Chapter 11: Intermolecular Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids
Chapter 11: Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids 1. Which one of the following substances substances is expected to to hae the highest boiling point! "# $r % $# Cl% C# F% &# I% "ns: & Categor': (as' Section: 11.% %. Which one of the following substances substances is expected to to hae the lowest melting point! "# $rI $# CsI C# LiI &# )aI (# *bI "ns: " Categor': (as' Section: 11.% +. Which one of the following substances substances is expected to to hae the highest boiling point! "# ,$r $# ,Cl C# ,F &# ,I "ns: C Categor': (as' Section: 11.% -. ,elium ,elium atoms atoms do not combine combine to to form ,e ,e% molecules 'et ,e atoms do attract a ttract one another wea/l' through "# dipole0dipole forces. &# dipole0induced dipole forces. $# ion0dipole forces. (# h'drogen bonding. C# dispersion fo forces. "ns: C Categor': edium Section: 11.% 2. 3he molecular propert' related to the ease with which the electron densit' densit' in a neutral neutral atom or molecule can be distorted is called "# a dipole moment. &# surface tension. $# polari4abilit'. (# a an der Waals force. C# a dispersion fo force. "ns: $ Categor': (as' Section: 11.% 5. Which one of the following substances substances will hae both dispersion forces forces and dipole0dipole forces! "# ,Cl $# $Cl+ C# $r % &# ,% (# C6% "ns: " Categor': edium Section: 11.% 7. Which one of the following substances substances should exhibit h'drogen bonding in the liquid state! "# 8,+ $# ,% C# ,%S &# C,- (# ),+ "ns: ( Categor': edium Section: 11.%
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9. Which two properties properties are more t'pical of molecular compounds than of ionic ionic compounds! 1. 3he' are gases or liquids at room temperature. %. 3he' hae high melting points. +. Solids do not condu ct electricit' electricit' but liquids do. -. "toms share electrons. "# 1 and - $# 1 and + C# % and + &# % and - (# + and "ns: " Categor': edium Section: 11.% . Which of the following substances should hae the highest boiling point! "# C,- $# Cl% C# ;r &# C,+Cl (# )% "ns: & Categor': edium Section: 11.% 1<. Which of the following substances should hae the lowest boiling point! "# C$r - $# C$r +F C# C$r %F% &# C$rF+ (# CF"ns: ( Categor': edium Section: 11.% 11. Which of the following liquids would hae the highest iscosit' at %2=C! "# C,+6C,+ $# C,%Cl% C# C%,26, &# C,+$r (# ,6C,%C,%6, "ns: ( Categor': edium Section: 11.+ 1%. Which of the following liquids would hae the lowest iscosit' at %2=C!
"ns: " Categor': edium
Section: 11.+
1+. Which of the following characteristics indicates indicates the presence of weak intermolecular intermolecular forces in a liquid! "# a low heat of apori4ation &# a high boiling point $# a high critical temperature (# )one of the aboe. C# a low apor pressure "ns: " Categor': (as' Section: 11.9
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1-. Which of the following properties indicates the presence of weak intermolecular forces in a liquid! "# a high heat of apori4ation &# a high boiling point $# a high critical temperature (# )one of the aboe. C# a high apor pressure "ns: C Categor': (as' Section: 11.9 12. Which of the following properties indicates the presence of strong intermolecular forces in a liquid! "# a low heat of apori4ation &# a low boiling point $# a low critical temperature (# )one of the aboe. C# a low apor pressure "ns: C Categor': (as' Section: 11.9 15. For which of the following species are the intermolecular interactions entirel' due to dispersion forces! "# C%,5 $# C,+6C,+ C# )6% &# ,%S (# Ca)6+ "ns: " Categor': edium Section: 11.% 17. For which of the following species are the dispersion forces strongest! "# C-,1< $# C2,1% C# C5,1- &# C7,15 (# C9,19 "ns: ( Categor': edium Section: 11.