DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN ENGLISH 10
Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to:
identify author's purpose.
appreciate the relevance of the selection to the historical context during which it was produced and to the reader.
explain the following literary theories: Naturalism, Realism, and Social Darwinism.
present social issues through differentiated activities.
Subject Matter
Topic:
Literary Text: To Build a Fire
Literary Focus: Naturalism, Realism, and Social Darwinism
Elements of a Story
References:
Learner's Material: Celebrating Diversity through World Literature
Pages: 334-343
Teacher's Guide: Celebrating Diversity through World Literature, pp.282-292
Other References: http:www.youtube.com/watch?v=VPtKOrwf1ho
Instructional Materials: pictures, video clips, power point presentation, board, cartolina markers, manila paper
Learning Procedure
Teacher's Activity
Student's Activity
Routine activities
Prayer and Greetings
Good morning class!
Everybody stand and let us pray. Can somebody please lead the prayer?
Yes Catheryn lead the prayer.
Before you take your seats kindly arrange your chairs, make sure that your area is free from any trash.
Checking of Attendance
(The teacher will look who is not around today.)
Very good no one is absent today!
Review of the previous lesson
Yesterday we had a very productive they. I am happy that you were able to present through a graphic organizer the things you can do to make a change, heal the world and make it better.
Before we begin our new lesson, can you state what you had written in your graphic organizer on how you can heal the world and make it better?
Yes, Trishia.
Excellent answer!
How about you Lylibeth?
Very well said!
It really shows that you want to take your part in saving our Mother Earth.
Motivation
Class, I want you to pay attention and read the quotation that I will flash. Then, give your insights about it.
"If I were to name the three most precious resources of life, I should say books, friends, and nature; and the greatest of these, at least the most constant and always at hand, is nature."- John Burroughs (American Naturalist, 1837-1921)
Kindly read it aloud Veronica.
Thank you Veronica.
Now, can someone explain as to how you understand the quotation?
Great answer Cristina!
Books, friends and nature are the most precious resources of life. We can obtain many things from these but among these three according to Einstein the greatest is nature, we will leave this world but nature will still be here.
(The teacher will give insights about nature.)
How does nature affect you?
Nice answer!
In connection with the word--health you mentioned, recently, it has been a trend to go organic---meaning, everything should come from nature, especially wellness and medicinal products.
I have here photos of some common herbal products, look up their benefits and answer the following questions:
Which of the herbal product's ingredients come from nature?
What benefits do we get from these products?
What could you say about what nature could give you?
In what other ways could nature help you?
Are you aware of some of the innovations when it comes to harnessing the power of nature?
Can you give example?
Excellent!
I have here videos on how these innovations work in harnessing the power of nature.
Let us watch the video and find out how these innovations work.
Are you ready?
Now we have already our ideas how the steam drillers and water turbine work.
Class, look at these pictures, can you name them?
Okay, kindly name them Irish.
Very good Irish.
What are the benefits we can get from them?
Can you cite some benefits?
After knowing the benefits of these sources of energy, what do you think will happen if some of these energy sources were not available? What would you do and how would you deal with the problem?
It's really important that we give our care to nature because it is our gift from God and without nature we will not survive.
For you to be more aware about the importance of taking care our environment, we will watch a video entitled "Man ---- Evolution and Pollution" After viewing it, give your reaction about the content of the video.
What can you say about the video presented?
Bravo!
The video revealed to us how gradually modernization can really bring destruction in our surroundings, in nature. It implied also that in the future if we will not act to preserve nature, the new generation will suffer.
The teacher will flash the insight from the video viewed. "Humans are solely responsible for the destruction of the Earth and there is nothing we can do to solve the problem. The damage to nature that mankind has brought is irreversible."
Do you believe that the damage to nature that mankind has brought is irreversible?
What things you can do to prevent the destruction brought by the activities of man?
Brilliant answers class!
What generalization you can give about what you gained from the discussion about man's participation in what's happening at present with Mother Earth?
At this moment class we are equipped with much information about the importance of nature in man's life and the things man can do to preserve nature for the future generation.
