Color Image Scale - Kobayashi, Shigenobu, 1925

By the author

of

A Book of Colors

Shigenobu Kobayashi

•Applications of 130 basic colors fully explained

•Over 1,000 express any

color combinations to

mood,

•Two easy-to-use

taste,

or

indexes

lifestyle

$12.91

Color Image Scale Shipcnobu Kobayashi and combining colors

L'sing

is

now

easy with the

revolutionary new (x)lor Image Scale developed by Japan's leading color psychologist, Shigenobu Kobayashi, the author of the bestselling A Book of Colors.

After three years of intensive research, Kobayashi

and

his

team

at the

Nippon Color

&

Design

Research Institute have matched 130 basic colors and over 1,000 color combinations to 180 key image words, allowing you the expression of any

mood,

lifestyle,

or taste through the creative use

of color combinations. If

you want

to

make an

interior or an outtlt

"elegant," "romantic," or even "provocative," just

look up the word in the key image word index, and choose any one of the dozens of color combinations listed under the entry. (Conversely, if you would like to know what mood certain colors or color combinations suggest, refer to the color index.

Used by thousands of major designers and manufacturers in japan, the Cx)lor Image Scale is a unique color resource for both professionals and iniateurs alike.

Jacket design by Takehiko Akiyama

COLOR IMAGE SCALE

Digitized by the Internet Archive in

2009

http://www.archive.org/details/colorimagescaleOOkoba

COLOR IMAGE SCALE by Shigenobu Kobayashi Translated by Louella Matsunaga

KODANSHA INTERNATIONAL Tokyo New York London •

•

Originally published in 1990 in Japanese as Color Image Scale

by

Kodansha, Ltd.

Kodansha America, Inc., 1, and in the United Kingdom and continental Europe by Kodansha Europe, Ltd., Gillingham House, 38-44 Gillingham Street, London, SWIV IHU. Published by Kodansha International, Ltd., 17-14 Otowa 1-chome, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112, and Kodansha America, Inc. Distributed in the United States by 1

14 Fifth Avenue,

Copyright

New York,

NA' 1001

© 1990 Nippon Color & Design Research Institute, Inc.

All rights reserved

Printed in Japan First edition

91 92

1991

939495 1098

765432

1

ISBN: 4-7700-01564-X Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Kobayashi, Shigenobu. 1925-

Color Image Scale

/ by Shigenobu Kobayashi by Louella Matsunaga. 1st ed. cm.

translated p.

—

Originally published in 1990 in Japanese.

Includes indexes

L Color

— Psychological

aspects.

I.

Title.

BF789.CK579 1991 701'.85—dc20 91-32102

CIP

1

Contents

2

Introduction

How this book works How to look at tlie data

3

4-5

Explanatory Notes

The colors used in this book (Hue and Tone System) Single Color Image Scale Color Combination Image Scale

6-7 8-9 10-1

Key Word Image Scale 180 Image Word Data Base

12-13

Taste and Lifestyle

17-20

14-17

Color Image Scale 22-33

Red

R

Yellow Red

YR

34-45

Yellow

Y

46-57

Green Yellow

GY G BG

58-69

Blue

B

94-105

Purple Blue

PB

106-117

Purple

P

118-129

Red Purple

RP

130-141

Neutral

N

142-151

Green Blue Green

Index

I

Index

II

70-81

82-93

•-

152-156 156-160

Introduction

Ours is an age of increasing sensitivto color. But what meanings are

it\'

conveyed by the colors that surround

we could grasp their real meanings, perhaps we would be able to use them more effectively. The first step toward a more effective us in ever)day

use of color sify colors

life? If

and

to systematize

is

clas-

through key words that ex-

and through im-

press their meanings

links (e.g.,

between the worlds of objects fashion, interior design) and

lifest\des. I

believe that this classification of

colors based

sensitivity to color will

to grow.

book

appeal. this

can be done by

to their place in the spectrum. But this is

not possible for color combinations,

and though

it is

obvious

that different color

at a

glance

combinations con-

vey different images, the problem

how

to classify

them

is

in a systematic

way. This book introduces the Color

Image the

—

Scale

a data base developed at

Nippon Color

& Design Research

Institute for systematically classifying

the key to

systems opens a path to the future,

when

tween them. For single colors

is

combinations are perceived, and that this

ages that express the differences be-

arranging them sequentially according

on images

understanding the way in which color

I

will

continue

hope, therefore, that this

have

a

deep and lasting

would like to take this opportunity' my profound gratitude to Mr. Junichiro Matsuoka of Kodansha, I

to express

Ltd. for his interest in this

approach

and for all his help and encouragement in the publication of this

book.

And

I

must also thank the staff of the Nippon Color

& Design

Research

particular, Katsura

Institute, in

Iwamatsu, Keiko

Yoshida, Hiroko Suzuki, and Akihiko

Suzuki, for their assistance in this project.

color combinations.

The

scale

was developed by using

130 basic colors to

make

different

We

three-color combinations.

then

input into our computer 180 image

words

that relate to the

ways

in

which

people perceive colors, and also data

on which words were which

colors.

From

associated with

this

we

a 130-page data base that

generated

shows the

images associated with the color combinations created by using each of the

130 basic colors. These images are

Shigenobu Kobayashi

How this book works what way and

In

what situations book, we adby focusing on the images in

should you use colors? In dress this issue

this

of colors, as detailed in paragraphs

1

to 5

below.

image you wish to project, consult the separate image genre index on pp 152-155 first. Alternatively, check page to see which color combination is closest to the image you are looking for, and then consult the 1

1

index.

Understanding the interrelationships between colors Cx)lors do not exist as single entities. It is essential to examine carefully the different images conveyed by variations in hue and 1

.

4.

Color combinations at

you want to know what image is conveyed by the color brown, first consult the Hue and Tone S\tem table on pp. 6-7 and find the shade of brown closest to the one you have in mmd. Then turn to -> For example,

if

the page for that shade.

vidual character and also their

and beaut)'. As

far as the color

are concerned, the

first

in

image

be more

And

-> for

hue change

vivid tones

as the

tone changes?

same tone

— how does

—

their

for example,

image change

with a change in hue? -» For

an overview of the images con-

veyed by each color, consult the single color

on

image

scale

in the

key word image scale on pp. 12-13.

p. 9.

Further details are given

•> Alternatively, the

image word

list

on

pp. 14- 17 can be used as a data base to find

the color combinations appropriate to the

image you are seeking

to project.

vidual colors

age,

gra\ish? Purple or red purple in hue? Light

-» If

you have already decided on the word that goes with the image you are looking for, you can find the colors corresponding to that word in the index on pp. 156-160.

you have only

a

is

which case a color

effective.

more

details

on color combination A Book of Colors

(Kodansha International, Ltd., 1987). "* For an over\'iew of the images conveyed by different color combinations, please refer to the Color Combination Image Scale on p. 11. 5.

Practical applications of color images

On each page data

is included to help you which color, or color combination, is appropriate to the image you wish to con-

find

For example, vivid purple P/\') (

vague idea as to the

is

used

a great deal in fashion, but not in interiors. is

a light grayish

tone of yellow red (YR/Lgr).

- For each color, the fields in which

it

has

been most widely used to date are marked with one or

or light grayish in tone?

if

in

For interiors the basic color

you want to project a fashionable imwhat color should you choose? Clear or

•

combinations

point to consider

techniques, please consult

vey.

Checking the characteristics of indiIf

own indiown charm

combination using contrasting colors would

How do the images conveyed by colors of for colors of the

3.

book and shown

whether you want to create a unified effect through the use of a gradation of hues or tones, or whether you want to make your chosen color stand out,

Examining differences

a red

in this

the nine different color combinations for each color each have their

tone.

2.

— learning how to

and use them The 130 colors shown

look

more

stars (•) for easy refer-

ence.

- Data on taste and lifestyle has also been show which colors appeal to what sort of people. Further details on our approach to this issue can be found on pp. included, to

17-20.

How to look at the data Widely used Intenor Design

Produa Design

1.

Lifestyle.

*

in...

Fashion

Modem

»*

The data

Theme color

for each color

is

set

22-151 and structured as shown 1-9 in the example above.

2.

Name of color

3.

Main color combinations and their image

out on pp. in sections

patterns 4. Typical color 5.

combination images

Examples of three-shade color combina-

1.

Theme color One page

tions (nine examples)

devoted to the data on each

is

of the 130 colors in this book. 6.

Color reference code (hue/tone)

7. Fields in

which the theme color

-^ For a complete table of all colors used, is

most

see pp. 6-7.

widely used 8. Taste/lifest)4e 9.

Hints on

checkpoint

how to

2.

Color name

The code use this color

at the top,

for the

with the

hue and tone are given

name of the color under-

neath. •^ See table

on pp. 6-7

•^ For an explanation of the Hue and Tone System, see p. 8. Most of the names given are in evenday use, and can cover a

6.

range of shades.

pp. (y-7).

3.

Main color combinations and their im-

7.

Fields in

which the theme color is most

widely used

age patterns

The color image patterns order to be understood

We

that can be

achieved with the theme color are arranged in

is

Color reference code (hue/tone) Underneath each color a reference code given denoting hue and tone (see table on

at a glance.

For an explanation of this system, see pp. 8-13.

The 180 image word data base

is

found

on pp. 14-17.

used data obtained from market

re-

search conducted in japan by our institute

between 1985 and 1988. The items in the sur\'ey were: fashion (women's and men's sweaters); interior design (curtains); prod-

uct design (automobiles, household electrical

goods); and visual media (mainly Japa-

nese printing ink sample books). 4.

Many

Typical color combination images

stars

Image Word Data Base we have chosen the words that most accurately

ver\'

represent the special characteristics of the

indicated by

From

the 180

theme color

(usually about nine words).

The

frequency with which the theme color

is

combinations to project a given image is shown by the number of stars (•) shown next to each adjective. There are used

• •••• • ••• • •• •• •

of frequenc)':

most often ver>'

often

often quite often

sometimes

star: this

image does not have

rating in the data but

is

a high

included for refer-

ence purposes.

5.

Examples of three-color combinations

(nine examples)

Nine of the images with the highest rating have been selected from the color combination data base.

The numbers before

age words refer to the 180 Image

the im-

Word

Data

Base on pp. 14-17. For colors with a low frequency of use, we have made new color

combinations. The image words for these

combinations are given

in brackets.

that the field,

no

theme color

is

stars indicates

low frequency of use. The frequencv' of use

numbers of stars

is

shown

be-

low. Please consult individual color tables for examples.

in color

five levels

No

a

mean

often used in the

• ••

The

tone

colors used in this

book (Hue and Tone System)

The 120 chromatic

colors

and 10 achromatic colors used

in this

book

are arranged

below by tone

(along the vertical axis) and hue (along the horizontal axis)

BG

PB

RP

Neutral

N9.5 P82

P94

P 106

PI 18

PI 30

P142 P83

P95

P107

PI 19

P131

N9 PI 43

P84

P96

PI08

PI 20

PI 32

85

P97

PI 09

P121

PI 33

P86

P98

P.

P87

Image

Single Color

Scale

the scale and have ven,' different images.

Hue and Tone System (for

hue and tone

table, see pp.

Conversely, colors that are close to each

6-7)

Colors can be divided into t^vo categories: chromatic, such as red, orange, or yellow, as white, gray, or

and achromatic, such

black. If chromatic colors are arranged in a

R-YR-Y-GY-G-BG-B-

gradation of hues,

PB-P-RP-R,

a circle of colors (or hues)

is

other on the scale have similar images.