% 19. (ach of the following substances is a liquid at >2<=C. 8lace these liquids in order of increasing apor pressure: dimeth'l ether ?C,+6C,+# propane ?C+,9# and ethanol ?C,+C,%6,#. "# ethanol @ propane @ dimeth'l ether &# dimeth'l ether @ ethanol @ propane $# ethanol @ dimeth'l ether @ propane (# propane @ ethanol @ dimeth'l ether C# propane @ dimeth'l ether @ ethanol "ns: $ Categor': edium Section: 11.9 1. Which of the following would be expected to hae thehighest apor pressure at room temperature! "# ethanol bp A 79=C C# water bp A 1<<=C $# methanol bp A 52=C &# acetone bp A 25=C "ns: & Categor': edium Section: 11.9 %<. Which of the following would be expected to hae thelowest apor pressure at room temperature! "# ethanol bp A 79=C C# water bp A 1<<=C $# methanol bp A 52=C &# acetone bp A 25=C "ns: C Categor': edium Section: 11.9
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%1. Bien the following liquids and their boiling points which has the highest apor pressure at its normal boiling point! "# ethanol bp A 79=C $# methanol bp A 52=C C# water bp A 1<<=C &# ben4ene bp A 9<=C (# 3he apor pressure of each of the liquids at its normal boiling point would be the same. "ns: ( Categor': edium Section: 11.9 %%. Choose the response that lists the member of each of the following pairs that has the higher boiling point. ?I# ,%6 or ;I ?II# ,F or ,I ?III# Cl% or $r % "# ,%6 ,F and Cl% &# ,%6 ,I and Cl% $# ;I ,F and $r% (# ;I ,F and Cl% C# ;I ,I and $r% "ns: $ Categor': edium Section: 11.% %+. "rrange the following in order of increasing boiling point: *bCl C,+Cl C,+6, C,-. "# C,+6, @ C,+Cl @ *bCl @ C,&# C,- @ C,+6, @ C,+Cl @ *bCl $# C,+6, @ C,- @ C,+Cl @ *bCl (# C,- @ C,+Cl @ C,+6, @ *bCl C# *bCl @ C,+Cl @ C,+6, @ C,"ns: ( Categor': edium Section: 11.% %-. ;r'pton has a higher melting point than argon because of its "# h'drogen bonding. &# ionic bonds. $# stronger dispersion forces. (# greater ioni4ation energ'. C# permanent dipole moment. "ns: $ Categor': edium Section: 11.% %2. Which one of the following substances should exhibit h'drogen bonding in the liquid state! "# 8,+ $# ,e C# ,%S &# C,- (# C,+6, "ns: ( Categor': edium Section: 11.% %5. Which one of the following substances should exhibit h'drogen bonding in the liquid state! "# Si,- $# ,% C# ,%S &# C,- (# C,+ ),% "ns: ( Categor': edium Section: 11.% %7. Which of the responses includes all of the following that can form h'drogen bonds with water molecules! ?1# )a ?%# C,+C66, ?+# C%,5 ?-# C,+ ),% "# ?1# and ?%# $# ?1# and ?+# C# ?%# and ?+# &# ?%# and ?-# (# ?+# and ?-# "ns: & Categor': edium Section: 11.%
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%9. Which of the following atoms does not participate in h'drogen bonding! "# S $# 6 C# F &# ) "ns: " Categor': (as' Section: 11.% %. Which of the following substances would hae the highest critical temperature! "# C,+Cl $# C%,5 C# F% &# ,% (# C6% "ns: " Categor': edium Section: 11. +<. (ach of the following substances is a gas at %2=C and 1 atmosphere pressure. Which one will liquef' most easily when compressed at a constant temperature! "# F% $# ,% C# ,F &# Si,- (# "r "ns: C Categor': edium Section: 11.9 +1. Which of the following is not true with regard to water! "# Water has a high heat capacit'. $# Water has an unusuall' high boiling point. C# Water can form h'drogen bonds. &# Ice is more dense than liquid water. (# Water is a polar molecule. "ns: & Categor': edium Section: 11.+ +%. Which propert' of water allows a ra4or blade to float on it without sin/ing! "# iscosit' $# surface tension C# densit' &# specific heat (# triple point "ns: $ Categor': edium Section: 11.+ ++. "n example of a coalent networ/ solid is "# diamond. &# $# potassium. (# C# iodine. "ns: " Categor': edium Section: 11.5
sodium chloride. )one of these.
