Designation: A36/A36M − 14
Standard Specification for
Carbon Structural Steel 1 This standard is issue issued d under the fixed designation designation A36/A36M; A36/A36M; the number immed immediately iately following following the designation designation indica indicates tes the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revis revision. ion. A number in parentheses parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval. This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
2. Referenc Referenced ed Documents
1. Sco Scope* pe* 1.1 This specification specification2 cover coverss carbo carbon n steel shapes, plates, and bars of str struct uctura urall qua quality lity for use in riv riveted eted,, bol bolted, ted, or welded construction of bridges and buildings, and for general structural purposes.
2.1 ASTM Standards: 3 A6/A6M Specificati A6/A6M Specification on for General Requirements for Rolled Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and Sheet Piling A27/A27M Spe Specifi cificati cation on for Stee Steell Cast Casting ings, s, Carb Carbon, on, for General Application A307 Sp Speci ecific ficati ation on fo forr Car Carbo bon n Ste Steel el Bo Bolts lts,, Stu Studs ds,, an and d Threaded Rod 60 000 PSI Tensile Strength A325 Specification A325 Specification for Structural Bolts, Steel, Heat Treated, 120/105 120/1 05 ksi Minimu Minimum m Tensile Strength A325M Spe Specific cificatio ation n for Str Struct uctura urall Bolt Bolts, s, Stee Steel, l, Hea Heatt Treated 830 MPa Minimum Tensile Strength (Metric) A500 Specification A500 Specification for Cold-Formed Welded and Seamless Carbon Steel Structural Tubing in Rounds and Shapes A501 Specifi Specification cation for Hot-F Hot-Formed ormed Welded Welded and Seamles Seamlesss Carbon Steel Struct Structural ural Tubing A502 Specification A502 Specification for Rivets, Steel, Structural A563 Specification A563 Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts A563M Specificat A563M Specification ion for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts (Metric) A668/A668M Specification A668/A668M Specification for Steel Forgings, Carbon and Alloy, for General Industrial Use A1011/A1011M Spe Specific cificatio ation n for Stee Steel, l, She Sheet et and Str Strip, ip, Hot-Ro Hot -Rolle lled, d, Car Carbon bon,, Str Struct uctura ural, l, Hig High-S h-Stre trengt ngth h Low Low-Alloy All oy,, Hig Highh-Str Stren ength gth Lo Loww-All Alloy oy wit with h Im Impr prov oved ed Formability, and Ultra-High Strength A1018/A1018M Spe Specifi cificati cation on for Ste Steel, el, She Sheet et and Str Strip, ip, Heav He avyy-Th Thic ickn knes esss Coil Co ils, s, HotHo t-Ro Roll lled ed,, Carb Ca rbon on,, Commercial, Commer cial, Drawi Drawing, ng, Struc Structural, tural, HighHigh-Streng Strength th LowAlloy All oy,, Hig Highh-Str Stren ength gth Lo Loww-All Alloy oy wit with h Im Impr prov oved ed Formability, and Ultra-High Strength F568M Specification F568M Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Externally
1.2 Supplementary requirements are provided for use where additional testing or additional restrictions are required by the purchaser. Such requirements apply only when specified in the purchase order. 1.3 Whe When n the steel is to be wel welded ded,, a weld welding ing procedu procedure re suitable for the grade of steel and intended use or service is to be uti utilize lized. d. See Appendi Appendix x X3 of Spe Specific cificatio ation n A6/A6M for information on weldability. 1.4 The values stated in either inch-poun inch-pound d units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI un units its ar aree sh show own n in br brac acke kets ts.. Th Thee va valu lues es st state ated d in eac each h system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system is to be used independently of the other, without combining values in any way. 1.5 The text of this specification contains notes notes or footnotes, footnotes, or bot both, h, tha thatt pro provid videe exp explan lanato atory ry mate materia rial. l. Suc Such h not notes es and footnotes, footn otes, excluding excluding those in tables and figures, do not contain any mandatory requirements. 1.6 For str struct uctura urall pro produc ducts ts pro produc duced ed fro from m coi coill and fur fur-nished without heat treatment or with stress relieving only, the additional additio nal requi requirement rements, s, includ including ing additio additional nal testing requirements and the reporting of additional test results, of A6/A6M of A6/A6M apply. 1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 A01 on on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.02 on A01.02 on Structural Steel for Bridges, Buildings, Rolling Stock and Ships. Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2014. Published December 2014. Originally approved in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as A36/A36M – 12. DOI: 10.1520/A0036_A0036M-14. 2 For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Applications, see related Specifications SA-36 in Section II of that Code.
