Chap Chapter ter 2: Th Thee Stru Struct ctur uree ofth ofthee Atom Atom
(DefillitiOi1,-;'':;~~-T-'I-'i'-'£-' II A . K n o w le d g e - a - i l- d - 4 ' ,- . a - c - t - s , ~,~, I 1)
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2)
Stat State e the the kinet kinetic ic theo theory ry of matt matter er,, Stat State e one one exam exampl ple e to supp suppor ortt the the kine kineti tic c theo theory ry of mat matte terr What are are
a te ::!,
rrJol rrJolecu ecule le and ion? ion?
f 3)
What What is melti elting ng poin point? t?
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4)
Defi Define ne prot proton on numb number er and and nucle nucleon on numb number er,,
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State State the the meani meaning ng of isotop isotopes, es,
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Stat State e the the uses uses of isot isotop opes es such such as car carbo bonn-14 14
r'B--:-Unders r'B--:-Understandi tandin~ n~ ; Application
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7)
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10) , 10)
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and and cobal cobaltt-60 60..
/Ana!y~.i~
Expl Explai ain n why why the the temp temper erat atur ure e
rema remain ins s unch unchaa-ng ng-e -e-o -o~' -d-u-ri-ng-th-e-m-e-it-ir-,g-p-ro-c-e-s-s~. ~' ------------.,
Expla Explain in why why the temp tempera eratur ture e
remai remains ns unchan unchanged ged diJi'ing the freezi freezing ng proce process. ss.
I ,II
A soli solid d compo compoun und d is heat heated ed unti untill it conv conver erts ts into into gas gas.. Expl Explai ain n the the chang changes es in ener energy gy cont conten ent, t, forces forces of attrac attracti tion on betw between een the parti particl cles, es, and and arrange arrangeme ment nt of parti particl cles" es"
I
Stat State e the the main main suba subato tomi mic c part partic icle les s of an atom atom.. Comp Compar are e and and cont contra rast st the the rela relati tive ve atom atomic ic mass mass and and the rela relati tive ve char charge ge of the the suba subato tomi mic c parti particle cles s of the the atom. atom.
II
11) ~; Al the symbol symbol of alumini aluminium um.. Al is the (a) Dete Determ rmine ine the number number of neut neutron ron of alumi aluminiu nium. m. (b) Draw Draw the electro electron n arrang arrangem ement ent of alum alumini inium um..
C. Synt Synthe hesi siss (Ex (Ex erime eriment nt)) 12) 12) Soli Solid d Z has has a melt meltin ing g poin pointt o'f6 o'f65° 5°C. Desc Descri ribe be a lab labor orat ator ory y expe experi rime ment nt to det deter ermi mine ne poin pointt of Z. Z. Your Your answ answer er shou should ld show show how how the the melt meltin ing g poin pointt of Z is is dete determ rmin ined ed.. 13) 13) Compo Compoun und d \/V \/V has has a free freezi zing ng poin pointt of 82° 82°C. Desc Descri ribe be a iab iabor orat ator ory y free freezi zing ng poin pointt of W.
expe experi rime ment nt
the the melt meltin ing g
to det deter ermi mine ne
the the
· Chap Chapte terr 3: Chem Chemic ical al Form Formul ulae ae and and E~tions
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/A. /A. Know Knowle ledg dgee (j)e (j)efi fini niti tion on,, mean meanin ing g and and fact facts) s) r 1) .State th e meaningof'relatlveatomlC - m a s s based -oncarbon-12 scale. 2
) sDteft sDteftine inetha tha mole_ . f I 3 a e e mean meanin ing g 0 mo ar mass
1
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4)
\5; \5;
16)
State the meaning of molar volume of gas_ State State the meanin meaning g of empiric empirical al formu formula la I
State the meaning of molecular formula.
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7) Explain Explain why we couldn couldn't't determ determine ine the empiri empirical cal formula formula of copper( copper(lI) lI) oxide oxide by heatin heating g copper copper powder in a crucible.
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8) Compar Compare e and contr contrast ast empiri empirical cal formul formula a with with molecu molecular lar formula formula using using ethane ethane as an example example..
