A rrm me an
He
Cu
A sp sp i
on
By ARSHAG ARSHAG MAHDEs MAHDEslAN lAN
iii1 iii1 H.OW H.OWI~ I~I. I.
UILD UILDIN IN ru
fi"R!;S;zo fi"R!;S;zo,'O, ,'O, f'ALlFOII f'ALlFOII
19l5
1'0
CHRISTINE Th,'u err wIll> Will!
lij., 1 1 1 1
LOI' Ot/II
COil
dir,
ptlS ptlS8i 8iou ouli li JIll,
all" ,,,, ,,,, IIf' bill All all"
"IlFli~/I.
-8m·1'IIE1'.
me
He
and Asp ra on M.um
A..Rl:iHAG
ew
rmen rmenia ia
Lend ~u.rulH!r of the 1,." 1 1 m . . fmm Ole JOII",ol U n c I J) 1'1 Ivp nil 1\ w. to Mit)' pllblif
lll> f) n>ht inl('rno.l ional "f fil"'.- II f""nn:It~> 1 1 1 > 1 (f,rl'l" hfll'ol' thi"
j.t:,
P uw uw "
1'1""1,
jr
r1it,l.>
re"l
On
1111..~
or
rh
Gf hy
tJ
"-nopnin.
wror wror i>
"ArmlllitJ, ruhnimble
Lh
In
ATUlelUUlI
Kllllt'.:I CoIII'f(C, Loralon, Cult Cultur ur alld alld .1$pi"aliu11" I\
edit edit r. at wh I)"' IM.n:l IM.n:l for TIl!' .1 oun::w.
iv lopm Ill, fbp(rolml!'"
('UIlUT,IIIIU
" .\.\ J < t
8bk( 8bk(·"1 ·"1
1'Jll.'
n', 1\It 1\It-s -s Ul oi Rowl'
ollllhl
r.()IJi
i.nu;.
EOl!=ia.od.
rl pi
"Arm~II;Il,
roncil
I! to be tm slat slat MA 1!.IlIt ng Ih
nt
Ii
lWei
irion
in
Fren Fren h.
l l J I.I. titi o l ) l < . . .
VILLAGE
"Wll "Wllat at is an oaoo oaooge gena nari rian an 1" answerthElY
be a. probably el
ea
[ournelists,
pr
clergymen,
menians, 11 of Western
e ss ss e
th first nation
arka arka
er ee
lectually to
morally
to civilization. Indo-E -Eur urooto th Indo
up ce
cu
them, or
ARM
SIA,
E"I:K
Cl1JhlJll JhlJll.E. .E. AND A\
White, Pres Presid iden en
Emer Emerii-
sador to Germ German any. y. says says re and n ob ob l c ap a p a c e s F o a ge g e s they have tl~ainunde oppr oppres essi si civilization unde A,.,rwnialUl
that: w01lld
almost
is raCI18in
any other
ne name
were
migratiotl 11.1ould'lame menian.
th
r-
Education, d e e l ar ar e s that, "in menian cLaracter geni genius us an thri thrift ft." ."
"It would be Byron,
germ germ of indu indust stry ry
diff diff cult cult," ,"
thin thinks ks
Lord
If
w h o s e virtues
have have unde underg rgon one. e.
snd w h o s e
As
wi..~
lIEB
tD'u,
CUl.T CUl.TVIl VIlf.: f.: ":-';0 ":-';0
sPIRA sPIRA ION
t,"
ti
on
ng he
mOlly
in western
th088
an
with a: rapacity
rs
intellectual moral tuilh natural tenacily
prOgT68S,
for 0.1
u r po po s will a n p ur of all thei thei neig neigl! l!bo bolm lm::-no no
ueyoml that m .r .r r o f Turk Turks, s, Tart Tartar ar /r0
race race
Russians. They with v i g o r O l J . 8 nerves
I0 only
an(l si'nC'lOB, phyrically ut
active
COllSpiCZWU8
ai
en!.>rgetic,
p ow ow e
Egypt, v o u c h e s that any
other
i g h ps ps t a r lm lm i n t8 t8 at times excrc1.8ed he du
lial'l!
tmtiue public affairs in Egypt. 8.
