COOL CAB SERVICES
Chapter 1 Introduction
1. Proj Project ect Overv Overvie iew w We aim to become a pioneer in the vehicle rental industry by completely focusing on customers, our employees, growth, innovation and efficiency. All All of these elements will drive us towards success and show us as one company that can perform and give value for money. money.
When it comes to cab rental services, Cool Service is the most trusted and reliable name in the travel business. The most advanced travel agents offering cab rental and car hire in India, Dept of CSE
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COOL CAB SERVICES
making full use of information technology to improve the level of our efficiency. owever, owever, this is only one aspect of services. And this pro!ect continually strive to offer the best of services " both in terms of man and machine, to our clients #oreover, this pro!ect pro!ect has a fleet of cars ranging from lu$ury to budget cabs. While, While, it offers online cab hire service for corporate houses. And this pro!ect claim to offer the best of rates, which are tailor"made depending upon the facilities, availed and offer both intercity and intra" city cab facilities. All cabs have proper permits and documentation so that the clients couldn%t be hassled for the lack of documents. owever, owever, this pro!ect has strategic backup system for any eventuality. Cab drivers are educated, polite, and reliable and are trained to handle acute breakdowns. The cab service includes all categories of cars from lu$ury to budget. budget. &urther, this pro!ect's utmost priority is (uality. To To achieve this, vehicles are well maintained and tested for delivering optimum and uninterrupted performance. Team of professionals in the travel business enables this system to design trips that suits to all budgets and preferences of the travelers. In addition, workforce including drivers and administrative staff are well trained to discharge their duties with a lot of efficiency.
Modules of the Projects: Admin module ) module #aintenance module #ovement module &inance module *uality Assurance module
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Chapter 2 PROBLM! "#$ !OL%&IO#! O' &( PRO)C&
2.1 *istin+ !,ste-
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Cool cab Service is an innovative thought to simplify the Transportation problems of +mployees of an organiation. In the present System, -rganiation do maintain a person for the allocating and proper functioning of transportation .The erson appointed needs to look after the assigning and movement of cabs.Authorised person maintains the transportation details in papers, which is a tedious task if any updations or changes need to be done. /etails are stored in apers. #aintenance is a huge problem. 0pdation, changes in details is a tedious task. erformance is not achieved up to the re(uirements.
2.2 Proposed !,steIn the revious System,/etails are Stored #anually in papers,to share the details between employees was a &inancial drawback. 0pdations in the details is a tedious task. 1ut a new system was proposed to overcome the above drawbacks. &unctionalities and advantages of proposed system are2 /ata is Centralied which has overcome the Sharing problem in previous system. As data is #aintained electronically, it's easy for a person to update the details, which
has overcome the tedious updation in previous system. #aintenance is easy and performance is good. #ainly the system has automated the Transportation rocess.
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Chapter
'easi/ilit, Report
. 'easi/ilit, Report Dept of CSE
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reliminary investigation e$amine pro!ect feasibility, the likelihood the system will be useful to the organiation. The main ob!ective of the feasibility study is to test the Technical, -perational and +conomical feasibility for adding new modules and debugging old running system. All system is feasible if they are unlimited resources and infinite time. There are aspects in the feasibility study portion of the preliminary investigation2 Technical &easibility -peration &easibility +conomical &easibility
.1. &echnical 'easi/ilit, The technical issue usually raised during the feasibility stage of the investigation includes the following2 /oes the necessary technology e$ist to do what is suggested3 /o the proposed e(uipments have the technical capacity to hold the data re(uired to
use the new system3 Will the proposed system provide ade(uate response to in(uiries, regardless of the number or location of users3 Can the system be upgraded if developed3 Are there technical guarantees of accuracy, reliability, ease of access and data security3 +arlier no system e$isted to cater to the needs of 4Secure Infrastructure Implementation System'. The current system developed is technically feasible. It is a web based user interface for audit workflow at 5IC"CS/. Thus it provides an easy access to the users. The database's purpose is to create, establish and maintain a workflow among various entities in order to facilitate all concerned users in their various capacities or roles. ermission to the users would be granted based on the roles specified.
.2. Operational 'easi/ilit, roposed pro!ects are beneficial only if they can be turned out into information system. That will meet the organiation's operating re(uirements. -perational feasibility Dept of CSE
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aspects of the pro!ect are to be taken as an important part of the pro!ect implementation. Some of the important issues raised are to test the operational feasibility of a pro!ect includes the following2 " Is there sufficient support for the management from the users3 Will the system be used and work properly if it is being developed and implemented3 Will there be any resistance from the user that will undermine the possible application
benefits3 This system is targeted to be in accordance with the above"mentioned issues. 1eforehand, the management issues and user re(uirements have been taken into consideration. So there is no (uestion of resistance from the users that can undermine the possible application benefits.
.. cono-ic 'easi/ilit, A system can be developed technically and that will be used if installed must still be a good investment for the organiation. In the economical feasibility, the development cost in creating the system is evaluated against the ultimate benefit derived from the new systems. &inancial benefits must e(ual or e$ceed the costs.
Chapter 0
!,ste- "nal,sis Dept of CSE
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!oftware Reuire-ent !pecification Overview We aim to become a pioneer in the vehicle rental industry by completely focusing on customers, our employees, growth, innovation and efficiency. All of these elements will drive us towards success and show us as one company that can perform and give value for money. This Service will make A manager to think of whether the transportation is e$pensive and maintaining (uality or not.
1. "d-in Module Admin is the Super user of the system, he is responsible for the creation and maintenance of the accounts to the sytem.Admin is responsible for the creation of different kind of managers.Admin looks after the maintenance of these accounts. e has a feature of getting the password of a username .. Tbl6Admin7ogin • • • • •
AdminI/ 0ser5ame assword +mailI/ /epartment
Tbl6#anger •
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#angerI/ Page
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• • • • • • • • • • •
+mp5ame Address *ualification /-1 8ender hone5o +mailI/ /esignation /epartment /-9 Age
'unctionalities Associaton between Admin and #anager tables Admin Creates the Accounts for different types of manager. Admin 7ogins into the System Admin Can view the login details and maintain these /etails Admin can get the password to the 0sername.
ueries What is the assword of 0sername3 What is the username of logged in 0ser3 What is the number of 0sers in the System3 What is the 0sername of the Admin3
"lerts 0sername Already +$ists 5ew 0ser account is successfully created Invalid username or password All fields Are #andatory
2. (R Mana+er In )eal world,r manager is responsible for the human resources of employees in an organiation.As Transportation is also an facilities provided to an employee, ) is responsible for providing the transportation by cab .ere ) is #ainly used to register the employees for the cab facility ,after registering employees,he is the person to make shifts and 1atches .Totally the functionalities of ) manager is to #aintain the +mployee, Shift details and 1atch scheduling. Dept of CSE
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&/l3Batch$etails • • • •
1I/ 1atchI/ Total5o-f+mployees ShiftI/
&/l3!hift&i-ein+ • • • • • •
SI/ ShiftI/ Shift5ame StartingTime /ispatchTime 5o1atches
&/l3-plo,ee$etails • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
+I/ +mpI/ +mp5ame Address CAddess *ualification /-1 :ehicle)e(uire 8ender hone5o /esignation /epartment /-9 Status Age Time Span Image ath
&/l3!hift!chedule • • • • • •
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SSI/ ShiftScheduleI/ +mpI/ /epartment 1atchI/ +mp5ame Page
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ShiftI/ )outed
• •
'unctionalities Association +mployee and shift schedule Association between shiftschedule and batch Association between batch and Shift timing Association between shiftschedule and shift timings Adding employees and providing ids to the employees Assigning shifts to the +mployees. Assigning batches for the Shifts and employees.
ueries What is the +mployee id of an +mployee3 What is the total number of +mployees3 What is the 1atch id of an empid3 What is the total number of employees in a batch.3
"lerts 0sername already e$ists Invalid username and password. )e"enter password not matching All fields are mandatory
. Maintenance Mana+er #aintenance manager is one of the user in the system,main functionalities of this manager is to add vehicles,drivers and vendors of the vehicles.#aintenance manager is responsible for maintenance of the these details and making the spare parts billing to the vehicles. The #aintenance manager is responsible for the Spare parts billing, registering the vehicles , drivers to the vehicles, mostly the vendor details and date of purchase of vehicles. These details provide #anager whether the cabs are providing profit or loss.
