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Por que nossos corpos deveriam terminar na pele? Ou por que, além dos seres humanos, deveríamos considerar também como corpos, quando muito, apenas outros seres também t ambém encapsulados pela pele?
'RQQD+DUDZD\$PDQLIHVWRIRUF\ERUJV Se pensamos realmente no corpo como tal, não existe nenhum possível contorno do corpo como tal. Existem pensamentos sobre a sistematicidade do corpo, existem codificações que atribuem valores ao corpo. O corpo como tal não pode ser pensado e eu, certamente, não posso acessá-lo.
*D\DWUL&KDNUDYRUW\6SLYDN,QDWYRUG HQWUHYLVWDFRP(OOHQ5RRQH\ Não existe natureza alguma, apenas efeitos de natureza: desnaturalização ou naturalização...
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1. Este texto é a tradução do capítulo introdutório do livro de Judith Butler, Bodies that matter, publicado por Routledge, Nova York e Londres, 1993. Nesta tradução suprimiram-se as notas e a seção "Trajectory of the text" que apresenta os capítulos subseqüentes do livro (N. do T.) 2. Traduzi o título deste ensaio, dado a partir do título do livro de onde foi extraído, Bodies that matter, como "Corpos que pesam" para conservar parte do jogo que a autora faz com a palavra "matter". Em inglês o verbo "to matter" significa "importar", "ter importância" e o substantivo "matter" significa, entre outras coisas, "matéria". "Bodies that matter", portanto, pode ser traduzido, literalmente, como "Corpos que importam", "Corpos que têm importância", mas esta tradução deixa fora, evidentemente, o jogo com "matéria",
palavra importante para a argumentação da autora. O "pesam" de "Corpos que pesam" apenas obli-quamente evoca a "matéria" enfatizada pela autora, ao evocar uma propriedade da matéria, o "peso". Conservei a mesma tradução nas passagens do texto em que a autora volta a utilizar o mesmo jogo de palavras. (N. do T.) 3. "Citacional" e "citacionalidade" (em inglês, "citational" e "citationality"), como a autora deixará claro, são conceitos utilizados por Jacques Derrida. Eles aparecem exatamente nessa forma em pelo menos uma das traduções de Derrida: "Assinatura, acontecimento, contexto", in Derrida, s. d. (por exemplo, p.428). 4. O termo "queer" tem sido usado, na literatura anglo-saxônica, para englobar os termos "gay" e "lésbica". Historicamente, "queer" tem sido empregado para se referir, de forma depreciativa, às pessoas homossexuais. Sua utilização pelos ativistas dos movimentos homossexuais constitui uma tentativa de recuperação da palavra, revertendo sua conotação negativa original. Essa utilização renovada da palavra "queer" joga também com um de seus outros significados, o de "estranho". Os movimentos homossexuais falam, assim de uma política queer ou de uma teoria queer. (N.do T.) 5. No original, "constructivism". Traduzi por "construcionismo" para evitar associações com o construtivismo psicológico de inspiração piagetiana. Pela mesma razão, traduzi "constructivisf por "construcionista" (N. do T.) 6 A autora se refere ao conjunto do livro, Bodies that matter, de onde este ensaio foi extraído. (N. do T.) 7. Como esclarece a autora no capítulo III, nota 4, p.266 do livro de onde foi extraído este ensaio, Bodies that matter, o termo assunção refere-se à utilização que dele faz Lacan na frase seguinte, em Escritos: "Existe aí uma antinomia interna na assunção de seu sexo pelo homem (mench) por que deve ele assumir-lhe os atributos apenas através de uma ameaça, ou até mesmo sob o aspecto de uma privação?" (Lacan, 1998, p.692). (N. do T.) 8. A tradução desta citação de Derrida foi tomada de Derrida, s. d., p.428. A primeira frase da citação figura, na tradução portuguesa, como uma afirmação e não como uma interrogação, tal como está na tradução inglesa utilizada pela autora. Na impossibilidade de consultar o original francês optei por manter a interrogação suposta pela autora em sua argumentação. (N. do T.)
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