+-. Which one of the following is an example of a coalent networ/ solid! "# Si6% $# ; C# I% &# CaCl% (# )one of these. "ns: " Categor': edium Section: 11.5 +2. 3he structural form of the element Be closel' resembles the structure of "# C ?diamond#. &# S ?S9 ring#. $# ) ?diatomic#. (# ;r ?monatomic#. C# "s ?tetrahedral#. "ns: " Categor': edium Section: 11.5 +5. Which one of the following substances cr'stalli4es as a molecular solid! "# ;I $# Si6% C# Sn &# C,+6, (# "l%?S6-#+ "ns: & Categor': edium Section: 11.5
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+7. $utter melts oer a range of temperature rather than with a sharp melting point. $utter is classified as aDan "# metallic cr'stal. &# amorphous solid. $# coalent solid. (# ionic cr'stal. C# molecular cr'stal. "ns: & Categor': edium Section: 11.7 +9. Which one of the following substances cr'stalli4es as a coalent cr'stal! "# Ca6 $# Si6% C# C6% &# 8b (# ;n6"ns: $ Categor': edium Section: 11.5 +. Which one of the following cr'stalli4es in a metallic lattice! "# C $# )an6- C# ; &# LiCl6- (# ; %Cr %67 "ns: C Categor': edium Section: 11.5 -<. 3he number of atoms in a bod'0centered cubic unit cell is "# 1 $# % C# + &# - (# 9 "ns: $ Categor': edium Section: 11.-1. 3he number of atoms in a face0centered cubic unit cell is "# 1 $# % C# + &# - (# 9 "ns: & Categor': edium Section: 11.-%. Siler metal cr'stalli4es in a face0centered cubic lattice with L as the length of one edge of the unit cube. 3he center0to0center distance between nearest siler atoms is 1 "# LD% $# % L C# %L &# L % % (# )one of the aboe. "ns: & Categor': &ifficult Section: 11.1
%
-+. 3he number of nearest neighbors ?atoms that ma/e contact# around each atom in a face0 centered cubic lattice of a metal is "# % $# - C# 5 &# 9 (# 1% "ns: ( Categor': edium Section: 11.--. 8otassium cr'stalli4es in a bod'0centered cubic lattice. ,ow man' atoms are there per unit cell! "# 1 $# % C# - &# 5 (# 9 "ns: $ Categor': edium Section: 11.-2. 8alladium cr'stalli4es in a face0centered cubic unit cell. Its densit' is 1%.< gDcm+ at %7=C. Calculate the atomic radius of 8d. "# 1+9 pm &# 12- pm >9 $# 1.2 1< nm (# <.1< nm >9 C# 1.2 1< cm "ns: " Categor': &ifficult Section: 11.-
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-5. Eanadium cr'stalli4es in a bod'0centered cubic lattice and the length of the edge of a unit cell is +<2 pm. What is the densit' of E! "# 2.5 gDcm+ &# 2.5 1< >+< gDcm+ $# %.9 gDcm+ (# 11. gDcm+ C# %.9 1< >5 gDcm+ "ns: " Categor': edium Section: 11.-7. 8otassium bromide ;$r cr'stalli4es li/e )aCl in a face0centered lattice. 3he ionic radii > of ; and $r > ions are 1++ pm and 12 pm respectiel'. "ssuming that all $r ions are positioned in the face and corners of the unit cell while the ; ions are positioned along the edge alternating between anions calculate the length of a unit cell edge. "# %+< pm $# +%9 pm C# 2%+ pm &# 525 pm (# 79< pm "ns: & Categor': &ifficult Section: 11.-9. 8latinum has a face0centered cubic cr'stal structure and a densit' of %1.2 gDcm+. What is the radius of the platinum atom! "# 5 pm $# 9 pm C# 1+ pm &# 15 pm (# %77 pm "ns: C Categor': &ifficult Section: 11.-. 3he 4incblende structure of nS has the relatiel' large sulfide ions arranged at the lattice points of a face0centered cubic structure. 3he edge length of this cubic unit cell is 2-<. pm. &etermine the densit' of 4incblende. "# +.<91 gDcm+ &# %.<-5 gDcm+ $# 1.<%+ gDcm+ (# %.<+% gDcm+ C# -.<1 gDcm+ "ns: C Categor': &ifficult Section: 11.2<. 3he mineral manganosite manganese?II# oxide cr'stalli4es in the roc/ salt structure ?the face0centered structure adopted b' )aCl# with a densit' of 2.+52 gDcm+. Find the unit cell edge length of manganosite. "# ---.2 pm $# +2%.9 pm C# %9<.< pm &# +59.% pm (# -17. pm "ns: " Categor': &ifficult Section: 11.21. g6 has the same cr'stal structure as )aCl face0centered cubic. ,ow man' oxide ions surround each g% ion as nearest neighbors! "# - $# 5 C# 9 &# 1< (# 1% "ns: $ Categor': edium Section: 11.2%. 3he atomic planes in a graphite cr'stal are separated b' ++2 pm. "t what angle would 'ou find the first0order ?n A 1# diffraction of <.12- nm G0ra's from a graphite cr'stal! "# %7.-= $# 55.9= C# <.%+%= &# 1+.+= (# %.5+= "ns: & Categor': edium Section: 11.2