&/l3$river$etails • • • • • • •
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/:I/ /riverI/ 5ame Address hone5o /-1 /-9 Page
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• • • •
+$perience 7icence5o Imageath 5o-fAccident
&/l34ehicle$etails • • • • • • • • • • •
:I/ :ehicleI/ 5ame :enderI/ /riverI/ :ehicleType )egistor5o )ate;m Capacity )outed Imageath
&/l34ender$etails • • • • • • • •
:I/ :enderI/ :ender5ame Address hone5o +mailI/ )emarks Imageath
&/l3!parePartBiilin+ • • • • • • • •
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1ill5o :ehicleI/ SpareType *uantity 1ill/ate Spareart rice TotalAmount
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&/l3!pareParts$etails • • • • • • • • •
SI/ SparerartI/ /ealer5ame SpareartType *uantity Spareart /ate-furchase rice Amountaid
'unctions Association of drive details between vehicle details Association between vehicle details and vendor details Association between Sparepart billing and vehicle details Adding driver to a vehicle #aintaining the vendor details with wehicle details
ueries What is the name of a driver to a vehicle What is the number of drivers registered with company. What is the vendor name of an vehicle ow many vehicles are from an vendor
"lerts /river5ame Should be Character #obile5o /igits -nly 5o -f Accident Should be 5umbers 7icence 5o Should be Character or 5umbers &irst5ame Should be Character
Reports What are the :ehicles present in company What are the details of drivers
0. Move-ent Mana+er Dept of CSE
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#ovement #anager is one kind of user in the system who is responsible for the creation of /river shift details,route details.e is responsible for the :ehicle allocation and maintenance of the tripsheets of the Cabs. ere #ovement #anager has facility to search shift details and the )oute details.#ovement manager is not only to create but also responsible for the maintenance of the driver shift details,route details ,trip sheets and :ehicle allocated details.
&/l3$river!hift$etails /SI/ /riverShiftI/ 5ame /riverI/ ShiftI/ Shift/ate Shifting
• • • • • • •
&/l3Route$etails • • • • •
)TI/ )outed )oute/escription Source /estination
&/l3&rip!heet • • • • • • • •
TI/ TripSheetI/ AllocationI/ :ehicleI/ )ate;# ;# TotalAmount )emark
&/l34ehicle"llocation$etails Dept of CSE
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• • • • • • • •
:AI/ :ehicleAllocationI/ :ehicleI/ +mployeeI/ /riverI/ ickup/rop )outed :/ate
'unctionalities Assocation between /riverShift/etails and driver details Association between /riverShift/etails and shift timing Association between )oute details and :ehicle allocation table Association between Tripsheet and :ehicle allocation table Association between tripsheet and vehicle details #aintaining the /rivers,shifts,routes and trip sheet details
ueries What is the trip id of a vehicle What is the speed of an vehicle What is the route of an vehicle What is the name of an driver id
"lerts /river5ame Should be Character )oute/escription Should be Character Source Should be Character 5o /ata &ound All fields are mandatory
Reports What are the details of :ehicleAllocated to a person What are the Shift/etails of an driver What are the )oute/etails of a trip What are the vehicles in a TripSheet What are the details of :ehicleAllocated
5. 'inance Mana+er &inance #anager is a type of user in the system, he is responsible for the cost estimation of the vendor,vehicle billing and viewing the feedbacks posted by the employees on the events Dept of CSE
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as accidents and the driving nature of a particular cab.The &eedbacl posted by employers give the (uality and performance of the cabs,by this result managers get a chance to improve the performance of the transportation to get profits.
&/l34ehicleBillin+&ransction • • • • • • • •
1I/ 1ill5o :ehicleI/ Amount /ate-f1illing :enderI/ /eduction 5etAmount
&/l3'eedBac6'ro• • • • • •
&1I/ &eed1ackI/ +mpI/ :ehicleI/ /riverI/ )emarks
'unctionalities: Association between :ehicle billing and vehicle details Association between :ehicle billing and :endor details Association between feedback and employee details Association between feedback and vehicles #aintaining the feedback and vehicle details
ueries What is the amount of an vehicle id3 What is the vendor id of an vehicle3 What is the feedback an vehicle3
"lerts :endor re(uired
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/eduction /igits -nly All fields are mandatory
Reports What are the feedbacks to an vehicle What are the billing details of an vehicle.
7. ualit, "ssurance Mana+er *uality Assurance #anager is a user in the System,e is responsible for the #aintaining the *uality in the transportation, to provide *uality he checks the performance by maintaining the feedbacks from employees and the accident details of the Cab. ere *uality Assurance #anager is responsible for inserting and maintaining the Accident details, by this details he re(uests for the finance manager to provide the Amount to the damage .Thus by amintaing all these details,*uality Assurance manager can give the *uality transportation facility to its employees.
&/l3"ccident$etails • • • • • •
A/I/ AccidentI/ :ehicleI/ A/ate ATime )emarks
'unctionalities Association between vehicles and accident #aintaining the accident details
ueries What is the vehicle id of an accident had What is the vendor id of an vehicle
"lerts All fields are mandatory )eentered password doesn't match Invalid user and password
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0.28 (ardware Reuire-ents < =.>81 processor and above. )am ?@= #1 and above. // = 81 ard /isk and above.
0.8 !oftware Reuire-ents o o o o o
Dept of CSE
#icrosoft .5et framework =. #icrosoft AS.5et, T#7 A9AB Tool kit. #icrosoft C.5et language #icrosoft S(lServer = and above.
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Chapter 5
!,ste- $esi+n
5.1. Module desi+n: Software design sits at the technical kernel of the software engineering process and is applied regardless of the development paradigm and area of application. /esign is the first Dept of CSE
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step in the development phase for any engineered product or system. The designer's goal is to produce a model or representation of an entity that will later be built. 1eginning, once system re(uirement have been specified and analyed, system design is the first of the three technical activities "design, code and test that is re(uired to build and verify software. The importance can be stated with a single word D*ualityE. /esign is the place where (uality is fostered in software development. /esign provides us with representations of software that can assess for (uality. /esign is the only way that we can accurately translate a customer's view into a finished software product or system. Software design serves as a foundation for all the software engineering steps that follow. Without a strong design we risk building an unstable system F one that will be difficult to test, one whose (uality cannot be assessed until the last stage. /uring design, progressive refinement of data structure, program structure, and procedural details are developed reviewed and documented. System design can be viewed from either technical or pro!ect management perspective. &rom the technical point of view, design is comprised of four activities F architectural design, data structure design, interface design and procedural design.
5.2. $"&" 'LO9 $I"R"M! A data flow diagram is graphical tool used to describe and analye movement of data through a system. These are the central tool and the basis from which the other components Dept of CSE
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are developed. The transformation of data from input to output, through processed, may be described logically and independently of physical components associated with the system. These are known as the logical data flow diagrams. The physical data flow diagrams show the actual implements and movement of data between people, departments and workstations. A full description of a system actually consists of a set of data flow diagrams. 0sing two familiar notations Gourdon, 8ane and Sarson notation develops the data flow diagrams. +ach component in a /&/ is labeled with a descriptive name. rocess is further identified with a number that will be used for identification purpose. The development of /&/'S is done in several levels. +ach process in lower level diagrams can be broken down into a more detailed /&/ in the ne$t level. The lop"level diagram is often called conte$t diagram. It consists a single process bit, which plays vital role in studying the current system. The process in the conte$t level diagram is e$ploded into other process at the first level /&/. The idea behind the e$plosion of a process into more process is that understanding at one level of detail is e$ploded into greater detail at the ne$t level. This is done until further e$plosion is necessary and an ade(uate amount of detail is described for analyst to understand the process. 7arry Constantine first developed the /&/ as a way of e$pressing system re(uirements in a graphical from, this lead to the modular design. A /&/ is also known as a Dbubble ChartE has the purpose of clarifying system re(uirements and identifying ma!or transformations that will become programs in system design. So it is the starting point of the design to the lowest level of detail. A /&/ consists of a series of bubbles !oined by data flows in the system.
$'$ !;MBOL!: In the /&/, there are four symbols @. A s(uare defines a sourceHoriginator or destination of system data Dept of CSE
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=. An arrow identifies data flow. It is the pipeline through which the information flows J. A circle or a bubble represents a process that transforms incoming data flow into outgoing data flows. <. An open rectangle is a data store, data at rest or a temporary repository of data
rocess that transforms data flow.