Now class I want you to look at the photo I will show, describe the picture and enumerate the things you can see in the picture.
Will you tell something about the photo Abelita.
Very good observation Abelita!
What else can you see in the picture?
Magnificent answer Janet!
What else?
Correct Angelita!
The picture has something to do in our lessons about Naturalism and Realism.
It shows that the man has struggle brought by being in a dark place where in fact he can survive his struggle by simply climbing the ladder for him to be in outer world which is more lighted.
For you to understand deeply Naturalism and Realism, let me first give you a background about the author of our literary text who is known in using these literary theories.
Presentation
Pre-Reading
Unlocking of Difficulties
For this activity, earlier you have pick different colors. Your color corresponds to your group. In order to meet your group mates, you must use different body language to communicate with them. The first group who can complete their groups will receive a price.
The teacher will demonstrate different movements.
All right, in 5 counts. You may go to your groupings.
Bravo…
To check your vocabulary skills, here is your task. This game is what you call "Scavenger's Hunt". You need to find words outside the classroom in 5 minutes. There are 7 words to look for but one word is allotted for each student. As you find the word, present it to me right away.
Are you ready?
Processing the activity.
Now, just choose among the words you've found that correspond to the meaning and picture. Then, after that you're going to construct your own sentence.
Reminder, there are only five words which are included in this activity.
Good job!
Now, let me present to you the writer of our story, Jack London.
Who would like to read his brief account?
At this moment, allow me to introduce to you the author of the literary text that we will be discussing later. Are you ready to listen?
Everyone say hi to Jack London. ( show author's picture)
Let us not have a deeper and closer look to the life of the author.
Would you like to read the first paragraph?
Yes Abelita.
Thank you.
Class, who among of you already experienced working just to help the family in meeting daily needs? Can you share it with the class?
Was it hard?
I really admire your perseverance!
What about the others?
Going back to our author, let us see what happened to him after all the hardship he has faced in his early life. Let us continue reading the next paragraph.
Ok, thank you, now, based form what you have just read, what can be perceived in the life of the author? What do you think is his secret for success?
Exactly! That only means that everything is possible only if you believe.
Now let us explore the different literary theories which had a great influence to our author.
Like what I mentioned earlier, one of the reasons why people loved his work then was because he made his writing real and natural and the readers was really able to related on them.
Let us have the first one. Will you read? Yes Janet.
What about naturalism?
Okay! Very good. Another?
Precisely!
Now, what do you think is the reason why Jack London used naturalism in most of his works?
Correct! That is actually one of the reasons why he writes in the first place.
Since his works seem very natural and real, the other literary theory that inspired him was realism.
Let us now talk about this theory as far as literature is concerned.
That's true. Later on we will find out in our text if the author was really influenced by this theory by examining the characters he used in literary text that we are about to study. But before that let us first go to the last one.
Let us have Social Darwinism. Somebody please read.
Well done!
Social Darwinism was used by London to let the reader be aware that these things really exist in the society. Writing with this kind of theme was his way of favoring the weak group who has been victimized by the selected dominate group.
Do you have any questions so far?
Okay.
Another lesson that I would like to touch before going to literary text, which is actually one of the skills that we need to develop in order to really understand and deeply appreciate any literature is identifying authors' purpose.
Is it really important to identify the authors' purpose in writing a particular text?
Why?
Now, I am convinced that you are really into our discussion.
Let us now proceed. When we say author's purpose, we are probably reminded about the acronym PIE.
Do does PIE mean again?
Well done! You really have a good recall.
So, the very first thing that a writer should do before writing is to have a single purpose in mind.
Today, I will be giving some tips on how to figure out the author's purpose.
Will you read number one. Yes Erica.
Would you like to explain the first strategy?
Great job! As readers, we should always bear in mind that the author wrote for a reason, so it is our task to discover or identify that reason.
Let us now proceed to the second strategy. Yes Emily.
Correct! What about the structure? Any wild guess?
Ok, let me put it this way, authors use different structures such as sequence, problem and solution, compare and contrast. It really depends on what the author would like to convey.
