le'el of control has to +e esta+lishe# an# maintaine#.
Sorces of information that may nee# to +e conslte# $hen #e'eloping a safe system of $or. 1
1. -he safe system of $or $ill incl#e ho$ the tas is to +e #one6 $hat e,ipment is re,ire#6 $hat commnication nee#s mst +e met an# $ho can athorize 'ariations to the proce#re. 2. )is "ssessment potential
hazar#s 3. Bo+ 7escriptions 4. Permit to $or con#itions 5. 7escription of the $or to +e #oneC !. E
rces of information that may nee# to +e conslte# $hen #e'eloping a safe system of $or. 2
:. Instrctions for any special tools6 protecti'e clothing or e,ip +reathing apparats that may +e nee#e#C 1;. "'aila+ility of special tools6 protecti'e e,ipment 11. -raining recor#s of the people $ho are to #o the $or * are t traine# 12. Specific isolations an# locing=off nee#s for the $or to +e # 13. hat other site acti'ities are occrring = $ill the $or interfer acti'ities create a hazar# to the people #oing the $or 14. 7etermination of the respecti'e permissions "'aila+le comm facilities = ho$ $ill the people #oing the $or commnicate $ith 15. Emergency proce#res an# prepare#ness plans * nee# to i emergency proce#res * local rles /actors that col# +e consi#ere# $hen assessing the health an# safety competence of a contractor. 1
1. %hec the e
training programmes. 4. 7etermine the le'el affor#e# +y the contrac policies. 5. 7etermine $hether t a mem+er of a repta+ association. !. >as the contractor similar $or 9 pro8ects (. >as the contractor h enforcement action ta them 0. 7o they come $ith g
/actors that col# +e consi#ere# $hen assessing the health an# safety competence of a contractor. 2
:. "re the metho# stat an# sfficient 1;. -he le'el of sper' $ill #eploy 11. -he system se# f contract mst +e site $or +eing n#ertaen pre'ios contracts ma 12. -he responsi+ilities parties in'ol'e# shol# #efine#6 agree# an# all the start of the pro8ect 13. -he terms of the c re,ire $or to +e n# accor#ance $ith #efine $oring stan#ar#s an# allocation shol# +e m n#ertaing the $or i manner 14. "#e,ate +acing mst +e gi'en to mana contractors so that the n#ertae site manage
7escri+e the criteria that mst +e met for the ris assessment to +e #eeme# Dsita+le an# sfficient ‟
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7escri+e the criteria that mst +e met for the ris assessment to +e #eeme# Dsita+le an# sfficient ‟
2
/actors to +e consi#ere# $hile #e'eloping a health & safety training programme for an organization 1
1. " sita+le an# sffici assessment shol# i#e riss arising ot of $or 2. -ri'ial riss can s as can riss arising fro acti'ities associate# $i general6 nless the $o compon#s those riss e'i#ence of significant the particlar $or acti 3. -he #egree of sophi ris assessment $ill +e to the size an# natre n#ertaing an# the ha liely to +e encontere 4. Employers shol# e $here specialist a#'is those a#'isors ha'e s n#erstan#ing of the p acti'ity they are a#'isi 5. E'eryone in'ol'e# i employer6 employees $ill often nee# to +e all together. !. Employers in the are e
e
/actors to +e consi#ere# $hile #e'eloping a health & safety training programme for an organization 2
?arios measres that might +e se# to assess the effecti'eness of the training
4. -he nm+er of peop the training $ill affect t training = in some case nm+ers allo$ for grea interaction6 $hich can other cases smaller n more teacher = particip $hich can also help 5. -he means of #eli'e teaching $ill significant of the other factors her #oes not necessarily h #eci#ing factor !. -he company cltr spport from the mana also a significant factor of training #eli'ery 1. Participation of atten 2. e'el of response 3. "+ility to correctly re ,estions 4. Geing a+le to #emo n#erstan#ing 5. On the 8o+ follo$=p !. )e#ction of acci#e
in aspects of the traini (. /ormal fee#+ac fro 0. Personal fee#+ac :. Others asing for si 1;. "ttenti'eness thro
)easons $hy it is important for an employee to eep the training recor#s of his employees
Otline the $ays in $hich employers can moti'ate their employees to comply $ith >SE 1
1. May +e legal re,ire 2. May assist in #e'elo plans 9 i#entifying gaps 3. May +e re,ire# for follo$ing an inci#ent 9 4. May re#ce penaltie la$ 5. Insrance premim !. %ompleting ris ass (. %P7 for the $orer 0. -o sa'e #plication :. Management syste 1. " clear an# e'i#ent from the most senior m #o$n$ar#s6 $hich pro for safety in $hich man o+8ecti'es an# the nee appropriate stan#ar#s commnicate# an# in constrcti'e e
5. Inci#ent in'estigatio effecti'e se of inform from sch in'estigation !. "#e,ate an# effecti $ith the po$er to reme $hen fon#.