J~YD
them "pe ulia uliarl rl di betw adds:
fttl fttlap apt~ t~
10
II
w e r e (Ulk (Ulk'e 'ell lllt lt'h 'hot ot ch(l ch(lTa Tacl cler eris isti tir. r. di8di8ting!J.i f, th ArmMlions from other Orien-
h ou ou l
di po
most strm
quality p op op u a r pe a. grit. It i. this qtullity to whic whic the1 the1 owe tbeir prcservation peop people le an they are ot p a .ed Their intellectual capacitie. ar u pp pp o by unlike the Greeks, bu.t bu.t like like he Ge mal h e not1lre is averse p er e r f a l m e h ad ad » om ab or they
Germ German an scho schola lar, r, in bis boo entitl entitled, ed, writes:
Present, their d i a n
pa crm.tMJC-
tive and A rm rm e a n
hl wo
hi
a-
tion. 811)'5 in
u t c h a nd nd : Th impo importa rtanc nc is o f l d. ui 1:11
factor menian.
tlollbl,
is
th
itllcllectuaUy
und
Arme Armeni nian an p e o p l e mo
civiliwtion in more important
Armenien
Ar tllofl, .s generally the
AR&'!I:''''I.~. DEll CULTtJDE,
SPIL SPIL1" 1" IUSS IUSS
epe . B 'U 'U p e r io io r t o Turk.
an Ku da
According
to
firnt chieftain
9.
to
vast vast terr terril ilor or
Ha-ik. "The
Armenia
exte extend ndin in eft
an
th
l\'I l\'Ied edil il.e .e rane ranean an
Baia; Ilaiaadan,
by the lu:-
tury
d o m s of
rara rarat, t,
Minru,
ingingto th and Ashkenaz,. eb-
AII'I£"I~,
El
tlLTlIrn:, ,~SD
sl'l sl'l
IO ..
was to Armeafter
nia that
It
the adjoining contends
that
country des-
deans.
Pers Persia ia
.4rmina,-old Persian Armanirmen rmenia ia -f rs ppea ppears rs in the
and is thought
to
Ar land; Mefli: mountain,mountains. Thi etymological
with
sulphur.
to 7,000 the
Taurus an
Anti Anti-T -Tau auru ru
moun mounta tain ins, s, eulm eulmii17,000 of
gorg gorges es an
vall valley ey
inte inters rspe pers rsed ed 'i\1 'i\1th th reas reas
watered Kur,
iver ivers. s. Ther Ther
are exten-
level, with
tempera-
tnre tnre
prev prevai ai
there
high high grow grow pill pillne ne-~ -~re recs cs berry, Armenia, territorial
popl poplur urs, s, pene peneh, h, mul-
at
of
laLilude
1Q
and
to
e .m .m b c & < ' in in g l h e
Turkey,
vtZ.,
he gr ates ates
rn
:i"I15,. Trsn Trsn euue euueas asia ia uiz., Eriv Erivan an Eliz Elizab abet ethp hpol ol and til' viz., we Pe with about Azerbaijan. igra igrane ne
II
Alexander Polyhi 17 B. "affirms that. ti Arme Armeni nian an live live t, snd we p ed ed i ng s t h e powerful maritime ie P ho them, people, h o en en i a n on ue prison oner ers, s, amon amon whom whom and captured many pris Abraham. .n pubat h e m e lici writes Ph mi
Trevelyan,
Tressilinn,
and
ar
n ia ia n
neszar
e rrm m in in a t o n
ian.
torians th Armeted Nebuchad-
in
Cyru
in
flic flicts ts 8itn 8itnin inst st Troy.
