curso de chaveiro parte 1.pdf

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OXR_MJHO@DSHFRM-DXAD4 FKZRMJXÇÏM Mo`dvhfrmæueprmcfssfmkda

CHO@DJXRD_JM _F_ZHEDGMRGH (Cfgurd4)

quhdtudkdprhstdçïmjhshrvfçmsjh rhpdrdçïmhedkuthkçïmjhcho`djurds,kdomkchoçïmjhoÿpfdsjho`dvhs edkudae edkudaehkth hkth hkth h he eäqufkd eäq eäqufkds s ompfdjmrds,hxhoutdeujdkçdjhshgrhjmsjhshgrhjmskdjhsemktdghe hemktdghejhofafkjrms,pdrdomk-

-\rfkoåpfmjhehstrdghe -Dbhrturds,tfpmsjhchrrdehk-

-JhGmrghssfepahsheþatf-

tdshsudutfafzdçïm.

pads -\rfkoåpfmjhcukofmkdehktm -Zfpmsjho`dvhs -Oÿpfdjho`dvhspdrdGmrgh sfepahs -Oÿpfdjho`dvhspdrdGmrghs

sfçï sfçïm m j h cho` c ho`dj djur urds d s h ofaf o fafkj kjrm rms, s,

eþatfpadsphamsfsthedjhfe-

rhouphrdçïmjh rhouphrdçïmjh ofafkjrmshkgrfpdjms

prhssïm

hdbhrturdsheghrda.

-Eujdkçdjhshgrhjm

shrvfçmsjhdpafoddtmjmsmstfpmsjh


-Omepmkhkths

choçïmjho`dvhsphamshgrhjm,rhpm-

Hstdprhstdçïmjhshrvfçmsjh

-Xkfcfodçïmjhshgrhjm

-Dbhrturds,tfpmsjhchrrdehktdshomemutfafzä-ads.

cho`djurds,shndjmsfsthedGmrgh, muVdah,jhpfkmsmugufa`mtfkds,Zhtrds,\dktmgräcfodsmueuatfpmktm,omehrofdfs,rhsfjhkofdfshjhdutms. Cfgurd2 -Cho`djurdVdah.

OMKZHÞJM JMOXR_M

ODJHDJM_OMEXK_H OMEJF_OM_JH _HGRHJM_

Khsthoursmjho`dvhfrm,efkfstrdjmdjfstâkofd,hstdbhahohems

(Cfgurd?)

uejhshkvmavfehktmgrdjudahehtÿjfomjdsmphrdçøhsjmjfd-d-jfdjm

Cfgurd4-Cho`djurdGmrgh.

ods,hxhoutdjdsphamkmssmhxoausfvm

CHO@DJXRD_JM _F_ZH _F_ZHED ED VDAH

eætmjmjhhksfkm ‑\dssmd\dssm―,

(Cfgurd2)

prmcfssfmkda, prmcfssfmkda prmcfssfmkda, , dtrdvæs dtrdvæs trdvæs jhtdrhcd jh jhtdrhc tdrhcds tdrhcd dsbäsfs bäsf-

-Odjhdjmomeue -Omepmkhkths -\rfkoåpfmjhcukofmkdehktmjh trdvdsfepahshjupad -Omkchoçïmjho`dvhphamsh-

quhphrefthdmdaukmdjqufrfrds`d-

-Omepmkhkthsjdcho`djurd

grhjm

bfafjdjhshsphoåcfo bfafjdjhshsphoåcfodsh dsh khohssärfds khohssärfds

-\rfkoåpfmjhcukofmkdehktm

-Xkfcfodçïmjmshgrhjm

-Omepmkhkthsjmofafkjrm

-Dbhrturd,chrrdehktdshsuds


dpafodçøhs

-Jhsemktdghehemktdghe

-Odjhdjmsomejfsomsjhsh-

jhofafkjrms

grhjm,omepmkhkthshprfkoåpfm

-Omkchoçïmjhoÿpfdjho`dvh

jhcukofmkdehktm

dmjhshephk`mjdprmcfssïm. Omk`hofehktms Omk`hofehktmsthokmaÿgfom thokmaÿgfoms, s, hsshkofdfssïmjdjmspdrdahadehkth ìstdrhcdsprätfods,heafçøhsjfjdtfodehkthdjhqudjdsdmHksfkmdJfs-















-OfafkjrmstfpmVdahomeue -OfafkjrmstfpmVdahþkfomome

CHO@DJXRD\DRD EßSHF_HEGHRDA

o`dvhjupad

(Cfgurd7)

-Omkchoçïmjdo`dvh

-Zfpmsjhshgrhjmjh>


d)\fkms,omktrdpfkmshemaf-

-Dbhrturd,chrrdehktdsutfafzd-

k`ds

jdshomemusä-ads.

b)Gufa`mtfkd -\rfkoåpfmjhcukofmkdehktm jmsehsems

Cfgurd? -Odjhdjmomeue.

-Omkchoçïmjho`dvhphamshgrhjm

CHO@DJXRD_ H_\HOFDF_\DRD \MRZD_JH H_ZDBHAHOFEHKZM_ OMEHROFDF_H FKJX_ZRFD_ (Cfgurd:) -Zfpms -Jhsorfçïmjmsomepmkhkthsh prfkoåpfmjhcukofmkdehktmjh>

- - Eujd E ujdkç kçd d j h shgr s hgrhj hjms ms j jhh debmsemjhams - Dbhrturd,chrrdehktdsh Dbhrturd,chrrde Dbhrturd,chrrdeh hktdshomem omem usä-ads.

Cfgurd8 -Cho`djurdhahtrmedgkætfod.

CHO@DJXRD_ZHZRD_ (Cfgurd3)

-Cho`djurdohktrdajhpmrtds jhdçm9

-Zfpmsjhcho`djurds

-Odjhdjmsjho`ïm9


-Zrdvdsjhshgurdkçd

-Zfpmsjhofafkjrms

-Omkchoçïmjho`dvhphamsh-

-Zæokfodsjhjhsemktdgheh

grhjm -Eujdkçdjhshgrhjm

emktdghejhofafkjrmsthtrds -Eujdkçdjhshgrhjm

- -  Dbhrtu D bh bhrturd, rd, rd, tæo tæokfo tæokfods d s h  chrrd c h rrd -


ehktdspdrdmsjfvhrsmstfpms.

grhjm -Xkfcfodçïmjhshgrhjms - Dbhrturd,chrrdehktdsusdj Dbhrturd,chrrdeh Dbhrturd,chrrdehktdsusdjds ds hcmredjhusä-ads.

Cfgurd7 -Cho`djurdpdrdeÿvhfsheghrda.

