~AL
LiS7
NINEEING DATA
N
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-
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if~
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19.50tj
VO~J
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.
.*.
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ae
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.-
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EERHLBRTRE L
ABERDEEN~~~
PRVN
28
~5 ___________________
-A
AI
"
UC
RUD
O
THIS DOCUMENT IS BEST QUALITY AVAILABLE. THE COPY FURNISHED TO DTIC CONTAINED A SIGNIFICANT NUMBER OF NOT DO WHICH PAGES REPRODUCE
LEGIBLY.
B.ULISTIC RBSEARCH LAORA7O0tGES EM~BOOK OF M2IGfII-TMR.IG DATA
Preface For a niuber of years,. the Ballistic Research Laboratories of Aberdeen Proving Ground have been making measurements of the characteristics of projectiles, propelling charges, etc. While these data are available i various Ballistio Research Laboratories reports, there is no sigle doctment 'w0hich contains a concise tabulation of all the available information concerning the respective articles which have begen subject to moasurement. It vans pointed out by Colonel E. H. Zornirg that the utility of the information Ymould be considerably enhanced if all acquired data. were collected in a single docum~ent, Following Colonel Zornigt s suggestion, the preparation of a handbook of such engineering data as are available at the Ballistic Research Laboratories has been initiated* "be first rnmibers written by Mir. H. F. lHitdbh e deal 'with projectiles. Later additional series pertaining to propelling charges, guns, etc., will be proeaed. T1he number of an item in the handbook consists of three parts. The first part indicates the caliber, e.g., 6 in. -)r
5l5mm; the skeond indica~tes whether the item is a projectile,
a propelling Ahurge, or a guni; I denoting a projectile, 2, a propelling charge, and 3, a gurn. The third part indicates the modfel (Arabic) or mark number (Roman numerals). Thus l55-l'-III refers to the 155m projectile MK III *xile 3-1-42 relers to the V
shel
U42.Accusiorn
For
NTIS DrIC
CRA&M
1
TAP, Uimfmw .-
Av1dty
_______t
MNINUNCED
TABLE OF CWNTENTn VOLUME I - 20-1-95 TO 75-1-310 ThCL. BRLH No.
Paragraph Nos.
Shot, AP, 20-mm, M95 ...................
20-1 -S5
........
!- 8
Shell, Incendiary, 20-mm, M98 .............
20-1-96
........
.-
Shell, HEI, 20-mm, M97 ................
20-1-97
........
1-10
Shot, APC, 37-mm, M51 ..................
37-1-51
........
1-6
Shell, HE, 37-mm, M54 ..................
37-1-54 ........
1-11
Shot, APC, 37-am, M59 ..................
Y -I-59 ........
1- 0
Shot, AP, 37-mm, M0....................
37-1-80
1- 9
Shell, HE, 40-mm, Mark 2................
40-1- 2 ......
1-
Shot, AP, 40-mm, M81 or M81A............ Shell, HE. 57-mm, M306 ..................
40-1-81 ......... 57-1-306 .......
1- 8 1- 9
Shell, HEAT, 5'I-mm, M307 ................
57-1-307 .........
I- 8
Shell, HE, e0-mw,.M49A2 ..................
80-1-49 .........
1- 8
Shell, illuminating, 60-mm, M3Al .........
60-1-83
......
1- 7
........
1- 7
Shell, HE, 75,rm, M4lA1 ..................
'75-141 .........
1- 8
Shell, HE, 75-mm, M48 and M48E2 .........
75-1-48 ........
Projectile, APC, 75-mm, M61AI ............
75-1-61......... .1-
Shell, Smoke (WI), 60-mm, M302 ..........
Shell, HEAT, 75-mm, M66 ...............
.0-1-302
.75-1-46
........
7
.1-14 8
.........
1- 9
Shell, HE, 75-mm, )309 ..................
75-1-309 .........
1- 8
Shell, HEAT, 75-mm, M310 ................
75-1-310 .........
1- 8
I!
I2
?4
r LHandbook
k
BR~I 20-1.95
Ballisti(c Research Laboratories of Ballstic and Engineering Data for Ammuition,
Ballistic Research jl~ab. Aberdeen PrTavir.a G1rc-wrd, Mary'land.
No. 20-1.-95
/ She
,
for
AP, 20-mm, M95 With
1w
Tracer
Section I
February 1949
DAA15
Pararaphs General----------------------
1
HI iII IV
Descripticr ----------------2- 4 Interior ballistic data ------------ 5 - -? Exterior ballistic data ---------
V
Effect data--------------------
8
BEC77ON 1 GENERAL Paaraph Purpose- -- -- --
- - --
- - ---
- - --
- --
--
- - ------
-
1. -Purpose. The purpose of this number of the Wandacok is to furnish a canziclse col1-cticr. eA :nforznation regarding the shape, dynimics, ballistics and effects of tt2 20-~ ,,~ r ~~ Sho! '-1 5, whtch ccoita~ras a tracer compositio. Some diata are also given for the e5.pv ,. in'l A- =cr-plercIzvSh-1-T9E4 with Tracer, which Is sl.ghtly different from the MV5 (TgE5). This Wnortnatix is cou~etud frcn the dra-ings, reports, and technical manuals pertalniog to this ammniton.
BALUMtTdC AND ENG IWEMNG DATA
BPUJR 20.1.95 a
ALL DMENSIONS IN CALIBERS _-
-2DB
4.14
ZS-
-
.43 FL j
.1",
--
2
SHOT, AP,20-MM, M95 2.29
._
-
1.+x
2
;~4
11,
& 2T, 4?, 20-M 2 TSE4
H----
- F.67
FOR SHOT. AP. ?CO.M?
5,
L
20.i95 2.4
SECTION 17 DESCPIPTION
Draw
s .
.
..
2
Dimensions -Physical characteristics
.
-
.
.
.
.
.
4
2. Drawings. Shct, AP, M95: ,n,1l parts assembly Metal parts details
Shot, AP, T9E4: Assembly and details
75-2-333 75-2-341
TAM 130
3. Dimeaslons. All dlmensicns beiow are in calibers. A" Shot:
1495 0.50 0,2 5
T9E4
B and: Diztance from base Widt-h Bcdy: Length of cylndrial part
1.75
1.93
Lers.n of ogival • art ru-.zde length c ogival part RaS ius of ogival arc Tctal length Windihield assembly: Length of windshield Outzide length of adapter Length of assembly Length of ogivalp art Radius of arc Shot: Total k'ength Bearing length Effective ogival height 4. Physical characteristics.
0.53 0.25
1.06
1,08
0.30 1.43 3.08
0.24 1.45 3.01
2.39
1.7
-7 2.29
0.20 1.99 1.85 2.29
4.14 -. 8 2.0t
4,!1 1.93 2.23
The stan lard weisht -f Lre AP Sno N.M95 with tracer 1i 2S0C3 gral-s.
Tne measured physicaL characterlstics of the M'-95 Shot without tracer and the T9E4 Sho with tracer are as follos kP Shct
We!git Base to center of gravity Axial mcment of inertia Transverse moment of inertia
lb cal0 Er.in2 gr.ir
M95
TgE4
w/o tr
with tr
We? 1.488 148.8 958
2=X 1.474 154.5 957
BMUJST1C AND ENCWNEM~JN(
F3.H 0195 3.6
I
DATA
SECTION INI WlTERMOR BALLTIC DATA
---
-
Theoretical yaw in bore-----------5. Theoretca1 yaw in bor.
----- -- -- -- -- - ----
For the- AP Shot M95: 18 mr, 22 muin
MWnbium Maximum
SECTION IV BALLISTC DATA
MTMR
Paragraph Aerodynamic data----------------Firing table data-----------------:
-
-
-------
----- -- -- -- -- -------- -- -- -- -- -- -----
-3. Aerodynamic da.
a. Draig. T'.e drag coefficient plotted ov page 5 was determined from resistance firings of the AP Shot TOE-4 witha Tracer at Mach numbers from 0.75 to 2.75. The data li1sted below 'were determined frvom time -of-fldght firing-, of the AP Shot MA95 with and withou±t Tracer. With tr
W/o tr
Velocity (fps) Form !actor (Projectile TypeS J 1;
3000 1.12
3000 1A5
Ballistic coefficient (Rrojectile TIYpe 5) C5
.413
.401
Drag coefficient
.149
.153
MIU5YShot
K
b. Stability. &. letter from the director of the Ballistic Research Laborat-rles to the -hie.; of O.rdn.rncsv (APG 472.5/31"7-1821) gives data om the stablity of the A'P Shot 1495 without -Tracer. RL7 Re -rt No. 1A5, "Aerodynamics of 20-n-m Projectiles", gives data cn the stability of the AP Stot Tar-A wit.1 Tracer. AP Shot Velocity (fps" Moment coefficient Tlwistt Of riflibngl 11 ,,ability factor s
XC
M95 Wo tr
T9E4 with tr
2700 i.68
17501 1.47
V/25.586 2.2-98
U,625.586 2.78
FOP SHOT. AP. 20-MM.
BR.U-! 204-95 6
95
COEFFICIENT VS MACH NUMBER
LiDRAG
"+-
4-
TAE4
SHOT,APi O-ti, ..
.
-,,.,
-
K-+--.----
--
-- i-I
D' 0.1564 + 0.0670 SIN 0S 1~
X z0.0005V-0.555
id41
i20.27M (FPS) It
, _
j -L.:f-t-It-.t1-
i-L.4
r-
---1""r---t---r-
-4.
rG
Ii t
+
i
ii.f.'t*
~
t
•
----
i
~
, ."4,, 4L4 -t±-
7
I
-t.
-
..
--
* _
-I-
-=i
-
*L
+ . z-t+
+
..
-
',,+ ,-t-+.''
I
.
j
-_--
-
7
it
.04--'
A0
iOX4
0.0403 +
',--r- ,.,-
I
-
i
1
L -6
5
29
-
7-I ,-
----
l-
A+
0
'r-
1
2 -
*
tO
O ES N.,r PNG DA TA ALU .M C A ,"N SO
a l -IPJ
7. Fhiag tzb!$ dLta. No fring tables have been prepared for the AP Shot M95. FT 20AC-J-i, T 20AC-K-1, FT 20AC-L-i and
T 20AC-M-i for 20-rmm Automatic Gins M2 and .3 firing HE Shell
T23 and HEI Sheii W~7 give data that are approximately correct for the AP Shot M95 (See L.. '"-1-97"/. OCM items 28550 and MUM recommended and approved standarM'ation of the AP Shot M9 . its stardard instrimental velocity is 2780 ff . at 90 feet from the M2 Gun.
EFFECT DATA Paragraph Peneliatlion - ...............-. S. Peab atio.
--------------............----
8
The follcwing graphs, showing the penetration of armor plate by the 20-mm AP Shot
M95, were taken from Volume III of Aerminal Ballistic Datae.
M
PFOR SHOT. AP. 20-INIM M5
BIJI20-1.95
aENETRAl fON
VE0-YCRE
'4 HOOGEEEOUSARMOR PL-ATC1--
iiL
J- 1
4 *~4
1TE
INi
4-n-L,
a
J
v
II
~~~
III
40
120
~
o
i60
IBRLH:2M .95 PENTRTIN
ELXI YCURVES
4M1=
4r--C
.
'44.,
4
~
L-
r*
I-
.rr'.4
-44
-".OCT 94pps
___~
2L
PLATE
AMO
44
1
4-.L ±E
AND ENVa~CDATA
BAWUST.
;:MA
~ ~~
T
-1-_____ 1
2
_
goo080
-
__________
10
_
_
_
1600
_
-____
f . .~__.
2000
.
. . . .
2400
2800
B:llistic Reoeaxch
IxtraH-les
M--.l
Lao.
-Frne-erL-;Data for Amnto.Maryvland.
'or
Sect!--.
irtrazrarcz
I
Gt-ora; t.1 -
--n
D;-
2telcE1 b
-
--
-------
--
-
------
--
tic data------------
P---P-,Zc' -
m-ali'mrez ynam.--=-A -'- t" llt--!-= smaya. -f--
...
gtiai~~~
Shcllcell
MLrtm23 t4pwid:
y
6-7~n --
rl, thei -akibc !s
PU3,V--e -prv-not.Z-4
-earm -h -z -i-
rprt
-..- - - -
-MW.
oiar S
s
: Vlr -.
c-1n-, -... - --
svanngts
-1-2-2,4
~s .-m m
LPRU-I 20-1.96
BALLISTIC AND ENGINEERNG DATA
2
w
I
0*0 zO0 _j)
zz ww
FOR SHELL INCENDIARY. 20-MM. M96
BRLH 20-1-% 3.5
9 3.
Dimensions.
Band: Distance from base Width
0.50 cal 0.25 cal
Body: Length Length of cylindrical part
2.91 cal 2.39 cal
Length of ogival part
0.52 cal
•, val arc Radius cr.
2.54 cal
1.17 cal
Nose: Length
31°21
Conical ang-e
4.08 cal 1.69 cat
Shell: Total length Head length
A
4. Physical characteristics. Weight: Standard Measured
1920 grains 1993 grains
Base to center of gravity Axial moment of inertia Transverse moment of inertia
1.553 cal 2 155.5 gr.in 1305 gr.In2
I
SECTIC
MIERIOR BALLISTIC DATA Paragraph Theoretical yaw in bore .....-
...-..-..----------------
....
5
5. Theoretical yaw in bore. 8 min 13 min
Minimum Maximum
SECTION IV
EXTERIOR UALLNM DATA
Paragraph Aerodynamic data -- -8------FL-ing table dat --- ----------------
---
--
--
---
3
----
---
----
-----
6
BALTUSC AND ENGINEERINC
BRLt 20-1-96 6.7
DATA
6. Aerodynamic data. a. Drag. The following values were determined from time-of-flight firings. Velocity
2800 fps
Projectile weight
1920 gr
Form factor (Projectile Type 5)
i5
Ballistic coefficient (Projectile Type 5) C5 Drag coefficient
1.16 .383 .156
"D
b. Stability. BRL Report No. 515, "Aerodynamics of 20-mm Projectiles", gives data on the stability of Incendiary Shell M96. 2750 fps
Velocity Moment coefficient
KM
1.09
Twist of rifling
I/n
1/25.586
Stability factor
s
2.80
7. Firing table data. No firing tables have been prepared for the Incendiary Shell M96. FT 20AC-1-1, F'1 20AC-K-1, FT 20AC-L-l and FT 20AC-M-1 fcr 20-mm Automatic Guns M2 and M3 firing HE Shell T23 and HEI Shell M97 give data that are approximately correct for the Incendiary Shell M96 (see OH 20-i-97). 0CM items 26550 and 26906 recommended and approved standardization of the Incendiary Shell M96. Its standard instrumental velocity is 2810 fps at 90 feet from the M2 Gun.
BIS
BallTstic Laboratories HandbookResearch of Ballistic ma
0.97
BalUitc Research Lab.
Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland. 15 February 1949
Engnering Data for Ammuntion, No. 20-1-97
BALLISTIC AND ENGINEERING DATA for Shell, HEI, 20-mm, M97 with
Fuze, PD, M75 Section
Paragraphs
I U1
General -----------------Description -----------------
2-4
Mi rq
Interior ballistic data --------Exterior ballistic data --------
5 -8 7 -9
V
Effect data -----------------ECTIOC
I
10
I
GENERAL Purpose -- -
------
---
----------
- - - - - - - --
I. Purpose. The purpose of this number of the handbook is to furnish a concise collection of Information regarding the shape, dynamics, ballistics and effects of the 20-mm High Explosive Incendiary Shell M97 with the Point Detonating Fuze W75. This information is collected from the drawings, reports, firing tables, and technical manuals pertaining to this ammunition.
0.
~771
BRLH MOI-97
BALliSTIC AND ENCJNEEFJUNC DATA
2
q9I
upI
r FFM *
BRLH 20.1-97
L HE, 20MMK M97
2-4
SECTION DESCRIPTION
Drawings
Dimension
r
i
aw
n
gs......................--
-.- . . . . .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-
Physical characteristics
2
3 4
-.......................
2. Drawings. Shell: Metal parts assembly and details
75-2-335
Fuze: Assembly Details
73-1-193 73-1-194
3. Dimensions. Band: Distance from base Width
0.48 cal 0.25 cal
Body: Length of cylindr'cal part Length of ogival part Radius of ogival arc
2.41 cal 0,65 cal 2.54 cal
Fuze: Oatside length
1.05 Cal
Conical angle Length: Shell Shell and fuze Ogitve and Atze
200241.
3.06 cal 4.11 cal 1.70 cal
4. Physical characteristics. a. The physical characteristics of the HE Shell T23 with the PD Fuze T71E4, of which the present projectile is a slight modification, are as follows: Weight Base to center of gravity Axial moment of inertia Transverse moment of inertia
2000 grains 1.643 cal 165.0 gr.in 2 1442 gr.n 2
b. The standard weight of the HEI Shell M97 with the PD Fuze M75 was changed by OCM item 26553 to 2039 grains.
r
XBALIJSTIC AND ENCN.F.ING DATA
L 20-X97
SECTIFONS B
A
1
C
-622
+4T4
"'06 117
15
*234 +416
J 4
LONItUDINAL...
AXES OF RESULTANT STRESS
DIAGRAM OF RESULTANT STRESSES
FOR SHELL
. 20-MMK W7
BRL8 20-1-97
5-7
SECTION La
iwzmOR BALLISTIC r TA Paragrap Stresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
-
5
..
Theoretical yaw in bore .....................-
6
-
5. Stresses. The following table and the graphical representation m page 4 show the longitudinal, radial and tangential stress at each of three sections: ki,, the rear corner of the band seat, (B) the front of Lhe bnd seat, and (C) immediately behind the bourrelet. Gun, Automatic, 20-mm Twist of rifling Cross-sectional area of bore ?lated maximum pressure Total weight of projectile Muzzle velocity De-tnslty of filler (Incend tetryl)
M2 1/25.586 0,5148 sq in. 48,000 psI 0.2913 b (2039 gr) 2800 fps 0.0505 lb per -u In.
Resultant Streiss* 0 .psi
A
Lwngitldinal Radial Tangential *
-222 +474 -822
+ denotes tension,
Section B
C
-720 +108 +418
-378 + 65 +2M
- denotes compression.
6. Theoratical yaw in bore. *
MPnimum
8 min
Maximum
13 min
SECT7ON T EXTERIOR BALLTSTEC DATA
Paragraph Aerodynamic data ......-..... .....Firing table data: Automatic Gun W42 -...-.-.-.-.-.-.---- -------Firing table data: Automatic Guns W43, ?A23 and M24 .--.-.-.--------
.----------------7 8 9
7. Aerodynamic data. The following data, taken from Bsdiistlc Research Laboratory Report No. 515, "Aerod'-namics of 20-mm Projectiles", pertai to the HE Shell T23 (Dwg TAM 371) with the PD Fuze T71E4 (Dwe TAM (301):
5
B
BALUSIZC AND EUNINEFRNG DATA
24 M,1-97
Velocity
u
2800 fps
Weight
In
200 gr
Form factor (Projectie Type 4,:
4
1.1
Ballistic coefficient (Projectile Type 5)
C5
0.404
Drag coefficient
KD
0.? 55
Cross Wind Force coefficient
KL
1.27
1.43
Normal Force coefficient Base to Center of PDressure
h
2.40 cal
Overturning Moment coefficient
KM
1.09
Ratio of ccaffictents
-K
Drft function
KL/
YL/KM
.17 1.49 x i-,J
Magnus Moment coefficient
K
-0.005
Twist of rifling (7' angle)
1/n
1/25,586
Stability factor
S
2.85
Mug U
7
1.56 Lt
Yawing Moment coefficient
$.
117
data. Automatic GuA 30 (67.52-inch Tube). FT 20AC-1-1, FT 20AC-K-1 with
supplement and FT 20AC-L-1.
Twist of rifling: 1/25.586 (7' angle).
OCM items 26550 and 26906 recom-
mended and approved standardizatin of the HEI SheU M97 wit the PD Fuze M75. Its starar.. .nstrumental velocity Is 2'780 to at 90 fe- from the M2 Gun. The firing tables were comp-ted for a pry;e:tlie weight of 2000 g"rans, which is that of .:.e HE Shell T23 with tme PD Fuze T?1F4, and a muzzle vel -city of 2750 fps. a. Form factor. Thv !crm factor of the 2000-Vgrain HE Shell relative to the 20-mm AP Shet TgE4, whose dag coefficien is
i-ven in BRLH 20-1-95, is i
b. Ballitic coefcle.
AP Shot T9E4 is C - 0.510.
=6
0.905.
The ballistic coefficient with respect to the drag functio
of the 20-imn
BRLH82.-97 8-9
FOR SHEL.L HE . 2-M.Nt M97
,- 2.85
c. Stability factor (normal) d. Da ping coefficients.
c' - 0.001,548,8 ft "
(e. Windage j mp coefficient.
, 0.000,097,8 ft.1 b - 86,600 mil. fps
i . Yaw-drag coefficient.
K,6-
16.4 rad 2
g.Traectory data. (1) FT 20AC-J-1 gves trajectory data for: (a) Present range, nearly horizontal flghi, and gun flexible in elevation. (b) Present range, inclined flight, and gun fixed at low elevation. (2) FT 20AC-K-I and Its supplement give trajectory data for tuture range, horizcntal flight, and all-around fire. (3) FFT 20AC-L-1 gives trajectory data for future range, horizontal and diving flight, and forward flre.
9. Firing table data Automatic Guns U3, M23 ad M?4 (52.50-inch Tube T31). FT 2OAC-K-2. Twist of rifling: 1/25.586 (70 angle). The firing table was computed for a projectule weight of 2000 grains, which is that of the HE Shell T23 with the PD Fuze T71E4, and a muzzle velocity of
2880 fps. a. Form factor (relative to AP Shot T9E4)
i
b. Ballistic coefficient (drag function of AP Shot T9E4)
=
0.905
C - 0.510
c. Stability factor (normal)
s
d. Damping coefficients.
1 c' - 0.001,548,8 ft-
K
2.85
c" - 0.000,099,2
e. Windage jwp coefficient. f. Yaw-drag coefficient.
b
-
104,311
ft
mil. fps
"2 Km - 16.4 rad
g. Trajectory data. FT 20AC-K-2 gives trajectory data for future range, horizontal flght and
all-arouand fire.
