GEMSTONES Diamonds, rubies, emeralds, sapphires, and opals shine and sparkle. Beautiful jewellery is made from them. They are stones which are so rare and hard to find that they have been named precious stones. Diamonds are buried deep in the earth, usually in or near extinct 5 volcanoes. They appear dull and gray when they are dug out of the ground, but after cutting and polishing, diamonds flash and shimmer. Diamonds are the hardest material that comes from the earth's crust. They can even be used for cutting rocks. Only a diamond will scratch another diamond. Because of their hardness, diamonds are used to make 10 cutting tools. Only the largest and most perfect stones become jewels. Corundum is a common mineral found in different kinds of rocks. When corundum has a tiny piece of titanium or cobalt mixed with, it is blue in colour and called a sapphire. If chromium is mixed in corundum, it forms a dark red ruby. 15 Large pieces of granite or limestone sometimes contain a rock called beryl. When chromium is mixed with beryl, it makes a deep green emerald.
A
Choose the best alternative to complete each statement below, according to the text. 1. According to the passage, diamonds —-. A) B) C) D) E)
are the best known precious stones all over the world have a high possibility of being broken are the hardest material to be dug out of the earth's crust are being used as an important exchange material are mixed with beryl to make a deep green emerald
2. Diamonds are usually found —. A) B) C) D) E)
in jewellery stores in or near extinct volcanoes between crumbled rocks mixed with the coal in corundum-like stones
3. A deep green emerald is produced by A) B) C) D) E)
mixing beryl with chromium cutting large pieces of diamonds into tiny pieces painting the blue emerald with titanium dioxide adding a kind of solution named corundum digging different minerals out of the ground
Deep into Meaning B
Match the words on the left with their meanings on the right. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
C
_______
shine rare precious extinct crust contain tiny deep common large
A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J.
of great size minute, extremely small strong and fairly dark colour give out bright light; or (to) glimmer no longer existing valuable surface shell ordinary have something as part of another thing unusual, not easily found
Indicate whether the statements below are true (T), false (F) or not stated (NS) according to the text. ...... 1. The biggest diamond ever found is the Ka§ikgi Diamond. .......2. The hardest materials dug out of the ground are diamonds. .......3. A sapphire is a precious stone made up of the mixture of
corundum with titanium or cobalt. .......4. When a diamond is dug out of the ground, it is already shining. .......5. Diamonds are cheaper than rubies in jewellery stores. .......6. Only the large pieces of corundum and limestone can be regarded precious. .......7. In order to cut a hard surface, a diamond must be supported by a razor. D
Choose the appropriate definition for each given word as used in the text. 1. sparkle (line 1) a) shine with clear and bright points b) having many small parts c) making regular light movements d) belong to precious metals
4. scratch (line 8) a) not good enough b) itch c) make small cuts d) try to solve completely
2. dull (line 5) a) stupid b) not bright c) widow d) less frequent
5. rock (line 14) a) twist b) hard c) chemical d) stone •
3. polish (line 6) a) make bright by rubbing b) painting bright c) citizen of Poland d) cleaning with a cloth
POMPEII On August 24, A.D, 79, life ended in the Roman city of Pompeii on the Bay of Naples. In one day, the town was completely destroyed in the eruption of a nearby volcano called Mount Vesuvius. It was around lunch time when a violent earthquake shook the city. 5 Many of the inhabitants immediately fled, but some stayed, unable to leave their homes and businesses. Soon after the earthquake, Mount Vesuvius erupted, covering Pompeii with lava and ash. Those people who had stayed behind were buried under the thick layers. Their bodies were perfectly preserved for more than 1,500 10 years. They were discovered in the eighteenth century in the same positions in which they had died. One man was found lying where he had fallen in the street, still holding a handful of gold coins. Others were discovered sitting around a table where they had been eating a meal. Some people had tried to hide in their 75 houses, but they had not been able to escape the volcano and were buried in their homes. Many tried to flee with their belongings in carts, but they were trapped near the gates of the city and covered with lava and ash. When the volcano stopped erupting 28 hours later, Pompeii was buried under 20 feet of ash. At least 2,000 people died in this terrible disaster.
Choose the best alternative to complete each statement below, according to the text. 1. According to the passage, in this terrible event A) B) C) D) E)
the eruption lasted for two weeks no less than two thousand people died the Roman Emperor Nero burnt the city Mount Vesuvius was destroyed some parts of the Pompeii were saved
2. Pompeii was buried under lava and ash A) B) C) D) E)
when the earthquake shook the city around lunch time near the Bay of Naples after 1,500 years after an eruption lasting 28 hours
3. The people buried underground -—. A) B) C) D) E)
were found to have been unconscious were discovered in the 18lh century had been murdered were those who left the city after the earthquake remained buried more than 2,000 years
Deep into Meaning __________________________Book One... Unit 2 B
Match the words on the left with their meanings on the right. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
C
completely eruption flee belongings hide coin perfect cart trap violent
A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J.
property a two wheeled vehicle piece of metal used for money entirely, wholly catch, capture, prevent from escaping prevent something from being seen or known volcanic explosion with great force excellent escape from
Indicate whether the statements below are true (T), false (F) or not stated (NS) according to the text. ....... 1. The Roman city of Pompeii was founded on August 24, A.D.
79. .....2. Volcanoes which have erupted it was early all through the history have destroyed many famous cities like Pompeii. ....... 3. When the mountain erupted it was early in the afternoon. ....... 4. After the eruption Pompeii was covered with lava and ash. ....... 5. The people who hid in their houses were able to escape. ....... 6. When the volcano stopped erupting 40 hours later, the city was buried under 80 feet of ash. .... 7. The bodies of people covered in ash and stone were perfectly preserved for more than 1,500 years. D
Choose the appropriate definition for each given word as used in the text. 1. earthquake (line 4) a) corruption b) shaking of the earth's surface c) eruption in a volcanic region d) destruction of land 2. inhabitant (line 5) a) habitual b) in good condition c) resident d) person living in a flat . 3. bury (line 8) a) lay away b) set fire to c) cover something up d) put underground, cover 4. preserve (line 9) a) continue for a long period b) make something remain as it is c) give a good appearance of d) lather in a place -
5. disaster (line 19) a) scarcity b) monster c) calamity d) ill-fated
RAINBOWS In the past, people believed that rainbows were made by magic. Some even believed that the rainbow was a bridge between heaven and earth used by the gods. They also believed that there was a pot of gold at the end of the rainbow. 5 Nowadays, we know that rainbows occur when sunlight shines on drops of rain. You can see a rainbow when you stand with the sun behind you and the rain falling in front of you. Although sunlight doesn't seem to have any colour, it is actually made up of many colours. When it enters a drop of rain, sunlight separates into 10 violet, blue, green, yellow, orange, and red. Raindrops reflect the colours in sunlight. Because the colours blend together, only four or five are usually visible. Numerous rays of sunlight reflecting off raindrops, form a shining, curved rainbow. Often, a faint second rainbow appears outside the first. Its 75 colours will be in the opposite order to those of the brighter rainbow.
Choose the best alternative to complete each statement below, according to the text. 1. Although sunlight seems to have no colour, —.
A) B) C) D) E)
you don't have to believe what you see it actually consists of many colours it has more than eight colours it is actually green it has many different crystalline colours
2. In the past some people even believed that
A) B) C) D) E)
rain cleaned people of their sins a rainbow was a bridge between the sky and earth rainbows were hallucinations seen by delirious nomads at the end of a rainbow was a pot of gold if they had a bath under the rainbow their skins would become smooth
3. According to the passage, when colours blend together A) B) C) D) E)
a kaleidoscope appears in front of our eyes there occurs a disorder called dyslexia sunlight reflects the brighter colours rather than the dark ones they are in an order different from a rainbow usually four or five colours can be seen
Deep into Meaning B
Book One ... Unit 3
Match the words on the left with their meanings on the right.
1. magic 2. heaven 3. separate 4. form 5. curved 6. numerous 7. believe 8. also 9. in front of 10. usually
A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J.
arrange and give shape generally; mostly many, a lot of accept additionally; as well have a smoothly bending surface the place where good people go after death break up; keep apart; disconnect black art; witchcraft before
Indicate whether the statements below are true (T), false (F) or not stated (NS) according to the text. 1 ...........
1. Rainbows usually have a curved shape. .......2. When sunlight shines on raindrops, rainbows are formed. .......3. People in the past thought that if they could walk under a rainbow they would change their identity. .......4. An important scientist tried to change the colors of the rainbow. .......5. Sunlight separates into different dolours in a rainbow, but only four or five colours are usually seen. .......6. When a dull rainbow appears behind another rainbow, its colours will be the same as the first. .......7. People in the past did not know how rainbows are formed.
D
Choose the appropriate definition for each given word as used in the text.
1. past (line 1) a) bygone days b) go along c) many times d) go away 2. occur (line 5) a) become b) read c) come into existence d) have a cure
4. blend (line 1 1 )
a) b) c) d) ,
5- visible (line 12)
a) b) c) d) '
3. reflect (line 11) a) b) c) d)
shine wipe show sunlight
mix marry put on give back
available for visa can be seen have a short visit eye-glasses J
C?
A LONG TRIP Land animals must often wander around searching for food. In the summer, caribou live in the northern regions of North America. At the end of July, they start moving south to escape the harsh cold of winter. They travel together in big herds. During the following spring, they return 5 northwards. Young caribou are born at this time, but the herd doesn't stop for long and keeps moving despite every difficulty. Sometimes, many caribou drown when they cross flooding rivers. Lemmings are small animals that live in northern Europe. When they have a lot of food to eat, they produce many young. As the babies grow, the 10 food can run out. So the lemmings have to start migrating to search for more food. They move along roads and through towns. Many die on the way to a new feeding place. Whales also migrate. Humpback whales, for instance, swim from cold Antarctic waters to warmer seas in tropics. They have their babies in the 75 tropical oceans. After winter, they return to the Antarctic where there is much food. Salmon can live up to nine years. In order to lay their eggs, they migrate upstream from the ocean. It's very hard to swim against the river current. They must jump very high to get over waterfalls. When they finally reach 20 quiet, shallow water far upstream, they lay their eggs. This is called spawning, and Pacific salmon only do it once in their lives. They die soon after laying eggs. Atlantic salmon, however, might return to the ocean and then swim back upstream to spawn more than three times during their lives. A
Choose the best alternative to complete each statement below, according to the text. 1. Caribou begin their migration A) B) C) D) E)
when they feel ready for the long journey from the eastern regions of South America at the end of summer from a place where there is much food to find food more than three times in their lives
2. Lemmings produce many babies when —-. A) they migrate along roads and through towns B) they cross flooding rivers C) there is much food to eat D) they find quiet and a lot of shelter E) they can no longer walk 3. According to the passage, salmon A) B) C) D) E)
give birth to their young in deep waters might return to warmer seas in tropics die when they can't jump over waterfalls lay eggs in shallow waters struggle to lay eggs over a waterfall
Deep into Meaning B
Match the words on the left with their meanings on the right. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
drown run out current migrate for instance despite region northward
9. harsh 10. shallow C
A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H.
move from a place with a reason flowing movement part of a country, a city etc. hard, irritating to the north not deep lack, have no more of something die underwater because of not being able to breathe I. for example J. though, although, in spite of
Indicate whether the statements below are true (T), false (F) or not stated (NS) according to the text. ...... 1. ...... 2. ...... 3. ...... 4. ......5. ...... 6.
D
Book One... Unit 4
Pacific Salmon can live six years at most. Sparrows often migrate from the north to the south. Killer whales have babies in tropical oceans. Lemmings need food in order to migrate Lemmings are tiny animals that live in the northern part of Europe. When migrating, salmon must jump very high to get over waterfalls.
Choose the appropriate definition for each given word as used in the
text. 1. wander (line 1)
a) b) c) d)
astonish search for walk in a circle to move around
2. herd (line 5) a) animal group b) easy to be influenced c) bring together d) shepherd 3. keep (line 6) a) to take with b) continue c) steady d) be together 4. cross (line 7) a) symbol of Christianity b) x-shaped c) to go across d) running 5. flooding (line 7) a) overflow of river or lake because of heavy rain b) making larger in terms of amount c) unable to hold the amount required d) fast moving
THE MAYA One of the most important and highly advanced civilizations in ancient times lived in South America were Mayans. The Mayans were excellent astronomers. They understood the movements of the planets, and they could accurately predict when an 5 eclipse would occur. Surprisingly, however, the Mayans could not build a simple arch. They also had a very simple form of picture writing. But the Mayans were skillful in mathematics. They could count in millions and understood the concept of zero a thousand years before any other people in the world. The Mayan mathematical system used only three 10 symbols, a dot for the number one, a bar for five, and a shell shape for zero. The Mayans also had a calendar. It started in the year 3113 B.C. Instead of weeks, months, and years, the Mayan calendar had the kin for one day, the unial for 20 days, the tun for 360 days, the katun for 7,200 days, and the baktun for 144,000 days. 15 Mayan cities were linked by an advanced trading system. Some had populations of up to 40,000 people. Suddenly, without explanation, around the beginning of the tenth century A.EX, the Mayans abandoned their cities and towns. Even though scholars have suggested a variety of reasons for this surprising event, 20 nobody is absolutely certain what caused the end of Mayan civilization.
A
Choose the best alternative to complete each statement below, according to the text. 1. We know that the Mayans were good astronomers because they —.
A) B) C) D) E)
had a calendar knew the movements of the planets had a developed system of trade understood the concept of zero were skilled architects
2. According to the passage, the Mayans were also —-. A) very honest people B) good mathematicians C} interested in social issues D) hostile towards their neighbours E) skilled navigators
3. We know —. A) B) C) D) E)
that there was only one reason why the Mayans disappeared that some Mayans are still living today that the Mayans had a great interest in biological events nothing about why the Mayan civilization ended that the Mayans were rich people
Deep into Meaning B
Book One ... Unit 5
Match the words on the left with their meanings on the right.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
accurately predict eclipse concept link skillful abandon absolutely occur
10. arch
A. happen B. hiding something by coming before it C. qualified D. say that something will happen in the future E. leave a place forever or for a long time F. completely G. connect H. notion, abstract principle I. a structure curved at the top and supported by a wall or post at both sides J. correctly, precisely
Indicate whether the statements below are true (T), false (F) or not stated (NS) according to the text.
3. 4. ....... 6. ....... 7.
I)
A calendar existed in ancient times. Mayans' picture writing was so good that it was adopted by other societies. Trading was done between Mayan cit ies. Scholars have no definite explanations for the end of Mayan civilization. The Mayan writing system was (based on symbols. The Mayan people made a great contribution to mathematics. The end of Mayan civilization is no longer a mystery.
Choose the appropriate definition for each given word as used in the text.
1. advanced (line 1) a) convinced c) taken forward
b) developed d) promoted
2. bar (line 10) a) store c) metal
b) long string d) rectangular shape
3. trading system (line 15) a) selling system c) system of solving problems
b) system of exchanging goods d) system of catching criminals
4. scholar (line 19)
a) b) c) d)
person who restores ancient civilizations belonging to an academy or school person who studies and knows a lot about an academic subject someone who knows a lot without any formal study
5. suggest (line 19) a) propose, put forward b) delay, postpone for a while c) make clear, visible d) recommend
VOLCANOES The earth seems like a very solid place. We can run or jump up and down on the ground and it will not cave in under our feet. It also supports huge buildings that weigh thousands of tons. But our idea about the earth being a solid place is only because we are 5 living on its surface. Sometimes things happen which give a different picture of the earth's composition. A volcanic eruption is one of them. In ancient times when people saw fire shooting out of a volcano they thought it was because the gods were angry. But with developments in science we have learned much about the interior of the earth and what W causes a volcano to erupt. Far below the surface of the earth things are not as stable as on top. The earth's hard outer surface is only a very thin crust. A thick layer, called the mantle, lies beneath the crust. The core, which might be as hot as 5,500 degrees Celsius, is at the center of the earth. Because of the weight of rocks 75 above, there is a great amount of pressure inside the earth. Pockets of melted material, called magma, exist in the earth's mantle. When pressure inside the earth squeezes magma into weak spots in the surrounding rock? it can reach the surface through a volcano. Magma which comes out on the ground is known as lava. 20 Volcanic eruptions are caused by the pressure of magma and gases inside the earth. Tons of rock, lava, and ash can shoot up into the sky during these tremendous explosions. But if the pressure is not so great, lava just flows out on the earth's surface like thick syrup. After reaching the surface, lava starts to cool down. It can remain on the 25 side of the volcano, making it grow larger. Many islands, such as those in Hawaii, were formed in this way. Rocks and ash thrown out during eruptions can also build up the sides of a volcano. Only about half of the thousand known volcanos in the world are active. Volcanos are considered active if they have erupted from time to time. 30 Even though they are found in all parts of the world, most volcanos are grouped together or exist in long cha ins, usually near the ocean. For instance, the Pacific Ocean is circled by a chain of volcanos. It is known as the Ring of Fire. Every time a volcano erupts, scientists learn more about the causes and 55 effects of volcanic eruptions. Perhaps someday they will even be able to predict when a volcano is about to explode.