reign of Tigranes direct ctio ions ns in al dire ity. Tigrano-
prowess," writes Cicero and, according .o It is bu fe
FBid:
days'
jOunlCIJ
from
tile
ou of Ga or aB Ar menia, w h a te te d u p o is h ro r o ne ne , u rr r r ou ou nd nd e d w i p o w e r tlLat wrested .Asia f ro ro m h e P a r h ia ia n , ha ar G r a n o lo lo n e s M ed e d ia ia . a m i u bd b d u e Syria a n d P a le le s n e . fina finall ll
over over-t -thr hrew ew
deference
to his tute-
to remain
OD
by
dynasty, the Ar 12
in
ce
Cili Cili ia Here Here in 108 1080, 0, Reuben Reuben founded the
ve nm
nd pe pl
B p n ta ta n u s a .n .n d
generou 'I
Ecclesia Romuna
Armenian n11rch the Christia.n in e a n B e p u ,b ,b lili ( t hi hi . i n p a r titi cu cu l a r is e m in merilR
dese dese ve
pe ia
Telne1nbranc~-lhat when
the prinf'P8 V'f.rl'
01
their U J Qtld
tile lJ 110
more
ea iO iO U 8t 8 t 1 than tlle a n m O T z ea in men, in horse, Tendered lN , n , foori, in COU1I8et; in in a r t lN 'Word.,the Ar1l1e11lu1l8, witli al thei thei strength, witll the greatest fen'our and C h r ilil l i u rl rl 8 i n these Roll! Wars. thE' th
pr mp
menian
captured
\, ited trying in vain to tablish ditJle we m, wi
an entente
COT-
the
lie
W8.
IV
t" the third "brethren." xistenee olnirns OrthodoX)·; th Ro an
licity
ni
h e A po p o :" :" t e l T ha ha d de d e us us ,
Cath Cath lici lici y;
Bartholo-
'W,
Tlhtminotor, the ro
A rm rm e nian
he Em
Constantine
king Byzan-
tium. had 14
me
m bu bu e
at.-
Ie o lo lo gy gy , W i
ma m id id d fifth en lury, rs ns a y e d , first by p r o m by en failed. The A r Pe in th
siuu siuu thre threat at can move
E1
a ng ng e
no
ir
m en e n ; tleitlier S1oord,
l0ran l0ran
. 1
ha
wh or hi In
ho
nOT
d e a d l y punishment. fait/I, we
other l O 1 ' d / tltl ta ta l l a c c ep e p t no in after this o r e a t confes8ion, thing p ow o w e r F ro ro m you, o rm rm e n ro or d o u e c m is is s o n Y01lr w or
uettBr
tLB-
IU,
your sub-
g on o n e b e o r 'US, t he h e i l iv iv e .
1 "h "h o h a we
es mo
Avarair, wn A rm rm e
Armenian
Mn
Persians;
goni n , II'The A n
Mo ic to to r y ; Angel o f " V ic IS
(I
P e s ia ia n
g en en e a l
AHIIIE!'IIIA,
ssed
tba.t he exclaimed:
again Ma
them?" The
accompanying
he
ral, reported
da
ne if
will in Armenia," A vs vs . en alway8
chos chosen en th swor sword, d, sand
Armenian
pref prefer erre red, d, otted
wh faith,
we
immolated
inst instea ead, d, to uffe uffe fien fiendi dish sh indi indign gnii-
nd vice vice tr ed
rk
Lord
Bryce
ay
Armenians massacre8,
thousand have peri perisi sile le in the recRnt 11'110 have many thOUBonds /rOV8 died as
AII.!IIE:oII\,
full
CUUUItl:,
martyrs.
\!'(O
l\Jtl'IR.'TJO~S
m e a n they have died they C
have Baved
by 01'
Am
by
w ho h o le le 3a 3a l
de
hall
an an
at
ha
ee
e x e rm rm i
ther ther shou should ld be reli religi giou ou peraecutioll in our time.
he Edwi Edwi
an Pear Pear
na
of
ur
as be nc
writes.
TI,e minded
01'611-
than ra in reie reiere rene ne to mal,ter8 01 relioion. relioion. The Uruks Roman Proteilt1lllt miasionary. Ca But tohile lo ki ly on man WilD chan changc gc-8h -8his is reli religi gion on he does does no cons consid ider er that of
Christianity, he &i
other
ting them them il le ikes ikes In or do ting ur
A rm rm e
dl:gnitaries M~ 1l
he
me
C hu hu r
simplicity. have their Churob. J. C. Stuar Stuart. t. lenn lennis is
rite rites: s:
w a s A rm r m e a n m i o nnaa r e s h e P au au l feian heretics-tD.ho 80Wed in seed80jitll R e m n a n . A n d in tllcmtile Jesui18 th 8'UCC888 c a e d n t emten(!6 R e o rm rm a t o n e n m i o na na r e « Arme a, a r r e d n t h e b ir ir th th la la n Proteatant. and c ar it
is
h e 1 '"'" e e n
o j C a h o U :1 :1 Bm Bm .