otline the $ays in $hich employers can moti'ate their employees to comply $ith >SE 2
(. Effecti'e health an# safety management system 0. Encoraging a positi'e health an# safety cltre :. Ensring a#e,ate an# competency of sper'ision 1;. Insisting on effecti'e inci#ent reporting an# analysis 11. illing to learn from e
/actors $hy acci#ents nee#s to +e reporte#
/actors that #iscorage the employees from reporting acci#ents
1. egal )e,irement 2. "llo$ in'estigation 3. -o esta+lish imme#iat an# root cases 4. -o pre'ent a recrrenc implementation of recom 5. " re,irement of the m system !. "ccrate statistics to + (. "llo$s the i#entificatio intro#ction of pre'entati 0. -o ensre appropriate into the ftre 1. Glame cltre 2. Prone to #isciplinary a 3. /eeling of gil#
4. oss of incenti'es 5. Beopar#ises a#'ance promotion !. -oo many formalities (. Em+arrassment 0. May +e se# as a poo others pri#e 1. "llo$s the comparison safety performance to +e 2. Measrement allo$s 3. "llo$s comparisons $i +enchmaring 4. -o i#entify if FPI s are 5. -o i#entify if compens are re,ire# not $aiting action !. -o i#entify organizatio training6 gi#ance (. Proof of achie'ement case may +e 0. -o gi'e the organizatio employees something to srpass :. -o i#entify health an# compliance 1;. -o i#entify if intro#c $oring ‟
hy is it important for an organization to set targets in terms of >SE performance
! types of targets in terms of >SE
1. )e#ction in the nm+ 2. )e#ction in the nm+ particlar type of acci#en type of ill health 3. Hear on year comparis impro'ement 4. )e#ction in the total #ays 5. )e#ction in acci#ent
!. Genchmaring $ithin 9 organization (. m+er of training #eli 0. m+er of assessmen :. m+er of inspections 1;. )e#ction in the nm compliances 11. )e#ction in the nm non=compliances 12. " re#ction in the n resol'e non=compliances
%ontractor management * e'alation of contractors 1
%ontractor management * e'alation of contractors 2
1. %ontractor e'alation something as simple as they #eli'er against the t contract. 2. "re they pro'i#ing an# plant an# systems of $or far as is reasona+ly pract an# $ithot riss to healt 3. "re they taing of step reasona+ly practica+le6 t an# a+sence of riss to h connection $ith the se6 storage an# transport of s+stances 4. "re they pro'i#ing sc instrction6 training an# s necessary to ensre6 so reasona+ly practica+le6 t safety at $or of their em 5. "re they maintaining p that are safe an# $ithot so far as is reasona+ly p the pro'ision of a safe m to an# egress from the $ !. "re they pro'i#ing an#
$oring en'ironment that reasona+ly practica+le6 i $ithot riss to health an pro'i#e# $ith facilities an arrangements for emplo $or. (. "re acci#ent le'els $it e
/actors to +e consi#ere# $hile #e'eloping a safe system of $or
1. -he safe system of $o ho$ the tas is to +e #on
1
/actors to +e consi#ere# $hile #e'eloping a safe system of $or 2
e,ipment is re,ire#6 $ commnication nee#s m $ho can athorize 'ariati proce#re. 2. )is "ssessment pot 3. Bo+ 7escriptions 4. Permit to $or con#iti 5. 7escription of the $or !. E
hy PPE is taen as the last resort
"gen#a of a safety committee meeting 1
"gen#a of a safety committee meeting 2
1. It is a last resort +eca #ifficlt to garantee thei in terms of selection6 mai sage. 2. It can also +e fre,ent e
arising ot of the safe sy throgh the safety policy. :. %onsi#eration of any r or other information pro'i enforcement agency. 1;. "cci#ent report #isc 11. -or of a $orplace 12. %lose #ate of ne
hy yong $orer are at greater ris
>o$ to minimize the ris to yong employees
1. -heir ine
tass an# 9 or acti'ities a particlar perio#s. (. Ensring that any of th pro'i#e# is sita+le an# yong person gi'en their size6 etc.
