AS 4458—1997
. m o c . l a b o l g i a s . e r o t s o f n i / / : p t t h t a n o i s r e v l l u f e h t s s e c c A . e l p m a s e g a p 0 1 e e r f a s i s i h T
®
Australian Standard
Pressure equipment—Manufacture
This Australian Australian Standard Standard was prepared prepared by Committee Committee ME/1, Pressure Pressure Equipment. Equipment. It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 17 January 1997 and published on 5 June 1997. The following interests are represented on Committee ME/1: A.C.T. WorkCover Australasian Corrosion Association Australasian Institute of Engineering Inspection Australian Aluminium Council Australian Building Codes Board Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry Australian Institute of Energy Australian Institute of Petroleum . m o c . l a b o l g i a s . e r o t s o f n i / / : p t t h t a n o i s r e v l l u f e h t s s e c c A . e l p m a s e g a p 0 1 e e r f a s i s i h T
Australian Liquefied Petroleum Gas Association Boiler and Pressure Vessel Manufacturers Association of Australia Bureau of Steel Manufacturers of Australia Department for Industrial Affairs, S.A. Department of Labour, New Zealand Department of Training and Industrial Relations, Qld Electricity Corporation of New Zealand Electricity Supply Association of Australia Institute of Metals and Materials, Australasia Institution of Engineers, Australia Institution of Professional Engineers, New Zealand Insurance Council of Australia Metal Trades Industry Association of Australia National Association of Testing Authorities, Australia New Zealand Engineering Federation New Zealand Heavy Engineering Research New Zealand Institute of Welding New Zealand Petrochemical Users Group New Zealand Timber Industry Federation Victorian WorkCover Authority Welding Technology Institute of Australia WorkCover, N.S.W. Work Health Authority, N.T. Workplace Standards Authority, Tas. WorkSafe, W.A.
Revie w of Austra lian Stand ards. To keep abreast of progress in industry, Australian Standards are subject to periodic review and are kept up to date by the issue of amendments or new editions as necessary. It is important therefore that Standards users ensure that they are in possession of the latest edition, and any amendments thereto. Full details of all Australian Standards and related publications will be found in the Standards Australia Catalogue of Publications; this information is supplemented each month by the magazine ‘The Australian Standard’, which subscribing members receive, and which gives details of new publications, new editions and amendments, and of withdrawn Standards. Suggestions for improvements improvements to Australian Australian Standards, addressed to the head office of Standards Australia, are welcomed. Notification Notification of any inaccuracy or ambiguity found in an Australian Australian Standard should be made without delay in order that the matter may be investigated and appropriate action taken.
This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 94387.
AS 4458 —1997
. m o c . l a b o l g i a s . e r o t s o f n i / / : p t t h t a n o i s r e v l l u f e h t s s e c c A . e l p m a s e g a p 0 1 e e r f a s i s i h T
Australian Standard ® Pressure equipment — Manufacture
First published as AS 4458 — 1997. Incorporating: Amdt 1— 1—1999
PUBLISHED BY STANDARDS AUSTRALIA (STANDARDS ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA) 1 THE CRESCENT, HOMEBUSH, NSW 2140 ISBN 0 7337 1009 3
AS 4458— 1997 1997
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PREFACE This This Standa Standard rd was prepare prepared d by the Joint Joint Standar Standards ds Austral Australia/S ia/Stand tandard ardss New Zealand Zealand Committee ME/1 on Pressure Equipment. This This Stand tandar ard d is the the resu result lt of a cons consen enssus amon among g Aust Austra rali lian an and and New New Zeal Zealan and d repr repres esen entat tative ivess on the the Join Jointt Comm Committ ittee ee to prod produc ucee this this docu documen mentt as an Aust Austral ralian ian Stan Standa dard rd.. Cons Consen ensu suss mean meanss gener general al agree agreeme ment nt by all parti parties es.. Cons Consens ensus us inclu includes des an attem attempt pt to remo remove ve all objec objectio tions ns and implies implies much more more than than the the conce concept pt of a simp simple le majority, but not necessarily unanimity. It is consistent with this meaning that a member may be included in the Committee list and yet not be in full agreement with all clauses of this Standard. Standard. . m o c . l a b o l g i a s . e r o t s o f n i / / : p t t h t a n o i s r e v l l u f e h t s s e c c A . e l p m a s e g a p 0 1 e e r f a s i s i h T