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A36/A36M − 14 TABLE 1 Appurtenant Material Specifications
5. Bear Bearing ing Plates Plates 5.1 Unless otherwise otherwise specified, specified, plates used as bearing plates for bridges bridges sha shall ll be sub subject jected ed to mec mechan hanical ical tests and shall conform to the tensile requirements of Section 8.
NOTE 1—The specifier should be satisfied of the suitability of these materials for the intended application. Chemical composition or mechanical properties, or both, may be different than specified in A36/A36M. Material
ASTM Designation
Steel rivets Bolts High-strength bolts Steel nuts Cast steel Forgings (carbon steel) Hot-rolled Hot-ro lled sheets and strip
Cold-formed tubing Hot-formed tubing Anchor bolts
5.2 Unless otherwise otherwise specified, specified, mechanical mechanical tests shall not be 1 required for plates over 1 ⁄ 2 in. [40 mm] in thickness used as bearing plates in structures other than bridges, subject to the requirement that they shall contain 0.20 to 0.33 % carbon by heat analysis, that the chemical composition shall conform to the requirements of Table Table 3 in 3 in phosphorus and sulfur content, and that a sufficient discard shall be made to secure sound plates.
A502,, Grade 1 A502 A307, Grade A or F568M A307, or F568M,, Class 4.6 A325 or A325M A325 or A563 or A563M A563 or A27/A27M, Grade 65–35 [450–240] A27/A27M, A668/A668M, Class D A668/A668M, A1011/A1011M, SS Grade 36 [250] Type A1011/A1011M, 1 or Type 2 or A1018/A1018M or A1018/A1018M,, SS Grade 36 [250] A500, Grade B A500, A501 F1554, Grade 36 F1554,
6. Mate Material rialss and Manufacture Manufacture 6.1 The steel steel shall be killed 7. Chem Chemical ical Compositio Composition n
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7.1 The hea heatt ana analys lysis is sha shall ll con confor form m to the req requir uireme ements nts prescribed in Table in Table 3, 3, except as specified in 5.2 5.2..
Threaded Metric Fasteners (Metr Threaded (Metric) ic) (Withdrawn (Withdrawn 2012) F1554 Spe Specifi cificati cation on for Anchor Anchor Bol Bolts, ts, Stee Steel, l, 36, 55, and 105-ksi Yield Strength
7.2 Th 7.2 Thee st steel eel sh shal alll co conf nfor orm m on pr prod oduc uctt an analy alysis sis to th thee requirement requi rementss prescr prescribed ibed in Table Table 3, subjec subjectt to the pro produc ductt analysis tolerances in Specification A6/A6M Specification A6/A6M..
3. Appurtenant Materials 3.1 When components components of a steel structure are identified identified with this ASTM designation designation but the product form is not listed in the scope of this specification, the material shall conform to one of the standards listed in Table in Table 1 unless 1 unless otherwise specified by the purchaser.
8. Tension Test Test 8.1 The material as represented represented by the test specimen, except except as specified in 5.2 in 5.2 and and 8.2 8.2,, shall conform to the requirements as to the tensile properties prescribed in Table in Table 2. 2. 8.2 Sha Shapes pes less less than 1 in.2 [645 mm2] in cross section and bars, other than flats, less than 1 ⁄ 2 in. [12.5 mm] in thickness or diam di amet eter er ne need ed no nott be su subj bjec ecte ted d to te tens nsio ion n te test stss by th thee manufacturer, provided that the chemical composition used is appropriate for obtaining the tensile properties in Table 2. 2.