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Chapter 11: Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids
2+. 3he triple point of iodine is at <.1% atm and 112=C. 3hus liquid I% "# is more dense than I% ?s#. $# cannot exist aboe 112=C. C# is liquid at room temperature. &# cannot hae a apor pressure less than 1 torr. "ns: & Categor': &ifficult Section: 11. 2-. " liquid boils when its "# apor pressure is exactl' 1 atmosphere. $# apor pressure is equal to or greater than the external pressure pushing on it. C# temperature is equal to %7+ ; ?standard temperature#. &# temperature is greater than room temperature. "ns: $ Categor': edium Section: 11.9 22. 3he heat capacit' of liquid water is -.19 HDg=C and the heat of apori4ation is -<.7 /HDmol. ,ow man' /iloJoules of heat must be proided to conert 1.<< g of liquid water at 57=C into 1.<< g of steam at 1<<=C! "# %%.7 /H $# -<.9 /H C# %.% /H &# %-<< H (# -<.9 H "ns: & Categor': edium Section: 11.9 25. 3he specific heat of liquid ethanol C%,26,?l # is %.-5 HDg=C and the heat of apori4ation is +.+ /HDmol. 3he boiling point of ethanol is 79 .+ =C. What amount of enthalp' is required to heat 2<.< g of liquid ethanol from %+.< =C to ethanol apor at 79.+ =C! "# -%.7 /H $# -.2 /H C# 17 /H &# 17
"# 1=C $# 2%=C C# 5<=C &# 5-=C (# 7<=C "ns: & Categor': edium Section: 11.9
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Chapter 11: Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids
29. Which of the following is not an endothermic process! "# melting of a solid &# condensation of water apor $# apori4ation (# sublimation of dr' ice C# raising the temperature of a gas "ns: & Categor': (as' Section: 11.9 2. "cetic acid has a heat of fusion of 1<.9 /HDmol and a heat of apori4ation of %-.+ /HDmol. What is the expected alue for the heat of sublimation of acetic acid! "# +2.1 /HDmol $# >1+.2 /HDmol C# 1+.2 /HDmol &# >+2.1 /HDmol (# )ot enough information is gien to answer the question. "ns: " Categor': edium Section: 11.9 5<. Kse the graph of apor pressure to determine the normal boiling point of 6%.
"# $# C# &# (# "ns:
% ; < ; 99 ; 9- ; 6% doesnt boil because it is alwa's a gas. $ Categor': edium Section: 11.9
51. Calculate the amount of heat that must be absorbed b' 1<.< g of ice at >%<=C to conert it to liquid water at 5<.<=C. Bien: specific heat ?ice# A %.1 HDg=CM specific heat ?water# A -.19 HDg=CM ,fus A 5.< /HDmol. "# -%< H $# %<< H C# 5+<< H &# 5+ /H (# 7.2 H "ns: C Categor': edium Section: 11.9 5%. Calculate the amount of heat needed to melt %.<< /g of iron at its melting point ?19< ;# gien that ,fus A 1+.9< /HDmol. "# -- /H $# %75<< /H C# %7.5 /H &# %75<< H (# %2<<< /H "ns: " Categor': edium Section: 11.9
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Chapter 11: Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids
5+. What mass of water would need to eaporate from 'our s/in in order to dissipate 1.7 1<2 H of heat from 'our bod'! ,%6?l# ,%6?g# ,ap A -<.7 /HDmol "# 7.2% 1<- g $# -19 g C# 72.% g &# 29.- g (# 5.% 1<5 g "ns: C Categor': edium Section: 11.9 5-. ,ow much energ' ?heat# is required to conert 2%.< g of ice at >1<.<=C to steam at 1<<=C! specific heat of ice: %.< HDg=C ,fus A 5.<% /HDmol specific heat of water: -.19 HDg=C ,ap A -<.7 /HDmol specific heat of steam: 1.9- HDg=C "# %27< /H $# 1<95 /H C# 127.9 /H &# -<.% /H "ns: C Categor': edium Section: 11.9
(# %%27 /H