Meaning of statement of intent6 arrangements6 etc.
Policy re'ie$ * $henC 1
1. " statement of the gen to$ar#s health an# safet 2. -he organization of re an# acconta+ilities = thr organization 3. -he arrangements or achie'ing the aims an# o
1. -he creation of a ne$ #epartment6 for e
5. %losing #o$n or sellin +siness6 since the polic rele'ant6 so references t e
0. /ollo$ing an acci#ent a#'erse comments from insrers6 clients6 etc.
%ategories of persons $ho might +e sefl in an internal acci#ent in'estigation
1. " +alance has to +e s ha'ing sfficiently traine in'estigators an# the re re,ire# to achie'e this. 2. -he selection of in'es also +e #ictate# to some e'ents $hich are chose in'estigation. 3. Manager $ith athorit #ecisions 4. Specialist 5. Safety Person !. Someone in'ol'e# in (. Person in charge of t 0. orer representati' :. Someone from the en athority See 2! a+o'e
hy is PPE the last resortC
1. It is a last resort +eca #ifficlt to garantee thei in terms of selection6 ma sage. 2. It can also +e fre,en e
" permit to $or is a for #ocmente# control pro taes accont of all the interactions +et$een the en'ironment an# the as hazar#s. It #efines the proce#re precations to +e n#ert se,ence in $hich they carrie# ot. 7efine the term Apermit=to=$or systemA.
-he permit to $or appr itself a safe system of $ specific type of control. It is #esigne# to pre'ent especially those of confli no$le#ge6 incorrect as mi
Otline ->)EE types of $or sitation that may re,ire a permit=to $or system6 gi'ing reasons in E"%> case for the re,irement. 1
1. %omple< an# highly h sitations 2. 7angeros s+stance an# ill health 3. Entry into e
pressrize# atmosphere e
Otline ->)EE types of $or sitation that may re,ire a permit=to $or system6 gi'ing reasons in E"%> case for the re,irement. 2
Otline the factors to consi#er $hen carrying ot a fire ris assessment of a $orplace.
>ierarchy of )is Management %ontrols
:. Greaing into pipeline hazar#os materials6 inc chemicals6 gases an# st or eot $or sch as $ sitations = fire an# eo$ col# harm arise 4. %ontrol measres in 5. Presence of flamma+l !. Sorces of heat (. O
5. Engineering %ontrols !. Safe System of or (. -raining an# Informati 0. Personal Protecti'e E :. elfare 1;. Monitoring an# Sp " statement of the gene to$ar#s health an# safe
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1. Sho$s management from the top -he organiz responsi+ilities an# acc =throghot the organiz 2. ho is responsi+le fo the policy an# lines of c -he arrangements or m achie'ing the aims an# 3. hat $ill +e se# to $orplaces e
e the typical isse# incl#e# in the arrangement section of the >ealth & safety policy
-he arrangements section of the health an# safety policy #oc state ho$ the organization6 throgh the responsi+ilities of the p in the organization section6 $ill carry ot the general intentions statement.
1 -his is the most company=specific part of the policy an# shol# proce#res for controlling riss i#entifie# +y the ris assessme "rrangements an# proce#res $ill control the significant riss i ris assessments6 $hich can in'ol'e any com+ination of
1. Inspection 2. Maintenance 3. Operating proce#res 4. -raining6 sper'ision or monitoring proce#res $hich are ne an i#entifie# ris.
