1
Karmela L.
2
2
3
Tables of Contents
I. Project Introduction
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4
II. Statement of the Problem
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5
III. Terms Terms of Reference
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6
III.1 Review of Related Literature Literature
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III.1.1 Fire Station
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6
III. 1.2 Barangay Hall
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23
III.2 Review of Related Study
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27
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27
III.2.1 Fire Station
6
III.2.1.1 Foreign Study
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27
III.2.1.2 Local Study
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28
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29
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29
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III.2.2 Barangay Hall III.2.2.1 Local Case Study IV. Site Presentation and Analsis
IV.1 IV.1 Site Analysis
4
I.1.1 Site In!estigation and "nalysis
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I.1.1.2 Hydrology and Sur%ace &rainage "nalysis ---------------------------------------------------------------
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I.1.1.3 isual "nalysis
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!4
I.1.1.' egetation "nalysis
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!5
I.1.1.( egetation "nalysis
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!6
I.1.1.1 #icro-cli$ate "nalysis
I.1.1.6 Site Features and "$enities "nalysis
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37
IV.1.2 Site S..!." Analysis
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!%
IV.1.# $on%e&tual Site 'evelo&(ent )lan
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#9
V. S&ace Pro'rammin'
V.1 S&a%e *atri+ V. 2 Bu,,le 'iagra( V. # 'evelo&(ent of S&a%e Reuire(ents
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4"
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2
VI. (esi'n )rame*or+
VI. 1 'esign )/iloso&/y
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I.1.1 "rc)itect "d$ired %or ernacular "rc)itecture
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# 44
5
VI. 2 )ro0e%t 'esign $on%e&t
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45
I.2.1 Co$$unity Center
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46
I. 2.2 *se o% Co$$unity Center
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I. 2.3 +ature o% t)e ,roect
'6
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4,
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'8
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4
VI.# or( ins&iration I.3.1 !olution o% For$ VI. Su,tra%tive Additive or !,0e%tive3o,0e%t Ins&ired I. ( "rc)itecture style
VII. References
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(/
I. (.1 Interior
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(1
I. (.2 0terior
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(1
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5$
6
" :arangay )all is t)e seat o% local
;)e earliest residents o% "5ayao ,ro!ince
go!ern$ent %or t)e :arangay t)e loest elected
Cordillera "d$inistrati!e
ad$inistrati!e di!ision o% t)e ,)ili55ines :elo
re$aining tri:es in Luon t)e Isneg are a s$all
t)at
et)noliguistic
I. Project Introduction
" %ire station also called a %ire )ouse %ire )all or %ire$ens )all4 is a structure or ot)er area set aside %or storage o% %ire %ig)ting a55aratus suc) as %ire engines and related !e)icles 5ersonal 5rotecti!e eui5$ent %ire )oses and ot)er s5ecialied
eui5$ent.
It
$ay
also
)a!e
dor$itory li!ing %acilities and or areas %or t)e use o% %ire %ig)ters. Li!ing areas are so$eti$es arranged a:o!e t)e garage :ays )ere 5ersonnel it)out s5eci%ic station duties during t)e nig)t s)i%t are alloed to slee5 unless a dis5atc) is called. In t)at situation %ire %ig)ters $ay )a!e s5ecial $eans to allo entry to t)e ground %loor uicly )en a call %or )el5 is recei!ed.
o%
a
,)ili55ine
city
or ,)ili55ine
grou5
in)a:iting
t)e
ide
$unici5ality. ;)e :arangay ca5tain t)e )ead o%
$ountains o% t)e area. ;)ey are concentrated
t)e :arangay go!ern$ent ill o%ten )old o%%ice
$ainly in t)e $unici5alities o% =a:ugao Conner
t)ere.
t)e
Luna and ,udtol. arious na$es )a!e :een used
Barangay ill also )old its
to di%%erentiate t)e Isneg. ;)e S5aniards re%erred
$eetings t)ere. ;)e :arangay )all also ser!es as a
to t)e$ as los "5ayaos re%erring to t)e ri!er
local co$$unity center o%ten 5ro!iding s5ace %or
along )ic) t)ey li!e4 and los #andayas taen
:ot) 5er$anent and te$5orary ser!ices and
%ro$ t)e Isneg ter$ $eaning >u5strea$?4. Isnag
e!ents. ;)e :arangays day care center and o%%ice
t)e Isneg language is s5oen :y around 3/////
s5ace %or t)e tanods and t)e :arangay )ealt)
5eo5le. ;)ey also s5ea Ilocano.
;)e
Sangguniang
orers
are
elected
o%ten
:arangay
located
council
t)ere.
#edical
$issions religious ser!ices %iestas and s5orts contests are o%ten )eld at or ne0t to t)e :arangay )all.
;)e Isneg settle$ents are $ostly along t)e ri!er :ut t)ey do %ar$ing u5 t)e )ills at certain ti$es o% year. ;)eir !illages are s$all and
7
)ouses
close
and
Ha!ing %ire station $eans )a!ing a
co$5anions)i5. ;)e traditional )ouse sits on %our
5rotection to 5eo5les 5ro5erty and li%e against
large
t)e cala$ity o% %ire. " co$$unity in t)e $idst o%
ooden
toget)er
5osts
%or
and
security
)as
colour%ul
adorn$ents.
t)e $ountain ill )a!e a )ard ti$e e0tinguis)ing %ire. ;)e %ire %ig)ting a55aratus greatly )el5 in
;ri:e settle$ents in $ountains lacs o% t)e ser!ice %ro$ t)e ton t)us so$e e$ergencies
su:duing t)e %ire also t)is loer t)e 5ossi:ility
in a co$$unity. Furt)er$ore so$e uestion $ay %ollo asA 1. )y is t)ere a need %or t)is ind o% %acility 2. Is t)ere is enoug) s5ace allocations %or t)e 5roect
o% total destruction o% t)e )ouses.
ere not res5onded resulting to casualties. ;)e
3. Is t)e 5roect suita:le to :e :uild on t)e
tri:e lac t)e $eans o% su:duing t)e %ire lie a
Barangay )all ser!es as t)e $eeting )all
%ire$en in t)e %ire station. @oing don t)e
o% t)e :arangay o%%icers )a!ing a $eeting 5lace
$ountain to attend $eeting causes incon!enience
encourages t)e o%%icers to attend t)us so$e
since it ould tae a lot o% ti$e and energy.
5ro:le$s in t)e co$$unity ill :e discussed and
Ha!ing t)eir on :arangay )all ould 5ro5erly
5ro5osed idea ill co$e u5. "lso )a!ing
:ene%it t)e$.
:arangay )all in!ite $edical $issions and
location in ter$s o%D 3.1 n!iron$ent 3.2 ;errain andD 3.3Co$$unity
religious ser!ices. Furt)er$ore it can also add to ;)e 5roects location ill :e in &i:agat =a:ugao "5ayao ,)ili55ines. a:out 2'1 $i or
t)e entertain$ent o% t)e 5eo5le due %iesta e!ents t)at can :e )eld in t)e :arangay )all.
'. Is t)ere a solution %ro$ t)e %olloing r0isting 5ro:le$s on t)e ,)ili55ines
387 $4 +ort) o% #anila. ;)e location is near t)e &i:agat ri!er )ic) is only accesi:le :y canoe or
II. Statement of the Problem
'.1 ater 5i5e syste$
:y s5ecialied aircra%t. ;)e =a:ugao is a $ountainous area t)ere%oroe &i:agat is in t)e $idst o% t)e $ountain on )ic) Isneg settle$ents located at.
;)e researc) 5a5er ai$s to discuss t)e
'.2 #aintenance
oint :uilding o% a %ire station and :arangay )all '.3 noug) racs %or t)e %ire stations eui5$ent andD
8
'.' &i!ision :eteen t)e #ales and
A. (esi'n Considerations
•
Fe$ales in t)e li!ing uarters
"!oid institutional and unnatural %inis)es te0tures and colors.
