Compression Only Spring-STAAD

And regarding the Compression only spring option i have one doubt whether you apply loads combinations as the basic loads or u define basic loads and load combinations i.e whether u apply Dl and LL as two basic loads and define a combination DL+LL or apply the basic load by combining Dl+LL and analyse it because compression compression only spring is a non linear analysis and staad simply adds the responses in combinations you will not get correct results unless each and every combination shall be defined as a primary load cases and no load combination should be applied You You can any use any option from the Staad but i found Plate mat option is the better one what ever the option you choose mae sure tic the option print inf lueance areas of support and mae sure that there is no warning regarding the influence area cross chec the total influence area should be e!ual to the area of the foundation if you use "lastic mat option chances are that your influences for certain elements are very high in irregural meshing #traingular #traingular and even observed in some cases of $ noded elements also% in such cases using Plate mat option has given correct results

1. STAAD. Pr oTi psandTr i cks Car l osAguer a24t hMa May2011 2. 2.Age nd a•Th ef o l l o wi n ga r et h et o pi c st ob ec o v er edi nt h i swor k s ho po fST AAD. Pr oTi p s a ndT r i c k s•1 )Ma c r o san dOp en ST AAD•2 )St a geCo ns t r u c t i o n•3 )Fo un da t i o ns•4 ) Buc kl i ngAnal y s i s•5 )Angl ePr ofi l es| 2 3. 3.1 )Ma c r ous i n gOp en ST AADa ndVBA•Ob j e c t i v e–T oc r e at eama c r ot or e v i e wt h er e s ul t s o famo mo de la nddi s p l a yt hema ma x i mum d i s p l a ce me me ntf r o m aus ers el e ct i o no fn od es .•Cr e at ea VBApr oj ect•Cr eat eanduseanOpenSTAADObj ect•TestSTAAD. Pr oi sopenandamodel l o ade d.•Ge tanal y s i sr e sul t sf r om ST AAD. Pr o•Di s pl a yadi al ogwi t hr es ul t si nST AAD. Pr o| 4 4. 4.Op e nST AAD•Wh a ti sOp en ST AAD?•ASCI I–I n p utd at a( * . STD)–Ou t p u td a t a( * . ANL ) • Bi n ar y–Re s ul t s( * . BMD,REA,DSP…. . )•I n s i d eST AAD. Pr oi nama c r o•Ex t e r n al u s i n g ANYs u i t a bl een v i r o nmen t( b utST AAD. Pr omu s tb er u nn i n gl o ca l l yi nt h eb ac k g r o un d)| 5 5. 5.STAAD. Pr oMa Macr oGUI•ToCr eat e: -–Me Menu,Edi t >Cr eat eNewVBMacr o–Me Menu, Ed i t >Ed i tEx i s t i n gVBMa cr o•T oUs e : -–Me Me nu ,T ool s >Co nfi gu r eUs erT ool s–T oo l ba r| 6 6. 6.St ar tanew Pr oj ect •Opent heSTAADexamp mpl efil e,EXAMP08. STD•St ar tanew VB Ma c r opr o j e c tf r o mt h eme nuEd i t > Cr e at eNe wVBMa c r o …•Na …• v i g a t et o‘ MyDo c u me me n t s ’ , en t ert hefi l ename: -‘ BET oge t her20 11. VBS’ a ndc l i c k‘ Ne w’ | 7 7. 7.Cr e at et h ema c r o •Cr e at eani n s t a nc eofOp e nST AADOb j e c t .–Su bMa i n( )–Di mo St d AsOb j e c t–Se to St d=Ge t Ob j e c t ( , " St a ad Pr o . Op en ST AAD" )–…. …. .–Se to St d=No t h i n g– Ex i tSub| 8 8. 8.Chec ky ourwor k ,T es t1•Ad dab r e akpo i ntb yc l i c k i n goni nt hegr e yc ol umnt ot h er i g hto f t hel i ne: -Se toSt d=No t hi n g•Runt hemac r ob yc l i c k i ngo nt hegr e enar r o w| 9 9. 9.Chec kt hatafi l ei sl oa ded •Ad dt hef ol l o wi ngaf t ert hel i net ha tc r eat est heOpen ST AAD obj ec t : -–Di ms t dFi l eAsSt r i ng–oSt d. Get ST AADFi l e( s t dFi l e, " TRUE" )–I fs t dFi l e=" "Then–

