INDEX
s.no.
topics
Page no.
1
certificate
2
2
acknowledgment acknowledgment
3
3
Aim of the project
4
4
introduction
5
5
theory 1)TEST FOR CARBOHYDRATES CARBOHYDRATES *BENEDICTS TEST
6
*FEHLINGS TEST
7
2)TEST FOR Bicarbonates Bicarbonates
8
3) TEST FOR FATS
8
4) TEST FOR PROTEINS
9
5) TEST FOR CALCIUM
10
6) TEST FOR IRON
11
7) TEST FOR AMMONIA
12
6
Reactions
13-14
7
Observations
15-26
8
Result
27
9
Harmful effects of fats
28
CERTIFICATE This is to certify certify that this this project report report entitled “ TO
STUDY ABOUT THE VARIOUS NUTRIENTS PRESENT IN BISCUIT ” submitted to mrs charanjeev chopra, is a bonafide record of work done by saatvik goel ” under my supervision
Mrs. charnjeev charnjeev chopra
(chemistry teacher)
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I take this opportunity to express my profound gratitude and deep regards to my guide (mrs
charanjeev chopra) for his exemplary guidance, monitoring and constant encouragement encouragement throughout the course of this thesis. The The blessing, help and guidance given by him time to time shall carry me a long way in the journey of life on which I am about to embark.
I also take this opportunity to express a deep sense of gratitude to Mr.
Ram vilas sir for for his cordial
support, valuable valuable information information and guidance, guidance, which helped me in completing this task through various stages.
Lastly, I thank almighty, my parents, brother, sisters and friends for their constant encouragement encouragement without which this assignment assignment would would not be possible. possible.
Aim To DETACT THE ESSENTIAL NUTRIENTS PRESENT IN BISCUIT AND WRITE THE OBSERVATIONS
INTRODUCTION A BISCUT IS BAKED IN EDIBLE OIL AND COMMONLY FLOUR BASED PRODUCT GENERALLY BISCUIT CONTAIN WHEAT FLOUR HYROGENATED OIL AND GLUCOSE TO SELL THEIR THEIR PRODUCTS AND AND TO COMPETE COMPETE WITH OTHER OTHER BRANDS MANY COMPANIES WRITE ESSENTIAL NUTRIENTS IN THEIR PRODUCTS PACKAGING WHICH WHICH ARE NOT ACTUALLY ACTUALLY PRESENT IN THEM IN ORDER TO ATTRACT CUSTOMERS
SO MOTIVE OF OUR PROJECT IS TO DETECT DETECT NUTRIENTS IN A BISCUIT
THEORY Test for carbohydrate carbohydrates: s:
1) BENEDICTS REAGENT TEST Take about about 1 ml of the the aqueous solution solution of the the biscuit in a test tube. Add around 2ml of benedicts reagent ( a sol. Of sodium sodium citrate and sodium carbonate mixed mixed with a sol. Of copper sulphate).boil the mixture and allow it to cool
The formations formations of red precipitate precipitate indicates indicates the presence of carbohydrates
2) FEhLING S ’S EFFECT TAKE ABOUT ABOUT 2ML OF AQUEOUS AQUEOUS SOLUTIONSOF SOLUTIONSOF THE BISCUIT AND ADD 1-2 ML OF FEHLINGS SOUTION A AND FHELINGS SOLUTION B.KEEP RHE TEST TUBE IN BOILING WATER BATH
Fehling's A- is a blue aqueous solution of copper(II) sulfate Fehling's B is a clear and colorless solution of aqueous potassium sodium tartrate tartrate and a strong strong alkali
THE FORMATION FORMATION OF RED PPTS. PPTS. INDICATES THE PRESENCE OF CARBOHYDRATES
TEST FOR BICABONATES BICABONATES : TO A PINCH OF THE THE AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF BISCUIT BISCUIT ADD DILUTE DILUTE HCL
BRISK EFFERVESCENCE INDICATES THE PRESENCE OF INSOLUBLE CARBONATES
TETS FOR FATS: FATS: SOLUBILITY TEST TAKE SOME AMOUNT OF BISCUIT BISCUIT POWDER IN THE TEST TUBE AND ADD WATER TO IT SHAKE WELL A LARGE NUMBER OF DROPLETS SEEN INDICATES THE PRESENCE OF FATS
TAKE SOME AMOUNT OF BISCUIT BISCUIT POWDER TEST TUBE AND AND ADD 2ML OF CONCENTRATED NITRIC ACID(HNO 3) INTO IT AND HEAT IT. formation of
indicate the
presence of protiens.