=ey design goals and considerations %or %ire stations include t)e %olloingA
A.2 *aintain a Safe and Healt/y 5nviron(ent "s
A.1 )ro(ote !%%u&ant 4uality of Life
a:o!e
due
to
t)e
continuous
occu5ation o% t)e %acility :y %ire%ig)ters and t)e
Fire stations are occu5ied 2' )ours a day
5resence o% )aardous $aterials s5ecial attention
se!en days a ee :y 5ersonnel in continuous
$ust :e gi!en to designing t)e %acility to
2'-)our s)i%ts. ;)ere%ore ensuring a co$%orta:le
acco$$odate
li!ing
strategies to :ot) 5rotect t)e occu5ants and
en!iron$ent
%or
t)e
%ire%ig)ters
is
eui5$ent
and
o5erational
$aintain a )ealt)y en!iron$ent. Consider t)e
5ara$ountA
%olloing critical ele$entsA •
,ro!ide a$5le natural lig)t. •
•
III. Reie* of the Related /iterature and
secure
%acility
%or
:ot)
5ersonnel and $aterials suc) as controlled
allos.
$edical su55lies and )aardous %ire su55ression agents.
•
,ro!ide
a$5le recreation
areas
and
se5arate noisy areas suc) as a ga$e roo$4 %ro$ uieter areas suc) as a tele!ision roo$4.
III.#.$ )ire Station
a
,ro!ide indi!idual dor$ roo$s i% :udget
Stud III.# Reie* of the Related /iterature
,ro!ide
•
*se non-to0ic :uilding $aterials and i$5ro!ed $aintenance 5ractices.
9
•
•
nsure good indoor air uality and
•
&esign %or t)e c)anging nature o% or .
a:undant natural lig)t in t)e residential
:ureau t)e 5ersonnel de5art$ent t)e %ire
and ad$inistrati!e areas.
in!estigation :ureau and t)e $edical o%%icer. ;)e
nsure good !entilation o% industrial areas
e0act %acilities needed ill !ery it) t)e
0. (esi'n 1uidelines
organiation o% t)e indi!idual de5art$ent. It is
suc) as t)e a55aratus :ay and 5re!ent conta$ination o% clean s5aces suc) as t)e
B.1 ire 'e&art(ent Stations and Buildings Fire
SCB" $aintenance areas.
de5art$ent
:uildings
include
ad$inistrati!e o%%icesD stations )ouses or •
nsure t)at eui5$ent %urnis)ings and
)alls )ousing t)e a55aratus and eui5$entD %ire
%inis)es do not contain as:estos or lead.
alar$ and co$$unications centersD %ire training %acilitiesD and $aintenance and su55ly %acilities
A.# 5nsure le+i,ility
including
s)o5s
and
storeroo$s.
In so$e
"s %ire %ig)ting tec)nology e!ol!es %ire
relati!ely s$all %ire de5art$ents all or se!eral o%
stations need to e!ol!e as ell. Consider t)e
t)ese %unctions inso%ar as 5ro!ided $ay :e
%olloing areasA
)oused in one %acility.
•
,lan %or 5otential e05ansion :ot) in t)e a55aratus :ay area and t)e residential areas.
•
5lanning and researc) sta%% t)e :udget or %iscal
nsure
a55ro5riate
integration.
5roductEsyste$s
B.2 Ad(inistrative !ffi%es ;)e ad$inistrati!e o%%ices $ay :e )oused
desira:le to arrange t)e )eaduarters o%%ices so t)at t)e general 5u:lic ill not )a!e to 5ass t)roug) t)e a55aratus roo$ or %ire %ig)ters uarters to reac) t)e o%%ices. B.# ire Stations B.#.1 6eneral ;)ere are to ty5es o% %ire )ousesA one is o5erated :y a 5aid %ire de5art$ent t)e ot)er :y !olunteers. ui5$ent %or :ot) is essentially t)e sa$e. &i%%erences occur in %acilities 5ro!ided %or 5ersonnel.
.#odern 5ractice is to grou5
co$5anies and a55aratus needed to 5rotect a
in a $unici5al o%%ice :uilding or city )all or et a
gi!en neig):or)ood in order to 5ro!ide :etter
)eaduarters or central %ire station. Headuarters
tea$or and ad$inistrati!e control. #ost %ire
$ay include o%%ices and %acilities %or t)e c)ie% o%
stations )ouse at least one 5u$5er co$5any it)
de5art$ent t)e %ire 5re!ention di!ision t)e
its assigned %irst line and reser!e a55aratus and
10
ot)er co$5anies including aerial ladder aerial
le$ents o% %ire )ouse design are s)on
alar$s. S5ace is needed along alls %or clot)ing
5lat%or$ suad rescue sal!age and !arious
in Fig. 1 . "ll %acilities indicated are desira:le :ut
racs slo5 sins :attery c)argers ater tan %ill
au0iliary ty5es o% a55aratus. "$5le s5ace is
not
connections etc. S5ace s)ould :e 5ro!ided %or
needed %or reser!e a55aratus :ot) to 5ro!ide a
co$5any generally consists o% 1' $en D in a
)ose storage racs it)out o:structing access to
re5lace$ent )en needed and as eui5$ent %or
!olunteer de5art$ent uarters are 5ro!ided %or
a55aratus.
use
5aid dri!ers only.
;a:le
1
gi!es
sies
:y o%%-duty 5ersonnel
recalled
in an
$andatory.
In
5aid
de5art$ents
one
e$ergency. Far too $any %ire stations )a!e outgron
B.#.2 A&&aratus Roo(s
o% a55aratus.
t)eir use%ulness :ecause inadeuate consideration
It is 5re%era:le t)at t)e a55aratus %loor :e
Floor
as gi!en to t)e %uture needs o% t)e district . ;)e
uno:structed :y colu$ns. Future use o% t)e s5ace
s)ould :e o%
cost o% 5ro!iding adeuate a55aratus storage
s)ould not :e circu$scri:ed :y )a!ing $aor
concrete
s5ace is relati!ely $odest )en co$5ared it)
roo$s 5rotrude into t)e a55aratus storage area .
designed to
t)e total cost o% a %ire station %acility . " desira:le
For $ultitrac stations a $ini$u$ idt) o% 2/ %t
carry a load
5olicy is to 5ro!ide an a55aratus roo$ large
5er trac is
o% 12( I: 5er
enoug) to )ouse at least si0 $aor %ire de5art$ent
reco$$ended. ;)is s)ould :e increased to at
a %t .
!e)icles. !en )ere it is intended initially to
least 2'-%t idt) %or a single-trac station. "
)ouse a single %irst line 5iece o% a55aratus a
suggested desira:le uno:structed de5t) is 8/ %t
sur%aces s)ould :e o% an easily cleaned $aterial
5rudent $ini$u$ ould :e a to-trac station
it) ceiling )eig)t o% 13 %t $ini$u$4.
and %loor s)ould )a!e su%%icient drains to 5er$it
all
ca5a:le o% )ousing to %irst line and to reser!e
"$5le s5ace is needed to 5er$it or
%lus)ing it) )ose . Hot and cold ater
or s5ecial-duty 5ieces. S5ace s)ould also :e
around t)e a55aratus c)anging o% )ose 5utting
5ro!ided %or additional $en )o ill :e needed
on %ire clot)ing )en res5onding and to 5er$it
I% a55aratus roo$ is to :e used %or re5airs
)en %urt)er a55aratus is o:tained .
%ree $o!e$ent o% 5ersonnel )en ansering
5ro!ide a re5air 5it. "lso car:on $ono0ide gases
connections are needed at center o% aide alls.
11
)a!e to :e e0)austed to outside usually :y $eans
5lat%or$ raised 6 in . a:o!e a55aratus roo$ %loor
o% under-%loor 5i5ing to )ic) $otor e0)aust
)i'ure # 2lements of a )irehouse
it) %le0i:le tu:ing .
to allo $an on duty to re$ain during cleaning .
Floors o% closets toilets oil roo$ stair landings
at least 6 in . %or 5rotection against gas.4
etc. s)ould also :e raised %or sa$e reason .