RRL
BALLISTIC AND ENGINEERING DATA
201I-97 I0
SECTON"V
EFFECT DATA
Paragraph Fragmentation -.----------10. Fr gmelato.
--
- - - --
- - --
--
---
--
10
The following table, taken from Volune I of "Terminal Ballistic Data", gives
the casualties due to fragmentation of the HEI Shell M97. The initial fragment velocity Is 1960 fps. TABLE 37
CASUALTIES Average Distance from burst
(ft) r 10 20 30
Total number of effective
number of effective frag-
For the lightest effective fragment Weight Velocity
fragments N 30 21 15
ments per sq ft B 0,0239 0.0042 0.0013
(oz) In 0.024 0.033 0.042
(fps) v 1570 1340 1190
40
11
0.0005
0.050
i 090
50
20
0.0003
0.057
1020
60
9
0.0002
0.063
q72
70
8
0.0001
0.089
929
80
7
0.0001
0.075
891
BRLH 37.1.511
Ballistic Research Laboratories Handbook of Ballistic and Engineering Data for Ammunition, No. 37-1-51
Bailistic Research Lab. Aberdeen Prcving Ground, Maryland. 17 February 1949 BALLITIC AND ENGTNEERING DATA for Shot, APC, 37-mm, M51 with Self-destroying Tracer
Section._
Praraphs
i
General --------------------
H III IV
Description ----------------interior ballistic data -------Exterior ballistic data --------
V
Effect data ------------------
I 2- 4 5 6 -7
8
SECTION I
GENERAL Paragraph - ------ -.
1. Purp-os.
---------.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-
-
1
The purpose of this number of the ha.Jbook is to furnish a concise c.ilection of infor-
mati%. :4&:oa;ng thC shape, dynamics, ballistics and effects of the 37 -mn, Ar.or-pier:ing Capped Sho M51, which . a self-lest-royIng tracer composition. This inf:rmatien is collected from the drawings, reports, firing tabes, and technical manuals pertaining to this am munitii.
I
I" 1=N
[
2!
i
I
ZlF] 3
J~.%11. i
.%_"__i ti \,>.I ' I. "
-I I."t
III-"
tI
-%',
iwi 1
4!
4-
I
m
3. Dmensiols.
---
- --- -
s-c--------
Phan------c
------ - ----
2. Drav~ng. Sh:M-etai oca.tf- ssemvaid-ea
s
3. DimenffsionIs.
Baa-
3*--Ac:&-
srd
C~'P-tt
n4".'
"'5
Cam: L-,-' I
iaL.iee
,a.¢ ,
iegt.)
a iISOfa.C'-?.. * c-'
-"
Tho
cal
-
c.c ca
'
Total so 4- Physical characteriti~csMean wes
-- es. dat4 apply tothe
Shot
i.."
ie"ned raczerzcits.
"-
-,-t s, .ndard)
zn
''ra:-rsee-se zncent of inertia32
cai
$6
I
BALUSTIC AND ENGINEERING DATA
BRIH 37.1-51 5.6
SECTION III
INTERIOR BALLISTIC DATA Paragraph Theoretical yaw in bore ....-
.-.-.-------------.
.......-
5
5. Theoretical yaw in bore. Minimum Maximum
13 min 22 min
SECTION IV EXTERIOR BALLISTIC DATA Paragraph Aerodynamic data ......Firing table data ......-
..............----------------............-.....-----------------
6 7
6. Aerodynamic data. a. Drag. The3e data were obtained from time-of-flight firings. Muzzle velocity
2900 fps
Drag function
G6
Ballistic coefficient Form factor Drag coefficient, KD
0.984 0.92 0.101
b. Stability. Ballistic Research Laboratory Report No. 225, "Stability of 37-mm HE Shell M63, AP Shot M51, and Proof Projectile MS?"', gives the stability factors which were determined for this projectile at muzzle velocities of 2740 fps ond 1350 fps. It was fired from the Sub-caliber Tube M1925 whose twist of rifling is 1/40. The Tank Gun MC is rifled with a twist of 1/25.
MV fp,
Twist of Rifling
Stability Factor
1350
1/40
1.23
2740
1/40
1.18
1/40 1/25
1.205 3.1
Avg
M.nment Coef. KM
1.35 (computed from the moments of inertia of shot with unburnt tracer composition and the observed stabiity factor)
4j 4-
FOR SHOT, APMC 37-MM, MS1
BRLH 37-1.51 7
7. Firing table data. FT 37-S-3. Gun, 37-mm, M6 (.nounted in Light Tanks M3A3 and M5A,
by applying suitable corrections to the
elevation, the firing table may be used for Light Tanks M3AI and M5 and the Light Armored Car M8). Twist oi Rifling: 1/25. Muzzle Velocity: 2900 fps. Projectile weight: 1.92 lb. OCM Items 14801 and 14859 recommended and approved standardizat,on of the AP Shot M51. Item 17699 changed its designation to APC Shot M51.
I
BRLH 37-1-51
BALLSTIC AND ENGINEU~INr, DATA
7
BALLIT M
k -44ft-1
I
I
Al-
J~E
RANGOEND-
_u~h~
I
41 1
t*
41
4-i-
0
100aoo
~
00 r
H4 400
500
-'jf
4AG
[FOR
BRL-H 37-5.1
SHOT. AM. 37-MiM. M51I
7
4t~21I~ELEVATIO4-RANGE CURVE
70
j
4-4
-4;11
-T)j
400
3400
J-11
01
L
BALUflIC AND ENGINELRING DATA
RIM 37-1-51
t
I.~~~TM
2 F-A-;~LIGHOFI
RANG.
EOFIGTSE
CURVE
1
4ip{ii.'L4
Tj..I: I 'r-jj
t~jr[i:
....... I t
2207it
ttI
7
2400J2;l>-t
i
tI
V
'r4+
7.
rl
I5
F -FK
____>
--
w
z0
LZ
400
00
-44-0
FOR SHOT. APC. 37-16,
M51
BRLH 37-1-51 8
SECTION V EFFECT DATA Paragraph Penetrat on - --------
---
------
b.
Penetration.
a.
Ballistic Limits. Homogeneous armor plate.
Plate Brinneil Harness
ThiclMess inches 1.00 1286
i.125 1.18 1.25
1,50
i.75 2,30
j
_
2.50 o,--, 0.875
Ballistic Limit Type fps
Obliquity deg.
291
0 20
289 371 374 364 402 402 402 306 277
30 0 20 30 0 20 30 0 0
248 273 307 233 269 320 363 360 273 274
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 20
242 242 274 289 317 325 324
0 20
- - - - - - ----
Army
1
0 0 0 20 .0
363
03
392 417
0 0
---
I75
1396 1034 1160 1518 986 1141 1463 1410 1383
2 4 5 2 2 3 2 2 I
1453 1388 1333 1590 1614 3.639 1572 1724 1775 !744 1860 2036
2308
1 9 4 13 53 8 2 2 1 5 2 2 14 1 8 4 2
121
i
143 1921
2 2
'2182
4.3
I
3 1
2032 1990
.27
1
1257 1345
20
Navy
I
Number In Average
986
I
1563
)5
7 189
2.0 3
__74_
7
I
BAtL_'T1c AND ENGINT.-EPJNG DAIA
BrLH 37-151 8
b. Ballistic Limits. Face-hardened armor plte.
Thickness---Plate Obiquity inches de9
Ballistic Limit Type fps
Nuiber In Average
0.75
0
1449
14
1.00
25 0 20
1038 1023 1148
4 11 4
30 40 0 20
1298 1539 1656 2011
7 6 30 1_2
1003 1460
3 1
1.50 0.50 0.625
Navy
0 0
0
1384
8
20
1298
5-
29
1490
1
30
1394
5
40
1549
3
46.43 0 20 30
1831 1871 1991 2057
1 1I 14 8
1.00
1.50
Army
I
1
c. Vulnerability of German tanks. The foll.ving data on vulnerability of German tanks (Panzerkampfwagen) to APC Shot M51, fired from the 37-mm Tank Gun M8 at a muzzle velocity of 2900 fps, were taken from TM 9-1907, "Ballistic Data, Performance of Ammuit!-on". Maximum Vulnerable Range - Yards M i
Tank Model
Attack
Angle
Frontal
Turret Sides Turret Front
F nk
Rear
0
5
25913 1200
950 ' ---
25 259"3
11170 970
Turret"Rear
2970
15007
Turret Sides Turret Front Upper Hull Sides Lower Hull Sides
"2590 1200 3200 3200
9-0 --1730 1730
2590 1170 420-1 .232a:)
Turret Rear Turret Sides Turret Front Upper Hull Fear Loser Hull Rear
2970 2590
1500 950 ---
297. , 117 0 117-0 80 4800
1200 1460 !580
---
---
VQ-. 53 ---
1340
0
95, 1 "
' IU
3 173A0
134950 .
7
i ..
0A
3
I43
10
___________
-J
BRLH 37.1-51
FOR SHOT. APC. 37-MMN. M
H.
-HAMMVtU8
HOMOGENEOUS ARMOR PLATE ORTERION rNAVY
I00
T-44
H!
FROp M VO.M7Ot4RINLWL CDT t
r4
4-
ifI
I
BALLISMIC AND ENGINEERING DATA
BRIM 37.1-51
H I -'
FAC HARDENED ARMOR PLATE
V
NAVY CRITERION
30CQFROM VOL.N1 1 Hj4
F
-VELOCITY OL(VS
-4EI-1ATIUN
F*ERIA BALLISTIC
LAMA
i~iANGoLE OFr iNCID)ENCE-
[
--
2006k
4:177
u.
-
4-
Li
II
'
-*1'
I
~
14441
1400
*
177
BRLH 37.1.54 I-
Balis:tic Research Laboratories
Ballistic Research Lab.
Handbook of Ballistic and Engineering Data for Ammunition, No. 37-1-54
Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland. 18 February 1949 BALLETIC AND ENGVOMEERIDG DATA for
Shell, HE, 37 -am, :M-5 with Shell-destroying Tracer and Fuze, PD, M56 Section
Paragraphs
i
General --------------------
I
TI
Description -----------------
2 -4
In
interior ballistic data---------
iv V
Exterior ballistic data --------
Effect data ------------------
-5
- 6 7 - 10I
11
SECTIO I GENERAL
Paragraph
1. Purpose. The pt-pcs-e of "this number of the 1handbook is to furnish a zcnt-se
,
,,ollezton -f nfor-
.atio= regarding the shape, dynamics, balliotlcs and effects of the 37-mm High ExpinsiVe -hell 1454 with SheUi-dettrzying Tracer and the Point Detonating Fuze ,M56.This information Is cOileted from the drayIngs, reports and firing tables pertalning to this ammunItIon.
BALLIS-1IC AND EUNGINEERING DATA
8RLH 37-1-54
~~Lr
___a0*,' _
Z
_
_
i
_
C!_
Fi-n;i l
W
71c V0
I
I
r
FOR SHELL HE. 374.MA M54 V
Mill 37-54 2.4
SECTION 11 DESCPJPTION
ararph Drawings .............. .....-. ..--------------------Dimensions ................................ Physical characteristics .....- .... ...-...-..----------------
2 3 4
2. Drawings. Shell:
Metal parts assembly and details Lmding assembly and details
75-2-279 75-14-225
Fuze: Assembly Details
73-2-i58 73-2-159 160, l1
3. Dimensions,
Boattall: Angle
9°0, 0.94 cal 0.34 cal 1.25 Cal 0. vcal
Length Rand: Ditance from boatta-1Ditance from base , ,uu Cylindrical body: Length
1.21 cal
Length R adlus of arc uze: Oitside legth give:
0.67 cal 4.32 cal .2 ca
Leneth: Shell Shell and fuze Cgive and fuze
2.82 r.ai 4.02 1_87
4. Physical characteristics.
~Mean weight (standiard)
r
j
1
Va
- ification of the H; Shell
712
$.374
24
he P' Fuze 166 r.-a
[
--nit
same c
t
i
'
yvCur uze
for a scre, with a fiat head about 3-6 inch Ln diameter that
"I
a
0
Base to center of gravity Axial moment of inertia* -ransverse moment of Wertia' easured with the HiE Shell T12 and alumin-
.Th-
iEZ"helM bDum
sas;ignt"
t,"- =n,. n the Mb
exzep.
Fuze.
,e. .th 5ue a
-
_
-
-
II
BRI
37-t454
JIALUS1IC AIN!) ENGINEEflNG DAT1A
A
SECTIONS -79
+5+81
-239
-563w
+ 353
LoNGltruDINAL AXES OF RESULTANT St7RESS
DIAGRAM OF RESULTANT STRESSES
FOS4E..HE
37.>mm.
BPJ=
W-S'
SECflCr1 M INTEJOR BALLISTIC DAT A
i 1
~
'I
Ctr
--- e.O
-
-
5. Stresses. Th r-adial and tangential stress at ea
-
--
-
---
---
-Str---esses'Iheorei~
-
--
table~ s
-
--
-
- -
-
-
-
-
-
rpe=-U' 4
-e gah--
Ci tw: zeclucs.
t
z~rMo-
re
.the
bamd seMa
o' he b-anset
Oraoss-sectlraz area Of b-v ed matrrucz ;ress-re
:.2
xz'
.Muzze veIlcr
n.
~~~ensltte
s!..
en'-es
6. Thbeoreticala yaw in br,
EX T-U'tO
I~
In
~
-~ -~- --
I.m
s-;in s
-~
-
BA'LITN--C DATA
-' --
- -
-
-%t=='
----
-
t
Re
37-.4
BRLH 37.1-54
BALM=TI
AND ENC.INEERNG DATA
7
DRGCOEFFICIENT VSMACH NUM
SHELL, HE, 37-MM M54 :IL 'l I tI-i-tjFUZE, I
R
41IT
PD, M 56
T- -1
1iLj
*-- *
i
t..
+ I tt
z'
_
t-_l
IfI ;T
D .44-
-T
BRUt4 37.1.54
FOR SHELL HE. 37-MM. M54
7.8
7. Aerodynamic data. The drag coefficient plotted on page 6 and the aerodynamic data tabulated below were taken from Ballistic Research Laboratory Reports No. 354 and 357, "Aerodynamlos aof 37-mm HE Shell M54" and "Damping of Calibers 0.30 and 3.59 Bullets and 37-mm HE Shell". The time of flight, drift, and yaw fi--ings were conducted with ...e HE Shell 1,154 and the -D Fuze M56 without the det-nator. 2303 fIPS
Veiccity
U
Drag coefficient
K,0.
Cross Wind Force coefficient
KL
0.98
Normal Force coeffient
KN
1.14
Base to Center of Pressure
h
3.20 cal
0.:erturniing Moment coefficient
xM
1.89
-Ratio of coefficients
K /K
0.518
161
2~K~13.0 x 10-8
-
Drift function Yawing Moment coeff lcient
KH
3.16
Magnus Moment coe-Ificient
K1
-0.19
Twist of Riling
1/n
Stabi lity factor
s
1/30 1.66
8. Firing table data. Automatic Gun M1A2.
1/25 2.3 9
(Antiaircraft)
FT 37A-.-"-2. TIwist of rifling; 1/30. Muzzle veoi;2500 fps 1(the standard Muzzle veilclty for a newi gun i1S263C'- fpsi. 3CM items 15811 and 15806 reciommended aria app-roved Standardization -11 'he HE Shell M.54 and 7-: Fuze W156 in the Automatic Gn 'M14.2. a. Form factor (Proj Type 5).
1
0.22
b. Ballistic coefficient (Proji T yp, 5). c. Trajectory data. rrajectory and time curves .-I- a muzzle veiocItyo 25a.X fp~s are glven -:n the firing tables. the trajectory chart, which is appended Maximii . norizontal r-ange Maximumn ordinate
8875 yd 6200 yd
7_
BALUSTIC AND ENCJNEERING DATA
DRU-i 371-54 9-10
9. Firing table data. AutomatIc Guns M4 and M10 (Aircraft).
FT 37AC-AO-l and FT V7AC-AX-i. Twist Of rifling: 1/25. Mduzzle velocity: 2-1) fps. The M'1n
Gun is a mc-dification of the M4 .3un, with a disintegrating belt feed. CCM Items 1581 1 and 1'-866 rez-ommende'l and approed standaridzatlmn of the HE Shell M54 and PD Fuze M56 in the Automatiz Gun M4. with PD Faze M56 relative to Its a. Form factor. The form factor of the HE Shell
M.Vn Th4drag
function Is 1 = 1.003. b. Balilstlc coefficient. The ballistic coeffizient of this 1.34-lb projectile relative to its mun drag function is C
=
3.631. The drag coefficient curve i- shown on page 6. The 'drag function' to which
FT 37AC-AO-i refers is G/3.531: the ballistic coefficient relative to this function is 1.00. s s . 2.39 c'
c. Stability factor (normal). d. Damping coefficients.
.1
00,2ftPic--0:000,366 b - 38,000 ill. fps
e. Windage jump coefficient.
g. Trajectory data.
16.4 rad -
K
f. Yaw-drag coefficient.
2
'FT 37AC-AO-1 gives time of flight and vertical and lateral deflections for
all-around fire from a gun mownted in aircraft in horizontal flight. F- 37AC-AX-l giv.s similar iata irVe angle of
for limited rl-e from a gun m -nned in aircraft in .. rizontal flight, with zorrections for a 800 i'll". Firing table data. Automatic Gur. M9 (Aircraft). C37AC-BF-i and FT 3'AC-BL-1 . Twist of rifling;
.. inwzzL_ veiacity for a nev; in standardization of "he HE Shell M54
is 2500 fps).
1/30. Muzzle velco'ity: 2550 fps (the stan-
-CM items 15811 and 15866 recommended and approved
ia PD Fuze M56 In aircraft guns.
a. Form factor. The form factor of the HE Shell M54 wi
'P Fuze M56 relative to its own drag
fu.nction is I w 1.50 its own arag
b. Ballistic coefficient. The ballistic ,oe""fcient of this 1.34-It projectile relative f
-n 's 7
3.531.
The drag zcefficient curv-:s shown on page
FT 37V - -1 refers is G/3.d3i: the ballisti coefficient relative
.
The 'drag funct
'
to
tnis function is 1.03.
which
BRJ-I 37.154
rOR SHELL HE. 37-MM. M54 F
10.11
c.
Stability factor (normal).
0.001, It 0.000,066 ft-I
c
d. Damping coefficients.
b =40,375 rail. fps
e. Windage jump coefficient.
f.
I1.66
s
Te
Yaw-drag coefficient.
"D6
2 -16.4 rad-
g. Trajectory data, FT 37AC-BF-1 gives tume cf flight and vertical and lateral deflections for all-around fire from a gun mounted in aircraft inhorizontal flight. FT 37AC-BL-1 gives time of flight. gun elevation, and lateral defiecti n for forward fire from a gun mounted in aircraft in horizontal flight.
SECTION V EFFECT DATA
----
Fragmentation -- --------11.
---
---
----
----
11
--
Fragmentation. FYrng Record P36686 gives the results of a fragmentation test of three HE
Shell M54 with a modified PD Fuze M56, conducted at Aberdeen Proving Ground. Two semI.-circular
panel A had a radius of
panels 6 feet high were made of pine boards with a nominal thickness of 1 inch:
iD feet; panel R, 20 feet. Each shell was suspended at the common center of the circular arcs ina plane bisecting the panels with its axis horizontal and directed toward the edges of the panels. The shell were detonated statically. The velocity of some of the fragments was meaured at a distance of i0 feet. The namber of perforations and penetrations ineach board were counted. The following table gives the ve,ocity in each spray and the number of perforations and penetratiors in each panel.
Round No. 1 2 3
Velocity - fps Side Nose Tail 3A0
1460
----
2520
----
1900 1330
----
730
A 21 41 30
I--.rforations B Total 11
12 16
32 53 46
A
Penetrations B T Ra!
157
1i 93
63 119 108
220
310 20i
BRIM 37-1.59
Ballistic Research Lab. Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21 February 1949
Ballistic Research Laboratories Handbook of iBallistlc and Engineering Data for Ammunition, No. 37-1-59 BALLISTIC AND ENGINEERING DATA !or
Shot, APC, 37-mm, M59 with Sell-destroying Tracer Pragraphs
Section I I
1
General ---------------------Descripticn-----------------
2 -4
III
Interior ballistic dsa ----------
5
W.
Exterior ballistic data ---------
- 8
V
Effect data -------------------
9
SECnotK I GENERAL
Paragraph Purpose -- - -
------
----------
- - - - - - - - --
1. purpose. The purpose of this number of the handbook is to furnish a concise collection of informatlon regarding the shape, dynamics, ballistics and effects of the 37-mw Armor-piercing Capped Shot M59, which contains a seli-destroying tracebcomposition. !gs,
reports, firing tables, and technical manuals pertaining to this ammunition.
i
iI II *k
This information is collected from the draw-
BRLI! 37.1.59 2
B.ALLZSMC AND ENCINEEJUNG DATA
faa
0a
[ FOR SHOT. APC, 37.MM M59
BRLH 37.-59
SECTION 11 DESCRIPTION Paragraph Drawing -.- . . . . .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. . ..- . .-. .-. Dimensions --------- -------------------.
2 3
Physical characteristics
4
-.......................
2. Drawing. Shet: Metal parts assembly and detail
75-2-289
3. Dimensions.
Band: Distance from base
0.40 cal
Width
0.50 cal
Cylindrical part of body: Length
1.80 cal
Ogival part of. body: Length Outside length Radius of arc
1.09 cal 0.28 cal 1.61 cal
Cap: Length Length of ogival part Radtus of arc Vertical angle
1.06 cal 0.84 cal 8.92 cal 1200
Length: Shot body Total ogive Total projectile
2.89 cal 1.34 cal 3.14 cal
4. Physical characteristics. Weight (standard) Base to center of gravity Axial moment of inertia Transverse moment of inertia
1.91 1b 1.450 cal 0.4835 lb.in 2 .315 lb.n 2
SECTION 1IM INTERIOR BALLB1T
Theoretical yaw 4n bore .....5.