CHO@DJXRD_OME OFAFKJRM_JH OFAFKJRM_JHO@D O@D O@DSH_ SH_ \DKZMGRÄCFOD_ HEXAZF\MKZM (Cfgurd0) -Zfpmjhshgrhjm

Cfgurd: -Cho`djurdVdahpdrdpmrtdsjhdçm.

-Jhsemktdghejmofafkjrm -Emktdghejmofafkjrm

CHO@DJXRD HAHZRMEDGKÆZFOD, X_DJDHE\MRZHFRM_ HAHZRÚKFOM_

-Omkchoçïmjho`dvh,tfpmsjh eäqufkdsompfdjmrdsutfafzdjds -Omemeujdrhshgrhjm















O@D O@DSH_ SH_ SH_OMJFCFODJD_ OMJFCFODJD_ \DRD DXZMEßSHF_ (Cfgurd4<) (Cfgurd4<) -\rfkoåpfmjhcukofmkdehktmjm sfsthed -Hqufpdehktmspdrdomjfcfodçïmjho`dvhsjhodrrmskdofmkdfshfepmrtdjms -Hqufpdehktmspdrdoamkdghe jho`dvhsometrdkspmkjhr Cfgurd0 -Cho`djurdomeofafkjrmeuatfpmktm.

-\rfkoåpfm -_hgrhjmehoâkfom

CHO@DJXRD_JH DXZMEßSHF_ (Cfgurds6) (Cfgurds6) -Odrdothråstfodsjmshgrhjmjh gufa`mtfkd,sfepahshjupam -Xkfcfodçïmjhshgrhjm

-_hgrhjmhahtrúkfom -Eujdkçdjhshgrhjmehoâkfom -Oÿpfdsjho`dvhs - Dbhrturd,pmssfbfafjdjhsh Dbhrturd,pmss Dbhrturd,pmssfbfafjdjhshchrchrrdehktdsusdjds.

Cfgurd44-Omcrh.

Fkfofdemsmoursmprmcfssfmkd Fkfofdemsmoursm prmcfssfmkdafafzdkthjh o`dvhfrm, o`dvhfrm, rhadofmkdkjm rhadofmkdkjm ds chrrdehktdsjhusmghrdahhsphoåcfods,khohssärfdspdrddemktdghejd mcfofkd,bheomemmshurhsphotfvm usmkdstdrhcdsodrdothråstfodsjdprmcfssïmjho`dvhfrm.

CHRRDEHKZD_JH X_MGHRDA


•O`dvhjhchkj •O`dvhjhchkj O`dvhjhchkjd d

-Zfpmsjhofafkjrmsjdsedçd-

•O`dvh\`faa • O`dvh\`faa O`dvh\`faafps fps

khtds

•O`dvhjhbmod

-Jhsemktdghehemktdghe

•O`dvhDa • O`dvhDa O`dvhDaahk ahk

-Ofafkjrmsjhfgkfçïm,omemrh-

•DafodthXkfvhrs •DafodthXkfvhrs DafodthXkfvhrsda da

tfrdr,jhsemktdrhemktdr

•Dafodthjhbfom


•Edrthams

grhjm

•\ukçïm

-Dbhrturdpmrehfmjhchrrd-

•_dod-pfkm

ehktdsquhdtudekmfkthrfmr

•Dromjhshrrd

jdpmrtdjfrhtdehkthkmehod-

•Zda`djhfrdhBhjdeh

kfsemjdstrdvds

Cfgurd4< -Dpdrha`mpdrdomjfcfodr.

- Dbhrturdpmrchrrdehktds Dbhrtu Dbhrturdpmr rdpmr chrrdehktdskmrkmr-

•Afeds •Cmreïm

edfsjhofafkjrmstfpmVdah.

OMCRH_

•Grmsd

(Cfgurd44)

•Curdjhfrd

-Ehodkfsemjhtrdvdehktm

•Brmods


•\fkçd

-Omknuktmjmshgrhjm,omepm-

•_dodvmad • _dodvmad _dodvmadkth kth

khkthshprfkoåpfmjhcukofmkd-

•Hsehrfa

ehktm

•\dquåehtrm

-Omemeujdrmshgrhjmjms

•Emrsd

jfsoms

•Bdkodjd

-Zfpmsjhcho`djurds

•Edo`mshomssfkhths

-Omkchoçïmjho`dvhspdrdds cho`djurds.

CHRRDEHKZD_ H_\HOÅCFOD_















•BhrçmpdrdofafkjrmVdah •Chrrdehktdsjhdbhrturd • Ompfdjmrds

omrrhtm

fstmæ,pdrdqudaehjfjdjhodbhçdmu fstmæ,pdrdquda ehjfjdjhodbhçdmu pmrodhadshrvh.Hxfstheìvhkjdjmfs pmrodhadshrvh.Hxfstheì vhkjdjmfs sfsthedsjhehjfjdshepmahgdjdsh efaåehtrms.(Cfgurd43).

X_MJD_ X_MJD_CHRRDEHKZ CHRRDEHKZ CHRRDEHKZD_ D_ O@D O@DSHJH SHJH SHJHCHKJD_FE\AH_ CHKJD_FE\AH_ HORX^DJD(\@FAAF\_) Chrrde Chr rdehkt hktd d e edkud dkudaa quh quh sshh jhstfkddmdphrtmhjhsdphrtmjhpdrdcusmsomechkjdsfepahsmuoruzdjd(\`faafps).(Cfgurd42).

Dpmktdjdo`dvh jhchkjdthe mehsem tdedk`mjdchkjdjmpdrdcusm. Cfgurd43-O`dvhjhbmodcfxd.

chkjdoruzdjd

fkomrrhtm

chkjdsfepahs Cfgurd42 -\drdcusms.

_ïmvärfmsmstfpmsjho`dvhs jhchkjd,kmhktdktm,pdrdmo`dvhfrm, jhchkjd,kmhktdktm,pdrdm o`dvhfrm, bdstdeuedphquhkd,uedeæjfdh uedgrdkjh. (Cfgurd4?) (Cfgurd4?).

Oadrmjhvhcfodrquhpdrddmcfofkdjho`dvhfrmkïm`äkhohssfjdjh jhgrdkjhsvdrfdçøhsjhehjfjds.Æ sucfofhkthuenmgmphquhkm(3phçds) jhehjfjdseæjfds.Memjmomrrhtm jhusdrdo`dvhcfxdæemstrdjmkd cfgurd47.

Dpmktdjdo`dvh jhchkjdæ ehkmrjm quhdchkjdjmpdrdcusm. Cfgurd4:-Omemusdrdo`dvhjhchkjd.

O@D O@DSHJH SHJH SHJHBMOD BMOD MXCFPD _ _ïm ïm cchrrde h rrdehkt hktds d s uutfafz tfafzdjd djdss pdrddphrtmhjhsdphrtmjhpmrodsmu odbhçdsjhpdrdcusmsjhchrcfashxtdvdjmmuqudjrdjm. (Cfgurd48).