$ay
:e connected
olunteer
Fire stations s)ould )a!e adeuate o%%ice
%ire de5art$ents %reuently
s5ace and %acilities %or all o%%icers on duty. ;)is
reuire ot)er %acilities at t)eir stations including
includes not only t)e !arious co$5any o%%icers
social
:ut o%%ices and uarters %or district and de5uty
%acilities and ladies clu: roo$s or lounges
c)ie%s . "$ong t)e ot)er %acilities needed in %ire
5articularly )ere t)e !olunteer %ire co$5anys
stations are a atc) roo$ a dor$itory a locer
uarters ser!e as a co$$unity center.
and as)roo$ storeroo$s study roo$s a
B.#.# A&&aratus Roo( 'oors
itc)en recreation roo$ and )ose drying %acilities. ;)e atc) roo$ s)ould :e so located t)at t)e $an on 5atrol can see t)e a55aratus %loor o:ser!e all 5ersons entering t)e :uilding and 5re%era:ly see t)e street in %ront o% t)e 5ro5erty. It s)ould :e t)e center o% t)e stations %ire alar$ %acilities and )a!e %acilities %or turning on )ouse lig)ts and alerting and dis5atc)ing %ire %ig)ters . I% a atc) des is to :e used it s)ould :e on
)alls
or
$eeting
roo$s
recreation
&oors %or %ire a55aratus s)ould :e large enoug) to 5er$it uic 5assage it)out accident. "n o5ening at least 1' %t : y 1' % t is reco$$ended.
12
Table # )ire A&&aratus Si3es
ote8 "urning radius varies fro( 2 to : ft a%%ording to ty&e and (a;e. <$a,over- engine< ty&e of a&&aratus is slig/tly s/orter over all. illage-Sie ,u$5ing ngine (// g.5 .$ . Lengt) o!er all idt) o!er all Heig)t o!er all ;ri5le Co$:ination ,u$5ing ngine 7(/ g.5 .$ . $ost used4 Lengt) o!er all idt) o!er all Heig)t o!er all Hoo-and-ladder ;ruc re$o!a:le )and-raised ladders4 Lengt) o!er all idt) o!er all Heig)t o!er all Hoo-and-ladder "erial ;ruc '-)eel ty5e4 Lengt) o!er all idt) o!er all Heig)t o!er all Hoo-and-Lodder "erial ;ruc tractor-dran ty5e 6-)eel4 Lengt) o!er all idt) o!er all Heig)t o!er all Clearance reuired
2'-/ 2'-/ 2'-/ 28-/ 28-/ 28-/ '1-3 8-/ 7-3 (8-9 8-/ 8-7
Figure 2 s)os suggested $ini$u$ s5ace B.#. 'esigns for Stations
63-6 8-/ 8-7 12-/ s)a5e
o%
t)e
lot
$ay
!er y
it)
local
reuire$ents %or a district %ire station intended
circu$stances :ut it is considered !ery 5oor
%or ur:an or su:ur:an ser!ice )ere t)e station is
5ractice to start it) a lot o% inadeuate sie . "
to :e $ainly $anned :y %ull-5aid 5ersonnel . ;)e
larger lot tends to )a!e considera:ly $ore reuse
13
or resale !alue at suc) ti$e as it $ay :e desired to add to t)e %ire de5art$ent %acilities or to relocate t)e station . ;)e 5lan %or an ur:an station s)on in Fig .' 5ro!ides s5ace %or to 5u$5er co$5anies
)i' . $ Plot &lan for a t&ical district fire station for urban and suburban serices. inimumrecommended
)i' . ! Plot &lan for a t&ical rural fire station . inimum recommended &lot si3e is 4!$"" s ft.
or a 5u$5er co$5any and a suad co$5any4 5lus an aerial ladder or aerial 5lat%or$ co$5any. S5ace is 5ro!ided %or reser!e a55aratus to :e $anned :y o%%-s)i%t 5ersonnel )en needed . I%
desired to-5iece engine or truc co$5anies can
*nless reuired :y t)e terrain or grade a
:e o5erated out o% suc) a station. Se5arate
:ase$ent is not reco$$ended under t)e $ain
uarters it) a garage are 5ro!ided %or t)e
a55aratus roo$ as t)is tends to add $aterially to
district %ire c)ie% so t)at )e can co$e and go
t)e cost . Hoe!er )ere t)e terrain snaes a :ase$ent necessary t)e $ain a55aratus roo$ $ay :e reduced in sie and a garage %or reser!e a55aratus 5ro!ided on t)e loer le!el. "
it)out o5ening u5 or lig)ting t)e $ain station
:ase$ent $ay :e desira:le under t)e li!ing
and so t)at $aor a55aratus can :e taen out
uarters to 5ro!ide roo$ %or )eating eui5$ent
it)out $o!ing t)e c)ie%s car.
storage and ot)er %acilities.
14
;)e a55aratus area s)ould :e o% $odern
t)eir stations and )a!e :een %orced to lea!e 5art
line can lea!e t)e :uilding in e!ent o% $ec)anical
garage-ty5e construction . It is good 5ractice to
o% t)eir a55aratus
%ailure o% a %irst-line 5iece . In so$e cases )ere
5ro!ide auto$atic s5rinlers %or a %ire de5art$ent
outside or in a 5ri!ate garage )ere it is not
t)e lot )as a long road %rontage it $ay :e
station . ;)is )as training !alue as ell as
readily a!aila:le %or use or under close %ire
desira:le to 5ro!ide $ore a55aratus doors %acing
5ro!iding %ire 5rotection %or a ty5e o% garage
de5art$ent su5er!ision .
t)e road and to reduce t)e de5t) o% t)e :uilding to
occu5ancy )ic) )as a rat)er 5oor %ire record .
"deuate $eeting roo$ s5ace is needed
a:out (/ %t . Hoe!er care s)ould :e taen to
;)e )eat %or t)e garage area )ere reuired4
it) 5ro5er e0it %acilities . ;)e station s)ould :e
allo a$5le de5t) %or $aor a55aratus )ic)
$ay :e controlled :y a se5arate t)er$ostat %ro$
located on a 5lot large enoug) to 5er$it dou:ling
$ay :e 5urc)ased suc) as large nurse taners
t)e co$5any uarters . )ere a )ose drying
t)e a55aratus roo$ )en t)e de5art$ent gros
or a55aratus it) long ladders or an aerial
toer is 5ro!ided see +F," +o. 1984 it $ay also
and to 5ro!ide %uture o%%ice s5ace and uarters
5lat%or$ . +or$ally %ire stations are e05ected to
:e eui55ed as a drill For a rural %ire station
%or
gi!e (/ to 6/ years o% ser!ice and )at starts as
$anned c)ie%ly :y call or !olunteer %ire$en
su:seuently e$5loyed .
5aid
a55aratus
dri!ers
)o
$ay
:e
a 5urely rural district %ire station o%ten )as $aor
Fig . (4 s5ace s)ould :e 5ro!ided initially %or
It is :ad 5ractice to crod t)ree 5ieces o%
5ro5erties to 5rotect as :usiness and industry
not less t)an %our 5ieces o% $aor a55aratus
a55aratus a:reast in s5ace designed %or to
$o!e into t)e area . ;)is $ay reuire %acilities to
including a 5u$5er ater taner :ooster suad
trucs D t)is slos res5onse and $aes it di%%icult
)ouse additional
or %orest %ire truc and a reser!e 5u$5er or
to 5ro5erly ser!ice a55aratus .
$aor a55aratus and $an5oer .
second taner . G%ten a rescue truc or
In Figs . ' and ( a55aratus doors are
a$:ulance also $ust :e )oused . Far too $any
s)on at t)e %ront and rear o% t)e stations . ;)ese
rural %ire de5art$ents )a!e uicly outgron
are desira:le so t)at t)e a55aratus in t)e second
15
Fig. 4 Elevation and plan view of a typical urban fire station
Fig. 5 Elevation and plan ie* of a typical rural fire station.