4. General Requirements Requirements for Delivery Delivery 4.1 Structural products furnished under this specifi specification cation shall con shall confor form m to the req requir uireme ements nts of the cur curren rentt edi edition tion of Specification A6/A6M, A6/A6M, for for the spe specific cific str structu uctural ral pro produc ductt ordered, unless a conflict exists in which case this specification shall preva prevail. il.
9. Keyw Keywords ords 9.1 bars; bolted construction; construction; bridges; build buildings; ings; carbon; plates; riv plates; riveted eted con constru structio ction; n; sha shapes pes;; ste steel; el; str structu uctural ral stee steel; l; welded construction
4.2 Coils are excluded from qualification qualification to this specification until they are processed into a finished structural product. Structural Structu ral prod products ucts produced from coil means struc structural tural products that have been cut to individual lengths from a coil. The processor directly controls, or is responsible for, the operations involved in the processing of a coil into a finished structural produc pro duct. t. Suc Such h ope operat ration ionss incl include ude dec decoili oiling, ng, lev levelin eling g or straigh stra ighten tening ing,, hot hot-fo -formi rming ng or col cold-f d-form orming ing (if app applica licable ble), ), cutting to length, testing, inspection, conditioning, heat treatment (if applicable), packaging, marking, loading for shipment, and certifica certification. tion.
TABLE 2 Tensile RequirementsA Plates, Shapes,B and Bars: Tensile strength, ksi [MPa] Yield point, min, ksi [MPa] Plates and Bars:D ,E Elon El onga gati tion on in 8 in in.. [2 [200 00 mm mm], ], mi min, n, % Elon El onga gati tion on in 2 in in.. [5 [50 0 mm mm], ], mi min, n, % Shapes: Elon El onga gati tion on in 8 in in.. [2 [200 00 mm mm], ], mi min, n, % Elon El onga gati tion on in 2 in in.. [5 [50 0 mm mm], ], mi min, n, % A
58 – 80 [ 40 0 –5 5 0] 36 [250]C 20 23 20 21B
See the Orient Orientation ation subsection subsection in the Tension Tension Tests Tests sectio section n of Specifi Specification cation A6/A6M. A6/A6M. B For wide flange shapes with flange thickness over 3 in. [75 mm], the 80 ksi [550 MPa] maximum tensile strength does not apply and a minimum elongation in 2 in. [50 mm] of 19 % applies. C Yield point 32 ksi [220 MPa] for plates over 8 in. [200 mm] in thickness. D Elongation not required to be determined for floor plate. E For plates wider than 24 in. [600 mm], the elongation requirement is reduced two percentage percen tage points points.. See the Elonga Elongation tion Requir Requirement ement Adjustments Adjustments subsec subsection tion under the Tension Tests section of Specification A6/A6M Specification A6/A6M..
NOTE 1—For 1—For struc structural tural products produced from coil and furnished without heat treatment or with stress relieving only, two test results are to be reported for each qualifying coil. Additional requirements regarding structural struct ural products produced from coil are descr described ibed in Specifi Specification cation A6/A6M.. A6/A6M
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The last app approve roved d vers version ion of this historica historicall sta standa ndard rd is refe referenc renced ed on www.astm.org.