Calm, gra\ish colors may be found

may be found around the edges. The calmest color correspondingly clear-cut images of all

is

the purple at the center;

formed. Here, ten hues are used as a base, in accordance with the JIS Japanese Industrial

warm nor

Standard).

as the starting point, as

may be bright or dull, showy or other words, each hue has a num-

sober. In

ber of tones. The tone of a color

is

the result

of the interaction of two factors: brightness,

Single color images

We have developed the Color Image Scale make

meanings or images of each individual color, and to enable assessment and comparison of colors. In the Single Color Image Scale on the following page, 130 colors 120 chromatic colors and

neither

at the center

of the scale

you move out

to-

ward the edges of the chart the images of the colors become stronger: 1 = fairly, 2 = very, 3 = extremely. For vivid tones, the image varies dra-

different hues.

clear the

(

Vivid tones \'

S

\'ivid, bold, clear. Full

of life, attract

at-

tention. Sharp

and

Slightly duller

than vivid tones. Sturdy

ten achromatic colors) have been arranged

and

according to their hue and tone (ten hues

ing.

and

it is

nor hard.

matically according to the hue. Conversely, dark gra\ish tones with low chroma, show little variation in the images associated with

or value, and color saturation, or chroma.

in order to

cool, soft

Taking the zero

(

Each hue

in the

center of the scale, while clear colors with

substantial,

lively.

convey a practical

feel-

t\velve tones).

.\11

the colors have been positioned along

three axes: warm-cool, soft-hard, cleargrayish. Colors of the in

the

of the

scale.

The

B

P

of the same tone show the range of images

The achromatic

colors

form an

Pale tones, create a dreamlike atmosphere. Prett\', sweet,

\'p

that tone can convey.

Convey images \vith

a sweet flavor.

at

lines linking colors

Bright and clear, like sparkling jewels reflecting the light.

are ar-

order of hue, starting from red

ranged left

same tone

Bright tones

softness

arc in the

and dreamy.

Light colors that convey a feeling of

and delicaq^

cool half of the scale, running along the soft-

hard axis, from white at the top through the various grays to black bottom (hard).

How

to look at the Single Color

(soft) at

the

Lgr Simple, gentle, quiet colors. a mild and charming image. pigmentation, simple, quiet and

L

Convey

Gr

Little

Image

elegant.

Dl

Scale

The

Subdued tones

Quiet and sophisticated, old-fashioned.

further the distance between colors

on the scale, the greater the differences between their respective images. So, for example, red, black, and white are far apart on

Dark tones

Dp Deep

tones, full-bodied, tasteful.

vey a substantial

feeling.

Con-

Single Color

Image Scale soft

NEUTRAL

IMAGE SCALE PAT 1 106334 NIPPON cOLon a design research institute

Dk

Dark, but with a subtle tinge of hue. Resonant colors, convey an atmosphere ofstabilit)'.

Dgr Close to black, severe, serious, Convey a feeling of precision.

IN

VALUE:

1

:

FAIRLY;

austere.

refreshing, while black vere.

The

A\\ of these

VERY;

3:

EXTREMELY

colors

have a cool image. White

is

is

heasy and

se-

grays range from light to dark

and can readily be used to convey a calm feeling. As achromatic colors have no hue, they provide an effective foil to chromatic colors.

The images of achromatic

2:

hard

Color Combination Image Scale Color Combination Image Scale Until now, there has been no way to order

bination's distinguishing characteristics are

color combinations colorimetrically, but

entiated with greater precision.

we

use the

if

easier to see,

and

their

images can be

differ-

same co-ordinates that we use for

single colors to classify color combinations,

From colors to key words, from key words

from the point of view of their psychological significance, then an infinite number of color combinations can be ordered on an image scale. Since three-color combinations can express subtle differences in image,

to colors,

these are the basic units of this system.

strategy has

how to grasp the image

This image scale was created with the aim of presenting the differences between images clearly in a visual form,

research

on

colors.

As

on the

basis of

far as possible,

been to break down

in

our our

an objec-

and sensitive way the abstract areas of the meanings of objects, product images, and individual taste, and to transpose the tive

An overview of

the images of color com-

binations

The Color Combination Image Scale on 1 1 shows the subtle differences that exist between different color combinations.

images of colors into words.

p.

Within the limits of the sample of combinations shown, an over\'iew of the images of color combinations can be obtained at a glance.

The word beneath each combination

expresses the image associated with

How to

look

at the

Color Combination

Image Scale Color combinations that are

together have similar images. Color combi-

nations on the periphery of the scale use

it.

combina-

By consulting the Key VVôrd Image Scale and using this Color Combination Image Scale as a base, the different color combina-

tions (see note

tions can be ordered according to whether

grayish colors (see note 2), are concentrated

they are

warm

or cool, soft or hard, clear or

mainly clear colors 1 ),

in contrasting

while color combinations

with a calm image, using gradations of in the center

of the

scale.

This scale should

conjunction with the key word

grayish.

be viewed

Within this overall system, color combinations that resemble each other are grouped together into categories, such as

image scale on the following page. For concrete examples of each image,

pretty or casual, so that each color

in

please consult the index

on pp. 152-156.

com-

^ -> Objects/ People

10

far apart

have opposing images, those that are close

Color Combination Image Scale

soft

IMAGE SCALE PAT. 1 106334 NIPPON COLOR & DESIGN RESEARCH INSTirUTE

0:

NEUTRAL

IN

VALUE:

1

:

FAIRLY;

2:

VERY;

3:

EXTREMELY

hard

Notes 1

A color of a contrasting tone is placed between two colors of the same tone in ora weak tone beder to separate them

—

tween two strong tones or a strong tone between t\vo weak tones. 2 Subtle gradations of hue and tone.

3

For further details of the color combina-

A Book of Colors (Kodansha International, Ltd.,

tion technique, please consult

1987).

//

KeyWord Image

Scale

Differences between key words, differences between images A common feeling runs through the images that people hold of colors.

On

the basis of research linking adjectives associated

we have developed the Key Word Image Scale. Three axes have been used on the scale, as described on p. 8, in order to obtain an objective assessment uninfluenced by value judgments based on likes or dislikes, or by our current with these images and colors,

environment. Broadly speaking, the key words in the warm-soft area of the have an intimate feeling, and convey a casual image, while

scale

those in the warm-hard section have a dynamic character.

The

key words in the cool-soft section have a clear feeling and suggest a good sense of color, while those in the cool-hard section conveys an image of reliability and formality. To make the scale easier to understand, key words that convey a similar image have been grouped together into broad categories. The names of these categories have been taken from

such as "elegant" or "romantic." image scale should not be taken as applying to just one point on the scale. The images they convey tend to have a ripple effect, spreading over a wide area, but the image gradually becomes weaker as it spreads. The words at the edge

terms used

in fashion,

The words

in this

of the scale should, however, be taken

at face value.

Words and colors that are located at the same point along the warm-cool and soft-hard axes have the same image. It is the image that forms the link between the word and the color. These image words do not apply only to colors. In their broadest sense they can be applied to shapes, patterns, materials, interior design, fashion,

ing images

from

and p»oduct design

as a

way of order-

a psychological point of view.

Notes 1

Six

our data base have a broad application and are on the image scale: grand, intrepid, aqueous, pastoral, and dewy. Excluding these, 174

words

in

diftlcult to locate precisely salty,

words are shown on the

12

scale.

flamboyant

warm

showy

color

vivid

soft

intimate

/gerieruub generous

pc o^cmi

wnoi esurne

^^^^

\

pleasant restful sweet-sourleminine ^\tranquil jghthearted healthy / cultured

pure and simple

\

i

^®"^^''

^resh

delicate\

smooth

endly

natural \

domestic emotional simple and appealing dry

/"

open

mild / gentle and elegant

polished

elegant

graceful

,

,

sedate ( noble ^,

.

fashionable

ELEGANT

I

smart

^

speedy

Western ^î^^^^

agile

urban

chic

progressive

fascinating noble and elegant composed mysterious fôclest ^/^ Japanese ubstantial glossy, / distinguished J^ iromaticalluring\^-7^-T\/simple, CHIC intellectual

mature

quiet

I

,

,

modern

|

cultivated precise

stylish"

rustic

I

diligent

y

subtle

Îd-fashioned

rational

and mysterious

,

eminent quiet and sophisticated

f

bitter

olacid

aristocratic

dapper

y

practical

sound

DANDY / heavy and deep

\^

hard

i

earnest'

precious proper

/

/

\

formal ^

,

solemn, I

majestic

dignified

strong and robust sturdy

I

masculine

sublime

I

»

sharp

exact

gorgeous ^gUQ^ tasteful xunous complex decorative

/

sober

and elegant

|

xtravagant

I

/

|

GORGEOUS jy provincial

/

FORMAL

qooI

^

sporty

quiet

'''I

interesting

cOOL-CASUAL

a

i

subtle

01 brilliant

i

sleek pure and elegant y°^^9

MODERN

180 Image

Word Data Base

Notes 1 The 80 words appear 1

Words in alphabetical order.

with a high selection rate as a liked

image (ranked

in the

top thirty words) are

marked

•

Image Scale on pp. 12-13.

Words

with a low selection rate as a liked

Among the

image (ranked

2

These words are referred to

3

in the

Key Word

180 words, those that are liked/ disliked (according to the results of a survey

conducted between

1

987 and

1

988

are

marked

in the

bottom

A

)

27. colorfrd 1

28.

abundant a

29.

2.

active

3.

agile

4.

agreeable to the touch

5.

alluring

6.

amiable

30. conservative

33. cultured

8. 9.

aristocratic

10.

31. crystalline 32. cultivated

amusing a aqueous A

7.

complex A composed

34. cute

D 35.

aromatic

11. authoritative

„

dapper

36. dazzling

A

37. decorative

A

38. delicate

B

39. delicious

a

12. bitter 13.

40.

bold

14. bright

a

42. diligent

15. brilliant

16.

43. distinguished

calm

17. casual 18.

charming

19. cheerful

20. chic

domestic

45.

dreamy

46.

dry

47.

dynamic dynamic and

48.

•

• 49. earnest

22. citrus

50. elaborate

23. classic

51. elegant

25. clean

26. clear

•

44.

21. childlike

24. clean

14

dewy A

41. dignified

• and

fresh

a

A

52.

eminent

53.

emotional

54. enjoyable

•

active

thirty

words)

55. ethnic

85. intimate

56. exact

86. intrepid

57. extravagant

87. Japanese 58. fascinating 59. fashionable

60. feminine

88. light

61. festive

89. lighthearted

62. fiery

90. hvely

63.

91. luxurious

flamboyant

64. forceful

M

65. formal

• fresh •

92.

66. free 67.

68. fresh

and young

•

69. friendly

70.

•

generous

71. gentle 72. gentle

and elegant

masculine

94.

mature _

95. 96.

mellow merry

97.

metallic

98.

mild

99.

modern

100.

modest

•

gorgeous

grand

N

•

75. graceful 76.

93.

101. mysterious

73. glossy 74.

majestic

•

102. natural

•

103. neat

H 77.

78. healthy

79.

104. noble 105. noble

happy

•

and elegant A

106. nostalgic

heavy and deep

80. hot

z^

107. old-fashioned 108. 81.

open

innocent

82. intellectual

•

83. intense

109. pastoral

84. interesting

110. peaceful 15

•

111. placid

and appealing • and elegant a

142. simple

143. simple, quiet

112. plain

144. sleek

113. pleasant

114. polished

•

145. smart

smooth

115. practical

146.

116. precious

147. sober

117. precise

_

148. soft

118. pretty

•

149.

solemn a

119. progressive

150.

sound

120. proper a

151. speedy

121. provincial

152. sporty

122. provocative

153. steady

123. pure

154. striking

124. pure

and elegant

125. pure

and simple

155. strong

•

•

and robust _

156. sturdy 157. stylish 158. sublime 159. substantial

126. quiet

127. quiet

and sophisticated

160. subtle

and mysterious a

161. subtle

R

•

130. refreshing

•

131. restful

sunny

163. supple

128. rational 129. refined

162.

164. sweet

#

165. sweet

and dreamy a

166. sweet-sour

_

132. rich

T

133. robust 134. romantic 135. rustic

136. salty

i.

137. sedate 138. serious

139. sharp 140.

•

showy A

141. simple

•

—

—

177.

Wholesome

178. wild

174. vigorous

175. vivid

Y

W

179.

young

180. youthful

Western

176.