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IB.-cUnderstanding
/ Analysis
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/ Application
19
)
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Vinega Vinegarr is a dilute dilute ethanoic ethanoic acid with with a molecula molecularr formul formula a of CH3COOH (a) Find the empirical formula of ethanoic ethanoic acid. (b) Find the the percentage percentage composition composition by mass of carbon in ethanoic acid
10) 3.6 g of carbon reacted with 0.8 g of hydrogen to form a compound. (a) Determine Determine the empirical formula formula of the the compound formed. formed. (b) Given Given that the relati relative ve molecul molecular ar mass mass of the compoun compound d is 88 g, find find its molecula molecularr formul formula. a. [Relative atomic mass: C ,12; H, 1] 11) Hydrogen Hydrogen Gas is reacted reacted 'vvith20 'vvith20 g of hot copper(ll copper(ll)) oxide oxide powder powders s to produce produce solid solid copper copper and'vvater. (a) Write the chemical equation equation for the reaction. (b) Calculate Calculate the maximum mass of solid copper formed. formed. [Relati [Relative ve atomic atomic mass: Cu, 64; 0,16; 0,16; H,1] H,1]
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sJ:~t~~ sJ:~t~~~sa ~sa \;~~:~~ \;~~:~~~::~ ~::~eri erimen mentt to determ determine ine the empiric empirical al formu formula la of magnes magnesium ium oxide. oxide. Your answer answer should include all the precautions precautions and calculations calculations involved. involved. [Relative atomic mass: Mg, 24; 0,16]
L_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
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Chapt Chapter er 4: Peri Period odic ic Table Table of Elem Element ents s !
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J.. . ..J .•..••..•.•. /n . t' t' :n :n ii- 44- : T .T .l. ~__ ~I .•.....J J.I I tlUII, It; \JJ'~ -.&-UUlYIl:U f t . .
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Stat State e the the basi basic c prin princi cipl ple e of arr arran angi ging ng the the elem elemen ents ts in the the Peri Period odic ic Tabl Table e from from its its pro proto ton n
number Stat State e the phys physic ical al prop proper ertties ies
of Grou Group p 1.
11
1
Check
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Chapt Chapter er 4: Peri Period odic ic Table Table of Elem Element ents s !
J.. . ..J .•..••..•.•. /n . t' t' :n :n ii- 44- : T .T .l. ~__ ~I .•.....J J.I I tlUII, It; \JJ'~ -.&-UUlYIl:U f t . .
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Check
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Stat State e the the basi basic c prin princi cipl ple e of arr arran angi ging ng the the elem elemen ents ts in the the Peri Period odic ic Tabl Table e from from its its pro proto ton n
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number
I 2)
5)
Stat State e the phys physic ical al prop proper ertties ies
of Grou Group p 1.
State State three three specia speciall proper propertie ties s of transi transitio tion n ele elemen ments? ts?
Understanding! g! Application Application B. Understandin
I
Analysis
;~X in Peri Period odic ic Tabl Table. e. Expl Explain ain your your answ answer er..
/6) /6)
Stat State e the the pos posit itio ion n of elem elemen entt
I 17)
When When acro across ss Peri Period od 3 from from sodI sodIum um to argo argon, n, the the atomi atomic c size size decre decreas ases es
When acro across ss Peri Period od 3 from from sodi sodium um to argo argon, n, the the eie eiect ctro rone nega gati tivi vity ty i 8) When I
I
9)
110) _111)
The The reac reacti tivi vity ty of Grou Group p 1 incr increa ease ses s
Expl Explai ain n why why
when when goin going g down down the the group group.. Expl Explai ain n why. why.
Why Why heliu helium m gas gas is not not reacti reactive ve? ? burntt in oxy oxyge gen n 1. X in burn
What What is the the prop proper eriy iy of the the solu soluti tion on form formed ed? ?
and and the the prod produc uctt is diss dissol olve ved d Expl Explai ain n Why. Why.
13) 13) Chlor Chlorin ine e gas gas is diss dissol olve ved d in wat water er.. What What can can you you obse observ rve e if a piec piece e of blu blue e litm litmus us pape paperr is imm immer erse sed d
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incr increa ease ses s
when when goin going g dovv dovv'n 'n the the grou group. p. Expl Explai ain n why. why.
The reac reacti tivit vity y of Grou Group p 17 decr decrea ease ses s
an elem elemen entt from from Grou Group p 112) X is an
II
Expl Explai ain n why. why.
in wat water er..
into into the the solu solut! t!on on form formed ed? ?