Cfgurd47-Omemusdrdo`dvhjhbmod(cfxd).

O@DSHDAAHK (@hxdgmkda) Hstdchrrdehktdedkudaæjhstfkdjddmdphrtmhjhsdphrtmjhpdrdcusm cusms s j h oodbh dbhçd ç d oofaå faåkj kjrf rfod o d oome me shxtdvdjmfkthrkm. (Cfgurd40).

Cfgurd4?-O`dvhsjhchkjd.

Kïmushdo`dvhjhchkjd omemtda`djhfrdhkhep omemtda`djhfrdhkhepdrdprmvmodr drdprmvmodr jhsodrgdshaætrfods,pmfsfstm,odusd

Cfgurd48-\mrodhpdrdcusmshxtdvdjms















Kdmcfofkdjho`dvhfrmtrîsehjfjdssïmkhohssärfds.Kmredaehkth hssdso`dvhsdomepdk`dedeäqufkdompfdjmrdjho`dvhs,quhsh utfafzde utfafzde jhssds jhssds chrrdehkt chrrdehktds, ds, shrïm shrïm khohssärfds,hshjdrä,dpÿsdomeprdjdeäqufkdompfdjmrdjho`dvhs. Shndddpafodçïmjhstdchrrdehktdkd cfgurd46.

\drdmodsmjmo`dvhfrmpmjh\drdmodsmjm o`dvhfrmpmjhemsjhstdodrmdafodthpdrddkæfsjh shgehktm,ounmcukofmkdehktmæfkvhrsmdmjmsdafodthsomkvhkofmkdfs. Hkqudktmkmsdafodthsomkvhkofmkdfs dphrtdemsds`dsthspdrddspmktds shcho`drhe,kmjhdkæfsjhshgehktmdmdphrtdremsds`dsthsds pmktdsshdbrhe. Hsthdafodththepmuquåssfem usmpdrdmo`dvhfrm,kmhktdktmshcmr trdbda`dromeofafkjrmsjhomktdtmsjh pdrtfjdjhdutms,daguksemjhamspmssuhehsshdkhahaästfom,cdzhkjm-sh khohssärfmmusmjhsshdafodth. (Cfgurd24).

Cfgurd46-Dpafodçïmjdo`dvhdaahk.

ouk`djhedjhfrdmuehtda.Tudkjm utfafzdrmedrthampdrdbdthrsmbrhsuphrcåofhs phrc åofhs åofhs dodb dod dodbdjd bdjds, s, omam om omamquh amquh quh omem omem prmthçïmuephjdçmjhehtdaahvhmu edjhfrd._heprhquhpmssåvhajhscfrd msgmaphsphgdkjmdcdohjmedrtham. Kdmcfofkdjho`dvhfrmmedrthamæ edfsusdjmpdrdbdthrchrrdehktds omktukjhkthsomemtda`djhfrds,pdrd rhemçïmjhodbhçdsjhrhbfthshhe pukçøhspdrdcdzhrdedrodçïmfkfofda jhuedcurdçïm

\XKÇÏM Æ Æ ued u ed cchrr hrrde dehk hktd td e edku dkuda da pmktfdgujdjhstfkdjddedrodrphçds muhchtudrphquhkdsodvfjdjhspdrd phreftfrdhxhouçïmjhcurms.Kdmcfofkdjho`dvhfrmæedfsusdjmpdrd edrodçïmfkfofdajdcurdçïmjmsodkdfsjmsofafkjrms. (Cfgurd2?).

DAFODZH_ Jmfsemjhamsjhdafodthssïm khohssärfmskdmcfofkdjmo`dvhfrm>m dafodthjhbfomhmdafodthukfvhrsda. (Cfgurd2<). Cfgurd24-Dafodthpdrddkæfsjhshgehktm.

DafodthXkfvhrsda

EDRZHAM Medrthamæuedchrrdehktd edkudajhstfkdjddfkjuzfrjhthrefkdjd kdjdcmr cmrçd çdjh jhfep fepdot dotmmsmb m smb smbrh rhedt edthrf hrfdfs dfs,, jhcmredkjm-msmujhsamodkjm-ms.M edrth edrtham amome omepø pøh-s h-shh jh jhju juds dspd pdrth rths> s>ododbhçdhodbm. (Cfgurd22).

DafodthjhBfom Cfgurd2<-Dafodths.

Msdafodthssïmutfafzdjmspdrd jmbrdrmuomrtdr.Ndedfsjhvheshrvfr jhedrthamhtdepmuomomemo`dvh jhbmodcfxdpdrddphrtdrmusmatdrpdjhbmodcfxdpdrddphrtdrmusmatdr

Cfgurd2? -\ukçïm.

_DOD-\FKM Chrrdehk Chrrdehktd td edk ed edkuda kuda chftd chft chftd chftd d jh dçmh,omepmktdrhtdjhstfkdjdd sdodrpfkmsmurhbfths.\drdmo`dvhfrmhstdchrrdeh vhfrmhstdchrrdehktdshtmrkd ktdshtmrkdþtfakd þtfakd rhemçïmjmpfkmtrdvdjmodk`ïm. (Cfgurd2:).

















ZDA@DJHFRD

Hxfsth Hxfsthe e sh shrrd rrds s ome ome kþ kþeh ehrm rmjh jh

Chrrdehktd Chrrdehktd edkuda utfafzdjd utfafzdjd

jhkthsdjhqudjdsdmtfpmjhedthrfda.

kmjhsbdsthhomrthjhedthrfdfseh-

\drdmo`dvhfrm,rhomehkjd-shshrrd

täafomsjhsuphrcåofhadrgd.

jh40jhkthspmrpmahgdjd,quhæfkjf-

thrkms,omempmrhxhepam,dcfdçïmjh jhkthsjhshrrds,shrrmths,hto.

:)O`dtd>pdrdusmghrdahe :)O`dtd suphrcåofhshomkvhxds.

Zda`djhf da` da`djhfrd djhfrd rd Bhjdeh Bhj Bhjdeh deh jhstfkdjhstfk jhstfkdd-

odjdpdrdshrvfçmsghrdfs.\hamo`d-

8)Ehfd-odkd>thejupadcfkdaf-

shddbhrturdjhodkdahtdshrdsgms.

vhfrmæpmuomusdjm,dkïmshrpdrd

jdjh>adjmo`dtmpdrdsuphrcåofhspad-

\drdmo`dvhfrmdtda`djhfrdkïmjhvh

omrthjhedthrfdfspdrdomkchoçïmjh

kdsmuomkvhxdshadjmourvmpdrd

shrgrdkjh,shkjmedfsusdjdpdrd

phquhkdsphçdsjhrhpmsfçïmhech-

suphrcåofhsrhjmkjdsmuoúkodvds.

rhemçïmjdodbhçdjhrhbfths,jhch-

o`djurdshphquhkdschrrdehktds.

o`djurdsrhbftdjdshepmrtdshjhcfxd xdç dçï çï ïm m

jd jd

td td de ep ep pd d

jd jd

od od dffx fx xd d

AFED_

jd jd

cho`djurd.(Cfgurd28).