Ms g Bo x" Th i sma ma c r oc anon l yb er u nwi t hav a l i dST AADfi l el o ad ed . " ,v b Ok Ok On l y–Se to St d =No t hi ng–Ex i tSub–EndI f •o St d. Ge t ST AADFi l e( s t dFi l e , " TRUE" )i st hefi r s tus eo ft h e Op en ST AADo bj e ctc r e at edi nt h ep r e v i o uss t e p.|1 0 10.10.Che cky ourwor k ,T es t2•Addabr ea kp oi ntb yc l i c k i ngoni nt hegr e yc ol umnt ot her i ght oft h el i ne: -oSt d. Ge t ST AADFi l e( s t dFi l e," TRUE" ) •Runt hemac r ob yc l i c k i ngont hegr e en ar r ow•Cl i c kont he‘ St epOv er ’ i c onont het ool barandho vero vert het e xts t dFi l e.Thi s s ho ul dd i s pl a yt h efi l ena mean me dp at ho ft h ec ur r e nt l yop enST AADfi l e .|11 11.11.Get t i ngLoadCas edat a•Addt hef ol l owi ngaf t ert he‘ EndI f ’ t es tt os eei fafi l ei sl oaded: –Di mi a sI n t e ge r–Di mL Ca s esAsI n t e ge r–Di ml s t L oa dNu ms ms ( )AsL on g–Di ml s t L oa ds ( ) AsSt r i n g–L Ca s e s=o St d . L oa d. Ge t Pr i ma r y L oa d Ca s e Co un t ( )–Re Di m l s t L oa dNu ms ms ( L Ca s e s )–Re Di ml s t L o ad s ( L Ca s e s )– oSt d. Load. Get Pr i mar yLoadCaseNumb mber sl st LoadNums ms–Fori =0ToLCases1– l s t Loads ( i ) =CSt r ( l s t LoadNums ( i ) )&":"&oSt d. Load. Get LoadCas eTi t l e( l s t LoadNums ( i ) )– Nex ti |12 12.12.Cr eat eadi al ogt os el ec tal oadc as e•Addt hef ol l o wi ngaf t ert heuni t s : -–Di m nRes ul t AsI n t e ge r–Di mL CNa meAsSt me r i n g–Di mL o ad Ca s eAsL o ng•Th enwi t ht h ec u r s o rl o c a t e d af t ert hes ec l i c kont he‘ Edi tUs erDi al og’ i c onont het ool bart oaddadi al og|13 13.13.Addi ngc ont r ol s•Add‘ OK’ and‘ Canc el ’ but t ons•Addat e xts t r i ng,Doubl ec l i c koni tand c hanget h ec ap t i ont o‘ L oadCa se ’•Cl i c kont he‘ >>’ bu t t onandc ha ng et hec apt i onoft he di al ogbo xt o‘ Sel ec tLoadCas e’ •Cl i c kont heLi s tbo xi c onandaddi tont ot hedi al ogbo x, r es i z ei ts ot hati tbet t erfi t st hes pac e.•Cl i c kont he‘ Sav eandEx i t ’ I c on.|14 14.14.Di spl ayt hel oadcasename mes•Not ehow t henewcomm mmandshavebeenadded•To di s pl ayt hel oadc hange: -–Li s t Bo x40, 49, 320, 70, Li s t Ar r ay ( ) , . Li s t Bo x1•T o–Li s t Bo x 40 , 49, 320, 70 , l s t Loads ( ) , . L i s t Bo x1•Sa v eandRunt hemac r o: -|15 15.15.Ha nd l eaCa nc e lr e qu es t•T ofi ndo uti fab ut t o nwa sp r e ss edc h an get h el i n e: -–Di a l og dl g•T o–nRes ul t=Di al og( dl g)•Addt hef ol l owi ngi mmedi at el yaf t er : -–I fnRes ul t<>1 Th en–Se to St d=No t h i n g–Ex i tSu b–En dI f|1 6 16.16.Ge tt her eques t edl o adc as e•I ft hec anc el wa sn otp r es s ed,t hent hes