Explain Explain why. why.
element nt from from Grou Group p 1. Pred Predic ictt the the chemic chemica! a! reac reacti tion on of W with with:: I14) \/V \/V is an eleme a) wat water, er, II
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b)
g~~~~~
obse observ rvat atio ion n
~C. Sy Synthesis (Experlment,---
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, II
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15) 15) Descr Describ ibe e a labo labora rato tory ry
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and and wnte wnte the chemi chemica call equa equati tion on Invo Involve lve
expe experi rime ment nt
- - -----
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to com compa pare re the the reac reacti tivi vity ty of ele eleme ment nts s
~ ~ ---
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in Grou Group p 1. i1th i1thiu ium, m,
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sodium sodium and potassium potassium
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16) 16) Desc Descri ribe be a lab labor orat ator ory y expe experi rime ment nt to comp compar are e the the reac reacti tivi vity ty of chlo chlori rine ne,, brom bromin ine e and and iodi iodine ne in the the reac reacti tion on with with iron iron wool wool.. Stat State e the the obser observa vati tion on and and writ write e the the chem chemic ica! a! equa equati tion ons s invo involv lve e in
reactions.
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Chap Chapte terr 5: Chem Chemic ical al Bond Bonds s
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Chap Chapte terr 5: Chem Chemic ical al Bond Bonds s : A. Knowle Knowled d e (Def (Defini initio tion, n, mean!n mean!n and facts) facts) 1) What What is is anio anion? n?
B. Understand Understandin in
I Appli~C!.tionI Anal Anal
sis
5) Explai Explain n why sodi sodium um chlorid chloride e ¢:f1 conduct electricity in aqueous state but cannot conduct elec lectrici icity in soli solid d state. "" 6) Magnes Magnesium ium chloride chloride and hydrogen hydrogen chlori chloride de are two compoun compounds ds of chlor chlorine. ine. ,~.troom condition rnagnesiunl chloride exists as a solid but hydrogen chloride exists as a gas. Exp!ain t
8) By using using exampl example, e, descri describe be the forma formatio tion n of cova covalen lentt bond bond between between element element from from Group Group 14 and element element from Group 17. C. Synthesis Synthesis
,9)
Draw Draw elect electron ron arrang arrangeme ement nt of the compou compound nd formed formed from the the follow following ing elemen elements. ts. ~itr?gen ~itr?gen an,dhydrogen, an,dhydrogen, I oJ lvarDo lvarDon n ana oxygen, oxygen, I I c) Magn Magnes esiu ium m and chlo chlori rine ne,, 'd) Carbon and hydrogen, II ~) iYdrOgen iYdrOgen and chlorine, chlorine, ~odium and oxygen.
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(:hapter (:hapter 6: Electrochemist Electrochemistry ry !
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I A. ftno,\:v_h~a~ipelliiit~~n~meaning and and fact facts) s)
11)
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$tat $tate e the the meani meaning ng of ele elect ctro rolyt lyte. e.
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State State the meaning meaning of elect electrol rolysi ysis. s.
<3"1»)
State State three three :.;:;~ :.;:;~tor tors s affect affecting ing electr electroly olysis sis
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l B . Understanding 4)
Applicatio tion! n! I Applica
cf
an aque aqueous ous soluti solution on
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Analys Analysis is J J
Expl Explai ain n why why solu soluti tion on of hydr hydrog ogen en chlo chlond nde e In water water can can condu conduct ct elect electri rici city ty hydr hydrog ogen en chlo chlori ride de in meth methyl yl ben benze zene ne cann cannot ot condu conduct ct elec electr tric icit ity? y?
but but solut solutIo Ion n of
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5)
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By usi using ng exam exampl ple, e, expl explai ain n how how the the follo followi wing ng fact factor ors s can can dete determ rmin ine e ions at the electro electrodes des..
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a) Types Types of of eiec eiectro trode des, s,
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b)
Conc Concen entr trat atio ion n
the the sele select ctiv ive e disc discha harg rge e
of
of the the ion ions. s.
1
I 6)
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7)
Desc Descri ribe be the the extr extrac acti tion on
18)
Draw Draw the the struct structur ure e
of alum alumini inium um
by elec electr troly olysi sis. s.
of Danie Daniellll ceil ceil and and expl explain ain how how it can can piOdu piOduce ce elec electr tric icit ity. y.
I
19)
Draw the structure of a dry cell and explain how it ca~~oduce
e!_e_c_t_ri_ci_ty_.