16
B.#.= )ar;ing a%ilities
alar$s. )ere t)e %ire alar$ o%%ice is 5art o% a
D. Fire Training Facilities
,aring areas %or %ire$ens cars s)ould
%ire station or ad$inistration :uilding it s)ould
not :e o!erlooed . ;)e station s)ould )a!e a
:e isolated %ro$ t)e rest o% t)e structure and
5aring area large enoug) to 5ro!ide o%%-street
5rotected against all )aards :ot) internal and
5aring %or eac) %ire$an on duty or sc)eduled to
e0ternal. "$5le e$ergency 5oer s)ould :e
%acilities in eac) %ire station . " %ire training
res5ond to %ires . )ere call or !olunteer %ire$en
5ro!ided so t)at t)e station and co$$unications
center s)ould include adeuate classroo$s and
are to res5ond to t)e station to $an a55aratus
eui5$ent can continue to o5erate s)ould outside
training aids . ;)e :etter training centers )a!e an
a$5le 5aring s5ace s)ould :e 5ro!ided adacent
5oer %ail .
a55aratus roo$ )ere $aor a55aratus can :e
to t)e %ront o% t)e station . it) 5aid de5art$ents 5aring s)ould :e at t)e sides or rear . "dditional yard s5ace s)ould :e 5ro!ided %or co$5any drill or . Figures 2 and 3 s)o 5lot 5lans %or ur:an and rural stations res5ecti!ely . ;)e a5ron or ra$5 in %ront o% t)e station s)ould :e large enoug) to 5er$it as)ing o% a55aratus and sa%e entry o% !e)icles into tra%%ic . C. Fire Alarm and Communications Buildings
;)e co$$unications :uilding or %ire
;)e co$$unications o%%ice includes t)e o5erating roo$ )ere all alar$s are recei!ed and trans$itted to t)e de5art$ent . It also s)ould )a!e
t)e
tele5)one
sitc):oard
%or
t)e
de5art$ent t)e radio control console !oice a$5li%ication controls %ire alar$ circuit 5anels and test eui5$ent . Freuently a central console is
5ro!ided
controls
and
containing
all co$$unications
in%or$ation
needed
:y
t)e
Facilities needed %or t)e %ire de5art$ent training 5rogra$ include study roo$s and li:rary
:roug)t indoors %or instruction 5ur5oses and t)e o5eration o% !arious ite$s o% %ire 5rotection eui5$ent )ydrants %ire alar$ and auto$atic s5rinlers4 can :e de$onstrated .
Gt)er
desira:le %eatures include an auditoriu$ )ere !arious %ire 5rotection con%erences and training $eetings can :e )eld %acilities %or 5re5aration and
re5roduction o% training
$anuals
and
:ulletins and a %ire 5rotection li:rary. Gutdoor training %acilities s)ould include
dis5atc)ers . ;)ere s)ould :e an o%%ice %or t)e %ire alar$ su5erintendent dra%ting roo$ %or 5lans
large
%ire-resisti!e
:attery roo$ storeroo$s %or %ire alar$ su55lies
de$onstrations and 5ractice %ires a drill toer
construction and isolated %ro$ all )aards t)at
garage %or %ire alar$ !e)icles and %acilities %or
%or )ose and ladder e!olutions tans %or 5ractice
$ig)t inter%ere it) t)e 5ro$5t trans$ission o%
%ire alar$ 5ersonnel .
on %la$$a:le liuids %ires electrical and gas
alar$
o%%ice
s)ould
:e
o%
grounds
it)
!arious
structures
%or
17
utility installations %or %ire training 5ur5oses
ears o% study and e05erience
)ydrants and 5u$5er suction %acilities and ot)er
)a!e $ade it a55arent t)at :y 5lanning a
5ur5oses in %ire%ig)ting needs into t)e %ire)ouse
eui5$ent du5licating situations t)at $ay :e
%ire)ouse 5ro5erly a sa%er and uicer turnout
5lan.
encountered at %ires . )en an indi!idual %ire
can :e $ade. ;)is is acco$5lis)ed 5ri$arily :y
de5art$ent is too s$all to 5ro!ide all t)e
arranging
necessary training %acilities t)e 5ractice is to
%ire)ouse to :e as direct as 5ossi:le. ;)e
su55le$ent t)e local training 5rogra$ :y use o%
integration o% t)e 5ri$ary adacency conce5t
regional or state %ire sc)ools )ic) do 5ro!ide
%or
$ore adeuate %acilities and curricula . ;)e
considera:ly %ro$ t)e turnout ti$e :y grou5ing
+F," :oo Fire$ens ;raining Centers gi!es
t)e %ire%ig)ting 5ersonnel in t)e )ig)est acti!ity
additional suggestions %or 5lanning suc) %acilities
areas o% t)e %ire)ouse. ;urnout ti$e along it)
and contains illustrations o% so$e ty5ical centers .
dis5atc)ing ti$e and tra!el ti$e are t)ree o% t)e
2. aintenance )acilities and Sho&s
Facilities %or $aintenance and re5air or on %ire a55aratus s)ould :e 5ro!ided . " re5air s)o5 includes an area )ere $aor a55aratus including ladder trucs can :e ser!iced and re5aired . ). )irehouse Plannin'
tra%%ic
5lanning
%lo
t)e
5atterns it)in
%ire)ouse
ill
t)e
deduct
gy$nasiu$-lie
area
%or
5)ysical
%itness
F.1 Concept Planning for the Firehouse and Plan Types
;)e one-story %ire)ouse )as a series o% 5lan ty5es )ic) can :e categoried in t)e %olloing $annerA .1.2 !ne-ay Straddle of t/e A&&aratus Area "ll o% t)e su55ort %unctions %or t)is 5lan
ey ele$ents in t)e success%ul contain$ent o%
ty5e are located to t)e le%t or rig)t o% t)e
%ire )ic) is one o% t)e 5ri$ary goals o% a
a55aratus area. ;)is 5lan ty5e is t)e least
%ire%ig)ting unit. ;)e i$5ro!e$ents in %ire)ouse
desira:le in t)at t)e 5lan )as t)e longest tra!el
5lanning )a!e created a total u5grading o% )u$an
distances to reac) t)e a55aratus area and
co$%orts it) great e$5)asis on 5)ysical %itness.
t)ere%ore odds to t)e turnout ti$e o% t)e %ire
;)ese
co$5any.
include
ell-5lanned
itc)ens
air
conditioning :etter lig)ting ell-5lanned toilets)oer %acilities and dor$itory s5aces acoustical i$5ro!e$ents
sa%ety
5lanning
t)e
and
%eatures
in
integration
o%
:uilding a
s$all
.1.2 "wo-ay > ra&around of A&&aratus Area ;)is 5lan ty5e is t)e $ost desira:le %or 5ur5oses o% $ini$iing t)e turnout ti$e in %ire)ouse 5lanning. *sing t)e sa$e gross area %or
18
t)e standard to-co$5any unit it 5laces all areas
)ere!er 5ossi:le t)e land s)ould 5ossess e$5ty
at t)e s)ortest 5ossi:le distance %ro$ t)e
lot %or e$ergency 5ur5oses.
res5onding a55aratus. "not)er ey ele$ent in
).$. Adjacenc Relationshi&s for S&ace
t)is ty5e o% 5lanning conce5t is t)at it se5arates
Plannin' of a )irehouse
t)e noisy areas o% t)e %ire)ouse %ro$ t)e uiet
;)e ey conce5t in 5lanning a %ire)ouse
areas :y t)e natural se5aration o% t)e a55aratus area.