Source or /estination of data
/ata flow
/ata Store
CO#!&R%C&I# " $'$: Several rules of thumb are used in drawing /&/'S2
@. rocess should be named and numbered for an easy reference. +ach name should be representative of the process. Dept of CSE
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=. The direction of flow is from top to bottom and from left to right. /ata traditionally flow from source to the destination although they may flow back to the source. -ne way to indicate this is to draw long flow line back to a source. An alternative way is to repeat the source symbol as a destination. Since it is used more than once in the /&/ it is marked with a short diagonal. J. When a process is e$ploded into lower level details, they are numbered. <. The names of data stores and destinations are written in capital letters. rocess and dataflow names have the first letter of each work capitalied
A /&/ typically shows the minimum contents of data store. +ach data store should contain all the data elements that flow in and out.
!"IL#& '"&%R! O' $'$
&;P! O' $"&" 'LO9 $I"R"M! @. Current hysical =. Current 7ogical J. 5ew 7ogical <. 5ew hysical
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In Current hysical /&/ process label include the name of people or their positions or the names of computer systems that might provide some of the overall system"processing label includes an identification of the technology used to process the data. Similarly data flows and data stores are often labels with the names of the actual physical media on which data are stored such as file folders, computer files, business forms or computer tapes.
C%RR#& LOIC"L: The physical aspects at the system are removed as much as possible so that the current system is reduced to its essence to the data and the processors that transform them regardless of actual physical form.
#9 LOIC"L 2 This is e$actly like a current logical model if the user were completely happy with the user were completely happy with the functionality of the current system but had problems with how it was implemented typically through the new logical model will differ from current logical model while having additional functions, absolute function removal and inefficient flows recognied.
#9 P(;!IC"L: The new physical represents only the physical implementation of the new system.
R%L! O4R#I# &( $'$
$"&" !&OR
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@ /ata cannot move directly from one data store to another data store, a process must move data. = /ata cannot move directly from an outside source to a data store, a process, which receives, must move data from the source and place the data into data store J A data store has a noun phrase label.
!O%RC OR !I#= The origin and Kor destination of data.
@ /ata cannot move direly from a source to sink it must be moved by a process = A source and Kor sink has a noun phrase land
$"&" 'LO9 @ A /ata &low has only one direction of flow between symbols. It may flow in both directions between a process and a data store to show a read before an update. The later is usually indicated however by two separate arrows since these happen at different type. = A !oin in /&/ means that e$actly the same data comes from any of two or more different processes data store or sink to a common location. J A data flow cannot go directly back to the same process it leads. There must be at least one other process that handles the data flow produce some other data flow returns the original data into the beginning process. < A /ata flow to a data store means update Hdelete or change. ? A data &low from a data store means retrieve or use.
A data flow has a noun phrase label more than one data flow noun phrase can appear on a single arrow as long as all of the flows on the same arrow move together as one package.
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7evel /iagram2
Admin
Dept of CSE
Cool Cab Services
User
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User
Cool Cab Services
Admin
7evel @ /iagram Admin2
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HR Manager Maintanance Manager
Admin
Id & Password InValid Id & Password
Valid Id & Passord
Register
Movement Manager
Finance Manager
!"
Quality Assurance Manager
7evel = /iagram #aintenance manager2
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!river !etails
Vendor !etails
Maintenance Id & Password Valid Id& Passord Manager Invalid Id&
Maintain
Ve#icle !etails
Password
S$are $art !etails !"
S$are $art "illing
7evel = /iagram #ovement manager2
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Route !etails
ri$ S#eet
!river S#i%t !etails
Movement Manager
Id & Password Invalid Id& Password
Valid Id& Passord
Maintain
Route Searc#
S#i%t Searc# !"
Vehicle
Ve#icle Allocation
Search
7evel = /iagram &inance manager2
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Ve#icle "illing
Finance Manager
Id & Password Invalid Id& Password
Valid Id& Passord
Maintain
Vendor "illing
Vie Pro%ile !"
7evel = /iagram *uality Assurance manager2
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Accident !etails
Quality Id & Password Valid Id& Assurance Passord Manager Invalid Id&
Maintain
Feed "ac'
Password
Vie Pro%ile !"
5.%ML $ia+ra-s
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"d-in:
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Create Accounts
Maintain Account !etails Admin (ogin
) #anager2
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mplo!ee Information
Shift Timing Information
Shift Shedule Information HR Ma nager Batch Details
View Hr manager profile
#aintenance #anager 2
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Drier Details
Vendor Details
Vehicle Details Maintenance Manager spare part Details
spare part "illing
#ovement #anager2
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Trip Sheert
Route Details
Driver shift Details
Route search Movement Manager shift search
Vehicle search
Vehicle #llocation
&inance #anager2 Vehicle Billing
Vendor Billing $inance Manager View Profile
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*uality Assurance #anager2 #ccident Details
$eed "ac %ualit! ssurance Manager
View Profile
Se(uence /iagram2
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Admin
HR Manag er
Maintenance Manager
Movement Manager
Finance Manager
Quality Assurance Manager
Register Register Register
Register
Register
#ccident Details Maintain mp Details
Maintain VehicleDetails
Shift'Route Details
Billing Details
Class /iagram2
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#dmin (sr Id Password Register #ccounts View Details
HR Manager (ser Id Password mpInformation Shift Timing info Shift Shedule) information Batch Details
Maintanance Manager
Movement Manager
(ser Id Password
(ser I d Password
Driver Details Vendor Details Vehicle Details Spare part details spare part "illing
Route Details Route Search Driver Shft Details VehicleSearch Shift Details
$inance Manager (ser Id Password Vehicle "illing vendor "illing View Profile
%ualit! #ssurance Manager (ser Id Password #ccident Details $eed Bac View Profile
State Chart /iagram2
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#dmin Register
mplo!ee
provide *a" Services
$eed Bac
5.0 $B $!I#
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ntities
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
Tbl6Accident/etails Tbl6Admin7ogin Tbl61atch/etails Tbl6/river/etails Tbl6/riverShift/etails Tbl6+mployee/etails Tbl6&eed1ack&rom Tbl6#anger Tbl6)oute/etails Tbl6ShiftSchedule Tbl6ShiftTiming Tbl6Spareart1iiling Tbl6Sparearts/etails Tbl6TripSheet Tbl6:ehicleAllocation/etails Tbl6:ehicle1illingTransction Tbl6:ehicle/etails Tbl6:ender/etails tblAdmin5ew7ogin
+) /iagrams
Admin
AdminID UserName PassWord EmaiID Departme