52. 3he apor pressure of a liquid in a closed container depends upon "# the amount of liquid. &# the temperature. $# the surface area of the liquid. (# )one of the aboe. C# the olume of the container. "ns: & Categor': edium Section: 11.9 55. 3he apor pressure of ethanol is -<< mm,g at 5+.2=C. Its molar heat of apori4ation is +.+ /HDmol. What is apor pressure of ethanol in mm,g at +-.=C! "# 121< mm,g &# <.<< mm,g $# 1<< mm,g (# -.51 mm,g C# %<< mm,g "ns: $ Categor': edium Section: 11.9 57. Solid iodine has a apor pressure of 1.< mm,g at +=C. ,ow man' moles of iodine will sublime into a 2<<. mL flas/ at this temperature! If the olume of the flas/ is doubled at constant temperature what will happen to the equilibrium apor pressure of I%! ?"ssume some solid I% is alwa's present in the container.# "# %.1 1< >- molM apor pressure increases $# %.< 1< >% molM apor pressure increases C# %.5 1< >2 molM no change in apor pressure &# %.1 1< >- molM no change in apor pressure (# %.5 1< >2 molM apor pressure decreases "ns: C Categor': edium Section: 11.9 59. +.2 g of water was introduced into an eacuated 1.2< L flas/ at +<=C. What mass of water will eaporate! ?Eapor pressure of water at +<=C is +1.9% mm,g.# "# <.<-22 g $# <.-22 g C# <.<-197 g &# %.2% 1< >+ g (# <.-197 g "ns: " Categor': edium Section: 11.9
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Chapter 11: Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids
5. Which one of the following elements would hae the lowest melting point! "# ;r $# $r % C# S9 &# Ca (# ; "ns: " Categor': (as' Section: 11.% 7<. Which of the following gases would hae the highest critical temperature! "# C,- $# 6% C# C6% &# ),+ (# )e "ns: & Categor': edium Section: 11. 71. 3he molar heats of sublimation and fusion of iodine are 5%.+ /HDmol and12.+ /HDmol respectiel'. Calculate the molar heat of apori4ation of liquid iodine. "# 77.5 /HDmol &# >77.5 /HDmol $# -7.< /HDmol (# -.<7 /HDmol C# >-7.< /HDmol "ns: $ Categor': edium Section: 11.9 7%. 6ctane is a liquid component of gasoline. Bien the following apor pressures of octane at arious temperatures estimate the boiling point of octane in Leadille Colorado where the atmospheric pressure is -5 mm,g. -<< mm,g N 1<-=C 2<< mm,g N 111=C 5<< mm,g N 117=C 7<< mm,g N 1%%=C 75< mm,g N 1%2=C "# 1%2=C $# 1%<=C C# 112=C &# 11<=C (# 1<2=C "ns: & Categor': edium Section: 11.9 7+. Kse the following data to determine the molar heat of apori4ation of chlorine. 3 ?=C# >9-.2 >71.% >-7.+ 8 ?mm,g# -<.< 1<<.< -<<.< "# +-7<< H $# %1<< H C# +17 H &# 71% H "ns: $ Categor': &ifficult Section: 11.9
(# . /H
7-. 3he molar enthalp' of apori4ation of hexane ?C5,1-# is %9. /HDmol and its normal boiling point is 59.7+=C. What is the apor pressure of hexane at %2=C! "# 171 torr $# -.-- torr C# 117 torr &# ++7< torr (# 72 torr "ns: " Categor': &ifficult Section: 11.9 72. 3he molar enthalp' of apori4ation of boron tribromide is +<.2 /HDmol and its normal boiling point is 1=C. What is the apor pressure of $$r + at %<=C! "# 11.2 torr $# +11 torr C# 2.+1 torr &# 1-+ torr (# 55.1 torr "ns: ( Categor': &ifficult Section: 11.9 75. 3he molar enthalp' of apori4ation of carbon disulfide is %5.7- /HDmol and its normal boiling point is -5=C. What is the apor pressure of CS% at <=C! "# --7 torr $# -15< torr C# +1+ torr &# 1+ torr (# 2.-7 torr "ns: & Categor': &ifficult Section: 11.9
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77. 3he normal boiling point of methanol ?C,+6,# is 5-.5=C. Bien that the apor pressure of methanol is 72.< torr at 12.%=C calculate the molar enthalp' of apori4ation of methanol. "# <.+9+ /HDmol &# %7.2 /HDmol $# +.<< /HDmol (# 7-.7 /HDmol C# +9.< /HDmol "ns: C Categor': &ifficult Section: 11.9 79. 3he normal boiling point of bromine is 29.9=C. Bien that the apor pressure of bromine is 72.< torr at %.2=C calculate the molar enthalp' of apori4ation of bromine. "# +.75 /HDmol &# +.27 /HDmol $# +1.+ /HDmol (# %.7 /HDmol C# %.< /HDmol "ns: $ Categor': &ifficult Section: 11.9 7. Find the temperature at which water boils on a da' in the mountains when the barometric pressure is 2+ mm,g. ?Bien: the heat of apori4ation of water is -<.7 /HDmol# "# +.1=C $# 117=C C# -1.2=C &# 7.<=C (# 59.1=C "ns: " Categor': edium Section: 11.9 9<. Find the temperature at which ethanol boils on a da' in the mountains when the barometric pressure is 2-7 mm,g. ?Bien: 3he heat of apori4ation of ethanol is +.+ /HDmolM the normal boiling point of ethanol is 79.+=C.# "# 75.2=C $# 5.=C C# 1<.<=C &# 77.=C (# 7-.5=C "ns: $ Categor': edium Section: 11.9