2. BIURET TEST
TAKE SOME BISCUIT POWDER POWDER IN A TEST TEST TUBE. ADD ADD 2-3ml OF NAOH INTO IT AND 4-5 DROPS OF 1% 1% SOLUTION OF CUSO CUSO 4. COLORATION INDICATES THE PRESENCE OF PROTIENS.
AMMONIUM OXALATE TEST:
TAKE 2ML OF OF THE AQUEOUS AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF OF THE BISCUIT IN A TEST TUBE TUBE AND ADD 1-2ML 1-2ML OF AMMONIUM OXALATE[(NH 4)2C2O4]. THEN ADD LITTLE AMOUNT OF NH 4OH TO IT.
formation of of CALCIUM IONS.
indicate the presence
TAKE 2ML OF OF THE AQUEOUS AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF OF THE BISCUIT IN A TEST TUBE TUBE AND ADD POTTASIUM POTTASIUM FERROCYANIDE FERROCYANIDE SOLUTION. SOLUTION. formation of
indicate the presence of
IRON.
TAKE 2ML OF OF THE AQUEOUS AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF OF THE BISCUIT IN A TEST TUBE TUBE AND ADD POTTASIUM POTTASIUM SULPHOCYANIDE SULPHOCYANIDE SOLUTION. SOLUTION. formation of of IRON.
indicate the presence
TAKE ABOUT ABOUT 2ML OF THE THE AQUEOUS SOLUTION SOLUTION OF THE THE GIVEN SAMPLE OF BISCUIT BISCUIT AND ADD 1- 2mL of nessLer’s reAgent.
: AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF POTASSIUM IODIDE, MERCURIC CHLORIDE AND POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE.
FORMATION OF PRESENCE OF AMMONIUM IONS.
INDICATES THE
RCHO + 2Cu2+ + 4OH --- RCOOH + Cu2O + 2H2O
C6H12O6 + 2Cu(OH)2 + NaOH-
C6H11O7-Na+ + 3H20 + Cu20
NaHCO3 + HCL --
NaCl + H20 + CO2 (BRISK EFFERVESCENCE)
(CH3COO)2Ca + (HN4)2C2O4 --
2CH3COONH4 + CaC2O4 (WHITE PPT.)
4FeCl3 + 3K 4[Fe(CN)6] ----
12KCl + Fe[Fe(CN)6]3 (PRUSSIAN BLUE PPT.)
2K 2HgI4 + NH3 + 3KOH ---
H2N.HgO.HgI
Observation
Parle-g
Analysis of Parle-g: s.no 1)
2)
3) 4)
5) 6)
7)
Nutrients
Carbohydrates:
Bicarbonates:
Protiens Calcium
Iron fats
ammonia
observations observations
inference
On treating with benedicts reagent red ppt. was formed On performing the fehling test red ppt. was formed
Carbohydrates are present.
On performing test carbonates,brisk effervescence is formed Onperforming protiens test deep blue color is seen
Bicarbonate is formed
On performing ammonium oxalate test white ppt. is formed On performing the test for iron iron blue ppt. is not formed
Calcium is present
On performing test for fats greasy spot is produced produced on filter paper On per forming nesslers nesslers reagent reagent test ,brown ,brown ppt is not formed formed
Carbohydrates are present.
Protiens are present
Iron is absent
Fats are Present
Ammonia is absent
Conclusion The given sample of
biscuit shows the
following result:
Carbohydrates:-
present
Bicarbonates-:
present
Protiens-
present
Calcium-
present
Iron-
absent
Fats-
present
Ammonia-
absent
Hide & seek
Analysis of hide & seek S.no.