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MangerID EmpName Address Manager !"i#$ation DOB %ender P&oneNo EmaiID Designation Department DO' Age
nt Dept of CSE
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S&ift S&ed"e
Has
SID SS&iftS$&d"
Dept of CSE
eID EmpID Department Bat$&ID EmpName S&iftID Ro"teID
Bat$&
BID Bat$&ID (otaNoOfEmpo)e es S&iftID
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Bat$&
Ha s
SID S&iftID S&iftName Starting(ime Dispat$&(ime NoBat$&es
BID Bat$&ID (otaNoOf Empo)ee s S&iftID
S&ift S&ed"e
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SSID S&iftS$&d"eI D EmpID Department Bat$&ID EmpName S&iftID Ro"teID Dept of CSE
SID S&iftID S&iftName Starting(im e Dispat$&(i me Page NoBat$&es
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DVID Dri*erID Name Dri*er Address P&oneNo DOB DO' E+perien$e Li$en$eNo ImagePat& NoOfA$$ident Dept of CSE
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VHID Ve&i$eID Name Ve&i$e VenderID Dri*erID Ve&i$e()pe RegistorNo Rate,m Capa$it) Ro"teID ImagePat&
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Ve&i$e
VHID Ve&i$eID Name VenderID Dri*erID Ve&i$e()pe RegistorNo Rate,m Capa$it) Ro"teID ImagePat& Dept of CSE
Has
Vendor
VID VenderID VenderNam e Address P&oneNo EmaiID Remar-s ImagePat& Page
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Spare part
H as
VHID Ve&i$eID Name VenderID Dri*erID Ve&i$e()pe RegistorNo Rate,m Capa$it) Ro"teID ImagePat&
BiNo Ve&i$eID Spare()pe !"antit) BiDate SparePart Pri$e (otaAmo" nt
Dri*er S&ift
Dept of CSE
Ve&i$e
Ha s
Dri*er Detais Page
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DVID Dri*erID Name Address P&oneNo DOB DO' E+perien$e
DSID Dri*erS&iftID Name Dri*erID S&iftID S&iftDate S&ifting
Dri*er S&ift
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Ve&i$e Biing
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VHID Ve&i$eID Name VenderID Dri*erID Ve&i$e()pe RegistorNo Rate,m Capa$it) Ro"teID ImagePat&
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BID BiNo Ve&i$e Ve&i$eID Biing Amo"nt DateOfBiing VenderID Ded"$tion NetAmo"nt Dept of CSE
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Ve&i$e
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Dept of CSE
ADID A$$identID Ve&i$eID ADate A(ime Remar-s
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$"&" $IC&IO#"R; &/l3"ccident$etails !no Colu-nna-e 1 "$I$ 2 "ccidentI$ 4ehicleI$ 0 "$ate 5 "&i-e 7 Re-ar6s
$atat,pe Constraint reference int Pri-ar, 6e, varchar>5?8 '= &/l3accident details varchar>5?8 '= 4ehicle details varchar>5?8 "llow #ull varchar>5?8 "llow #ull varchar>5?8 "llow #ull
&/l3"d-inLo+in !no
Colu-nna-e
$atat,pe
Constraint
1
"d-inI$
varchar>5?8
Pri-ar, 6e,
2
%ser#a-e
varchar>5?8
#ot null
Password
varchar>5?8
#otnull
0
-ailI$
varchar>5?8
"llow null
5
$epart-ent
varchar>5?8
#ot null
reference
&/l3Batch$etails !no Colu-nna-e 1 BI$ 2 BatchI$ &otal#oOf-plo,ees 0 !hiftI$
$atat,pe int varchar>5?8 varchar>5?8 varchar>5?8
Constraint reference Pri-ar, 6e, #ot null "llownull 'orei+n6e, &/l3shift details
&/l3$river$etails Dept of CSE
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!no Colu-nna-e 1 $4I$ 2 $riverI$ #a-e 0 "ddress 5 Phone#o 7 $OB @ $O) A *perience Licence#o 1? I-a+ePath 11 #oOf"ccident
$atat,pe in t varchar>5?8 varchar>5?8 varchar>5?8 varchar>5?8 $ateti-e dateti-e varchar>5?8 varchar>5?8 varchar>5?8 varchar>5?8
Constraint reference Pri-ar, 6e, "llow null "llow null "llow null "llow null "llow null "llow null "llow null "llow nu null "llow null "llow nu null
&/l3$river!hift$etails !no Colu-nna-e
$atat,pe
Constraint reference
1
$!I$
in t
P=
2
$river!hiftI$ varchar>5?8
#ot nu null
#a-e
varchar>5?8
#ot null
0
$riverI$
varchar>5?8
#ot null
5
!hiftI$
varchar>5?8
#ot null
7
!hift$ate
dateti-e
#ot null
@
!hiftin+
varchar>5?8
#ot null
&/l3-plo,ee$etails !no
Colu-nna-e
$atat,pe
Constraint
1
I$
int
P=
2
-pI$
varchar>5?8
#otnull
-p#a-e
varchar>5?8
#otnull
0
P"ddress
varchar>5?8
#otnull
Dept of CSE
reference
Page
COOL CAB SERVICES
5
C"ddess
varchar>5?8
"llownull
7
ualification
varchar>5?8
#otnull
@
$OB
dateti-e
"llownull
A
4ehicleReire
varchar>5?8
#otnull
ender
varchar>5?8
"llownull
1?
Phone#o
varchar>5?8
#otnull
11
$esi+nation
varchar>5?8
#otnull
12
$epart-ent
varchar>5?8
#otnull
1
$O)
dateti-e
"llownull
10
!tatus
varchar>5?8
#otnull
15
"+e
varchar>5?8
"llownull
17
&i-e!pan
varchar>5?8
#otnull
1@
I-a+ePath
varchar>5?8
"llownull
&/l3'eedBac6'ro!no Colu-nna-e $atat,pe
Constraint
1
'BI$
int
P=
2
'eedBac6I$
varchar>5?8
#ot #%ll
-pI$
varchar>5?8
'=
&/l3-plo,ee
0
4ehicleI$
varchar>5?8
'=
&BL 4ehicle
5
$riverI$
varchar>5?8
'=
&/l3$river details
7
Re-ar6s
varchar>5?8
#ot #%ll
Dept of CSE
reference
Page
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&/l3Man+er !no Colu-nna-e
$atat,pe
Constraint
1
Man+erI$
varchar>5?8
P=
2
-p#a-e
varchar>5?8
notnull
"ddress
varchar>5?8
#otnull
0
ualification
varchar>5?8
#otnull
5
$OB
$ateti-e
#otnull
7
ender
varchar>5?8
notnull
@
Phone#o
varchar>5?8
#otnull
A
-ailI$
varchar>5?8
#otnull
$esi+nation
varchar>5?8
#otnull
1?
$epart-ent
varchar>5?8
#otnull
Dept of CSE
Reference
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11
$O)
$ateti-e
#otnull
12
"+e
int
#otnull
&/l3Route$etails !no
Colu-nna-e
$atat,pe
Constraint
1
R&I$
Int
P=
2
Routed
varchar>5?8
#ot#%LL
Route$escription
varchar>5?8
#ot#%LL
0
!ource
varchar>5?8
#ot#%LL
5
$estination
varchar>5?8
#ot#%LL
reference
&/l3!hift!chedule !no Colu-nna-e
$atat,pe
constraint
1
!!I$
int
P=
2
!hift!chduleI$ varchar>5?8
'=
&/l3!hiftti-in+s
-pI$
varchar>5?8
'=
&/l3-plo,ee
0
$epart-ent
varchar>5?8
#otnull
5
BatchI$
varchar>5?8
'=
7
-p#a-e
varchar>5?8
#otnull
@
!hiftI$
varchar>5?8
'=
Dept of CSE
reference
&/l3/atchdetails
&/l3!hiftdetails Page
COOL CAB SERVICES
A
Routed
varchar>5?8
'=
&/l3Routedetails
&/l3!hift&i-ein+ !no Colu-nna-e
$atat,pe
Constraint reference
1
!I$
int
P=
2
!hiftI$
varchar>5?8
#ot#ull
!hift#a-e
varchar>5?8
#ot#ull
0
!tartin+&i-e
varchar>5?8
#ot#ull
5
$ispatch&i-e
varchar>5?8
#ot#ull
7
#oBatches
varchar>5?8
#ot#ull
&/l3!parePartBiilin+ !no Colu-nna-e
$atat,pe
Constraint
1
Bill#o
varchar>5?8
P=
2
4ehicleI$
varchar>5?8
'=
!pare&,pe
varchar>5?8
#otnull
0
uantit,
Int
#otnull
5
Bill$ate
varchar>5?8
#otnull
7
!parePart
varchar>5?8
#otnull
@
Price
Int
#otnull
A
&otal"-ount
int
#otnull
Reference
&/l34ehicledetails
&/l3!pareParts$etails Dept of CSE
Page
COOL CAB SERVICES
!no Colu-nna-e
$atat,pe
Constraint
1
!PI$
Int
P=
2
!parerPartI$
varchar>5?8
#ot#ull
$ealer#a-e
varchar>5?8
#ot#ull
0
!parePart&,pe
varchar>5?8
#ot#ull
5
uantit,
varchar>5?8
#ot#ull
7
!parePart
varchar>5?8
#ot#ull
@
$ateOfPurchase
dateti-e
#ot#ull
A
Price
varchar>5?8
#ot#ull
"-ountPaid
varchar>5?8
#ot#ull
Reference
&/l3&rip!heet !no Colu-nna-e
$atat,pe
Constraint
1
int
P=
&I$
Dept of CSE
$atat,pe
Page
COOL CAB SERVICES
2
&rip!heetI$
varchar>5?8
#ot #%ll
"llocationI$
varchar>5?8
'=
&/l34ehicle"llocation
0
4ehicleI$
varchar>5?8
'=
&/l34ehicle details
5
Rate=M
varchar>5?8
#ot #%ll
7
=M
varchar>5?8
#ot #ull
@
&otal"-ount
int
#ot #ull
A
Re-ar6
varchar>5?8
#ot #ull
&/l34ehicle"llocation$etails !no Colu-nna-e
$atat,pe
Constraint
1
4"I$
int
P=
2
4ehicle"llocationI$
varchar>5?8
#ot
Reference
#%LL
4ehicleI$
Dept of CSE
varchar>5?8
'6
&/l34ehicle details Page
COOL CAB SERVICES
0
-plo,eeI$
varchar>5?8
'=
&/l3-plo,ee details
5
$riverI$
varchar>5?8
'=
7
Pic6up$rop
varchar>5?8
#ot
&/l3$river$etails
#%LL @
Routed
int
#ot #%LL
A
4$ate
varchar>5?8
#ot #%LL
&/l34ehicle$etails !no Colu-nna-e
$atat,pe
Constraint
1
4(I$
int
P=
2
4ehicleI$
varchar>5?8
#ot #ull
#a-e
varchar>5?8
#ot #ull
0
4enderI$
varchar>5?8
#ot #ull
5
$riverI$
varchar>5?8
#ot #ull
7
4ehicle&,pe
varchar>5?8
#ot #ull
@
Re+istor#o
varchar>5?8
#ot #ull
A
Rate=-
varchar>5?8
#ot #ull
Dept of CSE
Reference
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Capacit,
varchar>5?8
#ot #ull
1?