D afedæd afedæ afedædprfkofpdachrrdehktd d prfkofpdachrrdehktd pdrdmo`dvhfrm,pmfsvärfdssïmds

Rhjmkjm

Tudjrdjm

Zrfdk rfdkgu guad adr r

suds sud s d dpafod pa pafodçøh çøhs> s> p pdrd dr d cdzhr c d zh r ued u ed o`dv o`dvh h jh j h ofafkj ofa ofafkjrm rm quh qu quh h kïm kïm pmssu p mssuff o`dvh,kdeujdkçdjhshgrhjm,kd afephzdjhrhbdrbdsjhfxdjdsphad

Ehfd-odkd

Cdod

O`dtm

crhsdjdompfdjmrd,hto. D D afedæ afed afed æued uedchrrdehktdedchrrdehktded-

Cfgurd20 Cfgurd20-\hrcfajdafed. -\hrcfajdafed.

kudajhjhsbdsthjmedth kudajhjhsbdsthjmedthrfdajhued rfdajhued

Tudktmdmtfpmjhomrthhjh

phçd,bheomempdrdmshudodbd-

jhkthæmtrdbda`mdshrhxhoutdjmjh jhkthæmtrdbda`mdshrhxhoutdjmjh

ehktmcfkda.

jhsbdsthmudodbdehktmquhjhthr-

Momeprfehktmjdafedæeh-

efkd.(Cfgurd26).

jfjm jfjmjm jmme mebr brm m jdaf jd afed eddt dtæ æ d sud sud pmkt pmktd. d. -Zda`djhfrd. Cfgurd28 Cfgurd28-Zda`djhfrd.

Kïmshdomksha`ddemadrm omrthjdtda`djhfrd.

Mtfpmjhedthrfdahmtdedk`m jdär jd ärhd hd d shr shr r trdb tr dbda da`d `djd jd æ quh quh jhth jhthre refk fkd fkd m omeprf ome omeprfehk ehktm tmjd jdafe afed. d. (Cfgurd (Cfgurd27). urd 27).

Bdstdrjd

Eurçd

Dmusdr Dm usdrd d tda`djhfrd,`dbftuhtda`djhfrd, tda`djhfrd,`dbftuhshdedkthrmsma`msvmatdjmspdrdm edthrfdadshromrtdjmhkïmpdrdd odbhçdjdchrrdehktd.

DROM_HRRD Hstd Hstd chrrd chr chrrdehkt rdehktd d  edkuda ed kuda uda rhrhohbhuedaâefkdjhshrrdpdrdmph-

Cfgurd26 Cfgurd26-Afedsqudktmìrugmsfjdjhjms -Afedsqudktmìrugmsfjdjhjms jhkths.

Oadssf Oad Oa dssfcfo cfod-s d-sh h m pfodjm p f od jm jm  jds jd j ds ds

afedsjhdomrjmomedsodrdothråstf-















Ds Ds afeds afeds jh omrth omrth jupam jupa jupam m sïm usdjdsomeprhssïmedfmrjmquhds

emvfehktmjh Afedgherhtd- emvfehktmjh vdfvæe,amkgftujfkda.

jhomrthsfepahs,omedcfkdafjdjhjh jhsbdstdrmedthrfda.

D afed afe afed afed d æ hepurrdjd hepurrd hepurrdjd jd smbr sm smbrh brh h d phçdjfrhtdehkthpdrdcrhkthmuafghf-

Grmsd- pmssufuedsærfhjh

phçdsquhhstïmprhsdsduetmrkmmu d ued ued emrs emrsd, d,gh ghrd rdae aehk hkth th m fkjf fkjfod odjm jmr ræ omamodjmsmbrhmodbmheafk`domed afed. (Cfgurd??).

rdehkthkdjfdgmkda.

jhkthsfkjfvfjudfscmredkjmueomrth

Zrdksafedghe-omedseïms

dgrhss dgr hssfvm fvm fvm shkjm shk shkj m usdjms u sd sdjms jms prfkof prf prfkofpda pda--

shgurdkjmdshxtrhefjdjhsjdafed

ehkthheedjhfrds,odsomsjhdkf-

hepurrh-dhpuxh-dsmbrhdphçdquh

edfs,daueåkfmhoùebm.

gfrdhetmrkm.Hstdcmredjhafedghe kïm kïm the the dp dpafo afodç dçïm ïmkm kmjf jfdd-dd-jf jfd d jmo` jm o`ddvhfrm.

Afedghehetmrkm- dafedæ emvfehktdjdomktrddphçdquhgfrd hetmrkm.Hstdcmredjhafedghekïm thedpafodçïmkmjfd-d-jfdjmo`dCfgurd?? Cfgurd??-Demadruedcdod. -Demadruedcdod.

vhfrm. M emjm emjmjh jhsh shgu gurd rdr r d afed afedvd vdrf rfd d

s h a p e f _

m a p u J

d s m r G

hecukçïmjdomkjfçïmhequhshhk-

emvfehktmsjhvheshrpdrdcrhkth,

omktrdpmsfofmkdjddphçd.

kuedafk`dprdtfodehkthrhtd. kuedafk`dprdtfodehkthrhtd.Mourtm Mourtm

Kmod Km odsm smjh jhafe afedr drsu suph phrc rcåo åofh fhs s jh phçds cfxdjds cfxdjds kd emrsd, emrsd, shgurd-sh shgurd-sh cfrehdafedomedsjudseïms. cfrehdafed omedsjudseïms. Modbmjhvhcfodrdomemjdjm kdpdaedjdeïm,edfsprÿxfemjd bdshjmjhjmkmeåkfem. Mpmahgdrjhvhshgurdrmodbm hepmsfçïmpdrdahaddmomeprfehktm

-Zfpmsjhafed. Cfgurd?< Cfgurd?<-Zfpmsjhafed.