el ec t e di t e mi nt he l i s ts houl dbec on v er t e dt ot hel oadc as eus i ngt h ef ol l o wi ng: -–Lo adCa se= l s t LoadNums ( dl g. L i s t Bo x1 )–L CName=l s t Lo ad s( dl g . L i s t Bo x1 )|17 17.17.GetSel ect edNodes–Di m NumS mSel ect edNodesAsLong–Di m Sel NodeAr r ay( )AsLong –NumS mSel ect edNodes=oSt d. Geome met r y . Get NoOf Sel ect edNodes()–I fNumS mSel ect edNodes >0Then–ReDi m Sel NodeAr r ay( NumS mSel ect edNodes)–oSt d. Geome met r y . Get Sel ect edNodes( Se l No de Ar r a y , 1 )–El s e–Ms g Bo x“ Pl e as eSe l e c tNo de s ” ,v b Ok Ok On l y–En di f|1 8 18.18.Ge tt her es ul t s•Defi net hef ol l owi ngv ar i abl esaf t ert hec hec kt omak es ur et hatt her ear e i ndeedsome menodessel ect ed: -–Di mj asI nt eger–Di m NodeNoAsLong–Di m Di s p l Ar r a y ( 6 )AsDo ub l e–Di m Ma x Di s p l Ar r a y ( 6 )AsDo ub l e–Di m No de Ar r a y ( 6 )AsSt r i n g• Then…. ….|19 19.19.Ge tt her es ul t s•Addt hef ol l owi ngt ogett hedi s pl ac ementdat a: -–Fori =0T o Nu mSe mS l e c t e dNo de s 1–No d eNo=Se l No de Ar r a y ( i )–o St d . Ou t p ut . Ge t No de Di s p l a c e me me nt s ( NodeNo ,L oad Cas e,Di s pl Ar r a y ( ) )–Forj =0T o5–I fAb s( Di s pl Ar r a y ( j ) )> Abs ( Max Di s pl Ar r a y( j ) )Then–Ma Max Di s pl Ar r a y( j ) =Di s pl Ar r a y( j )–NodeAr r a y( j ) =" N"& CSt r ( No de No )–En dI f–Ne x tj –Ne x ti |2 0

20.20.Deal i ngwi t huni t s •Addt hef ol l o wi ngaf t ert hel oopt obui l dt henamear r a y–Di m uni tAs I nt e ge r–Di m Di s pLa be lAsSt r i n g–un i t =o St d . Ge t Ba se Un i t–Se l e ctCa seun i t–Ca se1– Di s p La be l =" i n "–Ca s e2–Di s p La be l =" me t "–Ca s eEl s e–Di s p La be l =" ? ?? "–En dSe l e c t| 21 21.21.Di s pl a yt h er e su l t•Cr e at eane wd i a l o gbo x ,d l g 2,c al l e dMa xDe fle ct i o n•Ad danOK but t onand14t ex ts t r i ngs : -–T ex t ," Loadc as e: "–T ex t ,L CName–T ex t , " X: “ ,Te xt , " Y: “ , Te xt , " Z: "–T ex t ,CSt r ( Max Di s pl Ar r ay ( 0) ) ,Te xt ,CSt r ( Max Di s pl Ar r ay ( 1) ) ,T ex t , CSt r ( Max Di s pl Ar r a y( 2) )–Te xt ,XDi s pLabel ,T ex t ,YDi s pLabel ,T ex t ,ZDi s pLabel –Te xt , NodeAr r a y( 0) ,T ex t ,NodeAr r a y( 1) ,T ex t ,NodeAr r a y( 2)|22 22.22.Di s pl a yt h er es ul t•Th edi al ogs houl dbea r r an ge dt hus : -•Sa v eandt es tt hema cr o|23 23.23.Ad di n gaMa Ma cr ot oy ou rt o ol ba r•Cl i c ko nt h eme nui t e mT oo l s >Co nfi gur eUs e rT oo l s .– Cl i c kont hei c on‘ Ne w’ ,an daddt h et e x t‘ Ma xDe flec t i ont ot hena me.–Cl me i c kont he‘ …’ bu t t ont ot h er i g hto ft heComman ds t r i ngan dna vi ga t et ot h e‘ MyDo cument s ’ f ol derand s el e ctt he‘ BET oge t her ’ mac r o|24 24.24.Samp mpl e|25 25.25.2)St ageCo ns t r uc t i on•Ob j ec t i v e–T oc r eat eamodel wh er et her es ul t sofl oadi ngi n2 c on s t r u c t i o ns t a ge sar ec ombi n ed•Co ns i d ert h emo de lEXAMP08c on s t r u ct e di n2s t a ge s: -| 27 26.26.St agesSt age1-I ni t i al St age2-Fi nal |28 27.27.Phi l os oph y•Whencons i der i ngst agecons t r uc t i on,i ti sv er yi mpor t antt hatt hemat r i xf or t hei ni t i al model i nc l udesev er yDOFt hatwi l l beac t i v eats omepoi nt .