Routed
int
#ot #ull
&/l34ender$etails !no
Colu-nna-e
$atat,pe
Constraint
1
4I$
Int
P=
2
4enderI$
varchar>5?8
#ot#ull
4ender#a-e
varchar>5?8
#ot#ull
0
"ddress
varchar>5?8
#ot#ull
5
Phone#o
varchar>5?8
#ot#ull
reference
Chapter 7
I-ple-entation of Project
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$escription of &echnolo+, %sed in Project. 7.1. I#&RO$%C&IO# &O .#& 'ra-ewor6
The .5+T &ramework is a new computing platform that simplifies application development in the highly distributed environment of the Internet. The .5+T &ramework is designed to fulfill the following ob!ectives2 •
To provide a consistent ob!ect"oriented programming environment whether ob!ect code is stored and e$ecuted locally, e$ecuted locally but Internet"distributed, or e$ecuted remotely.
•
To provide a code"e$ecution environment that minimies software deployment and versioning conflicts.
•
To provide a code"e$ecution environment that guarantees safe e$ecution of code, including code created by an unknown or semi"trusted third party.
•
To provide a code"e$ecution environment that eliminates the performance problems of scripted or interpreted environments.
•
To make the developer e$perience consistent across widely varying types of applications, such as Windows"based applications and Web"based applications.
•
To build all communication on industry standards to ensure that code based on the .5+T &ramework can integrate with any other code.
The .5+T &ramework can be hosted by unmanaged components that load the common language runtime into their processes and initiate the e$ecution of managed code, thereby Dept of CSE
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creating a software environment that can e$ploit both managed and unmanaged features. The .5+T &ramework not only provides several runtime hosts, but also supports the development of third"party runtime hosts..
'"&%R! O' &( COMMO# L"#%" R%#&IM The common language runtime manages memory, thread e$ecution, code e$ecution, code safety verification, compilation, and other system services. These features are intrinsic to the managed code that runs on the common language runtime. With regards to security, managed components are awarded varying degrees of trust, depending on a number of factors that include their origin Hsuch as the Internet, enterprise network, or local computer. This means that a managed component might or might not be able to perform file"access operations, registry"access operations, or other sensitive functions, even if it is being used in the same active application. The runtime enforces code access security. &or e$ample, users can trust that an e$ecutable embedded in a Web page can play an animation on screen or sing a song, but cannot access their personal data, file system, or network. The security features of the runtime thus enable legitimate Internet"deployed software to be e$ceptionally featuring rich. The runtime also enforces code robustness by implementing a strict type" and code" verification infrastructure called the common type system HCTS. The CTS ensures that all managed code is self"describing. The various #icrosoft and third"party language compilers 8enerate managed code that conforms to the CTS. This means that managed code can consume other managed types and instances, while strictly enforcing type fidelity and type safety. In addition, the managed environment of the runtime eliminates many common software issues. &or e$ample, the runtime automatically handles ob!ect layout and manages references to ob!ects, releasing them when they are no longer being used. This automatic memory management resolves the two most common application errors, memory leaks and invalid memory references.
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The runtime also accelerates developer productivity. &or e$ample, programmers can write applications in their development language of choice, yet take full advantage of the runtime, the class library, and components written in other languages by other developers.
#& 'R"M9OR= CL"!! LIBR"R;
.
The .5+T &ramework class library is a collection of reusable types that tightly integrate with the common language runtime. The class library is ob!ect oriented, providing types from which your own managed code can derive functionality. This not only makes the .5+T &ramework types easy to use, but also reduces the time associated with learning new features of the .5+T &ramework. In addition, third"party components can integrate seamlessly with classes in the .5+T &ramework. &or e$ample, the .5+T &ramework collection classes implement a set of interfaces that you can use to develop your own collection classes. Gour collection classes will blend seamlessly with the classes in the .5+T &ramework. As you would e$pect from an ob!ect"oriented class library, the .5+T &ramework types enable you to accomplish a range of common programming tasks, including tasks such as string management, data collection, database connectivity, and file access. In addition to these common tasks, the class library includes types that support a variety of specialied development scenarios. &or e$ample, you can use the .5+T &ramework to develop the mentioned types of applications and services2 i.
Console applications.
ii.
Scripted or hosted applications.
iii.
Windows 80I applications HWindows &orms.
iv.
AS.5+T applications.
v.
B#7 Web services.
vi.
Windows services. &or e$ample, the Windows &orms classes are a comprehensive set of reusable types
that vastly simplify Windows 80I development. If you write an AS.5+T Web &orm application, you can use the Web &orms classes.
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CLI#& "PPLIC"&IO# $4LOPM#& Client applications are the closest to a traditional style of application in Windows" based programming. These are the types of applications that display windows or forms on the desktop, enabling a user to perform a task. Client applications include applications such as word processors and spreadsheets, as well as custom business applications such as data" entry tools, reporting tools, and so on. Client applications usually employ windows, menus, buttons, and other 80I elements, and they likely access local resources such as the file system and peripherals such as printers. Another kind of client application is the traditional ActiveB control Hnow replaced by the managed Windows &orms control deployed over the Internet as a Web page. This application is much like other client applications2 it is e$ecuted natively, has access to local resources, and includes graphical elements. In the past, developers created such applications using CKCLL in con!unction with the #icrosoft &oundation Classes H#&C or with a rapid application development H)A/ environment such as #icrosoftM :isual 1asicM. The .5+T &ramework incorporates aspects of these e$isting products into a single, consistent development environment that drastically simplifies the development of client applications. The Windows &orms classes contained in the .5+T &ramework are designed to be used for 80I development. Gou can easily create command windows, buttons, menus, toolbars, and other screen elements with the fle$ibility necessary to accommodate shifting business needs. &or e$ample, the .5+T &ramework provides simple properties to ad!ust visual attributes associated with forms. In some cases the underlying operating system does not support changing these attributes directly, and in these cases the .5+T &ramework automatically recreates the forms. This is one of many ways in which the .5+T &ramework integrates the developer interface, making coding simpler and more consistent.
7.2
"!P.#&
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!erver "pplication $evelop-ent Server"side applications in the managed world are implemented through runtime hosts. hosts. 0nmana 0nmanaged ged applic applicati ations ons host host the commo common n langua language ge runtim runtime, e, which which allows allows your your custom managed code to control the behavior of the server. This model provides you with all the the feat featur ures es of the the comm common on lang langua uage ge runt runtim imee and and clas classs libr librar ary y whil whilee gain gainin ing g the the performance and scalability of the host server. The following illustration shows a basic network schema with managed code running in different server environment environments. s. Servers Servers such as IIS and S*7 Server can perform standard operations while your application logic e$ecutes through the managed code.
