Oÿh` }fl~dz o`l wld }fs~`kd dgz`azäefod
4 Gkghgl~`s lgogsdzf`s v d}kfodof`lgs Gl gs~ gs~ d efobd e fobd l`s `ow}dzgh`s `ow}dzgh` s ngk } z`o z` ogs` gs` ng n g }fl ~ dn` o`l dvwnd dvwn d lgwhä~fod+ twg gs~ä jdsdn` gl kd }wkugzfydofÿl v }z`}wksfÿl ng kd }fl~wzd+ }z`nwofnd }`z kd }zgsfÿl ng dfzg o`h}zfhfn` }z`ug( lfgl~ g ng wl w l o`h}zgs`z, o`h}zgs`z, Gs~g gego~` sg o`lsfawg azdofds d wld }fs~`kd ng d}kfodofÿl j`twfkkd obd}gdw hgnfdl~g kd owdk owdk gk }z`n wo~ wo~ ` twg tw g sg twfgzg }wkugzfydz "}fl~wzd+ jdzlfy ` ~ fl~ g& gs gs d~`hf ydn` ydn` }`z } `z gk dfzg o`h}zfh o`h}zfh fn` twg dkfhgl~d jwsg gk dgzÿazde dgzÿazde `, Kd hgyokd }wkugzfydnd }dsd }`z kd ‛ j`twfk kd‘ d ~ zduæs zduæs ng wl`s }gtwgô`s `zfefof`s ogl~zdkgs "ob`z "ob`z z` z gn`ln` & ` kd~ gzdkgs "ob`z "ob`z z` } kdl`&,
Gkghgl~`s lgogsdzf`s }dzd }fl~dz o`l wld }fs~`kd dgz`( azäefod9 • wl o`h}zgs`z o`h}zgs`z 9
]dzd ~zdjdi`s n`hæs~fo`s9 o`h}zgs`z ng 4+7 OU+ o`l wl ng}ÿsf~ ng}ÿsf~ ` ng n g :7 ÿ 7= kf~ z`s, z`s, ]dzd k`s k `s ~ zdjdi` zdj di`ss ng odzz`o odzz` ogzèd9 o`h}zgs`z ng ? OU+ o`l wl ng}ÿsf~ ng}ÿsf~ ` ng n g 4== 4== kf~ z`s, z`s, • wld }fs~`kd }fs~`kd dgz`azäe fod fod }`z swoofÿl "O`l gk ng}ÿsf~` sf~wd( n` ngjdi` ngk owgz}` ngk dgzÿ( azde`&9 sg w~fkfyd }zflof}dkhgl( ~g o`l }fl~wzds kfagzds+ vd twg gs~ds dsofglngl }`z ds}fzdofÿl, • wld }fs~`kd }fs~`kd dgz`azäefo dgz`azäe fod d }`z azdugn azdugndn dn "Gk "Gk ng}ÿs ng}ÿsf~` f~` gs~ä gs~ä sf~wdn` gl odzad+ s`jzg gk owgz( }` ngk dgzÿazde`&9 sg gh}kgd }dzd }fl~wzds }gsdnds "o`h`+ }`z gigh}k`+ }fl~wzds hwzdkgs&, • wld hdlawgzd lgwhä~fod lgwhä~fod twg o`lgo~d gk dgzÿazde` o`l gk o`h}zgs`z g fl~gz}`lg
gl~zg gkk`s wl zgawkdn`z ng dfzg "kd }zgsfÿl ngjg sgz ng ? jdzgs& v wl efk~z` "}dzd gkfhf( ldz gk g k dawd+ da wd+ k`s k `s zgs~ zgs~ `s ng dogf( dogf( ~g v kds }dz~èowkds&,
D}kfodof`lgs ( ~zdjdi` ~ zdjdi` s ng odzz odzz`og `ogzèd zèd gl o`obgs+ h`~`ofokg~ds ` odzd( udlds, ( }fl~ }fl ~ wzd n g jdzo`s jdzo`s,, ( ~zdjdi` ~ zdjdi` s n`hæs n` hæs~~ fo`s9 fo`s9 }dzd }fl~dz }dzgngs+ }wgz~ds+ zdnfdn`zgs,,, ( }fl~wzd ng iwawg~gs, ( }wkugzfydofÿl ng flsgo~fofnds }dzd gk gk ~ zd~dhfgl~` n g kd hdngzd "hwgjkgs+ gs~zwo~w( zds+ g~o,&
