Capítulo 7: Ocho edades del hombre Erik Erikson RESUMEN

Bpdl Bpdlqkg' Aev ?= Kajk bhehbq hbi jkn`pb' 5' Akgcdeg}e `åqdae S+Q Hbqakgcdeg}e `åqdae' *Qbgqkpdk kpei$

Ie vpdnbpe hbnkqxpeadñg hbi gdõk vburbõk hb akgcdeg}e qkadei bq ie ceadidheh hb qr eidnbgxeadñg) qr qrbõk' Bg ie sdodide sdodide bqxb aknvprb`e urb ikq hdcbpbgxbq bqxînrikq urb hbqvdbpxeg qbgqeadkgbq qkg aehe sb} nåq cendidepbq) vkqbtbghk rg qbgxdndbgxk hb `kgheh dgcbpdkp' Bi akgabvxk hb akgcdeg}e dnvidae gk qkik urb je evpbghdhk e akgcdep bg ie ndqndheh t ie akgxdgrdheh hb ikq vpksbbhkpbq bzxbpgkq) qdgk urb xen`däg bg ie aeveadheh hb akgcdep bg rgk ndqnk' Vepe ie qkiradñg hbi akgcidaxk bgxpb A@ t H@ bq crghenbgxei ie pbieadñg nexbpge' Vkp ik urb hbadnkq urb ie aegxdheh hb akgcdeg}e hbpdsehe hb ie nåq xbnvpege bzvbpdbgade dgcegxdi hbvbghbpå hb ie areidheh hb ie pbieadñg nexbpge' Bqxk apbe ie `eqb hb rg qbgxdndbgxk hb dhbgxdheh urb nåq xephb aen`depe ei qbp ’eabvxe`ib„' Ikq vehpbq hb`bg vpbqbgxep e akgsdaadñg vpkcrghe hb urb xkhk ik urb jeabg xdbgb rg qbgxdhk t qdogdcdaehk' Ie akgcdeg}e bq bqbgadei vepe bi qbgxdhk hb pbeidheh' Bi vqdakegåidqdq qrvkgb urb bi xbnvpegk vpkabqk hb hdcbpbgadeadñg bgxpb ehbgxpk t ecrbpe bq bi kpdobg hb ie vpktbaadñg t ie dgxpktbaadñg) urb vbpnegbabg aknk hkq hb grbqxpkq nåq vpkcrghkq t vbidopkqkq nbaegdqnkq hb hbcbgqe'

0' Erxkgknîe S+Q Sbpoùbg}e t hrhe' *Nrqariep egei$

Ie nehrpeadñg nrqariep vpbvepe bi bqabgepdk vepe ie bzvbpdnbgxeadñg akg hkq qbpdbq qdnrixågbeq hb nkheidhehbq qkadeibq= Ecbppep= pbxbgbp k pbqxpdgodp *ckpneq hbqxpraxdseq$< t xbgbp k akgqbpsep *vexpñg hb ardhehk$' Bi akgxpki bzxbpdkp bg bqxe bxeve hb`b qbp cdpnbnbgxb xpegurdid}ehkp' Ie cdpnb}e hb`b vpkxbobpik akgxpe ie egepurîe vkxbgadei hb qr qbgxdhk hb hdqapdndgeadñg erg gk ehdbqxpehk) qr dgaeveadheh vepe pbxbgbp t qkixep akg hdqapbadñg' Ie sbpoùbg}e qrvkgb urb rgk bqxå aknvibxenbgxb bzvrbqxk t akgqadbgxb hb qbp ndpehk= akgqadbgxb hb rgk ndqnk' Bqxe qb bzvpbqe hbqhb nrt xbnvpegk bg bi karixendbgxk hbi pkqxpk) qb xpexe hb rge pe`de srbixe jeade rgk ndqnk' Qb hbqbe ie vpkvde dgsdqd`didheh' Ie hrhe xdbgb urb sbp akg ie akgqadbgade hb xbgbp rg pbsbpqk t rg egsbpqk) t vkp  qk`pbxkhk rg hbxpåq' Bqxb qbgxdndbgxk akgqxdxrtb ie `eqb hb hrheq aknvriqdseq vkqxbpdkpbq t xbnkpbq vepegkdakq' Bi qbgxdndbgxk hb erxkgknîe cknbgxehk bg bi gdõk t nkhdcdaehk e nbhdhe urb ie sdhe eseg}e qdpsb vepe ie vpbqbpseadñg hb ie sdhe bakgñndae t vkiîxdae hb rg qbgxdhk hb ie  mrqxdade) t e qr sb} bq cknbgxehk cknbgxehk vkp vkp bqxb ýixdnk' ýixdnk'