!R4R!I$ !R4R!I$ M"#"$ M "#"$ CO$
AS. AS.5+T is the hostin hosting g enviro environm nment ent that that enable enabless develo developer perss to use the .5+T .5+T &ramework to target Web"based Web"based applications. owever, AS AS..5+T is more than !ust a runtime hostN it is a complete complete architecture architecture for developing developing Web Web sites and Internet"distr Internet"distribute ibuted d ob!ects ob!ects using managed code. 1oth Web &orms and B#7 Web services use IIS and AS.5+T as the publishing mechanism for applications, and both have a collection of supporting classes c lasses in the .5+T &ramework. B#7 Web Web services, an important evolution in Web"based Web"based technology, are distributed, server"side application components similar to common Web sites. owever, unlike Web" based applications, B#7 We Web b services components have no 0I and are not targeted for browsers such as Internet +$plorer and 5etscape 5avigator. Instead, B#7 We Web b services consist of reusable software components designed to be consumed by other applications, such as traditional client applications, Web"based applications, or even other B#7 Web servi service ces. s. As a resul result, t, B#7 B#7 Web servi service cess tech techno nolo logy gy is rapi rapidl dly y movi moving ng appl applica icati tion on development and deployment into the highly distributed environment of the Internet.
"C&I4 !R4R P"!.#&
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AS.5+T is a programming framework built on the common language runtime that can be used on a server server to build build powerfu powerfull Web applic applicatio ations. ns. AS. AS.5+T offers offers several several important advantages over previous Web Web development models2
•
nhanced Perfor-ance. AS.5+T is compiled common language runtime code running on the server. 0nlike its interpreted predecessors, AS.5+ AS.5+T T can take advantage of early binding, !ust"in"time compilation, native optimiation, and caching services right out of the bo$. This amounts to dramatically better performance performance before you ever write a line of code.
•
9orldClass &ool !upport . The AS. AS.5+T framework is complemented by a rich tool toolbo bo$ $ and and desi design gner er in the the :isual sual Stud Studio io inte integr grat ated ed deve develo lopm pmen entt envi enviro ronm nmen ent. t. WGSIWG8 editing, drag"and"drop server controls, and automatic deployment are !ust a few of the features this powerful tool provides.
•
Power and 'le*i/ilit, . 1ecause AS.5+T is based on the common language runtime, runtime, the power and fle$ibility fle$ibility of that entire platform is available available to Web application application developers. The .5+T &ramework class library, #essaging, and /ata Access solutions are all seamlessly accessible from the Web. AS.5+T is also language"independent, so you can choose the language that best applies to your application or partition your application across many languages. &urther, common language runtime interoperability guarantees that your e$isting investment in C-#"based development is preserved when migrating to AS.5+T.
•
!i-plicit,. AS.5+T makes it easy to perform common tasks, from simple form submission and client authentication to deployment and site configuration. &or e$ample, the AS.5+T page framework allows you to build user interfaces that cleanly separate application logic from presentation code and to handle events in a simple, :isual 1asic " like forms processing model. model. Addition Additionally ally,, the common common language language runtime runtime simplifies simplifies develo developme pment, nt, with with manage managed d code code services services such such as automa automatic tic referen reference ce counti counting ng and garbage collection.
•
Mana+ea/ilit,. AS.5+T employs a te$t"based, hierarchical configuration system, which simplifies applying settings to your server environment and Web applications. 1ecause configuration information is stored as plain te$t, new settings may be applied
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without the aid of local administration tools. This Oero local administrationO philosophy e$tends to deploying AS.5+T &ramework applications as well. An AS.5+T &ramework application is deployed to a server simply by copying the necessary files to the server. 5o server restart is re(uired, even to deploy or replace running compiled code. •
!cala/ilit, and "vaila/ilit, . AS.5+T has been designed with scalability in mind, mind, with with feature featuress specif specifical ically ly tailor tailored ed to improv improvee perfor performan mance ce in cluster clustered ed and multiprocesso multiprocessorr environmen environments. ts. &urther, &urther, processes are closely monitored monitored and managed by the AS.5+T runtime, so that if one misbehaves Hleaks, deadlocks, a new process can be created in its place, which helps keep your application constantly available to handle re(uests.
•
CustoCusto-iDa iDa/il /ilit, it, and *tens *tensi/i i/ili lit, t,.. AS. S.5+T 5+T deli delive vers rs a well well"fa "fact ctor ored ed architecture that allows developers to Oplug"inO their code at the appropriate level. In fact, it is possible to e$tend or replace any subcomponent of the AS.5+T runtime with your own custom"written component. Implementing custom authentication or state services has never been easier.
•
!ecurit,. With built in Windows authentication and per"application configuration, you can be assured that your applications are secure.
L"#%" !%PPOR& The #icrosoft .5+T latform currently offers built"in support for three languages2 C, :isual :isual 1asic, and 9Script.
9("& I! "!P.#& "!P.#& 9B 'ORM!E 'ORM! E The AS.5+T Web &orms page framework is a scalable common language runtime programming model that can be used on the the server to dynamically generate Web Web pages.
CO$B(I#$ 9B 'ORM! AS.5+T supports two methods of authoring dynamic pages. The first is the method shown in the preceding samples, where the page code is physically declared within the originating .asp$ file. An alternative approach""known as the code"behind method""enables
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the page code to be more cleanly separated from the T#7 content into an entirely separate file.
I#&RO$%C&IO# &O "!P.#& !R4R CO#&ROL! In addition to Hor instead of using PQ QR code blocks to program dynamic content, AS.5+T page developers can use AS.5+T server controls to program Web pages. Server controls are declared within an .asp$ file using custom tags or intrinsic T#7 tags that contain a runatFGserverG attributes value. Intrinsic T#7 tags are handled by one of the controls in the !,ste-.9e/.%I.(t-lControls namespace. Any tag that doesn%t e$plicitly map
to
one
of
the
controls
is
assigned
the
type
of
!,ste-.9e/.%I.(t-lControls.(t-lenericControl . Server controls automatically maintain any client"entered values between round trips
to the server. This control state is not stored on the server Hit is instead stored within an Hinput t,peFGhiddenG form field that is round"tripped between re(uests. 5ote also that
no client"side script is re(uired. In addition to supporting standard T#7 input controls, AS.5+T enables developers to utilie richer custom controls on their pages. &or e$ample, the following sample demonstrates how the Hasp:adrotator control can be used to dynamically display rotating ads on a page. @. AS.5+T Web &orms provide an easy and powerful way to build dynamic Web 0I. =. AS.5+T Web &orms pages can target any browser client Hthere are no script library or cookie re(uirements. J. AS.5+T Web &orms pages provide synta$ compatibility with e$isting AS pages. <. AS.5+T server controls provide an easy way to encapsulate common functionality.
7.
CJ.#&
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"$O.#& O4R4I9 A/-.5+T is an evolution of the A/- data access model that directly addresses user re(uirements for developing scalable applications. It was designed specifically for the web with scalability, statelessness, and B#7 in mind. A/-.5+T uses some A/- ob!ects, such as the Connection and Co--and ob!ects, and also introduces new ob!ects. ;ey new A/-.5+T ob!ects include the $ata!et, $ataReader , and $ata"dapter. The important distinction between this evolved stage of A/-.5+T and previous data architectures is that there e$ists an ob!ect "" the $ata!et "" that is separate and distinct from any data stores. 1ecause of that, the $ata!et functions as a standalone entity. Gou can think of the /ataSet as an always disconnected recordset that knows nothing about the source or destination of the data it contains. Inside a $ata!et, much like in a database, there are tables, columns, relationships, constraints, views, and so forth. A $ata"dapter is the ob!ect that connects to the database to fill the $ata!et. Then, it connects back to the database to update the data there, based on operations performed while the $ata!et held the data. In the past, data processing has been primarily connection" based. 5ow, in an effort to make multi"tiered apps more efficient, data processing is turning to a message"based approach that revolves around chunks of information. At the center of this approach is the $ata"dapter, which provides a bridge to retrieve and save data between a $ata!et and its source data store. It accomplishes this by means of re(uests to the appropriate S*7 commands made against the data store. The B#7"based $ata!et ob!ect provides a consistent programming model that works with all models of data storage2 flat, relational, and hierarchical. It does this by having no %knowledge% of the source of its data, and by representing the data that it holds as •
Connections. &or connection to and managing transactions against a database.
•
Co--ands. &or issuing S*7 commands against a database.
•
$ataReaders. &or reading a forward"only stream of data records from a S*7 Server
data source.