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}fs~`kd dgz`azäefod }fs~`kg~ }`z swoofÿl
í swoof` swoof` l
efk~z` v efk~zg zgawkdn`z zæawkd~gwz
}fs~`kd dgz`azäefod }`z }fs~`kg~ í azduf~ azdu f~ ~wvdwazdugndn æ
hdlawgzd lgwhä~fod
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DOOG_@ZF@_ globwegs lgwhä~fo`s zdoo`zns zä}fn`s zd}fngs
j`twfkkd obd}gdw
jwsg }fo` ng ekwfn` dfawfkkg dawid
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hdlawgzd lgwhä~fod ~wvdw s}fzdkæ gl gs}fzdk hdsodzfkkds hdstwgs
: O`lsgi`s ng w~fkfydofÿl ^zdjdi`s n`hæs~fo`s
^zdjdi` zdj di`ss ng odzz`ogzèd
4 Zgdkfydz gk ~zdjdi` gl wl 4 Kfh}fdz kd sw}gzefofg twg sg
kwadz jfgl ugl~fkdn`, ]z`~gagz o`l }käs~fo`s k`s `jig~`s twg l` sg udvdl d }fl~dz,
ud d }fl~ dz v w~fk fydz fydz kfid kfi d }dzd }dzd gkfhfldz gk ÿrfn`+ kds fzzgaw( kdzfndngs+ g~o, V+ sf gs lgogsd( zf`+ gh}kds~gogz k`s ngego~`s ng kd sw} sw}gze gze fofg o`l o`l hdsfk hdsfkkd, kd,
_f sg ud d }fl~dz gl gk gr~g( zf`z+ }z`owzdz gkgafz wl nèd : _f gk ~ zdjdi` sg zgdkfyd gl wl wl s`kgdn` v zgdkfydz gk ~zdjdi` adzdig+ kfh} kf h}fdz fdz gk swgk` swgk` "ds}f "ds}f(( }`z kd hdôdld "}dzd "}dzd guf~ guf~ dz kd zdz gk }`ku`& }` ku`& v bwhgngogzk`, bwhgngogzk`, }zgsglofd ng flsgo~`s twg sg ]z`~gagz gk swgk` o`l }gzfÿ( }wgndl }gadz d kd }fl~ wzd&, nfo`s ` }käs~fo`s, Guf~dz twg bdvd o`z o`zzfzfgl~ gl~ gs ng dfzg dfz g gl gk z` ~ gagz o`l }käs } käs~~ fo`s ` }gz( } gz( k`odk, : ]z`~ fÿnfo`s ~`nds kds }dz~gs ngk `jig~` twg l` sg udvdl d ? Owjzfz dtwgkkds }dz~gs ngk }fl~dz, ugbèowk` twg l` sg udvdl d }fl~dz "kwlds+ edz`s+ oz`hd( _f sg ud d }fl~dz wld }wgz~d+ n`s n` s+ g~o,&, g~o,&, Kfh Kfh}f }fdz dz kd sw} sw}gze gze f( gs lgogsdzf lgogsdzf`` sdodzk dodzkdd ngk n gk ogzo`+ ogzo`+ ofg iws~` dl~gs ng }fl~dzkd ngsh`l~ ngsh`l~ dz gk }fod}`z~ }fod}`z~ g v }fl( o`l wl nfs`kugl~ nfs`kugl~ g v ~ zd}`s, zd}`s, ~dzkd gl }`sfofÿl b`zfy`l~dk, Owdln` sg udl d }fl~dz k`s ogzo`s ng kds }wgz~ds+ gs o`luglfgl~g }z`~gagz kd }dzgn ng dkzgngn`z dkz gngn`z,, Gl gk ods` ng k`s zdnfdn`zgs9 ngsh`l~dzk`s v ~d}`ldz k`s ~wj`s, Dk }fl~dz wld ugzid+ sg zgo`( hfglnd o`k`odz wld hdngzd ` wl odz~ÿl }`z ng~zäs }dzd twg zgo`id kds }z`vgoof`lgs ng }fl~wzd, Gl owdl~` d kds ugl~dlds9 }z`~gagz k`s ozfs~dkgs o`l }d}gk czde~ v ofl~d odzz`ogz`,
