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IJCS T V OL. 2, I SSUE 1, MARCH 2011
Design and Simulation of Magic Tee and Ring Hybrid Coupler using Ansoft HFSS Parul Dawar Dept. of ECE, Guru Tegh Bahadur Institute of Technology, Rajouri Garden,New Delhi, India Abstract HFSS is a high-performance full-wave electromagnetic (EM) field simulator for arbitrary arbitrary 3D volu metric metric passive device mod eling.It employs the Finite Element Method (FEM), adaptive meshing, and b rilliant graphics. This paper reports for Magic Tee that a signal incident on the difference port splits equally between ports 2 an d 3 , bu t t he resul ting sign als are 180 degrees out of phase.Also, phase.Also, Ring Hybrid junction is a four-port network network with a 180 degree phase shift between two output ports but it can also be operated so that output ports are in phase. Both the structures structures are first first designed using HFSS HFSS and then simulated. Keywords Microwave, HFSS, Microstrip couplers, Active circuits, Power dividers I. Introductio Introductio n Ansoft Ansoft HFSS HFSS is the tool of choice for high -productiv -productiv ity research. It uses “Finite Element Method” which involves subdividing a large problem into individually simple constituent units
Fig. 2: Constructional details of Magic Tee
which are each soluble via direct analytical methods, then reassembling the solution for the entire problem space as a matrix of simultaneous equations as ahown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3: Constructional details of Ring Hybrid Coupler B. Principle Principle of operation
Fig. 1 : Procedure Procedure to simulate devices in HFSS HFSS..
1. A magic tee is a four-port, 180 degree hybrid splitter, realized in waveguide as shown in Fig. Like all of the coupler and splitter structures, structures, the magic tee can be used as a power combiner, combiner, or a divider. It is ideally lossless, so that all power into one port
II. Designing
can be assumed to exit the remaining ports. Port 1 is the (sum) port, an d i s someti mes call ed t he
A. Construction
H-plane H-plane port, and sometimes called the P-port P-port for “parallel”.
Let us design Magic Tee and Ring hybrid coupler as shown in
A signal incident on port 1 equally splits between ports 2 and
Fig. and Fig. respectively.
3, and the resulting signals are in phase. Ports 2 and 3 are sometimes called the co-linear ports, because they are the only two that are in line with each other. Port 4 is the (difference or delta) port, and is sometimes called the E-plane port, or the S-port for “series”. A signal inciden t on the difference port splits equally between ports 2 and 3, but the resulting signals are 180 degrees out of phase.
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Fig. 4: Magic Tee
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Fig. 6:For odd mode excitation
2. Ring Hybrid junction is a four-port network with a 180 degree phase shift between two output ports but it can also be o perated so t hat out put ports are in phase. The 1 80 degree ring hybrid can be constructed in several forms such as planar form or other forms like wave guide forms.
Fig. 7 : Top arm Create Wave Port Excitation 1 Picking the port face: Select the menu item Edit > Select > Faces Graphically select the to p face of the arm at Z=75mm
Fig. 5: For even-mode excitation
To assign wave port excitation as in Fig. Select the menu item HFSS > Excitations > Assign > Wave Port Wave Port : General
Now consid er a u nity amplit ude wave in ciden t at port 4 (difference port),as in Fig.of the ring hybrid j unction . The two wave components on the ring will arrive in phase at ports and 3, with a net phase difference of 180 degree between these ports. Th e two wave co mpon ents will b e 1 80 degree out of
Name: p1 Click the Next button Wave Port : Modes Click the Next button Wave Port : Post Processing
phase at p ort1.
Click the Finish button
C. Steps of Construction 1. Magic Tee Create Top Arm Select the menu item Draw > Box Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the box position X: -25.0 25.0, Y: -10.0 10.0, Z: 0.0 0.0, Press the Enter key
Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the opposite corner of the base rectangle: dX: 50.0 50.0, dY: 20.0 20.0, dZ: 75.0, as in Fig. First consider a unit amplitude wave incident at port 1, as in
Fig. 8 : Assign waveport wxcitation Set Object Selection 1. Select the menu item Edit > Select > Objects and Create Arm 2 as in Fig. 9 and then 3 and 4 as in Fig.10.
Fig. the sum port, of the ring hybrid. at the ring junction this unit wave will divide into two components, which both arrive in phase at ports 2 and 3, and 180 degree out of phase at port 4. Using the even-od d mo de a naly sis te chni que we can decompose this case into a superposition of two simpler circuits which are considerably easy to analyze.