Choose the best alternative to complete each statement below, according to the text. 1. A volcanic eruption is —. A) B) C) D) E)
a violent natural shaking of the earth something found in both the South and North Poles a thing which gives shape to the ground a message from the earth something which plays a great role in cities
Deep into Meaning
______________________ Booh One... Unit 6
2. According to the passage —. A) B) C) D) E)
volcanos are in fact passive all over the world people start to form new cities after a volcanic eruption pressure inside the earth causes volcanic eruptions lava begins to get hot on the surface of a volcano there are volcanoes in every country of the world
3. Volcanic activity is monitored by —. A) B) C) D) E)
B
people in a volcanic area formation of waves movement of seas meteorologists seismologists
Match the words on the left with their meanings on the right. 1. solid 2. huge 3. beneath 4. crust 5. exist 6. shoot up 7. syrup 8. explode 9. spot 10. mantle
C
A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J.
thick sweet liquid (esp. sugar and water) below to rise abruptly and precipitously blast, blow up a very small mark very large part of the earth above its core not easily moved or shaken a hard outer covering be, subsist
Indicate whether the statements below are true (T), false (F) or not stated (NS) according to the text. ....... 1. The number of active volcanos is about 500. ....... 2. People thought that the fire shooting out of a volcano was due
the fracture line. ....... 3. Inside the earth there is a great amount of pressure because of the rocks above. ....... 4. Magma and gases which are 5,500°C keep the temperature of the earth's surface stable. ....... 5. Lava flows out to the surface of a volcano and then cools down. ....... 6. With the help of scientific research we know more about the interior of the earth than its surface. ....... 7. After a volcanic eruption, the sides of a volcano are built up by people. ....... 8. Scientists get knowledge about the causes and effects of volcanic eruptions from books. 14 '"'"••"..................'•••' .................... -................................................ '•" •'••••' -'.•*
Book One... Unit 6 D
Deep into Meaning
Choose the appropriate definition for each given word as used h the text. 1. ground (line 2) a) earth b) seal c) position d) place
2. ancient (line 7) a) old b) live c) stay d) left
3. stable (line 11) a) permanent b) durable c) settled d) rigid ,
4. squeeze (line 17) a) pick b) press c) put d) pay
5. tremendous (line 22) a) good b) beautiful c) huge d) clever
AT THE CENTER OF THE STORM Tropical ocean storms that start near the West Indies are called hurricanes. Those that begin in the Pacific Ocean are called typhoons. Hurricanes are made up of a large circle of storm clouds hundreds of kilometers wide. There is a hole, called the eye of the hurricane, in the 5 middle of the clouds where the air is completely calm. We don't exactly know what causes these storms. They start near the equator where the air is hot, damp, and still. When this air rises, rain clouds form. Then something causes the clouds to start turning. The hot air at the center forms an eye, and the storm becomes a hurricane whe n the wind 10 reaches a speed of 119 kilometers an hour. = Hurricanes are very strong. Wind speeds may reach 322 kilometers an hour. The storm causes huge ocean waves which can flood towns and cities along the coastline. Hurricanes can also uproot trees and tear buildings apart. 15 People living along the route of a hurricane get hit by two storms. First comes the blowing wind and driving rain of the initial line of clouds. After a while, the storm lessens and the rain stops. The air becomes -hot and still. At this point, the eye is passing overhead. Sometimes it takes more than an hour to move on. After the eye passes, the back portion of clouds arrives. 20 The storm becomes intense. The wind blows and the rain pours down. Eventually this part of the storm also passes on. Hurricanes and typhoons are named in alphabetical order. Every year, the first hurricane of the season is given a name beginning with A, the second receives a name starting with B, and so on.
Choose the best alternative to complete each statement below, according to the text. 1. Hurricanes are storms which —.
A) B) C) D) E)
start near the West Indies always stay calm happen in the Pacific Ocean finish quickly tear people apart
2. According to the passage —. A) B) C) D) E)
storms begin around the poles hurricanes and typhoons both happen in the Pacific the reason for these storms is yet unexplained there isn't any relationship between storms and ocean waves typhoons do not do any damage to coastal areas
3. Hurricanes may have wind speeds —. A) B) C) D) E)
uplifting on the equator zone of more than 250 kilometers per hour of not more than 119 kilometers per hour that are named in alphabetical order which cause typhoons
B Match the words on the left with their meanings on the right. 1. flood 2. typhoon 3. intense 4. completely 5. calm 6. damp 7. still 8. huge 9. hurricane 10. coastline
A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J.
great in strength or degree, concentrated very large the shape of a coast wet totally a storm with very strong fast winds quiet, untroubled violent Pacific storm not moving great overflow of water
Indicate whether the statements below are true (T), false (F) or not stated (NS) according to the text. ....... 1. We can describe the storms that begin in the Pacific Ocean or
near the West Indies as tropical storms. ....... 2. Hurricanes and typhoons start where the air is hot and humid, ....... 3. A hurricane is a kind of storm which is weak, ....... 4. In the formation of hurricanes, rain clouds have a major role. ....... 5. Typhoons and hurricanes can uproot massive things from the
earth. ....... 6. The eye of a storm is its most violent and destructive part. ...... 7. Hurricanes and typhoons are assigned particular numbers,
D
Choose the appropriate definition for each given word as used in the text. 1. uproot (line 13) a) turn upside down b) tear up by the roots c) break down d) plant
Deep Into Meaning 2. tear (line 13) a) full of water b) pull apart or into pieces c) drop of liquid that comes from the eye d) a great amount of water
3. route (line 15) a) side b) turn c) way d) signal
4. blowing (line 16) a) forming b) sending out a strong current of air c) running d) shouting
5. initial (line 16) a) happening at the beginning b) forming at the end c) unique d) having the quality of goodness
Book One... Unit 7
A MAN OF COURAGE AND DETERMINATION In 1977, a Canadian basketball player named Terry Fox began to feel pain in his right leg. The doctors who examined him found cancer and amputated his leg above the knee. For most people, this would have meant the end of running. But Terry 5 Fox was not an ordinary person. He had a strong will, and he decided to run all the way across Canada to raise money for cancer research. Terry's run was called the "Marathon of Hope". Beginning on Canada's eastern coast, Terry ran about 30 miles a day. He ran in all types of weather, rain, snow, and burning heat. Sometimes the 10 stump on his amputated leg would bleed, but he didn't stop. Soon people began to take notice of Terry's marathon. They came by the hundreds to watch him pass by. In Toronto alone, ten thousand people cheered him on. He was written about in newspapers around the world. After Terry had run over 3,000 miles and was coming to the end of his 15 run, he began to feel pains in his neck and had trouble breathing. The cancer had spread to his lungs, and Terry couldn't continue his marathon. Even though he died from cancer before reaching his goal of crossing Canada, Terry raised millions of dollars for the study of the deadly disease. He also inspired millions of people by his great courage and strength of will. A
Choose the best alternative to complete each statement below, according to the text. 1. According to the passage, the amputation of Terry's leg above the knee —. A) B) C) D) E)
did not mean the end of running for him cheered thousands of people gave pains in his neck and difficulty in breathing caused some pain in his right leg made him despair
2. Because of Terry's courage and determination, —. A) B) C) D) E)
people ran across Canada people lost their lives many people were inspired and many joined him it was proven that 3.000 miles could be run millions of dollars have been collected for cancer research
3. Although Terry wasn't able to fulfill his goal of crossing Canada, —. A) he accomplished his purpose of showing the importance of cancer research B) he was able to meet people from different parts of the world C) he ran in all types of weather D) he ran the eastern coast E) he ran about 30 miles a day
Deep Into Meaning B
Book One ... Unit 8
Match the words on the left with their meanings on the right.
4 .
1. examine 2. amputate 3. will marathon 5. stump 6. neck 7. breathe 8. inspire
9. courage 10. cheer
A. B. C. D.
cut off bravery inhale and exhale air volition - mental faculty by which one deliberately decides upon a course of action . F. G. analyze in detail acclaim with happiness H. stimulate to action a part that remains after the I. J. main part has been cut off a long distance race the part of the body joining the head to the trunk
Indicate whether the statements below are true (T), false (F) or not stated (NS) according to the text. ...... 1. The pain in Terry's right leg was caused by cancer. ...... 2. Terry Fox encouraged disabled people to run. ...... 3. The "Marathon of Hope" aimed to collect money for cancer
research. ...... 4. Terry's marathon was not supported by non-profit organizations. ...... 5. Inspired by Terry Fox's great courage and will, many people
founded cancer research institutions. ..... 6. Terry was able to complete his marathon even though the cancer had spread to his lungs. ..... 7. Terry started to feel some pain in his body midway through the marathon.
D
Choose the appropriate definition for each given word as used in the text. 1. determination (title) a) resoluteness b) strike c) sentence d) regulation 2. pain (line 2) a) injury b) penalty for a crime c) a feeling of discomfort d) bleeding in the body 3. ordinary (line 5) a) exceptional b) random c) abnormal d) common
raise (line 6) a) erect b) increase c) bring up d) collect
5.
spread (line 16) a) extend b) scatter c) develop d) progress
THE LARGEST BIRD IN THE WORLD The largest living birds can't fly! They are so big that it has become impossible for them to take off into the air. Their wings are like big fans and are too weak to lift the birds up off the ground. Even though they can't fly, ostriches can run. They are almost as fast as 5 racehorses. Their wings help them keep their balance while running. Ostriches live in large flocks in the dry areas of Africa. They wander around looking for food, usually plants or small reptiles. Because the birds live in dry regions, they often have to go a long time without drinking water. This isn't a problem as long as they have enough green plants to eat. JO The male ostrich is a good father and helps care for the babies. He digs a shallow hole in the sand and sits on it. The mother bird lays the eggs in front of him, and he puts them into the hole. He incubates the eggs with his warm body every day from the afternoon until the next morning. The mother keeps the eggs warm the rest of the time. 75 After the babies hatch, both parents look after them and protect them from danger. If a threatening animal appears, one parent attacks it and the other hurriedly leads the babies to a safe place. Ostriches are good fighters. One kick from their large, two-toed feet can tear open a lion's body. Choose the best alternative to complete each statement below, according to the text. 1. The wings of ostriches help them —.
A) B) C) D) E)
threaten their enemies fly when they are in danger keep their balance while running run fast in a hurry when their babies are in danger make shade when it is very hot
2. According to the passage, ostriches —. A) B) C) D) E)
live in small groups need a lot of drinking water give milk to their young also live in some regions of America like eating plants
.
3. The female ostrich —. A) B) C) D) E)
lays the eggs in water digs a shallow hole in the sand keeps the eggs warm in the morning incubates the eggs at night feeds the babies whenever the male astrich wants
Deep into Meaning B
Book One ... Unit 9
Match the words on the left with their meanings on the right. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
take off weak ostrich lift flock wander dig region shallow lay
A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J.
area a group of animals not deep rise up in flight move about at random produce eggs not physically strong elevate a big bird remove sand with a tool
Indicate whether the statements below are true (T), false (F) or not stated (NS) according to the text. ....... 1. Ostriches can't fly because they have small wings. ....... 2. Ostriches are good runners. ....... 3. Ostriches live in cold regions. ....... 4. Ostriches eat reptiles or plants. ....... 5. The female ostrich digs a shallow hole in the sand. ....... 6. The mother also incubates the eggs with her warm body. ....... 8. Ostriches cannot defend themselves properly.
D
Choose the appropriate definition for each given word as used in the text. 4. threatening (line 16) reptile (line 7) a) insects, bees a) coming in a dangerous way b) eagles, falcons, seagulls b) searching c) snakes, lizards, earthworms c) turning over in the desert d) elephants, leopards, chetaahs d) with aim of harming 2. incubate (line 12) a) lay on ground b) keep warm c) walk around d) turn up and down 3. hatch (line 15) a) come out of, break out of b) grow into c) produce rapidly d) pull inside, suck
5. hurriedly (line 17) a) quickly b) seriously c) nervously d) carefully
10 THE MECHANICAL CHESS-PLAYINC- TURK In the eighteenth century, an inventor named Baron Wolfgang von Kempelen built a mechanical robot that could play chess. The machine looked like a man and was dressed in Turkish clothing. The chess-playing Turk could win every game it played! 5 The robot was built in Vienna in 1769. It sat behind a chest which was 4 feet long, 2 feet wide, and 3 feet high. A chessboard lay on the chest, and the Turk moved the pieces with his left hand. Before games, Baron von Kempelen opened the chest to show people the complicated machinery inside. The robot beat many famous opponents JO at chess, including Empress Catherine the Great of Russia and Napoleon Bonaparte. But this amazing invention was a fake, and the Baron was a trickster. Many people believed that the games were played by very good chess-playing midgets. Actually, a full-grown man could fit in the chest 75 and control the robot. Magnets were attached to the base of the chess pieces, and small metal balls were connected to threads below the chessboard. The balls stuck to the top of the chest because of the magnets. When the chessmen were moved, the player hiding in the chest could keep track of the game by 20 watching the movement of the balls. Only after Baron von Kempelen died in 1804 was the secret of the mechanical chess-playing Turk discovered. The machine was brought to the United States and put in a museum in Philadelphia. Unfortunately, this interesting device was destroyed in a fire in 1854. Choose the best alternative to complete each statement below, according to the text. 1. The Baron convinced people by —. A) playing games with very good chess- playing midgets B) showing them the complicated machinery inside C) saying that the machinery was built in Vienna with high technology D) saying his robot could beat even Napoleon Bonaparte E) saying that there was a Turk inside 2. The trick was that A) people saw the full-grown man who fit in the chest and controlled the robot B) people noticed that the games were played by very good chess-playing midgets C) since there were magnets, the player hiding in the chest was able to follow the game by watching the movement of the metal balls D) a chessboard lay on the chest, and the Turk moved the pieces with his left hand E) the robot had very complicated machinery inside
Deep into Meaning
Book One... Unit 10
3. The mystery of the robot was solved —.
A) B) C) D) E) B
after it was put in a museum only after it was brought to the USA after it was destroyed in a fire in 1854 after the death of the Baron in 1804 after the defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte
Match the words on the left with their meanings on the right. 1. 2.
include opponent
A. B.
3. 4. 5. 6.
trickster chest midget secret
C. D. E. F.
a person who produces something new a game for two players each of whom moves 16 pieces across a board a box with a lid or cover a very small person j
i
7. chess 8. fake 9. complicated 10. inventor
G. H. I. J.
i
difficult to understand a person who is against something or someone •
contain something kept hidden person who deceives or cheats others something that is not what it looks like
Indicate whether the statements below are true (T), false (F) or not stated (NS) according to the text. f .......1. The chess-playing Turk was the name of a mechanical robot. .......2. The clothing of the robot symbolized the quality of being
unbeatable .......3. The chess-playing Turk was seldom beaten. .......4. The robot defeated some famous people like Napoleon
Bonaparte and Empress Catherine the Great. .......5. Baron Wolfgang von Kempelen deceived people by his tric k. .......6. The player hiding in the chest was a Turk. ....... 7. The secret of the robot was discovered in Philadelphia.
