concrete forms
Search
CONCRETE CONCRETE FORM S
CONCRETE FORMS TO CONCRETE FOOTINGS concrete defects concrete sacking concretefloor.html concrete stairs about concrete tools Forming concrete walls with strip ease system rent rent this system -components: flat metal ties, steel bar walers, slotted plywood forms, hinged corners -nail out side plate 19mm outside bldg line to concrete footing -erect all corners plumb and nail to bottom plate -attach top plate between corners -attach plywood forms to bottom and top plate nail lightly -insert flat metal ties into slots -pull steel waler bars through slots -build window and door bucks -set up inside plywood forms threading onto ties -brace and straighten outside wall
concrete forms
-set pour strip - pour walls -strip walers by using hammer on steel bars
[? ] Subscribe To This Site
FAST FOOT
concrete forms
-set pour strip - pour walls -strip walers by using hammer on steel bars
[? ] Subscribe To This Site
FAST FOOT
concrete forms
A material footing,,, works great available at concrete forming outlets
pouring
CONCRETE CONCRETE FORMING WI TH DOUBLE WALERS
concrete forms
concrete forms
concrete forms
NOTE: plate must be 3/4" off of building line to allow for forming plywood
concrete forms
concrete forms
concrete forms
concrete forms
concrete forms
nail off all strong backs, corner locks with 3.25" duplex nails
concrete forms
concrete forms
the 4"x6" brace is used to hold form work against existing wall preventing movement
concrete forms
concrete forms
the corner strong back is picked up by one waler and the blocking and wedge are picked up by the other set of walers
batter boards
- are placed around excavations so that string lines can be put up on the grid lines
concrete forms
the battered boards should be erected using a 3,4,5 triangle from the bottom of the excavation example 4 feet of depth you would place batter board three feet from edge. -try to keep the horizontals close so the strings touch when they cross
battered walls
have one side sloped the other side vertically plumb often used as retaining walls the sloped sides OFTEN NOT ALWAYS towards the retained ground.. steel is stronger on battered side
beam band slabs -ensure that scaffolding is at right elevation -joists centred at right spacing -ensure beams are built in centre of scaffolding
beam pockets
concrete forms
-bulkhead off beam pockets in top of walls make sure pour heights are at right elevation to ease stripping and eliminate chipping and skirting
beam sides -plumb - brace every three to four feet -top 2x4 on edge
concrete forms
-bottom plate well nailed -ensure packers for slab are not cantilevered
braces -form adjusters(FA)s or turnbuckles -braces must be angled less than 45
°
-ideal brace is 2/3 of the way up wall -ledgers are horizontal braces usually under slab soffits -spreaders brace between sheathing to keep exact separation for wall thickness -adjustable pipe braces for larger pours -ribbon bracing of columns
bucks: windows, doors and other openings
concrete forms
concrete forms
- cut plywood 1 or 2 mm smaller than wall thickness -plywood form chase the ends - frame buck with two by four back cut ends slightly to ease stripping - use nailing blocks on one side of concrete form to hang pre made buck at the proper elevation - cross braces on bucks that are deep in the wall - place a wood keyway nailing strip on outside of bucks when using wooden frames in concrete wall
bulkheads -ends of walls
concrete forms
concrete forms
the dry tie prevents the bulkhead from moving -changes of elevations -cut 2 mm smaller than actual wall size
capitals top of columns used to support flat slabs
chamfer - used to finish corners and for strike off on top of walls
circular -use rebar as walers and 38 by 140 studs
climbing slip climbing
cold joint
concrete forms
-where two pours meet -on walls use a key way and rebar through the bulkhead -below grade use a waterstop
construction joints as above
concrete forms
- bulkheads key-wayed and holed for rebar -footings keywayed or roughened -rustification strips to blend pours
Corbels
- are thickening of walls at top How to build: Shoring method:
concrete forms
concrete forms
concrete forms
-regular forms , -one wall full height, -corbel wall shorter, -then place a back wall behind shorter wall ends at same height - double top plate for a beam on the top of corbel supporting walls - then cross joist between the walls with angle cut for corbel on one end of joist -attach 2x4 plate to angle cut -place studs for back of corbel up from joists, these studs are cut to proper angle for bottom of corbel, then soffit with plywood Bracing method: -expand wall at the corbel by using plywood gussets nailed to bottom stud wall and it’s offset stud wall -cut top of gusset to the proper angle for corbel - the bottom stud should be cut at the correct angle to also support soffit
-cover gussets with the plywood soffit
concrete forms
How to:
-out side corners can be pre built to the thickness of the wall then plywood panels will match up inside wall to outside wall - waling of outside corners
first a corner lock against the wales than nail the walers together then place kickers on the outside tongues -this is called lacing the corner
dams mass concrete lifts
concrete forms
are concrete shelled roofs include: domes, hyperbolic paraboloids, barrel and folded plate roofs -beams around the domes are pre-stressed with post tensioning cables .. .shells can be as thin as 50 mm
door bucks for cast in place metal door frames
-when placing metal frames fur out frame so that it is same as wall thickness -plug any holes with rubber plugs -ensure that metal frame is kicked securely on all sides -place frame tightly against concrete form -kickers on closing panel must fit snug against metal frame
concrete forms
elevator door bucks
- cut plywood for buck 1 or 2 mm smaller than wall thickness.. .then frame with 2x4 - the top plywood of the buck forms a cap the 2x4 frame runs right across the top and is supported by the side frames of the buck - cross braces on bucks width and height
