P R E S E N T A T I O N
O N SONAL
SHARMA
AAYOJAN SCHOOL OF AAY ARCHITECTURE,JAIPUR ARCHITECTURE,JAIPUR
CONTENTS S.no
TOPIC
Page No.
1.
Meaning of Art Deco & Period
1
2.
Place of Origin
2
3.
Character tics
3-6
4.
Influenc Inf luencee
7
5.
8-31
6.
Famous Buildings of Art Deco a) EMPIRE STATE BUILDING b) CHRYSLER BUILDING c)ROCKEFELLER CENTRE d) FRIEDRICHSTRASSE SKYSCRAPER e) VILLA CAVROIS f) CINCINNATI MUESUEM CENTRE Art Deco in Theatres
7.
Art Deco in Automobiles & Furniture
38-40
8.
Decline & resurgence
41
9.
Bibliography
42
32-37
ART AR T DEC DECOO- MEANING Movement Movement
that engulfed its own unique artistry artistr y as it raced through interwar culture at exhilarating speed. It was coined in
1966.
derives from from 1 st syllables of Term derives
French for decorative arts(“ art s(“ARTS ARTS DECORATIFS”). DECORATIFS”). inf luence Unique for its short life span as an exotic influence on Art Deco is Egyptian Eg yptian styling which emerged with discovery of Tutankhamun’ utankham un’ss tomb tomb in 1922 1922 but all disappeared by late 1920’s.
PERIOD Began in 1920’s,flourished internationally throughout the 1930’s,into World War II era .
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PLACE -
Began in PARIS
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CHARACTERTICS Represents
elegance, glamour, glamour, functionality functionality and modernity modernity.. Deco’’s linear symmetry was a distinct Art Deco departure from the following asymmetrical organic curves curves of its predecessor style Art Nouveau.
It was purely decorative
ornamental. ornamental. Structure of Art Deco style is based on Structure mathematical geometric shapes. shapes.
Art
Deco Deco used machine age age & streamline technology technolog y such as electric lighting and skyscraper. . ART DECO DECO 3
Themes
of Art Deco were trapezoidal, zigzagged, zagged, jumbled shapes eg :FISHER BUILDING,GURDIAN BUILDING in Detroit, United States.
GURDIAN BUILDING FISHER BUILDING
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Art
Deco Deco is characterized characterized by by use of materials such as Aluminium, Stainless Steel, Bakelite, Chrome ,and inlaid Wood. Exotic material such as Sharkskin Sharkski n and Zebra
skin were also evident. evident. Use of
stepped forms and geometric curves, curves, chevron pattern, pattern, ziggural shapes ,sunburst motif .
SUN BURST MOTIF CHEVRON PATTERN
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these motifs motifs were were ubiquitous for eg Some of these :sun burst motif were used in such varied context as women shoes, radiator grilles and clock faces.eg: AUDITORIUM AUDITORIUM OF RADIO CITY MUSIC HALL
SUN BURST MOTIF
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INFLUENCEIt embraced inf luence from many different
styles of early 20th century, including NEOCLASSICAL,CONSTRUCTIVISM,CUBIS M,MODERSINE,FUTURISM It drew
inspiration from ancient ancie nt Egyptian Egyptian &Aztec farms. Art
Deco Deco is said to have have represented represented the cultural policies of its time with eolecticism have been one of its defining features.
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FAMOUS BUI BUILDINGS LDINGS OF THIS PERIOD-
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A) EMPIRE ST STA ATE BUIL BUILDING DING B) CHRYSLER CHRYSLER BUILDING BUILDING C) ROCKEFELLER CENTRE D) FRIEDRICHSTRASSE SKYSCRAPER E) VILLA CAVROIS F) CINCINNATI MUESUEM CENTRE
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Empire state building, NY (U.S) TypeType - office building ArchitectArchitect - william f.lamba Contractors: Contractors : starret brothers
Design/construction:
It was designed from the top down.
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Excavation of site began on 21 st jan,1930. Construction on building started on 17th (st.patrick’s day) march.(st.patrick’s Project involved 3,400 workers. •
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Completion time-1year 45days.