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A36/A36M − 14 TABLE 3 Chemical Requirements
NOTE 1—Where “. . .” appears in this table, there is no requirement. The heat analysis for manganese shall be determined and reported as described in the heat analysis section of Specification A6/A6M Specification A6/A6M.. ShapesA
Product
Thickness, in. [mm]
Carbon, max, % M a ng an e s e, % Phosphorus, max, % Sulfur, max, % S i l i c o n, % Copper, min, % when cop per steel steel is speci specified fied
Plates > 15-in. [380 mm] WidthB
Al l
To 3 ⁄ 4 [20], incl
Over 3 ⁄ 4 to 11 ⁄ 2 [20 to 40], incl
Over 11 ⁄ 2 to 21 ⁄ 2 [40 to 65], incl
Over 21 ⁄ 2 to 4 [65 to 100], incl
0 .2 6 . .. 0 .0 4 0 .0 5 0 .4 0 m a x 0. 20
0 .2 5 .. . 0 .0 3 0 0. 03 0 0. 40 m a x 0. 20
0 .2 5 0 .8 0 – 1 . 2 0 0 .0 3 0 0 .0 3 0 0. 0 .4 0 m a x 0. 20
0 .2 6 0.80–1.20 0. 0. 03 0 0 .0 3 0 0. 15 – 0. 40 0 .2 0
0 .2 7 0.85–1.20 0. 0. 03 0 0. 03 0 0 .1 5 – 0 .4 0 0. 20
Bars; Plates
#
15-in. [380 mm] WidthB
Over 4 [100]
To 3 ⁄ 4 [20], incl
Over 3 ⁄ 4 to 11 ⁄ 2 [20 to 40], incl
Over 11 ⁄ 2 to 4 [100], incl
Over 4 [100]
0. 29 0.85–1.20 0. 0 .0 3 0 0 .0 3 0 0 .1 5 – 0 .4 0 0 .2 0
0. 26 ... 0 .0 4 0 .0 5 0. 40 m a x 0. 20
0 .2 7 0 . 6 0 – 0 .9 0 0 .0 4 0 .0 5 0 .4 0 m a x 0. 20
0 .2 8 0 .6 0 – 0 .9 0 0. 0 .0 4 0 .0 5 0 .4 0 m a x 0 .2 0
0 .2 9 0.60–0.90 0. 0 .0 4 0 .0 5 0 .4 0 m a x 0 .2 0
A
Manganese content of 0.85–1.35 % and silicon content of 0.15–0.40 % is required for shapes with flange thickness over 3 in. [75 mm]. For each reduction of 0.01 percentage point below the specified carbon maximum, an increase of 0.06 percentage point manganese above the specified maximum will be permitted, up to the maximum of 1.35 %. B
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS These requirements shall not apply unless specified in the order. Standar Stan dardiz dized ed sup supple plemen mentar tary y req requir uireme ements nts for use at the opt option ion of the pur purcha chaser ser are list listed ed in Specification A6/A6M.. Those that are considered suitable for use with this specification are listed by Specification A6/A6M title: S5. Charpy V-Notch V-Notch Impact Test. Test. S30. Char Charpy py V-Not -Notch ch Impac Impactt Test for Structural Structural Shape Shapes: s: Alternate Core Location S32. Singl Singlee Heat Bundles S32.1 S32 .1 Bun Bundles dles containi containing ng sha shapes pes or bar barss sha shall ll be fro from m a single heat of steel.
SUMMARY OF CHANGES Committ Comm ittee ee A0 A01 1 ha hass id iden entifi tified ed th thee lo loca catio tion n of se selec lected ted ch chan ange gess to th this is st stan anda dard rd sin since ce th thee la last st iss issue ue (A36/A36M – 12) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved Dec. 1, 2014.) (1) Revised Table 3 to modify phosphorus and sulfur limits for plate products greater than 15 in. [380 mm] in width. ASTM International International takes no positi position on respecting the validi validity ty of any patent rights assert asserted ed in connec connection tion with any item mentio mentioned ned in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility. This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years and if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards and should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible respon sible technical technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not receiv received ed a fair hearing you should make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below. This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above address addr ess or at 610610-832832-9585 9585 (pho (phone), ne), 610610-832832-9555 9555 (fax (fax), ), or serv service@ ice@astm astm.org .org (e-m (e-mail) ail);; or thro through ugh the ASTM webs website ite (www.astm. (www .astm.org). org). Permission Permission rights to photocopy the standa standard rd may also be secure secured d from the Copyri Copyright ght Clearance Center, Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http://www.copyright.com/
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