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! C. Synthesis
_ . _ ,~----_.~_ _ 10) 10) Descr Describe ibe a lab labor orat ator ory y expe experi rimen mentt to ext extra ract ct lead lead from from lead( lead(ll) ll) oxid oxide e by usi using ng elec electr trol olys ysis. is. ..
11) 11) Descr Describe ibe a lab labor orat ator ory y expe experi rime ment nt to show show that that typ types es of elec electr trode odes s disc discha harg rge e of ions ions in elec electr troly olysis sis of copp copper er(i (il) l) sulp sulpha hate te solu soluti tion on
affe affect cting ing the the sele select ctive ive
12) 12) You You are are give given n magne magnesi sium um ribb ribbon on,, copp copper er plat plate, e, magne magnesi sium um nitra nitrate te solu soluti tion on,, copp copper er(l (lI) I) 3 sulp sulpha hate te solut solution ion,, conn connec ecti ting ng wires wires with with crocod crocodile ile clips clips,, 250 250 cm beak beaker er,, volt voltme mete terr and and poro porous us pot. Cons Constr truc uctt a.vo a.volt ltai aic c cel! cel! by usin using g the the abov above e mate materi riai ais. s. Expla Explain in how how the volt voltaiC aiC cell cell can can produc produce e eiec eiectr trici icity ty.. Your Your answ answer er must must inciu inciude de obse observ rvat atio ion n half half equa equati tion ons s for for reacti reaction on at anod anode e and and cath cathod ode e 13) 13) Desc Descri ribe be a labo labora rato tory ry
expe experi rimen mentt
to cons constr truc uctt the the elec electr troc oche hemic mical al
copper, zinc and lead.
Cha Cha ter ter 7: Acid Acidss and and Base Basess and Cha Cha ter ter 8: Salt Saltss A. Knm'l1Jedge (Defin (Definitio ition, n, meanin meaning g and facts) 1)
Stat State e the the mean meanin ing g of aci acid d and and alka alkali li,,
seri series es of magne magnesi sium, um,
and
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Cha Cha ter ter 7: Acid Acidss and and Base Basess and Cha Cha ter ter 8: Salt Saltss A. Knm'l1Jedge (Defin (Definitio ition, n, meanin meaning g and facts) 1)
Stat State e the the mean meanin ing g of aci acid d and and alka alkali li,,
5)
What What is prec precip ipit itat ate e
reac reacti tion on? ?
Unders rsta tand ndin in / An lica licati tion on / Anal Anal sis sis I B. Unde The pH valu value e of solu soluti tion on ammo ammoni nia a in wate waterr is 9 but but the the pH val value ue I 6) The
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tric trichl hlom omet etha hane ne I
7)
I
of solu soluti tion on of ammo ammoni nia a is 7. Expl Explai ain n why why the the pH valu values es of the the two solut solutio ions ns are are diff differ eren ent. t.
3
3
80 cm of dist distiH iHed ed wate waterr is add added ed to 20 crn crn of the dilute dilute soluti solution. on.
2.0
in
3
fll01drn- so'u so'uti tion on of HeL Find the the molar molarit ity y of HeL Find
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I8)
I I 9) \
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3
3
In a titr titra atio tion, 40 cm cm of 0.25 0.25 moldmmoldm- pota potass ssiu ium m hydr hydrOX OXid ide, e, KOH KOH solu soluti tion on is need needed ed to 3 neutra!ise 20 cm of nitr nitric ic acid acid,, HN0 HN03. Calc Calcul ulat ate e the the mola molari rity ty of the the nitr nitric ic acid acid,, HN0 HN0 3 Give Given n dilu dilute te nitr nitric ic acid acid and and dilu dilute te sulp sulphu huri ric c acid acid have have the the same same conc concen entr trat atio ion n of 0.5 0.5 moldm moldm'3 '3 In 3 3 a neutr neutrali alisat sation ion experi experimen ment, t, 20 cm of nitri nitric c acid acid is requ require ired d to neutral neutralise ise 20 cm of sodium 3 3 hydr hydrox oxid ide e solu soluti tion on but but only only 10 cm of sulp sulphu huri ric c acid acid is requ requir ired ed to neutr neutral alis ise e 20 cm of sodium sodium hydr hydrox oxid ide e solu soluti tion on.. Expl Explai ain n why why
I e . Synthesis 110)
Descri Describe be a chemic chemical al test test to deter determin mine e
a
give given n solu soluti tion on is an an acid acid solu soluti tion on..