%or t)e s)ortest turnout ti$e 5ossi:le is t)e
.1.# "wo-ay Straddle of t/e A&&aratus Area
de!elo5$ent o% an adacency 5lanning conce5t. ;)e $ain 5ur5ose o% t)is conce5t is an in-de5t)
;)is 5lan ty5e is t)e second $ost
study o% s5aces in a %ire)ouse )ic) reuire an
desira:le %or 5ur5oses o% $ini$iing t)e turnout ti$e in %ire)ouse 5lanning. ;)e 5lan clearly se5arates t)e noisy areas o% t)e %ire)ouse %ro$ t)e uiet areas and $ay create circulation 5atterns in t)e su55ort areas :y not taing ad!antage o% t)e :ac o% t)e %ire)ouse %or su55ort area use. ?'@ L ra&around of t/e A&&aratus Area
%ro$ t)e leg o% t)e L to t)e toe. ;)e ey turnout s5aces are 5laced in nor$al seuence :y !irtue o% its %or$. Gne o% t)e ad!antages o% t)is 5lan ty5e is t)e %le0i:ility %or e05ansion along t)e a55aratus area and t)e toe o% t)e L. ;)is 5lan ty5e is t)e t)ird $ost desira:le it) t)e ad!antage o% 5otential %or e05ansion. ;)e a5ron area s)all )a!e s$allest 5ossi:le ay to drain
;)is 5lan ty5e is uniue in t)at t)e
ater. It s)ould also 5ossess 5aring area to
location o% t)e L arrange$ent allos %or t)e
acco$$odate 5ersonnel on duty at any ti$es.
natural 5rogression in locating t)e 5ri$ary
;)e $ain arterial street s)ould acco$$odate t)e
adacency areas t)roug) t)e t)ird-le!el adacency
a55aratus
areas as t)e L ra5s around t)e a55aratus area
it) t)e
:iggest
turning
adacency rating %or 5ur5oses o% %unctional 5lanning o% t)e %ire)ouse to !eri%y )ere t)e greatest a$ounts
o% acti!ity
occur. ;)ese
acti!ity locations ill t)en :e oined in suc) a $anner t)at a $ini$u$ a$ount o% grou5ing ti$e is reuired %or t)e %ire%ig)ting 5ersonnel to res5ond to t)e %ire. ;)is grou5ing ti$e is e0tre$ely !alua:le to t)e res5onse action. "t t)is ti$e t)e co$5any o%%icers de!elo5 a res5onse strategy %or t)e s)ortest route to t)e %ire location and t)e 5ro:le$s o% t)e %ire condition.
radius. .2.1 )ri(ary Ad0a%en%y
19
S5aces in t)is category $ust :e directly
areas4 &or$itory areas ;urnout gear storage Icon
,rior to site selection it is essential t)at an
connected in a 5)ysical $anner to eac) ot)er or
:e t)ird-le!el adacency according to res5onse
arc)itectEs5ace-5lanning analyst :e retained %or
directly to t)e a55aratus area )ic) is t)e ey
action strategy4
5ur5oses
turnout location in t)e res5onse action.
@eneral
S5aces in t)is category $ust :e 5laced at a $iday location in t)e %ire )ouse 5lan :ecause o% t)e de5endency o% %unction during day-to-day
s)o5
storage
ascertaining
t)e
gross
area
reuire$ents %or t)e %ire)ouse. "s 5ace-5lanning
.#.2 Se%ondary Ad0a%en%y S&a%es
.2.2 Se%ondary Ad0a%en%y
o%
re5air
area
Cleanu5 areas Hose storageEdrying area .#.#. "/ird-Level Ad0a%en%y S&a%es
analyst is a ne :reed o% e05ert )ose $ain res5onsi:ility is to arri!e at t)e $ost e%%icient total gross s5ace reuired %or t)e :uilding. Hig) :uilding costs )a!e necessitated t)e use o% a
"55aratus 5arts storage Boiler 5lant
s5ace-5lanning analyst to o:tain t)e least gross
utilities and e$ergency generator area Locer
area %or t)e :uilding %unction it) $a0i$u$
roo$ area #iscellaneous storage areas #aor
e%%iciency. ;)e s5ace-5lanning analyst ill $ae
S5aces in t)is category are t)e least used
toilet-s)oer area clot)es as)ing and drying
in-de5t) studies o% eui5$ent 5ersonnel utility
in a %ire)ouse and )a!e no direct day-to-day
area "d$inistrati!e area-not related to t)e
needs and circulation and arri!e at t)e o5ti$u$
o5erational relations)i5 to t)e 5ri$ary and
res5onse action Con%erenceE5u:lic areas "ny
gross area reuire$ents %or t)e :uilding. ,rior to
secondary adacency s5aces.
ot)er %unction not directly related to t)e res5onse
5lanning a %ire)ouse it is essential t)at all
action
eui5$ent and 5ersonnel needs are clearly
o5erations t)at are not o% 5ri $ary i$5ortance. .2.# "/ird-Level Ad0a%en%y
.#.1 )ri(ary Ad0a%en%y S&a%es &is5atc)er-)ouse atc) area lo::y area "d$inistrati!e-co$5any
o%%ices
=itc)enErecreation areaEgy$ areaEtraining area Lounge
area
acco$$odations
Classroo$ %or
%acility
tele!ision
it)
!ideota5e
teac)ing Basic toilet area close to )ig)-use
ote8 Ad0a%en%y levels (ust ,e as%ertained
delineated in nu$:ers and sie so t)at 5ro5er
t/roug/ in-de&t/ interviews wit/ fire de&art(ent
circulation alloances can :e $ade %or t)e 5ro5er
ad(inistrators and (ay %/ange a%%ordingly.
%unctioning o% t)e %ire)ouseD t)ese in turn ill
).4 S&ace-Plannin' Analsis to obtain the 1ross Area Reuirements for the )irehouse
gi!e t)e gross area reuire$ents. "s 5art o% t)e study :y t)e s5ace 5lanning analyst $any o5tions ill :e o%%ered )ic) ill e0a$ine t)e le!el o%
20
$a0i$iing or $ini$iing t)e s5ace needs and
ti$e is a:solutely necessary 5lus a $ini$u$
integrating t)e dri!e-t)roug) a55aratus area
t)e ulti$ate ad!antage and disad!antage o% eac)
o%(/
arrange$ent in t)e %loor 5lan. ;)is $et)od o%
as t)ey relate to t)e %unction o% t)e :uilding.
ad$inistrati!e 5ersonnel. Beyond t)is 5oint t)e
returning %ro$ t)e res5onse action creates less
5aring reuire$ent is a su:ecti!e udg$ent
disru5tion in t)e street and 5otential %or accident
)ic) $ay include 5aring s5aces %or 5u:lic and
during t)e :acing u5 o% a55aratus.
..1 Building and Site relations/i& ;)ree o% t)e $aor considerations related to t)e :uilding and site relations)i5 are t)e :uilding set:ac training area reuire$ents and t)e onsite 5aring reuire$ent %or %ire%ig)ting 5ersonnel. ;)e $ini$u$ set:ac is 3/ %t. and s)ould ideally
:e standard
at 6( %t.
to
acco$$odate t)e largest 5iece o% a55aratus in t)e %ire ser!ice. ;)is ill gi!e o5ti$u$ !isi:ility %or a55aratus e0iting %ro$ t)e %ire)ouse. ;)e a5ron area s)all )a!e t)e s$allest 5ossi:le slo5e to drain ater and $ay include a )ot-ater underground 5i5ing syste$ or electrical ca:le deicing syste$ to clear t)e a5ron %or res5onse 5ur5oses. "ll :uilding sites reuire an o5en area to one side o% t)e %ire)ouse %or 5ur5oses o% training it) t)e largest 5iece o% a55aratus a!aila:le to t)e %ire%ig)ting unit. " 5aring area to acco$$odate all 5ersonnel on duty at any one
5ercent
$ore
as
e0tra
s5ace
%or
social %unctions. ;)e 5aring area is to :e located adacent to t)e dis5atc)er-)ouse atc) area it) !isual control o% t)e acti!ity in t)e 5aring area. ;)e $ain arterial street s)all :e ide enoug) to
..2 Various S&a%e $o(&onents in ire/ouse )lanning ..2.1 'is&at%/er House at%/ Area
acco$$odate t)e a55aratus it) t)e largest
;)is ey co$$unication area is :eing
turning radius. It is also essential t)at tra%%ic
%or$ed as an inde5endent o5erating s5ace
controls :e installed on e0tre$e ends o% t)e %ront
co$5letely sound-controlled %or o5ti$u$ )earing
5ro5erty line to sto5 tra%%ic during a res5onse
a:ility. It $ust :e co$5letely air-conditioned and
action. "s a
secondary consideration any
)a!e $a0i$u$ !isual control o% t)e uarters and
res5onding o% a55aratus directly into t)e lo sun
street conditions. @lass areas in t)e %ront o% t)e
orientations s)all :e eli$inated to do aay it)
)ouse atc) are arranged in suc) a $anner t)at
t)e !ision 5ro:le$ o% t)e uic transition %ro$
18/J o% !isi:ility in %ront o% t)e %ire)ouse is
:asic darness to :rig)tness and t)e ensuing
5ossi:le. ;)e alar$ lig)ts :utton at t)e %ire
accident 5otential :y orienting t)e :uilding
co$$unications console
5ro5erly.