1)
2)
nutrients
observations
inference
On treating with benedicts reagent red ppt is formed
Carbohydrates are present.
On performing fehling test red ppt is formed
Carbohydrates are present
On performing test for bicarnonates brisk effervescence is produced
Bicarbonate is formed
Onperforming protiens test deep blue color is seen
Protiens are present
On performing ammonium oxalate test white ppt. is not formed formed
Calcium is Absent
On performing the test for iron blue ppt. is not formed
Iron is absent
Fats are present
fats
On performing test for fats greasy spot is produced on filter paper
ammonia
On per forming nesslers reagent test ,brown ppt is not formed formed
Ammonia is Absent
carbohydrates
bicarbonates
3) Protiens 4) calcium 5) Iron 6)
7)
Conclusion The given sample of
biscuit shows
the following result: result:
Carbohydrates:-
present
Bicarbonates-:
present
Protiens-
present
Calcium-
absent
Iron-
absent
Fats-
present
Ammonia-
absent
Tiger
Analysis of tiger: S.no.
1)
2)
nutrients
observations
Inference
On treating with benedicts reagent red ppt is formed
Carbohydrates are present.
On performing fehling test red ppt is formed
Carbohydrates are present
On performing test for bicarnonates brisk effervescence is produced
Bicarbonate is formed
Onperforming protiens test deep blue color is seen
Protiens are present
On performing ammonium oxalate test white ppt. is formed
Calcium is Present
On performing the test for iron blue ppt. is formed
Iron is present
Fats are present
fats
On performing test for fats greasy spot is produced on filter paper
ammonia
On per forming nesslers reagent test ,brown ppt is not formed formed
Ammonia is Absent
carbohydrates
bicarbonates
3) Protiens 4) calcium 5) Iron 6)
7)
Conclusion
The given sample of
biscuit shows the
following result:
Carbohydrates:-
present
Bicarbonates-:
present
Protiens-
present
Calcium-
present
Iron-
present
Fats-
present
Ammonia-
absent
Good day
Analysis of good day:
S.no.
1)
2)
nutrients
Observations
inference
On treating with benedicts reagent red ppt is formed
Carbohydrates are present.
On performing fehling test red ppt is formed
Carbohydrates are present
On performing test for bicarnonates brisk effervescence is produced
Bicarbonate is formed
Onperforming protiens test deep blue color is seen
Protiens are present
On performing ammonium oxalate test white ppt. is formed
Calcium is present
On performing the test for iron blue ppt. is not formed
Iron is absent
Fats are present
fats
On performing test for fats greasy spot is produced on filter paper
ammonia
On per forming nesslers reagent test ,brown ppt is not formed formed
Ammonia is absent
carbohydrates
bicarbonates
3) Protiens 4) calcium 5) Iron 6)
7)
Conclusion The given sample of
biscuit shows the
following result:
Carbohydrates:-
present
Bicarbonates-:
present
Protiens-
present
Calcium-
present
Iron-
absent
Fats-
present
Ammonia-
absent
result Carbohydrates:-
present in all
Bicarbonates-:
present in all
Proteins-
present in all
Calcium-
present in all Except hide&seek
Iron-
absent in all Except tiger
Fats-
present in all
Ammonia-
absent in all
Harmful effects of eating fats Saturated fatty acids are a major risk risk factor for heart attacks and strokes. Diets high in saturated fatty acids increase increase the production production of acetate fragments in the body which, in turn, leads to an increase in the production of cholesterol. When consumed, saturated fats tend to clump together and form deposits in the body, along with protein and cholesterol. They get lodged in blood cells and organs, leading to many health problems, problems, including obesity, obesity, heart diseases, and cancers of the breast and colon. The build-up in the arteries arteries can cause a narrowing of the arteries, arteries, called atherosclerosis, atherosclerosis, which consequently can lead to major heart problems. problems.
