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Anchor Bolt Design for Civil Structural EngineersDescription complète
Bolted joints are a common analysis problem, but characteristics of composite materials require special considerations. In composites design, fastening a composite laminate using a bolted joint connection requires that two or more components are clamped together, placing the bolt(s) that join(s) the two components in a state of tension (bolt preload). This is important in composites analysis because the compressive state the composite laminate is placed in (between the bolt head and the securing nut) needs to be evaluated for a possible compressive failure mode. Assigning a bolt preload in the finite element analysis software Abaqus is a straightforward and simple task, below are 3 easy steps to take in Abaqus/CAE to assign a bolt preload. Creating a Bolt Preload in Abaqus/CAE
Step 1 - Partition the bolt part to divide the bolt in half lengthwise This partition will be used later in the process to define the surface to apply a preload to. The partition should occur as close to the halfway point on the shank of the bolt as possible.
Step 2 - Create a datum axis that is coincident with the center axis of the bolt This datum axis will also be used later in the process to define the preload.
Step 3 - Create a "Bolt load" in the Load module A "Bolt load" is created as a Mechanical load in the Create Load dialog box.
As prompted by Abaqus/CAE, select the interior surface of the bolt created by the partition in Step 1.
When prompted to select a internal face side, select either the Brown or Purple side, this selection does not matter to this process of defining a bolt preload. Next, you will be prompted to select a datum axis that is aligned with the bolt centerline, select the datum axis created in Step 2.
In the Edit Load dialog box that opens next, chose the "Apply force" Method and enter a magnitude to the preload. Note that this magnitude is a force and will have units of lbs./N/etc.
Finished! Your bolt preload is now complete. In the step that the bolt preload is created, the magnitude of the bolt preload will be ramped up linearly (by default) until the end of the step where the tensile load in the elements adjacent to the bolt preload surface will be equivalent to the bolt preload. This will place the composite laminate(s) being clamped in a compressive state of stress.