Taste and Lifestyle

A simple way to assess your taste Choose your

taste

Prefers the feeling of clear colors

words that correspond to from the Image Word Data Base twent\'

on pp. 14-17. Choose ten colors that correspond to your taste from the table on pp. 6-7. First, consult the Key word Image Scale on pp. 12-13 to check which areas of the scale your chosen words are located in. Then, check the special features of each color you have chosen in the section on that color. Finally, by checking the colors and words you dislike, you can assess the boundaries of your

Casual: Colorful, enjoys a free and easy lifestyle.

Attracted by things with a

refreshing, invigorating feel.

cool-casual

lifest>'le

more widespread

Modem:

in lapan.

Cool and sharp. Invigorating.

Romantic soft,

The related become

has recently

(includes pretty):

Likes a

dream-like atmosphere.

Prefers the calm feeling of grax-ish colors

Natural: Likes a Elegant:

light,

Calm and

natural feeling.

delicate.

Chic: Intellectual and refined. Classic (includes gorgeous): Feeling of

taste.

tradition, authenticity.

Dandy: Hard and masculine.

Thinking about lifestyle

become colorful, and tastes more varied. From the abundance of objects that surround them people select those which have meaning for them and Contemporary-

life

has

The data on each color indicates with which of these eight types of lifestyle that color fits best with. Such basic colors as

discard those that

white, gray, black, or ivor\' can blend well

interplay of

with any

do not. So, through the word and color images in the image scales, we can detect a general pattern in the differences

between people's

the differences in individual

patterns.

We

can get a feeling for different

kinds of

lifestyles. So, in practical

when you can make

are creating a

s

sensi-

From

tivities.

lifestv'le.

terms,

new product you

use of the connections between

words, colors, and objects. Lifestyles

have been divided here into Key Word Image

eight basic types (see the

Scale

on pp. 12-13). 17

Eight Taste and Lifestyle Types

Casual

In contrast with formal, casual

is

and easygoing. It has an open, waward, happy image. This t)'pe prefers vivid, clear colors, and is mainly attracted by the vivid, strong, or bright tones. Contrasting color combinations using cheerful

many

different hues give a characteristic

sport)' effect.

Modem

The

feeling here

is

cool and urbane,

with a clear-cut, functional, sharp image.

Strong contrasts are favored. The neutral colors that

we

see in fashion, interior de-

and of course product design are popular with this t)'pe. The key color is sign,

black, with white providing a contrast.

Romantic

\'ivid colors, giving

an accent, are used to

create a bold effect.

The

The

colors are clear.

colors used here are soft, sweet,

and dreamy, with a touch of fantasy. The main color combinations are light pastel tones and white, giving a poetic, soft effect with a feeling of delicaq- and sweetness. Since the image is soft and charming, it tends to be popular with young girls. Colors with too strong a hue or too sport>' a feel are

not suited to this t)pe; the

atmosphere

more one of

The Natural

A

is

tenderness.

colors used are clear. natural,

warm, simple appearance,

with a heartwarming image. Full of the richness of natural materials.

The

feeling

opposed to the artificial feeling of modern. The impression are is one of serenit>\ The main colors shades of beige, ivor\% and yellow green. The basic color combinations are subde here

is

diametrically

gradations of grayish colors.

18

Elegant

A

nonchalant

taste for subtlet)', a

beaut)' with a sense of balance

The elegance one can

styie,

and charm.

see in Japanese dress.

Refinement, tenderness, and calm

—

this

is

the image of elegant. Grayish colors are fa-

vored by

this type,

showy tones and con-

should be avoided. The color com-

trasts

binations used are subtle gradations.

Chic

This

t\'pe is

sober and calm, quiet and

sophisticated, with an air of simple egance.

The atmosphere

quiet

is

and

ished, self-possessed, adult,

el-

and pol-

intelligent,

with a cooler image than that of the elegant t^pe. Sober, grayish colors predominate.

Color combinations use subtle differences of tones and grayish colors.

Classic

Elaborate, decorative, and formal, an

image of authenticit)' classic t\pe.

grayish.

The

is

at the heart

The use of brown,

black,

green gives a feeling of tradition ity-.

and and olive and qual-

By adding wine and gold colors

ing of gorgeousness trasts

of the

colors used are hard

is

created.

a feel-

The con-

used are moderate, and the feeling

is

one of calm.

Dandy

A

self-possessed tone, stability,

linity,

and quiet

basis of dandy.

t\pe

is

mascu-

sophistication, this

Compared

simpler and cooler in

is

the

to classic, this feel.

The basic

colors are hard, such as brown, na\T blue,

or dark gray, used in combination with calm, gravish colors. This type appeals to a verv adult and masculine

taste.

19

Taste and Lifestyle

—

distinguishing characteristics

RP22~33

^^^ YR i'34~45

w

Y P46~57

C

GY

f'

5 8-69

G P70~81

Color Image Scale In the data presented below, chromatic

colors are placed

first

and are ordered by

^^^^^|

BG ^82-93

hue, starting with red. Within each hue

group they are ordered by tone: vivid •» bright - subdued -* dark. The neutral colors follow.

For an oveniew of the colors used, please consult the table on pp. 6-7.

B P94~105

PB P106-117

P P118~129

RP P130~141 N P142~151

21

R/V

R/S

Widely used

in...

Widely used

R/P Flamingo

in...

Fashion

•

Interior Design

•

Lifestyle.

Romantic

Product Design \'isual

Media

Typical Color

/

Combination Images sweet

^-

sweet-sour COOL-'dWîu/i-

sunny pretty

sweet and dreamy

^mjSi

generous cute

aOROEOUSr'

feminine childlike jovful

pleasant

CL*tSi

Ik .!êti^V

PftT.

pretty

sweet

4 R/P

Y/Vp

YR/P

generous

R/L

smooth, domestic

1186334

R/P

sweet -sour

Y/Vp

••• ••• *• •• •• •• *• •* •• *•*•

* •

R/Vp

R/Lgr Pink Beige

Widely used

in...

R/L

R/Gr

R/Dl

R/Dp

Widely used

Brick Red

Fashion

7:r55« 5irfTTi?rr:

••

Interior Design

•

Product Design

•••• ••

Visual

Media

Combination Images

ri.

robust luxurious

u

C00L-C?5^f«. ::p^

•m 7-H/<

rich

untamed, ethnic

-»^

E

CHIC

extravagant,

dynamic and

/

mellow active, wild

elaborate

4.-

mature, substantial decorative, gorgeous

hot

1^^" : J-',D(3JiDS

PAT. 1166334

NCD INST.

extravagant

R/Dp

mellow

Y/S

P/Dp

Y/S

GY/Dk

R/Dp

R/Dk

rich

R/Dp robust

N1.5

Classic

Typical Color

\

PRE7TV

Lifestyle.

in...

ethnic

•••• ••• ••• •• •• •• •• * • •

R/Dk

Widely used in...

Lifestyle.

Mahogany

Fashion

Classic

Interior Design

••• ••

Product Design \"isual

Media

Typical Color

Combination Images ••• •••

traditional

substantial

\cooL-cmufl

elaborate

old-fashioned--

hea\y and deep ethnic fruitful

y

VrSpopeftM

T

PftT.

ethnic

fruitful ^Ji;^

R/DI

YR/L

R/DI

P/Dp

mellow

R/Dk

rich,

untamed, sturdy

strong and robust

NCD INST.

1106334

R/Dk

mellow, mature,

I

hea\T and deep

elaborate

R/Dgr Maroon

Widely used

in...

YR/V

YR/S

Widely used

Persimmon

Fashion

Lifestyle...

in...

(Casual

•

Interior Design

Product Design X'isual

••

Media

Typical Color

Combination Images •• •• ••

rich

delicious

abundant

dynamic and

active

aromatic

• •

luxurious, bright, fascinating, untamed, eniovable, substantial

PAT.1106334

^ aromatic

HC» INST.

YR

YR/B Apricot

Widely used

in...

Lifestyle...

Casual

Fashion Interior Design


Media

••

Typical Color

Combination Images friendly

lighthearted delicious

merr\'

healthy

open amusing bright, tropical, cute, lively, casual,

dehcious

•• •• •• •• • • • young

YR/P Sunset

Widely used

in...

YR

YRA^p

YR/Lgr

YR

YR/L Beige

Widely used

in...

YR/Gr

Widely used

Rose Beige

Fashion

••• ••• •• ••

Interior Design

Product Design Visual

-.,

Lifestyle...

in...

Media

Chic Elegant

Dandy Classic

Typical Color

.^'-'ii-ertP

Combination Images placid chic,

-cwSwri-

modest

provincial, simple, quiet

and elegant

aqueous ^

subde and mysterious, calm

gende and

elegant, mild

tasteful, classic

sober, dry diligent, precious

^

PftT.

J -.reitJDv

1186334

modest

calm

YR/Gr

Y/Lgr

Y/Gr

provincial

Y/L

Y/DI

YR/Gr

YR/Gr

R/Dgr

placid

Y/Dk

aqueous

••• •• •• •• • • • • •

YR/DI

YR/Dp

YR/Dk Coffee Brown

Widely used

in...

YR/Dgr Falcon

Widely used

in...

Y/V

Widely used

Yellow

Fashion

Lifestyle.

in...

Casual

Interior Design

•


••

Media

Typical Color

Combination Images flamboyant, \ivid dazzling

show)% dynamic bold, intense lively, sport)' fier)'

d\Tiamic and active striking, forceful

enjoyable, merr\' colorful, tropical

provocative,

NCD INST.

citrus,

sportv'

flamboyant

vivid

^^^H RP/V

YR/V

p/v

Y/V

RP/V

bold

Y/V

YR/V

P/V

Y/V

dynamic

R/V

N1.5

RP/V

Y/V

amusing

hot

N1.5

•••• •••• ••• ••• ••• ••• •• •• •• •• •• ••

Widely used

in...

Y/B

Widely used

Camellia Yellow

Fashion

in...

Lifestyle...

*•

Interior Design

•

Product Design

••• •••

Visual

Media

Casual

Typical Color

Combination Images casual

youthful,

young

cheerful, pretty friendly, enjoyable

bold, shovs^

open, childlike

happy, dazzling sweet-sour, citrus vivid

cheerful

••• •• •• •• • •

• • •

Widely used

Y/P Sulphur

•••

\/'"'^'

Casual

Interior Design

•

Romantic

Product Design

•

Natural

••

Visual Media

_JJM.+nfty^'l'l'i^^. ^^?^,

Lifestyle.

in...

Fashion

Typical Color

Combination Images KjaTIIDAJ

"

\

cute, childlike citrus

young, cheerful

merry youthful,

open

healthy, free lighthearted,

happy

active, casual

pretty, sweet-sour

enjoyable,

NCD INST.

PAT. 1186334

heahhy

cheerful

YR/P

R/B

Y/P

cute

RP/B

YR/B childlike

Y/P

merry

Y/P

G/P

sunny

•••• •••• ••• •** •• •• •• •* •• •

Y/Vp Ivon-

Widely used

in...

Y/Lgr

Widely used

Light Olive Gray



Lifestyle...

in...

••* ••• ••••

Natural Elegant

•

Media

Typical Color

Combination Images tranquil

intimate

dry restful

natural, plain

simple and appealing, pleasant generous, friendly gentle

and elegant

••• ••• ••• ••• •• •• •• •• • • • •

calm, peaceful gentle, pastoral

amiable, aromatic PAT. 1186334

salt)'

YR/P

YR/Vp

intimate

YR/L pleasant

tranquil

plain

restful

Y/Lgr

Y/Lgr natural

Y/Lgr

GY/Vp

GY/Lgr

Y/Lgr

G/Vp

G/Lgr

simple and appealing

Y/L

Widely used

Mustard

Fashion

••

Interior Design

•

Product Design

••• ••

Visual

_*^tH4»mtr-^^,

Lifestyle.

in...

Media

Natural

Typical Color

Combination Images natural

wholesome calm provincial

intimate

simple and appealing restful

*** •** ** ** •• •• •• * • • •

interesting

pastoral

dry salty

K.DfitlPV

PAT. 11Q6334

mtimate

Y/L

YR/L

wholesome

Y/Lgr

YR/S pastoral

YR/L

calm

restful

Y/Lgr

Y/L


Y/Gr

Widely used

Sand Beige

Fashion

.^-'-'H.e.nF

•

Lifestyle.