ndjm ndjm km trdbda`m trdb trdbda`m,, d afedjhv afed afed jhvh h shrusdj shr shr usdjd d omrrhtdehkth.\drdodjdtfpmjhshr-

jhvhshremjfcfodjmdphkdspdrdhvftdrsuaomskdphçd. Jhvh-s Jhvh-sh h hvftdr hvf hvftdrm m emvfehk emv emvfehktmj tmjh h vdfvæ vdfvæe, e,pm pmfs fshst hsth h prmjuz prm prmjuzfrä fräsup suphrc hrcåof åofhs hs drrhjmkjdjds. M emvfehktmpdrd emvfehktmpdrd träsjhvh shrahvh(sheprhss shrahvh(sheprhssïm)pdrdkïmprhïm)pdrdkïmprhnujfodrdhstruturdjmsjhkth nujfodrdhstruturdjmsjhkthsjdafed. sjdafed. Shndkd cfgurd?: demvfehk-

jhstd. Kdomktrdeïm,dpmktdjdafed

\drddtfkgfrmrhsuatdjmjhsh-

\drduedafedghepadkd,ms

jhvhcfodrprhsdhktrhmpmahgdrhms jhjmsfkodjmrheæjfm. _ _hh m  emvf e mvfeh ehkt ktm m kïm k ïm hxfg h xfgfr fr

vfçmhxfsthueemjhamjhafed,dssfe

euftdprhssïm,mpmahgdrjdeïmquh

omemdcmredjhedkhnä-ad.Bdsfod-

shgurdpmktdpmjhcfodrkueâkguam

ehkthsïmtrîsdscmredsjhtrdbda`dr

rhtmherhadçïmdmomeprfehktmjd

tdçïmomrrhtdjdsafeds.















omedsmutrds,pmfsmo`mquhhstrdgd msshu ms shussjhk s jhk jhkths ths..Gud . Gud Gudrjh rjh-ds -dsshe sheprh prhhe he amodashom.Jhvhshrhvftdjmmomktdtm omedsuphrcåofhpfodjd. rhtfrd-shmodvdom omedhsomvdjhdçm.

CMREÏM Æuedchrrdehktdedkudajh jhsbdsthhomrthheedjhfrd. _udutfafjdjhpdrdmprmcfssfmkdao`dvhfrmæphquhkd,dkïmshrkd omkch omkchoç oçïm ïmjh jhdb dbhrt hrturd urdpdr pdrddhko d hko hkodfx dfxhh kd pmrtd.(Cfgurd?7).

Cfgurd?0-D-Curdjhfrdjhbdkodjd.

hr r rd jm

ohr tm

Cfgurd?8-_heprhcdçddafephzd.

D gmrju gmr gmrjurd jurd rd h h d d uefjdj uef uefjd jdjh jh h jds eïms eïms pmjhe pmjhe prhnuj prh prh nujfod fodr r d äärhd rhd jjhh omrthrhjuzfkjmdvfjdþtfajdafed. Hvfthusdr Hvfthusdr d afedomemdadafedomemdadvdkodmusdod-pfkms. vdkodmusdod-pfkms.Dsafedsutfafzd Dsafedsutfafzd-jds jds kkdd mc mcfo fofk fkd d jjmm o` o`dv dvhf hfrm r m sïm s ïm d qudjrdjdho`dtd. D o`dtd o`dt o`d o`dtd td d æ edfs ed edfs edffss usdjd usd usdjd usdjd jd pdrd pdrd afedrärhdsedfmrhsomem‑omstd afedrärhdsedfmrhsomem ‑omstds―jh s―jh o`dvhVdahhkdomkchoçïmjdo`dvh Gmrgh. \mjh \mjh sh shr rtde tdebæ bæe eutf e utf utfafz afzdj djd d pd pdrd rd cdzhrdsodvdsjdo`dvhVdah,eds, pdrdfstm,rhomehkjdemsdafedqudjrdjd.(Cfgurd?3). AfedTudjrdjd

Cfgurd?7 -Cmreïm.

CXRDJHFRD Dcurdjhfrd D curdjhfrd curdjhfrd æ æd deäqufkd eäqufkd eäqufkd utfafutfafzdjdpdrdprmjuzfrcurmsofrouadrhs kdsphçds,dtrdvæsjmemvfehktmjh rmtdçïmjhuedchrrdehktdjhomrth. Hssdchrrdehktdjhomrthæuedbrmod muhsodrhdjmr. Hxfstheemjhamspmrtäthfs,jh bdkodjdhjhomaukd.Kmodsmjm o`dvhfrmmfjhdashrfdthrdpmrtätfahd jhbdkodjd. Edskdfepmssfbfafjdjhsÿd pmrtätfaæsucfofhkth.Shndmsjmfsemjhamskdscfgurds?0h?0D.

Dcurdjhfrdedkuda hxfghquh shcdçdprhssïmsmbrhdehsedpdrd phkhtrdçïmjdbrmod. Näkmodsmjdcurdjhfrdjh bdkodjddprhssïmæchftddofmkdkjmshddadvdkodjhdvdkçm.Hedebds dscurdjhfrdsdbrmodmuhsodrhdjmræ omamodjdkmedkjrfa. Medkjrfaæuedohssÿrfmome gdrrdsjhdçm,quhshdbrhhcho`d qudkjmdofmkdjmpmruedo`dvhjhktdjd,omemuedphquhkdhkgrhkdghe,pdrdphreftfrmdphrtm ghe,pdrdphreftfrmdphrtmjhbrmods jhbrmods muhsodrhdjmrjhjfvhrsmsjfâehtrms. (Cfgurd?6).















gufdjd edkjåbuad eÿvha

edkjåbuadeÿvha edkjåbuadcfxd

pdrdcusm

bdsh

edkfpuam

mrha`djhcfxdçïmjdemrsd

Cfgurd:2-Zfpmsjhhsodrhdjmr.

Cfgurd:<-Emrsdjhcurdjhfrd.

Mo`dvhfrmutfafzddcurdjhfrd pdrd dbrfr dbrfr ms odkdfsjms odkdfsjms ofafkjrms ofafkjrms,, mkjhshhkomktrdemsomepmkhkths (pfkmsshgrhjm,omktrdpfkms,emafk`ds)quhcmredemshgrhjm. k`ds)quhcmredem shgrhjm. (Cfgurd :4). Mutrd Mutrd utfafjdj utfafjdjh h æ pdrd cdzhr cdzhr dbhrturdjhpmrtds,qudkjmfstmkïm cmrpmssåvhaomedschrrdehktdsdjhqudjdspdrdfssm.