acti!ating t)e alar$ lig)ts as in t)e 5ast. ;)e
is not
li$ited
to
)ere!er 5ossi:le additional land s)ould
alar$ :utton also acti!ates t)e a55aratus %u$e-
:e allocated to t)e site %ootage %or 5ur5oses o%
e0)aust syste$ and a series o% %loodlig)ts
21
$ounted on t)e %ront %ace o% t)e :uilding. ;)ese lig)ts illu$inate t)e a5ron area and street %or a
(. "lar$ lig)ts %or !arious 5arts o% t)e :uilding during res5onse action
sa%er res5onse. "n adusta:le ti$er turns o%% t)e
6. &aily-use lig)t control
%loodlig)ts and t)e %u$e-e0)aust syste$ a%ter t)e
7. Control o% o!er)ead doors it) u5 and
o!er)ead doors )a!e :een electrically secured
sto5 :uttons only %or sa%ety 5ur5osesD don
s)ut. ;)ey can :e acti!ated $anually t)roug) an
:utton located at o!er)ead door location only
o!erride sitc) :y t)e )ouse atc) $an in ot)er t)an res5onse situations.
8. " co$5lete interco$ syste$ %or i$$ediate !er:al co$$unication to all areas o% t)e %ire)ouse 5lan.
..2.1.1 $ontrol un%tions of t/e 'is&at%/er House wat%/ Area
..2.1.2 *anage(ent Ad0a%en%y ;)e 5lanned adacency o% t)e )ouse atc)
;)is ey co$$unication area is also t)e
and t)e co$5any o%%ices a%%ords e0cellent audi:le
center o% all electronic sitc)ing de!ices )ic)
co$$unication :eteen t)e dis5atc)er-)ouse
control t)e security and %unctioning o% t)e
atc)
%ire)ouse and includeA
$anage$ent ar$ o% t)e %ire)ouse. Bot) areas
1. @asoline and diesel 5u$5 o5eration 2.
#anual
o5eration
o%
%loodlig)ts
$ounted on t)e %ront o% t)e :uilding 3. Security lig)ts surrounding t)e 5ro:le$ areas o% t)e :uilding '. #anual control o% %u$e-e0)aust syste$
area
and
t)e
co$5any
o%%ices-t)e
also %ace t)e a55aratus storage area and )a!e glass alls alloing %or !isual control o% t)e a55aratus %loor. ;)is adacency o% s5ace is ideal %or all as5ects o% co$$unication and decision $aing during initial turnout action.
22
access %ro$ all areas in t)e %our $aor conce5ts
o5erators s5rings trac turning s)a%ts and ot)er
in 5lanning a %ire)ouse. ;)ese %actors ill
accessory eui5$ent o% a single sie ill si$5li%y
5ro!ide t)e %ire%ig)ting units it) a good
t)e storage o% 5orts )ile $ini$iing t)e
%unctional design %or res5onse 5ur5oses. ;)e
in!entory :urden. It is reco$$ended t)at all
single o5en s5ace o%%ers greater %le0i:ility in t)e
o!er)ead doors
a55aratus storage area and $ay also %unction as
o5erators %or 5ur5oses o% decreasing t)e turnout
an area %or training and %or storage o% s5are or
%ine. lectrical o5erators s)all )a!e t)e ca5a:ility
don a55aratus. "55aratus storage areas are no
o% $anual o5eration in case o% :readon o% t)e
:eing eui55ed it) a so5)isticated %u$e e0)aust
$otoried eui5$ent. It is essential t)at t)e o!er
syste$. Gur goal is %or t)e $a0i$u$ eli$ination
)ood-dooro5erating eui5$ent :e 5ut on t)e
o% %u$e-e0)aust gases on t)e a55aratus %loor. It is
e$ergency generator in case o% electrical %ailure
reco$$ended t)at all a55aratus areas utilie
in t)e co$$unity. @enerally t)roug)out t)e %ire
single a55aratus doors a55ro0i$ately 12 %t. ide
ser!ice t)e )ose toer is :eing eli$inated as a
:y 1' %t. )ig). " 5air o% doors is $ore %unctional
%unctional need in t)e o5eration o% a %ire)ouse.
:e o5ened it) electrical
in t)at a :readon in one door ill allo t)e res5onding a55aratus to $aneu!er t)roug) t)e
..2.2 "/e A&&aratus storage area ;)is is t)e )eart o% e!ery %ire)ouseD its location s)a5e %le0i:ility sie layout and colu$n%ree a55roac) ill 5ro!ide %or easy uic
..2.# "urnout 6ear Storage
ot)er door. It is essential to include a totalier on
;)e turnout gear storage area s)all :e
all. "55aratus doors so t)at tension s5rings $ay
secured it) a 5ull-don see t)roug) $es) gate
:e
$aintenance
arrange$ent and locing de!ice to secure t)e
sc)edule :ased on 5redicti!e :readon o% t)e
area )ile t)e co$5any is out o% uarters.
eui5$ent so t)is ill si$5li%y t)e storage o%
Included as 5art o% t)e eui5$ent %or t)is area
s5are 5arts
s)all :e an electric )eater %or drying and an
re5laced
on
a
5re!enti!e
%or re5air 5ur5oses. "ll
door
23
e0)aust %an to clear out t)e )u$idity in t)e area.
5ri$ary adacency and s)all )a!e direct access to
le!el it) )is o%%ice and dor$itory )a!ing direct
;)e all and ceiling %inis)es s)all include
t)e %ire%ig)ting a55aratus area.
access to )is res5onse !e)icle. In t)e ty5ical to-
$aintenance-%ree %inis)es suc) as 5er$anently glaed sur%aces.
story %ire)ouse t)e c)ie%s uarters are located at
..2. it%/en-'ining Roo(-Re%reation Area ac) co$5onent s)all :e 5lanned %or t)e le!el o% co$$ercial use co$5letely in stainless
..2. Slide )ole and 5n%losures
steel. Included also are a large re%rigerator and a ;)ere is a $o!e$ent in t)e %ire ser!ice to generally eli$inate t)e slide 5ole as a $eans o% circulation %ro$ t)e second %loor o% a %ire)ouse. Serious inuries )a!e occurred in t)e use o% slide 5oles. ;)eir use is generally discouraged in %a!or
si0-:urner range it) a grill unit and o!en. ;)e ceilings are o% as)a:le acoustical tile and t)e %loor and all are %inis)ed In a cera$ic or uarry tile )ic) )as eli$inated $aintenance e0ce5t %or si$5le cleaning.
o% a stairay or t)e trend toard t)e one-story %ire)ouse )ere!er t)e land !alue 5er$its in all
..2.7. 'or(itory-Lo%;er Roo( +e
areas o% t)e country.
5lanning
conce5ts
)a!e
t)e
dor$itory and locer-roo$ s5aces straddling t)e ..2.= $lassroo(-"V A(&/it/eater for "raining )ur&oses ;)e
toilet-s)oer and clot)es-as)ing core areas. ;)is 5ro!ides sound isolation :eteen t)e noisy
s5ace
ill
reuire
co$5lete
locer roo$ and uiet dor$itory area.
acoustical treat$ent t)eater ty5e !ieing c)airs a slo5ed %loor arrange$ent %or !ieing 5ur5oses and a des to5 riting sur%ace. In ter$s o% adacency le!el t)is s5ace is classi%ied as a
..2.: $/iefs 4uarters ;)e c)ie%s car and )is turnout gear storage closet are located at t)e :ase o% t)e egress stair or circulation corridor at t)e a55aratus %loor
t)e )ead o% t)e stair at t)e second %loor and )e goes directly into )is suite o% roo$s %ro$ t)e egress stair. ;)ere is a continuity o% %unction :eteen t)e c)ie%s car area t)e c)ie%s turnout gear storage t)e egress stair and t)e res5onding c)ie%s o%%ice and dor$itoryD t)e adacency o% t)ese s5aces indicates a $ini$u$ circulation 5attern.