? ]zg}dzdofÿl ng kd }fl~wzd 4 Daf~dz kd }fl~wzd dl~gs ng
wsdzkd,
: Fh}`z~dl~g 9 Diws Diw s~ dz kd ufs uf so`(
sfndn d~glnfgln` d kds zgo`( hglndof`l hglndof`lgs gs ngk e djzfodl~ djzfodl~ g, _f kd }fl~wzd gs nghdsfdn` gs}gs gs}gsd+ d+ kd sw} sw}gze gze fofg }fl~ }f l~ dnd twgndzä zwa`sd "}fgk ng ldzdlid&, _f kd }fl~wzd gs nghdsfdn` ekwfnd+ grfs~g gk zfgsa` ng twg ob`zzgg "ngso`kadn`s& Gk o`l~z`k ng ufso`sfndn sg zgdkfyd hgnfdl~g wl ufso`sè( hg~z`9
:
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dsdz kd }fl~ wzd }`z wl e fk~ z` ? ]dsdz
}dzd gkfhfldz kds fh}wzgyds "` w~fkfydz wld hgnfd ng lvk`l&,
Ng 4? d 47 sgawln`s Ng :4 d :> sgawln`s Ng >= d >7 sgawln`s Ng ?7 d >= sgawln`s
?
>
Zgdkfydofÿl 4 O`lgo~dz kd }fs~`kd dgz`azä(
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ogzod9 kd }fl~wzd gs~ä ~zNghdsfdn` `} }zâs 9odzadnd nghdsfdn` v a`~gd kd }gfl~ wzg gs~ gs~ ~ z`} obdzaæg g~ o`wkg
:
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?
Nghdsfdn` ~z`} k`fl 9 kgi`s9 }`ku` }`wssfâzgv dodjdn` grogssfug grogsfu` g~ eflf sdjkgwr dzgl`s`
Zgawkdz kd }fs~`kd dgz`azäef( od, Djzf z kd dawid daw id ng }ds` }ds` ng }fl~wzd "gs gk zgawkdn`z sf~wdn` gl kd }dz~g }`s~g( zf`z&, Zgawkdz kd uäk( uwkd ng }ds` ng dfzg "ob`zz` zgn`ln` ` }kdl`&, _f gs lgogsd( 7 zf`+ zf` + u`kugz u`kugz d diws~ diws~ dz kd }zgsfÿl }zgsfÿl ngk dfzg, dfz g,
zgo`zzfn` dztwgdn` o`wzsg o`wzs g dztw æg 8 8 zgowjzfhfgl~`fzzæawkfgz fzzgawkdz zgo`wuzghgl~
7
O`hglydz kd d}kfod( ofÿl, Kd }fs~`kd ngjg glo`l~zdzsg d wld nfs~dlofd ng gl~zg 47 v := oh ng kd sw}gze w} gze f( ofg twg t wg ngs n gsgd gd }fl~ }fl ~ dz, dz, Hfgl~zds sg }fl~d+ hdl~glgz zgkdidnd kd hwôgod v ngs}kdydzkd gl kèlgd zgo~d,
hwôgod nghdsfdn` zèafnd
}`falg~ ~z`}
47 d := oh
47 í := oh
dztwgdn` 8 o`wzsgzgo`zzfn` zgo~fkfalg 8 zgowjzfhfgl~` zgawkdz zgo`wuzghgl~ zgo`wuzghgl~ z æawkfgz
}`falg~ s`w}kg
Z G O @ H G L N D O F @ L G _ ]D Z D K D D ] K F O D O F ß L _@JZG _@JZ G WL ]DLGK ]DLG K AZDLNG AZDLNG AZDLN ]DLLGDW
]]ZFHGZ@ ZGH FGZ
_GAWLN@ _GO@LN
y`ld ng y`lg ng zgo`wuzghgl~ zgowjzfhfgl~` sgl~fn` ngkkdzgo`zzfn` sgls ng o`wzsg nw ng } fs~` fskd~`}fs~`kd kg~
^Z^GZOGZ@ @F_FGH G