Chic

Interior Design

Dandy

Product Design

Hlegant

N'isual

Â^m^^tti^^^^

in...

Media

Typical Color

Combination Images conservative, dr\',

sound

Japanese

sober, dapper nostalgic, subtle

and mysterious

calm, simple, quiet and elegant quiet and sophisticated, provincial practical,


modest, authoritative aot-effi)

ET«MC PftT.

:alm

118633'

NOD IMST,

diligent, bitter

••• ••• •• •• •• •• • • •

Y/Dl

Y/Dp

Widely used

Khaki

lashion

C^lassic

Interior Design

Dandy

in...


Media

Lifestyle.

Natural

•

Typical Color PRE^-Vv

Combination Images bitter

rustic

•••• ••• ••

eucb*^

extravagant .y-*-\.

elaborate--

ethnic pastoral

decorative-

wild

hot

PrtT.

1166334

extravagant

NOD IHST.

decorative

•A--*-

Y/Dk Olive

Widely used

in...

Widely used

Y/Dgr Olive

Brown

ssssiia

in...

Lifestyle...

Fashion

Dandy

Interior Design

Classic


_Â<*t^>fnir^~

Media

Typical Color

'\r -''H;^!^

Combination Images rustic

dapper cwiiirl

strong and robusttasteful-

f

serious bitter

old fashioned-

r

quiet and sophisticated, heavy and deep,

DVN6M.H:

placid, progressive, rich, sturdy

roRJ>AL

PAT. 118633.4

tasteful

GY/V

Widely used

Yellow Green

Fashion

Lifestyle...

in...

Casual

Interior Design


•

Media

Typical Color

Combination Images • • • • • * *

healthy

open festive

flamboyant striking

clean

and fresh

amusing fresh, enjoyable, steady, intense,

fier\',

tropi-

'

cal

PAT. 1196334

NCD INST.

enjoyable

YR/V

healthy

Y/V

GY/V

Y/V

fresh

N9.5

GY/V

GY/V

open

festive

R/V

N9.5

GY/V

Y/V

Y/Vp

GY/V

GY/V

amusing

flamboyant

G/Vp

N9.5

clean and fresh

N9.5

PB/B

N1.5

GY/V

striking

! YR/V

It

GY/V

is

RP/B

P/V

perhaps a reflection of the Japanese

fondness for in

RP/V

new

things that the

word "green"

Japanese used to refer to yellow green, the

time

58

is

the ultimate symbol of newTiess, a

when many

the eye

new

is

RP/V

drawn

shoots.

It is

to the beautiful yellow green of

the freshness of this color that

people find appealing.

When combined

color of spring.

Spring

GY/V

living things begin to stir

and

festive,

quality.

uith red, yellow green

while yellow brings out

its

healthy,

is

open

GY/S

PrtT.

1186334

sweet-sour

GY Widely used

GY/P l.cttuce (>reen

Lifestyle...

in...

Fashion

Natural

Interior Design

Casual

Product Design

r55HWTTr-

•

Media

X'isual

Typical Color

FKCTT

Combination Images free

sweet-sour •••••

citrus

fresh P

healthy

youthful tranquil

lighthearted fresh

and young

amusing

PrtT.

MCD INST,

1186334

sweet -sour

tranquil

R/P

Y/Vp

GY/P

GY/P

fresh

Y/Vp

G/Lgr

free

YR/L

Y/Vp

GY/P

YR/P

GY/P

YR/Vp

GY/P

YR/B

fresh,

and young. Nowadays

young people often

in

miso soup, and this shade evokes that cultural values, echoing the fresh, sweet-

ditional shift in

sour

feel

of the collection of

modern Japanese

PB/B

Y/Vp

N9

5

B/Vp

BG/B

GY/P

B/B

haiku entitled Salad Annivcruiry:

Japan,

eat salad instead of the tra-

and young

youthful

GY/P

Lettuce green creates a cool, soft atmosphere, free,

BG/B

fresh

GY/P

Y/Vp

Y/V

lighthearted

healthy

GY/P

Its

youthful, fresh quality can be enhanced

by combining

it

with cool shades or white,

while using lemon yellow as an accent gives a

more is

lively

impression. With orange, the effect

lighthearted

and

healthy.

61

GY

GY/Vp

GY Widely used

GY/Lgr Mist Circen

Lifestyle...

in...

*

Natural

Interior Design

•*

Hlegant

Product Design

••••

Fashion

Visual

Media

Typical Color PR.E.rT'v

"\._^_

Combination Images

/'

••••

plain

N.

**

natural

pastoral

* ** *

restful

**

tranquil

COOL-CTOUri.

wholesome

?<:hic

/

* * *

soft

interesting

domestic Dvheiii

gentle VoRjirtL ?'

PrtT.

^'.DijtiDV

1166334

tranquil

soft

R/Lgr

N9

GY/Lgr

GY/Lgr

N7

wholesome

restful

YR/Vp

YR/Vp

plain

YR/P

domestic

P

GY/Lgr

YR/L pastoral

Y/Vp

GY/Lgr natural

GY/Lgr

GY/DI

Widely used

Leaf Green

Fashion

Classic

Interior Design

Chic

Product Design

Dandy

\'isual

in.

Lifestyle.

Media

Typical Color

Combination Images •

Japanese

mature, ethnic, diligent, simple, quiet and elegant, pastoral, rustic, uild

PAT. 1186334

pastoral

NCD INST,

simple, quiet

and elegant

Japanese

GY/Dp

Widely used

Olive Cireen

Fashion

Lifestyle-

in...

Classic

Interior Design

••


Media

Typical Color

Combination Images untamed grand hea\y and deep, mature,

PftT.

(

GY/Dp

R/S

YR/Dp

Y/L

GY/Vp

GY/Dp

GY/Dp

Y/S

P/Dp

RP/S

PB/Dp

GY/Dp

G/L

untamed

GY/Dp

Nl

5

YR/Dgr GY/Dp

the dark shades, deep tones have the

GY/L

GY/Dp

GY/Dp

B/Dp

grand

;omplex)

(elaborate)

Of

(natural)

pastoral

rich

R/Dp

abundant

NCD INST.

1186334

Y/S

rich,

heavy and deep

GY/Dp

N2

N7

low, while with black or cot)! colors

Nl

it

5

becomes

highest color saturation

hea\y and deep and conveys a more masculine

quite a shov>y effect.

impression.

and can therefore give When making color com-

binations with this shade, vivid tones should he

avoided

in

order to

tone emerge

in

let

the showiness of the deep

Olive green gives a mature, rich, luxurious effect

when used with deep tones of

Note:

The color combinations in brackets and have been in-

are not part of the test data

an unforced way. red or yel-

cluded for reference purposes only. Please use them t«) develop ideas for color combinations.

67

GY/Dk

GY/Dgr Seaweed

Widely used

in...

Widely used

Lifestyle-

in...

Casual

Fashion

Modern

Interior Design

Product Design N'isual

Media

•

••

Typical Color

Combination Images flamboyant vi\id

ic,

vigorous

R/V

Y/V

G/V

R/V

PB/V

G/V

provocative

RP/V

RP/V

G/V

flambovant

livelv

P/Dp

G/V

vigorous, showy, provocative, d\Tiam-

active

vivid

Y/V

* *

steady

lively,

**

G/S

Widely used

Malachite Green

Fashion

Lifestyle...

in...

••

(Casual

Interior Design

•• ••


ITESHWTf^^

Media

Typical Color

'ei^ftF

Combination Images '

r-{

/

"NAtURAsteady

fresh, clean,

E iMt*

young, flamboyant

1

CL-^S; i^^ttes

PAT. 116633-

NCD INST,

(vouthtul

b GY/V

Y/P

G/S

Y/V

G/S

Nl

5

PB/S

Y/P

RP/S

Nl

Although colors of a green hue have a strong and fields, this shade takes Japanese

name from

the verdigris

t)f

N9

G/S

GY/Lgr

BG/P

5

cop|X*r

G/Dk

G/S

steady

(tropical)

feeling of mountains its

G/P

relaxed

G/S

G/S

(dynamic)

Y/V

Y/Vp

G/S

young

flamboyant

RP/V

clean and fresh

fresh

PB/Dk

G/S

6

ness.

When combined

with

warm

colors

it

cre-

ates a flamboyant effect, while with C(k>1 colors it

has a steady, clean, fresh feeling.

rooves, probably because lapanese pvople associate

it

with the rtxnes of shrines where

the>'

go

Malachite green

Note:

The

color combinations

arc not part of the test data

to worship. is

a dull color, but

it

has a

cool quality that gives an impression ot fresh-

m

brackets

and have been

in-

cluded for reference purpt>ses only. Please use them as further ideas for color combinations.

G/B

G/P

Widely used

Opaline Green

Fashion

Natural

Interior Design

Casual

in...

Lifestyle...

Product Design

••

Visual Media

Typical Color

Combination Images **

steady

• *

refreshing

cute

pure and simple, open, free

PftT.

tree

1186334

NCD INST.

fresh,

young, progressive,

G/Vp

Widely used

Pale Opal

Fashion

Lifestyle...

in...

Natural

Romantic

Interior Design


•••

Casual

Media

Typical Color

Combination Images innocent

••

clear

•••

supple neat c

fresh

and young-

citrus

fresh, quiet, progressive,

charming,

delicate,

tranquil

PftT.

1196334

neat

charming

R/Vp

G/Vp

N9.5

supple

G/Vp

N8

innocent

RP/P

R/Vp

a clear color

—

GY/V

pale tone gives

it

G/Vp

BG/P

i N9.5

B/P

B/Lgr

BG/Gr

quiet

feel-

ing.

One effective way of bringing out this image

G/Vp

G/Vp

N9.5

crystalline, refreshing,

an innocent, supple, neat

N9.5

G/Vp

G/Vp

G/L

fresh

G/Vp

is

Y/P

and young

clear

and pure. However, as it is green in hue, it also has a cool qualit)', and this together with its ver>'

74

BG/Vp

N9.5

citrus

RP/Vp

This

G/Vp

fresh

is

to

combine pale opal with

with white. Alternatively, with warm, supple,

soft,

it

cool, soft, colors or

can be combined

shades to create an innocent,

charming impression.

convey a quiet, fresh

It is

also easy to

feeling with this shade.

G/Lgr Ash

Ciray

Widely used

in...

G/L

G/Gr

Widely used

Mist (ireen

Fashion

in.

Lifestyle... c:hic

Interior Design


Media

Typical Color

Combination Images quiet-

grand-

st>lish,

urbane, fashionable, sober, peaceful,

interesting,

PAT. 1196334

1

peaceful

HCD IHST.

smart

G/Dl

Widely used

Jade Green

Fashion

in...

**

Lifestyle. Classic

Interior Design


••

Media

Typical Color

Combination Images complex interesting,

abundant

PAT. 1196334

abundant

YR/S

R/S

G/DI

(adult)

RP/Lgr

GY/Gr

Y/L

G/DI

LB G/DI

RP/Dgr

R/Dk

Y/Dk

N9

interesting

G/DI

Y/L

G/DI

G/DI (quiet)

(tranquil)

complex

RP/S

(intellectual)

(natural)

G/DI

N9.5

Widely used

Lifestyle.

in...

Fashion

N'iridian

(Casual

Interior Design


Media

•

Typical Color

Combination Images ethnic, tropical, wild

PAT. 1186334

tropical

NCD INST.

G/Dk

G/Dgr ungle Cireen

Widely used

in...

BG/V Peacock Green

Widely used

in...

Widely used

BG/S Jewel

Green

Lifestyle.

in...

••

Fashion

Modern

interior Design

Product Design Vîsual

^tu**^

mrf^rz:

(Casual

•••

Media

•

Typical Color

Combination Images agile, sharp, sporty,

provocative, tropical, ac-

tive

"^-^rik^^lt NCD INST.