•Eac h mo de l / c o n s t r u c t i o ns t a ges h o ul db ec o mp mp l e t e dwi t hanan al y s i sa ndCHANGEc o mma mm nd .• I na ct i v eme me mb mb er sd on otr e du cet hema ma t r i xs i z e ,b utma yl ea v en od esd i s c on ne ct e da nd wa r n i n gsr e po r t e d.•Su pp or t san dr e l e as esc anb ec ha ng edf ore ac hs t a ge•Wi t hmu l t i p l e model sSETNLneedst obedefined.|29 28.28.Ex a mp mp l e•Ob j e ct i v e–T oan al y s eamo de lb ui l ti n2s t ag esandc o mb mb i n i ngt h ef o r c es f r o mb ot hs t a ge s .•Op enfi l e‘ Ex a mp mp 08 mo mo d. STD’ •Op ent h emo de li nt h eEd i t o r•Ru nt h e an al y s i s•Re v i e w Ou t p utfi l e–No t ewa r n i n gme ss a ge s•Vi e wr e sul t si nt h ePo s t Pr o c es s i ng Mode|30 29.29.No t e s•Loadc as esar eun i quei nal l mo de l s / s t ag es ,e. g .i fl oadc as e1f ors aydeadl oad s ex i s t si nt hei ni t i al model ,t heni ts houl dnotappearagai ni noneoft heot hers t ages .An al t e r n at i v el o adc a sen umb ers ho ul db es el e c t e d•Th eGUIwi l l d i s pl a yme me mb mb er swh i c ha r e I NACTI VEa st h eyma ma ybeac t i v ei ns omel o adca s es ,bu tn oto t h er s .|31 30.30.No t e s•I fas el fwei ghtc ommandi sus edi nt hed i ff er ents t age sandt her es ul t s c omb i ne d,t he nt hi swi l l i nc l u des el fwei g htonme mber mb si neac hoft hes t ages .Con si de rt h e u s eo fa s s i g ni n gs e l fwe i g htt oo nl yme me mb mb er sad de dd ur i n gt h ats t a ge .•Th eMe mb mb erQu er y di a l o gd oe sno td i s pl a ybe ndi n gmo me me nt so nme mb mb er st ha ta r ei n ac t i v ei non eo rmo r el o ad c as es !|32 31.31.3)Foundat i on•Obj ec t i v e–T ounder s t andt heme me t ho dsav ai l abl eofa cc oun t i ngf orapad f o undat i o nass uppor t sf oraST AAD. Pr omo de l•Su ppor t s–Poi nt•T r adi t i onal •Spr i ng• Mul t i l i nears pr i ng•Foundat i on–Sur f ac e•El as t i cMa Mat•Pl at eMat•ST AAD. Foundat i on|34

32.32.Anal y t i c al Suppor t s•Bas i c–Fi x ed,Pi nned•Spr i ng–Fi x edBut–Mul t i l i nears pr i ng• Su bg r a demo mo du l u s–Fo un da t i o nSu pp or t•L i f tOffSu pp or t s–Co mp mp r e s s i o nOn l ySp r i n gs| 35 33.33.Ex a mp mp l e1–Su pp or tonco mpr mp e ss i b l es o i l •Ob j e ct i v e : -–Mo Mo de laPi nsu pp or to n c omp r e ss i b l es oi l •Op enfi l e‘ Fo un da t i o n1 . STD’ g ot op ag eGe ne r al >Sup po r t •Cl i c kon Cr eat eandont he‘ Fi x edBut ’ s hee tan dent er : -–KFY10 0k i p/ i n–Rel eas edi r ec t i onsMX MX, MY,MZ•As s i g nt ot hebas eofal l t hecol umns•Runt heanal y s i s•Ve r t i c al di s pl ac eme ntN2, 18. 875i nc h|36 34.34.Ex ampl e2–Pi ns uppor tonbandeds oi l •Obj e ct i v e: -–3bandsofs oi l b el o wf o undat i o n, •10i nc hesof100k i ps / i n•10i nc hesof200k i ps / i n•10i nc hesof500k i ps / i n•Openfi l e ‘ Foundat i on2. STD’ andgot opag e‘ Gener al >Sup po r t •Cr eat ean das s i gnt hi smu mul t i l i near defi ni t i ont oal l s uppor t s•Runt heanal y s i s•Ver t i c al di s pl ac ementN2,14. 