11) 11) Desc Descri ribe be a labo labora rato tory ry expe experi rime ment nt to dete determ rmin ine e the the conc concen entr trat atio ion n of sodi sodium um hydr hydrox oxid ide e by usin using g 3 titr titrat atio ion n proc proces ess. s. You You are are given given 0.2 0.2 mold moldmm- of dilu dilute te sulp sulphu huri ric c acid acid,, phen phenol olph phth thal alei ein, n, bure burett tte, e, pipett pipette e and conica conicall flask flask Desc Descri ribe be how how to pre prepa pare re sodi sodium um chlo chlori ride de solu soluti tion on of 0.2 J by using using 250 cm volume volumetri tric c flask. flask.
You are are give given n soii soiid d sodi sodium um chlo chlori ride de.. i2) You moldm-
3
in lab labor orat ator ory y
16) Solid Solid \N is a sal salt. t. Desc Descri ribe be the the tests tests you you woul would d carr carry y out out to conf confir irmt mthe he and and niti nitiat ate e ions ions in the the salt salt? ?
pres presen ence ce of zin zinc c ions ions
17) Solid Solid X is a met metal al carb carbon onat ate. e. Desc Descri ribe be the the tests tests you you would would carr carry y out out to conf confir irm m that that X consists of carbon carbonate ate ions ions beside besides s heatin heating. g. "18) "18) You You are are give given n four four test test tube tubes s fine fined d with with soiu soiuti tion on cons cons!s !stt of zin zinc c ions ions;; lead lead(i (ii) i) ions ions}} alur alurni nini nium um ions ions and magn iu io tiv€ tiv€iy iy De ib the the tests tests u \j\{ Jdcar t to conf confir ir th
I 1
Chap Chapter ter 9: Manu Manufac factu tured red
Subs Substan tance ce in Ind Indus ustry try
(Defini.tio .tioll, ll, meaning meaning and facts) facts) K~owiedg iedge e (Defini i A. K~ow 1) What What is the meanin meaning g of allo alloy? y? State the aims of making alloys. 2) What What is the meaning meaning of compos composite ite material materials? s? State the componen components ts of the following following composite composite materials materials:: a) Reinforce Reinforced d concrete concrete,, b) Supercon Superconducto ductor, r, c) Fib Fibreoptic reoptic,,
d) Fibre Fibre glass, glass, e) P~otoc P~otochro hromic mic glass. glass. 3) State the catalyst, catalyst, temperatur temperature e and pressure pressure of the following following process: process: a) (a) (a) Contac Contactt proces process s b) (b) (b) Haber Haber proc process ess 4) Ifllha Ifllhatt is the the meaning meaning of polymer polymers? s? Name the monomer of po!ythene and poiyviny! c.hloride
. B. Und Unders ersta tand nding ing / App Applic licat ation ion / Analy Analysis sis I 7) Bronze Bronze is an alloy alloy consists consists of copper and tin. Explain Explain why bronze bronze is harder than than copper copper
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I 8)
Explai Explain n how acid acid rain is forme formed. d. Describe Describe how acid rain causes causes environme environmental ntal pollution pollution..
9)
Explain Explain the indust industrial rial process process involved involved in the manufa manufacture cture of sulphuric sulphuric acid. acid. Write Write all the the chemical chemical equation equations s involve. involve.
[
Ii I
I 10) Explain Explain the industrial industrial process process involved involved in the the manufact manufacture ure of ammonia ammonia gas.
VVritea!!the VVritea!!the chemical chemical equation equations s involve. involve.
c . Svnthesis 11) Describe Describe a laborato laboratory ry experime experiment nt to prepare prepare ammoniu ammonium m sulphate sulphate (ammoniu (ammonium m fertiliser fertiliser))
I A.
Cha Cha
ter ter 10: 10: Rat Ratee of Reac Reacti tion on ¥.no ¥.now! w!ed edge ge (Def (Defin init itio ion, n,
mean meanin ing g
1)
What What is rate rate of reac reacti tion on? ?
2)
What What is stat stated ed in the the coll collis isio ion n theo theory ry? ?