embeds and templates -be very careful precision is needed .. .use string lines , check diagonals and centre to centre distances mistakes here can cause lots of back charges! on templates mark out the centre lines of the template and work from the centre out to the holes embeds are placed in concrete to: -protect edges -weld plates -for brick of facing ledgers - to weld beams or columns -anchor bolt for wall plates 12 bolt every 2400 inserted to a depth of at least 100 - as reglets for waterproofing (do not oil caulking will not adhere) - often the use of a plywood template is needed -smooth dowels are often greased to be used
concrete forms
between slabs that might have lateral movement -dowels can be placed wet, drilled and epoxied or screwed into cast in place inserts
engineer’s schedule -form work construction -placement of concrete -order of stripping -type of shoring -location of shoring -duration of curing -curing conditions -duration of reshoring -reshoring placement
flat plate slabs flat slab with columns
flat slabs flat slabs with columns, dropped plates and capitals
concrete forms
floors
fly tables - aluma stringers, joists, braces, legs,, backing rod, infill panels, rollers and cable jacks -carefully locate pick points for balance
concrete forms
Moving: -screw jack legs down until bottom chord rests on rollers (floor jacks maybe needed) -keep skirting and filler panels attached to table for ease of installation -tie off table before rolling forward to attach slings -move forms outwards with cable jack -remove pickup covers connect to crane run crane out connect power winch to second set of pick up points -guide form out and lift -reshore at engineered points - mark leg points hold table with crane fold down legs and set on marks -adjust legs with jacks -place infills
footings minimums: twice as wide as wall and the same thickness as the wall width -use stepped footings on sloped ground 600 long 600 deep vertical connection at least 150, 400 for very deep slopes - every side can run wild when using chased sides for the footings
-concrete foundations 150 to 300 thick -crushed stone or coarse granular mat is used around perimeter and under basement slab for better drainage
concrete forms
-new polystyrene forms are developed for basement forming and insulation and vapour proofing -wood joists and beams set in concrete walls less than 150above grade must have 12 air space and sit on a moisture barrier or be treated with a decay preservative -after stripping all tie holes must be filled and waterproofed -anchour bolts for sill plates 12.7 spaced at 1853 NBC embedded 100
gangs -braced securely -tapered ties or coil rods example shows double waler wall -giant gang bottoms anchored with bolts drilled into footing
gangs, walls
concrete forms
concrete forms
PLES -place, length, elevation, size PLESS -plumb. level, even, square, straight
concrete forms
-braced special notice to meeting of walls “T” -studs and wales are in place -insert seams are tight -no nails protrude through skin -all ties and wedges secure -corners laced and kicked -bulkhead correctly placed and nailed -embeds are placed accurately and secured -bucks are placed braced and nailed -leveling strip right elevation and secure -stripped with out wastage of material
hoarding are used over streets to protect public -2.5 meters high -roof slopes towards site - must have warning lights if on street
isolation joints give and take materials must be compressionable joints -isolation joints .. give and take -slab use give and take strips or saw cuts -walls use chamfer -rebar usually every second horizontal -control joints grooved and less rebar .. “T” strips forced into a groove top pulled off leaving plastic insert concrete is trowelled finished over top -wall control joints combined thickness of wood inserts should be 1/5 of wall thickness, insert strips should be 20 beveled to 12 .. control joints are necessary in walls greater than 25 m, first at natural weaknesses doors, windows then 3 m from corners and then 6 m apart -cold joints: should be cleaned, roughened, wetted, a layer of bonding material or a layer 12 of grout before new concrete is poured on top -construction joints below grade use water stop, keyways and bulkheads are designed to take rebar
concrete forms
joists for false work 6.5 inch alumas or 4x6 douglas fir, they sit on stringers to support soffits on suspended falsework -deflection of 19 plywood Forms: 24 inch centres support 100 lb. per square foot 20 inch centres support 200 lb. 16 inch centres support 400 lb. 12 inch centres support 800 lb. 8 inch centres support 1600 lb. 4 inch centres support 3200 lb. Pressure of concrete at rate ft/hour vibrated averages from 150 to 220 psf depending on temperature
ties, braces, double wales Pressure of concrete at: 100lbs tie every 6 feet 200lbs tie every 5 feet 400lbs tie every 4 feet 800lbs tie every 3 feet 1200lbs tie every 2 feet 3600lbs tie every 1 foot
keyways made from 2 by material should be beveled and oiled or greased with lithium
kickers -used to lock corners on walls nailed to the outlooks of the walers (on the wall sides of the outlook)
ledgers -ledges to hold joists or soffits
offsets -a narrowing of the wall usually to carry a slab or masonry veneer finish -easiest way is to fur out the form wall
pilaster
concrete forms
a column placed in the wall
How to:
concrete forms
- ply wood sides are cut to fit between the wall and outside of pilaster
concrete forms
- stiffeners for sides run from wall waler to pilaster walers build so they tighten with the pressure of concrete
concrete forms
concrete forms
reglets, reveals - reglets are inserts in concrete to hold flashing -reveals are inserts attached to concrete Forms for decorative edges -rustification strips used at top of walls to blend pours from one floor to next
concrete forms
Round and curved walls use 10 m rebar as walers, cut plates to proper radius out of 3/4" plywood, nail strong backs to plates to give wall desired shape, tight radius use hardboard as forming sheathing nail to stromg backs
RETAINING WALLS
concrete forms
Retaining wall thickness , footing size and reinforcement all increase with height of wall.