PAT. 1166334

sporty

R/V

active

N9.5

BG/S

YR/B

BG/S

tropical

RP/V

provocative

agile

BG/B

Widely used

Turquoise

Fashion

in...

Casual

Produa Design Media

h

Modern

Interior Design

Visual

Lifestyle...

•• ••

Typical Color

Combination Images young tropical

clean

and

fresh

refreshing colorfril

progressive pretty, childlike

youthfril, enjoyable

fresh

and young, speedy

Western

PAT. 1196334

pretty

NCD INST,

•• •• •• •• •• •• • • • •

BG/P Light

Widely used

Aqua Green

Lifestyle.

in...

Fashion

(Casual

Interior Design

Natural


.^-fc^'ffn-H--

.,'"^<.-e'='f:

Media

Typical Color

Combination Images •••

dean

•

neat

COOL -CWSUr*.

•* •• •• ••

clean and fresh

Western fresh

and young

healthy

* *

pure cultivated

crystalline,

refreshing,

fresh, clear, agile

PAT. 1186334

NCD INST.

pure

healthy

Y/P

Y/Vp

BG/P

clean and fresh

G/S

N9.5

BG/P

P/DI

BG/P

Western

R/Vp

pure

and

simple,

BG/Vp

Widely used

Horizon Blue

Fashion

Casual

Interior Design

Natural

in.

Lifestyle...


_&^>t4rmTr^

^

]

Media

Typical Color

Combination Images neat

•••

pure

••••

soft

crystalline

supple

dreamy gentle

steady clean

pure and elegant-

PftT.

1106334

supple

R/Vp soft

N9

NCD INST,

• • • • • • • •

BG

BG/Lgr

BG/L

Widely used

Venice Green

Fashion

Lifestyle.

in...

••

Natural

Interior Design

Casual

•


••

Media

Typical Color

.,_i*<+«=(rrrTC-

Combination Images cultivated-

young,

fresh,

dewy,

casual,

mysterious,

amusing. Western, steady

PftT,

1106334

NCD INST.

casual

fresh

fresh

and young

i BG/L

Y/P

R/L

amusing

RP/B

N9.5

BG/L

Y/B

BG/Vp

BG/L

P/V

BG/L

YR/Vp

BG/L

it

symbol of culture, but it is associated with youth and freshness. This

said that water

dual character

B/Vp

B/DI

is

is

a

apparent in the images that

BG/L

BG/L

PB/DI

BG/L

PB/DI

casual

N9.5

can, however, also convey a re-

feel. It

fined, distinguished, intelligent

Although

PB/DI

this

the bright tones, quality'. It also

atmosphere.

shade lacks the brilliance of its

light

contains

tone gives

it

a calm

more yellow tint than its

counterpart in the blue color group (B/L), and

can be conveyed by this shade.

With white or dark blue, the and Western, while with warm

BG/Vp

Western

cultivated

Venice green has a watery quality that has a

also

N9.5

steady

special significance for the Japanese. In Japan is

BG/L

dewy

mysterious

RP/S

GY/Lgr

effect

colors

is it

steady

has a

this gives

it

a slightly warm

feel.

BG/Gr

Widely used

Blue Spruce

Fashion

Chic-

Interior Design

Elegant

in.

Lifestyle.


A^mrfiF^

Media

Typical Color

Combination Images distinguished

noble

aqueous

dewy

•• •• •• •

quiet, chic, sober, intellectual, urbane, fash-

ionable

FORJl
^"^^^-fe.^^ P«T. 1166334

quiet

^H

NCD INST.

dewy

BG/DI

Widely used

Cambridge Blue

Fashion

in...

••

Lifestyle. Classic

Modern

Interior Design


••

Media

Typical Color

Combination Images decorative

complex modern, smart,

PAT. 1106334

(ethnic)

NCD INST,

exact

exact, elaborate, mysterious

BG/Dp Prussian CJrecn

Widely used

in...

BG/Dk

Widely used

Teal Green

Fashion

Dandy

Interior Design

Classic

in...

Lifestyle.


Media

Typical Color

Combination Images ethnic intrepid

untamed, elaborate, jestic, metallic,

ethnic

conser\'ative, exact,

diligent

ma-

BG/Dgr

Widely used

Duskv Cireen

Fashion

in. n

Interior Design

Lifestyle.

Dandy Classic


STîfrfTF^

Media

Typical Color

Combination Images

j

classic

lcOOL-'c??S\Jn.

masculine, serious, sturdy, hea\y and deep, placid

^ rvHefLHC

nf

\

ET-MlUC

NCD INST.

PrtT. 119633.*

(calm)

(magnificent

masculine

j

YR/Lgr

Y/Gr

BG/Dgr

R/Dgr

BG/Gr

BG/Dl

BG/Dgr

sturdy

classic

YR/Gr

(untamed)

BG/Dgr

P/Dgr

BG/Dgr B/Vp placid

Y/Gr

hea\y and deep

BG/Dgr

PB/DI

BA^

B/S Light Blue

Widely used

in...

B/B

Widely used

Sky Blue

Fashion

Lifestyle...

in...

•

•• ••

Product Design Visual Media

IS^WTfrFr PRE7'fv

Typical Color

Combination Images

'V

H H-JI?

enjoyable

••

agile

*•*•

open refreshing-

*

youthful-

••k -ir

striking

—

sharp

NCD INST

open

Y/Vp

enjoyable

B/B

**

speedy

crystalline,

YR/V

Casual

Modern

Interior Design

fresh,

clear,

healthy,

-k

modem,

B/P

Widely used

Aqua Blue

Fashion

Lifestyle...

in...

•

(Casual

Romantic

Interior Design

•• ••


W

^&<^sm-^

Media

Typical Color

Combination Images

,/

•••••

clean

••

cute clear

*

childlike

••

CO<^-^^^f^ . crystalline

* *

peaceful

smart

doRGEOUy

simple clean

and

•

fresh

PAT. 1106334

YR/P

G/Vp

B/P

Y/Vp

B/P

Y/P

R/P

B/Gr clean

childlike

Aqua

Y/Vp

BG/B

B/P

blue possesses qualities that

it

is

and

colors,

it

takes

reflect a

on

B/P

N9.5

and refreshing image. combined with cool tones, with

warm

N9.5

B/P

a cute

PB/P

N9.5

B/P

i

smart

fresh

simple appearance can be conveyed. With the

of

B/P

N9.5

white used as a separating color, a naturally

clear tones

B/Vp clean

clean, clear, cr\'stalline,

When

B/P

N9.5

simple

cute

R/B

crystalline

dear

peaceful

and

PB/B

childlike qualiry.

It

B/P

can also create a sense of

coolness and casualness.

As the properties of

this serene, clear color

are in direct contrast to those of the dull colors, it

is

difficult to

mix them, and they are

rarely

seen together.

97

Widely used Pale Blue

PftT.

1106334

charming

RP/P

romantic

RP/Vp

B/Vp

B/Vp

Y/Vp

dreamy

RP/P

pure and simple

in...

B/Lgr

Widely used

Powder Blue

Fashion

*

Interior Design

••

Product Design

• •

Visual Media

Ûm Wl-hi--^.

.^'''W^»=.R

Lifestyle.

in...

C:hic

Modern

Typical Color

Combination Images

^'i

dewy pure and simple -

quiet-

•

••••

••••

polishedsalty

eminent-

urbane,

sharp,

delicate,

rational,

gentle,

grand

PftT.

1186334

NCD INST.

YR/Vp

P/Lgr

B/Lgr

polished

P/Gr

Y/L quiet

N9.5

B/Lgr

B/Lgr

PB/Dgr

eminent

P/Dp

pure and simple

salty

delicate

N9.5

B/Lgr

F B/Lgr

dewy

PB/Vp

B/L

B/L Aquamarine

Widely used

in...

B/Gr

B/Dl

Widely used

Shadow Blue

Fashion

Lifestyle...

in...

•• •

Interior Design

Dandy Modern Chic

Product Design

••

Visual Media

Typical Color

Combination Images ** * * * •

exact practical

precise rational

composed

masculine, urbane, modern, sober, sublime, distinguished

Pfl 1.1186334

sober

PB/P

urbane

PB/Gr

N5

B/DI

N9.5

BG/Gr

N8

B/DI

B/DI

practical

masculine

Y/Gr

GY/Dgr N6

B/DI

Shadow blue has as

it

contains a

lot

a subdued, dull tone,

and

of gray, the attractive tone

fects

produced when

gray,

medium

it

is

combined with

gray, or dark gray give

it

ef-

light

a fash-

ionable appearance. Moderate and sober in

102

B/DI

B/DI

composed

exact

N4

rational

N9

PB/Dp

N9.5

N2

PB/Lgr

PB/Dk

modern

N1.5

B/DI

precise

B/DI

character,

B/DI

it

conveys images that are precise and

composed.

When

white

is

used as a separating color in

combinations, the impression created ern and reserved.

is

mod-

B/Dp

Widely used

Lifestyle...

in.

Dandy Modern



__-&<>« «TT-rt~_^

Media

Typical Color

Combination Images / NflTURft-

•• •• * * * •

intellectual

CASUAL

dapper masculine COOL-C??î=»-

f

I

urbane

~^^ *

rational

earnest

conservative, dignified, exact, sport)',

r^'i î-:

PftT.

.D/jJiBV

1196334

Y/V

N9.5

B/Dk

N8

Teal

Y/DI

is

BG/Gr

PB/Lgr

PB/DI

this gives

it

a

more

N8

PB/S

N5

N9

B/Dk

dapper

B/Dk

R/Dgr

severe

masculine character as well as enhances

its

be conveyed when a

soft gray or a light

tone

is

and

used as a separating color in combinations.

in-

With brown, teal takes on a calm qualit)-; when showy colors, such as yeUow, are used as an ac-

and dapper qualities. The impression conveyed is cool and dark. However, an urbane and rational image can

tellectual

B/Dk

dignified

B/Dk

B/Dk earnest

darker and deeper in tone than pea-

cock blue, and

B/Dk

rational

conservative

YR/Dk

PB/Lgr

PB/Gr

intellectual

B/Dk

masculine

urbane

sporty

104

com-

posed, metallic

cent, yet other

images emerge.

B/Dgr

Widely used

Prussian Blue

Fashion

in...

Interior Design


Zizs^m

••

Lifestyle...

Dandy Modern Classic

Media

Typical Color

Combination Images dapperrobust-

solemn, hea\y and deep, progressive, practip

i>vheiii

PftT.

1106334

practica

cal,

sublime, precise, strong and robust

PB/V

Widely used

Ultramarine

Fashion

Lifestyle...

in...

•

Modem

Interior Design

•


-&'&« stNTT?-

Media

Casual

•••

Typical Color

Combination Images lively

speedy agile

vigorous striking

progressive clean and fresh

young,

CL'^SSJC^^ PAT. 1186334

lively

m

•••• •••• ••* •• •• • •

sport)', sharp, active, vivid, intense

Widely used

PB/S Sapphire

Lifestyle...

in...

Fashion

Modern

Interior Design

Casual

Product Design Visual Media

Typical Color

Combination Images **

young

* * *

refreshing intellectual

masculine

youthful, urbane, rational, pure, neat, steady

PAT. 1186334

PB/L

PB/S

BG/P

Y/P

The

PB/Vp

PB/S

color sapphire dates back to the time of

the silk road. Even that era.

it

PB/Lg,

PB/S

Y/Vp

G/P

is

now

reminds people of

created by this cultivated

The image idealistic

it

and

full

of hope for the future.

has intellectual, masculine, and intelligent

qualities, sapphire

is

used in

retail

to give

PB/S

N9.5

B/Vp

refreshing

PB/S

N9.5

PB/S

B/B

intellectual

masculine

Steady

As

PB/S

urbane

young

shade

BG/Vp

N9.5

PB/S

N9.5

Y/P

pure

neat

youthful

N1.5

N9.6

N1.5

PB/S

conveys a cent to interiors or in exterior signs. It youthful impression, has a neat, steady, rational appearance, and suits lapanese skin color when used for business clothing. This is one of the basic colors of everyday

life.

an ac-

707

PB/B

PB/P Sky Mist

Widely used

in...