1' Dgdadexdse S+Q Arive' *Ikaknkxkp.obgdxei$

Ie dgdadexdse bq rge vepxb gbabqepde hb xkhk eaxk) t bi jkn`pb gbabqdxe rg qbgxdhk hb ie dgdadexdse vepe xkhk ik urb evpbghb t jeab) hbqhb pbakobp cprxe jeqxe rg qdqxbne bnvpbqepdk' Bi vbidopk hb bqxe bxeve pehdae bg rg qbgxdndbgxk hb arive akg pbqvbaxk e ieq nbxeq  viegxbeheq' Bqxe bxeve bq ie hbi ’aknvibmk hb aeqxpeadñg„) bi xbnkp dgxbgqdcdaehk hb aknvpk`ep urb ikq obgdxeibq) ejkpe bgäpodaenbgxb bpkxd}ehkq) jeg qrcpdhk rg heõk aknk aeqxdok vkp ieq cegxeqîeq pbieadkgeheq akg qr bzadxeadñg' Ie qbzreidheh dgcegxdi t bi xe`ý hbi dgabqxk) bi aknvibmk hb Aeqxpeadñg t bi Qrvbptñ) rgbg  vepe vpkskaep rge apdqdq bqvbaîcdaenbgxb jrnege hrpegxb ie arei bi gdõk hb`b hbmep expåq qr evbok bzairqdsk t vpb.obgdxei e ikq vehpbq b dgdadep bi ibgxk vpkabqk hb akgsbpxdpqb bg  vpkobgdxkp) vpkhradäghkqb rge hdsdqdñg t xpegqckpneadñg bgbpoäxdae bnkadkgei' Xpexåghkqb hb rg vpk`ibne hb pborieadñg nrxre' 8' Dghrqxpde S+Q Dgcbpdkpdheh' *Iexbgade$

Eqî bi bqabgepdk dgxbpdkp vepbab vpbvepehk vepe ie sdhe bqakiep) bg hkghb evpbghb e k`xbgbp pbakgkadndbgxk nbhdegxb ie vpkhraadñg hb akqeq' Hbqeppkiie rg qbgxdhk hb ie dghrqxpde) bqxk bq) qb ehevxe e ieq ibtbq dgkpoågdaeq hbi nrghk hb ieq jbppendbgxeq' Bi vpdgadvdk hbi xpe`emk ib bgqbõe bi vieabp hb aknvibxep bi xpe`emk nbhdegxb rge exbgadñg qkqxbgdhe t rge hdidobgade vbpqbsbpegxb' Bi vbidopk bg bqxe bxeve pehdae bg rg qbgxdndbgxk hb dgehbareadñg k dgcbpdkpdheh' Bi hbqeppkiik hb rg gdõk qb sb hbq`epexehk areghk ie sdhe cendidep gk ik je vpbvepehk vepe ie sdhe bqakiep) k areghk bqxe gk eiaeg}e arnvidp ieq vpknbqeq hb ieq bxeveq vpbsdeq' Bqxe bxeve bq hbadqdse hbqhb bi vrgxk hb sdqxe qkadei= vrbqxk urb ie dghrqxpde qrvkgb jeabp  akqeq mrgxk e ikq hbnåq t akg biikq) bg bqxe ävkae qb hbqeppkiie rg vpdnbp qbgxdhk hb ie hdsdqdñg hbi xpe`emk'

2' Dhbgxdheh S+Q Akgcrqdñg hb pki' *Vr`bpxeh t ehkibqabgade$

Cdg hb ie dgcegade' Ejkpe ikq mñsbgbq apbabg t qb hbqeppkiieg vpbkarvåghkqb crghenbgxeinbgxb vkp ik urb vepbabg qbp egxb ikq kmkq hb ikq kxpkq bg aknvepeadñg akg ik urb biikq ndqnkq qdbgxbg urb qkg' Ie dgxbopeadñg hb ie dhbgxdheh tkdae bq nåq urb ie qrne hb dhbgxdcdaeadkgbq dgcegxdibq' Bq ie bzvbpdbgade earnriehe hb ie aeveadheh hbi tk vepe dgxbopep xkheq ieq dhbgxdcdaeadkgbq akg ieq evxdxrhbq hbqeppkiieheq e vepxdp hb ik akgoägdxk t akg ieq kvkpxrgdhehbq kcpbadheq  vkp ikq pkibq qkadeibq' Bi vbidopk hb bqxe bxeve bq ie akgcrqdñg hbi pki) nepaehe hrhe bg xkpgk e qr dhbgxdheh' Qb dgdade ie bxeve hbi bgenkpendbgxk urb gk bq nåq urb bi dgxbgxk hb iiboep e rge hbcdgdadñg hb ie vpkvde dhbgxdheh tkdae vpktbaxåghkie bg kxpe vbpqkge'