Yes! I knew you can do it! That is exactly what I am referring to. Readers should always be aware of the structure or how the ideas were arranged by the author so they can easily understand a particular reading text.
The third one is get to the heart. Who wants to explain?
Well, that is what you called reading with the heart. For an author to be very effective, he should also learn to write with the heart.
Reading Activity
You may now read silently the story "To Build a Fire". I'll just give you 8 minutes in reading the story. And after, you will be watching the short film of "To Build a Fire" and be ready with some task to accomplish.
Guide Questions:
How would you describe the man in the story?
How experienced and well prepared for this journey is the man?
Do you think a guide or a map would be handy to have?
Being alone in the wilderness raises lots of concerns. In what order would you look to satisfy your survival needs? Food, water, fire, shelter. Which is the most urgent? Why?
List at least three things the traveler does wrong.
Post Reading Activity
PICTIONARY
Divide the class into Teams A and B. Team A sits in a group on one side of the classroom, Team B sits on the other side. One member from each team goes to the board. The teacher flashes them a word, phrase, or expression written on a piece of paper. The students have one minute to get their respective team to say the item only by drawing pictorial clues on the board. Written words, verbal clues, or gestures are forbidden. The first team to say the word scores a point.
Correctly guessed words will be posted on the board. Students will be asked to define the words
Character
Conflict
Theme
Setting
Plot
b. Discussion of the different elements of a short story and Plot structure using a power point presentation
So, let's find out if you really understand the content of the story. But before that let me first explain the elements of a short story. In your groups, Red team will construct any graphic organizer on setting and character, Blue team will work on the conflict of the story by choosing an OPM/foreign song that would perform in front of the class, the Yellow will present the plot by demonstrating the mannequin challenge while the Green team will make a slogan that talks about the theme of the story.
You have 10 minutes to prepare your presentation.
Good morning Ma'am!
Ma'am I will lead the prayer.
In the name of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit….
(The students will do the sign of the cross.)
''Our Father in heaven,
hallowed be your name, your kingdom come, your will be done,
on earth as it is in heaven. Give us today our daily bread. And forgive us our debts, as we also have forgiven our debtors. And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from the evil one."
Amen.
(Students will arrange their chairs and clean their place.)
Ma'am, no one is absent today.
Ma'am!
I will not throw the recyclable materials; instead I will make something new out of them.
Ma'am I will conserve water.
(The student will read the quotation.)
"If I were to name the three most precious resources of life, I should say books, friends, and nature; and the greatest of these, at least the most constant and always at hand, is nature."- John Burroughs (American Naturalist, 1837-1921)
The students will show eagerness in giving their insights about the quotation)
Ma'am, for me it tells that nature is the most important possession we have because we can always rely on it, nature is easily accessible.
Ma'am, nature affects my everyday life; it can affect my mood and my health.
(The students will look at the pictures paying their attention to the ingredients of each herbal product)
Yes ma'am!
Steam drillers and water turbine ma'am.
Yes ma'am, we are ready.
Yes ma'am!
Wind energy, geothermal energy, hydro energy, and solar energy.
Yes ma'am!
We can conserve the use of electricity by means of these sources of energy.
(Students will give their answers)
(Students will give their answers.)
Ma'am, it is about how industrialization affects our environment.
No mam, we can still make it reversible if only man will begin to act.
We can reduce, reuse, and recycle.
Yes ma'am, we're ready!
(The students will share their ideas.)
(The class will look at the picture)
Ma'am in the photo, we can see a man who is in a dark place and he made a fire out of the pieces of woods from the ladder.
Ma'am, on the other side we can see the outer world and in order to be there the man needs to use the ladder.
Ma'am, the man can no longer go to the other side because he used the pieces of woods from the ladder to build fire.
The students show their different moves.
Yes Ma'am.
1.
trail
2.
stream
3.
tremendous
4.
avalanche
5.
throttle
Jack London was born in San Francisco in 1876.