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91. $ased on the phase diagram shown below how will the melting point of the substance change if the pressure is increased aboe 1 atm!
"# $# C# &#
3he melting point will decrease. 3he melting point will remain the same. 3he melting point will increase. 3he substance will not melt at pressures of 1 atm and aboeM instead the solid sublimes to form the gas phase. "ns: C Categor': edium Section: 11. 9%. Identif' the dominant ?strongest# t'pe of intermolecular force present in *bCl?s#. "ns: ionic Categor': edium Section: 11.% 9+. Identif' the dominant ?strongest# t'pe of intermolecular force present in ,%S?g#. "ns: dipole0dipole Categor': edium Section: 11.% 9-. Identif' the dominant ?strongest# t'pe of intermolecular force present in ),+?l#. "ns: h'drogen bonding Categor': edium Section: 11.% 92. Identif' the dominant ?strongest# t'pe of intermolecular force present in Cl%?l#. "ns: dispersion Categor': edium Section: 11.% 95. Indicate all the t'pes of intermolecular forces of attraction in F%?l#. "ns: dispersion Categor': edium Section: 11.%
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97. Indicate all the t'pes of intermolecular forces of attraction in ,F?l#. "ns: h'drogen bonding and dispersion Categor': edium Section: 11.% 99. Indicate all the t'pes of intermolecular forces of attraction in S6%?l#. "ns: dipole0dipole and dispersion Categor': edium Section: 11.% 9. Indicate all the t'pes of intermolecular forces of attraction in ,e?l#. "ns: dispersion Categor': edium Section: 11.% <. Indicate all the t'pes of intermolecular forces of attraction in C%,5?g#. "ns: dispersion Categor': edium Section: 11.% 1. Indicate all the t'pes of intermolecular forces of attraction in C,Cl+?l#. "ns: dipole0dipole and dispersion Categor': edium Section: 11.% %. Indicate all the t'pes of intermolecular forces of attraction in SF5?g#. "ns: dispersion Categor': edium Section: 11.% +. Indicate all the t'pes of intermolecular forces of attraction in SF-?g#. "ns: dipole0dipole and dispersion Categor': edium Section: 11.% -. Indicate all the t'pes of intermolecular forces of attraction in CF-?g#. "ns: dispersion Categor': edium Section: 11.% 2. Indicate all the t'pes of intermolecular forces of attraction in ,Cl?g#. "ns: dipole0dipole and dispersion Categor': edium Section: 11.% 5. Indicate all the t'pes of intermolecular forces of attraction in C,+6,?l#. "ns: h'drogen bonding and dispersion Categor': edium Section: 11.% 7. Indicate all the t'pes of intermolecular forces of attraction in C,%6?g#. "ns: dipole0dipole and dispersion Categor': edium Section: 11.%
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9. Bien the following compound and its boiling point identif' whether it is polar or nonpolar : ,Cl >9-.=C. "ns: polar Categor': edium Section: 11.% . Bien the following compound and its boiling point identif' whether it is polar or nonpolar : F% >199.1=C. "ns: nonpolar Categor': edium Section: 11.% 1<<. Bien the following compound and its boiling point identif' whether it is polar or nonpolar : "r >192.7=C. "ns: nonpolar Categor': edium Section: 11.% 1<1. Bien the following compound and its boiling point identif' whether it is polar or nonpolar : ,%S >5<.7=C. "ns: polar Categor': edium Section: 11.% 1<%. 6f the pair of compounds gien which would hae the stronger intermolecular forces of attraction! ,%S or ,%Se "ns: ,%Se Categor': edium Section: 11.% 1<+. 6f the pair of compounds gien which would hae the stronger intermolecular forces of attraction! ,F or ,Cl "ns: ,F Categor': edium Section: 11.% 1<-. 6f the pair of compounds gien which would hae the stronger intermolecular forces of attraction! C,- or C,+6, "ns: C,+6, Categor': edium Section: 11.% 1<2. 6f the pair of compounds gien which would hae the stronger intermolecular forces of attraction! ),+ or 8,+ "ns: ),+ Categor': edium Section: 11.%