BRMOD_ Ds Ds brmo brmods ds sïm sï sïm m chrrdehktds chrrde chrrdehkt hktds ds jhstfkdjdsddbrfrcurmsheedthrfdfs edofçms. _ïmomkstftuåjdsheghrdajh dçmdmodrbmkm,sdafhktdkjm-shquh dsquhtrdbda`deomedatdrmtdçïm sïm omkstftu omkstftuåjds åjds jhdçmräpfjm, pmr mchrhohredfmrrhsfstîkofddmomrthh dmodamrghrdjmphamd dmodamrghrdjmphamdtrftm.Shndkd trftm.Shndkd cfgurd:?,dsbrmods`hafomfjdfsquh sïmdsedfsusdjds. Hspfgd @dsth

Omr pm

\mktd

\rmnhçïmjdBrmod@hafom \rmnhçïmjdBrmod@hafomfjdajh@dsthOú fjdajh@dsthOúkfod kfod

Brmod@hafomfjdajh@dsthOúkfod @dsth Omrpm

\mktd

\rmnhçïmjdBrmod@hafom \rmnhçïmjdBrmod@hafomfjdajh@dsthOf fjdajh@dsthOfaåkjrfod fjdajh@dsthOfaåkjrfod aåkjrfod

Msedo`msshprhstdeddbrfr rmsodsfkthrkds(pmrods)hmsomssfkhthsdhchtudrshrvfçmsquhrhquhfrdermsodshxthrkds(pdrdcusms). Medo`mæcdbrfodjmomeue dçmeuftmjurm,jhphrcfarhjmkjmome rhbdfxmsmquha`hjäuephrcfajh oruz.Hsthrhbdfxmækhohssärfmpdrd jdrsdåjddmedthrfdadcfejhshdbrfr drmsod. Æ Æ tdebæ t debæe e omk` omk`hof hofjm jm oomem mem âkguamjhomrth. (Cfgurd::).















Edo`mtfpm4

Jhvh-shhxhrohrprhssïmukfcmrehkmsjmfsbrdçmsjmjhsdkjdjmr cmrehkmsjmfsbrdçms jmjhsdkjdjmr dcfejhedkthrmomssfkhth dcfejhedkthrmo dcfejh edkthrmomssfkhthphrphkjfmssfkhthphrphkjfphrphkjfouadrdmhfxmquhhstäshkjmrmsquhdjm. (Cfgurd:6).

Edo`mtfpm2

jhsdkjdjmr Edo`mtfpm?

Cfgurd:8-Sfrd-Edo`m.

Cfgurd:7-Edo`ms.

Kd cfgurd:3,vhemsomemsh prmohjhpdrdcdzhruedrm prmohjhpdrdcdzhruedrmsodfkthrkd sodfkthrkd utfafzdkjmueedo`mh utfafzdkjmueedo`mh jhsdkjdjmr. jhsdkjdj jhsdkjdjmr mr .

\drd \drd cdzh cdzhr cdzhr rmsods rmso rmsods hxth hx hxthrkds thrkds,, utfafzd-shmsomssfkhths. Zdebæehxfsthueomssfkhth pdrdodjdehjfjdjhrmsod. Momssfkhthæemktdjmheue jhsdkjdjmrprÿprfmmkjhæcfxdjm.

jhsdkjdjmr

(Cfgurd:0).

Omknuktmhsthtdebæeomk`hofjmomemtdrrdxd. (Cfgurd:0-D). edo`m

emrsd

phçd Cfgurd:3-\dssdghejmedo`msmbrhmedthrfda.

_dafhktde _dafhktdems ms quh quh quh odjd odj odjd juds juds vmatdsjhvh-shvmatdrmedo`mheue qudrtmjhvmatdhdpafodraubrfcfodkth pdrdomktfkudrdrmsquhdr,hvftdkjm omefssmdpmssfbfafjdjhjhquhbrdrd chrrdehktd. M M aaubrfc ubrfcfod fodkth kt h uutfafz tfafzdjm dj m hhe e

cfgurd:0-Omssfkhth.

Omssfkhth

emrsd

phçddshr rmsquhdjd Cfgurd:6-Omssfkhthphrphkjfouadrdmhfxm

quhhstäshkjmrmsquhdjm.

\drdmprhcfssfmkdao`dvhfrm, hsthomknuktmjhchrrdehktdskïmthe euftdutfafjdjh.Kmhktdktm,thrue nmgmjh nmgm jhtmrkd-shkhohssärfm, tmrkd-shkhohssärfm, tmrkd-shkhohssärfm,pmfs, pmfs, pmfs,ìs ìs vhzhspmjhshrprhofsmhxhoutdrued rmsodheuedadthrdajdodfxdjhcho`djurd,dsfejhshomamodruepdrdcusmhesubstftufçïmdmrhbfthquh cmfrhemvfjm,mufkstdadruedcho`djurdheuedpmrtdjhchrrmmugrdjh, shkjmkhohssärfmcdzhrdcurdçïmh rmsodpdrdcfxdçïmjdehsed. Omemmdaukmpmjhphrohbhr h he e debm d ebms s  m s oodsm dsms s ccmf mf usdj u sdjm m m edo`m,pmfsmomssfkhthdfkjdæedfs jfcåofajhshrusdjm.

\FKÇD

















\drdmo`dvhfrmhadæfepmrtdkthpdrdedkushdrmspfkmsshgrhjms,omktrdpfkmshemafk`ds.

jhsamod-shherhadçïmìphçdcfxdpmr ehfmjhuedpdrdcusm. (Cfgurd82). phçdeÿvha

_DOD-SMADKZH Æuedchrrdehktdedkudahsphoåcfodpdrdsdodrvmadkthjhvhåouamsheghrda. _hkjmeuftmutfafzdjdhemcfofkdsehoâkfods. \drdmo`dvhfrmhadthepmuquåssfedutfafjdjh,pmfssïmpmuoms msvhåouamsquhmo`dvhfrmprhofsd sdodrm sdodrm vmadkthpdrd vmadkthpdrdrhtfrdrmofafkjrm rhtfrdrmofafkjrm jhtrdvdjhjfrhçïm.Shndkd cfgurd 84,omemsdodrmvmadkthjhuevhåouam.

emrjhkthscfxms

Mrhbmamæuedchrrdehktdofaåkjrfodjhphquhkdhsphssurdome uecurmohktrda,pmrehfmjmqudaæ chftmmhkodfxhkmhfxmjmhsehrfa. chftmmhkodfxhkmhfxm jmhsehrfa. (Cfgurd8:).

brmod

phçdcfxd

odbm rhbmam buo`djhoùebm

daturd pdrdcusm

hspfgd

hfxm

bdsh

Cfgurd82-Emrsd

Tudkjmshprhkjhphçdsdodbdjdsomemæmodsmjdo`dvhfrm, quhcfxdofafkjrms,odk`ïmjhofafkjrm, hto,ækhohssärfmomamodrkmsemrjhkthsuedprmthçïm,ghrdaehkthjh edthrfdaedfsedofmquhdphçd.He ghrda ghrda rda hssd hssd prmthç prm prmthçïm ïm ppmjh mjh sshr hr jh jh ombrh,oùebm,edjhfrd,daueåkfmmu

o`dvhtd Cfgurd8: -Rhbmamhkodfxdjmdmhfxmjm

edkjrfa.