D
Choose the appropriate definition for each given word as used in the text. 1. wide (line 6) a) edge b) broad c) long d) size 2. beat (line 9) a) compete b) injure c) defeat d) succeed 3. include (line 10) a) complain c) comprise
4. attach (line 16}
a) b) c) ' d)
match close connect keep off
5. destroy (line 24)
a) b) c) d)
ruin deliver strike betray
b) progress d) comment
11 AN ARMY OF ANTS An army is advancing through the forest, attacking every living creature in its path. But the soldiers aren't people, they're ants! They are called army ants and they are searching for food. The soldiers find a sick armadillo that can't move. It's much bigger than 5 the ants, but they swarm over it in their thousands and chew it to bits. Army ants don't live in a nest. Once in a while, they stop moving and "make camp", maybe beneath a tree. The insects form a big, glistening cluster. Their queen then lays thousands of eggs. At the same time, thousands of other baby ants lie in cocoons, slowly changing into adults. 10 After about ten days, the eggs hatch into small grubs called larvae. The young ants have also become adults by this time, and they hatch from thencocoons. Both the larvae and the young adults are very hungry. They must eat, so the army begins moving in a search for food. The ants can't see where they are going. Most types of army ants are 15 blind. As each ant moves forward, it leaves a scent trail. So the ants simply follow one another's trails. Because the ants in the lead have no trail to follow, the whole column moves forward blindly.
A
Choose the best alternative to complete each statement below, according to the text. 1. Ants carry home food which is bigger than themselves by —. A) B) C) D) E)
taking the food on their backs and moving together using saliva swarming over the food and chewing it to bits stopping and often taking a rest while moving the food burying the food
2. Baby ants turn into adults —. A) B) C) D) E)
after the queen lays thousands of eggs only after hatching from their cocoons when they turn into larvae about ten days from birth after laying eggs
3. Although ants are blind, they can follow each other because —-. A) B) C) D) E)
they remember where they had passed before they hold each other's back foot in order not to lose each other they keep track of their leader the whole ant column moves forward in sequence they leave a scent trail to follow
Deep into Meaning B
Book One ... Unit 11
Match the words on the left with their meanings on the right.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
cocoon forward swarm hatch adult scent cluster trail bit larvae
A. a distinctive odor B. cause to emerge from an egg C. small piece, portion D. a group of things gathered closely together E. tending toward the front F. a newly hatched insect G. a mark trace or path left by a moving body H. one that is fully grown or mature I. the silky or fibrous pupal case spun by larvae J. move quickly in large numbers
Indicate whether the statements below are true (T), false (F) or not stated (NS) according to the text. 1.
2. 3. 4. 5.
D
Ants attack every living creature in their path when they are advancing through the forest. A sick insect can defend itself from being eaten. Some ants live beneath a tree. The queen eats some of the worker ants to have strength. Baby ants in cocoons become adults in ten days. The leading ants always know where they are going. Although ants are blind, they leave a scent trail to follow.
Choose the appropriate definition for each given word as used in the text.
advance (line 1) a) raise b) hasten c) propose d) to move forward
2. attack (line 1)
a) b) c) d)
criticize strongly assist to set upon with violent force to start working with vigor
3. search (line 3) a) look for b) go around c) instigate d) examine
4. chew (line 5) a) grind with the teeth b) talk idly c) mix d) disobey
5. lay (line 8) a) put forth b) assign c) locate d) produce and deposit
12 THE TROJAN HORSE In ancient times, there was a famous city named Troy. It was protected by huge walls with sturdy gates. An army of Greeks had attacked Troy for a number of years, but they could not capture it. One day the Trojans awoke to find that the enemy had departed. It 5 seemed that the Greeks had given up the siege, boarded their ships, and sailed away. The people of Troy were very happy. At the same time, they saw a large wooden statue of a horse in front of the city gates. The Trojans thought that it was an offering from their enemy, and they brought it inside the walls. 10 After celebrating their victory well into the night, the Trojans went to sleep. Not everyone in the city was asleep however. Sounds came from inside the horse. Suddenly a secret door opened, and Greek soldiers began climbing out of the statue. They quietly made their way to the gates of the city and unlocked them. Outside, the rest of the Greek army, which had 15 only pretended to leave, was waiting. The soldiers swiftly entered the city and began lighting fires and killing the Trojans while they slept. The trick had worked, and Troy was captured and destroyed by the Greeks. The story of the Trojan Horse is very old, and for centuries, people believed that it was true. Eventually, however, it came to be regarded as 20 fictional. Choose the best alternative to complete each statement below, according to the text 1. According to the passage, the Greek army —.
A) B) C) D) E)
was made up of sturdy soldiers departed from the city without a fight unlocked the gates and allowed the Trojans to come in awakened to find that the Trojans were sleeping entered the city with the help of a wooden horse
2. Seemingly, the Greeks had given up the siege, but —.
A) B) C) D) ' E)
Helena changed the plan some Trojans entered the Greek headquarters they were just pretending to withdraw lack of food and ammunition made it worse they thought of offering a present to Agamennon
3. When the Trojans saw the giant wooden horse, —-.
A) B) C) D) E)
they really appreciated that work of art they thought that it was a gift from their enemy being in a state of shock, they pretended to be calm they were sleeping sounds came from inside the horse
Deep into Meaning
Book One ... Unit 12
Match the words on the left with their meanings on the right.
1. huge 2. secret 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
eventually offering swift siege depart destroy wooden pretend
A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J.
made of wood very large to leave a place, e.g. city damage and ruin completely to put on a false show hidden gift, present happening at a later time or at the end quick surround to attack
Indicate whether the statements below are true (T), false (F) or not stated (NS) according to the text. ....... 1, Trojans invaded the legendary city of the Greeks. ....... 2. When everyone in the city had falle n asleep, the hidden soldiers
got out of the horse. ..... 3. The Trojans were known to be the most cunning people in the 5"1 century. ....... 4. It was very easy for the Greeks to conquer Troy. ....... 5. The large wooden horse actually had all the Greek army inside. ....... 6. The Trojan Horse story was thought to be absolutely real in the past. ..... 7. The soldiers entered Troy with loud noises to frighten their enemies. D
Choose the appropriate definition for each given word as used in the text. sturdy (line 2) a) strong b) stubborn c) hard d) huge 2. capture (line 3) a) keep an eye b) catch c) conquer d) arrest 3. board (line 5) a) get on b) have a board c) start d) separate
4. swiftly (line 15) a) very rarely b) quickly c) suddenly d) smoothly 5. regard (lines 19) a) show admiration b) pay attention c) state d) consider
13 THE STORY OF AUSTRALIA Simeon Lord was an English robber who was put in jail for stealing some bolts of cloth. Because the prisons in England were so crowded, he was sent to Australia. His ship arrived at Sydney Cove in Australia in 1791. As Simeon left 5 the boat, he looked around at the new land. The sun was very hot, and a few huts along the shore were the only dwellings. Some fields bordered by a great forest stretched into the distance beyond the shoreline. Simeon would live here for the next seven years. Simeon was among one of the earliest groups of British prisoners sent to 10 Australia. The first convicts had arrived three years before in 1788. Only a few white settlers were living in the country. Most of Australia's inhabitants at the time were Aborigines. They had been there for centuries. In the following eighty years, thousands of English convicts were transported to Australia. They led a hard life in the new land. Many died 75 while toiling in the fields or working on building projects. They also died from starvation and disease. However, some of the prisoners survived and even managed to prosper. Simeon Lord was among the lucky few who lived. He gained his freedom after se*ven years of confinement. Rather than returning to 20 England, he became a merchant, bringing food and supplies to the new colony at Sydney Cove. Over time, the settlement grew. Today, Sydney is the largest city in Australia. Choose the best alternative to complete each statement below, according to the text. 1. Though a few white men were living in Australia in 1791 —.
A) B) C) D) E)
they were happy in their new colony a thought was stuck on their minds: To survive most of the dwellers of the land were Aborigines their hearts were burning with desire to return to their homeland they were among the first descendants of today's Australians
2. Upon arriving at Sydney Cove, Simeon Lord —. A) thought that it was paradise on earth B) looked around the new land and saw a few houses on the shore C) was the first man to settle in the wild lands of Canberra County D) immediately called his servant who was working in the fields E) was among the lucky ones who survived 3. Many of the criminals in that island prison —. A) spent many years of imprisonment in buildings detached from the outside world B) tried to escape rather than bear this burden C) died while working hard in the fields or on building projects D) were the merchants of dirty tricks in England E) were placed in concentration camps in the forests
Deep into Meaning B
Book One ... Unit 13
Match the words on the left with their meanings on the right.
1. dwelling 2. cove 3. hut 4. inhabitant 5. toil 6. prosper 7. settlement 8. convict 9. stretch 10. robber
A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J.
thief, burglar house, residence colony a small house extend, reach someone living in a place bay, inlet work hard, struggle succeed, advance criminal, prisoner
Indicate whether the statements below are true (T), false (F) or not stated (NS) according to the text. ...... 1. Simeon Lord was a rich businessman whose ship had gotten lost
in the open sea. ...... 2. The first convicts arrived in Australia before Simeon. ...... 3. One morning, Lord awoke to find that he was a prisoner of the
Aborigines. ...... 4. The English established a new; colony in Sydney Bay. ...... 5. The prisoners were able to get along with the Aborigines. ...... 6. Indeed, Australia was a dry and cool land without trees. ...... 7. The reason why criminals were sent to Australia was the lack of
a place for them in England. r
D
c?
Choose the appropriate definition for each giv en word as used in the text.
1. jail (line 1) a) judgement b) prosecution c) prison d) trial
4. confinement (line 19)
2. border (line 6)
5. merchant (line 20)
a) march along a line b) cover an owned area c) touch the edge or a boundary d) live near a country 3. starvation (line 16) a) hunger b) fight c) miscarriage d) loss
a) b) c) d)
confusion entrance compliment imprisonment
a) transporter b) person who makes trades -, c) person who grows industrial plants d) one who makes international agreements
WATCHING THE WEATHER Everyone watches the weather, but no one can determine exactly how the weather will be tomorrow or next week. Scientists who study the weather can't even tell this. These scientists are called meteorologists, and they try to forecast the 5 weather. Sometimes their forecasts are wrong because the weather changes so quickly. In many ways, meteorologists work like detectives. They search for clues about the weather. They measure the speed and direction of the wind. They record the temperature, air pressure, and amount of moisture in the 10 air. With radar, they can even locate approaching storms more than 300 kilometers away. Meteorologists also release gas-filled balloons into the sky. These balloons carry instruments that measure weather conditions and radio the information back to special stations on the earth. 75 Satellites in space also watch the weather. They take pictures of the clouds below and storms which are forming. The photos are then sent to earth. Meteorologists collect reports about the weather from all over the world. With this information, they prepare special weather maps. Forecasts are 20 made by using computers, and the information is eventually sent on to you.
Choose the best alternative to complete each statement below, according to the text. 1.
By using radars, meteorologists —. A) use the information sent by satellites . B) work like detectives to forecast the weather C) search for clues about the weather D) continuously forecast possible tornadoes E) can find storms coming from hundreds of miles away
2. Instruments in balloons measure weather conditions and —. A) B) C) D) E)
monitor the changes in the seas collect reports about the weather from all over the world record the moisture in the air send the information to stations on the earth try to determine the following day's forecast
3. Satellites in space —. A) B) C) D) E)
send signals to the earth measure the speed and direction of the wind photograph storms and clouds below are made of ceramic to resist atmospheric heat record the temperature, air pressure and moisture
Deep into Meaning
B
Book One... Unit 14
Match the words on the left with their meanings on the right. 1.
determine
A.
2. radio 3. forecast 4. clue 5. exactly 6. measure 7. even 8. eventually 9. record 10. instrument
B. C.
information helping to solve a problem, hint write down to be used later to find the size / weight / speed etc.
D.
yet
E. tool used for a certain task F. at last, in the end G. completely, thoroughly H. decide I. broadcast J. predict with the help of some information
Indicate whether the statements below are true (T), false (F) or not stated (NS) according to the text. ....... 1. ....... 2. ....... 3. ....... 4.
..5.
D
Meteorologists prepare special weather maps by collecting information from all over the world. Scientists who study the weather determine weather changes. Meteorologists inform local TV stations about the weather. A meteorologist works like a detective since he uses radar and satellites. The photos taken by satellites show clouds below and storms which are forming. The gas in balloons helps predict weather conditions. Meteorologists' predictions can be wrong because sometimes they get wrong information. The occupation of a meteorologist is not only to forecast the weather, but also to tell the future.
Choose the appropriate definition for each given word as used in the text. moisture (line 9} a) tiny drops of water b) traces of mud c) a cloud d) dirt in the atmosphere 2. locate (line 10) a) find the exact place b) sense c) predict d) give position 3. approaching (line 10) a) becoming stronger b) coming close c) becoming bigger d) turning into
4.
release (line 12) a) newly publication b) move up c) let so d) recover form (line 16) a) give a shape b) keep in fit c) grow into adulthood d) begin to exist and develop
AFRICAN CROCODILES Even though they are smaller now, African crocodiles look the same as they did during the time of the dinosaurs. Dinosaurs died out long ago, but crocodiles continue to live on the earth. Because crocodiles are similar to dinosaurs, scientists can learn about 5 life on our planet 70 million years ago. Crocodiles are among the largest reptiles. They live near rivers and spend most of the day lying in the sun. At night, they stay in the water. Fish are a favourite food for small crocodiles. Larger crocodiles can eat big animals. They float on the water like logs, waiting to surprise an 10 animal. When the animal comes to the river to drink, the crocodile grabs its head or leg. The reptile pulls the animal into the water, drowns it, and tears it apart. Female crocodiles dig holes along the river bank. They lay their eggs in the holes and cover them with sand. Mother crocodiles guard their eggs. 15 Baby crocodiles make tiny croaking sounds when they hatch. When their mother hears these noises, she starts digging to let them out of the hole. She then puts the babies into a special pouch in her mouth. The baby crocodiles can look out between their mother's teeth. With her mouth half-closed, she takes her babies to the water. Choose the best alternative to complete each statement below, according to the text. 1. Since the time of dinosaurs, African crocodiles —.
A) B) C) D) E)
have become extinct have kepi their body identical without even a small change have died because they could not survive have been studied by scientists have kept their body unchanged though they were bigger than they are now
2. African crocodiles spend their time near rivers —. A) B) C) D) E)
searching for small fish which are their favourite food floating on the water like logs lying in the sun and staying in the water at night looking for large reptiles to have a good meal waiting for an animal to surprise
3. When newly-born crocodile babies make sounds after hatching, A) B) C) D) E)
the mother grabs their heads the mother crocodile guards them the mother digs and lets them out of the hole the mother puts them into a special pouch in her mouth the mother crocodile covers the hole with sand
Deep into Meaning
Book One... Unit 15
Match the words on the left with their meanings on the right.
B
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
crocodile almost reptile favourite drown sand croak hatch pouch
A. emerge from an egg B. a low hoarse sound C. a large tropical aquatic reptile D. kill by suffocating in water E. any of various cold- blooded vertebrates F. one liked above all others G. nearly H. a part of the body which is like a pocket I. loose, granular, gritty particles of disintegrated rock
Indicate whether the statements below are true (T), false (F) or not stated (NS) according to the text. ....... 1. African crocodiles have not changed but have become smaller
since the time of the dinosaurs. ....... 2. Crocodiles always live in the water. ....... 3. Both dinosaurs and crocodiles died out long ago. ....... 4. Mother crocodiles protect their babies until they can swim. ....... 5. Scientists can learn about the life of other creatures that lived in the past by examining crocodiles. ....... 6. Baby crocodiles become adults several weeks after birth. ....... 7. Reptiles eat other animals by drowning them and tearing them apart. D
Choose the appropriate definition for each given word as used in the text.
4. 1. log (line 9) a) A device used to determine the speed of a ship b) A trunk or section of a fallen tree e) A record of a ship's speed f) A flat, carrying device in water 2. grab (line 10) a) arrest b) make something happen c) grasp suddenly d) capture
3. tear (line 11) a) b) c) d)
disunite cry pull apart or into pieces make worse
bank (line 13) a) side b) middle c) small island d) river bed
5. lay (line 13) a) manufacture b) produce c) seize d) deceive
Too
MUCH OF
A
GOOD THING
All of us dream of living in a warm climate and lying in the sun all day. But scientists are saying that we are getting too much sun and it can be harmful. Although the sun is necessary for human life, it also contains harmful rays. 5 For millions of years the earth was protected from these rays by a layer of a gas called ozone. Now this layer is being damaged by chemicals used in refrigerators, air conditioners and aerosol cans. These chemicals destroy the ozone and large holes are appearing in this layer allowing the harmful rays of the sun to reach the earth. 10 The earth is also getting too warm because of too much carbon dioxide. This gas is produced by the burning of fuels to warm our homes, to run our cars and to manufacture things we need. This gas is used by trees and plants, but everywhere in the world trees and plants are being cut down. In the meantime, more and more carbon dioxide is being made. Since the 15 plants can't use it up as fast as it is made, it collects in the sky and prevents the earth from cooling. Scientists are afraid that as the world gets warmer, the polar ice caps will melt and thousands of cities near the coasts of the continents will be underwater. Global warming and damage to the ozone layer can be stopped, but we 20 must all do our share to stop them.