675i nc h|37 35.35.Ex a mp mp l e3–Su bGr ad es up po r t •Ob j e ct i v e–2f tx3f tp ad su nd erc o l umn swi t hso i l s ub gr a deof100k i p / f t 2 / f t•Op enfi l e‘ Fou nda t i on3 . STD’ got opageGe Gene r al >Suppo r t •Cr eat e an da s si g nt h eFo un da t i o ns up po r t d efi n eda sa bo v e•Ru nt h ean al y s i s•Ve r t i c al Di s pl a ce me me ntN2 ,7 . 4 93i n ch|3 8 36.36.En f o r c edSu pp or t s•Pr e sc r i be dDi s pl a ce me me nt s–Us edasai nl o adc as eswh er et h er ei s agi v e nd i s pl a c eme nt•Ma ssMo Mo de l l i n g,–Mi Mi s s i n gMa s s|3 9 37.37.Ex a mp mp l e4–Enf o r c edDi s p l a ce men me t•Ob j e c t i v e–Pr e sc r i bea0 . 5i n chZd i s pl a ce me me nti n l oadcase#2atNode13•Openfil e‘ Foundat i on4. STD’ •DefineanENFOR ORCEDBUTFXFY –As s i g nt ono de13•De fi nea0 . 5i n c hSu pp or tDi s p l a c eme ntL oa di nl o adc as e#2an d a ss i g nt on ode1 3•Ru nt h ea na l y s i s|40 38.38.Sur f ac eSuppor t s•El as t i cMa Mat–As si gnt oas el ec t i onofnodes–I s sueswi t h‘ i nc l us i v e’ angl es•Pl at eMat–As si gnt oas el ec t i onofpl at es|41 39.39.Ex a mp mp l e5–Sl a bo nGr a de•Ob j e c t i v e•Op enfi l e‘ Fo un da t i o n5 . STD’ •Cr e at ea nd as si gnaPLATEMATi nYwi t has ubgr adeof100k i p/ f t 2/ f t( i ni t i al l ynondi r ec t i onal )–As si gn t oal l pl at es•Vi ewt hel oadi ngt henr unt heanal y si s|42 40.40.Ex a mp mp l e5–Sl a bo nGr a de( c o nt i n ue d)•Ch an ges up po r tt o‘ Co mp mp r e s s i o nOn l y ’ •Re r unt heanal y s i s–No t ei t er at i v es ol ut i on•Upwar ddi s pl ac ement|43 41.41.Fo un da t i o nDe s i g n•ST AAD. Fo un da t i o n–St a nd al o neo rI n t e gr a t e d•Pl a ntMo de–2 s pec i al i s tt ool s•T ool k i tMode–6s pec i al i s tt ool s : -|44 42.42.Ex a mp mp l e6–Fo un da t i o nDe s i g n•Op en‘ Fo un da t i o n6 . STD’ •Ru nt h ea na l y s i sa ndgot o t h eFo un dat i o nDe si g nMo de•Se t–Al l Su ppo r t s–I n cl u deal l l o adca se s•L au nc h ST AAD. F ou nd at i o n|4 5 43.43.Ex a mp mp l e6–Fo un da t i o nDe s i g n( c o nt i n ue d)•Ge ne r a lI n f o•Ma i n >Cr e at eaNe wJ o b– Al l –I s ol at e d–US–En gl i s h•De si g n–Vi e wt h ec al c ul a t i o ns he et s–Vi e wt h eGADr a wi n g| 46 44.44.4)Buc k l i ngAnal y s i s•Ob j ec t i v e–T ounder s t a ndt heme t hodsandp r i n ci pa l soft he b uc k l i n ga na l y s i si nST AAD. Pr o•St a nd ar dEn gi n e–L oa dFa c t o r•Ad v an c edEn gi n e– Bu ck l i ngMo Mode s•Ge ome t r i cNon Li nea rAn al y s i s–Ca ni dent i f yb uc k l i ngbymo moni t or i ng def or mat i onsduet oi nc r ement al addi t i onofl oadi ng|48 45.45.St andar dSol v er•I t er at i v eel as t i c•I ni t i al anal y si ses t abl i s hesbas i cs t i ffnes smat r i x , f or c es / defl ec t i ons•Bot ht hel ar gedel t aeffec t sandt hes mal ma l del t aeff ec t sar ec al c ul at ed.