..........-...----------------
Theoretical yaw in bore. Minimum Maximum
13 min 22 M.n-
3
L9
DATA
5
RRLH 37-1-59 6
BALUSM AND ENCINTXANG DATA
-4
DRAG COEFFICIENT VS MACH NLMBER SHOT, APO, 37-MM, M59 WITHOUT TRACER a K OOI1243i 12 V K D D6 V 11120.2?M(FPS)
H
t : tt
1
R1 4c
T 7-1
lit I If If it If
I f
if +
110,
if 36
II If f i t 1 -1 I I I if
It i t II
14+
4if
if
---4I
I I if I
I
If
it I-F fit
.to
tit I
fi t ;
I II Ell. ME
it
-4
if it T T
H-
ilt. fix;
14
-i
li t
47-
t 0.5
Lo
3b
4
3.5
FOR SHOr, AM 37.M.
BRIH 37-1-59 6.7
M59
SECTION IV
EXTERIOR BALLISTIC DATA LParagrapi~
Aerodynamic data ......-...
..
..-..-.-.-------------------
6
Firing table data: Automatic Gun, MIA2 ..--.-.-.-.--- ----------Firing table data: Automatic Gun M9------------------------------
7 8
6. Aerodynamic data. The drag coefficient plotted on page 4 was determined from resistance firings of the APC Shot M59 without tracer at Mach numbers from 1.1 to 2.25. The other data listed below were taken from Ballistic Research Lab3ratory Report No. 436, "Yaw and Drift of 37-mm Armor-piercing Shote, and pertain to M59 Shot with tracer. Velocity
u
2800 fps
Drag coefficient
KD
0.396
Cross Wind Force coefficient
KL
0.093
Normal Force Coefficient
KN
0.489
Base to Center of Pressure
h
1.96 cal
Ovierturning Moment coefficient
KM
0.250
Ratio of coefficients
KL/K
Drift function
Q
0,37
M
T /Ku 2
4.7 x 10-8
Yawing Moment coefficient
KH
1.62
Magnus Moment coefficient
K1
-0.125
Twist of rifling
i/nl
1/30
Stability factor
a
12.15
7. Firing table data. Automatic Gun MIA2 (,Anti2rcrft). FT 37AA-N-2, Ci. Twist of rifling: 1/30. Muzzle v.i'7:2050
fps. OCM items 16088 and 16144
recommended and approved standardization of the AP Shot M59 in the Automatic Gun MIA2. OCM item 17699 changed its designation from AP to APC.
ORLH 37.1-59 7
RALUSTIC AND ENGINEERNG DATA
a..FRM F~TORRANGE CURVE (PROJ TYPE I) 205 MV:j-
-H1
I4
FP
-L-
44-+
--
_
lA'i-Y it,. RD
Ift j-400
---
T. . -. -. -_ . .,
50if0360~ I
6
BRLH 37.1-59
FOR SHOT. APr- 37AM M59
t41A i
ctELEVATIoN - RANGE CURVE MV 2050 FPS L
t i
-H
I
.. LJ
t-T
fill 4-
I fit
i fill
40 .j
----...... 1 V
30
A' I
to
2T 4 -t
14
10
I I
1
44 0
if 1 1 400
#
r
L
aw
I-T
WS RAW-E - YARDS L- .a 1200
7
tT .T
4-
44 2000
DRLH 37-1-59
BALUj-flC AND ENIUNEEINC DATA
II J-
.ERIAvitryRNG
UV
fill
_6__
_
AL&J..4
200100
*0
1600:
0O
+
TERMINt
20
FOR SHOT. AM. 37-MM, M59
BRH 37-1-59 8-9
8. Firing table data. Automatic Gun M9 (Aircrtlt). FT 3"AC-BC-L. Twist of rifling: 1/39. h.-tz Ale velocIty:
2800Mfps. ,CM Items 20955 and 21241
ret.ommeaded ard approved authoriza:ion for using the AP.C Shot M5
In the Automatic Gun W9.
a. Ballistic coefficient. The firing table was computed with a ballistic coefficiLen of unity with respect to the modified Space and Time functions: S' -20.7
r
T - 11.25 i.
- 1),
where TR and I6 are the Time and inclination fmctions based on GA. This is equivalent to takin-g the ballistic cefficient relative to Projectile Type 8 Inversely proportional to the velocity. b. Trajectory data. The firing table gives trajectory data for firing forward from an airplane. Data for all-around fire are not required at present.
SECTWI#
V
EFFECT DATA
Penetratlon .......-
.............-......----------------
9
9. Panetration. The follc'ng graphs, showing the penetratfon of armor pLate by the 37-mm A'C Shot M59, were taken from Volume
LU
ef "Terminal Ballistic Data".
9I
A
-
1[
- =r
'
r
=
---
-
=
- '
"
-r
--
-
. ..
-
.,
2
RL
37.1-59
5Sf 'lC
I m7~~' ~Iii±1~i~tL~
nPCWETAMN -xin
nnrrv
AND LNGI
MRIN DATA
rjq*j&
HOOGE'E(JSARMOR PLATE
1±i~ttfrt~r.NAVY CRTERON
_
44 Mlill_
II [::
+: vILOCIY -Gap
jw I pp 1
IIT
'E 1000
2WO 5w
P -000
350
BRLH 37.1-59 9
FOR SHOT, APC, 37 MK M59
PENETRATION VELDGITY MWES FACE HARDENED ARMCR PLATE NAVY CRITERION
4P4-
44
IT
r
4
1
-;,-T t ;-4
+ 3.5
-14
if
-44-1
1t4
I+ +1
4i
17 +:RF ANGLE OF INCIDENM
4 t-T-t-
if I
t-
-4,
3.0-ij
f 20* T
I
1
IoF
I
T;
4
do
I
Iy I A
ip
+
2.0
+ I
f
-41 4-
0, I 1V V
v I
T Y
1.5
oo
+
4 4I
t'
.44 -
4Tv
-
A_
t -4-
4
1 L
4= +4=i
-H
_T if
t 1
4
J-1 4
t
T4 0 1000
f___
4-
VELOCITY-F Ps
T 1500
2000
2500
300100
_4
Mrv 44-4- n 14 4"_?4-13500
-- 4L
4 F.
T
K1H3718 IHandbook
Ballistic Research Laboratories
Ballistic Research Lab.
of Ballistice and
Aberdeen Prvig Ground, DAA
Encilneering Data for Ammunition,
I----------------------BALLISETI
~ati~n rgardbg he s
Purposgtab en te~a .
,Tap ynamics,
ND
1NEGDT
ballistic aetas of--th 3
mapsohsnualsbertan
to tis
fiigtbeadtcnclmnasprann
oti
amn
is
Maryland.
ag
-
p
8mrpecn
ofrihacniecletiono
RM37I8
htM0
hc
nfr
m uiin
Intznrgr~gtes-pcnmcblitc ndefct fte3-mAmrpecn htM0 hc
cotisasl dsryn rcrcmoiin hsifr aini olce rmtedaigrprs
I L
IeRu-I I I
BAIIJflC AND ENGINEERING DATA
371-SO
I E
I I I
V
to S
.- \
I
I
20
Ni N;
01C
I
x~i ''~
1-
N
i
I S
I
XI
_
cc
I0
it.
______
0
0
0
4-
nr-
FOR SHOT. AR 37-M?4 MW
amJi 37.1-80 2-5
SECTION II DESCRIPTION Paragraph D rawing -.. . .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. . . .-. .-. .-. .2
Dim ensions
-.- . . . . .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. . ..-. .-. .-.
Physical characteristics .....-
..........-...----------------
3 4
2. Drawing. Shot: Metal parts assembly and details
75-2-310
3. Dimensions. Band: Distance from base Width
0.40 cal
Cylindrical part of body: Length
1.80 cal
Cgive:
1.09 cal 1.61 cal
0.50 cal
Length Radius of arc
Shot: Length
2.89 cal
4. Physical characteristics. Weight (standard) Base to center of gravity Axial moment of inertia Transverse moment of inertia
1.66 lb 1,268 cal 0.4150 lb.In2 1.963 ibn 2
SECTION III INTERIOR BALLISTIC DATA Paragraph Theoretical yaw in bore .....-
..........-...----------------
5
S. Theoretical yaw in bore. Minimum Maximum
13 min 22 mir.
"I
A
I 3i
I
BRLH 37.1-80
BALUSTIC AND ENCINTERNG DATA
4-.
iL
+1
TM
I
DRAG COEFFICIENT VS MACH " SHOT, AP1, 37-MM., MSO I 17if if !
BER
L
W_ Jr
V Kgb KD 0.48649V + 295.5
:Lp I T
4-f J-1 V z 1112OL27 M (F
i JI
till
4
TT
-i-
11 1 4 T
t-
:14
14 AL_
__j
-
_4A
_TYL
-F
I
- q
F
.to
4L
fill
r
IL I T ++
Iit
T
-4
-4-
A
-T4Z
41
1t
-14
.08 T +
J
-H
m
I
t l
Ls
2-4
=
I
FOR SHOT. AR 37.MK M80
BRLH 3? -80
6-7 SECTION WL EXTEpIOR BALLIIC DATA Aerodynam ic data -.- . . . ..- . .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. . ..-. Firing table data: Automatic Guns M4 and -.---.---------
Firing table data: Automatic Gun M9 6. Aerodynamic data
Paragraph .-.-.-.
...---.-----------------
The drag coefficient plotted on page 4 was determined from res~stanoe
irt.gs
of the AP Shot l480 with Tracer at Mach numbers from i.1 to 2.5. The other data listed telym were tacen
from Ballistic Research Laboratory Report No. 438, 'Yaw and Drift of T7 -mm Armor-piercing
Velocity (fps)
u
1650
33 50
Drag coefficient
KD
0.259
0.228
Cross Wind Force coefficient
v
0.!85
Normal Force coeffizient
z ase to Center of Pressure
.. h (cal)
0.416 2.49
C-verturning iMoment coefficient
Kv
_oIfC.n o coefficients
at
Drff,lfunztion
Q
K'
Yawini
Moment co.efficient
K%
::aur
Moment coefficient Ni
K
Twict of Rifling Otacility factor
0.513
k /K R/, K
3hots".
0.497 .3-7-8 8
.
x
U4.37
2.53 -. 25
/n1 s
9.s
6.785
7. Firing table data: Automatic Guns M4 and MI0 (Aircraft). .= - . -I. T".wist of rifling: 1/25. Muzzle velbclty: I75 fps The MID G 3=un is a mod-.iici -f the L.4 Sr, ,-ith a M-shntegratlng oeli feed. 0IM items 17489 and 1582 rec,;mrendeI and Rppr:;eC
stand a r d i ati.n :.f te AP Shot 1480 i P1he Automatic Gun M4 with a muzzle ve lit
y C .5 Z B.A and 21239 recommended and approved tncreasIng ,thestandard muzzle velxitv fr.m
p. -
I ~1
I
I]
HRLH 37.1-W)
BALLISTIC AND ENGINEERING DATA
a. Form factor. The form factor of the AP Shot M80 relative to its own drag function is
1 = 1.0.
The drag coefficient curve is shown on page 4. b. Ballistic coefficient.
C
- 0.782
c. Stability factor (normal).
s - 6.785
d. Damping coefficients.
c, - 0.001,577,4 ft " I
d" - 0.000,087,0 ft " ! e. Windage Jump coefficient.
b A 20,200 mil. fps
f. Yaw-drag coefficient.
16.4 rad -
KDd
g. Trajectory data. The firing table gives time of flight and vertical and lateral aeflectins with the arguments true air speed, zenith angle (800 to 2400 mils), azimuth f5600, 5000,",
400 and 80) mils, and
future range for horizontal flight in air of standard surface density. 8. Firing table data: Automatic Gun M9 (Aircraft).
FT 3VAC-AW-!, FT 37AC-BD-1, and FT 37A-BE4-. Twist of rifling: 1130. Muzzle velocity: 2950 fps. OCM items 20955 and 21241 recommended and approved authorlzation f:r lZu the APZ ht Ln the Automattc Gun M9 with a standard muzzle velocity of 3050 fps. a- Form factor. The form factor of the AP Shot MSo relative to Its own drag f-xction is i 1.93 The drag coefficient curve is shown on page 4. b. Ballistic coefficient.,
C -
.732
c. Stability factor (normal)
s 1; 6.785
d. Damping coefficients.
C' - 0.001,577,4 ft'
e. Windage jump coefficient. f.
1 K
Yaw-drag coefficient.
28,000 m. == 16.4 ra1
fps
"2
g. Trajectory data. (M/ FT 3A--AW-*l vIves time of flight. elevation. and lateral deflt.On with the aensitv ratio, true air speed, and fu'ure range for norizzntal flight, zero azi-,uth, and iMpat
zontal plane thru the line of fight.
6
air
tthe
n r:-
BRLH 37.1,80 8.9
FOR SHOT. AR 37-M14 M0
(2) FT 37AC-BD-l gives time of flight and vertical and lateral deflections vith the arguments true air speed, zenith angle (800 to 2400 mals), azimuth (5600, 60., 0, 490 and 800 mils), and future range for horizontal flight in air of standard surface density. (3) FT 37AC-BE-1 gives time of flight and vertica- deflection ui:fl the arguments true air speed, dive angle (0, 230 and 40 mils), and present range for firing forward from an airplane in air of standard surface density.
SECTON V EFFECT DATA Pararaph
9------------------------
Penetration 9. Penetration.
a. Ballistic limits. Thickness inches 075 0.75 0.00 .0
I
I.30
1
Homogeneous Plate Brinnell Obliqulty deg number
Ballistc Limit fps Type
Number in Average
317 358
0 0
Navy Navy
1159 1093
4 3
327 369
0 0
Navy Navy
1288 1251
6 1
401
0
Naly
1203
1
7
BRLH 37.!-80
BAJliSTIC AND MOCNEERING DATA
.',b.
±b~-1-
PENETRATION -VELOGITY CURVES
HOMOG ENEOUS ARMOR PLATE
*,.L.2...... _
-44 I~h~t ~
~
ANGLE OF
INCIDENCE
4
+
...
..
7
II t
-p
l
r
-I
T-..... I---
40.::;: .
I-
[FOR
BRLH 37.1-80
SHO'T. AP. 37.MM. WO
9
L~~.
FACE HARDENED ARMOR PLATE NAVY CRITERMON. ~
.
__
_
C.PEETRATION-VELOCITY CURVES
, ..
.-
FROM VOL.ME OF "TERMINAL BALLISTIC DA t'-
K~.~7:
ANGLE OF INCIDENC
......
..
..-....
74
Z...
Lz~
.20
-0-.
4
2
. .
-
'VT~--
3.5.
NO.
I
. .... ....
~
I .OV~~
no
0.0
. ..
. ..
..
. I
I1.
80
1200
60
2000)
2400
2800
3200
30
8RL
Ballistic Research Laboratories Handbook of Ballistic and Engineering Data for Ammunition, No. 40-1-2
40-1.2
Ballistic Research Lab. Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland. 1 March 1949 BALLISTIC AND ENGINEERING DATA for Shell, HE. 40-mm, Mark 2 with
Tracer, SD, Mark 11, Mark 11 Mod 2, M3 or M3A1 and Fuze, PD, Mark 27 or M71 Section
Paragraphs
[
General ---------------------
1
II Ili
Description ----------------interior ballIstic data --------
2 -4 5 - 6
IV
Exterior belistic data -------
7 -8
V
wect data -----------------
9
SECTIONI I GENERAL Purpose
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Paragraph
1. Purpose. The purpose of this n~uber of the handbook is to furnish a conci-se collection of information regardtng the shape, dynamics and ballistics of the 40-mnm High Explosive Shell Mark 2 w-h Shell des.traying Tracer 'Mark 1!, Mark 111 M1.1cd'ffcation 2, M.3 Or 143.A! and Point Detonatiing Futze Mark 27 or 1471. Tints ircrmation is collected from thea.rawings, reports and !Lring tables pertainig to this.an-anuniti.on.
rh-
BALLISTIC AND ENCINEMJNCZ DATA
4*.
IN Ix
M
U..1 I~
0
ii14
Oj
US
L
r
FOR SN-LL H£. 40.MM.
ALKR 2
B"R-I 40G.1-2 2-4
SECTON DESCRIPTION Pa Drawings .
.
.
.
.
.
..
ph
.
Dim ensio.s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Physical chaa acteristics -......................
..-
3 4
2. Drawnbp. Shell: Metal parts asserbly and .:taUs Tracer, SD, Mark 11 (Navy BuOrd) Tracer, SD, Mark 11 Mod 2 (Navy B1aCrd) Tracer, SD, M3 or M3AI Fuze, Detonating, Mark 27: General -rrangement and details (Navy BuOrd) -Fuze, PD, M"I: Assembly Cartridge. HE-T (SD, Mkc 11), Mark 2: Assembly and marking diagram
I75-2-n" 6 34,440 423,429 75-17-7 3-00,423 73-2-201 75-1-1L88
3. Dimewsos. Boattail: Angle Band:
800y,
Leidn
057 Cal1
Distance from boattaUi
0.50 Cal 1.07 cal
Distance from base
Widt.h
0. 40 Cal
Cylindrical body: Length
2.00 cal
Head:
Angle L~h e'0.89
7301 cal
I racer:
CqtsIde lenglh
0.35 cal
FuzP: Lerth:
COside length cheil Shell and fuze She!l. tracer and fuze Head and -uze
1.20 cal ).26 cal 4.48 cal 4.81 cal 1.89 cal
4. Physical chrracteristcs. .andard weight: 1.905 lb. The tolo1itng data pertain to inert3ade4 shell wi-Iwooden tracer plug and D-rm y Fuze T34, Weigh: _-zse to center o! gravity A ial momen .. ! Inertia ransverse mcment of Inertia
1'
1.8285 .566 0.628 4.955
3
lb cal ' t. III lb. in"
BR-IM 40-1-2
ILALLUS!IC AND LNUN~G :)A'-*
SECTION
+46
J/ LONGTUII-NI-
+461
/
FOR SHF.LL HE 40.MM ,AK 2 ,
ORL
40.12 5.7
S3CTIOK M INTERIOR BALLST= DATA
_paragah Stresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . Theoretical yaw in bore .....-
....
...-
5
..-
.-.---------------- 6
.-
5, Stresses. The following table and the graphical representation on page 4 show the longitudinal, radial and tangential stress at the front end of the band seat. Gun, /,utomrttic, 40-mm Travel to maximum prerssure Twist of rifling at max P Cross-sectional area ot bore Rated maximum pressurg Total weight o!projectile Muzzle velocity Density of filler (TNT) Resultant stress: Longitudinal Radial Tangential 3. Theoreftcal
'
-
M1 and 8.8 1/42.4 2.0323 40,000 1.985 2,870 0.057 58,900 1,900 46,900
M2 in. sq in. psi lb fps lb per cu in. "psi (compression) psi (tension) psi (tension)
r.
Mir-unrVi
20 min
Maximum
26 min BECTIC" IV EXT;"-IOR BALLISTIC DATA
Aercjy v-mic data -----------Firng tz..ble data '.
--------- -----------.-.-
.---.------.---.-.--
-
-
---..
7 8
Aerodynamic data.
(1) Tre-o .-flh Tuze
,
firing;.
Tracer
i.,64Al
M3 k
40-mm HE Shell MI.rk 2. Veiocity
Drag
Form
--s --
Fun,'ion
Factor
Coe(.
Gr
.952
.128
G5
.927
.124
867 13P6 II l
Drag
ri
IPILH&1-2BAL~flC
AN
(2) DRAG COEFFICIENT VS MACH NLIM8ER RESISTANCE FIRINGS SIIELL,HE,40MM, MARK 2
0.5~
15
.02
10
fi
l
ENaWN
DATA
FOR SHELL HE. 40.5dM MARK 2
U3J4H 40-1.2
b. ftbilty. Ballistic Research Laboratory Report No. 252, "Stability of 40-mm Shell Mark UTIWL", gives aerody.z'mic data for inert-loaded shell with Dummy Fuze T34. A wooden plug was inserted in the tracer cavity, but it came out when the shell was fired. The stability firings were done with a Bofors Gun containing a tube that was rifled with a final twist of 1/30.
Vebo>,Ity
Mach
Stability
Moment
No.
Factor
Coefficient
12D0
1.042
1.23
1.85
2890
2.514
1.48
1.54
S. riring table "ta. FT 40AA-A -3.
E
Guns, Automatic, 40-mm, MI anid Dual, Automatic, 40-mm, UL. Twist of rifing: Increaseng, 1/45 to 1/30. MV: 2800 fps (the MV for a new pun is 2870 fps). Weight of Shell with Tracer and Fuze: 1.985 lb. 0CM items 17176 and 17250 recommendc and approved the tadritinof the Quick Firi* High Explosive Shell Mark 2 with Tracer anid Delay Aetton Percussion Fuze No. 251 Mark 1. 0CM items 20391 and 2D72-9 recommended and approved the reelasetffcatoi of the Detonating Fuse Mark 27 from substitute standard to standard and the adoption of the Point Detonating Fuze M71 as alternate standard. The Shell-destroying Tracers Mark V7 and Mark 27 Mod 2 are standard; the Miell-destroyIng Tracers No3 and M3A1 are alternate standard.
a. Form far 1-
I
C
and bmat~ coscecitat (Projectile Type 5). At all elevations:
0.947 0.845
b. Trajectoy data. Part I of the firing tables contains trajectory data for antiaircraft fire; Part It, differential effects; and the Appendix, trajectory and time curves. Maximum horizontal range 10,850 yd Maium ordinate 7,825 Id
SALLNM AND EWANEERM DATA
fill Il l If w
l[Ili ilt lilt lilt lI iI lI tI I fl ii ll lt Il Ii Il tt -
fill I* fill
-ELEVATM -RANGE CURVE Wo 29M FPS 11 11 1 ill I if 111 11 111 1I 11 ti ll I I II If I I II II lf l II lf lI I lfl iil lli tlt -II I I II I I A II fill I If L I L , f [ t i l l - I-
1 4Y4-::--
I iI tf -1 I 1I 1f 1
-FEE I
I
H I
IF
I
II All fill ILII 1Ir I
44 A
I
If
I
fit I fill Lill lil t I till
It I If
f1
4+
E:
+.A VT
4at
00
if I
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
BRLH 40 1.2
FOR SHELL HE 40-hft MARK 2
T FIT
tt t noo
+4 1 d.TERMINAL VELOCITY RANGE AND;.-i-,,- , 14, TO&OF FUGHT - RANGE CUWES MV* 2800 FPS
ri
4 j -1
moo
14,
t
It
I-
-T-Tr"11 r!