PB

PB/Vp

Widely used

Pale Mist

Fashion

Romantic

Interior Design

Elegant

Product Design

Chic

Visual

^^^_ WfTTTTc^^.^^

in.

Lifestyle.

Media

Typical Color

.,,'^-cAR I

Combination Images •••

light

••••

romantic emotional

•

•••••

dreamy composed

•••••

polished

•••••

sedate

•••••

•••••

•

pure

PAT. 1166334

emotional

RP/Lgr

PB/Vp

romantic

NCD INST,

light

••••

pure and simple

pure

PB/Lgr

Widely used

Moonstone Blue

Fashion

Lifestyle...

in...

•• ••

Interior Design

("hie

Kiegant

Romantic


Media

Typical Color

.^-'''Hpertf?

Combination Images ••• •• ••

subtle delicate

fashionable quiet

•• •• ••

urbane, polished precise, exact

• • •

noble and elegant, eminent cultured, sedate devv7,

.E>miic_ CL>f
jc

.DtjWDV

PAT. 1166334

NCD INST.

P/Lgr

N9

G/Vp

RP/Lgr

PB/Gr

PB/Lgr

noble and elegant

exact

RP/G^ PB/Lgr

N4

N2

Japanese people devote ing

how

cate,

and

PB/Lgr

PB/Lgr

N6

urbane

subtle

P/Vp

polished

fashionable

delicate

PB/Lgr

aqueous

many

N9

B/Lgr

PB/Lgr

N6

PB/Lgr

B/Dgr

quiet

N8

PB/Lgr

N9 precise

PB/Lgr

years to learn-

PB/DI

posed

B/L

feeling.

of

It is

a cool color,

in place

exact.

gance, sedateness, and precision

Moonstone blue conveys

a quiet

and com-

It

light

and when used

gray the effect of noble ele-

to present images that arc subtle, deli-

has a neat quality that

is ver>'

is

accentuated.

appealing.

Ill

PB/L

PB/Gr

Widely used

Slate Blue

Fashion

•

_„iiK>ft

Wf-}^-^.

-'•Si^rtF

Chic

•• •• ••

Interior Design


Lifestyle...

in...

Media

Hlegant

Modern

Typical Color

Combination Images •• •• •• •• •• ••

refined

chic

urbane majestic

polished

aqueous

• • • •

graceful, sleek

sober, aristocratic precise, subtle

eminent, noble E y-HH

I

c

^"îkj,DtJtiDS NOD INST.

PAT. 1106334

RP/Lgr

PB/Gr

N7

P/Lgr

YR/Gr

PB/Vp

PB/Gr

N8

PB/Gr

PB/Gr

you wish

N2

B/Lgr

to create an elegant

impression, this

is

a

good shade

P/Lgr

in

PB/P

N8

PB/Gr

P/Gr

N8

PB/Gr

N8

PB/Dk

precise

PB/Gr

and graceful Remi-

to use.

niscent of a Japanese landscape in the mist,

when used

PB/Gr sober

urbane

majestic

If

P/L

polished

chic

P/Dk

aqueous

graceful

refined

combination with similar tones

N4

PB/Gr

has a polished, subtle majestic, chic effect.

feel

With

and can produce

a

gray, cool or grayish

tones, slate blue projects a refined qualiry.

it

113

PB/DI

PB/Dp

PB/Dk

PB/Dgr Midnight Blue

Widely used

in...

Widely used

Lifestyle.

in...

•••


Casual

•

Modern


__*W WT-lt^--.. PRE^rv

Media

Classic

••

Typical Color

Combination Images

''\

NA

**• *** ** ** **

fascinating

CASUAU

provocative

showy glossy

mysterious

* * *

decorative

amusing dazzling

brilliant, colorful, tropical, ••^,D»5U.DS

PAT. 1106334

dazzling

NCD INST,

gorgeous intense,

noble and elegant

Widely used

in...

P/B

Widely used

Lavender

Fashion

Lifestyle...

in...

Casual

•

Interior Design

Elegant


^Âi^frmx'-..^

Media

••*

Typical Color

Combination Images '~"

—'3

/

''•

glossy

V refined, sleek, brilliant, colorful, alluring,

modern, pure and

R/B

P/B

amusing

glossy

pure and elegant

refined

colorful

R/B

GY/P

amusing

NCD INST,

PAT. 1196334

Y/B

elegant,

N8

PB/P

P/P

P/S

brilliant

P/B

P/B alluring

P/B

Widely used

Lifestyle.

in...

Fashion

Elegant

Interior Design

Romantic


ZISZ^^fxTvF^

.^'''Hî^R

•

Media

Typical Color

Combination Images ••• •••

pure and elegant feminine

•• •• ••

emotional

pure and simple sweet and dreamy

sleek

• • •

fascinating

•

brilliant

tender

•v'N^fLK:

PftT. Iie633.<

pure and simple

sweet and dreamv

tender

» RP/P

R/Vp

P/P

RP/Vp

R/P

P/P

P/P

m

PB/Lgr

pure and elegant

emotional

feminine

N9

M RP/L

P/P

RP/Vp

P/Vp

fascinating

RP/B

P/P

No

other shade convev's an image of purirv'

this reason, its

it

city. Lilac

is

successfully than

lilac.

For

often used for Japanese clothes,

feminine

women who

B/Vp

P/Gr

live a

feel

appeals

to

simple and quiet

possesses sweet, dreamy,

Japanese life

P/P

PB/L

PB/Gr

P/Lgr

sleek

P/P

P/B

P/DI

and elegance more and

P/P

brilliant

in the

and tender

P/P

P/S

qualities

To

and

is

often used in fashion.

create images that are emotional, pure,

simple, sweet, dreamy, and tender, this shade

should be combined with very pale tones. Alternatively, mixing it with red-purple or purple shades gives a fascinating and

brilliant eft'ect.

121

P/Vp

Widely used

P/Lgr

Lifestyle...

in...

Fashion

Starlight Blue

Elegant

•

Interior Design

Chic

Product Design

Media

\'isual

_ju>Hi(Tn t^--,

Typical Color

Combination Images ••• ••• ••• •• •• ••

subtle

CASUAL

^

cultured elegant iCO||->7?^|ft

.

sedate I

>—

noble

<'

chic gentle oEouar'

• • • •

and elegant

feminine, graceful

calm, noble and elegant interesting

NCD INST.

PAT. 1166334

gentle

and elegant

R/Lgr

RP/Vp

P/Lgr

elegant

RP/Vp

P/Lgr

delicate

RP/Lgr

PB/Lgr

P/Lgr

RP/Gr

RP/Lgr

P/Gr

F P/Lgr

subtle

P/L

PB/Gr

P/Vp

noble

cultured

graceful

P/Lgr

sedate

P/Lgr chic

N8

P/Lgr

P/Lgr

PB/Lgr

Widely used

in....

Fashion

Lifestyle...

Elegant

Interior Design


*>w •^rrwt-^.

-~,

.,''<=^=CftP

Media

••

Typical Color

Combination Images graceful

elegant brilliant

tender fashionable interesting

feminine

•••• ••• • •

• • •

emotional, pure and simple, refined, pleasant, glossy, fascinating

^ J--^,D»5tlB Y

PAT. 1186334

NCD INST.

feminine

RP/P

emotional

YR/Vp

P/L

P/Vp

P/L

tender

RP/L brilliant

I

P/Gr Pigeon

Widely used

in...

Widely used

P/Dl Dusty

Lilac

in...

Widely used

Lifestyle...

in...

Fashion

Classic

Interior Design


Media

•

Typical Color

Combination Images gorgeous precious

luxurious

mellou alluring

extravagant

eminent brilliant

fascinating

decorative

NCD INST.

PAT. 1166334

brilliant

colorful

RP/V

Y/V

P/Dp

luxurious

R/Dp

Y/S

gorgeous

P/Dp

••• •• •• •• •• •• • • • •

P/Dp

Widely used

Prune

Fashion

in.

lifestyle. Classic

Interior Design


_&<+« mTTt!---^^

Media

Typical Color

Combination Images ••• •• •• •• •• ••

majestic

mellow classic

traditional

elaborate tasteful

• • • • •

sublime

modest decorative

extravagant

complex PftT.

1106334

mellow

NCD INST.

tasteful

modest

P/Dgr )usky X'iolet

Widely used

in...

RP/V

Widely used

Magenta

Fashion

Lifestyle.

in...

Casual

Interior Design

Product Design

••

Visual Media

Typical Color

Combination Images •••• ••••

provocative tropical

**

showy, vivid colorful, fiery,

••• ••• •• *• **

flamboyant

dazzling

intense,

dynamic

fascinating, glossy

striking

* •

bold, brilliant

mysterious

NCD INST,

PAT. 1186334

dazzling

RP/V

RP/V

Y/V

N9.5

Y/V

G/V

showy

tropical

YR/B

RP/V

flamboyant

vivid

it

BG/S

Y/S

130

GY/V

N1.5

is

popular

in

RP/V

Europe and Ameri-

looks good on white skin.

Men find ma-

N1.5

RP/V

P/Dp

P/V

RP/V

BG/S

black or blue a dynamic and tropical image

is

achieved. This kind of shade has a fiery glow, is both captivating and sexy. Even in Japan, comparison wdth vermilion, crimson is

genta dresses attractive because they create a

that

and provocative effect. Magenta produces a dazzling and flamboyant impact when combined with orange or yellow. With

in

fascinating

B/V

provocative

Y/V

This shade ca, as

Y/V

colorful

dynamic

RP/V

RP/V

charged with emotion.

Widely used Spinner Red

in...

Lifestyle...

Fashion

(Casual

Interior Design

(classic

Product Design X'isuai

Media

••

Typical Color

Combination Images alluring

mysterious brilliant

decorative glossy

Western

complex amusing, abundant

PAT. 1106334

abundant

NCD INST,

••• ••• •• •• • • •

RP/B

Widely used

Rose Pink

Fashion

Lifestyle...

in...

••

Interior Design

•

Product Design

•••

Casual

Visual Media

Typical Color

Combination Images *•* ••• •** ** ** ••

amusing cute

enjoyable

•

happy merr)' childlike

pretty

*

colorful

* •

fascinating

PAT. 1196334

amusing

cute

RP/B

Y/P

BG/B

RP/B

YR/B

merry

happy

P/Vp

fascinating

R7^^^

G/P

childlike

RP/B

RP/B pretty

Y/P

B/P

RP/P

Widely used

Mauve Pink

Fashion

•

Romantic

Interior Design

•

Hlegant

Product Design

*•

X'isual

TinESStefTTTF^

.,'-
in...

Lifestyle.

Media

Typical Color

Combination Images charming

*-k-k-k

sweet and dreamy

••••

innocent

** ## ••

dreamy

-tn,

pretty

tender

feminine

••

soft

-kit

romantic sweet-sour gj^lWDV

PAT. 1196334

NCD INST,

prett\'

RP/P

soft

N9.5

Y/P

YR/Vp

RP/P

sweet

R/P

sweet and dreamv

RP/P

R/Vp

P/P

• •

RP

RPAVp

RP/Lgr Rose Mist

Widely used

in...

RP/L

Widely used

Orchid

Fashion

•

Elegant

••

Interior Design

•


Lifestyle-

in...

••

Media

Typical Color

Combination Images * • *

graceful alluring

glossy

tender, feminine, sedate, pleasant,

Western, nostalgic, sweet- sour

PftT.

1186334

R/Gr

R/Lgr

RP/L

RP/L

GY/Dk

!

RP/L

RP/L

P/S

RP/L

RP/DI

Although an elegant image

is

most graceful of them

all. Its

P/Gr

136

it

P/Vp

RP/DI

RP/Gr

P/DI

RP/L

PB/Dk

RP/L

Western

RP/L

characteristic

PB/Vp

P/DI

It

should not be combined with

vivid, strong

is

or hard tones, as these will detract from the ele-

natural beauty

gant quality of this graceful tone. The shade

gives a pleasant, tender impression,

combined with white or gray and feminine effect.