This Standard is one of the ‘core’ core ’ documents which form part of the revised arrangement of the the pres presssure ure equi equipm pmen entt Stand tandar ards ds;; and and is inte intend nded ed to unif unify y and and revi revise se the the manufa manufactur cturing ing require requiremen ments ts for the pressur pressuree equipme equipment nt Standa Standards rds,, AS 1210, 1210, Pressure vessels, AS 1228, Pressure equipment — — Boiler Boi lerss and AS 4041, Pressure piping . In this way misunderstanding, cost and delay in manufacture can be reduced and safety can be improv improved. ed. It is intende intended d to avoid avoid unneces unnecessar sary y duplica duplicatio tion n and promote promote greater greater confidence in reciprocal acceptance of qualified procedures. This This Stan Standa dard rd is base based d larg largel ely y on AS 1210 1210,, with with due due allo allowa wanc ncee for for prac practi tice cess or requirements of AS 1228 and AS 4041. Requ Requir irem emen ents ts have have been been form formul ulat ated ed with with a view view to maxi maximu mum m comp compat atib ibil ilit ity y with with recognized International Standards. Statements referred in mandatory terms in notes to tables and figures are deemed to be requirements of this Standard. The terms terms ‘normative’ normative ’ and ‘informative’ informative ’ have have been been used used in this this Stand Standar ard d to defin definee the the application of the appendix to which they apply. A ‘normative’ normative ’ append appendix ix is an integra integrall part part of a Stan Standa dard rd,, wher wherea eass an ‘informative’ informative ’ appen appendi dix x is only only for for info inform rmati ation on and guidance.
Copyright © Copyright
STANDARDS STANDARDS AUSTRALIA AUSTRALIA
Users of Standards are reminded that copyright subsists in all Standards Australia publications and software. Except where the Copyright Act allows and except where provided for below no publications or software produced by Standards Australia may be reprodu reproduced ced,, stored stored in a retrie retrieval val system system in any form or transm transmitt itted ed by any means means withou withoutt prior prior permis permissio sion n in writin writing g from from Standards Australia. Permission may be conditional on an appropriate royalty payment. Requests for permission and information on commercial software royalties should be directed to the head office of Standards Australia. Standa Standards rds Australi Australiaa will will permit permit up to 10 percen percentt of the technica technicall conten contentt pages pages of a Standa Standard rd to be copied copied for use exclusivel exclusively y in-house in-house by purchasers purchasers of the Standard without payment of a royalty royalty or advice to Standards Australia. Australia. Standards Australia will also permit the inclusion of its copyright material in computer software programs for no royalty payment provided such programs are used exclusively in-house by the creators of the programs. Care should be taken to ensure that material used is from the current edition of the Standard and that it is updated whenever the Standard Standard is amended amended or revised. revised. The number and date of the Standard Standard should should therefore therefore be clearly clearly identified. identified. The use of material in print form or in computer software programs to be used commercially, with or without payment, or in commercial commercial contracts contracts is subject to the payment of a royalty. royalty. This policy may be varied by Standards Standards Australia Australia at any time.
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CONTENTS Page
SECTION SECTION 1 SCOPE SCOPE AND GENERAL GENERAL 1 . 1 S C OP E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 APPLICAT IO ION . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 1.3 REFE REFERE RENC NCED ED DOCU OCUMEN MENTS 1.4 DE FI FINITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . .