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1<5. 6f the pair of compounds gien which would hae the stronger intermolecular forces of attraction! SF- or C1<,%% "ns: C1<,%% Categor': edium Section: 11.% 1<7. 3he meniscus for water is cured upward at the edges ?i.e. it is Oconcae upP#. (xplain this phenomenon in terms of cohesion and adhesion. "ns: "dhesion of water to glass is stronger than cohesion within water. Categor': edium Section: 11.+ 1<9. Iron cr'stalli4es in a bod'0centered cubic unit. 3he edge of this cell is %97 pm. Calculate the densit' of iron. "ns: 7.95 gDcm+ Categor': edium Section: 11.1<. Copper cr'stalli4es in a face0centered cubic unit cell. 3he densit' of copper is 9.gDcm+. Calculate the length of the edge of the unit cell in pm. "ns: +51 pm Categor': edium Section: 11.11<. 6f the gien pair of compounds which would hae the higher boiling point! C+,9 or C,+6C,+ "ns: C,+6C,+ Categor': edium Section: 11.% 111. 6f the gien pair of compounds which would hae the higher boiling point! CCl- or C,"ns: CClCategor': edium Section: 11.% 11%. 6f the gien pair of compounds which would hae the higher boiling point! ,%Se or ,%6 "ns: ,%6 Categor': edium Section: 11.% 11+. 6f the gien pair of compounds which would hae the higher boiling point! C,+Cl or C,"ns: C,+Cl Categor': edium Section: 11.% 11-. 6f the gien pair of compounds which would hae the higher boiling point! ),+ or C,"ns: ),+ Categor': edium Section: 11.%
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Chapter 11: Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids
112. 6smium tetroxide 6s6- is a soft cr'stal that melts at -<=C. 3he liquid does not conduct electricit'. What /ind of cr'stal is this! "ns: olecular cr'stal Categor': edium Section: 11.5 115. $oron nitride $)+ melts at approximatel' at +<<<=C under high pressure. 3his materal is almost as hard as diamond. What /ind of cr'stal is this! "ns: Coalent cr'stal Categor': edium Section: 11.5 117. Cr'stals of elemental sulfur are easil' crushed and melt at 11+=C. Liquid sulfur does not conduct electricit'. What /ind of cr'stal is this! "ns: olecular cr'stal Categor': edium Section: 11.5 119. agnesium oxide g6 melts at %9<<=C and is er' hard. 3he liquid conducts electricit' er' well. What /ind of cr'stal is this! "ns: Ionic cr'stal Categor': edium Section: 11.5 11. Sodium iodide )aI melts at 521=C. In its liquid state )aI conducts electricit'. What /ind of cr'stal is this! "ns: Ionic cr'stal Categor': edium Section: 11.5 1%<. Which is expected to hae a higher boiling point C9,19 or C-,1%+.7=C. 3heir structural formulas are respectiel' C,+C,%6, and C,+6C,+. (xplain wh' the boiling point of the ether is so much lower than the boiling point of ethanol. "ns: (thanol is a polar molecule that has stronger attractie forces h'drogen bonding in particular than ether which is slightl' polar but cannot form h'drogen bonds. Categor': edium Section: 11.%
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Chapter 11: Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids
1%-. 8ol'eth'lene plastic consists of long chains of carbon atoms each of which is also bonded to h'drogens as shown below:
Water forms beads when placed on a pol'eth'lene surface. Wh'! "ns: Water is highl' polar and pol'eth'lene is nonpolar. 3herefore there is er' little interaction between these compounds. "ccordingl' water beads are expected. Categor': edium Section: 11.+ 1%2. Which liquid is expected to hae the larger surface tension at a gien temperature CClor ,%6! $riefl' explain. "ns: Water would hae the larger surface tension due to h'drogen bonding between molecules. Categor': edium Section: 11.+ 1%5. $ased on the phase diagram shown below which is more dense: the liquid phase or the solid phase!