Choose the best alternative to complete each statement below, according to the text. 1. Although we dream of lying in the sun all day, it is also —-.
A) B) C) D) E)
necessary for human life damaging to the body protected by the atmosphere destroying the ozone layer essential in tanning
2. People are exposed to the harmful rays of the sun because of ----.
A) B) C) D) E)
the cutting down of trees and plants the emission of too much carbon dioxide gas the melting of polar ice caps spreading floods on the coasts the destruction of the ozone layer
3. The earth is warmer because of —. A) B) C) D) E)
harmful rays of the sun too much carbon dioxide being produced the burning of artificial fuel the planting of trees the use of air-conditioners
Deep into Meaning B
Book One ... Unit 16
Match the words on the left with their meanings on the right.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
climate contain chemical cap fuel manufacture melt ozone polar prevent
A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J.
a layer of the atmosphere covering change from a solid to liquid state of a pole or poles keep from occuring; stop weather conditions in an area include make pertaining to chemistry material used to produce heat
Indicate whether the statements below are true (J), false (F) or not stated (NS) according to the text. .......1. Being exposed to too much sun causes cancer. .......2. The rays of the sun can be both harmful and beneficial. .......3. Some man-made chemicals damage the ozone. .......4. Carbon dioxide contains two oxygen molecules. .......5. Carbon dioxide mostly results from plants burning fuel. .......6. The earth is not in danger of being underwater. .......7. Global warming will last forever.
D
Choose the appropriate definition for each given word as used in the text.
harmful (line 3) a) outrage b) influencing c) wounding d) damaging
2.
ray (line 4) a) trace b) a kind of gas c) a straight line d) beam of light
4. in the meantime (line 13-14)
a) b) ' c) d)
meanwhile at the same time later on moreover
5. global (line 19) a) sphere b) globe c) worldwide d) earth
3. layer (line 5) a) combined levels of sand or soil b) a thickness of some material over a surface c) covering other things completely d) inhibitor
TEMEL ON AN ISLAND Three survivors from three different countries woke up on the shore of an island one day. They had been swimming for a long time and were very tired when they reached the island, so they fell asleep where they were. When they woke up, the only thing they knew was that they were on a very 5 small island somewhere in the middle of the Pacific. One of the survivors was a Frenchman, the second was a German and the third was Temel, from Turkey. Fortunately they all spoke English and managed to communicate with each other. They decided that the first thing they should do is find some food, because they were all hungry. They searched the island for 10 food, but it was a very small island and there was no food anywhere. But one of the survivors found a strange bottle on the shore and showed it to the others. They all looked at it for a while and then decided to open it to see what was inside. As soon as they opened the bottle, a column of smoke gushed out of the bottle. The smoke formed itself into a cloud, and then a 15 genie appeared as if from nowhere. The genie was so big that his slippers were on the ground and his turban was almost touching the sky. The three survivors got scared, but the genie told them that he would give each of them a wish. Whatever they wanted was no problem. The genie could do anything for them. 20 Because the Frenchman had found the bottle, he decided to go first. He told the genie that he wished to be at home with his family in St. Malo. The genie clapped his hand and the Frenchman was gone. Then the German said that he wished to be in a bar with all his old friends from Hamburg. In the same way the genie clapped his hands for the second time and the 25 German disappeared too. Then the genie asked Temel for his wish, but Temel could not think of what he wanted. Temel thought and thought and then said to the genie: "I can't think of what to wish for, so I wish my friends were back here to help me decide". A
Choose the best alternative to complete each statement below, according to the text. 1. The first thing the survivors did was to —. A) B) C) D) E)
eat something find the energy they needed swim across the ocean look for food dry their clothes
2. We can easily understand that the genie was very tall —. A) B) C) D) E)
because his slippers were on the ground by looking at his physical appearance as his turban almost touched the sky because he formed a big cloud since we know from our cultural background about genies
Deep into Meaning__________________________ Book One... Unit 17 3. Temel's wish made the others' wishes invalid because -•,--. A) B) C) D) E)
they liked the island less than Temel the French and the German wanted to go back to their hometowns they had to return to the island it enabled all of them to have what they all wished he could not make a decision without his friends
B,.-Vocabulary 1. clap happen 2. survivor 3. shore 4. gush (out, from)
C
5. 6. 7. 8.
slippers genie turban wish
9.
form
A. a desire for making a particular thing B. burst, flow out suddenly C. muslim or Indian traditional head covering D. a person remaining alive after an accident, crash,... etc E. a magical spirit with extra powers F. to give shape to something G. the land along the edge of a sea, lake, river H. to put (one's hands) together quickly to make a loud sound I. a light shoe worn indoors
Indicate whether the statements below are true (T), false (F) or not stated (NS) according to the text. .......1. They were all good swimmers but they got tired and could reach
only the island. .......2. There was a settlement on the island. .......3. They were hungry so they looked for some food. ....... 4. One of the survivors found a lamp on the beach. ....... 5. The genie said that he could grant any wish on the condition that
it was reasonable. ....... 6. The German was first to say his wish. ....... 7. The genie appeared in a cloud of smoke. ....... 8. Temel wished the French and the German would help him. D
Choose the appropriate definition for each given word as used in the text. 1. manage (line?) a) get hold of a company b) succeed in a doing or accomplishing c) provide with necessary skills d) be able to fight against an injustice /
C
.
O
2. search (line 9) a) try to find b) look for a lost item c) make a thorough check of something d) obtain a solution to a problem
Book One ... Unit 17 3. scared (line 17) a) frightened b) having a feeling of anxiety c) becoming aware of something d) annoyed
4. disappear (line 25) a) pass out of sight; vanish b) occur c) hide behind something d) come into being
5. decide (line 29) a) the use of deceit b) announce a verdict c) make up one's mind d) consider seriously
Deep info Meaning
WHY DOES THE SUN SEEM To CHANCE COLOUR? Why do the sun and the moon sometimes seem white and at other times yellow or red? When it is in the horizon, the moon often appears to be a bright orange ball. Later, on the same evening, when it is directly overhead, the moon has a more grey-white colour. The sun exhibits the same 5
phenomenon, even though it is harder to look at. The answer is the fact that sunlight - and of course all moonlight is only reflected sunlight - changes as it reaches the earth. Sunlight is white light, but this white light actually contains all the colours of the rainbow. As
sunlight passes through the atmosphere to our eyes, the white light is split JO up into its parts. When sunlight runs into molecules of gases or small particles in our atmosphere, some parts of the white light are scattered. Most of the blue portion is scattered and when the light reaches us it has a warm colour. Later, when the sun or the moon is directly overhead, less of the light is 15
scattered and it has a whiter appearance. Therefore, the change in colour of the sun or the moon from the horizon to the zenith can be explained by the shorter distance the light must travel through the atmosphere as rises. Near the horizon the light passes through more of the atmosphere, while overhead it travels a shorter path and the
20
A
light is less scattered and whiter.
Choose the best alternative to complete each statement below, according to the text. 1. When light travels a longer path it ----.
A) B) C) D) E)
doesn't scatter scatters less and is whiter scatters and is more colourful becomes whiter becomes more blue
2. Sunlight is white light but we see it in different colours because
A) B) C) D) E)
it depends on the day of the week it changes during the process of reaching the earth the distance between the sun and the earth is short it travels through space which is absolutely dark it scatters its white colour to the planets before it reaches the Earth
Book One... Unit 18
Deep into Meaning
3. We see warm colours in the sky when —. A) colder colours cannot be seen by the naked eye B) most of the blue portion separates and is scattered out in our atmosphere C) when it is directly overhead it seems to be whiter D) it travels a greater distance in certain periods of the year E) the sun or the moon are closer to the earth
B
Match the words on the left with their meanings on the right. 1.
horizon
A.
2.
bright
B.
3.
overhead
C.
4. 5. 6. 7.
exhibit rainbow split up particles -
DE. F. G.
8.
portion
H.
9.
therefore
I, ,
10.
distance
J.
to show a particular quality, feeling or type of behaviour to divide so that it is in a number of smaller separate sections small pieces • in conclusion part of something the space between two points or places a colourful arc that we sometimes see in the sky when it is raining the line in the far distance where the sky seems to meet the land or the sea above you or above the place you are talking about the opposite of dark
Indicate whether the statements below are true (T), false (F) or not stated (NS) according to the text. .......1. When you see the moon high up in the sky, it seems to be more
colourful. .......2. It is difficult to look at the sun when it is just rising in the morning. .......3. Sunlight is in fact white light. .......4. We see the moonlight and sunlight in different colours at
different times. ....... 5. Sunlight actually contains the colours of the rainbow. ....... 6. There are two ends of a rainbow and it is easy to locate them using naked eye. ....... 7. Generally the blue part of sunlight is scattered in the
atmosphere.
into Meaning _____________________________ Booh One ...Unit 18 D
Choose the appropriate definition for each given word as used in the text. 1. phenomenon (line 5) a) happening b) scientific clue c) something that is observed to happen or to exist d) so good or great that it is very unusual
2. scatter (line 12) a) spread things over an area b) frighten c) put out of sight d) hide
3. zenith (line 17) a) a time when something is most successful or powerful b) the point at which the sun or moon is directly above you or at its highest c) a particular place during a particular period in history d) global time division
4. rise (line 18) a) increase b) move sideways c) get out of bed d) move upwards
5. path (line 19) a) a piece of land b) a route that you can take or follow c) a line which moves in a particular direction d) distance
OUR ENVIRONMENT "In the time it takes to read this, more than a million pounds of material that could have been recycled will be thrown away all over California." California Against Waste (CAW) Newsletter We are running out of space in which to discard our garbage, and our 5 current methods of disposing of it are endangering the environment. One solution to this problem is recycling. Recycling is the process of collecting used materials and remanufacturing them into new products instead of throwing them away. This process is important because it reduces the trash in overcrowded 10 landfills, salvages materials that we can use to make new products, and save our natural resources. Used products may be converted or reutilized in a number of ways. Paper is reprocessed into new sheets, glass is cleaned and remolded, and plastic is melted and formed into new products such as carpet backing, 15 fence posts, and drainage pipes. Recycling is being done worldwide. Japan recycles 95% of its bottles and 50% of its aluminum; the United States recycles only 20% of its bottles and 38% of its aluminum. In Germany a new law requires product manufacturers to create ways of reusing their packaging material. 20 Helping to solve the garbage crisis is something everyone can do if they just remember the three Rs: "reduce, reuse, and recycle."
Choose the best alternative to complete each statement below, according to the text. 1. According to the passage, the problem of disposing of garbage can be partly solved by —. A) B) C) D) E)
burning sale to factories recycling exporting changing garbage into fuel
2. — is not an outcome of recycling. A) B) C) D) E)
Salvaging material Saving our natural resources Making new material out of old ones Increasing the salary of garbage men Reducing the trash in overcrowded landfills
3. — can be reprocessed into fence posts or drainage pipes. A) Old metal C) Glass
B) Plastic D) Aluminum E) Paper
Deep into Meaning B
Book One... Unit 19
Match the words on the left with their meanings on the right.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
recycle dispose of melt salvage garbage trash endanger convert drainage fence
A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J.
outflow of rainwater waste material get rid of put into a situation that may cause harm change to liquid a barrier for showing a border turn into to process something to use again waste material save something by putting it into use again
Indicate whether the statements below are true (T), false (F) or not stated (NS) according to the text. ...... 1. The lack of space for getting rid of waste material puts recycling
into a new light. ...... 2. Despite a lot of publicity, recycling is not done in Europe. ...... 3. Recycling is too expensive to be done in developing countries. ...... 4. Paper, glass and plastic are examples of materials which are recycled. ...... 5. The United States recycles more of its bottles and aluminum than Japan. .......6. In Germany there has been a law for recycling for almost a decade. ...... 7. Recycling is in extensive use now in countries like the U.S.A., Japan and Germany. ...... 8. The three Rs are recycle, reduce and reverse. D
Choose the appropriate definition for each given word as used in the
text. 1. environment (line 5) a) the world around us b) desire for change c) housing d) facilitation
4. remold (line 13) a) false information b) put into a new shape c) cut down d) make a new product
2. reduce (line 9) a) bring on track b) lead back c) make something less d) do again
5. require (line 18) a) force to do something in b) explain briefly c) ask for help d) to be obliged to do something
3. reutilize (line 12) a) consume b) excessive reserve c) make use of something again d) pollute repeatedly
CLOSE CALL Dan La Flaunt had learned a lot about the land around Mt. Saint Helens on the many camping trips he had made with his father and brothers in the area. His father had taught his sons how to survive in the woods. Out of the four boys, Dan was the only one who liked taking photographs on the trips. 5 On May 17, 1980, Dan's father took him, his brother David, and some friends camping near the mountain. They hoped to get a close look at the steaming volcano, but they made sure their campsite was well outside the danger zone around the mounta in. Early the following morning, the campers woke up suddenly when a 10 huge tremor shook the ground, Dan leapt out of his sleeping bag and grabbed his camera. A huge plume of smoke was rising from Mt. Saint Helens. As clouds of ash and steam exploded from the mountain, Dan snapped pictures. But the wave of smoke and debris, mowing down large trees in its path, headed directly towards the campsite! 15 Leaving everything behind, the group ran to the car and speed off down the road. As they fled, Dan rolled down a window and kept taking pictures. As they raced along, they shouted to other campers to get out as fast as possible. Trees snapped in the wind as it roared by, and bolts of lightning shot through the air* 20 Fortunately, an updraft pushed the strong winds over the tops of the trees as the car approached Riffle Lake. The sky became dark and chunks of mud hit the speeding automobile. The windshield wipers broke so Dan and his father leaned out to wipe the rnud off the glass. When they reached flat ground, after covering fifteen miles in less than twenty minutes, the air 25 was filled with falling ash. After calling their families from a nearby house, they hurried home. But they were still weak and shaking with fright. Dan's exciting photographs were eventually printed in a major American newspaper. Even if other people forget the eruption of Mt. Saint 30 Helens, Dan will always have his pictures to remind him of the tremendous blast and his narrow escape from death.
Choose the best alternative to complete each statement below, according to the text.
1. Reading the passage, we understand tliat -—.
A) _B) C) D) E)
we should be careful about the dangers of living near mountains it is not a good idea to set up camp near an erupting volcano death comes quickly Dan La Flaunt became a famous seismologist volcanos erupt for years
Deep into Meaning __________________________ Book One... Unit 20 2. In spite of the eruption —. A) B) C) D) E)
they did not leave their camp they camped near the mountain Dan kept on taking photographs they were fifteen miles away from the mountain they collected their camping utensils
3. — broke the windshield wipers. A) B) C) D) E) B
Match the words on the left with their meanings on the right. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
C
Ash Wind A tree Lightning Mud
mowing down zone leap steam
A. B. C. D.
trip debris huge flee tremor grab
E. F. G. H. I. J.
a quick shaking, vibrating movement journey to take suddenly the scattered remains of destroyed things to jump over the ground quickly run away from danger etc. region; territory; area hot mist very big destroying in great number
Indicate whether the statements below are true (T), false (F) or not stated (NS) according to the text. ....... 1. It took the campers less than 20 minutes to reach flat ground
after fifteen miles. .....2. While they were running away, Dan kept taking pictures from a window. ....... 3. Mt. St. Helens once erupted in August 1903. ....... 4. The wave of smoke and debris reached the campsite. ....... 5. It wasn't a mistake to camp near the volcano. ....... 6. The eruption occurred when a huge tornado ruined the land. ....... 7. The eruption of Mt. St. Helens was the second in one year. ....... 8. The campers were given medals for their bravery. ....... 9. A great part of the lava began to flow through their car. D
Choose the appropriate definition for each given word as used in the text. 1. survive (line 3) a) escape from b) keep on living c) remain alive d) run away
Booh One... Unit 20 _____________________________Deep into Meaning 2. snap (line 18) a) break suddenly b) immediate death c) seize d) flash
3. chunk (line 21) a) pause b) large piece c) stop d) remain
4. remind (line 30) a) explain briefly b) give information c) reconsider d) make someone remember
5. tremendous (line 30) a) powerful b) wonderful c) excellent d) marvellous
WHY IS THE SKY BLUE?