rest.sC8n
menian
Church,
be hes~
has. has. sinc sinc 309,.
wh se
Cathedral, corresponds to tJ1C Vatican {T pon tholico~, U t S up u p re re m tions to al Arme Armeni nian an dioc dioces es s. wh ther ther in Russia. Turke else here here ce.l ce.lli ling ng Turkey, y, Pers Persia ia or else lIpan deputies, one to clerical
and
after
yN!.r
deputies,
'Y
in
Arme-
ccnn-lls, ix-sevenths
by diocesan whos memb member er ar of whos
laymen,
The Arme Armeni nians ans
co nt of he merely
8.5
ctuctu-
spiritual
ut t.
n a o na na l
u re re . His d i
nd ol ab ator ator
ul
we
ho
aI thirty-
404.. Wa
!IJl
Alphabet"
po
BYTon, who in famous Armenian stud studie ie Arme Armeni nian an t. re 16~1818 and recommended as "rich Illnl!tln~"
it." till' wordM
spring vi ..
he
root Io 19
lhe Armenian, mair, r,
daughte-, dooster; thou,too,-
&s8,
83/r; door,
toor; hair, hw,~son, san; sore, eer; un-, C D l F - ; and -tiOD, --"tOUfl.
Arme Arme ia
lang langua uage ge
wWah
language, capable
not
ath era"
1 1 . ' 1 the "Gol "Golde de Ag of Arme Armeni ni Lite Litera ratu ture re." ." ur ing h i p er many dida didact ctic ic relig religio ious us e r io io d many ri ra tiona made Gr .T first h o o k rm to WaI,
f;he f;he Bibl Bible, e, 433, s o s u cc wa mp c c es e s s fu fu llll y fait.hfully I1S to "The "The Quee Quee of Vers Versio ions ns." ." Othe Othe tran transl slat atio ions ns were were as ex elle ellent nt i8 th Anabasi8 01 re ro uced uced from from th Arme Arme ia ersi ersion on TIle ebiu Chronicle! of Eu ebiu th Homilies of S t h n C 'h 'h ry ry !1 !1 : s t m ) n d w o w o r of Ph on Providence, survive o n oA cn 20
llin
LT
Al
I!.....
me of A n n e in th hist histor oriiK11onma.tzi, h e A rm rm e
nian lit rature
really th
Church.
we
not po
that
pirit
'NIn:
\i
it. a fL f L e r t h invention immigrant me
seculari-
Gu in Venice
characters and began to riJlt~
th an
de
en
om ur nation.
pc(}plc till' AnnenllUl,
AS
bOWlt
a s J 'a 'a s tlJhich
s,
mainmain-'! '! 01 pU
p r o se se . f o lk lk - lo lo r e , po ac e rn rn ne ne s o f u i l a n d o l d ea ea l ac ei m i e d p ro r o du du c
ly Annenian 11
with m a g a t
re
a dh dh e proportion
re te cy
that
ii
re
21
,\"~ ,\"~
H... H... \,
11t.1I CI LTI 1(1:, A:'
leiter« Ca7l with Ofly p e o p l e .
lmnf}uiJity
A.s1·I A.s1·IK.\ K.\TIO TIO~1: ~1:
co7nparison
challenge
of m im im i
in Pears
est.
writes: artistic
1'fl
an
rep1 rep1ltat ltatio io'M 'M in Rmsia and
80me
Prnuce.
we
TU1'key,
,b1lateuT
painting
Ar
'8 80
gen.eral
all
t .h .h e I sl sl a n
gallery
0/
by ..trnle.ni'om proval. Ruskin. H. J?
in
rnlns
An
D)'lHl.tli:;y
ators One
wh
capital o f h e B a a t 8Sit monuments,
tile G o h i
ur By
E)Jcyciop:rdia
work nian
wo
a n A nn n n en en ia ia n
8n'tonica,
1t w a
th
of Adrianopie, Mosque of uleyman in Constant.. Armenian rohl rohlto to ts th al
built
inn,
" w h i c h might
wr
Theophila
Palace-only
Venetian
-trnn
ported
to
VI ap
s ta ta n tain
W8..
expo
id
v as as io io ns ns , y e
ie main-
to to sup-
po
h e A eh eh a m e d r
Dynasty ,t
was
to t.
that statue with this this inae inaerip ripti tion on 23
Rerrt' Rerrt'na na rerum rerum
Roma, ' R f ! r J i eloquentw; the th king
eloquence.