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Total cost-$40,948,900 cost-$40,948,900 ART AR T DECO DECO
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Architecture:
Height at 102nd floor-381m including 62m high
pinnacle. Full height-443.09m Has 85 stories of commercial and office space
representing 200,500sq.m. 200,500sq.m. Indoor and outdoor observation deck on 86 th
floor. Remaining 16stories represent art
deco tower, tower,
capped by 102nd floor observatory.
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DETAILS OF PINNACLE
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A top tower is 62m pinnacle pinnacle which is covered by broadcast antennas,with lighting rod at very top. 1st building to have more than 100 floors. Has 6,500 windows and 73 elevators. Steps from street level to 102 nd floor-1860. Total floor floor are of 257,211sqm 257,211s qm Base of building is 8,094sqm Building houses 1,000 businesses.
America after the It is 2nd largest single office complex in America Pentagon. Its original 64 elevators are located in central core . .
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Building has 113km of pipe,760,000m of electrical wire:29000faucets. Building is heated by low pressure steam, despite its
height. Building approximately weighs 340,000tons. Exterior of building was built using indiana limestone
panels. The modernistic stainless steel canopies of the
entrances on 33rd and 34th streets lead to two storey high corridors around the elevator care, crossed by stainless steel and glass enclosed bridges at the second floor level. Lobby is three stories
high and features an aluminium
relief of the skyscraper.
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North corridor contains eight illuminated panels,
depicting the building as eighth wonder of the world, alongside traditional seven.
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PLAN
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SECTION ISOMETRIC VIEW ART DECO DECO
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CHRYSLER BUILDING ,Manhattan (New York) Type: Office building(car manufacturer) Type: Construction started: started: 1928 Construction completed:1930 completed:1930 Architect -William -William van alen
Total height till antenna-319.9m Roof-282.0m Top floor-274.0m
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Was the world’s tallest building for 11months 11months before it was
surpassed by empire state building. It was built at an average rate of 4 floors per wt. Its original design resembled a jewel like glass crow. It featured a base in which the showroom windows were
tripled in height and topped by 12 stories with glass-wrapped corners, creating an impression that tower floating in mid-air. Earlier building was designed to be 246m but it proved to be
too advanced and costly. In total 400,000 rivets were used .
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bricks were manually laid . Approx. 3,826,000 bricks Building had non-load bearing walls. 38m long pier was secretly constructed inside the frame of
the building. It was delivered to site in four different sections. Bottom section of spire was hoisted onto top of building’s
dome and lowered into 66th floor of the building. Added height of spire allowed Chrysler building to be the
tallest building in the world after Eiffel tower. 1st man made structure to stand taller than 305m.
World’s tallest steel-supported brick building. Distinctive ornamentation of building is based on features
that were then being used on Chrysler automobiles.
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Corners of 61st floor are graced with eagles ,replicas of
1929 Chrysler hood ornaments. On 31st floor, corner ornamentation are replicas of 1929 Chrysler radiator caps. Building is constructed of masonry, with steel frame and metal cladding. Building contains 3,862 windows on its façade and 4 banks of 8 elevators designed by Otis. It was declared a national historic landmark in 1976.
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Crown ornamentation and usage It has terraced crown,composed of seven radiating terraced arches. Stainless-steel cladding is ribbed and riveted in a radiating sunburst pattern with many triangular vaulted windows. Entire crown is clad with silvery “enduro KA -2”metal. 71st floor is the height occupied floor of this building occupied by office space management form. Above 71st floor,stories of building are designed mostly for exterior appearance,functioning mainly as landings for stairway to spire. Top stories are very narrow with low sloped ceiling,useful for only holding radio-broadcasting and other electrical eqipments. Earlier these stories were used for commercial broadcast stations. V-shaped lighting is inserted in steel of building. Later floodlights were added on most arms directed back at buiding,which allows top of building to be lit in many different colours for special occassions. •
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PLAN
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Architect:: Raymond Hood Architect Construction started: 1930 Construction completed: completed: 1933 It is a complex of
19 commercial buildings buildings ,covering ,covering 22 acres between 48 th and 51stst 51stst street. Built by Rockefeller family. Was declared a National National Historic landmark Was in 1981. bui lding project It was the largest private building ever undertaken in modern times. This center is a combination of 2 building complexes older and original origina l 14 Art Deco office building from 1930’s. ART DECO DECO
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Architect –Mies Construction started -1921
Was Was on triangular site.