24
25
1. The Adanta'es of 7ne-Store )irehouse 7er T*o-store )irehouse
adacent 5arcels as alloed :y t)e oning regulations in t)e 5articular $unici5ality.
1. Inuries to $e$:ers o% t)e res5onding %ire co$5anies resulting %ro$ t)e use o% stairs and slide 5oles ill :e eli$inated. 2. li$ination o% t)e 5)ysical e0ertion reuired in t)e constant u5 and don acti!ity o% a )ig) acti!ity %ire%ig)ting unit. 3. It is a55arent t)at t)e $ost econo$ical solution to %ire )ouse design is t)e one-story %ire )ouse. It is a55ro0i$ately 1/ 5ercent loer in cost t)an t)e tostory %ire)ouse and :eco$es a trade-o%% )en e!aluating lo land cost and t)e di%%erence in construction cost :eteen t)e onestory %ire)ouse and t)e to-story %ire)ouse. '. "s a secondary o5tion %or )ig) land cost t)e !alue o% t)e land can alays :e recou5ed :y selling t)e air rig)ts o!er t)e 5ro5erty %or %uture de!elo5$ent or %or additional %loor area to
III. #.$ 0aran'a 8all
26
A. Standards S&ace Reuirements and (esi'n Considerations
A.1 !ffi%es3 or;station S&a%es ;)e standards and guidelines incor5orate t)e
2. Standards
and
guidelines s)ould :e
'. S5ace s)ould :e %le0i:le. ;)is 5rinci5le
si$5li%ied. ;)is 5rinci5le recognies t)at
recognies t)at %eer :arriers to c)ange
si$5li%ied $ini$u$ standards and :road
less disru5tion )en c)ange does occur
guidelines
and loer costs in $oney and ti$e can :e
ritten
in
non-tec)nical
language ill ena:le de5art$ents to 5lan
%olloing ey 5rinci5lesA 1. &e5art$ents s)ould :e e$5oered to
t)eir on o%%ice. 3. S5ace s)ould :e allocated according to
5lan t)eir o%%ice s5ace. ;)is 5rinci5le
%unctional reuire$ents. ;)is 5rinci5le
recognies t)at i% o%%ice s5ace is treated
recognies t)at t)e si$5ly allocating
as
and
o%%ice s5ace to 5eo5le :ased on t)eir
$anagers are gi!en t)e o55ortunity to
5osition or ran in an organiational
5lan
si$5li%ied
)ierarc)y rat)er t)an t)e %unctional needs
standards and guidelines $ore creati!e
o% t)eir or $ay result in a less
cost-e%%ecti!e
5roducti!e
an
ad$inistrati!e
resource
acco$5lis)ed :yA K
using
o5en s5ace
5lanning
)ene!er 5ractical K reducing t)e nu$:er o% di%%erent sies o% s5aces K standardiing t)e sies o% as
o%%ice
s5ace
using
$any s5aces as 5ossi:le.
solutions
to
o%%ice s5ace needs ill result.
satis%ying
or5lace
and
additional
costs.
"a,le 2. "/e following is a list of re%o((ended wor;station siCes for various 0o, fun%tions. >sing t/ese wor;station siCes will &ro(ote effi%ient s&a%e &lanning wit/in ,uilding grids and &rovide fle+i,ility for a%%o((odating future organiCational %/anges.
27
S&ace T&e
nclosed ;y5e "
nclosed ;y5e B
)unctional Assi'nment
Freuent $eetings it) u5 to %our ot)ers andEor reuiring con%identiality security !isual and acoustical 5ri!acy. ;y5ical assign$ent %or &e5uty #inister or eui!alent. Freuent $eetings it) u5 to to ot)ers andEor reuiring con%identiality security !isual and acoustical 5ri!acy. ;y5ical assign$ent %or "ssistant &e5uty #inister
S&ace Allocation Suare meter
Suare feet
22.(
2'/
13.9
1(/
9.3
1//
9.3
1//
6.(
7/
'.(
(/
&irector senior 5osition in c)arge o% a regional or district o%%ice or eui!alent. Freuent $eetings it) u5 to to ot)ers andEor reuiring con%identiality security nclosed ;y5e C
!isual and acoustical 5ri!acy. ;y5ical assign$ent %or 5osition in!ol!ed it) counseling )u$an resources $anage$ent or ot)er sensiti!e situations reuiring ongoing !isual and acoustical 5ri!acy. Concentrated $ulti-source 5a5erorA co$5iling in%or$ation reading riting
G5en;y5e &
analying calculating and re%erencing $ulti5le sources o% $aterialD allos %or $anual and auto$ated dra%ting %unctions. ;y5ical assign$ent %or $anagerial 5ro%essional or tec)nical sta%%. #ulti-tas 5a5er intensi!e orA tele5)one or ey:oarding %iling sorting
G5en ;y5e
G5en ;y5e F
docu$ents )andling $ail editing o5erating eui5$ent sc)eduling recei!ing !isitors. ;y5ical assign$ent %or secretary and ad$inistrati!e su55ort sta%%. S5eci%ic tas-oriented or %ocusing on data in5ut into electronic $edia. ;y5ical assign$ent %or clerical and data-entry sta%%.
"a,le #. "/e following is a list of re%o((ended s&a%e &lanning allowan%es for offi%e su&&ort fun%tion
28
Su&&ort S&ace
T&ical S&ace Allocation and )unctional Assi'nment
Filing Ca:inet ,lan Ca:inets S tor age S)el% *ni ts Storage
"llo 1./ $2 11 %t2 4 5er %iling ca:inet. "llo 1.( $2 1( %t24 5er 5lan storage ca:inet. "llo u5 to 1 $2 1/ %t2 4 5er s)el!ing unit ei t)er %ree- standing or it)in storage roo$s. "llo ( $2 (/ %t2 4 %or standard 5)otoco5ying reuire$ents to include 5a5er storage and or
@eneral or "rea
sur%ace. "llo u5 to ( $2 (/ %t2 4 %or co$$onEs)ared orstation %or %unctions suc) as $ail sorting
co$5uter eui5$ent %acsi$ile $ac)ine etc. K "llo u5 to 1 $2 1/ %t24 5er s)el!ing unit.
Local "rea +etor L"+4 Co$5uter
K "llo ( $2 (/ %t2 4 5er reading and or ta:le S5ace allocation deter$ined on a case :y case :asis taing into account eui5$ent %oot5rint and
First "id
ot)er %unctional reuire$ents. First "id
de5art$ent. S5ace allocation :ased on %unctional needsD e.g. !isitorEcusto$er tra%%ic security reuire$ents
uiet
rece5tion acti!ities etc. "llo 1 uiet
Co%%ee CounterE+oo
K #eetings o% 12 5eo5le allo 22.3/ $2 2'/ %t2 4 "llo 1 counterEnoo o% 1.16 $2 12.( %t2 4A K 5er 3/-F; de5art$entD or K 5er %loor )ere de5art$ents eac) )a!e less t)an 3/ F;s. B. Lo,,ies *se o% a lo::y can reduce t)e e%%ect o% e0ternal
conditions
on
t)e
interior
o%
29
a :uilding and $ay also contri:ute to %ire sa%ety. Hoe!er )ere to sets o% doors are located in close 5ro0i$ity t)is can 5resent a )aard and a 5otential :arrier to access.