"ns: the solid phase is more dense Categor': edium Section: 11.
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Chapter 11: Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids
1%7. What phase exists at the point labeled a!
"ns: solid Categor': edium
Section: 11.
1%9. What phase exists at the point labeled b!
"ns: liquid Categor': edium
Section: 11.
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Chapter 11: Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids
1%. What phase exists at the point labeled c!
"ns: gas Categor': edium
Section: 11.
1+<. Suppose the atoms in a two0dimensional cr'stal hae the following arrangement:
6n the drawing aboe s/etch the unit cell of this cr'stal.
"ns: Categor': edium
Section: 11.-
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Chapter 11: Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids
1+1. Suppose the atoms in a two0dimensional cr'stal hae the following arrangement:
,ow man' atoms are in one unit cell! "ns: one ?each corner of unit cell has one0fourth of an atom# Categor': edium Section: 11.1+%. Suppose the atoms in a two0dimensional cr'stal hae the following arrangement:
What is the coordination number of each atom in this cr'stal! "ns: four Categor': edium Section: 11.1++. Calculate the amount of enthalp' required to heat %2.< g of solid ben4ene ?C5,5# at > 1<=C to liquid ben4ene at %<.<=C. 3hermod'namic data for ben4ene: specific heat of solid ben4ene A 1.2% HDg=CM specific heat of liquid ben4ene A 1.7+ HDg=CM melting point A 2.2=CM ,fus A . /HDmol. "ns: -.- /H Categor': edium Section: 11.9 1+-. ,ow much enthalp' is necessar' to heat 1<.< g of solid ben4ene ?C5,5# at <.<=C to ben4ene apor at 1<<=C! &ata for $en4ene melting point 2.2=C boiling point 9<.1=C specific heat of solid ben4ene 1.2% HDg=C specific heat of liquid ben4ene 1.7+ HDg=C specific heat of ben4ene apor 1.<5 HDg=C . /HDmol ,fus +<.9 /HDmol ,ap
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Chapter 11: Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids
"ns: 5.9 /H Categor': edium
Section: 11.9
1+2. Bien that the heat of apori4ation of dieth'l ether is %5.< /HDmol and the apor pressure of dieth'l ether is --< torr at %<.=C calculate the normal boiling point of dieth'l ether. "ns: +5=C ?the actuall' boiling point is +-.5=C# Categor': edium Section: 11.9 1+5. Bien that the heat of apori4ation of mercur' is 2.< /HDmol and the apor pressure of mercur' is <.<<17 torr at %2=C calculate the normal boiling point of mercur'. "ns: +9<=C ?the actuall' boiling point is +27=C# Categor': edium Section: 11.9 1+7. 6ctane C9,19 boils at 1%2=C as compared to water which boils at 1<<=C. 3his information suggests that the dispersion forces in nonpolar octane molecules are stronger than dispersion forces and h'drogen bonding in water. "ns: 3rue Categor': edium Section: 11.% 1+9. (thanol ?C%,2 > 6,# will hae a greater iscosit' than eth'lene gl'col ?,6 > C, %C,% > 6,# at the same temperature. "ns: False Categor': edium Section: 11.+ 1+. 3he shape of the water0to0glass meniscus results from the strong adhesie forces between glass and water. "ns: 3rue Categor': edium Section: 11.+ 1-<. 3he fact that the densit' of ice is less than the densit' of liquid water is due to the formation of h'drogen bonds. "ns: 3rue Categor': edium Section: 11.+ 1-1. 3he free4ing point of a liquid does not change as the atmospheric pressure changes. "ns: False Categor': edium Section: 11.
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