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SECT SECTIO ION N 2 MATE MATERI RIAL AL GRO GROUP UPIN ING G . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
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SECTION SECTION 3 DRAWINGS DRAWINGS AND PRODUC PRODUCT T QUALITY 3.1 3.1 CONS CONSTR TRU UCTIO CTION N DRA DRAWI WIN NGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2 3.2 COMP COMPET ETEN ENCE CE OF OF MANU MANUFA FACT CTUR URER ER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3 3.3 MANU MANUFA FACT CTUR URE E AND AND WORK WORKMA MANS NSHI HIP P ........................ 3.4 3.4 QUALI UALITY TY ASSU ASSURA RAN NCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5 3.5 INDE INDEPE PEND NDEN ENT T INSP INSPEC ECTI TION ON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 . 6 R E P OR T S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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SECTION SECTION 4 MATERIAL MATERIAL IDENTIFICA IDENTIFICATION TION 4.1 GE NE NERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2 4.2 TYPE TYPES S OF OF IDEN IDENTI TIFI FICA CATI TION ON OF MAT MATER ERIA IALS LS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3 4.3 MATE MATERI RIAL AL NOT NOT FUL FULLY LY IDEN IDENTI TIFI FIED ED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.4 4.4 IDEN IDENTI TIFI FICA CATI TION ON AND AND MAR MARKI KING NG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5 4.5 DEFEC EFECTS TS IN MATE MATERI RIA ALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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SECTION SECTION 5 MATERIAL MATERIAL CUTTING CUTTING 5.1 GE NE NERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2 5.2 THER THERM MAL CUTT CUTTIN ING G . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . . . . .. 5.3 5.3 MECH MECHAN ANIC ICAL AL CUTT CUTTIN ING G AND AND EDGE EDGE PREP PREPAR ARAT ATIO ION N . . .. 5.4 5.4 EDG EDGE EXA EXAMI MIN NATIO ATION N . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. 5.5 5.5 EDG EDGE FIN FINIS ISH H . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . .. .
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SECTION SECTION 6 FORMING FORMING OF PRESSURE PRESSURE EQUIPMENT EQUIPMENT COMPONENTS COMPONENTS 6.1 GE NE NERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.2 6.2 HOT HOT FORM FORMIN ING G OF OF PRES PRESSU SURE RE EQU EQUIP IPME MENT NT COMP COMPON ONEN ENTS TS . . . . . . . . 6.3 COLD FORMING FORMING OF PRESSU PRESSURE RE EQUIPM EQUIPMENT ENT COMPO COMPONENTS NENTS FROM PLAT PLATES ES AND AND SECT SECTIO IONS NS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.4 6.4 COLD COLD FOR FORMI MING NG OF PIPE PIPES S AND AND TUBE TUBES S . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . . . . .. 6.5 6.5 INDU INDUCT CTIO ION N BEN BENDI DING NG OF PIPE PIPES S . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . . . . .. 6.6 6.6 REPA REPAIR IR OF OF SURF SURFAC ACE E IMPE IMPERF RFECT ECTIO IONS NS AFT AFTER ER FOR FORMI MING NG . . . . . . . . .
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SECTION SECTION 7 DIMENSIONA DIMENSIONAL L TOLERANCES ON FORMED COMPONEN COMPONENTS TS AND PRESSURE EQUIPMENT 7.1 GE NE NERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 7.2 TOLERA TOLERANCE NCES S ON SHELL SHELL AND AND ENDS ENDS OF PRESS PRESSURE URE VESS VESSELS ELS AND AND BOI BOILE LERS RS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 7.3 GENERA GENERAL L DIMENS DIMENSION IONAL AL TOLERA TOLERANCE NCES S ON HEAT HEAT EXCHAN EXCHANGER GERS S . . 38
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DIMENSION DIMENSIONAL AL BEND BENDIN ING G .... DIMENS DIMENSION IONAL AL BEND BENDIN ING G ....
TOLERA TOLERANCES NCES FOR BOILER TUBES AFTER ...................... ..................... TOLERA TOLERANCE NCES S FOR PIPE PIPE AND AND TUBE TUBE AFTER AFTER ...................... .....................
