UM Brain Bee 2016 Chapters 1-6 Quiz Review Chapters 1-2 1. The space between 2 communicating neurons is called: a) synapse b) serotonin c) axon terminal d) neurotransmitter relay station 2. The ____________is responsible for movement, higher cognitive skills, personality and our filter. a) frontal lobe b) parietal lobe c) occipital lobe d) temporal lobe e) cerebellum 3. The Peripheral Nervous System is divided into 2 parts. The Somatic Nervous system and the ___________ Nervous system a) Central Nervous System b) brain and spinal cord c) autonomic nervous system d) internal organ nervous system 4. The _________________part of your brain controls respiration, heart rhythm and blood glucose. a) cerebellum b) brain stem c) amygdala d) hippocampus 5. The _________________ connects the 2 hemispheres allowing them to communicate. a) cerebrum b) cortex c) homunculus d) corpus callosum 6. The auditory cortex as well as the internal thalamus, hypothalamus, amygdala, hippocampus are parts of this _______________. a) frontal b) parietal c) occipital d) temporal e) cerebellum 7. Damage to the left side of the _____________ lobe can affect our ability to understand language while damage to the right side of the lobe can affect our ability to pay attention to the left side of objects (they will draw only the right side of an object.) a) frontal lobe b) parietal lobe
UM Brain Bee 2016 Chapters 1-6 Quiz Review c) occipital lobe d) temporal lobe e) cerebellum 8. The ____________is responsible for processing pro cessing visual information. a) frontal lobe b) parietal lobe c) occipital lobe d) temporal lobe e) cerebellum
Use the figure of the neuron to the right to label the parts of the neuron
10. ____________ axon 11. ____________ dendrites 12. ____________ myelin 13. ____________ cell body
Use the figure of the neuron to the right 14. ___________ receives incoming signal 15. ___________ integrates incoming signal 16. __________ transmits transmits incoming signal
17. Name 1 function of a glial cell
18. What is the charge of a neuron when it is at rest? a) positive b) negative c) neutral
UM Brain Bee 2016 Chapters 1-6 Quiz Review 19. What ion rushes into the neuron during an action potential to change the charge of the neuron? a) sodium (Na+) b) calcium (Ca+) c) chlorine (Cl-) d) potassium (K+) 20. To To prevent recurring seizures, a child has surgery to remove one hemisphere of his brain. The ability of his brain to adapt to the missing hemisphere and allow him to live a full life is called_________________. a) migration b) paring back c) parasympathetic d) plasticity 21. During development, the embryo has 3 layers of cells. Neurons arise from the ectoderm and become specialized (interneuron vs motor neuron) depending on ________________. a) the amount of signaling molecule it receives b) the amount of myelination c) the amount of connections it makes
22. T or F Neurons do not move to their proper location until birth.
23. Our brain expects to be exposed to _________ and sounds in order to develop those brain regions and cannot be rescued if the stimulus occurs after the critical development period. (has to happen in a child at a certain age)
Use the list of neurotransmitters to fill in the blanks a) acetylcholine
b) glutamate
c) norephinephrine
d) GABA
e) dopamine
24. __________involved in movement, cognition/emotion, endocrine system and reward. decreased in patients with Parkinsons. 25. __________ inhibits the firing of neurons. Coordinates movement and is decreased in Huntington’s disease. 26. __________released by neurons connected to voluntary muscles causing them to contract. 27. __________ excites or turns on neurons. involved in learning and memory 28. __________ secreted by sympathetic nervous system (digest and rest or flight and fight?) and adrenal gland during acute stress 29. T or F Hormones and lipids can act as neurotransmitters.