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It had wire panels shaped cantilever can tilever .
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This took the structure structure with a glass skin ,thus renouncing the maniposteria song built in , as was customary in America skyscrapers . •
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The angularity of f loor of a building was at least partly a result of the original form of the site . •
It seems as if the building building is divided into into slot game because of its many reflection ref lection in bright vertical surface. •
This opacity opacity transparency transparenc y gave gave desired balance. •
At bottom bottom of the original design , there there are small drawings drawings of f lowers. lowers. •
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Type – Mansion Construction started -1929 Construction finished -1932 Architect – Robert Mallet Stevens
It was designed to offer best life style to the family daily work of house hold staff. •
Its style was a total break break from that of other neighboring houses of same era .
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Around the entry hall which which welcomes welcomes the visitors domain of parents is developing in east wing and that of kids ,in west west wing. •
A Choice Choice of material material and furniture inside echoes the hierarchy of spaces spaces . •
Simplicity and functionality of furniture prevail in all parts . •
Marble and wood are used .
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Each room has has a radio radio loud loud speaker and electric clock and bathrobe .
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The house dining hall and children dining hall linked to pare by an external staircase.
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PLAN ART AR T DECO DECO
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Type –Railway Terminal Constructed started -1931 Architect –Paul Philippe Cret
Rotunda features largest semi –dome in western western hemisphere measuring 180ft wide 106ft high. •
Mortar and stone was used .
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Construction finished ahead of schedule
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ART AR T DE DEC CO IN THEA THEATRES TRES
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EROS CINEMA ,MUMBAI Architect: Architect: Shorabji Bhedwar Construction started:1935 started:1935 Opened in:1938 in:1938 Marked
the beginning of Back Bay reclamation in early 1938. Took two and a half years to complete. Partially faced with red Agra sandstone, this building is painted cream. buil ding meet up in central Two wings of this building block. Foyer is in black and white marble with touches of gold. Marble staircases with cromium handrails lead up to the upper f loor. loor. depictin g Indian Murals are in muted colors depicting architecture.
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RAJMANDIR,JAIPUR Architect Architect : W W .M. Namjoshi Namjoshi Opened in:1976 in:1976
Meringue shaped auditorium. Capacity of
1200.
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ART DE ART DEC CO IN AUTOMO A UTOMOBILES BILES & FURNITURE-
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AUTOMO A UTOMOBILES BILES Streamline moderne m oderne style developed which was influenced by modern aerodynamic designs. •
Aerodynamic Aerodynamic principles were were adopted for Art Deco applying streamline techniques to cars . •
Streamlining influenc inf luenced ed American &European automobile design and changed changed appearance from rectangular:”horseless carriages” into sleek vehicles vehicles with sweeping sweeping lines ,symmetry-shapes which added to to speed and efficiency. efficiency. •
Vehicles had Art Deco Vehicles Deco :speed-lines” for chrome grilles. •
These streamlined forms form s began to be used for design of mundane and static objects such as pencil sharpeners ,refrigerators, gas pumps, furniture, lamps, jewellery ,watches, etc. •
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FURNITURES -
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DECLINE & RESURGENCE Art Deco Deco slowly slowly lost patronage patronage in the West after becoming mass-produced, when it began to be derided as gaudy& presenting presenti ng a false image im age of luxury luxur y. o
This designs style ended by austerities of World World War War II. o
Before Before destruction destruction during World War War II ,Manila possessed many Art Deco buildings, a legacy of American colonial past. o
A resurgence of interest in Art Deco began during 1960’s and then then again during 1980’ 198 0’ss with increasing increasing interest interest in graphic design. o
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
A World World Of History History Architecture Architecture -Marian Moffet www.g www.google.c oogle.com om
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THANK YOU
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