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SECTION SECTION 8 WELDED CONSTRUCTI CONSTRUCTION ON— —ASSEMBLY OF JOINTS PRIOR TO WELDING 8.1 GE NE NERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 8.2 8.2 ASSE ASSEMB MBLY LY OF OF PAR PARTS TS FOR FOR WELD WELDIN ING G . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 8.3 8.3 WELD WELDED ED JOIN JOINTS TS— —BOIL BOILER ERS S AND AND PRES PRESSU SURE RE VESS VESSELS ELS . . . . . . . . . . . 42 8.4 8.4 WELD WELDED ED JOIN JOINTS TS— — PI P I NG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 5 . m o c . l a b o l g i a s . e r o t s o f n i / / : p t t h t a n o i s r e v l l u f e h t s s e c c A . e l p m a s e g a p 0 1 e e r f a s i s i h T
SECTION SECTION 9 WELDING WELDING QUALIFICATIONS QUALIFICATIONS,, CONSUMABL CONSUMABLES ES AND EQUIPMENT EQUIPMENT 9.1 GE NE NERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2 9.2 WELD WELDIN ING G PROC PROCED EDUR URE E QUAL QUALIF IFIC ICAT ATIO ION N ...................... 9.3 9.3 WELD WELDER ER QUALI UALIF FICAT ICATIO ION N . . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . 9.4 9.4 RECO RECORD RD OF WEL WELD DERS ERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.5 9.5 WELD WELDIN ING G CONS CONSUM UMAB ABLE LES S AND AND EQUI EQUIPM PMEN ENT T . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . .. .
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SECTION SECTION 10 WELDING WELDING PREHEAT PREHEAT 10. 1 GENE RA RAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.2 0.2 METH METHO OD OF OF PRE PREH HEATI EATING NG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.3 10.3 TEMP TEMPER ERAT ATUR URE E MEA MEASU SURE REME MENT NT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.4 10.4 CONT CONTIN INUI UITY TY OF OF PREH PREHEA EAT T DURI DURING NG WEL WELDI DING NG . . . . . . . . . . . 10.5 10.5 INTE INTERR RRUN UN TEMP TEMPER ERAT ATUR URES ES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.6 0.6 PREH PREHEA EAT T TEMP TEMPER ERA ATURE TURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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SECTION SECTION 11 WELDED JOINTS JOINTS 11.1 11.1 CONDIT CONDITION IONS S FOR WELDE WELDED D JOINTS JOINTS PRIOR PRIOR TO AND AND DURING DURING WELD WELDIN ING G . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. 11.2 1.2 STRI STRIK KING ING OF OF ARC ARC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.3 1.3 INTE INTERR RRU UN CLE CLEA ANIN NING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.4 1.4 SURF SURFA ACE OF OF FIN FINIS ISH HED WEL WELD D .......................... ... 11.5 1.5 PEEN PEENIN ING G OF OF WEL WELD DS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.6 11.6 REMOVA REMOVAL L OF OF TEMPOR TEMPORARY ARY ATTACH ATTACHMEN MENTS TS AND ARC STRIKE STRIKES S .. 11.7 1.7 WELD WELD REPA REPAIR IRS S . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . .. . 11.8 11.8 THER THERMA MAL L STR STRAI AIGH GHTE TENI NING NG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.9 1.9 STRU STRUCT CTU URAL RAL WELD WELDIN ING G......................... .........
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SECTION SECTION 12 NON-WELDED NON-WELDED JOINTS JOINTS 12. 1 GENE RA RAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.2 2.2 THRE THREA ADED DED JOI JOIN NTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.3 2.3 FLAN FLANG GED JOIN JOINTS TS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.4 12.4 FLAR FLARED ED,, FLAR FLARELE ELESS SS AND AND COM COMPR PRES ESSI SION ON JOIN JOINTS TS . . . . . 12.5 2.5 CAU CAULKED LKED JOIN JOINTS TS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.6 2.6 SPEC SPECIA IAL L FIT FITTI TING NGS S . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . . . . .. . .