We all like a nice day with a clear blue sky. But what is it that makes the sky blue? This question has been asked since pre-history. The light coming from the sun is white light but something must happen to it in the atmosphere to make it appear blue to us. White light is made up 5 of a spectrum of colours. If one colour is absorbed or subtracted in some manner, the rest of the light takes on some other colour as a result. In 1869, John Tyndall, a British scientist, suggested that dust and other particles in the atmosphere were the cause of the blue colour. If this were true, though, the sky would change colour depending on the amount of 10 particles in the air. This pointed to the fact that air itself was the reason. When light comes into the atmosphere it is absorbed by gas molecules which become excited by the added energy and then re-emit photons. Photons of different wavelengths have different colours. It was discovered that there are eight times more photons with the blue wavelength. It is 15 because of them that we see what is an apparently blue sky. There are other colours in the sky but there is so much blue that it drowns them out.
A
Choose the best alternative to complete each statement below, according to the text. 1. According to the passage, white —.
A) is the remaining colour of the spectrum which is not absorbed in the atmosphere B) is the easiest of all colours to be absorbed in the atmosphere C) turns into other colours after entering the atmosphere D) is a sign that the weather is good E) inherits all the colours in it 2. The question of what makes the sky blue —-.
A) B) C) D) E)
is hardly discussed hasn't been answered was answered by John Tyndall, in 1867 has been asked by man since the earliest times wasn't asked until 1867
3. In spite of other colours in the sky we see it as blue because —.
A) the other colours are not absorbed in the atmosphere B) dust and particles prevent the light from reaching the surface of the Earth C) the light itself, indeed, is white D) there is a great variety of wavelengths in the sky E) the blue wavelength constitutes the majority of re-emitted photons
Book One... Unit 21 B
Deep into Meaning
Match the words on the left with their meanings on the right.
1. pre-history 2. appear 3. manner 4. cause 5. amount 6. reason 7. discover 8. apparently 9. absorb 10. depend on
A. as far as it can be seen / understood B. to become aware of or learn something that you didn't know before C. the time in history before any information was written down D. seem E. to make something happen F. to be affected or determined by some other thing G. the way in which something is done H. take something in I. a fact or situation which explains why something happens J. how much there is, how much you have, need or get
Indicate whether the statements below are true (T), false (F) or not stated (NS) according to the text. ....... 1. The colour blue cannot be absorbed in the atmosphere during
the absorption process. ...... 2. The colour blue has a drowning function because it is dominant over the other colours. .... 3. The rarest colour in the sky is said to be blue. ....... 4. Before John Tyndall, no other scientist was interested in the colour of the sky. .... 5. It has been discovered that the colour of the sky is the reflection of the oceans. ...... 6. White light contains all of the other colours. ...... 7. We can see all colours of the spectrum when we look at the sky.
D
Choose the appropriate definition for each given word as used in the
text. 1. subtract (line 5)
a) b) c) d)
to take away to add one number to another number to change to feel that one is not qualified enough for something
2. dust (line 7) a) nucleus b) a fine powder such as gold, coal etc. c) dirt d) very small dry particles of earth or sand
Deep into Meaning _____________________________Booh One ...Unit 21 3. emit (line 12) a) to produce energy b) to produce or give out heat, smell, light or gas c) to leave one's native country d) the ability to share another person's feelings and emotions as if they were your own
photon (line 12) a) a technical term in physics, meaning colour b) the study of speech sounds in a particular language c) a particle of light, a technical term in physics d) a technical term in linguistics
5. drown (line 16) a) have large quantities of something b) cover something completely c) a very small drop of water d) visit someone informally, usually without having arranged it beforehand
RAISING A FAMILY Baby mammals generally live inside their mother until they are bom. They are connected to her by a tube. The babies get food and oxygen from their mother's body through the tube. After becoming completely formed, the babies come out of their mother's body. 5 Young mammals all eat the same food. They drink their mother's milk. Baby giraffes, mice, whales and bats all drink milk from their mothers. Often, baby mammals remain weak and he lpless for long time. Kittens, puppies and mice are all born with closed eyes. They open their eyes a few days after birth. Like human babies, they also have weak legs. Their 10 mothers must care for them until they learn to walk. Some baby mammals are stronger. Young giraffes can walk a few hours after birth. As young mammals grow, their jaws strengthen and their baby teeth fall out. When new, sharper teeth grow in their place, the babies can learn to eat adult food. 15 Most small animals learn from their parents how to find food. Plant-eaters leam where to find the tastiest morsels. Meat-eaters learn to hunt. Other animals learn how to swim and dive for their food. Small animals face many dangers. They need their parents' protection to survive. But as they grow older, they must learn to live on their own. They 20 learn how to see, hear, and sense danger. When young mammals can take care of themselves, their parents drive them away. Maybe new babies will be born soon, and the adults will have to spend all their time taking care of them.
Choose the best alternative to complete each statement below, according to the text. 1. The first paragraph describes —. A) B) C) D) E)
how baby mammals are fed by their mothers the rules that a mother mammal should follow during pregnancy of pregnancy and how babies get nutrients the very moment of birth of baby mammals how a baby mammal is formed inside the mother
2. Once a mammal's baby teeth fall out, new and sharper teeth grow —. A) B) C) D) E)
showing the mammal how to hunt gaining power and opening their eyes helping baby mammals digest adult food having them dive for their food finding food with their parents
Deep into Meaning
Book One ... Unit 22
3. Upon becoming mature, mammals — . A) B) C) D) E) B
face no danger learn how to protect themselves need to be fed by parents cannot live on their own take care of their old parents
Match the words on the left with their meanings on the right. morsel 1. 2. connect 3. strengthen 4. form 5. remain 6. weak 7. jaws 8. sharp 9. protect
A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I.
guard come into a shape a small piece of food lacking physical strength bony structures that border the mouth attention become strong having a thin edge or a fine, acute point continue, without change of condition, quality or place 10. care
J. join or become joined Indicate whether the statements below are true (T), false (F) or not stated (NS) according to the text. ....... 1. Giraffes, mice, whales and bats are some examples of mammals which drink milk from their -mothers. ....... 2. Like other newlyborn baby mammals, human babies have weak legs. ....... 3. Mothers stop caring for their babies a few hours after birth. ....... 4. All mammals have instinctive feelings. ....... 5. Animals can be classified as meat-eaters or plant-eaters after they become adults. ....... 6. All young mammals drink milk. ....... 7. When young mammals learn to live on their own, the parents no longer stay with them. ....... 8. AH mammals' talents are innate.
D
Choose the appropriate definition for each given word as used in the text. 1. completely (line 3) a) entirely b) urgently c) formally d) partially
4. survive (line 19) a) exist b) remain alive c) continue doing or having d) grow
2. come out (line 4) a) notice b) disappear c) disclose d) emerge
5. sense (line 20) a) touch b) smell c) feel d) gentle
3. care for (line 10) a) pay b) look after c) carry on d) carefree
AMERICAN ALLIGATORS American alligators are large reptiles with long tails, round noses, and thick, scaly skin that live in the swamplands of the southeastern United States, Alligators lie in warm, sunny places or float in pools of water during the 5 day. At night they hunt fish, frogs, snakes, turtles, rats, and smaller alligators. Although most types of reptiles are very quiet, alligators are noisy creatures. Baby alligators make grunting sounds, and large males bellow like bulls. The noise of their roaring often fills the swamps. 10 Alligators perform many useful tasks in nature. The holes they make for themselves underground later fill up with water and become ponds where fish, birds and other animals can live. Alligators also help the balance of nature by eating turtles that would otherwise eat all the fish in the swampland. 15 In the past, thousands of alligators were killed by hunters who wanted their skins in order to make shoes, belts, purses, and suitcases. Many swamps were also drained to make room for new towns and roads. Some people even wanted to keep baby alligators as pets, but few survived in captivity. All these factors caused a decline in the number of alligators. 20 Luckily, the reptiles are now protected and they are no longer in danger of dying out. A
Choose the best alternative to complete each statement below, according to the text. 1. Alligators spend their time —. A) waiting for an animal to drown and tear it apart B) floating on the water silently waiting to swallow an animal C) hunting fish, frogs, snakes, turtles, rats and smaller alligators during the day D) floating in water and lying in the sun during the day and hunting animals at night E) resting in water all day 2. Alligators differ from other types of reptiles, since —. A) B) C) D) E)
they make grunting sounds they prefer moist weather they are very noisy they have round noses they roar like lions
3. Lots of alligators were hunted —. A) B) C) D) E)
by tourists to reduce their number in urban areas to protect other animals to use their skin in medical cures for their skins or to be kept as pets
Deep into Meaning_____________________________ Book One ... Unit 23 B
Match the words on the left with their meanings on the right. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
skin float swamp tail die out grunt pond
8. balance 9. drain 10. captive
C
A. under restraint or control B. very wet land C. make empty or dry D. utter a low, guttural sound E. equilibrium F. become extinct G. remain suspended in or on the surface of a liquid H. the hind, rear part of an animal I. body of water smaller than a lake J. outer covering of an animal body
Indicate whether the statements below are true (T), false (F) or not stated (NS) according to the text. ....... 1. Alligators always lie in the sun during the whole day. ....... 2. Their skin is used to make shoes, belts, purses etc. ....... 3. Large alligators eat little ones of their own species. ....... 4. Alligators imitate the roar of lions. ....... 5. Fish and birds can live in ponds which were once dug by alligators. ....... 6. Fish in swamplands could become extinct if alligators do not eat turtles. ....... 7. Since swamps were drained to make way for new towns, the number of fish and turtles has declined.
D
Choose the appropriate definition for each given word as used in the text. 1. thick (line 2) a) relatively great in depth or in extent b) dense, concentrated c) not transparent or fluid d) abounding 2. hunt (line 5) a) seek b) search for c) chase and kill for food d) catch 3. otherwise (line 13) a) in other respects b) or else c) unlikely d) in another way
4. pet (line 18) a) small and weak zoo animal b) soft touch c) an animal kept for amusement or companionship d) farm animal 5. decline (line 19) a) refusal b) upward slope c) forward d) reduction
BATS People generally think bats are scary, but they aren't really all that frightening. Bats are one of the very few types of mammals that fly. They have fur on their bodies, and their wings are made of two layers of skin called membrane. The membrane stretches over the bats' arms and finger 5 bones, and is also joined to their legs for additional strength. Because their wings are like hands which can easily change shape, bats can do amazing acrobatics in the air. When bats want to rest, they fold up their wings like an umbrella, tuck their heads inside, and hang upside down by their toes. They usually live 10 together with other bats in caves, bams, attics, and even trees. When a mother bat is ready to give birth, she turns the right way up, hangs from her thumbs, and makes a net by tucking her tail membrane between her legs. The baby is born in the net and stays with its mother for a few days, hanging on to her fur when she is in flight. 15 Bats rest in the daytime and come out at night to hunt- They find their way around in the dark by squeaking as they fly. If there is an object in their path, the squeaks make an echo which the bats can hear. Bats have very large, sensitive ears. Some bats even find their food by using the echoes. Bats usually eat smaLMnsects or rodents, but some prefer fruit instead of 20 meat. The well-known vampire bat from South America drinks the blood of animals for nourishment. At night, vampire bats bite sleeping animals and lick up the blood. Because the bat moves so quietly, the animals generally don't even wake up. A
Choose the best alternative to complete each statement below, according to the text. 1.
Echoes play an important role in the life of bats because —. A) B) C) D) E)
they are intelligent creatures echoes have a low frequency bats play with the help of echoes echoes help them to find their way and in finding the food echoes are good for their eyes
2. A well-known feature of the vampire bat is its —. A) B) C) D) E)
ability to find food wherever it goes drinking blood for food playing games with other bats hunting at night feeding other bats
3. According to the passage, bats are animals —-. A) B) C) D) E)
which frighten people that have the same diet as vampires which can hear low frequency sounds which cannot live in the dark which fly during the day
Deep into Meaning B
Match the words on the left with their meanings on the right. 1. 2. 3. 4.
bam attic scary thumb
5. 6.
membrane rodents
7. acrobatics 8. amazing 9. hang on 10. tuck
C
A. B. C. D.
frightening soft thin skin very surprising the art of balancing something or somebody E. fold in F. building in which crop or animal food is kept G. area under the roof H. the short first digit of the hand I. small mammals like mice, squirrels etc. J. hold tightly to prevent from falling
Indicate whether the statements below are true (T), false (F) or not stated (NS) according to the text. .......1. .......2. .......3. .......4. .......5. .......6. .......7. .......8.
D
Book One ... Unit 24
The wings of bats consist of two layers of skin. Bats can use their wings like feet which can change shape. Bats usually live in caves and use their wings like an umbrella. As soon as a baby bat is born, it stays with its mother. Bats find their way in the light by squeaking. Baby bats drink milk. Echoes have an important role in helping bats find their way. Bats and vampires are used to detect unknown elements in a field.
Choose the appropriate definition for each given word as used in the text.
stretch (line 4) a) pull b) cover some area c) continue forth d) squeeze
2. squeak (line 16) a) search b) silence c) creak d) catch
3. echo (line 17) a) noise b) repetition c) vibration d) reflection of sound
4. nourishment {line 21)
a) b) c) d)
feeding eating counting drinking
5. lick up (line 22) a) suck b) link c) sweep d) digest
THE OZONE LAYER High above the earth's atmosphere there is a thin veil in the stratosphere called the ozone layer, which protects the earth from the sun's destructive ultraviolet (UV) rays. This protective layer is being damaged by chemicals known as 5 chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which are released into the atmosphere by the daily use of such industrial household products as refrigerators, air conditioners, foam insulation, cleaning chemicals, and food packaging. The CFCs rise to the ozone layer, where sunlight breaks them down, releasing chlorine. The chlorine attacks the ozone molecules, thinning it or even 10 making a "hole" in it. This "hole" allows more UV rays to penetrate the earth. Overexposure to UV rays can increase the risk of skin cancer, weaken the immune system, and damage the retina. It is estimated that in the United States alone one in six Americans will develop skin cancer as a 15 result of overexposure to UV rays. Not only are humans at risk; so, too, are animals, plants, and the environment in general. With the thinning of the ozone layer, UV rays can penetrate the oceans, seriously impairing the growth of plankton, an essential part of the marine-life food chain, and can reduce the yields of 20 economically important crops such as soybeans, cotton, and rice.
Choose the best alternative to complete each statement below, according to the text. 1. Our ozone layer is not being damaged by —. A) B) C) D) E)
refrigerators air conditioners food packaging batteries foam insulation
2. The "hole" in the ozone layer is caused by —. A) B) C) D) E)
ozone molecules the growth of plankton the stratosphere UVrays chlorofluorocarbons
3. UV rays can be destructive towards marine-life if they —. A) B) C) D) E)
are damaged cause cancer penetrate the oceans change coast life affect weather conditions
Deep into Meaning B
Book One ... Unit 25
Match the words on the left with their meanings on the right. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
veil layer destructive release insulation penetrate overexposure reduce crops cotton
A. B. C. D.
damaging go through agricultural products being left to face something for a long time E. thin material used to cover something F. protective layer G. set free H. piece of a material covering a surface I. textile material J. decrease
Indicate whether the statements below are true (T), false (F) or not stated (NS) according to the text. ....... 1. The ozone layer is found be tween the stratosphere and the
ionosphere. ....... 2. The protective layer above the earth consists of CFCs. .......3. Broken down CFCs are called chlorine. ....... 4. "Holes" in the ozone layer are formed when the chlorine attacks
ozone molecules. .....5. Skin cancer and damage to the retina are caused by overexposure to UV rays. ....... 6. UV rays strengthen the immune system. ....... 7. Rest of the U.S. skin cancer is rare. .......8. UV rays can damage marine life as well as agricultural products.