The set er msar et het er msoft heKgma ma t r i xwh i c har emu mul t i pl i edbyt hees t i mat edBF ( buc kl i ngf ac t or )andt henaddedt ot hegl obal s t i ffnes smat r i xK.|49 46.46.Adv anc edSol v er•Fi r s t ,t hepr i mar ydefl ec t i onsar ec al c ul at edbyl i nears t at i canal y si s ba sedont hepr o vi dedex t er nal l oadi ng.•Pr i ma r yd efl ec t i on sa r eus edt ocal c ul at eme memb er ax i al f or c es .Thes ef or c esar eus edt oc al c ul at egeomet r i cst i ff nes st er ms .Bo t ht hel ar ge de l t aeff ec t sandt hesmal l del t aeff ec t sf ormemb er sar ecal c ul at ed.Th es et e r msar et he t er msoft heKgmat r i x .•Anei gen val uepr obl em i sf or med.|[K]-BFi * [Kg]|=0• ST AAD. Pr or e po r t supt o4b uc k l i n gf a ct or s( BF)a ndas s oc i a t e db uc k l i n gmo desh ap es c al c ul at ed.|50 47.47.Geome t r i cNo nLi ne arAnal y s i s•Thegeome t r i cnonl i ne ar i t yc anbeac c ou nt edf ori nt he anal y s i sbyupdat i ngt hegl obal s t i ff nes smat r i xandt hegl obal geomet r i cst i ffnes smat r i x [ K+Kg]one v er ys t epbas edont hed ef or me dpo si t i on.•Thedef or mat i on ss i gni fi c an t l yal t er t hel oc at i onordi s t r i but i onofl oads ,s uc ht hatequi l i br i um equat i onsmus tbewr i t t enwi t h r e sp ec tt ot h ed ef or me dg eo me me t r y , wh i c hi sno tk no wni nad v an ce .|5 1 48.48.2L•B=D =1m,L=10m •E=2. 17* 10^7kN/ m^3•I=( B* D^3) / 12=0. 083m^4•Thus Pcr=177780kN|52=IPc r×E×2πBuc kl i ngAnal y si s•Fora ni deal c ol umn,t hec r i t i c al ax i al l o adi sdefi neda s: 49.49.Ex a mp mp l e1–St a nda r dSo l v e r•Ob j e c t i v e–Co nfi r mat i onofEu l e rBu c kl i n gl o adona s i mp l ec ol u mn mn .•Ch ec kt ha t‘ Ad v an ce dAn al y s i sEn gi n ei sNOTs e t .•Op enfi l e ‘ Col umn. STD’ •Runt heanal y s i sandv i e wt heout pu tfi l e: -|53 50.50.Ex a mp mp l e2–Ad v an c edSo l v e r•Cl o s et h emo de la nda c t i v a t et h e‘ Ad v an c edAn al y s i s Engi ne ’l i c ens e•Reopent hefi l eandr unt heanal y s i s•Vi ewt heout putfi l e: -|54 51.51.Ex a mp mp l e3–Bu ck l i n gAr c h•Ob j e ct i v e–T ov i e wb uc k l i n gs ha pe so fap i n ne da r c h• Si mpl ear c h•Pi nneds uppor t•Lat er al r es t r ai ntatc r o wn•Poi ntl oadappl i edatc r o wn|55 52.52.Ex a mp mp l e3–Bu c k l i n gAr c h( c o nt i n ue d)•Cl o s ea nyo pe nmo de la ndc he c kt h att h e Adv anc edAnal y s i sEngi neLi c ens ei ss et .•Openfil e‘ Ar c hBu ck l i ng . STD’ •Runt heanal y s i s •Got ot h ePo s t Pr o c es s i n gMo de >Bu c k l i n gPa ge .–Ma Ma yb en ec e s s ar yt or e s ett h eMo de Sh ap es c al eus i n gSt r u ct u r eDi ag r a ms ms >Sc a l e s|56 53.53.Ex a mp mp l e3-Bu ck l i n gAna l y s i s-Mod es•Bu c kl i n gFa ct o r s–7 . 0 02–16 . 3 02–2 4. 9 25( * ) –4 0. 0 18|5 7 54.54.Ex a mp mp l e3-Bu ck l i n gAna l y s i s-Mod es•Bu c kl i n gFa ct o r s–7 . 0 02–16 . 3 02–2 4. 9 25( * ) –4 0. 0 18|5 8 55.55.Ex a mp mp l e3-Bu ck l i n gAna l y s i s-Mod es•Bu c kl i n gFa ct o r s–7 . 0 02–16 . 3 02–2 4. 9 25( * ) –40 . 018( * )I npl anemo mode|59 56.56.Ex a mp mp l e3-Bu ck l i n gAna l y s i s-Mod es•Bu c kl i n gFa ct o r s–7 . 0 02–16 . 3 02–2 4. 9 25( * ) –40 . 0 18Bu c k l i n gL oa d=24 . 9 25*0 . 1 k N =2 . 4 9k N|6 0 57.57.Al t e r n at i v eSo l u t i o ns•De fi nemo de la sPL ANE–Ar c hBu c k l i n gp l a ne f r a me me . STD• Res t r ai nnodesi nZdi r ec t i on–Ar c hBuc kl i ngr es t r ai ned. STD|61 58.58.5)Angl es•Obj ec t i v e–T ou nder s t andt h ec or r ec tus eofan al y s i sandd es i gno fa ngl e p r o fi l e si nST AAD. Pr ot oAI SC3 60 0 5•Ge ome t r i ca ndPr i n c i p al An gl e s•St a nd ar dan dUs e r Pr ofi l es•De si gni s s ues|63 59.59.Me mb mb erL oc al Co o r d i n at eSy s t e ms•T ms e c hn i c al Re f e r en c e‘ 1 . 5 . 2-L oc al c oo r di n at e s y s t e m’ m’ –Al oc al c oor di nat es y s t em i sas s oc i at edwi t heac hmember .Eac ha xi soft hel o cal