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SECTION SECTION 13 WELD NON-DESTRUC NON-DESTRUCTIVE TIVE EXAMINATION EXAMINATION AND REPAIR 13. 1 GENE RA RAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 13.2 13.2 NONNON-DE DEST STRU RUCT CTIV IVE E EXA EXAMI MINA NATI TION ON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 13.3 13.3 REPA REPAIR IR TO TO WELD WELDS S AND AND COMP COMPON ONEN ENTS TS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 13.4 13.4 PROD PRODUC UCTI TION ON TEST TEST PLA PLATE TES S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
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SECTION SECTION 14 HEAT TREATMENT TREATMENT 14. 1 GENE RA RAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.2 4.2 TYPE TYPES S OF OF HEA HEAT T TRE TREAT ATM MENT ENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.3 PRESSURE PRESSURE EQUIPMENT EQUIPMENT REQUIRING REQUIRING POSTWELD POSTWELD HEAT TREA TREATM TMEN ENT T .......................... .................. 14.4 14.4 STAG STAGE E OF OF POS POSTW TWEL ELD D HEA HEAT T TRE TREAT ATME MENT NT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.5 14.5 THIC THICKN KNES ESS S FOR FOR POST POSTWE WELD LD HEAT HEAT TRE TREAT ATME MENT NT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.6 4.6 METH METHO ODS OF OF HEA HEATI TING NG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.7 14.7 POSTWE POSTWELD LD HEAT HEAT TREA TREATME TMENT NT PROCED PROCEDURE URE FOR FERRITI FERRITIC C STEELS STEELS 14.8 REDUCED REDUCED HOLDIN HOLDING G TEMPERA TEMPERATURES TURES FOR POSTWELD POSTWELD HEAT TREA TREATM TMEN ENT T .......................... .................. 14.9 POSTWELD POSTWELD HEAT HEAT TREATM TREATMENT ENT PROCED PROCEDURE URE FOR HIGH CHROMIUM CHROMIUM ALLO ALLOY Y STEEL STEELS S (MAT (MATER ERIA IAL L GROUP GROUPS S J AND AND L) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.10 POSTWELD POSTWELD HEAT TREATMENT TREATMENT OF AUSTENITIC AUSTENITIC AND FERRITICFERRITICAUST AUSTEN ENIT ITIC IC CHRO CHROMI MIUM UM-N -NIC ICKE KEL L STEEL STEELS S .... ... .... ... ... .... 14.11 EXEMPTIONS EXEMPTIONS TO POSTWELD POSTWELD HEAT HEAT TREATMENT TREATMENT OF ATTACH ATTACHMEN MENTS TS TO POST POSTWEL WELD D HEAT HEAT TREATE TREATED D EQUIPM EQUIPMENT ENT . . . . . 14.12 POSTWELD POSTWELD HEAT TREATMENT TREATMENT OF CLAD CLAD AND LINED EQU EQUIPM IPMENT ENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.13 14.13 POSTWE POSTWELD LD HEAT HEAT TREATM TREATMENT ENT OF DISSIM DISSIMILA ILAR R MATE MATERIA RIAL L JOINT JOINTS S 14.14 14.14 HEAT HEAT TRE TREAT ATME MENT NT OF OF ELEC ELECTR TROS OSLA LAG G WELD WELDS S ................. 14.15 14.15 HEAT HEAT TRE TREAT ATME MENT NT OF OF NONNON-FE FERR RROU OUS S META METALS LS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.1 14.16 6 HEAT HEAT TRE TREAT ATME MENT NT OF OF TEST TEST PLA PLATE TES S ....... ....... ....... .... 14.1 14.17 7 RECO RECORD RDIN ING G OF HEA HEAT T TREA TREATM TMEN ENT T ....... ....... ....... ..... 14.18 HEAT TREATMENT TREATMENT VERIFICATION VERIFICATION TESTS TESTS FOR EQUIPMENT EQUIPMENT CONS CONSTR TRUC UCTED TED IN MAT MATER ERIA IAL L GROU GROUPS PS F AND AND G . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SECTION SECTION 15 CLAD AND LINED LINED CONSTRUCTI CONSTRUCTION ON 15. 1 GENE RA RAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.2 5.2 CON CONSTRU STRUCT CTIO ION N . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . .. . 15. 3 WEL DI DING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.4 5.4 POST POSTWE WELD LD TREA TREATM TMEN ENT T . . . . .. . . . .. .