y`ld ng y`lg ng zgowjzfhfgl~` zgo`wuzghgl~
Jdzzgz o`l kd }fs~`kd kds swogsfuds sw}gzefofgs ngidln` wld y`ld ng zgowjzfhfgl~` gl~zg gkkds,
_@JZG WLD WLDB@ZFY@L^DKG _W]GZEFOFG B@ZFY@L^DK B@ZFY@L^DK _WZEDOG
sgls ng sgl~fn` ngkkd }z`azgssf`l dudlog sgl~fn` sgls ngngk kd zgo`zzfn` o`wzsg kd kg~ }fs~`kd nw }ng fs~` fs~`
Gh}gydz }`z wl gr~zgh` v dudlydz sfgh}zg bdofd gk `~z` }dzd twg kd ‛ lgjkfld‘ ng }fl~ wzd udvd udvd odvgln` dvgln` s`j `jzg zg k d sw} sw}gze gze fofg sfl sfl zgowjzf z,
ÄLAWK@_ DLAKG_
sgls ng kd o`wzsg nw } fs~` fs~` kg~
Gh}gydz }` z w ld gstwf gstwf ld v ndz w ld uwgk~d dkzgngn`z ngk `jig~`+ ud}`zf( ydln` o`l kd }fs~`kd flokfldnd+ ng ~dk e`zhd twg kd }fl~wzd owjzd gk odl~` v wld }gtwgôd y`ld ng kd }dz~g sw}gzf`z,
]FGYD_ _G]DZDND_ ]FÂOG_ DI@WZÆG_ }~djkds f t w g~ sngn gwld } dudkkd k f ssdn g
} dk f ssdnng g gwld l azgid z f k k da g jdzz`~gs
odz~ÿl odz~`l
Gk k!dlak älawk`gng owjzg Gs do`lsgidjkg o`k`odz wl ngud}`zfydofÿl ud}`zfsd~f`l ud}`zfsd~f`l kd oodzd v gkkdodl~` s`kdnwzg `wuzg edo e doggngg~wld kd j`z nwz g odz~ÿl ng }z`~goofÿl }dsdnd+ ngsgwkg djdi`,g gl w lg sdzzfjd gwkg o`wzsg o`wzs ng~zäs ng kds }fgyds,
ugz~fo ugz~f odkg ng bdw~ gl jds, jds,
> Kfh}fgyd ngk gtwf}` kfh}fdz gk gtwf}` flhgnfd~dhgl~g ngs}wæs ng w~fkfydzk`,
kfh }fgyd gyd ngk gtw f}` f} ` gs ng 7 Zgkkgldz wld owdz~d }dz~g 4 Kd kfh}f swhd fh}`z~dlofd+ }wgs adzdl~fyd sw ewlof`ldhfgl( ~` o`zzgo~` gl swogsfuds d}kf( odof`lgs,
: W~fkfydz }dzd kd kfh}fgyd wl
ngk ng}ÿsf~` o`l nfs`kugl~g v }wkugzfydzk`, Zg}g~fz kd `}gzdofÿl udzfds ugogs bds~d twg gk nfs`kugl( ~g }wkugzfydn` sdkad kfh}f`,
nfs`kugl~ nfs`kugl~ g o`h} o`h}d~f d~fjkg jkg o`l o`l k d 5 Ngsh`l~dz kd j`twfkkd ng }fl~wzd w~fkfydnd9 sdkfnd ng dfzg v kfh}fdz o`l wl }flogk ~dl~` kd j`twfkkd dawd }dzd kds ghwksf`lgs ghwksf`lgs v o`h` gk }f o` ng e kwfn` ng kd kds }fl~wzds dk dawd, }fs~ }fs~ `kd dgz`azäef dgz`az äefood, dawdzzäs gl gk ods ods` ` ng }fl~w( }fl~ w( D}kfoäln`kgs gk ob`zz` ng zds ogkwkÿsfods v sfl~æ~fods, dfzg ngk o`h}zgs`z+ sgodz ? L` swhgzafz gk gtwf}` gl jfgl kd }f s~ `kd v gk ng}ÿsf~ ng}ÿsf~ `, nfs`kugl~g }`z o`h}kg~`, > Udofdz gk ng}ÿsf~` ng }fl~wzd,
7
s`kudl~ }wkuæzfs }wk uæzfsææ iw stw! í ~`~ dkg }z`}zg~æ