B. Understandin
Iication / Anal
sis
Expl Explai ain n how how surf surfac ace e area area (siz (size e of rea react ctan ant) t) can can incr increa ease se the the rate rate of reac reacti tion on base based d on coll collis isio ion n theory. .
51 1
I 6\
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/A
and and fact facts) s)
E x ! ) , lain lain how temo,erat temo,eratur ure e can increa increase se the the rate rate of reac reacti tion on based based on coili coilisi sion on tileory.
I
17) I
Expl Explai ain n how how cata cataly lyst st can can incr increa ease se the the rate rate of react reactio ion n base based d on co!! co!!is isio ion n theo theory ry
8)
I
3
Expl Explai ain n why why hydr hydroc ochl hlor oric ic acid acid of 2,0 2,0 moid moidmm- is reac reacte ted d fast faster er with with zinc zinc comp compar are e to 3 hydro hydroch chlo loric ric acid acid of 0.5 0.5 moidr moidrnn-
I c. Synthesis 9)
1\10)
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Hypo Hypoth thes esis is:: The The smal smalle lerr the the size size of reac reacta tant nt,, the the high higher er the the rate rate of rea react ctio ion. n. Desc Descri ribe be a lab labor orat ator ory y expe experi rime ment nt to con confi firm rm the the hypot hypothe hesi sis s by usi using ng the the react reactio ion n calci calcium um carbo carbona nate te and and hyd hydroc rochl hlor oric ic acid acid.. Desc Descri ribe be a lab labor orat ator ory y expe experi rime ment nt to sho show w that that the prese presenc nce e deco decomp mpos osit itio ion n of hydro hydrogen gen perox peroxid ide, e,
of cata cataly lyst st will will incre increas ase e the the rate rate of
11) 11) Descr Describ ibe e a labor dlur'y o>~p"''ffim~nt to, o;how that, <:>ninrinr-rp rp~se ~se in temp temper erat ature ure of reac reactl tlon on betw betwee een n sodi sodium um thlo thlosu sulp lpha hate te solu soluti tion on and and sulphurtc aoid. \ Ch~ ter 13: Ch Chem emicals icals for Consumer Consumerss
A. Knowl owled
e 'Def Definition ion,
meani anin
will will increa increase se the the rate
and facts)
I 1) What hat is soap soap? ? I'
.
I : : : : : : : : :~ :r:i:::;io n p m c e s s ? I
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16) l
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Stat State e the funct function ions s of eac each h of the the follow followin ing g addit additiv ives es in dete deterge rgent nt a) Whit Whiten enin ing g agen agent( t(ex exam ampl ple: e: sodi sodium um perb perbor orat ate) e) b) Opti Optica call whi white tene ner( r(fl fluo uore resc scen entt dyes dyes)) c) Biol Biolog ogic ical al enzy enzyme me (Exa (Examp mple le:: amyl amylas ases es,, lipa lipase ses, s, prot protea ease ses s and and cell cellul ulas ases es)) d) Frag Fragra ranc nce e What What is har hard d wate water? r? Stat State e the the funct functio ion n of 6ach 6ach oUne follow following ing food additives additives:: a) PreS PreS8f 8fva vati tive ves s ( Sodi Sodium um nitr nitrit ite, e, sodi sodium um benz benzoa oate te)) b' f\nt f\ntio ioxi xida dant nt (A bi id) id)
betw betwee een n
_
Cha Cha ter ter 11: 11: Carb Carbon on com com ound oundss A. Knowle Knowledge dge (Defin (Definitio ition, n, meanin meaning g and facts) facts)
11)
What What is homo homolo logo gous us
seri series es? ?
!
I
2)
What What is satu satura rate ted d them.
hydr hydroc ocar arbo bon n
and and unsat unsatur urat ated ed
hydr hydroc ocar arbo bon? n?
Stat State e an exam exampl ple e of each each of
I B. Understanding
Application I Application
/ Analysis Analysis
6)
Expl Explai ain n what what is isom isomer ers s and and isom isomer eris ism m
7)
Expl Explai ain n \A /h y ethe ethene ne gas gas can deco decolo lour uris ises es the the acid acidif ifie ied d pota potass ssiu iurn rn iTla iTlang ngan ante te(l (ll) l) etha ethane ne can can not not dec decol olou ouri rise ses s acid acidif ifie ied d pota potass ssiu ium m mang mangan ante te(l (ll) l) solu soluti tion on
8)
9)
by usin using g buta butane ne.. solu soluti tion on but but
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Expl Explai ain n why why both both hexa hexane ne and and hexa hexane ne have have six six carb carbon on atom atoms s but but hexe hexene ne burn burns s with with a more more sooty flame. flame. Pent Pentan ane e and and prop propan ane e are are membe members rs from from alka alkane ne fami family ly.. pentan pentane e is high higher er than than propan propane. e.