Otline the typical isse# incl#e# in the arrangement section of the >ealth & safety policy 2
)easons $hy >ealth & Safety Policy to +e re'ie$e# 1
1. )is assessments 2. Safe system of $or 3. Emergency arrange first ai# = acci#ent 4. -raining 5. Permits to $or !. Statistic gathering (. "cci#ent 9 inci#ent i 0. "cci#ent reporting :. Safety committee pr 1;. %ontrolling eealth monitoring 1. -he creation of a ne for e
+e remo'e#. !. %hange of premises alter sch arrangemen proce#res6 e'acatio assem+ly6 or alarm tes (. %hanges in legislati co#es of practice6 co# gi#ance notes6 ISO S 0. /ollo$ing an acci#e :. /ollo$ing a#'erse c enforcers6 insrers6 cli Otline $ays in $hich the health & safety cltre of an organization can +e impro'e#
1. %lear an# acti'e se management commit an# safety 2. -he nee#s of pro# an# safety properly +a pressre for pro#ctio against that for health 3. Sfficient resorces health an# safety 4. Mamanistic an# non style of management !. >igh senior an# line 'isi+ility on the shop fl an# informal commni all le'els (. Jality training gi'e management an# the 0. /re,ent an# high= for general safety an# :. >igh le'els of 8o+ sa 1;. Ergonomic plant # layots
11. orforce selecte attit#es an# +eha'ior )is is the lielihoo# o that hazar# casing h $ith the se'erity of har
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-he e
Otline the factors that nee#s to +e consi#ere# $hen selecting in#i'i#als to assist in carrying ot health & safety ris assessment.
If there is #o+t on an competency then ISIensre# in a +i# to pro assistant. -he in#i'i#als concer +e pro'i#e# $ith sita sfficient PPE an# +e #ties an# responsi+ili engagement.
Otline the imme#iate an# long terms actions that shol# +e taen after a serios $orplace in8ry acci#ent
1. Mae sre the area to assist any in8re# p 2. O+tain assistance f
person an# secre an 3. %all for e)6 rela assets6 etc. !. ather internal in'e (. O+tain facts =Statements =Photos =)ecor#s = maintenan assessments =Permits an# safe syst 0. "nalyze information :. 7etermine actions r 1;. enerate reports plans 11. /ollo$=p 12. )e'ie$ ris asses 13. )e'ie$ managem relate# proce#res 14. /ollo$=p on actio
Otline the reasons $hy an employee may re,ire a##itional health & safety training at a later stage of employment $ith the organization
Otline $ays of re#cing the lielihoo# of hman error in a
1. "s a matter of proc 2. -o refresh in a +i# t complacency 3. -o i#entify frther tr 4. -o gather fee#+ac going right an# or not 5. p#ate recor#s !. p#ate no$le#ge $ith respect to say tec a#'ances6 in#stry n legislation E
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Pre'ention strategies. Pre'ention strategies #o$n from e
Otline $ays of re#cing the lielihoo# of hman error in a $orplace 2
/ail=safe strategies. %ontrary to the name6 strategies are in'oe# to mitigate the conse, hman error instea# o pre'ent it from occrri
place. /or eealth monitoring to # prior to #eteriorating to naccepta+le le'el /ollo$=p after inci#en $hy things $ent $ron an# cases Engineering ot areas may arise e.g. control
line $ays in $hich managers can moti'ate their employees
Moti'ation Is the #ri'ing force +ehin# the $ay a person acts or the $ay in are stimlate# to act. In'ol'ement in the #ecision=maing proce
meaningfl $ay $ill impro'e moti'ation as $ill the se of incenti >o$e'er6 there are other important inflences on moti'ation s recognition an# promotion opportnities6 8o+ secrity an# 8o+ sa Self=interest6 in all its forms6 is a significant moti'ator an# perso
Otline the factors to +e consi#ere# $hen assessing the ris to a long #istance #eli'ery #ri'er.
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1. -he #ri'ers compete 2. Fno$le#ge of proce inci#ent 9 acci#ent 3. >ors of $or may impose# 4. )otes an# alternati 5. -ime e