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•
$ata!ets . &or storing, )emoting and programming against flat data, B#7 data and
relational data. •
$ata"dapters . &or pushing data into a $ata!et, and reconciling data against a
database. When dealing with connections to a database, there are two different options2 S*7 Server .5+T /ata rovider HSystem./ata.S(lClient and -7+ /1 .5+T /ata rovider HSystem./ata.-le/b. In these samples we will use the S*7 Server .5+T /ata rovider. These are written to talk directly to #icrosoft S*7 Server. The -7+ /1 .5+T /ata rovider is used to talk to any -7+ /1 provider Has it uses -7+ /1 underneath.
Connections: Connections are used to %talk to% databases, and are represented by provider"specific classes such as !lConnection. Commands travel over connections and resultsets are returned in the form of streams which can be read by a $ataReader ob!ect, or pushed into a $ata!et ob!ect.
Co--ands: Commands contain the information that is submitted to a database, and are represented by provider"specific classes such as !lCo--and. A command can be a stored procedure call, an 0/AT+ statement, or a statement that returns results. Gou can also use input and output parameters, and return values as part of your command synta$. The e$ample below shows how to issue an I5S+)T statement against the #orthwind database.
$ataReaders: The $ataReader ob!ect is somewhat synonymous with a read"onlyKforward"only cursor over data. The $ataReader AI supports flat as well as hierarchical data. A $ataReader ob!ect is returned after e$ecuting a command against a database. The format of
the returned $ataReader ob!ect is different from a recordset. &or e$ample, you might use the $ataReader to show the results of a search list in a web page.
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$"&"!&! "#$ $"&""$"P&R! : $ata!ets
The $ata!et ob!ect is similar to the A/- Recordset ob!ect, but more
powerful, and with one other important distinction2 the $ata!et is always disconnected. The $ata!et ob!ect represents a cache of data, with database"like structures such as tables,
columns, relationships, and constraints. owever, though a $ata!et can and does behave much like a database, it is important to remember that $ata!et ob!ects do not interact directly with databases, or other source data. This allows the developer to work with a programming model that is always consistent, regardless of where the source data resides. /ata coming from a database, an B#7 file, from code, or user input can all be placed into $ata!et ob!ects. Then, as changes are made to the $ata!et they can be tracked and verified
before updating the source data. The etChan+es method of the $ata!et ob!ect actually creates a second $at!et that contains only the changes to the data. This $ata!et is then used by a $ata"dapter Hor other ob!ects to update the original data source. The $ata!et has many B#7 characteristics, including the ability to produce and consume B#7 data and B#7 schemas. B#7 schemas can be used to describe schemas interchanged via WebServices. In fact, a $ata!et with a schema can actually be compiled for type safety and statement completion.
$"&""$"P&R! >OL$BK!L8 The $ata"dapter ob!ect works as a bridge between the $ata!et and the source data. 0sing the provider"specific !l$ata"dapter Halong with its associated !lCo--and and !lConnection can increase overall performance when working with a #icrosoft S*7
Server databases. &or other -7+ /1"supported databases, you would use the Ole$/$ata"dapter ob!ect and its associated Ole$/Co--and and Ole$/Connection
ob!ects. The $ata"dapter ob!ect uses commands to update the data source after changes have been made to the $ata!et . 0sing the 'ill method of the $ata"dapter calls the S+7+CT commandN using the %pdate method calls the I5S+)T, 0/AT+ or /+7+T+ command for each changed row. Gou can e$plicitly set these commands in order to control the statements used at runtime to resolve changes, including the use of stored procedures. &or ad"hoc Dept of CSE
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scenarios, a Co--andBuilder ob!ect can generate these at run"time based upon a select statement. owever, this run"time generation re(uires an e$tra round"trip to the server in order to gather re(uired metadata, so e$plicitly providing the I5S+)T, 0/AT+, and /+7+T+ commands at design time will result in better run"time performance.
@.
A/-.5+T is the ne$t evolution of A/- for the .5et &ramework.
=.
A/-.5+T was created with n"Tier, statelessness and B#7 in the forefront. Two new ob!ects, the $ata!et and $ata"dapter, are provided for these scenarios.
J.
A/-.5+T can be used to get data from a stream, or to store data in a cache for updates.
<.
There is a lot more information about A/-.5+T in the documentation.
?.
)emember, you can e$ecute a command directly against the database in order to do inserts, updates, and deletes. Gou don%t need to first put data into a $ata!et in order to insert, update, or delete it.
.
Also, you can use a $ata!et to bind to the data, move through the data, and navigate data relationships
7.0
!L !R4R
A database management, or /1#S, gives the user access to their data and helps them transform the data into information. Such database management systems include d1ase, parado$, I#S, S*7 Server and S*7 Server. These systems allow users to create, update and e$tract information from their database. A database is a structured collection of data. /ata refers to the characteristics of people, things and events. S*7 Server stores each data item in its own fields. In S*7 Server, the fields relating to a particular person, thing or event are bundled together to form a single complete unit of data, called a record Hit can also be referred to as raw or an occurrence. +ach record is made up of a number of fields. 5o two fields in a record can have the same field name. Dept of CSE
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/uring an S*7 Server /atabase design pro!ect, the analysis of your business needs identifies all the fields or attributes of interest. If your business needs change over time, you define any additional fields or change the definition of e$isting fields.
!L !R4R &"BL! S*7 Server stores records relating to each other in a table. /ifferent tables are created for the various groups of information. )elated tables are grouped together to form a database.
PRIM"R; =; +very table in S*7 Server has a field or a combination of fields that uni(uely identifies each record in the table. The 0ni(ue identifier is called the rimary ;ey, or simply the ;ey. The primary key provides the means to distinguish one record from all other in a table. It allows the user and the database system to identify, locate and refer to one particular record in the database.
RL"&IO#"L $"&"B"! Sometimes all the information of interest to a business operation can be stored in one table. S*7 Server makes it very easy to link the data in multiple tables. #atching an employee to the department in which they work is one e$ample. This is what makes S*7 Server a relational database management system, or )/1#S. It stores data in two or more tables and enables you to define relationships between the table and enables you to define relationships between the tables.
'ORI# =; When a field is one table matches the primary key of another field is referred to as a foreign key. A foreign key is a field or a group of fields in one table whose values match those of the primary key of another table.
R'R#&I"L I#&RI&; 5ot only does S*7 Server allow you to link multiple tables, it also maintains consistency between them. +nsuring that the data among related tables is correctly matched is referred to as maintaining referential integrity.
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A ma!or purpose of a database system is to provide users with an abstract view of the data. This system hides certain details of how the data is stored and maintained. /ata abstraction is divided into three levels.
Ph,sical level2 This is the lowest level of abstraction at which one describes how the data are actually stored.
Conceptual Level2 At this level of database abstraction all the attributed and what data are actually stored is described and entries and relationship among them. 4iew level2 This is the highest level of abstraction at which one describes only part of the database.
"$4"#&"! O' R$BM!
•
)edundancy can be avoided
•
Inconsistency can be eliminated
•
/ata can be Shared
•
Standards can be enforced
•
Security restrictions can be applied
•
Integrity can be maintained
•
Conflicting re(uirements can be balanced
•
/ata independence can be achieved.
$I!"$4"#&"! O' $BM! A significant disadvantage of the /1#S system is cost. In addition to the cost of purchasing of developing the software, the hardware has to be upgraded to allow for the e$tensive programs and the workspace re(uired for their e$ecution and storage.
'"&%R! O' !L !R4R >R$BM! S*7 S+):+) is one of the leading database management systems H/1#S because it is the only /atabase that meets the uncompromising re(uirements of today's most demanding information systems. &rom comple$ decision support systems H/SS to the most rigorous online transaction processing H-7T application, even application that re(uire Dept of CSE
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simultaneous /SS and -7T access to the same critical data, S*7 Server leads the industry in both performance and capability
#&RPRI! 9I$ $"&" !("RI# The unrivaled portability and connectivity of the S*7 S+):+) /1#S enables all the systems in the organiation to be linked into a singular, integrated computing resource.
POR&"BILI&; S*7 S+):+) is fully portable to more than > distinct hardware and operating systems platforms, including 05IB, #S/-S, -SK=, #acintosh and doens of proprietary platforms. This portability gives complete freedom to choose the database sever platform that meets the system re(uirements.
OP# !;!&M! S*7 S+):+) offers a leading implementation of industry Fstandard S*7. S*7 Server's open architecture integrates S*7 S+):+) and non FS*7 S+):+) /1#S with industries most comprehensive collection of tools, application, and third party software products S*7 Server's -pen architecture provides transparent access to data from other relational database and even non"relational database.