Italy 643. 643. Herr Herr Gclzer, au authority
an
on
yzan yzan the
en
mp
WRS
lIippi cua-Bardanes cua-Bardanes founder tantine VII. VII. Porp Porphy hyro roge geni nitu tuss-ma made de Bysantinum flou flouri rish shin in cent center er ofci ofcivi vili liza zati tioD oD
invusion, strength.
Buren-By
called ll.gu .~la.. .~la.. Armenian
the
nobi nobili lity ty assi assist sted ed
Jagiello a cc cc o d in in g
Polish
which
IlS
he , th th e Grunwnldt land!"
the Without n d the O d e DO Po-
pr
in 1683 1683 besi besieg eged ed ienn ienna, a, thousand th battle 1V1l,
Persia, vietorius generals M ad ad n Me arcff,
The
in De
Gh uk
AlkaTimes writes:
The way in 11'h 11'hic ic
tm Ta
houk houkas as
the his .eig .eigll ll divdivG7mihilated Mol!am-
June 1877, 16th of June
w'
mp PCUlha'$ twelve diui.sions; resisiunc6 by :5
h e 8 tu tu b bo bo r n K11isse, he
AIIM!lNIIo,
Eb:JI
Llr IlE
AN
AePIBA AePIBA'l 'l'IO 'IONa
pp d va va n M oouu kh kh t P ru ru ha ha j he he oi ea wh he e d a ga ga i t ilil e t w e nt nt yy- th th r e e d i t J i s i 0 1 l 8 A . h me me t P ru ru l ta ta , : e m a r ka ka b B U b .e .e qu qu e n c l C l J J l l i n g C l 3 8 a u l t hill r em on B a a z d , h e d e a t o f h e TUTkifh a r m y , ac Itflch
p le l e nd nd i
f ea ea t
8.
of·Q:nlU that tkey pt"ove
grea great. t. edmin edminis istr trat ativ iv
Nuba Nuba Pa ha
ar
solrefor reformm-
ie deli delive vere re an gene genera rato to Prim inis iniste ter; r; its Prim OTIC
apostles
re rm the
rs
re eE
ting tingll ll ne
amlet; Hovs Hovsnn nn
trag trag dian dian Adam Adamia ian, n,
Aiva Aivazo zovs vski ki .2
ho
us
the mineralogist,
as
zr un
en
i\I. valu valuab able le diec dieccv cvcr crie ie he
taught
rubi rubi
tinc tincto toru rum, m,
ac
him in the epoch;
of Avig Avigno non: n:
av
.o
drypoin], n], artist artist E < lg lg n : : h a h e gl1!arest drypoi according to eminent French critics like Gustave Geho)';
prizes
wh he Be
H, Ma-
wo 'ala 'alan; n; Vitt Vittor orio io A g a n o o r former Premier
Italy of Austria-
Hungary?
T 'I'I l . \ m en en i n s h n
ei
bee
1 ( '1 '1 " "p r o m -
inent ill
wi T rC rC '8 '8 . u r y ; h e a t
Dr
H ih ih ra ra n
Kassab-
j.
Bellevue he
ny
grad grad
of
eloped
l\
o f c on o n ve ve r n g
AaMEllL\,
HEI! HEI! CUL'l' CUL'l' W-; A.o'lD ASPlIlATlO ASPlIlATlOS6 S6
unqu unques es iona ionabl bl
on of he grea grea es in AmeGarograph;
Haig Pati Patigi gian an &j Haig the rlil'tingui ihed ihed seul seulpt ptor or wh wa awar awarde de
cisco
in gr
paper
Armeni Armenian, an, accord according ing Beha Behar, r, Mana Managi ging ng Di ec or 01 the IlD
Ne si Na
vn
In .S Arme Armeni nian an I.
lure;
t.bis lLI'I~cl('.OUI al-e al-e have have beco become me dist distmg mg :IDc :IDcd. d.__-'l 'lch ch
Ca ti'd ti'd
Pu-h Pu-hrn rnun un
Chil Chil wcir wciris is n,
Mib" Mib"
n;hn n;hn
SC'nl.iliJln,
PJIDOO!