During his early life, his family struggled and they were very poor. They continually moved to find a way to make ends meet. He started working by selling newspaper when he was only 10 years old to help supplement the family's income. He did anything and everything he could to get paid. Some jobs were adventurous in places like Alaska. He could not forget the suffering of his early life. His family struggles and poverty stimulated his interest in knowledge and hunger for success.
Yes ma'am. I remember applying for a job last summer. I did that so i will be able to save money and provide for my schooling.
Yes ma'am, but because did not want to stop, I endured the hardship and now i am already in grade 10 and hopefully be a completer at the end of the school year.
Jack London's first success at writing came at the age of 24 and by the age of 29, he was already internationally famous for The Call of the Wind and The Sea Wolf, among other journalistic accomplishments. He became the highest paid, most popular novelist and short-story writer of his time. He wrote passionately about life and death. He waived his firsthand experiences at sea, in Alaska, and coal mining into his writings. His writing became appealing to people for they seem to be very natural and real.
Well, the author is driven. He had a goal. He knew what he wanted. He didn't let life's challenges hinder him from getting what he wanted; knowledge and success.
Naturalism.
Naturalism was a literary movement from the 19th century that used detailed realism to suggest that social conditions, heredity and environment and these ultimately shaped human character.
It is determination over free will.
It talks about survival.
It talks about the indifference of the environment.
In literature, the author often uses man vs. Nature type of conflict.
Because he wanted to share his real life experience to the readers for it was discussed that he had very challenging experience in his earlier life.
Realism is an art movement in in 19th century. It portrays what truly is. It also believe that reality lies outside the human mind.
Realism focuses on the things that can be observed as well as things that exist independently of what the human mind believes to be true.
Realism gave way to merchants, farmers, laborers, bakers and ordinary people as protagonists.
It often depicts the struggles of this ordinary people.
Social Darwinism is a literary theory believing that one ethnic group or race is superior to others.
Essentially, this theory prescribes natural selection. It selects certain ethnic group or human race with strong traits to dominate weaker ones. Basically, it is the survival of the fittest.
None ma'am.
Yes ma'am!
Because like what you have made mention ma'am, identifying author's purpose in writing will make us understand and appreciate the text deeper and better.
Persuade, Inform, And Entertain.
Start with why
Ma'am, why is a core question that we should ask in order to identify the author's purpose. If we are able to at least answer our whys when reading, there is a big possibility that we will able to get the very purpose of the author in writing such selection.
Talk about the structure.
No idea ma'am.
So it means ma'am that in writing, we should follow a particular structure, order or arrangement so that the readers can easily follow and make sure that the purpose of the writing is served.
Ma'am based on my experience, whenever I read especially when the text is interesting, I get to feel every single word the author wrote.
There are also times when these feelings stay in my heart and in my mind for a couple of days.
I really get affected.
1. The man: This is the main character. He is traveling alone with his dog to meet up with his friends who are at camp. He thinks he is smarter and tougher than nature but he finds out the hard way he isn't.
2. The experience is extremely dangerous because of the whether condition. He was able to build a fire but this was not good enough to save him from death. His preparedness was shown by having with him foods to eat and matches to build fire.
Having a guide or a map is a useful tool when plan to travel, but this is not enough to make you safe and survive. Family or friends with you is much important to have a safe travel.
The order of the survival needs may be in this way; fire, food, water and shelter. The most important need in the travel of the unnamed man is the fire. The fire will make him survive because this will make him feel warm.
1. The traveler did not listen to the old man who warned him that it will be dangerous to travel alone. 2. The man did not build a good fire by the time he was near to his death. 3. The man thought to kill the dog for his own sake.
A character is a person, or sometimes even an animal, who takes part in the action of a short story or other literary work.
The struggle between two opposing forces
The central idea of the story
The place, time and mood of the story
The series of events in the story
ClimaxClimax
Climax
Climax
Rising ActionRising Action
Rising Action
Rising Action
Falling ActionFalling Action
Falling Action
Falling Action
DenouementDenouementExpositionExposition
Denouement
Denouement
Exposition
Exposition
Presentation of each groups…