+1
4j
14
tio(o) T,
FF '41
4 Xlow
oo I
t
I
1600
t
z
H 1114-H 14
-4-t!
-4 4
t
4
1200
L
4
- t-,
t
t-11-4-t---
Awo-
-44-
-4-
-f
;-A -- 44-
t
IH
-4 i
1000-
4-
4-4
1;
4 4M 44
-
4+-4--+-
Boo[
4 #j-
P.A)M1000
t
2000
I 'TT-M T t-1 T-1
3000
9
4000
swo
T3
t
6000
tLE
0
DM..I=
SKIM 40.1.2
APO ENUI
DATA
8U3Mt'ON V ZFl
T DATA
Fragmentation - 9. Fzameatatlo,
No Iragmentation tests of the 40-mm Shell Mark 2 with its standard loading
of TN. have been conducted here, but Picatinny Arsenal has detonated five Shell Mark 2 loaded with Ednatol
(50 to S0D% ethylenedinttramlne and 50 to 40% trinltrotoluef-I in a sand pit, and recovered the fragments (Test Record No. 134-8). The averaga weight of the loaded saell was 1.795 lb; of the empty shell, 1.815 lb. The follwlng table shows the average number and weight of the fragments in each of four groups. Weight Zone grans
Number of Fragments
Weight of Fragments Ib
0 - 75 75- 150 150 - 750
197 14 13
0.80
1
0.24
226
1.53
760 -25 Total
Percent of Empty Shell Recovered
0.23 0.45
10
94.7
NR
40-141
Ballistic Research Lab. Aberdeen Proving Ground,
Ballistc Research Laboratories Eanio& of Ball1stic and EngwerlnM Data fc: Amznuition, No. 40-1-81
Mry.d
2 March 1949
BALLISTIC AND ENGINEERING DATA for Shot, AP, 40-mm, M81 or M81A1 with Tracer
Section I 1I tMl
General - - - - - - - - - ------------ 2-4 Description Interior ballistic data
- -
TV
Exterior ballistic data
- -
V
Effect data-----------
5 3-7
8
SECTION I GON3RAL
Purpose - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
1. prupose. The purpose of this number of the handbook is to furnish a concize collection of information regarding the shape, dynamics, ballistics and effects of the 40-m Armor-piercing Shot M81 or M81AI with Tracer. This information is collected from the drawings, reports, firing tables, and technical
manuals pertaining to this ammunition.
rp
~
-~
M114 40. 141
RALUSflC AND ENCINURINQ DATA
I F
1
p
0
1
0
a: 5
0
U,
p I
2
___
FOR SHOT. AP 40.K NIAi
Drawr
GLH 40-141 2-5
2
.....
Dimensions .............................Physical characteristics ......................-
3 4
. Drawinp. Shot: Metal parts assembly
75-2-311
Details
75-2-312
Tracer
75-14-333
3. Dnsaa Band: Distance from base Width
0.507 Cal 0.400 cal
Body:. Cylindrical lenth
1.575 cal
Windshield: Length Radius of ogival arc
2.330 cal 5.930 cal
Shot: Total leWh
3.0 cal
4. Physical cwMfrTer
kc.
Weight (standard) Base to centerofof inertiaMr~viyAalmoment Transverse moment of 'Lnertta*
1.96
lb
2-64
lb. in2
1.21 cal lb. in2 . 0.674
Estimated on the basis of mesurements of the 37-m Armor-piercing Capped Shop M51.
WITERIOR BALLIST= DATA
Theoretical yaw in bore ..-------------------5. Theoretical yaw in bore. Minimum
2r min
Maxmum
32 min
3
r-3
.
-nM
•.
.
r.
.
.
..
...
SIt
IRL14 40141 6-7
ANDA SNEWING DATA EW
MICIVD KZIMOER SflJ
Aerodynaminc data ------ - - - - - - -Firt
table data
- - - - - --
DATA
--
-
at
a. Drag. With the G8 drag function, the balisticoefficent was determined from the time of flight at 800, 1000 and 1500 y)00 yards
range. The extrapolated value at zero
range is 0.615 (see par. 7k). The corresponding form factor, relative to Projectile Type 6, is 1.285. Hence, the drag coefficient is 0.142 at the standard muzzle velocity of 2870 fps. These data were obtained with the AP Shot M81, but are applicable to the AP Shot MUA1, since its contour is only slightly different. b. Stabift.
No stability firings have been done with the 40-mm AP Shot M81 or M81AI. The
stability factor, estimated from that of the 37-mm Armor-piercing Capped Shot M51 (given in Ballistic Research Laboratory Report No. 225, Ntablity of 37-mm HE Shell M63, AP Shot M51, and Proof Projectile MS") at velocities of 1350 and 270 fps, for a twist of rfingof one turn in 30 calibers, Is 2.58.
1. Fing table data.
FT 40AA-A-3.
Ons, Automatic, 40-mm, M1 and Dual, Automatic, 40-mm, M2. Twist of rifling: Increasing, 1/45 to 1/30. MV: 200 fps (the MV for a new gun is 2870 fps). Weight of Shot with Tracer: 1,96 lb. OCM items 17876 and 17750 recommended and approved standardization of the Armor-piercing Shot M81. The M81 Shot is now classified as limited standard, and the MBIA1 standard.
4
FOR~ 940T. AP. 4W
MBIA!
BA7404
.i I~~
__
4
C'J
HI
t.IH11
t
.47
4
4
-.
;
II--t
aai 40.143
RAIJrfl
AND ENGDNERIN
7
til I
jjj
199
If
~t~~
j
DATA
DRLH 40-141
FOR SHOT. AP. 40-MNL MIAI
t
1t-44
0
2 -47
wF
-4- 1t-41
~~
BALUNM AND EWC*NEEWNC DATA
H-- I____4_Ft I
III
1 f-,
I
T
I
I I
I_______
+-
r
fra r
IC
1
t
BRLH $4-i.81
FOR SH.CT, AR 40.MM. MAI
SECTION V EFFECT DA'A Paragraph Penetration . . . . .. ...
.
. . . ..-.--------------..-. .- ..
8
8. Penetration. a. Ballistic limits.
Number in Aver--e
Plate Thickness: 1.5 in. 20°0 Obliquity:
Ba'.-* ttz Limit
Face-hardened
Army Navy
2004 1972
4 39
Florogeneous: Brinnel No. 269
Army
2088
12
fps
BRIM 40.
1~
BALUS1C AND ENGINEERING DATA
+
40
-r-
T7
'-
:i44
1
4-_
_
_
.. ....
4 4-4---
wI
4491
FOR SHOT. AP'.
BRLP- 40-.18
4(i.MIK MAI
2p4r
4T~4
~
t-
-4,--
-4
-~-
4
t
C-3--
4
t-.-t
~~1
-- T~~-NF
Q
JX1.~
If
-,
0
BSR.H 57-1-3C6
Ballistic Research Laboratories Handbook of Ballistic and Engineering Data for Ammunition, No. 57-1-306
Ballistic Research Lab. Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland. 2 March 1949 BALLISTIC AND ENGINEERING DATA for Shell, HE, 57-mm, M306 with Faxze, PD, M89
Section I
Ra-agrabs General ------------.--.----
1
iI Ill
Description - ---------Interior ballistic data -.- ----
2 - 4 5
IV
Exterior ballistic data ---.- -
6- 7
V
Effect data-------------
8-9
SECTION I GENERAL Paraah Purpose - -----------------------------1. Purpose. The purpose of this number of the handbook is to furnish
1 P
concise collection of iror-
mation regarding the shape, dynamics, ballistics and effects of th6 57-imm High Explosive Shell M306 with the Point Detonating Fuze M82. This in'orma. n is collected from the drawings, report-, firing tables, and firing records pertain ing to this ammunition.
ILH 57-1-W0 2
BALUiSTIC AND ENCJNEMRNC DATA
ii 020
I
10
FOR SHELL HL 57-MK4 M306
BRL-H 57-1-306 2.4
DESCRION
Drawings - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Dimensions - -----------------------------Physical characteristics - ----------------------2. DrawingS. Shell: Metal parts assembly and details Fuze: Assembly and details Details
75-2-359 73-2-233 73-2-234 ard 235
3. Dimensions. Chamler: Angle Length Band: Distance frorn chamfer Distarwe from base Width
b
0.055 cal 0.345 cal 0.40 cal 0.15 Cal
Cylindrical body: Length1.7
Ogie: Length Radius of arc
a 0.545 cal 2.0 1 Cal
Fuze: Length. (Outside)
0.365 Cal
Length: Shell Shell and fuze Ogive and fuze
2.01 cal 2.S3Scal 1.31 Cal
4. Physical characteristics.
Weight (standard) Weight (as tested)
2.75 lbI *2.86
Base to center of gravity Axial moment of inertia Traverse moment of inertia *See 3RL- Memlo Reports 300 and 348D.
lb 1.237 -all, 2.18 lb. iLn 9.89 lb. In
2 3 4
BALUSTIC AND ENNEFING rATA
BRL2H 57-1-306
5.7
SECTION II ILTERIOR BALLIStiC DATA
Theoretical yaw in bore -
Paragra~h 5
--------------------
-
5. Theoretrzal yaw in bore. 11 min 18 mi
Minimum Maximum SECTION IV
I
EXTERIOR BALLISTIC DATA
Paragraph
..--.----------------- 6 ...-. ..... ......data ......Aerodynamic 7 ...........-..------------------Firing table data 6. Aerodynamic data. a. Drag. Drag function Form factor (from time o. flight) Muzzle Velocity (fps): Drag coefficient, KD
1200 0.191
Mean
G, 0.b6 978 0.!05
b Stbility. These data were obtained with the experimental Shell T22 with a PD Fuze; i% physical charactezistics are given in paragraph 4 (see Ballistic Research Laboratory Memorandum Reczrts No. 300 and 348D). Muzzle velocity Twist of riflirg Siabi ity factor (standard) Moment coefficient, K
1176 fps 1/30 1.62 .31
7, Firing table data. FT 57-E-1. Rifle, 57-mm, MI8 Twist of rflIng: 1/30. Muzzle velocity: 1200 lfps. 0M tems Z443 and 28073 recommended and approved standardization ci the HE Shell M306.
1
4
BRUi 57.1-306 7
fOR SHUL HE 57.MK M306
tuFORM FACTOR - ELEVATION J TYPE I
t
IT
7 -1-
.
1-tl -
-4-
T 114
T
=71 !!rr-
44-
t
t
il
+44
14+ t
0.
4
t T-t
+T
ELEVATION-MLS. 0.9
4
:100
P-00
P1:P:T:1 600
I
0
4-
T-- T
I
I
-17
IT,
LBAWSTIC COEFFICIENT-ELVATION CURVE PROJ TYPE 1)
-- 44-
4- -
.55
+
t T--
ELEVAMN W
A
WD
Boo
B~LH
AND EN-4NEEXiNG DATA
5.1.306BAWSTK
..
a
~~it
I
4-MO
H-
itt itttt'I
'~~~~thZ~w 4000T-1T
L~.__oil
4
zut:
V
BRLH 57.1-306
FOR SHELL. HE 57-MK& W.06
pLEMNLVLCT
AG N
4oQ~t
-4114
r41 ..
o00
'000
x
I
P-1 4 -F-
fill
ZOG 140
ERMPAL
T1
4005c
OF.-LAN.
fRLftJ
BALUflC AND ENGINEERING DATA
57A.306
-#&
DRIFT -
RANGE CUW
4- 1-4-i-I T
.- 4
t
41+!444-1t-
14
40
-4
11144-4l
-
*~
-I--i-j----L
I' I
t-4_
t--
i
__
-I-jA...
rrv-r~
20
-'
to .1
-+~--,*717
~wr!t
o00
2000
4000
!'000
!500)) I -T
f
DELECION O! MP LAERA FFET
FORt SHEU- 14L 57.MM. M306
RH5-30
ANGLE OFSVWE
9.0OMPLEMENTARY
-rH
-Zf "
:
(AVG~ FOR±t I Mi-wL ANGLE OFSITE)
4 TT
I,=a
TI,,
[L+T I
.j..... .
4~4 --
-- e~------
1 b
277
022biH~~~~ii~jH1TT1 I
ti
A00
w ~~-4--~:24 .-
4
--
4j
i-.-!;see-
00 4j
::T
zL4-
4Zj
i
0
20
41 1
;J
4I
50
MWLH 57.1-306 7
BALliTI
AND ENCJNEERIC DATA
(1200 FPS ISSTNARD)
P4R.''
-4
0~-~0
I-
~~
100
>.
~
TF_ I-S--
~~~.
:00T00
4
Jt4mEzAt
~-
2
-.
__ ___ _
~~-1-
4
-*
I4-1
-v' flirt7
"tsiO 3000
x JziT.
40
4
+++I
.
-C
..
. ...
li
i--*
FOR SMELL HE 57-M.
BRL'4 57-1-3% 7
M306o
j.RANGE EFFECT OF I MPH R
L--
I-
,*-
--
r..4.
-
-,
-.--.
,P:_
° 4
"--' -
_
-
i i, "
4-
--
J
-
-
.,
-
WW... .. "i
r
,..._,.
..
. .
.
4
.
.
.
-YARDS
.
'4
-".O
..
.- ..
L -AG!
..
.
-- -
.
-OAS
---
.
i....:--.--..----..
- -
t--v
-. -t
_ ,,_.:.__ *No-As it, AnDEN
44.-
p
r
. . ..-
*
. E---FECT OF 1%
.RANGE
. -r-
"
4000
2,=
.-.-
_-~~RNG'E oF
•
,---
-I
t_-.
ol2
trt
-.±,.j
MS- -
.
.....-
-.
.
,
-r
,
-rt-------t.
-
-I--
-----
*--
*
. -.
4
....
.. AE
EN.. flY'""
-.
--
8RLU-4 57-.3c
FOR SELL HE. 57.MM. M306
7
W~~ThTT~h~ttt-U
OFfIMH t--lND4tg
J.RANGEEFEC
4
--
,'I
T
+,_ _-.,_.. _ _ _
-4--
.-
4
*
-
+. ..
r-t-..,-
q ,+
.4
.' ".,
.
.
.
.. -
,--
77 o
100
-r rr"-:,
-'
i- .
-t- . --
.
,•,
..
.....
.
--.
.-
.
.
--ti, --
.
. --
-a---++
I--.- - -
,+,
--
RAN-E- YARDS
2000
~
-
3000
4000) _
tzzzz-Ltr2,zm
5000_~~ - ___
RANGE EFFECT-1 OF 1%iNCRKASE INAIR DUNSTY ~.---
"+
-
-
,_'
..IS-IA.
I--4
A-
u.
----
.
I
_-4
I
-
-
+-
I..-
-
I
* .
-I *
I
- -v
0M
ZI-
-4-..,
-
.-..
n I
t
. ..
00O
.
.
2u
. .
.
.
-
r
.
.
. , ..
. .
..•
. . .4
--
4
r0-
4
5000
_...
,
_
BALUSC AND ENMINEERING DATA
571306 8.9
SECTION V EFFECT DATA
Paragraph Sand pit fragmentation .....N -A ffagmentation ......-
.........-.-..---------------8 ..... ....- .---------------9
8. 8ad pit fragmentation. The data given in this paragraph were extracted from Firing Record P-38375. Five HE Shell T22 were placed in boxes and detonated statically by means of an electric blasting cap connected to the PD Fuze Tl19E1, Which was modified for this purpose. The fragments were separated from the sand by means of a magnet and grouped according to weight. The following table shows the average number and weight of the recovered fragments, Weight zone (grains)
0 to 50 50 to 75 75 to 150
No. of ,ra
Weight (lb)
428 18 12
0.82 0.13 0.16
1
0.03
150 to 750
Total framents
4
Scrap Total fragments and scrap Empty shell Loaded shell
Percentage of Empty Shell
1.14
54
0.35 1.49 2.11 2.63
17 71 100
9. Panel fragmentation. The data given In this paragraph were extracted from Firing Record P-38069. The panels consisted of 1-inch dressed No. 3 pine boards 9 feet high, placed in two semi-circles with radii of 15 and 30 feet. Each of five HE Shell T22 was placed at the common center of the semi-circles, with Its axis in a horizontal plane that bisected the panels, and detonated statically by means of an electric blasting cap connected to the PD Fuze T119E1, which was modified for this purpose. Fragment velocities were obtained by means of screens placed 15 feet from the shell. The following table shows the average weight of shell, fragment velocity, and number of fragments that penetrated the panels. Weht of shell Fragment velocity: No, of fragments: 15-ft radius 30-ft radius
Total
2.68 lb Side spray Nose spray
4259 fps 1332 fps
Perforations 146 67
Penetrations 471 19?
ORLH 57.1.307
Ballistic Research Lab. Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland. 3 March 1949
Ballistic Research Laboratories Handbook of Ballistic and Engineering Data for Ammunition, No. 57-1-307 BALLISTIC AND ENGINEERING DATA for Shell, HEAT, 57-mm, M307 with
Fuze, P1, M90 Paragrphs
Section General - ----
I
I
- - - ---
U
Description --.-.-.----
In[
Interior ballIstic data-
rV
Exterior ballistic uata - - -
- 4 5
- -.
6
7 8
Effect data----------
V
-
SECTION I GENERAL Purpose - -1------
---
--
--
--
---
--
--
---
--
--
I
1. Purpose. The purpose of this, number of the handbook is to furnish a conct-e collection off information regarding the shape, dynamics, ballistics and effects of the 57r-mm High Explosive Antitank Shell M307 with the Point Initiating Fuze M90. This information is colledted from the drawings, reports, and firing ,es pertaining to this ammunition.
71
WU~H
5.t~3O7BALL1STIC
AND ENGINEMRNG D)ATA
2
I
N
I-I I
-
.. -
rCL
I 4
o
w
N
1 :__
__________._________ ________
0
2
iJ
I
pa - -i
Drawings -.- -.. . . .--.. -.. - -. . . -. .- -.. -. -. - Dbensons - . --.. -..... ...............
2 3
Physical2.aDin chaateristics ------------------------wings.
SDetails
-4
75-2-353 75-2-354 73-2-2-6 73-2-Z37 end 238
a-hell: Metal parts asembly and details Fuze: Assembly Details
3. Dimemiamin
v
Closing -plug: :ength (outside) Shell body: Base to band Band width Base extension 'Chamfer ar~le Cylindrical length Threaded legt (under fuze) Total body length
0.10 0.40 0.15 0.07 100 ?.12 0.21 2.35
cal cal cal cal
Fuze: Body length (outside) Cgive length Radius of ogival arc Total length
0.30 0.82 2.00 1.12
ca Cal cai cal
Length: Shell (body and closing plug) hell and fuze
2.35 c&l 3.47 cal
al cal
4. Physical characteristics.
Weight
CG to
Lot No.
Dwg 75-2-353 Rev - Date
lb
Base cal
PA-E-T45-187
--
24 Oct 44
2.71
1.353
2.20
MG-i GR-2X
1 - 3 Mar45 2 - 6 May 45
2.70 2.75
1.269
2.006
Soell
3
(Standard)
Inertia -
-
lb. in Transerse 10.42
9.756
*
S
5.*
,'
-...-
RIM 3?4407
5
DLLIST1 AND EC1NEERIKC, DATA
nZZLR
AUM= DATA
Theoretical yaw-in bore
5
-
S. Theor*a yaw in bore. Minimm Maximam
5.3 mztu 9.0 min
SECTI TV EXTERIOR BALLIT
DATA Pa. graph
Aerodyaite ,data
6
Firng table data
-
Aeroym
S6.
a. D
data.
i The form factors relative to Projectile Type 1 that are tabulated here were determined
from observed times of flight. Shen Lot
Form Factor
Fl.i
Velocity fps Muzzl-e
I
MG-1
0.982
GR-2X
1.05
Drag Coefficte&t Mean
tat gue
1200
956
,218
100
4
.233
10..
v@T)
b. Sta'iity. Ballistic Restrch Laborory Memorandum Report No. 346D and letter APG 474.1/165 give the stability factors and mo.,at coefflcieT; of two lots of shell whose interior dimensions wcre different (see par. 4 for t"etr phycc7'I caaxatertstics).
Mze ;c
--
N
Twixtn: of
RD .Factor
y14
St'ilzty
____f__ent
Ccalftcient M
..
fps
PA-E-T45-18 MG-i
l200
l/>.
i20i
1215
130
1.7,
2"
"
4.
Moment
1.53 1.15
8"JO SlU
FOR SHiELL HEAT 57-MKMW
7. ivf taibis W16a riT 62-
7~.130
(ab.rW&Aed).
RUle, 57-mm, M18. Twist Pd rling: j30. )mzzle velocity: 120 fps. OCM items 27443 and 2073 recommended and approved stadardization of the HEAT S ell M30'.
a. Form favtor &YA ballUsU caflfien. lative to Projectile Type 1 apply to al elevations. -1 CI
0.94 0.583
The following form factor and balListic coefficient re-
WIW
AND ENGINEERINQ DATA
3.140?BALLLIrfl
I+
it
I tIt
I
t
t20EL it
*
Ii
I
.
... ....
i
!I
t
-M *
.HELL HEAT, 57-M.
P307
RP-'LH 57.1-307
EVFECT DATA
Penetration a. P*netration.
-
8
he average p;ntration o homcgeneous anzor .plate by 57-mm HEAT Shell M30
is 2.5 t-hes,
7
7
BR11H 60449A
~I
Ba IUxti: Research Laboratories
Ballistic Research Lab.
H&DbcxkLz of Ballisle and Etgine .x Data fo Noc. 60-. -49
Aberdeen Prvrig Grond,
Ardmun.t
on,
*sr-"
3 March 1949
BALLISTIC AND ENGINEERW3N DATA
Lfor Shel, HE, 60-mm, *49A2 with Fuze, PID, M52A1 Section General - -]----------r. IrE
Descriptio-n--------Exterior ballistic data ------
-22
4
5 - 6
GEMNERAL
P- mse-----------------------------------------1. Purp'ose. The l~zpose 01 this number 01 the harn.,ok is to far'nisi a conicise coa ecticn of. tn-ormation regarding the sbap. dymznrE:as and ballistis c the 60-mm High Explost-e Shel 149A2 V.th the Point Detcn&na -F uze MBZ-7.: n-I s nfornation is cc2tcted irm the drawings, reports and firing t.a~les pertaining to thli ammunlticr.