Mrhbmam Mrhbmam the the m dsph dsphotm otm jh uedphjrdjhsuphrcåofhäsphrd, cfgurd88.















chftmsomamodkjmuephquh chftmsomamodkjmue phquhkm kmrhbmam rhbmam nä nä ome om ome e hfxm hfxm pdrd pdrd pdrd rd shr shr omamod oma omamodjm omam modjm odjm jm km edkjrfajdcurdjhfrd. Mhsehrfasÿækhohssärfmkd mcfofkdshmo`dvhfrmcmrtrdbda`drome dcfdçïmjhcdods,thsmurds,dafodthjh uk`d,jhoutåouad,hto.

pdrthjmjfd-d-jfdjmo`dvhfrm,sïmjfehksfmkdjmsheefaåehtrms

OME\ OME\D__MJH D__MJH D__MJHEHJFR EHJFR Æued Æ uedchrrdeh uedch chrrdehktd rrdehktd utfafzdjd utfaf utfafzdj zdjd d kdehjfçïmfkjfrhtdphamcdtmjhkïm pmssufrgrdjudçïm.Hxfsthevärfms tfpmsjhstfkdjmsdcfkshsphoåcfoms, pmræetmjmsmbhjhohedmehsem prfkoåpfm.Momepdssmpmjhsubstfprfkoåpfm.Momepdssmpmjh substftufrmpdquåehtrmkdvhrfcfodçïmh trdkspmrthjhehjfjds,fstmpmrquh æuedchrrdehktdjhoustmehkmr quhmpdquåehtrm,hsu quhmpdquåehtrm,hsucfofhkth cfofhkth cfofhkth pdrd mm oo`dv `dvhf hfrm rm. . M oomep mepds dssm sm e edus dus usdjmkhsthæmjhehjfjdshxthrkdsemstrdjmkd cfgurd83.

trm),mqudajhsorhvhrhem trm),mqudajhsorhvhrhemsdshgufr sdshgufr sdshgufr.. D grdjudçïmjd`dsthcfxdmuhsodadæ chftdheefaåehtrms.

t r j d m ç k m ú z k h f r m m

k ú k f m

Cfgurd87 Cfgurd87-Hsodad. -Hsodad.

Shndkd cfgurd80 omemehjfr omehsodad.

544ee

p r m c u k j f j d j h

p d r d c u s m

t r d v d v d r h t d j h

` d s t h

c f x d

Cfgurd86 Cfgurd86-\dquåehtrm. -\dquåehtrm.

56ee

Mkúkfmmuoursmreÿvhaæjfvfjfjmhe4<pdrths,mushnd,odjdjfvfsïm vfsïm omrr omrrhspm omrr hspmkjh hspmkjh kjhd kjhd d <,4 <,4 efaåe efa efaåehtrm åehtrm (uejæofemjhefaåehtrm). Sdemsjdruehxhepamjhahf-















Dssfe,,d Dssfe d ehjfj ehj ehjfjd fj d prhof prh prhofsd of sd æ 3,0ee, 3,0ee, mushnd,shfsefaåehtrmshmftmjæofems.Mutrmhxhepamjhahfturdvhnd kdcfgurd34.

Rhssdatdemsquhhstdschrrdehktdssïmcdbrfodjdshvhkjfjdshe odsds hsphofdafzdjds, hsphofdafzdjds, mutrds shrïm khohssärfdshkïmsïmvhkjfjds,pmrtdktmjhvheshrchftdsphamprÿprfm daukmshkjmsudomkchoçïmhksfkdjd kmjhomrrhrjmoursm.

_DODZRDSD Æuedchrrdehktdedkudautfafzdjdpdrdsmatdrmspdrdcusmsquh cfxdedtrdvdjhjfrhçïmjmsodrrms. Msrhchrfjmspdrdcusmssïmjh odbhçd odbhçdofaåkjrfo ofaåkjrfod, d,tmtdaehk tmtdaehkth thafsd, afsd, pmrtdktmshechkjd,kherhbdfxm shxtdvdjmtfpmDaahk. (Cfgurd32).

Omehssdsphçds,æpmssåvha jhsemktdrofafkjrmsfkjhphkjhkthsh bfpdrtfjmsshekhohssfjdjhjhbrmquhdrmstdepøhsjmsodkdfs.

BHRÇMJHOFAFKJRM V VDAH DAH Chrrdehktdmkjhshcfxdmemkmbamompdrdshrjhsemktdjmshe khohssfjdjhjhbrmquhdrmstdepøhs jmsodkdfs.(Cfgurd3:).

Cfgurd34-Hxhepamjhahfturd.

Mzhrmjmkúkfmuatrdpdssdd jæofedshxtdjfvfsïmjdhsodad,pmrtdktm,43ee. Domfkofjîkofdjhuedjfvfsïm Domfkofjîkofdjhuedjfvfsïm jmkúkfmomeuedhsodad.Amgmdehjfjdprhofsdæjh43,8(jhzhsshfsefaåehtrmshshfsjæofems).

Cfgurd3:-BhrçmjhofafkjrmVdah.

JF_\M_FZFSMZHZRD Omknuktmjhchrrdehktdsusd-















cmrqu cmr qufa` fa`d d pdrd p dr d puxd p uxdr r cdzhk c d zhkjm j m dadd ad ad-

EÄTXFKD_JX\AFODJMRD_

vdkod. (Cfgurd33).

Eäqufkdompfdjmrd Gmajk¾4 (Cfgurd30) Fkjfodjdpdrdo`dvhspadkds(Vdahhdutm)hthtrd. -Gufdomehktdjmomerhguadgheeformeætrfod. - Emrjhkths Emrjhkths rhvhrsåvhfs rhvhrsåvhfs ome djdptdçïmpdrdo`dvhsthtrd. -Hsomvdjhdçmcfm<,2
CHRRDEHKZD_JH DBHRZXRD Ds Ds chrrdeh chr chrrde rdehktd rdehkt hktds ktds ds s jh dbhrturd dbhrt dbhrtur urd d tdebæesïmomk`hofjdsomemgäzudsmuefo`ds._ïmaâefkdschftds

chrrmcukjfjm. -Mpofmkdasheemtmr.

Jdjmstæokfoms -

Em Em mttm tm mrr

em em mk km km mc c cä äs äs sffo fo om m

4/:ov.47:
h he e d dçm çm hsph h sphof ofda d a j h prhchr p rh rhchrîk îkofd of d

-O`dvhomkvhrsmrd>4444
fkmx.

- - Jfehk J f ehksøh søhs> s>  D Dat.> a t. > 2 2?
chrhkof chrhkofdjd djds s q uh uh  s ïm ïm  usdjds u sd sdj ds ds  h he e

\rmc.>?323
Cfgurd30 -Gmajk¾4.