$I!&RIB%&$ $"&" !("RI# S*7 Server's networking and distributed database capabilities to access data stored on remote server with the same ease as if the information was stored on a single local computer. A single S*7 statement can access data at multiple sites. Gou can store data where system re(uirements such as performance, security or availability dictate.
%#M"&C($ PR'ORM"#C The most advanced architecture in the industry allows the S*7 S+):+) /1#S to deliver unmatched performance.
!OP(I!&IC"&$ CO#C%RR#C; CO#&ROL )eal World applications demand access to critical data. With most database Systems application becomes Dcontention boundE F which performance is limited not by the C0 power or by disk IK-, but user waiting on one another for data access . S*7 Server employs Dept of CSE
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full, unrestricted row"level locking and contention free (ueries to minimie and in many cases entirely eliminates contention wait times. #O IKO BO&&L#C=! S*7 Server's fast commit groups commit and deferred write technologies
dramatically reduce disk IK- bottlenecks. While some database write whole data block to disk at commit time, S*7 Server commits transactions with at most se(uential log file on disk at commit time, -n high throughput systems, one se(uential writes typically group commit multiple transactions. /ata read by the transaction remains as shared memory so that other transactions may access that data without reading it again from disk. Since fast commits write all data necessary to the recovery to the log file, modified blocks are written back to the database independently of the transaction commit, when written from memory to disk.
7.5. !"MPL CO$ usin+ !,ste- usin+ !,ste-.$ata usin+ !,ste-.Confi+uration usin+ !,ste-.Collections usin+ !,ste-.9e/ usin+ !,ste-.9e/.!ecurit, Dept of CSE
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usin+ !,ste-.9e/.%I usin+ !,ste-.9e/.%I.9e/Controls usin+ !,ste-.9e/.%I.9e/Controls.9e/Parts usin+ !,ste-.9e/.%I.(t-lControls
pu/lic partial class "d-in3"d-inLo+in : !,ste-.9e/.%I.Pa+e protected void Pa+e3Load>o/ject senderN vent"r+s e8
"d-inBo $ata F new "d-inBo>8 protected void But3Lo+in3Clic6>o/ject senderN vent"r+s e8 strin+ $ept F strin+.-pt, $ata.%serId F &*t3%ser#a-e.&e*t $ata.Password F &*t3Password.&e*t $ata!et ds F new $ata!et>8 ds F $ata."d-inLo+in>8 $ept F ds.&a/les?Q.Rows?QG$epart-entGQ.&o!trin+>8.&ri->8 if >$ept F G%ser #ot*istsG8
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!essionG%serIdGQ F &*t3%ser#a-e.&e*t if >$ept FF G"d-inG8
Response.Redirect>GSK"d-inK9elCo-eMainPa+e.asp*G8 else if >$ept FF G(RMana+erG8
Response.Redirect>GSK(RMan+erK(RMan+er.asp*G8 else if >$ept FF GMaintainenceMana+erG8
Response.Redirect>GSK-aintenanceMan+erK9elCo-eMaintenancePa+e.asp*G8 else if >$ept FF GMove-ent-ana+erG8
Response.Redirect>GSKMove-ent(o-ePa+eKMove-ent(o-ePa+e.asp*G8 else if >$ept FF G'inanceMana+erG8
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else if >$ept FF Gualit,Mana+erG8
Response.Redirect>GSKulit,"ssranceMan+erK9elCo-epa+e.asp*G8
else Pa+e.Re+ister!tartup!cript>G!!GN GHscript alert>TG U $ept U
GT8HKscriptG8
Chapter @
!;!&M &!&I# "#$ IMPLM#&"&IO#
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@.1. I#&RO$%C&IO# Software testing is a critical element of software (uality assurance and represents the ultimate review of specification, design and coding. In fact, testing is the one step in the software engineering process that could be viewed as destructive rather than constructive. A strategy for software testing integrates software test case design methods into a well"planned series of steps that result in the successful construction of software. Testing is the set of activities that can be planned in advance and conducted systematically. The underlying motivation of program testing is to affirm software (uality with methods that can economically and effectively apply to both strategic to both large and small"scale systems.
@.2. !O'&9"R &!&I# The software engineering process can be viewed as a spiral. Initially system engineering defines the role of software and leads to software re(uirement analysis where the information domain, functions, behavior, performance, constraints and validation criteria for software are established. #oving inward along the spiral, we come to design and finally to
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coding. To develop computer software we spiral in along streamlines that decrease the level of abstraction on each turn. A strategy for software testing may also be viewed in the conte$t of the spiral. 0nit testing begins at the verte$ of the spiral and concentrates on each unit of the software as implemented in source code. Testing progress by moving outward along the spiral to integration testing, where the focus is on the design and the construction of the software architecture. Talking another turn on outward on the spiral we encounter validation testing where re(uirements established as part of software re(uirements analysis are validated against the software that has been constructed. &inally we arrive at system testing, where the software and other system elements are tested as a whole.
UNI( (ES(IN%
MODULE (ES(IN%
*omponent Testing SUB0S1S(EM (ESIN%
S1S(EM (ES(IN%
Integration Testing
ACCEP(ANCE (ES(IN%
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@.. %nit &estin+ 0nit testing focuses verification effort on the smallest unit of software design, the module. The unit testing we have is white bo$ oriented and some modules the steps are conducted in parallel.
1. 9(I& BOV &!&I# This type of testing ensures that •
All independent paths have been e$ercised at least once
•
All logical decisions have been e$ercised on their true and false sides
•
All loops are e$ecuted at their boundaries and within their operational bounds
•
All internal data structures have been e$ercised to assure their validity.
2. B"!IC P"&( &!&I# +stablished techni(ue of flow graph with Cyclomatic comple$ity was used to derive test cases for all the functions. The main steps in deriving test cases were2 0se the design of the code and draw correspondent flow graph. /etermine the Cyclomatic comple$ity of resultant flow graph, using formula2 :H8+"5L= or :H8L@ or Dept of CSE
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:H85umber -f )egions Where :H8 is Cyclomatic comple$ity, + is the number of edges, 5 is the number of flow graph nodes, is the number of predicate nodes.
/etermine the basis of set of linearly independent paths.
. CO#$I&IO#"L &!&I# In this part of the testing each of the conditions were tested to both true and false aspects. And all the resulting paths were tested. So that each path that may be generate on particular condition is traced to uncover any possible errors.
0. $"&" 'LO9 &!&I# This type of testing selects the path of the program according to the location of definition and use of variables. This kind of testing was used only when some local variable were declared. The definition"use chain method was used in this type of testing. These were particularly useful in nested statements.
5. LOOP &!&I# In this type of testing all the loops are tested to all the limits possible. The following e$ercise was adopted for all loops2 •
All the loops were tested at their limits, !ust above them and !ust below them.
•
All the loops were skipped at least once.
•
&or nested loops test the inner most loop first and then work outwards.
•
&or concatenated loops the values of dependent loops were set with the help of connected loop.
•
0nstructured loops were resolved into nested loops or concatenated loops and tested as above.
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+ach unit has been separately tested by the development team itself and all the input have been validated.
Chapter >
Output !creens
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Chapter
Conclusion
.1Li-itations Cool Cab Services is a Web application and it is restricted to only limited type of users. In this application ,/ifferent types of managers have been given access rights and they are restricted up to their functionalities, so that the data is maintained securely and redundant data is prevented. As the /ata is stored electronically, it is necessary to have a Computer and 5etwork connection to access the Application. ere The /etails of +mployees and /rivers, cabs are maintained but accounts to these people are not created. using this application mangers do assign or update the batch,shift of cabs to drivers and employees. 1ut employees are unable to view their details .
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.2 'uture nhance-ents +very +dition of an book comes with new topics and modifications if any errors are present. In the similar way, in near future ,our application will overcome the flaws if occurred, and attains new features offered to employees for the &le$ible and easy Transportation. &ollowing are the +nhancements to the application. roviding 8ood 0ser Interface.
roviding access permissions to the employees
Try to Implement the 8S system in the Cabs.
. BIBLIOR"P(;
•
'OR .#& I#!&"LL"&IO# www.support.mircosoft.com
•
'OR $PLO;M#& "#$ P"C=I# O# !R4R www.developer.com www.@?seconds.com
•
'OR !L
www.msdn.microsoft.com •
'OR "!P.#&
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