D
Choose the appropriate definition for each given word as used in the text. 1. damage (line 4) a) rise rapidly b) happen daily c) harm d) surround
4. marine -life (line 19) a) aviation b) related to ships c) sea-life d) plankton
2. estimate (line 13) a) guess b) foresee c) count dj calculate
5. yield (line 19) a) giving way to something b) a definite quantity c) harvesting d) the produced amount
3. impair (line 18) a) increase b) weaken c) change d) help
OUR WILDLIFE When a plant or animal is gone forever, we say it is extinct. Although extinction is a natural process, in today's world it is happening at an alarming rate. Some experts estimate that one species — plant, animal, or insect — becomes extinct every day. At that rate, within the next 20 years, 5 one-fifth of all species could be extinct. To prevent wildlife in the United States from becoming extinct, Congress passed the Endangered Species Act in 1973. This law established two categories for species in trouble: endangered and threatened. A species is listed as endangered when there are so few members of the species left JO that it is on the brink of extinction. A species is threatened when, if not protected, it is likely to become endangered. The African elephant is one of approximately 1,117 species on the endangered species list, and there are more than 4,000 specie s waiting to be put on the list. Sadly, some may become extinct while waiting to be listed. 15 The African elephant is the largest land mammal on earth. In the 1970s, African elephants numbered in the millions; today there are only about 609,000. This decline has been brought about by loss of habitat (through encroachment by people), drought, and the ivory trade. To reduce elephant-poaching and eliminate the market for ivory, in 1989 20 the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) banned the ivory trade. However, poaching continues. "What is the solution? On the road from Makuti to Kariba, far from the preserves, in the Zambezi valley, vast stretches of savanna bear the scars left by giants. Will they be left to proliferate, even if ivory loses its value?" A
Choose the best alternative to complete each statement below, according to the text. 1. According to the law a species is endangered if —.
A) B) C) D) E)
it is showing signs of illness it has few members it does not have a habitat there are many disadvantages for them it is liked by people
2. The African elephant is —. A) not covered by the Act in 1973 '
B) C) D) E)
•*
almost extinct the largest land mammal not in danger today not on the threatened species list yet
3. According to scientists —. A) B) C) D) E)
extinction of some animals is inevitable in the world almost all animal species are threatened animal poaching has declined animals should be kept in preserves to prevent hunting one-fifth of all species can become extinct in two decades
Deep into Meaning
Book One ... Unit 26
Match the words on the left with their meanings on the right. 1. extinction 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
proliferate prevent threatened brink habitat drought stretch valley scar
A. edge B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J.
area of land between mountains a mark on the skin (or land) a long period without any rain area being in danger place of living increase rapidly in number hinder an end to existence
Indicate whether the statements below are true (T), false (F) or not stated (NS) according to the text. ....... 1. The extinction rate of animal species is relatively low today. ....... 2. The ESA of 73 was passed by Congress to prevent the
extinction of wildlife. .....3. There are two types of all animal species: endangered and threatened. ....... 4. The Asian elephant is extinct in most parts of the world. ....... 5. Some species of animals will become extinct while they wait to be listed. .....6. The decrease in the number of elephants is mostly due to loss of habitat. .....7. Poaching has stopped with the banning of the ivory trade in 1989. .....8. Elephants used to proliferate in the broad stretches of savanna.
I)
Choose the appropriate definition for each given word as used in the text. 1. estimate (line 3) a) judge b) indicate c) mark d) guess
4. poaching (line 21) a) catching illegaly b) trade c) growing in danger d) finding without permission
2. eliminate (line 19) a) cover up b) stop c) stand in d) get on
5. vast (line 24) a) thick b) narrow c) broad d) deep
3. ban (line 21) a) enter b) forbid c) inhibit d) prevent
POLLUTION "The most alarming of all man's assaults upon the environment is the contamination of air, earth, rivers and sea with dangerous and even lethal chemicals." — Rachel Carson, Silent Spring Air pollution is the result of man's use of lethal chemicals, and is a common hazard in both industrial and developing countries. One form of air pollution is acid rain.
Acid rain results from the release into the atmosphere of sulfur oxide 5 and nitrogen oxide. Electrical generating plants, industrial boilers, large smelters, and automobiles are among the chief source of these emissions. The gases react with water droplets, forming a diluted mixture of sulfuric acid and nitric acid, and it is this mixture that returns to earth in the form of acid rain, mist, or snow. Pushed by wind currents, the acid rain often falls 1O to the ground far from its point of origin. Acid rain is killing vast stretches of forest in Canada, the United States, and central and northern Europe. In Europe nearly every species of tree is affected. Symptoms include the thinning of leaves and needles, deformed growth, and, in some cases, death. Acid rain has acidified lakes and 15 streams, rendering them unable to support fish, wildlife, plants, or insects. In Sweden at least 40,000 of the 90,000 lakes have been affected, and in the United States one in five lakes suffers from this type of pollution. A
Choose the best alternative to complete each statement below, according to the text. 1. — have nothing to do with air pollution.
A) B) C) D) E)
Too many cars travelling in the city Sulfuric acid and nitrogen oxide Lethal weapons that countries hide in depots Industrial plants Burning coal and wood
2. Acid rain falls to the ground far from its point of origin because of-—.
A) B) C) D) E)
storms that are formed in the ocean heat waves from the Pacific Ocean the earth's revolving around the sun temperature differences between the regions wind currents
3. Acid rain does not affect —. A) B) C) D) E)
lakes trees streams chemicals wildlife
Deep into Meaning
Book One ... Unit 27
Match the words on the left with their meanings on the right.
1. droplet 2. hazard 3. affect 4. smelter 5. dilute 6. contamination 7. assault 8. lethal 9. emission 10. boiler
A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J.
attack pollution deadly danger something that provides hot water something to melt material in something put into circulation small drop make weaker by adding water have an effect on
Indicate whether the statements below are true (T), false (F) or not stated (NS) according to the text. ....... 1. Air pollution is a danger in industrial and developing countries. ....... 2. Sulfur oxide and nitrogen oxide in the atmosphere are the causes
of acid rain. .....3. Acid in the air is seen only in the form of rain. ... 4. Acid mist is also called "smog". ef
... 5. Acid rain is seen only in Southern Europe. f .....6. In Europe trees are killed or at least affected by acid rain. ....... 7. Some lakes and streams can't support wildlife anymore due to acid rain. ... 8. In the U.S.A. five lakes have been acidified.
D
Choose the appropriate definition for each given word as used in the text. 1. stretch (line 11)
a) b) c) d)
2. deformed (line 13)
a) b) c) d)
4.
suffer (line 17) a) find out b) stay alive c) keep going d) endure or bear
5.
pollution (line 17)
hill area valley source
incongruent gathered together out of shape cut down
3. render (line 15) a) make b) support c) frustrate d) entangle
a) b) c) d)
contamination stop existing starting to grow finding
THE LOST CITY OF THE INCAS
5
10
15
20
25
30
In 1530, during the conquest of Peru by the Spanish, some of the last survivors of the Inca dynasty fled into the high Andes mountains. According to legend, they built a great fortress city in a remote area to defend themselves against the Spaniards. Many explorers searched for this city in the jungles and hills around the mountain of Machu Picchu. But they failed to discover any trace of the fortress, and scholars decided that it didn't really exist, Hiram Bingham, a young American history professor, would not give up. He was convinced that the city existed, and he led a number of expeditions into the Andes to find it. On one trip in 1911, a local farmer near Machu Picchu told him a story about a ruined city on top of the mountain. Even though Bingham's companions didn't take the story seriously, the professor had the farmer guide him up the mountain. After a long, difficult climb of more than 2,000 feet, they came upon the ancient city. It had walls, white granite buildings, and a hundred terraces made with soil carried up from the valleys below. The city was more magnificent and beautiful than Bingham had ever imagined. The fortress of Machu Picchu was well constructed. The Incas had moved huge blocks of granite up the sides of the mountain without the help of wheels. The pieces of stone were cut perfectly, and they fit together like the pieces of a jigsaw puzzle. The fate of the city's inhabitants is a mystery to this day. There are no written records to tell us what happened. By examining the remains of burial sites in the area, scholars have discovered that most of the people in Machu Picchu were women. They were probably members of a special group of beautiful girls called the "Chosen Women". They were selected from throughout the Inca empire to receive special training to serve the nobility and assist in religious rituals. Bingham thought that these women were brought to Machu Picchu to carry out their duties and pray for the Spaniards to be defeated. Eventually, however, the women grew old and died. The men guarding them went away, leaving no one tell the story of this remarkable city hidden high in the mountains of Peru.
Choose the best alternative to complete each statement below, according to the text.
1. Explorers searched for the Inca city in the — . A) B) C) D) E)
cliffs the Northern Plains fortress city forests area near Machu Picchu
Deep into Meaning _________________________ Booh One... Unit 28 2. One of the special characteristics of the Inca city is its —. A) B) C) D) E)
many terraces many caves area for mountain sports many visitors in the tourism season sports tournaments
3. According to the passage, A) B) C) D)
scholars were the most appreciated people among the Inca there was trade between the cities the Incas were not completely civilized we don't have much written information about the people who lived in the city E) Incas lived in the eastern part of North America
B
Match the words on the left with their meanings on the right. 1. 2.
survivor dynasty
A. B.
3.
fortress
C.
4.
jungle
D.
5. scholar
E.
6. expedition 7. ruined 8. assist
F. G. H.
9. terrace 10. jigsaw puzzle
C
I. J.
help person noted for wisdom, knowledge and judgement a raised bank of earth with vertical or sloping sides. an organized journey that is made for a particular purpose series of rulers of a country who all belong to the same family a person who remains alive castle which is difficult for enemies to enter a game using a picture on cardboard or wood that has been cut up into odd shapes severely harmed, damaged or spoiled thick forest
Indicate whether the statements below are true (T), false (F) or not stated (NS) according to the text. ....... 1. The Incas had a well-designed defensive system. ....... 2. The researchers looked for the lost city near the Rocky
Mountains. ....... 3. The American professor didn't pay attention to the story the farmer told. ....... 4. The ancient city was full of granite buildings and many terraces. ....... 5. It took years to build the fortress city. ....... 6. We don't have enough knowledge about the inhabitants of Macchu Picchu. ....... 7. Chosen women were assisted in mystical functions.
Booh One... Unit 28 _____________________________Deep into Meaning D
Choose the appropriate definition for each given word as used in the text. 1. inhabitant (line 23) a) people who migrate to a country b) people who have strong habits c) people who live in a place d) strangers in a town 2. burial (line 25) a) act of placing a body in a grave or tomb b) act of capturing people c) act of burning a city d) acting in a theatre 3. nobility (line 29) a) ability b) being on a high intellectual level c) belonging to ruling class d) without payment 4. ritual (line 29) a) ceremonial b) actions which people carry out in a fixed order c) melodramatic , d) actions of a group of people 5. carry out (line 31) a) move away b) remove c) produce d) accomplish
PARICUTIN AND Mr. SAINT HELENS In 1943, a farmer in Mexico noticed a hole in his field. But every time he tried to fill it in, it kept opening up again. He also felt tremors arid heard deep rumblings coming from inside the earth. On February 20, the hole began to bulge and rise, and steam and ash 5 started coming out. The mound grew bigger and then hot rocks began shooting out. A new volcano had been born. It was named Paricutin. Paricutin soon grew to a height of 360 meters, and lava started flowing down its sides. Inside the volcano, huge blasts were heard, and people in the surrounding area fled from their home. Luckily, no one was killed, even 10 though two towns near Paricutin were covered with lava. Eventually, the volcano grew to a height of 410 meters. Because it has stopped erupting, it is now a dead volcano. Mount St. Helens, a 2,900 meter high volcano in the United States, had not erupted for many years. But in March 1980, tremors were felt and Ü 15 steam began escaping from inside the mountain. A bulge appeared on the side of the volcano, and on May 18 it broke open. Hot gas and ash came out of the hole. Huge quantities of mud also rolled down the slopes. Much of the land around Mt. Saint Helens, was destroyed, and many people lost their lives. 20 The eruption greatly altered the shape of the mountain. It lost 390 meters in height, and the peak at its summit was replaced by a crater. By studying the eruptions of Paricutin and Mt. Saint Helens, scientists have learned much about volcanoes. Maybe this information will help them to someday predict when volcanoes in different parts of the world are going 25 to erupt. Choose the best alternative to complete each statement below, according to the text. 1. Although Paricutin grew to a height of 360 meters with lava flowing down its sides, —-. A) B) C) D) E)
the farmer kept complaining about his field hot rocks kept shooting out no one was killed scientists did not find this condition serious eventually, it formed a crater
2. Because of the eruption of Mt. Saint Helens —. A) inside the volcano, the mound grew bigger to form a bulge B) much of The land around the volcano was destroyed and many people died C) the people benefited its effects D) the mountain altered its shape, reaching a height of a few hundred feet E) it was the 20th day of February, 1943
Book On e... Unit 29 _____________________________ Deep into Meaning 3. Though the eruption in Mt. Saint Helens began in March, 1980, -—.
A) B) C) D)
people did not pay attention hot gas and ash came out of the ground Federal Government Units emptied the disaster area the bulge on the side of the volcano did not break open until May 18, 1980 E) the rumblings continued until the mountain reached a height of 2,900 meters
B
Match the words on the left with their meanings on the right.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
bulge predict tremor erupt alter quantity flee
«
8. mound 9. summit 10. eventually
C
A. B. C. D. E. F. G.
finally, in the end heap, little hill top enlarge, expand amount, part guess, forecast trembling, shaking
H. escape I. eject, explode J. change, reshape
Indicate whether the statements below are true (T), false (F) or not stated (NS) according to the text. ....... 1. Mt. Saint Helens is a 2,900 meter-high dead volcano in the
United States. ....... 2. Paricutin erupted in a farmer's field in 1943, ....... 3. Paricutin stands for the farmer who found it first. ...... 4.
The biggest volcanic eruption happened in Krakatoa in the 1880s.
....... 5. The eruption of Paricutin altered the shape of the mountain,
cutting its height by 390 meters in height. ....... 6. After the eruption, Paricutin was 410 meters high. ....... 7. When Paricutin erupted two cities were covered with lava. ...... 8. In the March 1980 eruption of St. Helens, about 200 people died.
Deep into Meaning _____________________________Booh One... Unit 89 D
Choose the appropriate definition for each given word as used in the text. 1. rumbling (line 3) a) outcoming noise b) strong voice c) rolling sound d) beating drum
2. blast (line 8) a) scream b) explosion c) forgiven d) destruction
3. ash a) b) c) d)
(lines 16) burst burying powdery substance feeling of guilt
4. slope (line 17} a) side of a mountain b) field c) relatively slow d) lowland
5. replace (line 21) a) renew somethin g's condition b) become decayed c) take the place of d) move from one place to another
THE COLOURS OF OCEANS Everyone likes to imagine a holiday at the beach by a clear blue ocean. However, oceans do not all look the same all over the world. Some oceans are blue, some yellow-green, and some are green. In fact the ocean can be one colour one place and another colour another place. 5 Pure water itself, is in fact a light shade of blue. In a glass it appears to be clear but the blue is really just too faint to see. Water molecules absorb much of the red-through-green part of the spectrum and reflect the blue part back out. The ocean is not a nice pure glass of water though. There are animals, 10 tiny plants, and bits of things washed off the land in the ocean. The tiny animals, called phytoplankton, contain a green-looking chemical called chlorophyll. This is the same chemical which makes trees, grass and other plants green and which allows them to absorb energy from the sun. This chlorophyll, along with many other thin gs, gives the ocean its green colour. 15 In reality, a clear blue ocean is one which has relatively little life and a turbid green ocean contains a great deal of plants and animals. You can compare the life in a blue ocean to that in an arid desert and the life in a greener ocean to that in a rainforest. Though a green ocean does not look as good on a postcard as a blue one, it is much more full of life. Choose the best alternative to complete each statement below, according to the text. 1. According to the passage, what makes the ocean green —. A) B) C) D) E)
is a kind of fish living in the deep part of the ocean is the reflection of the light coming from the moon are a group of tiny animals living underwater are stones under the oceans covered by thick moss is the reflection of the spectrum coming from the stars at night
2. A blue ocean —. A) B) C) D) E)
is full of life contains many tiny animals and other things has tiny animals which contain chlorophyll is much better than a green one despite its appearance can be compared to a desert
3. Although the ocean seems to stand still -— . A) B) C) D) E)
it looks alive on most beaches its appearance shouldn't deceive you there are many tiny plants and animals living in it sometimes it has huge waves twice as big as humans it has inner waves
Deep into Meaning B
Book One ... Unit 30
Match the words on the left with their meanings on the right. 1. 2. 3. 4.
arid beach pure shadow
A. B. C. D.
5. faint 6. molecule 7. reflecting 8. bit 9. desert 10. contain
a small amount of something the smallest amount of a chemical substance include or have sending back light from a surface, not having the light pass through E. a large area of land, usually in a hot region, where there is almost no water, rain, trees or plants clean and not containing any harmful F. substances G. a sound, colour, mark, feeling or quality which has very little strength or intensity H. an area of sand or pebbles beside the sea I. an area of darkness under or next to objects J. extremely dry J
*
Indicate whether the statements below are true (T), false (F) o not stated (NS) according to the text. * .....1. Chlorophyll is a substance which is found only in green plants. ....... 2. A blue ocean is better than a green one. ....... 3. A green ocean contains many living things. ....... 4. Water molecules absorb only red and green colours. ....... 5. Water molecules reflect the blue part of the spectrum. ....... 6. The colour of oceans vary a!l around the world. ....... 7. It is more difficult to swim in green oceans.