Fig. 9
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Fig. 10
Page 3ISSN : 2229-4333(Print) | ISSN : 0976-8491(Online) 2. Ring Hybrid Coupler Set Default Material To set th e default material as shown in Fig.: Using the 3 D Modeler Materials toolbar, choose Select
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IJCST V OL. 2, I SSUE 1, MARCH 2011
Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the radius: dX: 22.345mm/cos(30*pi/18 0), dY: 0.0 , dZ: 0.0 , Press the Enter key
Select Definitio n Window: Click the Add Material button View/Edit Material Window as in Fig.: For the Material Name type: My_Sub
4. Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the height: dX: 0.0 , dY: 0.0 , dZ: 2.286 , Press the Enter key Segment Number Window Number of Segmen ts: 6
For the Value of Relativ e Permittivity type: 2 .33 For the Value of Dielectric Loss Tangent type: 4.29e 4.29e-4 Click the OK button
Create Trace Select the menu item Draw > Rectangle Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the rectangle posit ion X: -0.89154 , Y: 0.0 , Z: 0.0 , Press the Enter key Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the opposite corner of the rectangle: dX: 1.78308 , dY: 22.345 , dZ: 0.0 , as in Fig.. Fig.15, Fig. 16
Fig. 11 :
III. Analysis Result A. Analysis Setup For Magic Tee 1. Select the menu item HFSS > Analysis Setup > Add Solution Setup Solution Setup Window: Click the General tab: Solution Frequency: 4.0GHz : Maximum Number of Passes: 5 Maximum Delta S per Pass: 0.02 To add a frequency sweep: Select the menu item HFSS > Analysis Setup > Add Sweep
Assign t he Perfect E bo undary and Create Wave Port Excitation
Select Solution Setup: Setup1
as in Fig. 12
Click the OK button Edit Sweep Window: Sweep Type: Fast 2. Frequency Setup Type: Linear Count Start: 3.4GHz Stop: 4.0GHz Count: 1001 Save Fields: _ Checked 3. Click the OK button Analyze To start the solution process: Select the menu item HFSS > Analyze
Fig. 13 : Perfect E bound ary and Create Wave Port Excitation Create the remaining Traces and Wave Ports as in Fig.14 and inner ring as in Fig. 15 and 16
Fig.17 :Shows the E-field vectors for signals entering the sum port Fig.14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Create Substrate Select the menu item Draw > Regular Polyhed ron Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the center position X: 0.0 , Y: 0.0 , Z: -1.143 , Press the Enter key
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The Device is perfectly matched equal power division PERFECTLY ISOLATED PORT 3.
Fig. 18: how the delta port excites opposing phases in the CO-linear arms. The next plot shows the phase of the transmission coefficients out the CO-linear ports, when driven by the delta port. Note the 180 degree difference
Fig.21 : Fig. shows that there is 180 DEGREES phase difference between out put arms. References [1] Minggang Liu; Zhenghe Feng; "Microwave Conference, 2008.,APMC 2008, Page(s): 1 - 4 ,” A novel hybrid planar SIW magic Tee .” [2] You, L.Z.; Dou, W.B.; "Microwave and Millimeter Wave Technology", 2007. ICMMT ‘07. 2007 , pp. 1 - 4 ,” Design And Optimization of Planar Waveguide Magic Tee At W-band .”
[3] Beyer, R.; Rosenberg, U.; "Microwave Symposium Digest", 2003 IEEE MTT-S 2003 , pp. 1207 - 1210 Vol. 2 ,” CAD of magic tee with interior stepped post for high performance designs.” [4] Cassivi, Yves; Wu, Ke; Microwave Conference, 2001. 2001 , Ppp. 1 - 4 ,” Magic Tee Junction Based on Hybrid Fig.19: phase of the transmission coefficients out the CO-linear ports B. Analysis Setup for ring Hybrid Coupler
Architecture of Microstrip Line and Non-Radiative Dielectric Waveguide .” [5] Dong Il Kim; Naito, Y.; "Microwave Theory and Techniques, IEEE Transactions, 1982 , pp. 2040 - 2046”, Broad-
1. Select the menu item HFSS > Analysis Setup > Add Solution Setup Solution Setup Window: Click the General tab: Solution Frequency: 4.0 GHz
Band Design o f Improved Hybrid-Ring 3-dB Directional Couplers”. [6] Sung-Chan Kim; Baek-Seok Ko; Tae-Jong Baek; Byeong-Ok Lim; An, D.; Dong-Hoon Shin; Jin-Koo Rhee; "Microwave
: Maximum Number of Passes: 20 Maximum Delta S: 0.02
and Wireless Components Letters", 2005 , pp. 652 - 654 ,” Hybrid ring coupl er for W-band MMIC applicatio ns using
Adding a Frequency Sweep To add a frequency sweep: Select the menu item HFSS > Analysis Setup > Add Sweep
MEMS technology [7] Chun-Hsiang Chi; Chi-Yang Chang; "Microwave Conference", 2007 , pp. 548 – 551,” A compact wideband 1800 hybrid
Select Solution Setup: Setup1 Click the OK button
ring coupler using a novel interdigital CPS inverter .”
Edit Sweep Window: Sweep Type: Fast Frequency Setup Type: Linear Step : Start: 2.0 GHz Stop: 7.0 GHz Step: 0.05 GHz
Parul Dawar received her B.Tech degree in Electronics and Communications from GPMCOE, GGSIPU, India, in 2005, the
Save Fields: _ Checked 3. Click the OK button
M.Tech degree in Microwave Electronics from DOES, Delhi University, India, in 2007. She is currently Assistant Professor in Guru Tegh Bahadur Institute Of Technology, GGSIPU, Delhi. Her research interests include Electro magnetic Field waves, Optical Communications an d Microwave Electronics. She has authored two books titled “Electromagnetic Field Theory” and “Concepts in Electromagnetic Field Theory” under KATSON publication s. She has attended and p ublished various papers in National and International Conferences.
Fig.20 : Fig. shows that at design Frequency:
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