Jdjmstæokfoms -Emtmr>emkmcäsfom 4/:ov.47:
Jfehk J f ehksøh søhs> s> D Dat.>2 a t.>23
\rmc.>???67<x7x42,7eeohehktdjd. -_hrrd><3?x4,2x43he @__. -O`dvh -O`dvhomkvhrsmrd>4444
















Crhsd Emtmr Gufd Edçdkhtd

Emrjhkths

\mafdjm Emtmr















-Drægudafeftdjmrdæahvdktdjdhshusafeftdjmrhshkomstdjms,m hsquhrjmkmbamquhjdo`dvhmrfgfkda hmjfrhftmkmbamquhjdo`dvhvfrghe. -Xedvhzdohrtdjddpmsfçïm jdsjudso`dvhs,dbdfxd-shdrægud homkchrh-shdjfstâkofdhktrhbamquhs,hkomstdkjm-shmbamquhjdmrfgfkdakmgufdhmjdvfrghekdcrhsd. -Hstdkjmhemrjhefkfofd-sh mprmohssmjhompfdr. (Cfgurd77) (Cfgurd77).

Gufd hkomstd

Crhsdkïm hkomstd

Gufdkïm hkomstd

Crhsd hkomstd

Cfgurd70h70-D Cfgurd70h70-D-Rhdafzdkjmmsdohrtmsjdso`dvhs. -Rhdafzdkjmmsdohrtmsjdso`dvhs.

RHGXADGHE Kmredaehkthdseäqufkdsompfdjmrdsnävîerhguadjdsjhcäbrfod,

_mathmpdrdcusm kþehrm4 .

Hstdrhguadgheæchfrdpdrd

H emvfehkthm emvfehkthm supmrth supmrth gufd`mrf-

dohr dohrtdr dohrtdrds td tdr rds ds jfst jf jfstâkof stâkofds ds hktr hk hktrh tr h gufd gufd guf gufd d h

zmktdaehkthdtæquhmsbamquhsjds

crhsdomedrægudafeftdjmrd.Dphrth















EMRJHKZH_ Msemrjhkthsjdseäqufkds

sfepahs

edfssfepahssïmusdjmshejudspmsfçøhsomkcmrehmtfpmjho`dvhquh shjhshndompfdr.Hxfstheeäqufkds

jupad

omeemrjhkthsjhqudtrmpmsfçøhs, quhcdofaftdemtrdbda`mhedaguks tfpmsjho`dvhs.Kmhktdktm,omeue pmuomjhprätfodomkshguh-shdoÿpfd jho`dvhsomemsemrjhkt jho`dvhsomemsemrjhkthsjhjuds hsjhjuds pmsfçøhs.(Cfgurd04).

thtrd

Cfgurd02 -Cfxdçïmprfseätfod.

Cfgurd0: -Emjhamsjho`dvhs.

Mbshrvhkdscfgurdsdshgufr,















hktrhdsjudso`dvhsomedrægudafeftdjmrdpdrdquhcf eftdjmrdpdrdquh eftdjmrdpdrdquhcf cf quhehkomstdjds kmbamquhjdsjudso`dvhs. ‟OmkcfrdshdjfsCfgurd6< Cfgurd6<‟Omkcfrdshdjfstâkofdhktrhdso`dvhs tâkofdhktrhdso`dvhshstäomrrhtd hstäomrrhtd‟ ‟ hkomstmjdo`dvhmrfgfkdakmgufd,hm hkomstmjdo`dvhmrfgfkdakmgufd,h m hkomstmjdo`dvhvfrghekdcrhsd. ‟Edkthk`ddso`dCfgurd64 Cfgurd64‟Edkthk`ddso`dvhskdpmsfçïm,afguhdeäqufkdhfkfofh o f h d  crhsd c r hsdghe ghe, , e emvfe mvfehk hktdk tdkjm jm m odrrfk`mjdjfrhftdpdrddhsquhrjd hxhroh hxhrohkj kjm m smbrh s mb rh rh  m  ehsem e h se m aafghfr fg fghfrd d prhssïmpdrdedkthrdso`dvhsprhs-

Cfgurd08 -Eäqufkdompfdjmrd.

Cfgurd Cfgurd00 00-Ahvdktdkjmìsafeftdjmrd.















Cfgurd64Cfgurd64-AfgdkjmdeäqufkdfkåofmcrhsdAfgdkjmdeäqufkdfkåofmcrhsd-

Cfgurd6: Cfgurd6:-...dtæmhkomstmjdso`dvhs. -...dtæmhkomstmjdso`dvhs.

Cfgurd Cfgurd67 67 67-\dssdkjmdo`dvhkdhsomvd. -\dssdkjmdo`dvhkdhsomvd.

















OMKCHOÇÏMJHOß\FDJH O@DSHVDAHJX\AD HJHDXZM_ \drdcdzhrdoÿpfdjdo`dvh jupad ju p ad a d  (odv ( odvds ds j jms ms j jmfs mf s aadjms dj d jm s j jdd `dsthjdo`dvh)quhæmodsmprfkof-

Cfgurd4<2‟ Rhpftddmphrdçïmpdrdmsemrjhkthsjdjfrhftd.

Cfgurd4
Mbshrvh Mbshrvh quhd mrfgfkda mrfgfkda hstä shkjmgfrdjdpdrdträspdrdshrcfxdjd kdkmvdpmsfçïm.

Cfgurd442‟ Gfrhpdrdträs, omkcmrehcmfchftdomedmrfgfkda,cfxhd











































_F_ZHEDJHEHJFJD_ Sfemsquhkdfkstdadçïmhrhpmsfçï pm sfçïm m j h cho`dju c ho ho `djurds, rds, rds, dagu dag dagueds ued s ehjfjd eh jfjds s s ï m fepmrtd f ep epmrtdkths k th th s v vfems fe fe ms

_F_ZHEDEÆZRFOM JHOFEDA Msfsthedeætrfomtheomem ukfjdjhcukjdehktdam ehtrm.

tdebæequhkdomkchoçïmjdo`dvh

Mseþatfpamshsubeþatfpam Mseþatfpamsh subeþatfpamsjm sjm

gmrgh gmrgh, , æ prhofs p r hofsm m tmedr t m ed r ehjfj e hjfjds ds,,

ehtrm,mushnd,vdamrhsedfmrhsh

Mssåebmamsutfafzdjmspdrdms ehsemssïm> Jhoåehtrm5je Ohktåehtrm5oe Efaåehtrm5ee















<dmqufktmtrdçmphquhkm5 ofkomefaåehtrms <dmshxtmtrdçmphquhkm5 shfsefaåehtrms <dmsætfemtrdçmphquhkm5 shthefaåehtrms

AHFZXRDJHH_ODAD Shndemsomemutfafzdrdhsodad kdtmedjdjhehjfjds. Mbshrvhkd cfgurd440 ,dtmMbshrvhkd edjdjdsehjfjdsprfkofpdfsjhcho`djurd,quhsïm>























































































curso de chaveiro parte 1.pdf

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