UM Brain Bee 2016 Chapters 1-6 Quiz Review Chapters 3-4 30. The first part of the eye that light passes through is called the ______________. It serves to protect the eye and starts to focus the light. a) cornea b) lens c) iris d) retina e) pupil 31. In the figure of the retina to the right, in which layer are the cones, cones, A, B or C? ________
A
B
C
32. What is the name of the nerve that leaves the eye to the the brain?
33. The photoreceptors in your retina are rods and cones. Which photoreceptors allow us to see in a dim room?
34. Which part of the cow’s eye is grasped in the tweezers? a) cornea b) lens c) iris d) retina e) pupil
35. When sound enters the ear, ear, it FIRST vibrates vibrates the ____________. a) cochlea b) papillae c) hair cells d) 3 small bones e) eardrum
UM Brain Bee 2016 Chapters 1-6 Quiz Review 36. T or F Damage to the left auditory cortex in the temporal lobe results in the inability to hear sounds. 37. Tastebuds are located deep within _______________. a) olfactory bulbs b) papillae c) gustatory complexes 38. What are the 5 chemical flavors we can taste? 39. T or F One odorant or smell will bind to its 1 and only smell receptor in the olfactory olfactory bulb. 40. T or F The olfactory bulb is part of the brain exposed to the outside world. 41. The olfactory bulb is located directly under the ______________. a) frontal lobe b) parietal lobe c) occipital lobe d) temporal lobe 42. The somatosensory cortex (sense of touch) is located in __________________. a) frontal lobe b) parietal lobe c) occipital lobe d) temporal lobe 43. T or F Pain is a separate system from touch. 44. ____________ receptors are activated by acid, itch heat above 46 oF, active ingredient in chili peppers a) Ruffini receptors b) photoreceptors c) nociceptors d) mechanoreceptors
45. Sharp immediate pain is transmitted through ___________ fibers while slower dull pain is transmitted through ___________C fibers. a) myelinated, non-myelinated b) non-myelinated, myelinated
46. Which sense does NOT send information to the thalamus before the information is relayed to the cortex. a) eyesight b) hearing c) taste d) smell e) touch
UM Brain Bee 2016 Chapters 1-6 Quiz Review
47. T or F Damage to Broca’s Area results in speech that is slow, slow, halting and lacks complexity whereas damage to Wernicke’s area results in speech with normal speed but unintelligible gibberish. 48. Name 1 way our neurons physically change when we learn and form new memories.
49. What part of the brain is required to to FORM new declarative and episodic memories? memories? a) hypothalamus b) thalamus c) amygdala d) hippocampus e) cortex Chapters 5-6 50. The synapse between a motor neuron and the muscle is called _____________. a) neuromuscular junction b) macrophage junction c) mesoderm junction d) muscle junction 51. Each muscle fiber is controlled by 1 _______ motor neuron. a) alpha b) beta c) delta d) gamma Use the list of brain regions involved in controlling movement to fill in the blanks a) motor cortex b) premotor cortex c) cerebellum d) basal ganglia 52. __________ population of neurons fire to perform movement 53. __________ planning actions, prepping spinal cord for future movement 54. __________ thought to filter input from sensory, motor, motor, prefrontal and limbic regions (affected in Parkinson’s disease) 55. __________ coordination of muscle control particularly precise timing: balance, reaching, speech. impaired by alcohol 56. T or F Reflexes are automatic muscle responses to a particular stimuli that occur rapidly without your attention because they are built into a system of neurons that are located within the spinal cord itself.
UM Brain Bee 2016 Chapters 1-6 Quiz Review
57. Name 3 reasons why our brain needs sleep. 1. 2. 3. 58. The disorder results in the inability to switch into sleep, particularly REM sleep. People Pe ople with this sleep disorder often have sleep attacks during the day where they can have muscle paralysis while awake or they just suddenly fall asleep in the middle of doing something. a) insomnia b) aphasia c) apnea d) narcolepsy 59. Which stage of sleep has EEG (electroencephalogram) activity most like our awake state? a) Stage 1 b) Stage 2 c) Stage 3 d) Stage 4 e) REM 60. Circle the following to make the statement correct: Adenosine increases/decreases the longer you’re awake.
61. Use the figure to the right to to answer which part of the brain controls our sleep/wake cycle.
62. Fill in the blanks:
UM Brain Bee 2016 Chapters 1-6 Quiz Review
63. Neurotransmitters bind to and open different ion channels allowing either + or - ions into the neuron depending on if the neuron receiving the signal is to be inhibited from signaling or stimulated to signal. The figure below shows a neuron that received both an inhibitory and stimulatory signal. Fill in the blanks __________ inhibitory signal __________ stimulatory signal
64. Fill in tthe he boxes boxes
65. Fill in the boxes