D
Choose the appropriate definition for each given wo rd as used in the text.
1.
absorb (line 6)
a) b) c) d)
give out contain something take interest in or deal with something soak up or take in
2. spectrum (line 7) a) the distribution of a characteristic of a physical system arranged in order of wavelengths b) the range of a particular type of thing c) a range of light waves or radio waves d) something which appears after a rain
Booh One... Unit 30 _____________________________ Deep into Meaning 3. tiny (line 10) a) bigger than average b) smaller than average '
O
c) extremely small d) not huge
4. chlorophyll (line 12) a) a substance which gives green colour to plants or some tiny animals b) a colourless liquid c) a chemical compound of chlorine and another substance d) a gas that is used to disinfect water
5. turbid (line 16) a) clear b) not clear c) pure d) tremendous
PERFECT WISDOM One day, Nasruddin was working in his garden. It was a hot summer's day and he was getting very hot and sweaty. When the sun reached its highest point in the sky, work became unbearable for him and he decided to rest for a while. He looked around and saw a big tree nearby. Nasruddin 5 walked over to the tree and sat down in its shade with his back against the trunk of the tree. He stretched out his legs in front of him in the cool shade of the tree and immediately felt more relaxed. After a while he gazed over to Ms small pumpkin field and wondered why such big produce were growing on such puny plants. When he looked 10 at the tree he was leaning against, he realized that he was sitting under the branches of a walnut tree. This time he was astonished to see such small produce growing on a huge tree. "Nobody can question the wisdom of Allah," he thought to himself. "But if I were him, I'd do things differently. I would let the walnut grow on 75 the small plants and the pumpkins on the huge tree." He muttered on about this for a while and fell asleep still thinking about the same problem. His midday nap was unexpectedly disturbed by a walnut falling on his head. As soon as he realized that a walnut was responsible for the pain and the swelling on his head, he fell to his knees saying: 20 "Oh my Almighty God! Forgive me for criticizing your wisdom. What would the situation be now if a pumpkin had fallen on my head from such a height? Allah, you are greater than I supposed. Please pardon me for interfering in your business." Choose the best alternative to complete each statement below, according to the text. 1. Working became very hard for Nasruddin because —. A) B) C) D) E)
he was very tired the weather was very hot the sun had been shining all day he wanted to rest under a shade he was thirsty and needed a shade
2. Nasruddin was surprised —. A) when he realized the tree had fruit B) to feel the cool shade of the tree C) to see the size of the pumpkin on the ground D) when he sat under the cool shade of the tree E) to see so many fruits on a small tree 3. He changed his mind because A) B) C) D)
the walnut hit his head hard the pumpkin and the walnut were the same he realized the wisdom of Allah he realized that the pumpkin and the walnut were in their proper places E) he was clever enough to understand how things can change
B
Unit 31 Vocabulary 1. sweaty
A. to rest; to become less active
2. 3. 4. 5.
B. C. D. E.
criticize wisdom swelling unbearable
6. relax 7. disturb 8. 9. 10. 11. C
Deep into Meaning
gaze mutter astonish responsible (for)
F. G. H. I. J. K.
painful; unpleasant; difficult to accept to look to cause somebody to be very surprised the ability to make sensible decisions, and judgements to speak in a low voice having drops of perspiration because of heat etc. increase in fullness and roundness to say what you think is bad or wrong to interrupt; break the quiet, peace being the cause of something
Indicate whether the statements below are true (T), false (F) or not stated (NS) according to the text. .......1. Nasruddin decided to relax under a tree. .......2. He wondered how a pumpkin grows. .......3. Nasruddin always had a rest when he was fed up with tiring ....... 4. ....... 5. ....... 6. ....... 7. ....... 8.
D
work. He realized that he was leaning against a pumpkin tree. A walnut fell on Nasruddin's hand. The walnut that fell on him caused him pain. He felt sorry for questioning the wisdom of Allah. He stood up when the walnut hit his head and prayed to God.
Choose the appropriate definition for each given word as used in the text. shade (line 5) a) slight variation b) ghost c) shadow d) graded colour 2. puny (line 9) a) very thin b) small and weak c) not healthy d) thin and long branch
3/ lean (line 10) a) stand near something b) lying near something c) sleep in a place d) incline slightly
4. realize (line 10) a) comprehend completely or correctly b) achieve a certain price c) change drastically d) perform 5. interfere (line 23) a) forbid to deal with officially b) help other people without any gain c) confirm d) get involved in the affairs of others
OCEANS Oceans cover more than 70% of the earth's surface. Despite the vastness of this area, we know little about it. The oceans are just as diverse as the land. They are interwoven with history, although man has looked upon them as barriers and alien spaces. 5 Life began in the ocean. More than 1/2 billion years ago there were simple single -celled organisms. Today the oceans support a wealth of simple and complex sea life, from phytoplankton (drifting plants) to crustaceans (shrimp, crabs) to marine mammals (whales, dolphins). But through ignorance and misunderstanding we are placing these resources in 10 jeopardy. There is widespread pollution and disruption of our coastal waters, whales and dolphins are hunted to near extinction, and many fishing areas are being depleted. The oceans do not belong to a single nation, but are free, open territory to be enjoyed and shared. However, too often nations are overly aggressive 15 in taking the resources the oceans have to offer. A tragic result has been the systematic hunting of whales from one species to another for whalebone, blubber, and oil. In 1985 whales were given a reprieve when the International Whaling Commission imposed a moratorium on killing whales. 20 Unfortunately, some harve sting of whales continues. Also, the tuna industry has put the dolphin population at risk and onto the endangered species list. In the past 30 years the tuna-fishing industry has killed more than 6 million dolphins. In the United States steps have been taken to protect the dolphins with the Dolphin Protection Consumer Information 25 Act of 1990, a ban on all drift-net catching of tuna beginning in July 1991 and on the importation of all drift-net-caught fish products beginning in July 1992.
A
Choose the best alternative to complete each statement below, according to the text. 1. Oceans —. A) B) C) D) E)
threaten the ecosystem cover about half of the earth's surface are places where life started belong to nations that have coasts are responsible for one-third of the food supply
2. According to the passage whales ----. A) B) C) D) E)
are the biggest mammals in the world supply a notable amount of oil to the industry can be found in all seas have benefited from a moratorium on killing them were the first living organisms
Deep into Meaning
Book One... Unit 32 3. We can deduce from the passage that —.
A) B) C) D) E) B
huge oceans are enough to last for a century species in our oceans are in danger of extinction some species of whales are now extinct most parts of the oceans are now polluted the U.S.A. has spent millions of dollars to protect wildlife
Match the words on the left with their meanings on the right. 1. vastness 2. diverse 3. interwoven 4. ban 5. alien 6. evolve 7. resource 8. deplete 9. share 10. barrier
C
A. strange, unknown B. natural supply C. develop D. mixed, joined together E. broadness F. use together with others G. having variety H. limit reduce I. forbid J.
Indicate whether the statements below are true (T), false (F) or not stated (NS) according to the text. ....... 1. One third of our bodies consist of water. ....... 2. Scientists don't know where life first began. .......3. There is widespread air pollution today. ....... 4. The oceans are for the use of certain countries. ....... 5. It is obvious that there is destruction of fish in oceans. ....... 6. Whales shouldn't be killed only for their oil but also for other uses. ....... 7. Because of the oil industry, the dolphin population is at the
threshold of extinction. .....8. All other countries kill dolphins but only the United States tries to protect them. .....9. After the ban on all drift-net catching of tuna, the tuna population increased.
D
Choose the appropriate definition for each given word as used in the text. 1. ignorance (line 9)
a) b) c) d)
lack of knowledge bad reputation misuse diagnosing
2. jeopardy (line 10)
a) b) c) d)
go out of sight scratch certain place danger
3. aggressive (line 14) a) discouraging b) without innocence c) forceful d) careless
4. harvesting (line 20)
a) b) c) d)
hunting killing searching gathering
5. protect (line 24)
a) b) c) d)
help save find ask
SHARKS Most people think that sharks are large, dangerous fish, but sharks come in all sizes, and the biggest, the whale shark, is totally harmless. People have been attacked by sharks, but sharks don't deliberately hunt for them. They prefer eating other fish. The largest sharks, the whale shark 5 and the basking shark, eat tiny fish and plankton made up of very small sea creatures and plants. More dangerous sharks, such as the great white and tiger sharks, will eat almost anything - large fish, seals, sea turtles, and even garbage from ships. The hammerhead is another dangerous shark. It has a head shaped like a hammer and has big eyes at each end. 10 Sharks are different from other fish in a number of ways. For instance, their skeletons are made of cartilage, not bone. They don't have smooth scales either. Their scales are like millions of tiny teeth, making the shark's skin feel very rough. Shark's gills are also different from those of other fish. They are open, 15 not covered, and look like slits behind their heads. Sharks don't have an air • bladder either, so they will sink if they stop swimming. Fish usually lay large quantities of very soft eggs, but most sharks give birth to live young. Some sharks do lay eggs, but they are enclosed in very hard cases. Sometimes these cases, called mermaid's purses, wash up on 20 the seashore. Sharks generally live in warm waters, but one type of shark prefers the cold water near the North Pole. Because it moves so slowly, it has been named the sleeper shark. Sleeper sharks generally eat dead animals floating in the water. Sometimes, however, they eat seals, although it is a mystery 25 how they can move fast enough to catch one. Another type of shark, called the wobbegong, lives on the sea floor most of the time. It's very well disguised. Crabs and small fish think the shark is a rock or a piece of seaweed and swim near it. When they approach, the wobbegong opens its mouth and grabs them for a tasty meal! A
Choose the best alternative to complete each statement be low, according to the text.
1. The passage informs us that —. A) B) C) D) E)
sharks eat only fish and other fresh meat sharks have an air bladder for breatHng all sharks are dangerous animals the hammerhead shark has a small head sharks have a lot of different characteristics
2. One type of shark is called the sleeper shark because —. A) B) C) D) E)
it falls asleep in winters it protects its tranquility of the place it lives in of its slow movements it doesn't attack other fish
Deep into Meaning
Book One... Unit 33
3. The wobbegong lives on the sea floor and has —. A) B) C) D) E)
B
a big tail at the back the ability to move fast weapons for defending itself a great camouflage system to eat small worms in the sea
Match the words on the left with their meanings on the right. 1.
harmless
2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
deliberately tiny plankton garbage enclosed
7. scale 8. rough 9. gills 10. approach
A.
plants and animals that live on the surface layer of the sea B. breathing organs of fish C. get closer to something D. extremely small E. not smooth F. flat pieces of hard skin that cover the bodies of fish G. not dangerous H. covered, surrounded I. on purpose J. waste especially from a kitchen
Indicate whether the statements below are true (T), false (F) or not stated (NS) according to the text. ....... 1. Wobbegong are very well disguised so they can catch and eat
fish easily. ....... 2. People have been attacked by sharks. ....... 3. Sharks' skeletons are made of hard bone. ....... 4. Digestion in sharks is similar to that of other fish. ....... 5. Sleeper sharks are known to eat dead animals floating in the
water. ....... 6. Many movies have been made about sharks. ....... 7. Seals and garbage from ships are also meals for dangerous sharks. ....... 8. Sharks are like whales in many respects.
D
Choose the appropriate definition for each given word as used in the text. (line 23) 1. float a) start
2.
b) stay on the surface c) dry d) cover mystery (line 24) a) b) c) d)
3.
confusion unknown story natural happening
floor (line 26) a) atmosphere b) environment c) surface d) base
4. disguised (line 27) a) disliked b) ashamed c) camouflaged d) lost 5. grab (line 29) a) b) c) d)
place slowly catch kindly take suddenly move quickly
SPIDERS Spiders are part of a group of arthropods called arachnids. Even though spiders are helpful, many people are afraid of them. They eat bugs that harm people and crops. Most spiders spin silk webs to catch flying insects. The silk thread is 5 made from a liquid which comes out of tiny holes called spinnerets at the back end of the spider's body. The most common spider's web is called an orb web. It is circular with threads stretching out from the middle like spokes on a wheel. Smaller circles, one inside the other, are made from other threads. 10 Spiders lie in wait on or near their webs. When insects fly into the web, they get trapped in the threads. Their movement as they struggle to escape lets the spider know something is trapped. It rushes to the insect and wraps it in more silk. The insect then is unable to move. Sometimes spiders paralyze trapped insects with poisonous bites. When 15 the bug cannot move anymore, the spider carries it to the middle of the web and eats it. The bolas spider spins one silken thread and attaches a blob of sticky gum at the end. The spider then swings this sticky ball back and forth like a pendulum. When an insect flies by, the bolas spider swings the ball toward 20 it- The ball sticks to the bug, and the spider pulls it back and grabs the trapped insect. Ogre-faced spiders have two big, staring eyes. They catch insects in a silken net. The more the bug tries to free itself, the more trapped it becomes in the net. 25 Colorful jumping spiders don't spin webs. They catch insects by jumping on them. The spider attaches itself to a silken thread, then leaps into the air hanging from the line of silk.
Choose the best alternative to complete each statement below, according to the text.