or t ho go nal c oor d i na t esy s t e mi sal s obas edont her i ghthandr ul e .Fi g.1. 5sho wsabeam memberwi t hs t ar tj oi nti andendj oi ntj .Thepos i t i v edi r ec t i onoft hel oc al x a x i si s det er mi nedbyj oi ni ngi t oj andpr oj ec t i ngi ti nt hes amedi r ec t i on.Ther i ghthandr ul emaybe appl i edt oobt ai nt hepos i t i v edi r ec t i onsoft hel oc al yandzax es .Thel oc al yandz ax es c oi nc i dewi t ht heax esoft het wopr i nc i pal moment sofi ner t i a.Not et hatt hel oc al c oor di nat e s y st em i sal wa ysr ec t angul ar .|64 60.60.Ax es•Pr i nc i pal -•Geomet r i c-•MemberL oadsandFor c es|65 61.61.STa ndRASp ec i fi c at i o ns•STs p ec i fi c at i o n,ZZa xi si swe aka x i sb en di n g•RA s pec i fi cat i on,ZZax i si ss t r ongax i sbendi ng|66 62.62.Ro t a t i o na ndAl i g nme nt•BET Ac o mma mm nd–5. 2 6 . 2Sp ec i f y i n gCo n s t a n t sf o rMe mb mb er s andEl eme ment s•Al pha•ANGLE•RANGLE|67 63.63.Us e rp r o fi l e s•Me nu : -–T oo l s >Cr e at eUs e rT a bl e–T y p e: -An gl e•De fi nek e ydi me ns i o ns –R,mi norax i sr adi usofgy r at i on|68 64.64.Ex ampl e•Obj ec t i v e–T os eeeff ec tofpoi ntl oadonendofc ant i l e v er sf o r medf r o m ang l e s ec t i ons•Openfi l e‘ Angl e. STD’ •As si gna1k i ppoi ntl oadt ot hef r eeendsofal l t he c ant i l ev er s•Ru nt hean al y s i sandv i e wt heen ddi s pl ac ement s|69 65.65.Ex a mp mp l e( c on t i n ue d)•Me mb mb er1 ,b en di n ga bou twea kp r i n ci p al a xi s( ST)–L ar gev e r t i c al en ddi s pl ac ementonl y•Member2,ben di n gabouts t r ongp r i n ci pal ax i s( RA)–Smal l v er t i c al en dd i s p l a ce me me nto nl y•Me mb mb er3 ,b en di n ga bo utg eo me me t r i cax i s–Re sol v ei n t op r i n ci p al ax e s|7 0 66.66.De si g nI s s ue s•T y pi c al l yan gl e sa r eu s eda sa x i al on l yme me mb mb er s ,i . e .TRUSS•AI SC 3 60 0 5–Se c t i o nE–De s i g no fMe mb mb er sf o rCo mp mp r e s s i o n,•E5Si n gl ean gl ec omp r e s s i o n me mb mb er s( p 35 )–Se c t i o nF-De s i g no fMe mb mb er sf o rFl e x ur e ,•F1 0Si n gl eAn gl e s( p 58 )– Se c t i o nG –De s i g no fMe mb mb er sf o rSh ea r ,•G4Si n gl eAn gl e s( p 68 )|7 1 67.67.De s i g no fMe mb mb er sf o rCo mp mp r e s s i o n•Co mp mp r e s s i v es t r e ng t hde fi ne db yeq ua t i o nsi n c l au seE3( E7i fs l ender ) .•Choi c eo fequat i onE32o rE3 3de finedb ys l e nde r nes s ,KL / r• Fo rAngl es ,eff ec t i v es l e nd er n es sr at i osdependentuponL/ r xwh er e–r x=r ad i usofg yr at i on ab ou tg eome t r i ca x i sp ar a l l e lt oc onn ec t e dl e g–Un eq ua la ng l e sST AAD. Pr oas s ume s l ongerl eg( i nf ut ur ewi l l addLEG par ame t er )–Equal angl esr xi st hes amef orbot hl egs• Repor t edi nout putas‘ CL. E’ |72 68.68.De si g no fMe mb mb er sorFl e x ur e•Us ers pe c i fi edAXI S–1–Pr i n ci p al ( d ef a ul t )–2– Geomet r i c( onl yper mi t t edi fwi t hc ont i nuousl at er al t or s i onal r es t r ai nt )•Lat er al T or s i onal Buc kl i ngF10,par t2–Cal c ul at edus i ngMe Me,t heel as t i c t or s i onal buc kl i ngmo moment–Effec t i v e l e ngt