III.$ Reie* of the Related Stud III.$.# )ire Station
III.2.1.1 oreign $ase Study I "ny lo::y 5ro!ided at t)e entrance to or it)in a :uilding s)ould allo a 5erson to 5ass t)roug) )ilst re$aining clear o% t)e sing o% doors. " rectangular area o% at least 1.6$ long :y 7(/$$ ide outit) any door sing ould 5er$it sa%e 5assage o% %or e0a$5le a 5erson in a )eelc)air and a co$5anion.
oreign $ase Study I "ccording to Baldin in )is study entitled
$. un%tion Hall " Function Hall or
t)e increased 5o5ulation. ;)e 5ro:le$ as Clearater )ad not :uilt or re%ur:is)ed a %ire station since 1978. ;)e 5ur5ose o% t)is researc) as to de!elo5 %ire station design reco$$endations t)at ould $eet t)e needs o% %uture construction 5roects. ;)e action researc) $et)od as utilied to researc) t)e %olloing uestionsA
30
1. )at design c)anges )a!e taen 5lace o!er t)e last tenty years to i$5ro!e
design :y incor5orating t)e %eatures %ound in residential design. Baldwin B. 19994
Based on t)e case study conducted :y
station %unctionality 2.
;o
)at
guidelines
Lo%al $ase Study I
$ust
ne
construction or re%ur:is)$ent ad)ere
Ca:ales
oreign $ase Study II Based on t)e case study
Little
3. )at are %ire de5art$ents in ,inellas
County doing to $eet t)eir needs
,alculict "rc)itects. ;)e Little
;)e literature re!ie e0a$ined current
Loo5 t)e ne 8(86 suare %oot su:-station as
trends in %ire station design and t)e suggested
:uilt in res5onse to t)e ra5id residential and
guidelines %or ne construction. &ata as also
co$$ercial grot) in t)e est Little
gat)ered :y inter!ieing Mo)n C. =elly a local
o!er t)e last decade. ;)is is t)e %irst %ire station
arc)itect. Fire stations located in ,inellas County
in t)e state to ac)ie!e L& certi%ication.
)ic) )ad :een :uilt or re%ur:is)ed it)in t)e 5ast to years ere !isited.
;)e city anne0ed 5ortions o% land to t)e area t)ere%ore
lengt)ing
t)e
distance t)at
;)e %indings o% t)is researc) indicate t)e
%ire%ig)ters )ad to tra!el. ;)e ne station as
need to address an e!er groing coed or%orce
:uilt it)in .( $iles o% a $aor eastEest corridor
in t)e area o% station design. ;)e +ational Fire
state )ig)ay4 in Little
,rotection "ssociationNs 1(// Series is an
nort)Esout) t)oroug)%are t)at ill ena:le a uic
e0cellent guide to $eeting )ealt) and sa%ety
res5onse ti$e. )al%uli%t D.B. 2EE=4
researc)ers
"guillera on
t)e
@u$a:on Fire
and
Station
ot)er na$ing
#asa$:ong Fire Su:-Station located at Malac St. cor &el #onte "!e. Brgy. #asa$:ong ueon City. ,)ili55ines. In 2//9 its construction started and as co$5leted on 2/1/. For so $any years t)e inadeuacies o% )a!ing a lesser %ire station and 5ersonnel in a strategic location ere )a!e alays :een t)e $aor 5ro:le$ in t)e !ast land area o% ueon City. @eneral nriue Linsangan t)e t)en Fire C)ie% o% t)e Bureau o% Fire ,rotection !isualied t)e idea o% creating a Fire Su:-station in a !ery accessi:le strategic and s5eci%ically located in t)e area )ere it $ay ser!e and $eets t)e needs o% t)e greater 5u:lic. Based on t)e researc) conducted and statistics in%or$ation concludes t)at t)e La Lo$a Fire Su:-Station and Frisco Fire Su:-Station s)ared
issues )en designing a %ire station. #o!e$ent
t)e largest co!erage are )ere t)e $ost nu$:er
)as :een aay %ro$ an institutional :uilding III.2.1.2 Lo%al $ase Study
o% 5o5ular situated and 5ri$arily cited as a Fire
31
,roneEHaard. Gn 2//9 t)e #asa$:ong Fire
researc)ers noticed so$e e0isting 5ro:le$s on
su:-station :egun its creation and little :y little it
t)e :uilding and also 5ro5osed so$e solutions.
as :uilt strong and esta:lis)ed t)at e!en
;)e 5ro:le$s noticed in t)e :uilding are ater
eart)uaes and ty5)oon Gndoy $easure itNs %ir$
leaage inside t)e 5re$ises %ro$ t)e %ire trucs
t)e ,)ili55ines called t)e :arangay re%ers to
%oundation and t)e structures :ut still 5erse!ere.
causes unnecessary 5uddles o% ater on t)e %loor
an inner
2/1/ a%ter its co$5letion t)e !ision co$es into a
)ic) $ay attract $osuitoes and ot)er insects
great inauguration. In t)eir !isit on t)e %ire
and also t)e researc)ers notice t)at t)ere is no
station t)e researc)ers notices so$e 5ro:le$s
5ro5er $aintenance %or all acti!e and 5assi!e
%unctional :ranc)es in t)e 5olitical syste$ t)e
and listed t)e$. ;)e 5ro:le$s are t)e ater 5i5e
s5aces. ;)e researc)ers 5ro5osed solution as
:arangay 5lays a !ital role in t)e society and
leaage %ro$ t)e second %loor t)e sliding t)e
t)e %ire stations ad$inister s)ould )ire $ore
5ole as too )ig) t)e %ire station )as no 5ro5er
e$5loyees to clean u5 t)e 5uddles o% ater and
racs %or eui5$ent and t)ere is no di!ision o%
)a!e t)e unsanitary areas reno!ated i% t)ey )a!e
rein%orces societyNs social nor$s structure and
%e$ale and $ale in t)e %ire stations toilet and
t)e :udget. "lso t)e researc)er 5ro5osed t)at t)e
de!elo5$entD as ell as 5ro!iding clear cut
:at). $a,ales . Aguillera ). 6u(a,on D.
%ire stations current e$5loyee s)ould re5lace t)e
and et al. 2E1 4
%loor t)at is $ade o% ce$ent to gra!el %or t)e ater to see5 into t)e gra!el instead o% creating
Lo%al $ase Study II In t)e case study o% Herna Bra!o Hi5olito and t)e ot)er researc)ers on t)e %ire
;)e s$allest ad$inistrati!e
city neig):our)ood
di!ision in
a su:ur: or
a
su:ur:an neig):or)ood. Being one o% t)e $ost
a$ongst its 5eo5le. It is also t)e one )o
5olitical di!isions and areas o% urisdiction 5er Barangay o%%icials.
5uddles on t)e ce$ent %loors and to a!oid accident %ro$ sli55ing. Herna 5 Bravo Hi&olito V and et al. 2E1 4
station located at ". Soriano "!e. Corner @eneral
;)e researc)ers )a!e decided to conduct a case study s5eci%ically on Barangay =asilaan in #aati #etro #anila. ;)is study ai$s not only
Luna St. na$ed Intra$uros Fire Station. It as :uilt in 19/1. In t)e researc)ers !isit t)e
Lo%al $ase Study
0aran'a 8all
to 5roduce a dee5er understanding o% t)e
32
Barangay syste$ t)at is used in t)e ,)ili55ines
researc)ersN c)osen et)nic tri:al co$$unity ;)e
:arangay )all also see$s to recei!e t)e sa$e
:ut also s)ed so$e lig)t on t)e 5ossi:le relation
;ausugs in Sulu #indanao.
%eed:acs in ter$s o% its structure )ic) can
:eteen a BarangayNs location co$$unity
ele!ate t)e researc)ersN noledge a:out a good Barangay =asilaan is non %or its
structure de!elo5$ent and syste$s and $ost
:arangay )all. $inuscule :ut aard inning co$$unity as to
s5eci%ically in its :arangay )all on t)e e0isting )y t)e researc)ers )a!e c)osen t)e :arangay %or 5ro:le$s and its 5ossi:le solutions %or t)e a local case study. In line it) t)is t)eir
5Ee%o3/79/.5d% on Manuary 1' 2/16. ,alculict M.B 2//(4 Little
Construction.
%ro$ II.
)tt5AEE:5arc)itects.co$Esingle 5roectElittle-roc-%ire-station-no23E on Manuary 1' 2/16.