1. Spiders —. A) B) C) D) E)
are harmful are scary but helpful belong to the amphibious group like silk are powerful animals
2. Spiders spin webs to —. A) B) C) D) E)
78
put their eggs in hide themselves from people cause illness extract sticky matter from plants catch insects flying around Guvender Yaymlan
Booh One... Unit 34 _____________________________ Deep into Meaning 3. It is mentioned in the passage that —. A) B) C) D) E) B
bolas spiders have two big eyes jumping spiders spin webs by jumping on insects some spiders don't eat bugs the web of a spider is a trick for insects colorful spiders don't make silk
Match the words on the left with their meanings on She right. 1. arachnids 2. bug 3. crop 4. spin 5. web 6. thread 7. trap 8. paralyze 9. free 10. gum
C
A. a kind of string B. sticky substance that you chew C. product of a spider D. make something unable to move E. small insect F. catch using a trick G. release from bondage or restraint H. an animal group I. make a web J. agricultural product
Indicate whether the statements below are true (T), false (F) or not stated (NS) according to the text. .......1. Spiders' nets are of great importance to the textile industry. .......2. Although insects get trapped in the web they can also catch
spiders. .....3. The orb web is known by its threads which stretch out from the middle. .......4. Spiders make webs to catch bugs or insects. .......5. Spiders' nets are made of cotton which is produced from their mouth. .......6. Spiders wait for their enemies in the center of their webs. ....... 7. Colourful spiders can also spin webs and catch insects by jumping on them. .....8. After spinning a web all spiders attach a kind of sticky gum. D
Choose the appropriate definition for each given word as used in the text. 1. struggle (line 11) 4. staring (line 22) a) make effort to overcome a problem a) looking constantly b) having difficulty in bread winning b) seem like c) facing problems while finding solutions c) showing well d) work vigorously to be the best d) watching directly 2. sticky (line 18) a) removable b) reinforced c) strong d) gummy
5. leap (line 26) a) push b) jump c) touch d) pull
3. grab (line 20) a) cause b) take c) catch d) snatch n^.=s • ,. "sr.v;-; .;.^ • •.' --ya^- .,..•...-sj. ::.v^ssi;--, ,,;,:^sw•, •. •..^fa • ....'.^•, • •••'• fe.--• . "-nv,-• ...^a^ ','.r^;• •. .•> Giivender Yayinlan
35 THE COSTS AND BENEFITS OF FIGHTING The adverse consequences of animal fights, besides the obvious risk of injury or death, include a considerable waste of precious energy and time. Many animal conflicts are resolved without full escalation, even though the animals concerned possess potentially lethal weapons. For this reason, 5 animal fights used to be viewed as harmless trials of strength. But it is now clear that, in certain circumstances, and notwithstanding defensive behaviour, weapons are used to injure and kill during animal fights. One study of mountain sheep during two rutting seasons found that small rams were tele scoped by the force of direct charges by larger 10 opponents, horn tips were often broken, and a variety of cuts, tears, and bruises were commonly incurred during fights. Almost 50 percent of males sustained serious injury during the study period. Figures for a range of other species tell the same story. One particular fight between rutting male mountain sheep lasted more 15 than 25 hours - time that the participants could potentially have spent doing something else, such as eating or mating, and left both participants exhausted. More precise studies estimate that fighting can raise the metabolic rate considerably above that of resting animals. Using an analogy from economics, these adverse consequences are referred to as "cost of 20 fighting." Given such high costs, fighting must have some benefits. Two general reasons why animals fight is: fighting serves to protect an animal or its young against a direct threat; and, in other cases, animals fight in order to gain exclusive or preferential access to some valued resource. The more 25 valuable the resource, the fiercer the fight - and the higher the benefit to the winner. Choose the best alternative to complete each statement below, according to the text. 1. Although animal fights used to be thought of as harmless trials of strength, —-. A) B) C) D) E)
it is now perceived that they are completely harmless they bring some benefits too they may damage a little bit but are beneficial to both parties they must be prevented by scientists in the near future it is now perceived that they are tremendously damaging processes
2. According to the passage, it was found during a study period that A) B) C) D) E)
80
many other species avoided fighting an animal's metabolic rate is higher when fighting about half of the animals killed their rivals about half of the males were injured terribly both participants were exhausted because of high ranges Giivender Yayinlan
Book One... Unit 35
Deep into Meaning
3. One reason why animals fight is because they —. A) B) C) D) E)
B
want to be the leader of their species want to injure other animals want to protect themselves and their young are adventurous when young want to charge smaller opponents
Match the words on the left with their meanings on the right.
1. 2. 3. 4.
adverse to resolve possess lethal
5. trial 6. rut 7. consequence 8. opponent 9. conflict 10. obvious
A. B. C. D.
an adult male sheep capable of causing death a test fight, argument, disagreement about something E. negative, not beneficial F. to find a solution to a problem G. rival H. clear I. own J. an effect; result
Indicate whether the statements below are true (T), false (F) or not stated (NS) according to the text. ....... 1. Animal fights are considered as harmless trials of strength. ...... 2. In no circumstances do animals injure and kill each other. ...... 3. More than 50 percent of female deer injured each other
seriously according to a study. ...... 4. One particular fight lasted more than two days which made the participants exhausted. ...... 5. Animals fight each other to gain power in a group. ...... 6. According to the passage there are a lot of reasons why animals fight each other. .......7. One main reason of fighting is to gain access to resources .......8. The most intense fights end only when one of the fighters dies.
D
Choose the appropriate definition for each given word as used in the text. 1. sustain (line 12)
a) b) c) d)
believe something or somebody to be dishonest delay experience or suffer maintain, continue
<••••••r^-r-rr;,r,:;..... T i ^ ^ ^ . ^ . . . ; ^ ; ! — ^ ^
Giivender Yaymlan
...... ,•"„.:........... ,»•„ ------;;r;™TSS=';rr;' T^SSa.
Deep into Meaning
Book One... Unit 35
2. participant (line 15) a) audience b) rivals c) anyone who takes part in an activity d) person living in a community
3. exclusive (line 24) a) not common, special and distinguished b) ordinary c) open to the public d) not including certain groups
4. access (line 24) a) agreeing to do something b) admission or entry, permission to do something c) speaking a language in a distinctive way d) something that is easy to do
5. benefit (line 25) a) advantage or improvement b) kind and tolerant c) a person who opposes you d) food, grassland
Book UNIT
o ne
i
UNIT 2
G€MSTON€S
POMP&I
A
1-C
2-B
B
1-D6I
2-J B
C
1-NS 6-F
2-T NS
3-T
4-F
5-NS 7-
D
1-A
2-B
3-A
4-C
5-D
3-A 3-F 4-E 8-C 9-H
5-G 710-A
A
1-B
2-E
B
1-D 6-C
2-G 7- 3-J 1 B
4-A 9-E
C
1-F 6-F
2-NS 7-T
3-T
4-F
5-F
0
1-B
2-C
3-D
4-B
5-C
UNIT
3-B
5-F 810-H
UNIT 4
fiftlNBOUJS
ft
A
1-B
2-D
B
1-16C
2-G 3-H 4-A D 8-E 9-J
C
1-T 6-F
2-T 7-T
3-F
0
1-A
2-C
3-C
A
1-C
2-C
3-D
5-F 710-B
B
1-H 6-J
2-G 7-C
3-B 4-A E 9-D
4-NS
5-T
C
1-F 6-T
2-NS
3-NS
4-T
5-T
4-A
5-B
D
1-D
2-A
3-B
4-C
5-A
3-E
THeMnvn A
1-B
2-B
B
1-J 6C
2-D 3-B 4-H E 8-F 9-A
C
1-T 6- 2-F NS 7-F
3-T
4-F
D
1-B
3-B
4-C
Guvender "Yayinlart
5-( 810-F
UNIT 6 voLcnNoes
UNIT 5
2-D
LON TRIP G
A
1-C
2-C
3-E
B
1-H 2-F 6-C 7-A
3-B 8-D
4-I 9-E
5-J 10-1
5-T
C
1-NS 2-F 6-NS 7-F
3-T 8-F
4-F
5-T
5-A
D
3-C
4-B
5-C
3-D 5-G 710-1
1-A
2-A
205
Answer Key - Hook One
Deep into Meaning
UNIT 7
UNITS
RT TH€ C€NT€R OF TH€ STORM
R MRN OF COURRG€ RND D€T€RMINRTION
A
1-A
2-C
3-B
A
1-A
2-E
3-A
B D
1-J 7-I
2-H 8-B
3-A 6-
4-E 9-F
5-G 10-C
B J
1-E 7-C
2-A 8-G
3-D 6-
4-I 9B
5-H 10-F
C 6-F
1-T 2-T 7- F
3-F
4-T
5-T
C 6-F
1-T 7-F
2-F
3-T
4-NS
5-F
D
1-B
3-C
4-B
5-A
D
1-A
2-C
3-D
4-D
5-A
2-B
UNIT 9
UNIT 1 O
TH6 LRRGGST BIRD INTH€ WORLD
TH€ M6CHRNICRL CH€SS-PLRVING TURK
A
A
1-B
2-C
3-D
B H
1-G 7-B
2-F 8-J
3-I 6-
4-C 9-E
5-D 10-A
1-C
B 1-D 6-E 7-J
2-E
3-C
2-G 3-I 8-A
4-H 9-C
5-B 10-F
C 6-T
1-F 2-T 3-F 7-NS 8-F
4-T
5-F
C 1-T 6-NS 7-F
2-F
3-T
4-T
5-T
D
1-C
4-D
5-A
D
2-C
3-C
4-C
5-A
2-B
3-A
1-C
<
UNIT 1 1
UNIT 1 2
RN RRMV OF RNTS
TH€ TROJRN HORS€
A
1-C
2-D
3-E
A
1-E
2-C
3-B
B A
1-1 7-D
2-E 8-G
3-J 6-
4-B 9-C
B J
1-B 7-C
2-F 8-D
3-H 6-
4-G 9-A
5-I10E
C F
1-T 7- T
2-NS
3-T 6-
4-NS
5-T
C 6-T
1-F 7-F
2-T
3-NS
4-F
5-F
D
1-D
2-C
3-A
4-A
5-D
D
1-A
2-C
3-A
4-B
5-D
206'
5-H 10-F
Giivender Yaymlari
Deep into Meaning
Answer Key - Book One
UNIT 1 3
UNIT 14
TH€ STORY OF RUSTRRUR
UJRTCHING TH€ UJ€RTH€R
A
1-C
2-B
3-C
A
1-E
2-D
3-C
B I
1-B 7-C
2-G 8-J
3-D 9-E
4-F 10-A
5-H 6-
B C
1-H 7-D
2-I 8-F
3-J 9-B
4-A 10-E
5-G 6-
C 6-F
1-F 7-T
2-T
3-F
4-T
5-NS
C F
1-T 7-T
2-F 8-F
3-NS
4-T
5-T 6-
D
1-C
2-C
3-A
4-D
5-B
D
1-A
2-A
3-B
4-C
5-D
UNIT 1 5
UNIT 1 6
RFRICRN CROCODIL6S
TOO MUCH OF R GOOD THING
A
1-E
2-C
3-C
A
B I
1-C 7-B
2-G 8-A
3-E 9-H
4-F
5-D 6-
B H
C NS
1-T 7-F
2-F 8-F
3-F
4-NS
5-T 6-
D
1-B
2-C
3-C
4-A
5-B
1-B
2-E
3-B
1-F 7-C
2-G 8-A
3-I 9-D
4-B 10-E
5-J 6-
C F
1-T 7-F
2-T
3-T
4-NS
5-F 6-
D
1-D
2-D
3-B
4-A
5-C
UNIT 1 7
UNIT 18
T€M€L ON RN ISLRND
UJHY DO6S TH€ SUN S€€M TO CHRNG€ COLOUR?
A
1-D
2-C
3-E
A
1-C
2-B
3-B
B E
1-H 7-C
2-D 8-A
3-G 9-F
4-B
5-I 6-
B B
1-H 7-C
2-J 8-E
3-I 9-D
C F
1-NS 7- T
2-F 8-T
3-T
4-F
5-F 6-
C 1-F 6-NS 7- T
D
1-B
2-A
3-A
4-D
5-C
D
Giivender Yaytnlan
1-C
4-A 10-F
5-G 6-
2-NS 3-T 8- F
4-T
5-T
2-A
4-D
5-B
3-A
207
Deep into Meaning
Answer Key - Book One 2O
UNIT 19
UNIT
OUR 6NVIfiONM€NT
CLOS6 CRLL
A
1-C
2-D
A
B
1-H 6-B
2-C 3-E 4-J D 8-G 9-A
C
1-T 6-F
2-F 3-NS T 8-F
D
1-A
2-C
3-B
3-C
1-B
2-C
3-E
5-1 710-F
B 1-J 6-D
2-G 3-E I 8-F
4-T
5-F 7-
C 1-T 6-F
2-T 7-NS
4-B
5-D
D
2-A
.1-C
4-H 79-A
5-B 10-C
3-NS 8-F
4-T 9-F
5-F
3-B
4-D
5-A
UNIT 21
UNIT 22
WHY IS TH€ SHY BLU€?
RRSING R FRMILY
A
1-C
2-D
A
B
1-C 6-I
C
D
3-E
1-C
2-C
3-B
2-D 3-G 4-E 5-J 7B 8-A 9-H 10-F
B 1-C 6-D
2-J E
3-G 8-H
1-F 6-T
2-T 7-F
3-F
4-NI
5-F
C 1-T 6-T
2-T 7-NS
3-F 8-NS
4-NS
5-F
1-A
2-D
3-B
4-C
5-B
D
2-D
3-B
4-B
5-C
1-A
4-B 79-A
5-I 10-F
UNIT 23
UNIT 24
RM6RICRN RLUGRTORS
BRTS
A
1-D
2-C
3-E
A
1-D
2-B
3-A
B
1-J 6D
2-G 7-I
3-B 8-E
4-H 9-C
5-F 10-A
B 6-I
1-F
2-G 7-D
3-A 8-C
4-H 9-J
5-B 10-E
C
1-T 6-T
2-T 7-NS
3-F
4-F
5-T
C 1-T 6-NS
2-F 7-T
3-T 8-F
4-T
5-F
O
1-B
2-C
3-D
4-C
5-D
D
2-C
3-B
4-A
5-A
208'
1-B
Giivender Yaym/ari
Deep into Meaning
Answer Key - Rook One
UNIT 25
UNIT 26
TH€ TH€ OZOHe LBYGR
OUR LUILDUF€
A
1-D
2-E
3-C
A
1-B
2-C
3-E
B B
1-E 7-D
2-H 8-J
3-A 9-C
B G
1-J 7-D
2-H 8-E
3-1 9-B
4-F 10-C
5-A 6-
C 6-F
1-NS 2-F 3-T 7-NS 8-T
4-T
5-T
C NS
1-F 7-F
2-T 8-T
3-F
4-NS
5-T 6-
D
1-C
4-C
5-D
D
1-A
2-B
3-B
4-A
5-C
2-A
3-B
4-G 10-1
5-F 6-
UNIT 27
UNIT 28
POLLUTION
TH€ LOST CITY OF TH€ INCRS
A
1-C
2-E
3-D
A
1-E
2-A
3-D
B B
1-H 7-A
2-D 8-C
3-J 9-G
4-F 10-E
5-I 6-
B D
1-F 7-!
2-E 8-A
3-G 9-C
4-J 10-H
5-B 6-
C T
1-T 7-T
2-T 8-F
3-NS
4-NS
5-F 6-
C T
1-NS 7-F
2-F
3-F
4-T
5-NS 6-
D
1-B
2-C
3-A
4-D
5-A
D
1-C
2-A
3-C
4-B
5-D
,
UNIT 29
UNIT 3O
PFtfilCUTIN FIND MT. SflINT H€L€NS A
TH6 COLOURS OF OC6RNS
~\ t~* l-U
on
A^ f^
o r^ o-U
B E
1-D 7-H
2-F 8-B
C T
1-F 7-T
2-T 8-NS
I -O
3-G 9-C 3-NS
4-1 10-A 4-NS
5-J 6-
5-F 6-
o CT i-r_
o /~* O~>— '
B B
1-J 7-D
2-H 8-A
3-F 9-E
4-I 10-C
5-G 6-
C T
1-F 7-NS
2-F
3-T
4-F
5-T 6-
D
1-C
2-B
Guvender Y a y m l a r i
3-C
4-A
5-C
D
1-D
2-B
3-C
4-A
5-B
209
Deep into Meaning
Answer Key - Book One
UNIT 31
UNIT 32
P€FtF€CT WISDOM
OCGftNS
1-B
2-C
1-G 6-A
2-I 7-J
1-T 6-T
2-F 7-T
A 5-B 10-D 11-K
1-C
2-D
1-E 6-C
4-J 9-F 2-G 7-B
5-F 1-NS 6-NS
3-A
3-B
2-F 7-F
5-A 10-H 5-T
3-D 8-I 3-NS 8-F
4-F 9-NS
3-E 8- 4-H 9-F C 3-NS 4-F 8-F 1-C
2-B
3-D
4-A
5-D
1-A
2-D
UNIT 33
UNIT 34
SHflRKS
SPID€fiS
A B
1-E
2-D
3-D
1-G 6-H 2-I 7-F 1-T 6-NS
2-T 7-T
1-B
2-B
5-J 10-C
4A 3-D 8-E
4-NS
3-C
1-B
3-E
1-H 6-A
3-J 8-D
4-A
4-I 9-G
5-C 10-B
4-T 3-T 8-F
5-T
5-F 4-A
3-F 8-NS 4-C
5-C
5-B
2-E
3-D
2-E 7-F 1-NS 6-F
2-F 7-F
1-A
2-D
UNIT 35 TH€ COSTS RND B€N€FITS OF FIGHTING
3-D
1-E
2-D
1-E6-J
2-F 7-A
3-C
4-B 9-D
1-F 6-F
5-NS 2-F 7-T
1-C
210 C
5-C 10-H
2-B
3-F 8-NS 3-A
4-B
4-F 5-A
Giivender Yaymlan