h•L egLoc al Buc k l i ngF10,pa r t 3–I sc ons i d er edandr e po r t edi fg ov er n i ng•Repo r t ed i nout pu tas : -–CL. FMaj o rand–CL. FMi no r|73 69.69.De s i g no fMe mb mb er sf o rSh ea r•Cl a us eG4–Th en omi n al s h ea rs t r e ng t h ,Vn ,o fas i n gl e an gl el e gs h al l b ed et e r mi ne du si n gEq ua t i o nG2 1•AXI S1–Pr i n c i p al –L on ge rl e gi sus e d i nc al c ul at i onofMaj orShear ,–Shor t erl egi sus edi nc al c ul at i onofMi nors hear–For c esar e a sr e po r t e db yt h ea na l y s i sen gi n e•AXI S2–Ge ome t r i c–Fo r c esa r er e s ol v e da ndus e di n l e gsasde fi ne da bo v e•Re po r t e di no ut p uta s : -–CL . GMa j o ra nd–CL . GMi n or|7 4 70.70.Ex a mp mp l e2–An gl eDe s i g n•Ob j e c t i v e–Tos eeeff ec t so fAXI So na na ng l ede s i g n• Openfi l e‘ Angl e2 . STD’ •Runt heana l y s i sandv i e wt her es ul t s•Edi tt hei nputfi l ea nd

r e mo mo v ec o mme mm nt sf r o mt h es t a r to ft h e2TRACKc o mma mm nd s .•Re r u nt h ea na l y s i sa n dv i e w t her es ul t s|75 71.71.Summ mmar y•1)Macr osandOpenSTAAD–Cr eat i ngama macr ousi ngVBA•2)St age Co ns t r u c t i o n–Us i n gt h eI NACTI VEc o mma mm nd•3 )Fo un da t i o ns–An al y s i sa ndDe s i g n•4 ) Bu c kl i n gAn al y s i s–St an da r dan dAd v an ce ds ol v e rme t h od sa ndr e su l t s•5 )An gl ePr o fil e s– Anal y s i sanddes i gn|76 72.72.ST AAD. Pr oTi p sa ndT r i c k s Ca r l o sAg ue r a 24 t hMa Ma y2 01 1

"Direct Y" is what I use, use, which tells it that the spring support is in the Y direction. direction. This then pins the footing in the X and Z directions. directions. "Y "Yonly" only" literally only means Y direction only. only. So if you have any shear dened, the mat will !y o to innite, so to spea#. I use the command "Spring  Tension"  T ension" to tell it that the t he springs are tension only. only. This way the soils wont $e modeled as capa$le of holding down the mat. %ith the tension only command, command, it will iterate until it converges. &owever, it might not ever converge, converge, which will tell you your mat is not large enough. '. I use (late )at. )at. *ne of the tutorials I $elieve it is, descri$es the use of plate mat vs elastic mat. +. %hether you include the walls for the stiness is is up to you. you. I would say it depends on the geometry.. I have done $oth, though not on the same mat, so I cant compare the eect. geometry -. You can change the input units for that you enter your value value of / pci, rather than converting to 0S12ft. This is what I do, as I have a feel for pci, and none for the other units. /. Yes, I have modeled plates this thic#. thic#. I thin# I have have gone as high as - ft. ft. 3i#e I said, we were spectical at rst, $ut after running some some verications, we felt satised with the results. results. I strongly strongly encourage you to do the same. 4t the very least, it can give give you an indication that you have modeled the mat and springs correctly. correctly. I ususally try to #eep my elements a$out the same width as the depth. T&ough I do add more in tric#y areas. areas. I have used $oth + and - noded, again to get a feel for it. I usually use + noded, as that is what the autop mesher creates $y $y default using the new parametric plate modeling function in '55-. This function is great as you dene the corners of the mat, and any internal nodes you need for loads, loads, walls etc. Then it auto meshes for you, including all the internal points you dened. &ope this helps clarify a $it