P/P

gracefiil

of light tones of every hue, this orchid shade the

RP/L

P/L

alluring

glossy

RP/V

P/Vp

sedate

nostalgic

R/Gr

feminine

tender

pleasant

and when

creates a sedate

cannot

easily

convey a clear or sporty feel.

RP/Gr

RP/Dl

Widely used

Old Mauve

Fashion

Lifestyle

in..

Interior Design

Classic

•

Elegant

Product Design \îsual

— «*«r"^--^^_ ^-'«i=eftR

Media

••

Typical Color

Combination Images alluring sleek

complex mellow interesting tasteful classic

extravagant cultured

PAT. 1196334

sleek

NCD INST,

•• •• •• • • • • • *

RP/DP

Widely used

Wine

_JiK*wWr-T^-,

DVh^M.H: E ^-Hf^_I_c_ ZLfiS^. J.C ,D^P>

PAT. 1196334

,'"<5i»£;rtP

in...

RP/Dk Red Grape

Widely used

in...

RP/Dgr laupc Brown

Widely used

in..

N Neutral

Widely used

N9.5


White


Media

Lifestyle.

in...

•••• •••• •••• ••••

Modern Casual

Romantic

Typical Color

ZZr&î^frrFFr::;^

Combination Images ••••• ••••• ••••• ••••• ••••• ••••• •••• •••• •••• ••• ••• •••

cr\'stalline, clear

pure, neat festive,

simple

clean

and

agile,

speedy

fresh

refreshing light, fresh

and young

youthfril, sporty

proper sharp, smart bright, fresh,

PAT. 1196334

romantic

RP/Vp

NCD INST.

*

clear

WTiite

Y/V

N9.5

N8

PB/Dp

N9.5

is

tive feeling.

GY/B

N9.5

it

PB/B

Y/P

PB/L

N9.5

G/B

N9.5

N1.5

sharp

N9.5

and simple color that proand refreshing image. When red,

N9.5

vouthfiil

a clear

combined with yellow or

expresses a fes-

PB/B

t\', it is

BG/V

difficult for

it

to

convey those images

in

the elegant zone in the middle of the image scale.

A sports' tricolor is achie\'ed by the

combination of red, white, and na\y blue. unique properties of white are

If the

skillfully used,

it

easy to create warm-soft and cool-soft color

combinations. However, as white 142

BG/P

B/Vp

fresh

jects a cry^staUine

is

N9.5

simple

sporty

R/V

crystalline

BG/P

G/Vp

N9.5

festive

R/V

Western

romantic

reflects puri-

»

This sample color combination was select-

ed because this

image.

it

shows the wide range covered by

Neutral

N9 Pearl

Gray

Widely used

in...

g

Neutral

N8 p^

Silver

Gray

Widely used

in..

Widely used

Neutral

N7 Silver

Gray

II

in...

Neutral

Widely used

N6


Medium Gray

Product Design

Msual Media

_&->f* *Trr-rr^-^,

Lifestyle.

in...

••• •• ••• ••

Chic

Modern Elegant

Typical Color

Combination Images •• •• ••

solemn provincial

modest

• • • • • • •

intellectual

masculine simple, quiet

and elegant

sublime simple and appealing formal

proper

1106334

PftT.

NCD

INST,

simple and appealing, simple, quiet and elegant intellectual


simple, quiet and elegant

intellectual

GY/Gr

YR/Gr

PB/Vp

Y/Lgr

N6

N6

N8

N6

PB/Dk

solemn

modest

provincial

I Y/DI

N6

Y/Gr

N6

masculine

GY/Gr

R/Dgr

PB/Dgr N6

N2

sublime

formal

'-

GY/Dgr N6

Although

YR/Dk

B/DI

this

shade

is

retains a delicate qualit)'.

even duller in

feel, it

Medium gray suggests

a simple but appealing pro\incial world also conveys a

With

146

black,

it

N6

and

solemn and modest atmosphere. has an intellectual, sublime feel.

PB/Dp

N6

N1.5

•'^

P/Gr

Subtle color combinations can be created by

using

medium

tones. Sober

gray with the grayish or dull

and calm,

simple, quiet, chic image.

this

shade conveys a

Neutral

N5 Medium

(irav

Widely used

in.

Neutral

Widely used

Neutral

N3 Smoke

(irav

II

in...

Neutral

N2 Charcoal Gray

Widely used

in

Widely used

Neutral

Lifestyle...

in...

*•••

Fashion

Modern

Interior Design

*

(Casual

Product Design

*••• ••••

Dandv

X'isual

Media

Typical Color

Combination Images r-

MATURE

,

j

/ ASUrtL

.

bold, intense

^>\

'^

\

forceful,

dynamic

striking,

sharp

COOL-Cff^Hfiery

modern, dynamic and

active

majestic, metallic

MT*

active, robust

proper, formal authoritative, strong

and robust

intrepid

••••• ••••• •••• •••• ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• •• ••

hea\T and deep, solemn

untamed,

stviish

NCD INST.

PAT. 1166334

*

bold

modern

stv'lish

YR/V

N1.5

R/V

Y/V

P/V

striking

Nl

Nl

5

5

strong and robust

metallic

YR/Dgr

N1.6

B/Vp

BG/V

N9

PB/V

5

I RP/V

Nl

BG/V

5

YR/Gr

Black and white convey contrasting images, and black can he used for a range ot hard cfiects that white

cannot produce,

it

can create

N1.5

namism and

PB/DI

sharpness, and

strong feelings.

It is

a bold

it

and

is

N7

asscK'iated with

striking color.

many

images: dynamic, old-fashioned, dapper, formal, mixlern. fields,

It

is

used

in a

wide variety

ot

including fashion and interior and prod-

uct design. Black's

main

characteristics are dy-

•

This sample color combination was chosen it shows the wide range covered by this

because image.

151

Index I This index serves as a reference

list

to look

up the words

describing images according to their position in the image scale pattern.

As words with similar images are grouped together,

this

index can be used to select the words that match a desired

image and the appropriate color. "^ The Combination Image Scale on p. 11 and the Key Wôrd Image Scale on p. 12- 13 are used as references. "^ The letters refer to the color hue and the numbers the IMAGE SCALE PAT. page on which it appears.

PRETTY

cute

childlike

pretty

164

sweet R24 25

7

17

19

27 36 39

54 61

63 69 77

96

DYNAMIC

R25Y48BG84 87 RP 132 YR37RP 133

118

14

133

amusing YR36 GY58 BG88 P 1 1 8 1 20 RP 1 3 1 1 32 R22 24 YR35 36 GY60 G72 casual R28 YR34 Y48 BG82 88 91 B95 PB109 cheerful R24 YR37 Y48 49 colorful R24 BG84 P 1 20 1 27 RP 130 132 dazzling YR34Y46 PI 18 RPl 30 delicious R30 YR34 35 36 43 enjoyable YR34 35 Y48 GY58 G72 BG84 B96 RP 1 32 festive R22 24 GY58 N142 flamboyant YR34 Y46 GY58 G70 7 1 RP 1 30 friendly YR36 37 Y48 50 5 1 GY60 BG87 9 happy R24 RPl 32 merr>' R24 YR36 Y49 G72 RP 1 32 shouT Y46 48 G70 72 BG82 B94 P 1 1 8 RP 1 30

bright

1

40

1

7

tropical

1

75

vivid

YR34 G7 1 79 BG83 84 RP 1 30

Y46 G70 B94 RP 1 30

active BG82 83 B94 boldR22Y46B94N151 47 d\Tiamic R22 Y46 G70 71 RPl 30 48 d\Tiamic and active R22 3 33 YR35 G70 62 fiery RP130N151 64 forceful R22 YR34 80 hotR22Y47 83 intense Y46PB 106 Nl 51 90 lively R22 YR34 36 Y46 G70 PB 06 1 22 provocative G70 72 BG83 B94 P 8 RP 30 54 striking GY58 B96 PB 06 N 5 1 74 vigorous R22 G70 BG82 PB 06 1 1

2

13

1

1

1 1

1

1 1

1

1

1

152

1063J4

R25 Y49 GY60 G73 B97 RP 132 R24 25 Y49 B97 RP 1 32

34 2

CASUAL

1

1

GORGEOUS

abundant R23 32 VR34 35 (i78 80 RP131 alluring R23 30 PI 19 120 127 129 RP131 136 137 138 139 10 aromatic YR35 42 43 44 15 brilliant R24 PI 18 119 120 121 124 126 127RP131 39 37 decorative Y47 55 C,79 BG90 P 8 28 RP 3 57 extravagant R3 Y47 55 P 27 RP 38 39 58 fascinating R23 P 8 2 RP 32 73 glossy R23 PI 18 119 120 RP131 136 74 gorgeous YR36GY58BG88 PI 18 120 RPl 31 132 91 luxurious R23 31 YR35 Y47 P127 RP139 141 94 mature R23 30 Y47 G Y66 67 RP 39 40 4 95 mellow R23 29 30 31 32 Y54 PI 27 128 RPl 38 139 140 1 32 rich R23 3 YR35 Y47 GY67 G80 59 substantial R32 YR44 Y47 RP 1 40 1

5

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

ETHNIC

55GY59 66 68G79BG90 91 92B103P126RP139 G80 B 05 N 150 untamed R23 3 32 33 YR35 43 45 Y56 GY59 67 68 69 G80 BG92 93 1 72 178 wildR33Y55GY66 68G79BG91 55

133

ethnicR31 32Y47 robust R31

1

1

ROMANTIC

1

34

1

48

1

63

1

65

R26 27 YR39 RP 34 YR39 40 charming R26 YR38 G74 B98 RPl 33 134 dreamy YR38 Y50 BG86 B98 PB P 22 RP 33 innocent R26 G Y62 G74 RP 33 34 romantic B98 PB P 22 RP 34 N 42 soft R26 27 YR38 G Y62 63 BG86 P 22 RP 33 supple R26 27 G74 75 BG86 RP 34 35 sweet and dreamy R25 26 P 2 22 RP 33

4


6

amiable R26 27

18

45 8

NATURAL

1

1

1 1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

Y49 GY60

1

1

1

1

G74 76 GY63 64 G75

22

citrus

44

domestic R28 YR37 38 40

46

dryYR39Y51 53 N 143 free YR37 Y50 GY60 61 G73 fresh GY58 60 61 G71 72 73 74 76 BG88 B96 PB108 N142 generous R25 28 YR39 40 Y50 GY64 gentle R26 YR39 Y50 BG86 gentle and elegant R27 28 29 YR40 P 23 RP 34 healthy YR36 Y49 GY58 61 G76 BG85 intimate YR37 38 39 40 Y5 52 lighthearted YR36 37 C]Y59 61 64 G72 BG87 mildR27 28YR38 39RP135 137 natural YR40 Y50 52 G Y59 63 64 nostalgic R29 30 Y53 54 RP 36 open YR36 Y48 49 50 GY58 G72 73 B96 peaceful Y50 GY64 G75 76 77 BG87 B97 100

66 67 70 7

72

78 85

89 98 1

02

1

06

1

08

1

10

61

1

1

1

1

153

1 1 1 1 1

3

1

42

146 162

166 170 177

ELEGANT

16

33

38

Y50 5 1 GY62 63 G75 R28 30 YR39 40 Y5 1 RP 1 34 1 36 restfiil YR37 Y5 1 52 G Y63 64 simple and appealing Y5 1 52 G Y64 65 G75 N 1 45 1 46 smooth R26 27 YR39 sunny R25 YR37 38 GY62 RP134 sweet-sour R25 GY60 61 62 tranquil Y51 GY61 62 63 G75 76 BG91 XI 45 wholesome YR40 Y51 52 GY59 63 64 67 G75 78 79 plain

pleasant

calm GY69 BlOl 105 PBl 17 P129 RP141 N146 147 149 cultured R27 P122 123 RP135 138 N143 delicate YR38 B99 PBl 1 1 P122 123 RP135