E
I
Ij i3I
w
4
Pararns p
;7
IIetal
[s~ml
Faran-au±ill
2. Drawins. rut: ssmbl ad
75-2-225
etisie
a
paI-.
3.Dieaos. -O
;mC70 03)t
-~~.
of assemy, oartste Fze
0..%6
-m!
nPgthc rw~erpzll~a
3.03 Cal
Lenzgt: Shell. anrd f In assrernhly 4. PhysialJcaratrs:Xan Wizt17rt isomandart Oetter irzgn-t .nrznorse
nsoxse moeflc inerit1a
ue
.s5. iY~ .tt X34
uA;SMkND
-47
BRIA
Ae-rod-ynamic dima ------------
FL-tig tabled=t
-
--
-
-
-
---
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5.Aercdynanik data. -- T'
ciuenrer
Dragyoftins
eci
&tz'
F,,
M14-,i-
'n so vz-
-r yaw-c abctt
-f
ev,
-
.r
cZa$-We
th
g-v-
-r.-
'_-p
:-J
~
~
=-v,zent
2
-r=d
mutZraiz:nC
--
-.
~
_
d' -'he.
4 -.he nhiots TnrrpAMfrs 's at a ftuZZp 'relocctydl 2251r une aa v~cc:vd O~ fs&re sn ,.J "crA tp~~ ..
z:
Z2sicRsrz 2 a,
rtrN
b. Mlom=nt coefflcjents.
-n
alp
A
5
1
i
I
44i 4-1
4--
+t
~~T71
--
iw*;l. I
L ~
-
iL li.i
Y
4
_
_-
f;.K;:~K
~-*i
j~:z:~.~
Aj
..
4-4-,C
4
I-
_
i
i:
7LH
i~IliJ~: LL L ___
_
it4-4*
m
-
BAWLSU C AND ENCINEERING DATA
BPLH 60.1-49 6
6. Firing table
) ta. FT 8C-A-3 and FT 60-A-4 (abridged). Mortar, 60-mm, M12 and M19. Smooth
bore. Muzzle loaduig. Projectile weight: 2.96 1b. OCM items 14517 and 14617 recommended and approved standardizationof the HE Shell IA49 with the PD Fuze M49. OCMitem
15196 classifled the HE Shell M49A1
(steel uistead of cast iron)witb the PD Fuze M52 as standard for limited procurement. OCM items 16026 and 16122 recommended and approved standardization of the HE Shell M49A2. a. Form factors and ballistic coefficients.
The following form factors and ballistic coefficients
relative to Projectile Type 1 apply to all elevations. Charge No.
Muzzle Velocity fps
Form Factor r1
32,listic 2oefficient -
0 1 2 3
189 292 377 449
.62 .73 .78 .81
.850 .730 .680 .658
4
518
.82
.650
)}
BRLH 60-1-49 6
FOR SHELL. HF- WMK M49AZ
0 0
0
44-W I-1-1;-4-T-M I I r -T-FT 1 f ill
00
1
1 71.r I
441.4
1-4 . X
4A
4., I -1
I. I,-i
--+ -
q-
L
fill
-441Q
-1-4-. - - 4+-
18
-T
If Ii
.4-4 .-r
fil
1:9
1
1I
1. III
I M
fit
I
If
A-
1-i-; t
t, 14 +
t
W
4
8
t It
r
f)3C1-NOj1VA3'13
.0
BALUSIC AND ENGINEERING DATA
BRLH M -49 6
o
ft4t I
~
ft'
'if
t
t
'L
*
..
j
4.
77.;
T-
-44
I
f4
r~
H
1-
4
1"
1
-
U)) 0 2
LL
II
BRLH 601-3 I
Ballistic Research Laborat-ries
Ballistic Pesearch Lab.
Handbook of Ballistic and
Aberdeen Proving Ground,
Engireering Data for Ammunition, No. 60-1-83
Maryland. 4 March 1949 BALLISTIC AND ENGINEERING DATA
for Shell, Illuminating, 60-mm, M83AI
with Fuze, Time, M65A!
Section I
tI
General ----------
Description -.-......
-
II
Exterior ballistic data - -
1!
Effect data - -- - - - ---
1
2 - 4 5 - 6 7
SECTION I GENERAL Purpose .......-
....
....
...-
.-
.--------------------1
1. Purpose. The purpose of this number of the handbook is to furnis, a concise collection of information regarding the shape, dynamics, ballistics and effects of the 60-mm lluminatirg Shell M83A1 with the
Time Fuze M65A.
This information is collected from the drawings, reports, firing table and firing records pertaining to this ammunition.
S"M Wto
BALJJSTIC AND EWNEM
UU
DATA
FO
HILL ILLUMNATING, 60-?,4
BRLH 601.183 2-4
M83AI
ParaEraph
...... Drawings .......Dimensions --- -3------------
--
.....-- --
Physical characteristics .....---
2 .-.----------------------
--
--
---
...-.-.-------- - ---------
-
2. DrawUW~. Shell: Body and loading assembly
75-14-350
Details Fins: Assembly and details
75-2-316 75-2-285
Fuze: Assembly 73-3-177 Details 73-3-178,179 and 180 75-1-143 Complete round: Assembly and marking diagram
3. Dimensions. Fins: Number
8
Length
0.80 cal
Length of assembly (outside)
0.91 cal
Body: Rear cylindrical part
Conical palrt Front cylindrical part
Total length
0.7 cal
1.1 Cal 2.95 cal
4.25 cal
Fuze: Length (outside)
0.87 cal
Length: Body ard fin assembly Body, fin assembly, and fuze
5.18 cal 6.03 cal
4. Physical characteristics. Weight (standard)
3.77 lb
4
3UUM.!3
L
AND
NEENW.1 DATA
SE'IICM M UTW
KBALLUTJ
DATA
eodynmcaa-----------------------------------A dea85 "eL(ziywmhc ---------
Ftrig ta-le d------------------S. Aooyml
MR
6
The bellistlte coefficient of a 3.7-1lb Illuminating Shell M L.
-tiv;e to
Projectile Type 1, determined at the lowest elevdon used in the range firings with each prtplltng charge,
ad the oorrespowYWC form factor ad dr
L
Muzzle
Elevation
315 377 43
60 50 45
W
okea&.
FT a0-G-1
Mortar, 6}-mm, IG and IM.
coeficient are tulated below. Ballistic Coefficient
Form Factor "1
Drag Coefficient KD
3
201
.177
.32! .32e
2.11 2.12
.180 .176
a-t*,-d)
Smooth bize. lMizle loading. Profectile weight: 3.70 lb. 0."M items
18031 and 18110 recommaMded ad approved sta iedlzationf
the fl
umJ,.' , Shell M83 (propelled by 4
inrements of U.4 powder) with Time ?rae M85, which bmris for aout 15 usc. OCM Item 2018 desipaaed this pojecti crements of M pder.
the Ulum
ittg Shell M63A1 when propelled by 4 in-
OCM Item 3159 reabaAftid thew projectiles as limited standard.
BRIA 60-143 6
MR SHELL ILLUMNAMM 60.MK MAt
2
If
lil t I If I
v:
T4
+
till III
L
16: 1M- 1
L _FTTj FTT I It fill
3 &W377
Till[ Ill.
41"
COM 2: MV315FPS I LrL+
K.-
Ill IIII
fit
'T -
CMME4:MV430FPS.
+
+H
i TYPE I
a-FORM-FACTOR- ELEWOON CURVES I _L I If Piz, I
++_1
as 50 45 ti llf III IIIii i 1 1111 I i fi ll I !Itit li I I I II to
65 so 11 1 111'. 1111 111 1 lilt I I!Ii fI I1 f l 'Il ll I I I I I I I I I if;.l 1;11 . If If I f : 1 I Ill I fill If
rf
4. ....
4:- 11
to 1 .-
111
1111144+
iet.Lusnc coummw- ELVATION CURVES (PROJ TYPE 1)
41
IL 40
.14
fit
..1, . i
ti
-1 1 1A
+ fit _c 444
__t__ -
MT if .__ -
.
-i 1 1
I
50
1 t -I
4 -t-t-r 11 -3 . J-1-1, +p! _; - .. ELEVATIMA 5
4
55
60
tj
, :
Lfl
i i
H
I I... t .1
Or.
70
BALWKfl MLr
AND ENNERNC DATA
604*
'i
IT
*
d;
4-
1
4
~
HCIZNTLRIG
T
IfLI.,
+1F++i
2.
YADI
I~ I
700 I I010001,00
f i t
I
i
ItI
t
I
Ii if0
BRLH- 60.1-83 6
FOR SHELL. ILUWNAIING 60.MM ?483A!
OF BUIRST- HORIZONTAL RANGE CURVES
IdHEIGHT
1-14'1hi
II
120UKR
177
T-
41J
j.-p.........
E1
V43
P
Mt
-MW.3
SALIUS
7
TIM
h-
AND EKXT-J.NG
ATA
rI
EFFECT DATA
----
7. U
pradwte. Tn the ftrflvC
Aftenr
---- -
----
--
--
7
about 15 scond-, the ftie reieases the candle, whtch is
.rried by a
te9ft of the Illumtnating Sell IM3A1, the candles burned from 25 to 31 second&
IL]
6]
SRU
I
Hpinibck of I~allistic and Eng' weriz-9 Data fo- Ammln-f, No.
i YO0i
~o eer "an.. ri %ee Ab RtardiyelP-%"gGrur i;4 '7
~1s
ResearchLaboratories ~~~allistic
~
-
&M--3 2 ALIICAND ENGRIEF-a-G DATA MVp.8-n-,?302
Shell~, Sm~oke
Fuze, PD, 1482 Section Creneral-I-- -- -- -- -17.
Descriptivon --------
Hl I
Exterior baliistic data
IV
Effee. dzta--
-- -- -----
2
-4
-
7
SEfLMON I GENERLAL
1.
Purpose. 7Me Prpose- Of this =mber of the barzdbOck ts tO fUrnish a cconcis" :ole
tc
n-
c;*nC-v -s' She:. rnaton re-garding the srnape, dynaxics, baU,,- ics and eif et!_s -.f the T-mmr Smn~ke (TWh.te MI'wL!ti~e Point Detonating Fuze M82-. -a-s W~rattOn ts co~ected from the ±.-awi gs, repcrts, an3 "I~gtab.Zs perainling to this a,-.1lunition.
MU-I
"1.302
3AJ!."j~jr AND
2.52
ww
InI
4c
YtI NTNWU'-
DIATA
FOR SHELL SMOKE (WP). 60-MM. M302
BRLHI 60.1.302 2-4
SECTION I DESCRITPTION Paragraph Drawings- -- --------Dimensions- -- --------Physical characteristics- -- ----
------------------
-------------------
-------------------
2. Drawings. Shell: Metal parts assembly Fins: Assembly and details Fuze: Assembly Details Complete round: Assembly and marking diagram
75-2-360 75-2-285 73-1-195 73-1-163,196 etc. 75-1-218
3. Dimensions. Fins: Number Length Length of assembly A(outside)
8 0.80 cal 0.91 cal
Shell: Ogivo-conical boattail Boattail to 'bourrelet Bourrelet Body Adapter Total length
0.98 1.09 0.42 2.49 0.25 2.74
Fuze: Length (outside?)
1.00 Cal
Length: Shell and fin assembly Shell, fin assembly, and fuze
3.65 cal 4.85 cal
cal cal cal cal ca) cal
4. Physical characteristics. Weight (standard) Weight without safety wire and propellant
3.98 lb 3.95 lb
2 3 4
ZA!60-1-33
B,
"TIC AND ENGNEEING DATA
.
5.6
SECTINIm EXTERIOR BALLISTIC DATA
Paragraph Aerodynamic data ......-... Flring table data
.... -.-----------------.-.
5
... --------------...-.--
6
.......-...
5. Aerodynamic data. The following values of the drag coefficient were determined from the form factor given in paragraph 6a. Muzzle Velocit)
Drag Coefficient
-fps 156
KD .086
244 316 380 439
.083 .079 .077 .075
6. Frtln table data. FT 60-F-i. Mortar, 60-mm, M2 and M19. Smooth bore. Muzzle loading. Projectile weight: 3 98 lb. OCM items 2N23 and 26708 recommended and approved standardization of the 60-mm WP Smoke Shell PD Fuze M82. a. Form factor and baillatic coefflelent
The following form factor and ballistic coefficient .irtve
to Projectile Type 1 apply to all elevations and muzzle velocities.
-
11
0.905
C.
0.788
302 with the
44
4
BRU-I 60-1-302
FOR SHELL SMOKE V(WP). 60-MMK M302
6
4
..
S... ...
.....
...
~ i~-
.............
1t 1
~vqt
-4 A~*i~
1~~~1.X
.~J
4-i
d~l~
4i *
ilt
-NIV3_f
8
BP.LH 60.1-302 6
FOR SHELL SMOKE MTP), 60-MMK M302
~Ihr
;14-
-
-18
00.
Ti-4
J-j
_.1
BALLISTI
BRi IM6-302
AND ENGINEERING DATA
6
-42.z
-i--I
4-, 4 i-r
11+
j
F14 it
II
r
T
46
173
FOR SHELL SMOKE (WP)j 60-MM. ?302
BRLH 60.1.302
7
SECTION WV EFFECT DATA
Paragraph White Phosphorus ......-
...
..
.-.
..--.------------------
7
7. White Phosphorus. 'White Phosphorus (WP) is a pale yellow solid which burns to white smoke in
aLr. The smoke persists for 10 minutes and has the same odor as burning matches. The burning pieces adhere to the skin and clothing; they should be washed with copper sulfate solution or immersed in water. %VPis used to screen advancing troops, to start fires, and to harass enemy observers.
BRLH M1~I41
Ballistic Research Laboratories Handookof alliticRndAberdeen Data for Ammunition, No. 75-1-41
Ballistic Research Lab. Proving Ground, Mvaryland. 7 March 1949
KEngineering
BALLISTIC AND ENGINEERING DATA for Shell, HE, 75-mm, M41A1 Fuzes, PD, M48A2, and TSQ, M54 Section I 11
Paragraphs General -- -- -- -- ----Descript' n- -- -- -- ---
1 2-4
III
Interior ballistic data
5
VI
Exterior ballistic data -- -
- - -
-
6
7 -8
SECTION!I GENERAL
Purpose -- -- -- - --
- --
--
- - --
- --
--
- --
--
- - -----
1
1. Purpose. The purpose of this number of the handbook is to furnish a concise collection of information regarding the shape, dynamics and ballistics of the 75-mm High Ex~plosive Shell M41I with the Point Detonating Fuze M48A2 and the Time and Super-quick Fuze M454. This information is collected from the drawings, reports and firing tables pertaining to this ammun~tion.
BAWLSM1
BRL~i 75.1.41
I~c
AND ENOWNFN
DATA
?J
BRLH 75.1A1 2.4
FOR SHELL HE, 75-?4. M41AI
SECTION 1i DESCRIPTION
Paragraph Draw ings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D im ensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...-...-...--------------.... Physical characteristics .....2. Drawings. Shell: Metal parts assembly, marking diagram 75-2-25§ and details 73-2-112 Booster M20: Assembly 73-2-140 Fuze, PD, M48A2: Assembly 73-2-143, etc. Details 73-3-i54 Fuze, TS7, M54: Assembly 73-3-15, 157, 158, 159, 160 Details 3. Dimensions. Boattail: Angle Length
7*30' 0.486 cal
Band: Distance from boattaU Distance from base Width
0.273 cal 0.759 cal 0.163 cal
Cylindrical body: Length Ogive: Length Radius of arc
1.712 cal 1.077 cal 6.194 cal
Fuze: Outside length
1.266 cal
Length: Shell Shell and Fuze Ogive and Fuze
3.281 cal 4.547 cal 2.343 cal
4. Physical characteristics. 13.8 1b 13.9 lb 14.2 lb 0.118 lb. ff 1.09 b. ft
Mesn weight: Zone 1 Zone 2 (standard) Zone 3 Axial moment of inertia (estimated) Transverse moment cf inertia (est.)
3
2 3 4
BALLSTIC AND ENCLNWUNG DATA
M93U75."t
SECTI ON'S -707
4
+39
+284
+34
AXES OF RESULTANT STRESS
DIAGRAM
OF RESULTANT STRESSES
4
FOR SWL. HE 71.5A
M41A)
BRI.
75.1.41 5.6
5EC"r0OI IT!
MLTRIOR BALLISTM DATA aragraph
Stresses
--------------------------------
5
Theoretical yaw in bore - ...................... 5. Stresses. 7he folloing table ad the graphical representation on page 4 show the longitudinal, radlai and tangentia stress at each of Ciree sections: (A) the rear corner of the band seat, (B) the front of the band seat, and (C) Immediately behind the bourrelet. Howitzer Twist of rifling Cross-sectional area of bore Rated maximum pressure Total weight of projecttle Muzzle velocity Density of filler (TNT)
75-m MI, MIA1, M' and M3 1/20 7.0043 sq in. 29,000 psi 13.90 lb 1,270 fps 0.057 lb per cu in.
Resultant Stress'
Section
T~TI%_5
A
B
C
LongitudInal
-
180
- 490
- 422
Radial Tanential
+ 405 - 707
+ 39 +342
+ 47 +284
*
+ denotes tension,
-
denotes compression-
6. 'Theoretical yaw i bore.
MInmum M a~xium
13.6 mir 18.? min
BALLUSTC AND F.4NEERING DATA
8RL4 7S141 7.8
SECTION IV EXTERIOR BALLISTIC DATA
Paragraph Aerodynamic data ......... .. -.-----------------.-. ..7 Ftring table data- ......... .. -.-----------------.-. ..8 7. Aerodynamic data. The trajectories for the 75-mm Howitzers were based on the G. drag !undion,with balistic coefficients determined from range firings (see par. 8b). The extrapolated values of the ballistic coefficient at zero elevation and the corresponding form factors and drag coefficients are tabulated below. Muzzle Velocity fps
Ballistic Coefficient 02
Form Factor 2
Drag Coefficient KD
1.964 1.886 1.830 1.714
.81 .85 .87 .93
.057 .056 .059 .149
3. Firing tabe dta.
FT 75-1-4.
705 820 965 1270
Howitzer, 75-mm, UIAI, M2 and M3. Twist off rtIlIW. 1/20. OCM items 15194 and 15278 recommended and approved reclas-Ifying the HE Shell M4lAI as substitute standard fer the Howitzers.
8)
)
T
FOR SHELL HE 75-W M41AI
7-
BRLH 75-141
-FORM FACTOR - ELEVATION CURVES (PROJ TYPE 2) TT
I
vt t f
I
t-
T
4 1270 P
I lot
01 T! -T
Lor
+
4- 44-4-
4_
V T
20
_LL
P.
4 4
+4-1 I
1
+
11 T
T
4
j+
ol
-i + T
v-T'";LT T
if dr
.441 -CHARGE MV- FPS
+
f I
H
74
a.
I
J:
+ to
.7
+
ELEVATIOri-VALS AM
400
600
800
7
-FT 4 i 1000
V_
I _._T
1200
4--t-4-
NpJJ
lWJJ1fl
75-41
r- hS~ALUSTICG
AND LW~aNEERMN
FMEG - &EEVATION CURVES (PROJ TYPE 2)
f+
fit
04ZO
40
!I.
t
J-I~ +f W1 0
8 J-0
40 844
1.0
DATA
III
FOP SHELL H4E. 75-M!4 MJIAI
Rj}
E
EM7% ANr-EC
L
-
_______
-
QIAGE W)XRPANGE'-YDS :z.
----
~GHA 2rL'z~
a
4225
30 7020
254 A.~a3
100--_
"'It_'
1;
-
zi
1wI
.4
t
20(X 400
-U.----
j--f
-.---
4-
600
71L S
eo or,
'0000
*
>
&UM
I0
AND ENGNEM~NIG DATA
75-1-IlBALUS1C
AGEO
FL
AG
fL__
fill____LI
4
Ill
8200
_ -
BRLH 75.1-41
FOR SHELL. HE. 75-MM M41AI
-4d
elTERMINAL VELOCITY-RANGE CURVES
130
IM
4-
1100
T+
1100
4-
w
r #V,-
10001 Itz W-II
-N.
4-
4- -
4 1 1270 I I I I LJ I
+
Ilk 90C
t
-F T
Boo
-t
3 965
iI
2.7
I r-t- t a?.
r
0
4
T
_14
_TT
I Ij
CHARGE MV -FPS 705
4
RANGE 2000
4000
t T J_;
41
J
600-71
500L 0
4,,
j.
-L-4 .
6000
YARDS' Soov
10000
1
BALUS'nC AND ENGINUANG DATA
BRLW 75-141
-J
f.TIME 0 F FLIGHT RA NGE CURVE S -14+-
.-- 44-1.4-4 1.1-
!+
4 -r-
14+ r
3
1i fit 1,11
ORA RGE Wi- F" 705--
40
T It r
f I I if
.4sI if ll
I ILL I
30 ou U.
PO
0
T 4 00
10
ul
it tj
14V
4
t
M
f1i t
14114
I t
-
4f4-j-4,
01)
1t 2000
t -4 4000
.! , RANGE - YARDS T $000 9000
t 1 4
10000
BL475i4
FOR SHELL HE. 75.MMK M41I
MV-FPST 75- 8AN0
965..S
II L I
f
i
t
BALLIMTC AND) ENWdNEMICN
BR475 -41
DATA
I _;
t 144
BRLH 75-1-41 8
'OR SHELL HE, 75-1141M41AI
(AVERAGE FOR_+I MIL AN GLE OF SITE)
ELVAIN
CHRG
11
ANGLE OF SIT E
pf I HIHI
II
~
U
COMPLEMENTARY ANOF SITE
OPN
5-41BAUJS1I
AND ENCINEMJNG DATA
ItI
Io-M-±2 -t-r II I~
4-FPS~'
?0't'i2
181
FORSHEL.
E.75-MMK M41AI
RH714
SMUZZLE
MRANGE EFFECT OF IFPS INCREASE INJf
VELOCITY-T qT
~
T
+
It
44
4
i.