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SECTION SECTION 16 BRAZED BRAZED CONSTRUCTIO CONSTRUCTION N 16. 1 GENE RA RAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.2 6.2 MATE MATER RIAL IAL FO FOR BRA BRAZI ZING NG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.3 6.3 ASSE ASSEMB MBLY LY OF CO COMPON PONENTS ENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.4 16.4 PREP PREPAR ARAT ATIO ION N OF SUR SURFA FACE CES S FOR FOR BRAZ BRAZIN ING G................... 16.5 6.5 BRA BRAZIN ZING PRO PROCE CESS SSES ES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.6 6.6 BRA BRAZIN ZING PRO PROCE CEDU DURE RES S . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . .. .
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BRAZ BRAZIN ING G PER PERSO SONN NNEL EL . . . . . . . . SURF SURFAC ACE E OF FINI FINISH SHED ED JOI JOINT NT . . POST POST-B -BRA RAZI ZING NG OPER OPERAT ATIO IONS NS . . . REPA REPAIR IR OF OF DEF DEFEC ECTI TIVE VE BRA BRAZI ZING NG
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SECTION SECTION 17 FORGED FORGED CONSTRUCTI CONSTRUCTION ON 17. 1 GENE RA RAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.2 17.2 METH METHOD ODS S OF FOR FORMI MING NG FOR FORGE GED D ENDS ENDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.3 17.3 TOLE TOLERA RANC NCES ES ON ON PRES PRESSU SURE RE VES VESSE SEL L CYLIN CYLINDE DERS RS AND AND END ENDS S . . . . 17.4 7.4 HEA HEAT TREA TREATM TMEN ENT T . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. 17.5 17.5 NONNON-DE DEST STRU RUCT CTIV IVE E EXAM EXAMIN INAT ATIO ION N ......................... 17.6 17.6 ATTA ATTACH CHME MENT NT OF FORG FORGIN INGS GS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.7 7.7 WELD WELDIN ING G OF OF FOR FORG GED PARTS ARTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.8 17.8 REPA REPAIR IR OF OF IMPE IMPERF RFEC ECTI TION ONS S......................... ......
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SECTION SECTION 18 CAST CONSTRU CONSTRUCTION CTION 18. 1 GENE RA RAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.2 8.2 ATTA ATTAC CHMEN HMENT T . . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . .. 18.3 18.3 NONNON-DE DEST STRU RUCT CTIV IVE E EXAM EXAMIN INAT ATIO ION N ... 18.4 18.4 REPA REPAIR IR OF OF IMPE IMPERF RFEC ECTI TION ONS S.........
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SECTION SECTION 19 TUBE HOLE DRILLING DRILLING AND TUBE EXPANSIO EXPANSION N 19. 1 GENE RA RAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.2 19.2 TUBE TUBE HOLE HOLES S — DIAM DIAMET ETER ER AND AND FIN FINIS ISH H ...... ....... ....... ... 19.3 19.3 LOCATI LOCATION ON OF TUBE TUBE HOLE HOLES S IN WELDED WELDED JOIN JOINTS TS FOR FOR BOTH BOIL BOILER ERS S AND AND HEAT HEAT EXC EXCHA HANG NGER ERS S ....... ....... ....... ..... 19.4 9.4 CON CONDITI DITIO ON OF OF TU TUBES BES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.5 9.5 TUBE TUBEPL PLA ATE LIG LIGAMEN AMENT T . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . . . . .. . . 19.6 9.6 EXPA EXPAN NSION SION OF TU TUBES BES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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SECTION SECTION 20 PRESSURE PRESSURE TESTING TESTING 20. 1 GENE RA RAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 20.2 0.2 TES TEST PRE PRESS SSUR URE E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 SECTION SECTION 21 FINAL FINAL CLEANING, CLEANING, SURFACE SURFACE TREATMENT DIMENSIONAL CHECKS 21.1 21.1 CLEA CLEANI NING NG AND AND SUR SURFA FACE CE TREA TREATM TMEN ENT T . . . . . 21.2 1.2 DIM DIMENS ENSION IONAL CHEC CHECKS KS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.3 21.3 PROT PROTEC ECTI TION ON FOR FOR TRA TRANS NSPO PORT RT . . . . . . . . . . . .