10) 10) Prop Propan anol ol and and prop propan anoi oic c acid acid are disso dissolv lved ed in wate waterr neutral but propanoic acid is an acid solution.
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It is foun found d that that prop propan anol ol solu soluti tion on is a •
hexe hexene ne and and hexa hexane ne..
17) Exp!ain Exp!ain how to pr~rl;:) pr~rl;:)re re propanoi propanoic c
L.
Chapte Chapte
aCid aCid from from propen propene. e.
12: Oxidat Oxidation ion and Reduc Reductio tio
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Expl Explai ain n why why the the melt meltin ing g poin pointt of
16) 16) Ethy Ethy!p !pro ropa pano noat at is a pro produ duct ct from from reac reacti tion on betw betwee een n alco alcoho holl and and carbox carboxyl ylic ic acid acid.. (a) Stat State e two physical physical proper propertie ties s of ethylp ethylprop ropano anoat. at. (b) (b) Des Descr crib ibe e a labo labora rato tory ry expe experi rime ment nt to pre prepa pare re Ethy Ethylp lpro ropa pano noat at.. Your Your answ answer er must must incl includ ude e the the draw drawin ing g of the the setu setupp-ap appa para ratu tus s and and the chem chemic ical al equa equati tion on invo involv lve. e.
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C. Synthesis 13) 13) Desc Descri ribe be a test test to dif diffe fere rent ntia iall
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Chapte Chapterr 12: Oxidat Oxidation ion and Reduc Reductio tion n A. Kn Know owle led d e (Def (Defin init itio ion, n, mean meanin in-- and and fact facts) s) 1)
What What is oxid oxidat atio ion n
and and dedu deduct ctio ion n
5)
What What is oxid oxidis isin ing g
agen agentt and and reduc reducin ing g
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agen agent? t? Stat State e an exa examp mple le of oxid oxidis isin ing g
agen agentt and and reduc reducin ing g
agent.
i B. Understandin II
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base based d on loss loss or gai gain n of oxy oxyge gen? n?
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plicat plication ion / Analys Analysis is
6)
Dete Determ rmin ine e
whet whethe herr the the react reactio ion n betw betwee een n hydr hydroc ochl hlor oric ic
acid acid and and sodiu sodium m hydr hydrox oxid ide e
7 '1
'Deaction. EX~!ai!"'h'YOLh,r answer answer baseh~ baseh~ on c~a!"'d c~a!"'d·g(e ·g(el's) m l's) to:idati:n
nu numbe(lrl') .
eter eterml mlne ne vmet vmet er t .6 reactio reaction n belV'Jee belV'Jeen n lea lea nJrale an" an" cop copper I nJral Expla Explain in your your answe answerr based based on chan change ges s in oxidat oxidatio ion n numbe number. r.
is a redo redox x
d
t'
IS a re ox reac Ion.
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9)
When When brom bromin ine e wate waterr is adde added d to the the pota potass ssiu ium m iodi iodide de solu soluti tion on,, the the solut solutio ion n chan change ges s from from colou colourl rles ess s to brow brown. n. Expl Explain ain the obse observ rvati ation on
colo colour ur
1 i) A mix mixtu ture re of cop coppe per( r(I! I!)) oxid oxide e and and alum alumin iniu ium m powd powder er is heat heated ed stro strong ngly ly.. The The mixt mixtur ure e burn burns s brigh brightl tly. y. Expla Explain in this this obser observat vatio ion n based based on oxida oxidatio tion n and reduc reducti tion. on. 12) 12) Chlo Chlori rine ne wate waterr is adde added d to pot potas assi sium um
3
iodi iodide de solu soluti tion on in a test test tube tube.. 2 cm cm of i 1,1,
triCh~roethene_i_s_a_d_d_e_d_t_o_t_h_e_t_e_~_t_u_b_e_a_n_d_t_h_e_m~ix_tu_r_e_i_s_s_h_a_k_e_n_th_o_r_0_U_9_h_~_._T_ 1,1, 1,1, l-tr l-trich ichlor loroe oeth thene ene chang changes es from from colour colourles less s to purpl purple. e. Expl Explain ain the the obser observat vatio ion. n.