.
_t-
4-~RA-YADS1:! 0
IT
200 400
600
000
00+
rp
BALLMIC AND ENrINEEIN
75.4
l NaW
EITFTT-Fr
IN
.L
(59OF IS STANDARD) .14 -
41
t
--
L
-L4
i-H
A
I..I
IIt
L
181
I
DATA
BRLH 754.41
FOR SHELL 14E. 75-MM. M,4IAI
aJ
16~
4-4-
~7052-j~
2 +1-i~ i-i-
0 200
000
fit
$00
aoo
10+
.11_14
~4-1270-
J
RAIUSTIC AND ENGINEERIM, DATA
XUA 75-4-41
ANGE EFFECT OF 1%INCREASE INAR DENSITY I 111-Zl i ft. (100% IS STANDA
-LU
if 1
III f i t I II
I
1 ti l l # I-tr-
CHARGE I MV-FPS 705 loll lfliiflr-L
x IN
I-A
-1:1-
2 I
3 9 65
loll
Iiii IF r -H -i " - -1
fit
1&-
4
-444
4 4
t t T I IH-
-i T-
m;
w
1At 4: w
I 1114 1-14
I-Vid
1- +
I
-41
4 127
H4-
4j
-,T t
-30 -V
J-
.4
RANCA YARDS 2000
TZ. -7 771-.-M-
4-1
4M
acw
Bow
20
H
10000
BR1.L 75.1 I
Ballistic Research Laboratories Handbook of Ballistic and Engineering Data for Ammnitlon, No. '!5-1-48
Ballistic Research Lab. Aberdeen Proving Ground, Mryland. 10 March 1949 BALLISTIC AND ENGINEERING DATA for
Shell, HE, 75-mm, M48,and M48E2 with Fuzes, %?T, M43; PD, M48A2, M51A4 and M57; TS,
M54 and M55A3; CP, M78; and VT, M97A1 and T73 Section
Paragraphs
I
General - -1----------I
Ii
Description - ---------
M
Interior ballistic data ----
IV
Exterior ballistic data
V
EfIect data-- ----------
- - -
2 - 4 5 - 6 7 - 10 -14
SECTION I GENERAL REarap Purpose - ----
--
----
---
----
---
-----------
1
1. Purpose. The purpose of this number of the handbook is to furnish a concise collection of inisrmauon regarding the shape, dynamics, baltstid s and effects of the ?5-mm High Explosive Shell M4e with the Mechan zal Time Fuze M43, the Point Detonating Fuzes M48A2, M51A4 and M57, the Time and Super-quick Fuzes M54 and M55A3, the Concrete Piercing Faze M'?8, and the Vaxiable Time Fuze M9?AI. It also includf some data regarding the experlanenta. High Exrlosive .ell M48E2 and Variable Time F.e T'?3. This inf:rmat,orn ,s coilected fzorn tne drawings, reports, firing taoies, and technical manuals pertaining tc this an-mtion
arm
RAJ.LS71C ANO ENGINFEXM
M-4
ALI DIMENSIONS IN CAUiBERS ICALz 2.53"
-
2.45
-9 -
I
I
I
9
SHELL, HE, 75-MM, M48 M4A2 FUZE,
4.69 2.08
.4129-
I
IL I_ =
.
...
-
3~.79
,SHELL, HE,75-MM, M48 FUZE,OP MI
2
S --
DATA
FOR SHELL mE71M1 MS
-LL75-1-02-3
Dim.ensions Physical cha-racteristics ------------------------
3 4
2. Dra-wLnj. Shell MO.- Meta parts a-ssembly, marking diagram and details
7--
Booster MX: Assembly
73-2-1 2
Booster M21A4: Assembly
73-2-154
Fine, MT, M43: Assembly7-7 Fac. PD. M4SA2: Ass-embly Details
a Fin2e,
73-2 -14(0 73-2-143, etc.
Details Me. .15: Assebly and det-a~s Details
m1q.
u3-2-143, fltc. 713 -2p734-2-129
MN4: Asse-mbly
I57,
7-13- 154 73-3-158
:Fue, TS.MSS6i: Assembly and deafr (The Booster M21.A4 and !he TOFine U5( azre ceiposents off the TSQ Fuse M&W2)1 ,CP,
MW6: S&dy assembly.- and edetailIs
1w6 ise, 160 7..3 5
32".
4
Boalail: Angler CO.gt Q4Q9 0.2c; i .3
Band. D-istance from beattat!ritct,-e from baseOJ -n L2.
uv Ulf.
adyf2
n:hifla2a
C-gwoe: Lengir:.ha Pad'=s of arc
'~
Srteli; uritized: LenrC
urs
flI
M148-.4-
BALUSTC ANU ENC4NEFMRMN
DATA /
Fuze, C03, M'78: Cutstde length Radius of arc Shell and Fuze Ogive and Fuze
0.90 2.71 4.69 2.08
cal cal cal cZl
~t1charaetr'islics. Faze
Mean Weigh- (4 Zone 2
Base to Center of
3
_(Standard%
MT PD TaQ
14.40 14.40 14.40
14.70 14.70 14."D
15.00 15.00 15.00
CP
15.12
15.42
15.72
VT
14.65
14.95
15.25
Moments of pertia (lb.ft )
Gravity (cal)
V
2.043 2.03?
0.1260 0.1259
Transerse
1.523 1,495
SECTION M ITURKR BALLWIC DATA
Paragraph
*Strewff -- -- -- -- -- -- - - -.heoredcal yaw In bore .....--5L 3w.fion. The following table
- - -- - -- -- - - ----...-.-.--------- ---------
-
6
d the graphical representation on page 5 show the lonitudina±,
radial and tangential stress at each of two sections: (A) the rear corner of the band so-at and (B) the front -f the band seat. Gun Twist of rifling
75-ram, M1897Al 1/25.586
Cross--ectioml area of bore
6.967
sq '.a,
Eateimaitmum pressure
36,000
psi
Total. weight of projectile FIzzle velocity Dens 4- of filler
14.70 1,950 0.057
lb fps lb per cu in.
Resultant Stress*
RU
-psi
Longitudinal Radial Tangertial + deaotes tension,
T*a TL. MljM;aun MaMxum
N4
yaw in be-e. 9 mI
13 mtn
Section
A
B
- 203 +326 •605
- 410 - 15 + 438
- denotes compression.
BRLH 75.!48 5
FOR S,,EI.L HE. 75-MM, M48
AB
_
-7
SECTIONS -605
A
+326
-4108
-203-4
/
--
45
- 436
LONGITUDINAL r.
AXES
OF RESULTANT STRESS
DIAGRAM OF RESULTANT STRESSES
N5
BALlISTI
BIW.J-I 75.1..4,8 7
AND ENUNEE.NG DATA
SECTION W EXTERIOR BALLISTIC DATA Paragraph
Aerodynamic data Firing table data: FUring table data: Firing table data:
......-..... ...-. ..--.----------------- 7 Howitzers .....--. ..-.---------------8 Tank Guns ....--...-.-.--------------9 Aircraft Guns - ---- - - - - - - - -- -- --10
7. Aerodynamic data. a. Lou of spin. Ballistic Research Laboratory Memorandum Report No. 297, "Spin Imparted by 75-mm Gun Tl3E1", gives data obtained by means of a radio spin sonde from five inert M48 Shell with a dummy fuze that has the same contour as the PD Fuze M48A2, fired from 75-mm Guns T13E1 with special tubes that have a French form of rifling with a twist of 1/22. The average muzzle velocity was 2014 fps. Below are average data for times of flight from 1 to 18 seconds: Reynolds' number, based on the translational velocity and the caliber of the shell and the kinematic viscosity oi the air Axial couple coefficient, KA
2.30x10 0.00587
Skin friction drag coefficient, C9F
0.00175
b. Stadlity. The "Report on Stability Firing with 75-mm T3 Shell Fitted with M39A2 PD and T12 Mechanical Time Fuze:e (Ordnance Program 4982, Technical Staff Test Program 1932-685) gives data on stability for the Shell M48 (T3) with the MT Fuze M43 (T12) at muzzle velocities of 905, 1113, 1479, and 2190 fps. The report on "Stability and Damping of 75-mm HE Shell M48 (Ballistic Research Laboratory Memorandum Report No. 203) gives data on stability for the Shell M48 with the MT Fuze M43A3 and the PD Fuze M48 at a muzzle velocity of about 1950 fps. The stability firings were done with the 75-mm Gun M1920 MVI No. 1, which was rifled with a twist of 1/25, and a modified Aircraft Gun M4 with a tWist of 1/22. The twist of rifling is 1/20 for the 75-mm Howitzers, 1/22 for the Aircraft Guns M5AI and M00, and 1/25.586 (corresponding to an aLgle of 7) for the Tank Guns M3, M6 and )17 and the Antiaircraft Guns Te and T2.
69
I
FOR SHELL H E. 75-MM. M48
H3RLH- 75-48 7
P14 )STABILITY FACTOR
-
D 4
MACH NUMBER PLcIIFZE
I
4+~
=7 -1 7UEMI4 nu
F
BALLSTIC AND ENGINEERIN
BRLH ;5 1.48
DATA
II DRAG~E75
-14
NUMBER PLDT COFFCINT MACH
SHELLI H5-mM .. a; FUZE,CPD, 7PI
44
SEL;HEL, 75-MM M48;UE,TJ
fill
I
fil
1.5
I ID .
80M,
r-
2I
1-
'E . PIPTTP
IfI1
8
3
3.5
UZOh5
FOR SHELL HE 75-MM. M48
BRL-i 75-.148 7,8
d. Damping. The damping of the M48 Shell was observed in connection with the stability firings at 1950 fps. The average values of the sum of the yawing moment damping factor f and the cross wind force damping factor
K
are tabulated below.
Fuze
f
MT, M43A3 PD M48 Both
2.82 5.00 3.76
Probable Error
+ K
0.49 1.08 0.77
8. Fiing table datax Howitzers. FT 75-1-4 with C5. Howitzers, 75-mm, M1A1, M2 and M3. Twist of rifling: 1/20. OCM items 15055 and 15132 recommended and approved standardization of the HE Shell M48 for use inthe Field Gun. OCM items 15194 and 15278 recommenaed and approved standardization of the HE Shell M48 for use in the Howitzer.
/9
i°9
Y -
-.
' ¢ I-"
. .
. . ...
__ , I
-
-
. :.
. .. . ...
BALUSMIC AND MUNEEM.W.1 DATA
I
l i f t I If
.. .... ...
1 . 11 .... ..
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BALUSTIC AND ENMNEFAM DATA
BRU4 75.1-48
M
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e.TERMINAL VELOCITY- RANGE CURVES - 111 ft f i I I #........ , 1
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BRU?75--48BPLLISTC
XRASEEFECOF
AND UNG[WNERANC DATA
OE INCREASE INWEICW OF PROJECTILE
ZONE 2,MARKED++,IS STANDM)
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BRLH 75. 1-48
FOR SHELL HE 75.M. M48
E EFFMOT OF I FPS "NfEASEIN PiZZLE VELOCITY I
4-'-4-
I
-
,
8119
-
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FOR SHELL HE 75-NUA M48
O"E
BRLH 75.1-48
EFFECT OF I FPS WCAEASE IN MUZZLE VELOC ITY [fill It
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10 HARGE 1 950 1I 1I 1! -7-MV-F '01i rl I t I 1!Irl12 1I 1I
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BALUSIC AND ENGINEERING DATA
BRLa 75-1-43
I
l iifl
I
f
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LRANGE EFFECT C~F NCREASE IN AIR TEMPERATURE OWFIS S7NDARD) I'
l
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FOR SHEU_ HE. 75.MK M48
BRLH 75-148 8
T7
H REAR WND
NGE EFiFiE'G'T'
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4000
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BALUSI~fC AND ENINFUNG DATA
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i22
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BRLH 75.1-A8
FOR SHELL HE. 75-MINt M48
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9. frMr
BALUJSTIC AND E 4NCINEEINC DATA
t
daCr Ta kGun.
FT75-AY-1.
Guns, 75-mm, 14 (moumted in Medium Tank M4 and modification, Including Assault Tank M4A3EZ) M6 and M17 (mounted in Light Tank M24). Twist of rifling: 1/25.586. 0CM items 16640 and 16741 recommended arid approved the use of the HE Shell M48 in the 75-mm Tank Gun 12, which is now obsolete.
NS 20
-__-
-4
N0
FOR SHE"L HE 75-MM. M43
BRLH
5-1-48
9 - ELEVATION CURVES (O TYPE 2)
&ORM FACTOR
LII
II
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II
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9
7-I.4~RLUS11C
AND1ENC4MNEEUN
DATA
LBALUSIMC COEFFICIENT - ELEVATION CURVES (PRO~J TYPE 2) -
I-
I
44
fL
ri-I
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MVw 150 P
II
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FOR SHELL HE 75..Y.K M48
BRLi 75-1-48 9
PD FUZES.%TSO NORMAL %_1ARGE MV 1520 FPS
c-SLE-VATION -RANGE CURVES (Julvp 00 MLS) -I ifi! T a
414:J2
4-
1+
4; I
I T
i
I
I
I
700 PD FUZES a TSQ CHARGE MARANGE 7 SUPER 13995 YDS NORMAL 11285 YDS IT-_T REDUCED 6985 4- -
6000
4
I
I If
444, H-,-'-L,4-4 PD FUZESa REDUCED CHARGE mv 960 FPS
500
_L
_14
400 I
TA
T_T_ 0
30
Pr) F1179 aTSQ SUPERCHARGE
>
r .71 ...
44
20 rl-m _4
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.
4-
4-i
T
4
4-
UP FUZE ERCHARGE mv twFP_
1+; it
0
P-000
44DOO
6000
8000
27
it4
i4
.. ....- 4 R Afq GEE - YARDS, 10000 12ow 10,000
BAWSTJC AND E2NG1NEMRNC DATA
BRLM- M5I-48
I
I
f
TANJK GUNS
A
dANLEOF FALL -RANGE
CURVES
I
I1I2 it
I
I
I
II
I
I
[
i
NOMA CHARGE
* TQ AND PD FUZS J-
i
I
1
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I
REDUCEDG8AGE
ISM1
41
A
400E~
tI
x'o
4000R~
4
_
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-
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FOR SHELL HEF.75-.
BR,
M48
75-1-48 9
TA.NK GUNS ,;,4, * .r
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CERMINAL VELOCITY
,
RANGE CURVES
_ ,r-t .,,
4
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H
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1
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SUPERCIARGE .
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ORMACAG
4000
tA2100
YARDS SOW
29
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14000
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SHELL HE 7M-k%04 ?A.a
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STANK QLW4$S
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9
DRFT- RANGE
t~I:zz
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14
BRLH 75-1-48
BALLISTIC AND IMN'UQEJNC DATA
9
FOP,
II101
Nx-
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_______AG
r
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I~~~
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UE tR)
4-00
&)O
00002000
140
I
FOR SHELL HE. 75.M?4 M48
BRLH 75.1.48 9
TANK GUNS
p~
4-PANGE EFFECT OF I ZONE INCREASE 1!
IN WrEIGHiT CF PROVAECTILE (ZONE 2, MARKED++, IS STANDARD)
r?
-tT
+ _T t
..
__________________
LL1
0
~00
00
6004,0
-
100~'
900
~
__
____-
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>
~- ~Sf
BALUSTIC AND) ENINEERNG DATA
BRLH 75-1-48
1-Tt
1i1271
AN RRDS D. T-Y
10
--_
-=-~-
~
-=--
~
-=-T.
FOR SHELL HE 75-MM. M48
BRLI- 75.1-48 9
l
4- 14
t4K
UN
' t2t*
LRANGE EFFECT OF 'F INCREASE IN AIR TEMPLRATURE (590 IS STANDARD)
:
T4,~
J,4+4
I -44
4
-4-1 *-~
~
i-
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-~~~CAG
14 -1"4 i+
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8 PP
--
PD AND TSNGEFUZcs
NELGIL
44
4.-A
*---_i
F00 OR
T I.
f00+0 100
7~-~~~-~~_
100
4
BALUSTIC AND FENNMNG DATA
W.Wi 7514 9
TANK GUNS :T:
---
Tm.RANG;r EFFECT ,F I MPH REAR~ WIND l
l
i
f
I
lilt 44L44
4:Wt
UYW PD AND1Q17'
I
-4--
-
I'
-
1
--
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10~-H
4 1
o ~
REDUWG HARGEj ____
9W
w IeO FPS-
4
t-T.
FPS
iI'I
&LrI
r~pjit~~RANGE 200
400 600
Au38
___
VAPOS =
0=0
200
M
FOR SHELL PE. 7',.MM.. M48
BRLH 75-148 9
TANK GU S
H,
1+
.... .
L
I
n. RANGE E FFECT OF 1%INGVEASE INAR DENSITY (100% IS STANDARD) lj
T- H*H
IT'
4
4-
R-171
H-PI
_144 1-1;
jJ4 C44ARGE
V.-
I TI
REDUCED mv 960 FPS I R- i-A 11
f
4-
AND TSQ PJZES
-1-T-
+fl
11 t 1
I II IL
ij, -41+
4-14
NOFUMCMFM MV 1520 FPS
4--T H 7 1
_30fill
If Ii i
L
fi t
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NX1 1 iA , I -A
it,
d
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-1 1A
7-T-
4L
s"L PiER CHARGE' MV 1980 FPS
7c A T -I
4-' -4t 0
F -i T-11,
,
44 Rom
IT
RAN GE, f 4000
J_
4#1 0000
T 12000
14=
IR IFuze: 9J5J14j
IG
RAL4JS1C AND ENCINEEPING DATA
10. Firing table datA. Aircraft Guns. FTL 75A.C-AW-1. Guns, 75-mm, M5A1 and U1O (zuouxit&d in aircraft). V.V: 1,950 fps. Twist of rifling: 1/22. PD, M57. 0CM items 20756 and 20991 recommended and approved the tine of the HE Shell M48 in
the 75-mm Aircra~t Gun M4, which is now obsolete. a. Aerodynamic coutstants.
4
Form. factor, i (relative to drag function for HE &iell M48 with PD Fuze M57 ) Ballistic coefficient, C (relative to drag function for HE OheLl M448 with PD) Fuze 1-57)1.8 Normal st ability factor, ss Damping constant, c' Damping constant, a"
1.85? 0.000, 984,lft 1 0.000, 025, 68ff 1
Winda-ge jump coefficient, b Yaw-drag coefficient, K&18.4
24,931 mils. fps rad-2
1.00
b. Trajctoy d"a The firing tables apply to a gun flexibly mounted in elevation on an airpla-ne flying horizonta~lly, sr mounted at a fixed elevation on a diving airplane, and firing at a target on the ground. They list the following daa and certain effects on them for true air- speeds of 2,60 and 3.50 mph: Time of flight: S Horizontal-angle between the gun and the li1ne of sight. Vertical angle between the gun and the line of sight.
38
BRLH 75--
FOR SHFLL HE 75-MM. M
~II
SECTION V EFFECT DATA
Effectiveness - ------------Fragmentation - -- - - -- - --------Penetration - --11.
11
-------
Ricochet data - --------------------
-------------- - ------ ------------------
12 13 14
---
Ricochet data. The fcqowing data an ricochet of 75-mm HE Shell M48 with P) Fuzes M48A2 and
M51A4 were taken from volume TL of 'Terminal Ballistic Data". a. HOWITZER, 75-MM, MIAI, M2 and M3 TABLE 73 TANK GUNS, 75-mm, W3, M6 and M17
t
PE in Height of Bust ft
26 17 7
12 14 7
2 3 2
120 220 25
32 24 15
12 16 14
2 3 3
Range Angle of Angle of Impact Height Fall Recovery to Burst of Burst
Charge 1 VV700 fps
yd
mils
mls
1,030 3,(o
109 242 415
155 265 315
1,000 2,000 3,000
82 178 295
Charge 2 MV 810 fps
Charge 3 MV 950 fts
1,000
58
90
40
i1
2
2,0(0
127
175
33
21
4
3,000
208
245
25
18
4
4,000
305
225
15
4
4--r,;
o15
"7 8
_______5,000
MV 1,250 fps
-
yd--
8
1,030
3
80
51
l
2
2,000 3,000
86 142
125 1 E3
42-9 35
20
3 4
4,000
206
45
284
A,000 6,000
279 363
M5 310
21 14
14
4 4
3_
ww
B.ALLIMC AND ENG1NEF
75.f4 I~
,NGDATA
-
bi TA.X GUM, 75-MM, M3, MG and MI7 TJABLE 74 TANK GUNS, 75-M-M, M3, M6 and Ml7
PE In
Height Range Angle of Angle o Impact Height Fal Recovery to Burst of Burst of Burst it ft ya s I si"l yd Reduced Charge 1,000 V 960 fps
59
90
40
l1
2
2,03W 3,000
126 206
170 245
33 25
17 18
3 4
4,000
301
295
17
16
4
1,000 2,000
26 85
45 100
62 50
8 15
2 3
3,000
115
160
41
19
4
4,W0') 5,000
1.74 240
220 2M5
33 26
22 21
5 5
8,000 7,000
313 394
300 315
19 !3
17 12
4 4
Normal Charge 1." 1,500 fps
Super Charge fps MV 1-'
2. Wee±,er0ws.
1,000
13
25
28
2
0
2,000 3,000
3 70
80 105
23 19
4 8
1 1
4,000
!l
16'
14
7
1
5,000 6,000 7,000
171 234 303
215 280 295
12 9 7
6 7 6
2 2 2
8,000
378
315
5
4
1
The follow ng data on effectiveness of HE Shell M48 with PD Fuze M54 were taktn
from olume M[ of "Tertinnal Ballstic Dta". E1MMY ARTILLERY a- N'1MBZ. O1 ROUNDS REQVULED .MlW FO 50% EFFECT POR 10,0 0 Q YD IN AREA M'JRE
HCWrrZER, 75-mr-, MIAl. M2 a nd M3. Charge 4: MV 1250 fps ydImact
L'o
68
Time
Tim. and Lmoact
50
?00
40
FOR SHELL HE 75.MM. M4
BRLH 75-I8 12-13
b. NTIOB OF ROUNDS REQUIRED AGA T ENEMr Y AR1TILERY FOR 90% PROBAW 4Y OF AT LEAST ONE EFFECTIVE UT IN AIMED FRE (1) Howitzer, 75-mm, MIA!, Y42 -mA W,. 1 CSz k 34V 1250 fps T of F:re RangType yd
impact
Time 340
43
460
1400
560
2,0024
0
f
(2)
Tim a4
Impact
Tar-k Gun, 75-ram, K,, M6 and M17.