concrete forms
sauna tube -round fibre tube for pouring columns -must be kept dry build 38 by 89 crib to hold on floor and use “FA” to brace the top -lower pump hose down tube to pour - sauna rebar reinforcment called a zone, combines verts and ties
scaffold -holds falsework for floor soffits
sheathing -high density plywood for smooth finish has an opaque resin finish -form ply usually three quarter inch and 7 ply (layers) -oiled 200 uses?
slip forming
concrete forms
- inward tilt called battered is about .3% outward from bottom -yokes hold Forms together with walers attached yokes are comparable to outer strong backs -300 mm per hour by jack assemblies embedded in concrete base -finishers scaffold below form attached to yoke walers -lifting load depends on jack and jack rods -jack rods must be sleeved for reuse -slip form wales are 38 lumber slip Forms are usually about 1200 deep
snap ties - flat from sheet metal: strap ties, and strip ease ties -coils used with , coil cones, coil rod, plates and bolts -standard cone ties 6000 lb. come in long end and short end use wedges or brackets are coned to act as spacers
spandrels - outer face of slab is the spandrel beam concrete stairs stairs - under side is soffit
stringers 7.5 inch alumas sit on top of scaffold heads for suspended slabs hold 6.5 joists
studs - 2 by 4 strong backs against plywood -rule of thumb for centers of 2 by 4 studs on 3/4 inch plywood with out deflection -24 inch centres 100 lb. -20 inch centres 200 lb. -16 inch centres 400 lb. -12 inch centre 800 lb. -8 inch centre 1600 lb. -4 inch centres 3200 lb.
concrete forms
1... 4x6 joists are laid on top of packers are not nailed or fastened 2... shown are aluma beam packers they sit on top of plywood beam bottom soffit they are not fastened 3...beam side form plywood note: in structural drawing the depth of beam includes thickness of slab 4...these are the top plate of the beam side they are placed on edge for strength and nailed every 12" through beam side plywood... if your 4x6 are tight to beam side no other bracing is required if not brace back to deck or use ties and walers...Important note when pouring concrete all beams and girders are poured first and then the slab 5... the plywood beam soffit sits on aluma joists and is nailed off with one nail in each corner of plywood sheet 6... 2x4 plate nailed off to plywood soffit and into wood fillers on aluma joists, bottom of beam side is nailed to this .. also note that this joint beam bottom and soffit should have a piece of chamfer if beam is going to be exposed below 7... the aluma joists laid out on top of aluma stringers... the end aluma joists are often bolted to stringers 8... aluma stringers are clipped onto heads of scaffold... when building set aluma stringers in heads and bolt on to end points immediately set elevations of intermediate heads and use 2 clips per head
concrete forms
9...heads must support full stringer ...for example end frame would be moved over so stringer covers complete top of head 10... frames are set and spaced to engineers specification for weight loads 11... feet are adjusted to proper elevations...when setting elevations it is the combined thickness of all parts: 3/4" ply,aluma joists, aluma stringer, heads, frames and feet straighten concrete wall forms
concrete forms
T WALL HAVE IMMENSE PRESSURE SO INCREASE REINFORCEMENTS TO SAVE ON DEFLECTION
concrete forms
tilt ups - wood Forms -steel trowel slab -slab must be beefed up for extra loading re crane -release agents -cure about 1 week before tilt -strong back help to stiffen panel when tilting -lots of rebar is required -embeds or pick up inserts.. wall and knee brace inserts.. strong back inserts.. . - aligned after set up with adjustable braces -inserts must be engineered to distribute load strain -pilaster clamps secure concrete form work between tilt up panels -to tilt up panel cranes are best positioned to either side -tilt panel is lifted as close to vertical as possible to reduce strain on concrete -set in place between steel dowels at bottom -panel must be plumbed with all knee braces installed and bolted to floor before crane release