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SECTION SECTION 22 NON-METALL NON-METALLIC IC PRESSURE PRESSURE EQUIPMENT EQUIPMENT 22 . 1 S C OP E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 7 22.2 22.2 GENE GENERA RAL L REQU REQUIR IREM EMEN ENTS TS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
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APPENDICES A LIST LIST OF OF REFE REFERE RENC NCED ED DOC DOCUM UMEN ENTS TS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B TYPI TYPICA CAL L FERR FERROU OUS S MATER MATERIA IAL L SPECI SPECIFI FICA CATI TION ONS S ................. C MANU MANUFA FACT CTUR URER ER’’S DAT DATA A REP REPO ORT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D DESCALING DESCALING OF AUSTENITIC AUSTENITIC AND FERRITIC-AU FERRITIC-AUSTENI STENITIC TIC Cr-N Cr-Nii STEE STEEL L VES VESSE SELS LS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E SUGG SUGGES ESTE TED D PRAC PRACTI TICE CE ON ON PEEN PEENIN ING G OF WELD WELDS S ................. F RECOMMEND RECOMMENDED ED DIMENS DIMENSIONA IONAL L TOLERANC TOLERANCES ES FOR FOR PRESSUR PRESSURE E VESSE ESSELS LS AND AND PIPIN IPING G .......................... ............ . m o c . l a b o l g i a s . e r o t s o f n i / / : p t t h t a n o i s r e v l l u f e h t s s e c c A . e l p m a s e g a p 0 1 e e r f a s i s i h T
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STANDARDS AUSTRALIA
Australian Standard Pressure equipment equipment —Manufacture S E C T I O N
1
S C O P E
A N D
G E N E R A L
This Stan Standar dard d sets sets out out requ require ireme ments nts for for the the manu manufa factu cture re of pres pressu sure re 1.1 1.1 SCOP SCOPE E This equi equipm pment ent as speci specifie fied d in the the pres pressu sure re equi equipme pment nt Stan Standa dard rdss AS 1210 1210,, AS 1228 1228 and and AS 4041 4041.. Fabrica Fabrication tion,, heat heat treatmen treatment, t, forged forged construc construction tion,, cast cast constr constructi uction on and testing testing are covered. . m o c . l a b o l g i a s . e r o t s o f n i / / : p t t h t a n o i s r e v l l u f e h t s s e c c A . e l p m a s e g a p 0 1 e e r f a s i s i h T
This Standar Standard d is intended intended for use by design designers ers,, manufac manufacture turers, rs, 1.2 1.2 APPLI APPLICAT CATION ION This fabricators, inspection bodies, inspectors and all persons concerned with the manufacture of pressure equipment. This Standard applies to pressure equipment covered by AS/NZS 1200 and AS 3920.1. The relevant requirements of AS/NZS 1200 apply to this Standard. 1.3 1.3 REFE REFEREN RENCED CED DOCUM DOCUMENT ENTS S Standard is given in Appendix A. 1.4 1.4 1.4.1 1.4.1
DEFIN DEFINIT ITION IONS S
A list list of the the docu docume ment ntss refe referr rred ed to in this this
For the purposes of this Standard, the definitions below apply.
Construc Construction tion — design, manufacture and supply. (See Figure 1.1).
FIGURE FIGURE 1.1
TERMS TERMS USED USED IN IN CONS CONSTRU TRUCTI CTION ON
person on who who desi design gnss pres pressu sure re equip equipme ment nt or is resp respon onsi sibl blee for for the the 1.4. 1.4.2 2 Design Designer er — a pers design. forming g and joining joining of pressu pressure re equipm equipment ent compon components ents which which 1.4.3 1.4.3 Fabricat Fabrication ion — the formin include includess cutting cutting,, bending bending,, rolling rolling,, pressi pressing, ng, swaging swaging,, upsetti upsetting, ng, threadi threading, ng, welding welding,, brazing, machining and any other operation on these components, but which is not part of installation. NOTE: Fabrication may be carried out in the shop or on site. COPYRIGHT
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