S
ange
rcharre:
2,O00
ips f
01rire -- d-P
7
j
Time and Lmptt
Tbne
Impact
yd__
[5,000
IV
I
15
340 790
12
180
15. FragmentUIon. a. Sand pit test.
The sand pit and panel tests of HE Shell M48 with DD Fuze M39 were reported
in Ba2.stz.c Research Laboratory Repoit No. 126, "Fragmentation of te ?5-rmm HE Shel T3 as dete.mined by pane e eto.hhe c!ghtlf tn P, -"ze 39 is 2.35 lb and Its cumn"tur is slightly difanI and pit frag-Lentatten teto" -he we we ferent from that of the PD ruze M48A2. (t: Four r r jectlles were plazed 4n boxes and det.nated in me sand pL Tne fragmen s tere then separated frf-r *.e sand with a I-and screen made of 0.03-inch wire with 4 Mnshes per inch. Firally, they were V cped az.zrding to sizt by being sifted Lt--.r fv'.r screens with the fo i wIng average dimensions: Screen No.
I 2 3
Meshes per
Diof wire,
Size of Side,
ilmh 2
nch .16
.. ch .84
I .71
2 3
I4 .10
.36 .2
.13 .053
.08
.17
.o
4
pentzg Ar ea,
(2; The average weirht of the sheU1 a.d fize, withj the 7NlZ, was 13.29 lb. Tnhe -cU/tiw table shows the a
_er2e.nunber and weight of Uhe fragmento mn each group:
41
~pjR
[ ~
ALUMtIC AtD &%G-M
Fragments caught by follavrin screens: o 4 e. rounds)
Noof FragMexhts
No. No. No. No.
8 272 285A 142
S creen Screen Screen Screen
1 2 3 4
-
%fttaWehto Fragmnents lb______
No. of rme
DATA
of empty Shell and Fuze 15.4 63.6 12. 9 2.?
1.043 8.449 1.713 0,384
0.8 34.9 32.? 18.2
N
b. Pal test. (1) Four panels were madIe ef spruce boards with a cominal thickness of 1 inch. Pane. A was smicrcularwith a ra'ius of 15 feet, and 9 feet high: it was pla'ced cn the Left M1de of the 'lrne -- f~re, a-nd the shiell was detonated at the center of the are, abc--t midway between -.he top and 1-ottorn .- th. kiiel. -For the same rounds. panel B was planed on the right side of the lisae of fire, with the same cen*er: it was '
seiLclr
ito-rdusof3
et
n 9 feet ag-
PPnlI
a radus cf 7
a siiiclr
eel-,
was placed opposte pane' ;, in such a rxitlor as to =-Liudt:fte rairs of 120 feet, and was 12 feet high: 4.t1
(2) BU. Report 126 de-fines certain terms as follnws; A ?arforatqng famt completely thru the panel. A R~eral ao, go all the way thru. A uwit solid aieIs
is one LWa goes at A-Past
s one thst trave~z
:1:86 inch 1into th paus-, bLjt &,6es
1/100 of the solid an~gle subtnded by a urn: cofsphr-,q surface
at nit radius. Polar angles are measured with reb-pe-ct to a horizontal cocrdiLa-e svsteu. w-.t its 3zrt;.n pae.es. A is ASSU-Med at the center of the panels, at an elevatIon midway between the top arrh bottom of #211e the ;' e.. that the center of gravity of the projectile coincides with the origin of coordiates, tmat t-he Exis -&' is~ horizontal, Wnd that the polar axis Ales a-long the extension af the she.. a=s In tine oe-nof
(3) 7he resalts of the zrrnei test are shown by n-e followig ramentatlon isrnsitv-7
42
Air_-_
tnzo no.Ie. rear &ngle
FOR SHELL HE 75.MM. W~e
BRLH~ 75.1-48
_7 F.
F-14
4
4
_
__
_
__
___T_
W-i
~
S_
__
4T:L i
aa~a
J
-4 Th
tl
o4
i
4
w
a
j±-Do
-~
>
__
_
__
_
__
_
Z:aa.
kc
_
~
S2i
l
:j±~
ch'-
7
f~4
4
4
-i--
at-
--
-
4
-.-.-..
4..-
43
4r
*...Jos
W
5--8BAWLS7IC
ANDV LNGMEER!?C DATA
i7hJ t
_
-t Ai
r'4r-'
P-- -
i-'
4
t
I__
0
44.
r
-
-
ifIf _
_-_
-.- 1-.
Aj1 !-IIi A.
1 Z
fl X
&
0
--
'0A
-t-4
rr19&
~
A
,
-
rA
II;a
-u
c -'
7
--
CC
-d
-4-c--
rJ.----
Ile..
TV
TI=---
t
4t
AIM
AND ENGINEERING DATA
7-146BALLISTC
13 N 44
fl
AI
t*1
IfI ox
>
At
(a
88
FOR SHEL
.
75M
BR4H7513
444
-MNG DATA
BALLL51X AND
BRUi M 148
4-44r- i, j-T-!-
0
---------------------
HH11-I
T:
I J
IA-
--
t
-7 j > j
0 40
Irs
IT
X ----
04 11774"
At
a ----------
--
4
0
M+ i-,LL
----
, tit
ME m
uwff sa ID
J
48
--
I
I i-
4
4. W
BRIMN 75.148 13
FOR SHW.. NE 75.ML M46
c. CanUles. All the following data on fragmentation of HE SheU M48 with PD and TSQ Fuzes were taken from volume III of
Terminal Ballistic Data7 and TM 9-1907, "Ballistic Data, .erformance o Anmu-
nttion". The inittial fragment velocity of this shell 'is 3,120 fps. TABLE 38 CASUALTIES Distance from burst (t) r
Ttal number, of effective fragments N
Average number of effective fragmemts per sq ft B
23
I070
0.213
0.014
2080
30
920
0.0809
0,018
1820
40
750
0.0375
0.024
1570
80
640
0.0141
0.037
1270
80
510
0.0064
0.051
1080
1C0
450
0.0036
0.063
972
150
370
0.0013
0.090
813
200
320
0.0006
0.116
716
300
250
400
200
0.0002 0.0001
0.173 0.244
587 494
49
For the lightest effective fragment Weight Velocity (oz) (fpS) m v
naui L1
BIAJ251M~ AND £
754148
[
~
1
~~4ELL
4EERUN4Q
I''
DENSITY REQUIRED INAREA FIRE
EXpECTED CASuALTIESt 50% OF PERSONNEL SUPERQUIGK GROUND BURSTS -NO M~ELDING TANK GUNS,75-MM, M3,M6 AND M17 WIDTH OF FRINGE AROUNDTARGET AREA BE INCLUDED INFIRE AREA: 37FT
4
-TO
I
~~
~
1
11111
~
~
.t
0
.
I11
I
.
L
4iT. V.
___
~
I
I
R4
'pip
W..
____ial
1200i40
11 -
fi
ll5
I
ATA
FOR 5.HE[L
HE, 75.M1
WiliI 75.-4
M43
'3
AIR
T
Mt EQUIRED INARA REI SHELL DENST EXPECTED CASUALTIESt 50OF PERSOM*EL
.BURSTS AT OPTIMUM MEAN HEIGHT
{
HOWITZ RS, 75-MMMIAI, MEAND M3
+ 1-t-.+ -j.4*4* ~WIDTH 0.9FRINGE
CMMAGE
TIIim
71
.
4
4
I:;I
I Iw
'*
.
TBE INLUDED IN FIRE AIREA3L Ptl MAN HE[Gff Of BURST + to".~
it
t~
125
I
-
HIELDI G MUM*LET
-
14,K
- -1*
1)
100
-
3000
1."~
000
11
il
41-L
H
'1
,T
4000
4
0
~1LH
ALW51C AND ENGINEERINC DATA
74.4~
CASUALTiES TANK GUNS
r
INCLINATION Vt HEIGHT OF BURST O FT REMAINING VELOCITY 0 FPS
IW
30
1 AT LEASTI HIT PERVOSQFT PE 4STIT
iNCLINATION 30* HEIGHT OF BURS"' 0 FT REMAINING VELOCITY 800 FPS
FOP, SMLL H-F 75-MM. MBRU
75-146 13
CASUALTIES TANK GUNS O"
FIR
INCLINATION 30* HEIGHT OF BURST 30PT REMA*IING VELOCITY SOO FPS
LIKE OF
.
AT U
IT
AT LEAS'IRT M,10 50FT V0
,' LEASTIMT"
LNATiIONH 300 MU' HEGH'T OF SURST 60 FT REMAINING VE-LOCITY 800 FPS
1601
B R
Z7$-48 A.O ENGDEMNG DATA
15
TABLE W MIPFORATION OF 1/8 IN. L..IIEM STEEL
Dstance Totalgm2.r from ,burst of effeive Mfl fralmea
Average number of effect.We fragmerits Me sq ft
For the lightest effc t ive fragment Weight Velocity (OZ) (fps)
r 20
N S34
B 0.106
m 0.049
v 2390
30
442
0.0391
0.065
2180
40
3w
0.01
0.082
2010
so 80
300 242
0.08 0.M
0.127 0.18-5
1790 !.M3
1-0 .30
197 132
0.0018 0.GOO
0.253 1-.375
1430 1270
160
w4
0.0003
0 .500
1160
190
57
0.0001
0.6.55
0.0001
0.820
1080 1.00
M3S
54-
!
RL
FOR -qtLIT-5.M %M
SHELL DENSITY REQUIRED) IN AREA FIRE.
tmq-UIED PEPOAm-
F r- INCHi MILD STEEL'
-~
4:iE
50% OF ELDOMNT
2 SO FT INAREA. W SHELDNG SUPERQUICK GROUND BUR~STS N TANK GUNS ~:-~i--:~ WIDTH OF FRINGE AROUND TARGET AREAL4 +HiF+TOU INOLUDED IN FIRE AREAs 20 FT. f
I1
7*tTTT T Md.,
%
t
Ii f -1
Ii
SUERC MG
M 190 P
t-1i 44I
II
M1-
i+L
RALISTIC AMD E4CUMI*i?
£SRIH 75.1-43 13
PERFORATIONS OF 103-IN.MILD STEEL TAN2~K GUNS
INCUNATf ON ' NEIGHT OF F'JRST OFT REMAINING VELOCIY 0 FPS
II
O AVLWIWT
PR 4SQ FT x . rLfA3hTl M PE0I0
INCLINATMN 304 H~EIGHT OF BURST 0 FT REMAINING VELOCITY 800 FPS
DATA
Emit 73-t-0
FOP, SMa1U. HL. ?rbrM M4S
18 N. MtiLD SEL PERFORAliON OFV TANK GUNS
A
INCLINATION 3O0' t47I(3HT OF BURST 30FTll REMAI~NING VELDCIY S00 FnS
SAT LEAST! HIT pER z5SQ F
4
BALUMTI
RWH 75.-4 13
AND ENGINEERING DATA
%* SHELL DENSITY REQUIR0~ IN AREA FIRE.
-j
EXPECTED PERFORATION OF 1/4-INCH MILD STEEL:
1
-- 50% OF ELEMENTS 2 SQOFT IN AREA.
SUPERQUIGK GROUND BURSTS- NO SHIELDING.
-
b
-
i1
WIDTH OF FRINGE AROLURGET AREA
TO BE INCLUDED IN FIRE AREA, 13 FTL
-4-4
-a.-4
RAHC CUPARGHARG
-I_
____
A00
I
58
20
BRLH 75-14 14
FOR SHELL I-IL 75.MNL NUO 14
I.
EN-ATO
G.TOTAL NUMBER OF ROUNDS NECESSARY TO OWAN
90% POAILT OF ENOUG
TWD
BRAH1
HIS O
OCEE
ALK
P FUZE M78-
:1:
AK
THG
-44+
. .....
0
I
5000
200
iT-
-4
1450
-19
4____~~
;: 4____-
RALUM~C AND ENGINEMRNG DATA
BRLM 7-1.46 14
b OTAL NUMBER OF RtOUNDS NECESSARY TO)OBTAIN 90XPROBABLITY OF AT LL TONE PERFORATION IN
45
i
VTARGESOF.GRADE.A.CO.RE:TE (5000 PSI) ~K GUNS.
OP4FUEM8
-f
600
_RP
AGT
iEU
800
NAB 75.t.48
FOR SHELL HE 75-.Nt M48
141
I II
3I0A0
81
- --
IN
BAU4=TC AND ENGWNEGC
75.1.48
DATA
IUER~HAMD LOGS ADD PENETRATION INTO EARTH(IFANY) TOPE*7TION INOWD (USW4G APPROPRIATE SCALE$)
I)
I OLZ
FROM
RMIAL .........B TLLIT.... -
r
4
-
4i00 82 (ILOWLL VRTCL.LO
5000 AGL
-
ta
IFOR SHELL HE. 75-M?4
[
OF"~L 75.4.14
LHRG 2__
___
~ ~fl _
)4tti
_--
--
3000~~ 40050
63T
I t
Tf
Balltc Rese.rc Lab. Abreen Prvm aad Mayland9 March 1949
Balmstic Research Laboratories Handbook of Bal~ic and Engineering Data for Ammimition, N1o. 75-1-61 BALLISTIC AND ENGWIEERING DATA for Projectile, APC, 75-nim, MOWA With BD, M66AI
SectionFuze, I
11
General BALLITIC ---
--EN TIONIEEIGDT
Description ------
al
interior ball-t data
NV
E5terior baitic
v
Enictndata
2- 4 b5
i
-
data ----
Dat.
1
6G-1
8A.u.ton
GENERAL
1. Purpose. The purpose of this number of the handbook is to furnish a concie, of the Aapped ?5-m Armor-pier, lffects and marion regarding the shape., dymrics, ballistics M61A) with the Base Detonating Fuze M6e,
a tracer composition. BD contains1Ts
:"
4 torW Projectle
Wormation Is
zclhected from the drawings, reports., firing tables, an:d technical manuals pertaining w thi ammnmidonm
BALLISTIC AND F-DT
BRF7316
04
FOR PROJECTILE. APr- 75-MM. M61AI
2.4
Dimensions Physical characteristics
- -...............
-.
2. Draming. Projectile: Metal parts assembly and detils
Fuze: Assembly Details
U7-2-291
73-2-178 73-2-179 ad 180
3. Dimensions,
-re: Length (outside)
0.43 cal
Band: DIstance from base
0.25 Cal
Width ody: Cylindrical ler4th Cgival length (outside) Radius of ogival arc Cap: Length (outside)
Padius of oival arc
0.,(
1
1.96 zal 0.15 cal 1.29 cal 0.41 cal
7.11 mal
Windshield: 'Length Radius of ogival - -".11
1.95 ca. cl
Length: Ogive Projetile without fuze Projectile and '>ize
2.52 cal 4.48ca 4.90 cal
4. Physical characteristics. Weight (standard) Base of projectile to center of gravity Axial moment of inertia
Transverse moment of inertia 'Estimated
~S
14.90 lb 1.426 cal 2 * 15.80 lb.,n 2 ,
105.7 ib.ln
from the values ior the 3-inch APC Projeztile M82.
BALUSC AND ENCANMERM
W .U 1-61
5.6
DATA
SECTION Mn LrNERIOR BALLISTIC DATA Theoretical yaw in bore -.- . . . . .-. .-. .-. .-..- . .-. .-. .-.
.-. .-
5
5. TlhoreUc~ yaw In bore.
Minimum
11 min
Maximum
16 min SECTION IV
EXT ZIOR BALLIqMC DATA Paragraph Aerodynamic data -
a. Dr&
6
....-..--.-----------------
....-.....
Firixg table data - --------
--
--
- - - - ---
- - - --
---
7
A form fctor CC 0.985 relative to the G 6 drag function was determined by resistance
firings at velocites of 1643 a.xl 2007 fps. The correspocding ballistic coefficient is 1.735. At a velocity of 2030 fps, the drag coeffIcient is 0,146. b. Stahlity. T7he moment coefficient, estimated from known data for the 3-inch AP
Pr.ojectiLe
is i.346 at a mu.le velocity of 230 fps. The estimated stability factor is 2.66 for a twist of riflng of 1/M..588 (in Tank Guns W.A, M8 and M17) and 3.60 for a twtst of rifling of 1/22 (in Aircraft Guns M5A1 and M10). value was calculated hoefficen. The pwing rceant coe~ficient is 4.2. This c. Yawing moment b7 an empirical formula determined by the valizes given in Table XrV ! Billisti.c Research Laboratcry 'Report No. 357, "Danipinr of Calibers .30 arnd . 0 Bullets and 37-mm liE Shell". d Croim wind force coefficlent.
The cross wind force co_fient is 0.256, This is the value
calculated for the 3-inch 15-lb HE Shell M1915, using the drift fcr a range of 9000 yards in FT 3-M-2 ad the velocities taken from the compu ted Lrajectory for an elevation of 10° and a muzzle velo-lty d 2600 fps. The 3-inch Shell M1915 ad the 75'mm Projectile M61A2 are approximately the same shape,
4
I
4
FOR PROJECTILE APC, 75.M. MYIAI
6RLH 75.1-61 6-7
/
e. Magma moment coefticlent. The Meg= moment coefficient, calculated by an empirical formula that applies to a l-ge
umiber of projectiles, Ls - 0.30.
7. Firing table daa. FT 75-AY-l. Guns, 75-mm, M3 (mounted in Medium Tank M4 and modifications, Including the Assamlt rank M4A2E2) M6 and M17 (mouated in Light Tank M24). 7IRLMt of rifling: 1/25.586. MV: 2D30 fps. OCM items 16119 and 161e7 recommended and approved sandardIzation. r.the AP Projectile M61. 0CM items 15640 and 16741 recommended and approved authorzation for its use in the 75-mm Tank Gus W, Vhich is now obsolete. OCM item 17699 changed its designation from Armor-piercing to Armor-piercing Capped Projectile. NOTE: OCM items 20756 and 2D91 recommended and approved authorization for the use of the APC Projectile M01 i the 75-mm Aircraft Gun 114, which is rifled with a twist of 1/25.586 and Is mw obsolete, and IF ?5AC-AX-2 gives firing table data for this materieL The .A-C Projectile M61A1 s now standard ammunition for the 75-mm Aircraft Guns M5.A1 and MI0,which are rifled with a twWt of 1/22, but no firing tables have beer prepared for this combInation of guns and ammunitonm
3.
L
H
I
I !IA
"I -fitC'EN U~ if~IO
1UR44
[
II
I
i
f
4__ i'~-LV~O~I$+
3.6~ELVA 00
4-1±-~
400
600
m
il
FOR PRO)WJ'LE. APC 754A
ORL4 75.1-61
NM MIA!
7
-ELEVATION -RANGE AND
400
~ANGLE
-
OrALL-RAGE CUR'WSt41
4
.-I~ A
L
4
I
ER
::~7
20 0 0
I
-
i-
AN
iAAGE
___.
*
I It.
+ RANGE -YARDS
I..
_
.
.
-
2500
20
20F
300
400500
T00
00 W-
,MIUMEJNG DATA
BALLISIC AND
7' ,-6t
lD,.U
7
eEFLF-OTION EFFECTS OF DRIF T AND)OMPH LATERAL WIND
• .. ... .. .. ..
. .. .. . ..
. -i...
-
-2,* iWIND ., . .. ..
(3__
. "
t-., t '- :-. .. -- .'--.
. .! I W
..: . .D
_
---
I.
--
. .,
.I
.
--
-
_-
__
__
____'-___|
I2T....
. ...
-
YARDS NLEFSRA2GE:: 47
l oot,_
.
' "2:c00
. ....
...
I 0 00
i--
. .
4040 4
''4,.. . .. 0.40
4V -40.
4 4
"
'
-
T..
L
.
,
.
i
," .
".".
4
4'
44.
1000
.7O---.-----
•
.
"" "'"4.:'
.,.
-
.,"~, .'
..
'44
.
. .
..
.
--....
f .COMPLEMENTAIRY ANGLE OF $ITE
.4 i "-... [:w ..
'
-"
2w 0
_
. . .7 . ....
o
.
.
....
.
,6.00
" "*1
..
"
.
.4
'00:.
-4.
4_4, _
1,
-- .
, .:
'+'+-+++' o
0 0
2000
.
.
.
. . -:
- . .
.
.
RANGE -YARDS
,...;
,00C
300
5000)
.
.
:-
. 600 0
.. 7000
8 I i
-
S3RLH 75.1-ot 7
PROJECnLL- APC. 75.Mbt M6IAt
-FOR
g.RANGE EFFECTS OF
~444~J
SI FPS INCREASE IN MUZZLE VELOCITY (2OFPS IS SANDARD) 1F INCREASE 1444
I
1%
INRES
MP
INAIR TEMPERATURE 1590F IS STANDARD)
(
RER WND
MP
INARDNIT
AN
ISSTANARD
S
tj
TNAD
E10Tli +-~~-
.iq.~~~RA
1,14
__M
S
-
5A~
WIND1
~I~p~
'
-r7
r
BALIJSTIC AND EMJNF.RING DATA
BRLH 75.1.61
SECTION V
EPFECT DATA Paragraph .............----
Penetration ........-
-
---------------
8
8. Penetration. a. Ballistic limits. Number in Average
Plate Thickness inches
Obliquity
Face Hardened
3 3 3.5
20 30 20
Navy
1658 1807 1884
41 3 2
2 2 3.125 3.0625
20 30 20 20
Army
1487 1699 1734 1738
1 8 28
2.5 3
20
Army
1744 1594
1 1
3 3
0 20
Navy
1797 1925
6 26
Homogeneous
deg
10
I
Ballistic Limit fps Type
Type
BRL
FOR PROJECTILE. APC 75-M I M6IAI
b. Vulnerability of German tanks.
75.1.1
a
The following data on vulnerability of German tanks (Panzer-
kampfwagen) to APC Projectile M61Al, fired from Tank Guns M3, M6 and M17 at a muzzle velocity of 2030 fps, were taken from TM 9-1907, "Ballistic Data, Performance of Ammunition". MAXIMUM VULNERABLE RANGE - YARDS
'rank
'
.