101

R29P123 124 125 RP137N145 GY62 PBllO P121 124 RP134 135 137 fashionable G77 PB 1 1 P 1 24 1 25 feminine R25 YR38 P121 122 124 RP133 135 136 graceful R28 PBl 13 P123 124 125 RP135 136 137 interesting R30 Y52 GY59 63 65 G77 78 B 100 PI 24 RP 138 mysterious BG83 88 90 B103 PI 18 1 19 RP131

104

noble

114

polished B99 PBl 09 110 111

124

pure and elegant PB 109

51

53

59

60 75

84

elegant

emotional R28 29

1

BG89B95P123N143 1

12

113N143 P 120 121

PB109 112 113P120 125RP135N144 R29 PBl 10 P123 125 RP136 N143 144 sleek R29P120 121 125 RP135 137 138 160 subtle PBl 1 1 P122 123 125 RP137 N145 168 tender R27 28 BG87 P121 122 124 RP133 136 137 129

refined

137

sedate

CHIC

chic

87

147

GY65 66 P 1 25 modest YR4 1 GY65 P 1 28 N 1 46 noble and elegant BlOO PBl 1 1 PI 19 126 quietG74 77 78 80BG89B99 101 PBl 11 114N143 144 simple, quiet and elegant YR41 42 Y54 GY66 N144 145 146 sober YR41 Y53 GY65 G77 BG89 B 102 PBl 09 113 N144 145 147

157

st>4ishG77BG87B100P126N151

1

00

105

126 143

CLASSIC

23

28 30 50 79

154

YR41 BG89 PBl 13 114 P123RP137N144 145 147 148

20

1

07

1

2

Japanese R29 Y53

YR42 G80 BG93 P128 RP138 140 complex GY67 G78 BG90 RP131 138 conserx-ative YR44 45 Y53 56 GY68 G8 1 BG92 B 1 04 P 1 29 N 1 49 elaborate R31 32 Y54 55 GY67 BG90 91 92 PI 19 128 RP 139 140 heavy and deep R32 YR44 45 Y57 GY67 G8 1 BG93 B 1 05 PB 1 1 RP141 N150 old-fashioned R32 33 YR42 Y54 56 RP 1 40 N 1 50 provincial YR4 1 42 Y52 54 G Y65 N 1 46 1 48 classic

rustic VR42 43 44 V55 57 {;V66 RP141 sturdyVR43 44 45V56BC;93PB117F129RP141 N150 67 tastetiil R30 Y56 57 G Y6« F 28 RF 38 40 69 traditional R32 YR42 43 45 Y56 G Y65 68 69 FB 7 F 28

135

156 1

1

DANDY

1

1

1

1

FB 2 F 9 26 Y55 56 57 Ci8 N 49 35 dapper Y53 57 B 104 42 diligent R30 YR42 Y54 C,\'bb 69 B(,92 52 eminent B99 FB116 Fl 19 126 127 placid R33 YR4 44 Y56 57 G8 B(i93 1 1 9

1

aristocratic

1

1

1

bitter

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

N

1

48

1

YR43 44 45 (iY65 69 G79 80 B102 105 127 quiet and sophisticated R33 YR45 Y54 56 57 (;Y66 68 G81 N149 38 serious R33 Y57 GY69 BG93 F 29 RP 4 X 48 150 sound YR45 Y53 G79 81 N147 strong and robust R33 YR45 Y57 G8 B 05 FB 7 RF 40 N 47 5 1 55 161 subtle and mysterious YR41 Y53 GY68 FBI 12 F125 N148 149 150 115

1

practical

1

1

1

FORMAL

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

179

180

MODERN

29 32

43 56 82

93 97 99 117 1

19

128 139 173

Index

young BlOO 101 102 103 105PB111 113 116N148 youthful Y48 49 GY60 61 G71 72 BG84 B96 PB107 108 N142

composed BlOl 102 103 PBl 10 1 15 X143 cultivated BG85 88 PBl 14 distinguished BG89 B99 101 PB109 1 16 P126 N144 149 exact BG90 92 BlOl 102 PBl 1 1 X147 148 149 intellectual G78BG89 91 BlOO 104 PB107 112 114 116 N144 146 150 masculine GY69 BG93 B95 102 103 104PB107 114 115 116P129 XI 46 metallic BG92 B103 PBl 17 X143 145 151 modern BG82 90 B95 102 PB114 P120 129 X144 151 precise BlOO 101 102 103 105 PBl 11 113 116X148 progressive G73 79 BG82 84 B 105 PB 106 108 1 14 rational B102 104 PBl 15 P129X144 sharp BG82 83 B94 PB106 116 X142 151 urbane G77BG89B99 100 102 104 PBl 07 111 112 113X148

II

This index corresponds to the data base of words describing images on p. 14- 17.

The

which

appears.

1

2 3

it

letters refer to the

color hue and the

numbers the page on

abundant R23 32 YR34 35 G78 80 RP131 active BG82 83 B94 agile BG82 83 B96 103 PB106 115 116

R26 27 YR39 RP134 R23 30 PI 19 120 127 129 RP131 136 137 138 139 6 amiable R26 27 YR39 40 7 amusing YR36 GY58 BG88 P 1 1 8 1 20 RP 1 3 1 1 32

4


5

alluring

8

aqueous YR4 1 BG89 PB 1 1 aristocratic PBl 12 PI 19 126

9

14

YR35 42 43 44 B 1 1 PB 1 1 7 X 1 49 1 50 bitter Y55 56 57 G81 X149 boldR22Y46B94X151 bright R22 24 YR35 36 GY60 G72

15

brilliant

16

calm GY69 BlOl 105 PBl 17 P129 RP141 X146 147 149 casual R28 YR34 Y48 BG82 88 91 B95 PBl 09 charming R26 YR38 G74 B98 RP 1 33 1 34 cheerful R24 YR37 Y48 49 chicYR41BG89PB113 114 P123 RP137 X144 145 147 148 childlike R24 25 Y49 B97 RP 1 32

10 1

12 13

17 1

19

20 2

156

aromatic

authoritative

R24 PI

18

1

19 120 121 124 126 127

RP131

Y49

11

citrus

23

classic

24

clean

C,

V60 6

(^.74

1

76

YR42 G80 BG93 PI 28 RP138 140 BG85 86 B97PB 109

B97 PB106 B97 98 PB 08 X 42 27 colorful R24 BC;84 P 20 27 RP 30 32 28 complex GY67 (^78 B(;90 RP 3 38 29 composed BlOl 102 103 PBl 10 15 X143 30 conserN'ative VR44 45 V53 56 G Y68 (i8 B(i92 B 04 P 29 31 crystalline G75 BG85 86 B96 97 98 PB108 12 N142 32 cultivated BG85 88 PBl 14 25

clean and fresh (iY58 (i71 B(i84 85

26

clear (i74

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

N

1

49

1

R27 P 22 23 RP 35 38 X 43 R25 Y49 GY60 G73 B97 RP 32 dapper Y53 57 B 104 105 dazzling YR34 Y46 P 8 RP 30 decorative Y47 55 G79 BG90 P 8 28 RP 3 39 delicate YR38 B99 PBll 1 P122 123 RP135 delicious R30 YR34 35 36 43 deuy BG88 89 B99 dignified R33G80 81 BlOl 104 PBl 17 P129 X147 diligent R30 YR42 Y54 GY66 69 BG92 XI 48 distinguished BG89 B99 101 PB109 16 P126 X144 149 domestic R28 YR37 38 40 GY63 64 G75 dreamy YR38 Y50 BG86 B98 PB 1 P 1 22 RP 33

33

cultured

34

cute

35

36 37 38 39

40 41

42 43

44 45

1

1

1

1

1

1

1 1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

53X143 dynamic R22 Y46 G70 7 RP 30 48 dynamic and active R22 31 33 YR35 G70 49 earnest B104 PBl 15 116X145 147 50 elaborate R31 32 Y54 55 GY67 BG90 91 92 51 elegant R29 P123 124 125 RP137 X145 46 47

dr\'YR:39Y51

1

1

53

eminent B99 PBl 16 PI 19 126 127 emotional R28 29 G Y62 PB P 2

54

enjoyable

52

1 1

ethnic R31 32

56

exact

57

extravagant R31

59

60 61

62 63

64 65

66 67

PI 19 128 RPl 39 140

24 RP 34 35 37 GY58 G72 BG84 B96 RPl 32 Y47 55 GY59 66 68 G79 BG90 91 92 B 103 PI 26 RPl 39

YR34

55

58

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

35 Y48

BG90 92 BlOl

102 PBll X147 148 149 Y47 55 PI 27 RPl 38 139 fascinating R23 PI 18 121 RPl 32 fashionable G77 PBl 1 P124 125 feminine R25 YR38 PI 21 122 124 RPl 33 135 136 festive R22 24 GY58 XI 42 fiery RPl 30 XI 51 flamboyant YR34 Y46 GY58 G70 71 RPl 30 forceful R22 YR34 formal PBl 16 XI 46 148 150 free YR37 Y50 G Y60 6 G73 fresh GY58 60 61 (i71 72 73 74 76 BG88 B96 PB108 N142 1

1

1

157

and young GY61 G73 74 76 BG85 88 B95 98 PB108 YR36 37 Y48 50 5 1 GY60 BG87 9 70 generous R25 28 YR39 40 Y50 GY64 71 gentle R26 YR39 Y50 BG86 72 gentle and elegant R27 28 29 YR40 PI 23 RP134

G

68

fresh

69

friendly

R23P118 119 120 RP131136 YR36 GY58 BG88P118120RP 131132 75 graceful R28 PBl 13 P123 124 125 RP135 136 137 76 grand YR43 GY67 G76 77 BG83

H

I

73

glossy

74

gorgeous

77

happy

78

healthy

79

heavy and deep R32 YR44 45 Y57

80

RP141 N150 hotR22Y47

R24RP 132 YR36 Y49 GY58

61

G76 BG85 GY67 G81 BG93 Bl 05 PBl 17

GY62 G74 RP 1 33 1 34 G78BG89 91 BlOO 104PB107

8

innocent R26

82

intellectual

112 114

116N144 146 150

Y46 PBl 06 Nl 51 84 interesting R30 Y52 GY59 63 65 G77 78 BlOO PI 24 RP 138 83

intense

85

intimate

86

intrepid

YR37 38 39 40 Y51 52 BG92 B 1 03 RP 1 4

R29Y53GY65

66 PI 25

J

87

L

GY62 PBl 10 89 lighthearted YR36 37 GY59 61 64 G72 BG87 90 lively R22 YR34 36 Y46 G70 PB 1 06 1 1 91 luxurious R23 31 YR35 Y47 P127 RP139 141 92 majestic BG92 PBl 13 P128 RP140 141 N147 93 masculine GY69 BG93 B95 102 103 104 PB107 N146 94 mature R23 30 Y47 GY66 67 RPl 39 140 141 88

M

Japanese light

1

14

1

15

mellow R23 29 30 31 32 Y54 PI 27 128 RPl 38 139 140 mern- R24 YR36 Y49 G72 RP 1 32 97 metallic BG92 B 103 PBl 1 7 N143 145 151 98 mild R27 28 YR38 39 RP 1 35 1 37 99 modern BG82 90 B95 102 PBl 14 P120 129 N144 151 100 modest YR41 GY65 P128 N146 101 mysterious BG83 88 90 B103 PI 18 119 RP131 95

96

N

YR40 Y50 52 GY59 63 64 G74 76 BG85 86 87 PB 1 07 104 nobleBG89B95P123X143

102 1

O

03

noble and elegant BlOO PBl

106

nostalgic

107 109 1

10

1 1

158

neat

105

108

P

natural

1 1

PI 19 126

R29 30 Y53 54 RP136 old-fashioned R32 33 YR42Y54 56 RPl 40 N 150 open YR36 Y48 49 50 GY58 G72 73 B96 pastoral YR43 44 Y52 54 55 GY63 64 65 66 67 68 peaceftil Y50 GY64 G75 76 77 BG87 B97 100 placid R33 YR4 1 44 Y56 57 G8 1 BG93

1

16 P129

(0

A 239

:tiffi2,000R

ISBN4-7700-1564-X C0070 P2000E

Color Image Scale - Kobayashi, Shigenobu, 1925

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