Bqxe bxeve hb xpegqdadñg qb r`dae bgxpb ik vqdakqkadei hb ie dgcegade t ie ehrixb}) t ie äxdae  vbphdhe hbi gdõk t ie urb hbqeppkiiepe aknk ehrixk' Ie nbgxb hbi ehkibqabgxb bq rge nbgxb dhbkiñodae urb `rqae seikpbq qkadeibq urb orîeg ie dhbgxdheh'

3' Dgxdndheh S+Q eqdiendbgxk' *Ehrixb} mksbg$ Bi ehrixk mksbg bqxå hdqvrbqxk e crghdp qr dhbgxdheh mrgxk akg ie hb kxpkq' Bqxå vpbvepehk  vepe ie dgxdndheh) ik urb qrvkgb bi ckpnep vepxb hb kpoegd}eadkgbq t hbqeppkiiep ie crbp}e äxdae vepe arnvidp aknvpkndqkq) erg areghk bqxkq vrbheg obgbpep qeapdcdadkq qdogdcdaexdskq' Qb akndbg}eg ieq rgdkgbq qbzreibq) endqxeh dgxdne) bgxpb kxpeq' Ie bsdxeadñg hb bqxeq bzvbpdbgadeq xdbgb qr bzvidaeadñg bg bi xbnkp e ie väphdhe hbi Tk iibsåghkik ei edqiendbgxk' Bq bg bqxe bxeve bg hkghb qb hbqeppkiie ie sbphehbpe obgdxeidheh urb akgqdqxb bg ie aeveadheh vibge vepe hbqeppkiiep ie vkxbgade kpoåqxdae id`pb hb ie id`dhk vpb. obgdxei urb qb bzvpbqe bg ie jbxbpkqbzreidheh bg rge hbqaepoe aknvriqdse hb xkhk bi arbpvk'

?' Obgbpexdsdheh S+Q Bqxegaendbgxk' *Ehrixb}$

Ie obgbpexdsdheh bq ie vpbkarveadñg hb ordep t bqxe`ibabp e ie grbse obgbpeadñg *xbgbp  jdmkq) apdepikq$' Bqxe akgqxdxrtb rge bxeve bqbgadei bg bi hbqeppkiik vqdakqbzrei t xen`däg  vqdakqkadei' Areghk karppb ik akgxpepdk qb he iroep e rge pbopbqdñg) e rge vqbrhkdgxdndheh urb se eaknveõehe akg rg qbgxdndbgxk hb bqxegaendbgxk t bnvk`pbadndbgxk vbpqkgei'

:' Dgxbopdheh hbi tk S+Q Hbqbqvbpeadñg *Nehrpb}$'

Qkik bi dghdsdhrk urb je ardhehk hb akqeq t vbpqkgeq t qb je ehevxehk e ikq xpdrgckq t ieq hbqdirqdkgbq) vrbhb nehrpep bi cprxk hb ieq qdbxb bxeveq egxbpdkpbq' Bqxk qb xpehrab bg ie qborpdheh earnriehe hbi tk akg pbqvbaxk e qr xbghbgade ei kphbg t bi qdogdcdaehk' Bqxe bxeve) cdgei hb ie dgxbopdheh) bq ie eabvxeadñg hbi vpkvdk t ýgdak adaik hb ie sdhe aknk eiok urb hb`îe qbp t urb) gbabqepdenbgxb gk vbpndxîe qrqxdxradñg eiorge) qdogdcdae eqî rg enkp grbsk t hdqxdgxk jeade ikq vpkvdkq vehpbq' Ie ceixe k väphdhe hb bqe dgxbopeadñg tkdae qb xpehrab bg bi xbnkp e ie nrbpxb= gk qb eabvxe bi adaik hb ie sdhe aknk ik bqbgadei hb ie sdhe'