Angle
°
VI
IV
M
0
250
0
250
Q0
Turret Sides
3860
4700
3860
4700
1000
Turret Front Up p e r Hull F r on t L o w e r H ul l F r o n t
2250 1 400 7 20
1120
1280
....
----
- -- -
2500 14 70 120 0
Flank Turret Rear
5000
4500
4700
3760
1000
----
Turret Sides Turret Front Upper Hull Sides Lower Hull Sides
3860 2250 5000+ 5000+
4700 1120 4960 4960
3860 2500 5000+ 5000+
4700 1280 4960 4960
1000 .... 1000 20
---.... ---1200
4700
3760
1000
----
4700 1280
1000
----
Attack
#
0
- -- -
25
.. ..
. .. - - - - . ..
Turret Rear Turret Sides
3860
4700
3860
Turret Front
2250
1120
2500
Upper Hull Rear
2110
1040
5000+ 4960
300
Lower Hull Rear
2500
1280
6000+ 4960
0_0
W00 4500
.... . .
-
4"
l-J
-
11'
061-
----
FOR PROJECTIL£, APC 75.M
M6IAI
75-1-61 8
86
b. Vulne rbiity of German tanks.
The followbig data on vulnerability of German tanks (Pazer-
kampfwagen) to APC Projectile M61A1, fired from Tank Guns M3, M6 and M17 at a muzzle velocity of 2030 fps, were taken from TM 9-1907, "Ballistic Data, Performance of Ammunition". MAXIMUM VULNERABLE RANGE - YARDS
r
'rank
IV
00
VI
5
Attack I Angle
00
25
00
Turret Sides
3860
4700
3860
4700
1000
Turret Front Upper Hull Front
2.50
1120
2500
1280
....
....
1400 720
----
1470 1200
----
1000 1000 ....
------.... ----
Lower Hull Front
----
----
Flank Turret Rear Turret Sides Turret Front Upper Hull Sides
5000 4500 4700 3860 1120 2250 5000+ 4960
4700 3760 3860 4700 1280 2500 5000+ 4960
Lower Hull Sides
5000+ 4960
500+
4960
1000 2200
Turret Rear
5000
4500
4700
3790
1000
Turret Sides
3860
4700
3860
4700
1000
Turret Front
2250
1120
2500
1280
....
...
Upper Hull Rear
2110
1040
5000+ 4960
300
---
Lower Hull Rear
2500
1280
5000+ 4960
300
----
1200
----
r
BALLISTIC AND ENGINEM~NG DATA
BRIM 75.1-61
H
_4~
Ezt I cPENETRATIVES ~NAVY CRITERION
-
I
4±i
II
FROM VOL.M1 OFT TERMINAL BALLISTIC CAW~
Li
1.
tA
1..
-4
=7_=
t d.
1FNIEC 44 ANJ
_
f4
F
j
T _L4
000
MRJ 7S461
FOR PROJETLE. APC~ 7 -MM. WAI
TFACE
T
HARDENED ARMOR PLAE NAVYERITERIO
t,:
7jt
ALLfST FROM VOL.1 OF "TALLISTLC
t
i~
;
iT_
'ii~
ELOIi4i# ~ 0~ ~ ~0
20~0 ~~~~~A
20
I0 40
13T
_______
4-
________4-4+144_
.L.. I.
20
~UJI
54.61BALUSTIC
AND ENGINEEWiNG DATA
WTML NUMBER OF ROM NECESSARY TO OBTAIN 90% PROBABILITY OF AT LEAST ONE PERFORAIONr IN TARGETS OF GRADE A CONCRETE (5000 PSI). TANKU"S M3* M6 AND M17.
TH~~NESSFEIHT WDIH200
-
£~TONS
GRAPH -YARDS *1'F11111.T VAT
A
0
15T3
-- -- a 545 7
20000,,.I
K
sRLH 75.1-61
FOR PROJECTLE. APC 75.MM. M61AI
- LTOTAL *
T&AIN NUMBER OF ROUNS NECESSARY 90% PROBABILITY OF ENOUGH HI1M TO MAKE A BREACH 12FT WIDE INA CONCRETE WALL 10 FT HIGH4. TANK GUNS M5, M6 AM MI. MIV 2030 FPS
IIfill-~
1L10
BRUi 75-1-~66
Lab. Baflistic Research Proving Ground, Aberdeen Ardend. March 1949
Ballistic Research Laboratories Handbook of Ballistic and Engineering Data for Ammunition, No. 75--669 DATA BALLISTIC AND ENGINEERING for Shell, HEAT, 75-nam, M06 With Fuzes, BD, M62A1 and M91 Paragraph
Section I
1
General - -----------
1i II
Description ----.-----Interior ballistic data -- ----
2 - 4 5 - 6
IV
Exterior ballistic data
7 - 8
V
Effect data ----------SECTUMt
----
9 I
GENER.AI, Paragraph Purpose .......-
..............-......-----------------
1
1. Purpose. The purpose of this number of the handbook is to furnish a concise collection of information regarding the shape, dynamics, ballistics and effects of the 75.mm High Explosive Antitank She'l M66 wLth trie base Detonating Fuzes M62A1 and M91. This information is collected from the drawings, reports, and firing tables pertaining to this ammunition.
IEI
~~~jjj~~~~~4
;sjuB~ITI
N
2w
4-f-I--
~1
KAi
NJEr
IGDT
FOR SHELL HEAT. 75.M
BPJ.H 75.1.66 2.3
M6
SEC
ON 11
DESCRPTION
Drawings ....................-.......---------------Dimensions ...................-.....----------------Physic-l characteristics .............--...------
2 3 4
----------
2. Drawings. Shell: Metal parts, assembly and details Ogive assembly, cone and details Fuze, BD, M62Al: Assembly
75-2-314 75-2-315 73-2-168
Details
73-2-169, 170 and 171
Fuze, BD, M91: Assembly Details
73-2-239 73-2-169, 170 and 240
3. Dimensions. Fuze, Be, M91: Length (outside)
0.28 cal
Boattail: Angle
9-M0'
Lengt1h
0.48 cal
Band: Distance from boattal Distance from base
0.27 c 0.75 cal
Body: Length of cylindrical part Length of ogival part Radius of arc
2.11 Cal 0.51 cal 7.45 cal
Union: Length
0.17 cal
Ogive: Length Angle
1.77 cal 22o201
Width
Length: Body Ogive and union Shell Ogive, union, and oeival part of body Shell and Fuze M91
Note: Fuze, BD, M62AI is entirely inside of shell body.
0.16 Cal
3.10 1.94 5.04 2.45 5.32
cal cal cal cal cal
BALL STIC AND ENGINEERING DATA
BRUi 7 -. 66 4.6
4. Physical charactexsties. BD M62A1
Fuze
BD M9i
13.37 lb 13.17 lb 1.656 cal 2 16.75 2b.in, 157.3 Ib.in6
Weight (standard) Base to center of gravity Axial moment of Inertia Transverse moment of Inertia SECTION M
INTERIOR BALLISTIC DATA Paragraph Stresses .......-...... Theoretical yaw in bore .....---
.....-..------------------...-.--.-----------------
-
5 6
5. Stresse3. Tne following table and the graphical representation on page 5 show the longitudinal, radial and tangential stress at each of. three sections: (A) the rear corner of the band seat, (B) the frcnt of the band seat, and (C) immediately behind the bourrelet.
Howitzer, 75-ram
MIAI, M2, M3
Twist of rilmng Cross-sectional area of bore Rated maximum pressure Total weight of projectile Muzzle velocity Density of fifler (pentolite)
1/20 7.004 sq in. 26.000 psi 13.37 lb 1000 fps 0.0574 lb cer cu In.
Resultant Stressi psi
Section B
A
Longitudinal
- 162
- 358
Radial Tangential
+ 364
-
-
+ denotes tension.
-
-210
+
3
denotes compression.
6. Theoretical yzw In bore. 9 min 13 min
Minimum Maximum
_
_
4
5
+ 171
+ 292
643
C
_
)
FOR SHELL HEAT. 75-MM
W
BRI4 75.1-66
c
AS
SECTIONS -643
A
a
c
+364
-162
-M352
~AXES
i/
OF RESULTANT
i-rn
STRESS
tL
DIAGRAM OF RESULTANT STRESSES
1
I1-9
+
BRLH 75.-I-6 7-8
BAUJSTIC ANO
SECTIO
_Jt2,RWC DATA
V
ECTEXIOR BALUSTI
DATA
ParagrSaph Aerodynamic data . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Firing table data .............
-
7 8
7. Aerodynamic data. a. Drag. The form factor relative to ProjectiLe Type 2, determined by resistance ftrings, arid the corresponding ballistic coefficient and drag coefficient are given below. Velocity fps 77. 1000
Form Factor .75 .96
Ballistic Coefficient
Drag Coeftcient
2.01 1..5-
.050 .070
b. Stability. The stability factor was determined from firings n a 75-mm Gun with a tw.s- 3f rifnlng of 1/25.586 at a muzzle velocity of 1000 fps. The resulting stabtity factor is 1.22, and ' e r-ment coefficient is 226. With a t-Ast of rifling - 1/20 (in tir.e Howitzers MIA!, M2 and M3' at he same ,e.,tt-, the stabilit7 factor would be 2.00. 8. Firin table data. FT 75-1-4. Howitzers. 75-mm, MIAI, M2 and W. Twist of rfling: 1/20. Muzzle velocity: IC1C fps. Pr..ect:.e weight: 13.10 lb. OCM items 17638 and 17752 recemmended and app rved
dtatc .- - .
:tre .A
.e...
M66.
-1he terminal velocity was taken from Ballistic Research Laboroaory Memorandum
~eIrt : . g.
•fables of Impact Velocitiks for Mobile Artillery Weapons".
:= = .r -, .-. ':-J= ---j,r--' t'v-. ,-, -':-.: : .:.i*" ~
FFOR
SHELL HEAT, 75.hN,"~
BR6675.1-
BL1
if
1
-
*-
0
IOFrMN
-RNG
COR
~-
I
_1
-44
ITI ,96
t C,
1C
AND ENINEERING(.
BRL'BALUSIIC
A4-
TT1
b.ELEVATION- RANGE CURE7
14
44
14
~
~
i
MV 101AI 00 FPRS4;n
T-1ljjj'f 160-.
DATA
.~.
500
-4;4
Q00 500
2000
f8 7'
2500~0t
I
FOR SHELL HEAT. 75.MK M66
BRLH- 73 -1-66
4 OFRfAE FLW
RANGE SCURVE
I tI - -9 -- --
IL -41
13ALLIC AND EN4CINEEFINc DATA
SECION V EFFECT DATA
PeneL-ation-----
---------------------
9. Penetration. The average penetration of homogeneous armor pl~ate by 75-mm HEAT Shell M6 is 3 inches.
HUtI 75A.309
Ballistic Research Laboratories Handbook of Ballistic and Engineering Data for Ammunition, No. 75-1-309
Ballistic Research Lab. Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland. 6 March 1949
BALLISTIC AND ENGINEERNG DATA for Shell, HE, 75-mx,
M309
with Fuze, PD, M48A2 or M51A4
Section___._ I
General --.------------
I II
Description - --------Interior ballistic data ----.--
2- 4 5
TV
Exterior ballistic data
6 -?
V
Effect data --------------
8
1
SECTION I GENERAL
Purpose -- -------
---
----
---
---
----
---
----
-
1
1. Purpose. The purpose of this number of the handbook is to furnish a concise collection of infornatior regarding the shape, dynamics, ballistics and effects of the 7-rm High Explosive Shell M309 with the !-int Detonating Fuze M48A2 or M51A4. This information is collected from the drawings, reports, and firing tables pertaining to this ammunition.
@I
RLH 75.1-309 2
BA~LLSTC AND ENCJNEE1RING DATA
£f0
CY w
-)
'IiI
I
_
_
_
to
rto
FOR SHELL HE 75-MM M309
BRLH 75-1.309 2.4
SECTION 11 DESCRIPTIO
Paragraph D raw ings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . -----------------------------Dimensions --.---------------........--...-----Physical characteristics .....-
2 3 4
2. Drawings. Shell: Metal parts assembly and details Booster M21A4: Assembly
75-2-365 73-2-154
Fuze M48A2: Assembly Details
73-2-140 73-2-143 etc. 73-2-145
Fuze M51A4: Assembly
73-2-143 etc.
Details 3. Dimensions. Boattail: Angle
9o00
Length Band: Distance from boattail Distance from base
0.325 cal 0.43 cal 0.775 cal 0.115 cal
Cylindrical body, Length
127 cal
ogive: Length
1.19 cal
Width
Radius of arc
7.45 cal
Fuze: Length (outside)
1.265 cal
Length: Shell Shell and fuze
3.785 cal 5.05 cal
Ogive and fuze 4. Physical characteristlIcs.
2.455 cal The HE Shell M309 is a modification of the HE Shell M48.
Mean weight: Zone 1 Zone 2 (standard) Zone 3
14.10 lb 14.40 lb 14.70 lb
IALUSTIC AND ENGINERING DATA
.7
SECTION
M
INTERIOR BALLISTIC DATA Paragraph Theoretical yaw In bore -
-
--
5
------------------
5. Theoretical yaw in bore. 5.4 min 10.2 min
Mnimum Maximum
SECTION IV EXTERIOR BALLISTIC DATA Aerodynamic za- - ............-..... Firing table da a- ....-..........--...-...----------------
---------....-..-------
Paragraph 6 7
6. Ar'ttodynimle data. Drag function
G
Form factor (from time of flight)
1.08
Ballistic coefficient
1.53
Muzzle velocity
1000 fps
Drag coefficient, KD
0.077
7. Firing table data. FT 75-BB-1. Rile, 75-nim, M20 (Recoilless). Twist of rifling: 1/22. velocity: 990 fps. OCM items 2790
Projectile weight: 14.40 lb. Mu: .le
and 28547 recommenied and approved standardizaton of the 75-mm
Rifle M20 and the HE Shell M309 with the PD Fuze M5IA4. The fi.r'ng tables are alb. applicatle t. the HE Shell M309 with the PD Fuze M48 and modifications of it.
4
FOR
.1TFTTT
HEL
HE
75-K
"-,,r
I
g FO FATORF:--44
--
1.05
h3D9BRUi
4.-4
ELEVATION CURVE (PROJ.TYPE ).
75. 1-309
BflH
BALLIS'TlC AND LNCJNEEJNIC DATA
754.-3W
140
low
if
BRL.H 75-009
FOR SHELL. HE. 75-KK M309
d TERMINAL VELWTY - RANCE A --- TIME OF FLIC4iT RANGE CURVES
4I I f
.4-
4-1
-4
OF FUGHT
50
-4looo
40
+
+ -4 4
TERMINAL VELOCITY 900
30
4-
4
800
20
4> 4-
I
cr-w
700
;Z74+
T-1
4-
-4 LL
R0ZE600 0
1000
2000
3000
X
RD 4000
+
5000
6000
7000
BALUTMl
BRLH- 75.1.309
4
CURVE
k4!'T-RANGE
4-
AND ENU.NERdNG DATA
-4.
2i4
At--t~I
jV~j
-_ X
Ioi-!-I4+H-
I
I-?-
T77-7_______________
_44-........'.
o2000
GE'~URNGEYAR
____+
0050 600 8-
700
BRLM 75-1.309
FOR SHELL HE. 75.M M A309
ELEATON EMAL
1
ANGOMLE OF STE
-4-
If EL -----
ION
ANGE OFClOMLEMETA9
T.
BALUSTC AOD ENGINMEIUNG DATA
BRLJi 75-1.309
7w
~
~ 44 4+47At
42
~
-----.-
I
I.
i
1-,
*
___--7~-
'A
o_________
EFETO
-RANG
4.
I
400
"t
YARDS:
WIH
FP
'O
FMi 5)WELI
BRuM 7->.L"?
HE M5W W309
L)jRANGE EFFECT OF I FPS lNCREASE fN MUZZLE VELDGITY
S .
.
,
~
1.*
-uj---
Jf
-4
4~11~
00
,*
t-.-
-
4
-
i~~E IN AIR I i IMG
PRTR
YARDS .
1RAGE -lO ow
-
3000
4000 J-t
5000
6s00
70o I
DRLH 75-1-309
BALLISTIC AND ENGINEERING DATA 7N
n-)i v-P R1>~i -H+ )RANGE EFFECT OF IMPH REARWIND
r
+ t.fl
I
t
-14i1i
5
RANGE -YARDS 1000
2000
3000
5000
IitIt IIII
U) ~
~
60
EFFECT OF 1%INCREASE INAIR DENSITY
-rRAIGE
01
4000
1LLLJ4~LWtTL~
T-12
tI1r
FOR SHELL. HE. 75.MtA M309
BRLH 75.1.309
a
SECTION V EFFECT DATA -- Paragraph Fragmentation -.-..-..-....-..-..-......- .8 8. Fragmentation, Thie fragmentation of the Pr Shell M309 should be approximately the =ame as that of the HE Shell M48*, of which it is a modification. For data on fragmentation of the M48 Shell, see
BRL2 75-1-48.
13
HR.I4 75-1-310 !
Ballistic Reseaecn Lab. Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland. 8 March 1949
BallistIc Research Laboratories Handbook of Ballistic and Englneerbig Data or Ammunition, No. 75-1-310 BALL1 T1C AND EN4GINEERING DATA for Shell, HEAT, 75-am, M310
with Fuze, BD, M62A1 or MI
Section I
General --- - ------------
ii
Description ------------
m IV
Interior ballistic data Exterior ballistic data
V
Effect data-- ---------
1 2-4 5
- -
-
6
-
7 8
SECTION I GENERAL
PragraE Purpose - -I------------------------------1 i. Purpose. rhe purpose of this numoer of the handbook Is to furnish a concise collection of information regarding the shape, dynamics, balhstics and effects of the 7b-mm High Explosive Antitank Shell M310 with the Base Djetonating Fuze M62A1 or M91. ports, and firing tables pertaining to this ammunition.
.~
_I
This information is collected from the drawings, re-
BRLH 75-1-310 2
BA.LUSTIC AND ENGINFEIJNG DATA
~103 Iz
I
w
wt _1
I
C
212
i I
__
_
so4
BRLH 75.1-310 2-3.
FOR SHELL. HEAT. 73-MM M310
DESCPIPTION
rawings . Dimensions
2 -............................
Physical characteristics -.- . . . . .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. .-. . ..-. .-. 2, Drawings. Shell: Metal parts assembly and details Ogive assembly, cone and details Fuze, BD, M62AI: Assembly Details Fuze, BD, M91: Assembly Details
75-2-368 75-2-315 73-2-169 73-2-169,
73-2-188 170 and 171 73-2-29 170 and 240
3. Dimensions. Fuze, BD, M91: Length (outside) Boattail: Angle
Length Band: Distance from boattail Distance from base Width Body: Length of cylindrical part
Length of ogival part Radius of arc
.19 cal 9000
0.33 cal 0.43 cal 0.7e cal 0.115 cal 2.26 cal
0.51 cal 7.45 cal
Union: Length
0.17 cal
Ogive: Length
!,'17 cal
Angle
Length: Body Ogive and union Shell Ogive, union, and ogival part of body Shell and Fuze M91 Note:
Fze, BD, M62A1 is entirely inside of shell body.
290'
3.10 cal 1.94 cal 5.04 cal 2.45 cal 5.23 cal
3
4
BALISTIC AND FNGINEERING DATA
BRLH 75..310 4 .7
N
4. Physical characteristics. The HEAT Shell M310 is a modification of the HEAT Shell M66. Its standard weight is 13.08 lb. SECTION III INTERIOR BALLISTIC DATA
Paragraph Theoretical yaw in bore -
---- ---------------
-
5
5. Theoretical yaw in bore. 5.4 min 10.3 min
Minimum Maximum
SECTION IV EXTERIOR BALLISTIC DATA EErph Aerodynamic data ......Firing table data ......-
............-.......---------------............-......----------------
6 7
)
6. Aerodynamic data. Drag function
G2
Form factor (from time of flight)
1.23
Ballistic coefficient
1.22
Muzzle velocity
1000 fps
Drag coefficient, KD
0.087
7. Firing table data. FT 75-BB-i. Rifle, 75-mm, M20 (Recoilless). Twist of rifling: 1/22. Projectile weight: 13.1 lb. Muzzle velocity: 1000 fps. OCM items 27907 and 28547 recommended and approved standardization of the 75-mm Rifle M20 and the HEAT Shell M310. a. Form factor and ballistic coefficient (Proj Type 6). The following values apply at all elevations: i6
0.84
C 6 = 1.781
44
FOR SHELL HEAT, 75-MMK M310
Bp1"-75-t-310
1 ELEVATION -RANGE AND
ANGLEOCF FALL- RANGEIIP*
1-4
IE
fjpi4
ELVAlOl~
_0
200 c
IiV
ANGAEGO-
FFiGT'
F ~ SO20
:lj-v-1--~
ii
-45
~
O30
5~
BALUISTIC AND ENCINEERNG DATA
BRL1-1 75-1-310 7
'
T TId.DEFLEOTiON EFFECSO DiT LT
j-4
''
.L
AND 10MPH LATERAL WIND
4
4--1-
ITI 0-
pL~±
4I NGEO'
-4
IDs t
IE
F4+
T-
OR
z
;:I:&:
;_41TTt ao
lilt
8 _jS
i00f0 5
0030
I 1-
BR~iH 75-1.310
FOR S.HELL HEAT. 75-MM. 14310
-I
+
£.RANGE EFFECTS OF FPS INCREASE~ IN MUZZLE VELOCITY (1000FPS IS STANDARD),*jj] 16F INCREASE IN AIR TEMPERATURE (59OF IS STANDARD), I1MPH REAR WIND (0 MPH IS STANDARD),1%INCREASE IN AIR DENSITY (100%) IS STANDARD)
tt
Ir
+H4
T7
BRL1
75.1-310
BALUSTIC AND ENC4NEERING DATA
) SECTION V EFFECT DATA Paxagraph Penetration ......-
............-
...------------------
8
S. Penetration. The a- rage penetration of homogeneous armor plate by 75-mm HEAT Shell M310 is 3 Inches.
I
-1
2