I C. Synthesis
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113) Describe Describe a lci-b-o-ra-tlci-b-o-ra-t-o-ry-o-ry--e-Y-.p e-Y-.p-e--r-e--r-im-e-nt im-e-nt-t-o-c -t-o-c-h-a-n-h-a-n-g-e-t-h g-e-t-h-e-o-x -e-o-x-id-a-t -id-a-t-io-n-io-n-n--u-m ir-o-n-fr-oir-o-n n--u-m-b-e-r -fr-o-m-+-2 -b-e-r-o-f m-+-2to t-o-f o +3.
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How How would would you you confi confirm rm that that iron iron(I (II! I!)) is formed formed? ? 14) 14) Desc Descri ribe be a lab labor orat ator ory y
1,5) \16 \16)) 1
expe experi rime ment nt
to cha chang nge e the the oxid oxidat atio ion n
, 1
numb number er of iro iron n from from +3 to +2 +2 by
us;ng z;nc. Desef Desef;b ;be e the the extra extract; ct;on on
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of ;ron ;ron
You You are giv given en lead lead,, zinc zinc,, copp copper er and and thei theirr oxid oxides es.. Desc Descri ribe be a iabo iabof3 f3to tory ry compa compare re the the reacti reactivit vity y of these these metal metals s towar toward d oxygen oxygen..
expe experi rime ment nt
to
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Chapter Chapter 12: Therm Thermoche ochemistr mistry y I A. Knowledge Knowledge (Definiti (Definition, on, meaning meaning and facts)
11) What is exotherm exothermic ic reaction reaction and endoih-e-r-mendoih-e-r-m-i-c~re i-c~re-a-c-a-c-t-io-r t-io-r-,?--,?--------------------------
1 2 ) ::::
: h : : : :; ~ : ~ : ;P : :: i: ~ : a c t i O "
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'3)
What What is heat heat of of displa displacem cement ent? ?
15)
\Nhat is heat of combustion?
B. Understandin I
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Hcat Hcatio ioii ii / Anal Analys ysis is
6) Explain Explain how exothe exothermic rmic reaction reaction and endother endothermic mic are formed formed based based on energy energy change change during formation and breaking of chemical bonds.
17)
Explain Explain why the heat of combustion combustion of butanol butanol is higher higher than ethanol ethanol
18 )
Explain Explain why the heat of neutra!isat neutra!isation ion between between strong strong acids and strong alkalis alkalis is a constant, constant, 1 that is -57kJmor ?
I 9)
Explain Explain why the heat of neutralis neutralisation ation between between ethanoic ethanoic acid and sodium hydroxide hydroxide is less than -57kJmor1?
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10) 50 cm3 of 2 moldm- 3 sodium hydroxide solution is added to 50 cm of 2 moldm- 3 hydrochloric acid. The temperatur temperature e increases increases tOe. a) If 100 100 em of 2 mol moldm dm-- 3 sodium hydrOXidesolution is added to 100 cm 3 of 2 moidm- 3 hydrochlori hydrochloric c acid, predict the increase increase in tempera temperature ture.. 3
b) If 50 cm3 of 1 moldm- 3 sodium hydroxide solution is added to 50 cm of 1 moldm hydrochlori hydrochloric c acid, predict the increase increase in temperatu temperature. re.
3
c) If 50 cm3 of 4 moldm- 3 sodium hydroxide solution is added to 50 cm 3 of 4 moldm- 3 hydrochlori hydrochloric c acid, predict the inCiease inCiease in temperature temperature..
C. Synthesis 11) Describe Describe a laboratory laboratory experimen experimentt to determine determine the heat of displaceme displacement nt of copper copper by zinc. 12) Describe Describe a laborato laboratory ry experimen experimentt to determine determine the heat of neutra!isatio neutra!isation n between between strong strong acids and strong alkalis.
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14) "The higher the nurl1ber of carbon atoms per molecule: the higher is the heat of cornbustion Describe Describe a laborator laboratory y experimen experimentt to prove that the above statement statement is true by using methanol, ethanol, propan-1-ol, propan-1-ol, butan-1-o1and butan-1-o1 and pentan-1-ol. pentan-1-ol. l l
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