FetwdjilUl,
Terl Terler er
~inn ~inn lT
Thor,
Tokr Tokrlt ltyu yun, n, Mamoulinn, !lOci
in flin flinp; p;in inK; K; Rnro Rnroll lltu tunr nr in
Ka.rn.petoff,
Y!II'Ilzts.dKalliDjillll,
28
In
in
M. D,,,io1Jrio,n pictlllUl,
SUlg('ry.
ARM& ARM&NIA, NIA, HEll HEll CULT1 CULT1JR JRE,AND E,AND ASI'l ASI'lll llJ\T J\TlO lONS
m i s e d Willie me
he
o l o w in in g
the Turk
wo
n vo v o ca ca t o n
th
th addi additi tion on 01 to tile
omet omet." ." the
00
Turanian
hord hordes es of Central appearance ( 'h'h > i i zn zn t o n i m 'a'a r a b l Hy mi m, Ar Hugo me Gr admi admira rabl bl de crib cribes es !:his blighting influence ur 88 follows: mine pa,~se la, u t d e u iL iL . " T he h e y (the
s p c im im e
Eu o f h um u m an an i y , W h e find as
eh
ma they w e n t ,
£L!I
reached,
he
d om o m in in io io n ared ared from
h.
hearti tily ly de pise pise is hear
T h re re e h in in g Tile l(}rll~t,
IlRllg.htbut
evil WOT'.k-
by
been. the represeatsof West Wester ernc nciv ivil iliz izll llti tion on in Turkey. While the Turks by
tive tive
The A r m e n i a n traders in the Finallcial
Manc Manche hest ster er,. ,.
]I,' aWB,
Engl Englan and, d,
the future belongs th rmen rmenie iens ns." ." WAS
CODstitution, proclaimed The
which
by
in
!1
Turk Turk y. eigh eighty ty-s -s veny veny ar
ago, ago, wa an AI01
Turkish
theatres WCJ'C lliccompli~hcd by Armeniansit not,
ians, th JITsmmllr
ur
w ou ou l C '> '> t have w n a ng ng u a ge ge . ech 30
ft Mint
rm mb ider ider s, admired in
missi n a r
went to to
h e A rm r m en e n ia ia n
enmmunitlea
'l'urkisb
that:
T i f 1 U ! B (If October
IJther8 ia
exile
ac wh
ha
ee
o se se l
conneeicd with U u ~ T u r k s by its fidc.lit1h by Its services to th counlTy, by th 8tatesu n ct c t ic ic m u r e B o f ta.lent it f'urmer al nished, by th intellige.nce 1 1 1 h i c h it in a l d o m a n suifeRled s- oo o o m m er e r ce ce , i~
dl
ry
is cer-
en e, an
tain tainly ly th Arme Armeni nian an
r. P. conf confir irms ms th same withou ou ex gger ggerat atio io may sa with
31
th
not ooly
AIiMiTh"lA,
1h:a
CVLTUllIl,
A:."D
ASPIR.\TJON8
.0
01
in Tagliche Runrl8cha.u:
T h A r me me n a n trldu.stri0U6, o bbee r a n z ea e a l ou o u s , o c cu cu 1 J ie ie d p r in in c p a l l lIIith agricul. 11 de p o e s o r o f h e d yh y h e civilisotia« in Jl6'ia ud MinoT. inle inlell llig igen ence ce the. the. Arme Armeni nian an .... .... OCClIJIY the hig!uUJtposmons in Tllr1te/l. th Turkish
/actllritlf}
e01jlet-can
whom whom only only 2,38 2,380. 0.00 00 were Arme Armeni nian ans. s. Ye A rm rm e du tiona with no oast oast more wbC'rra!! lhe school ols, s, with only 17,000 pupils. than 15 scho therconomlc the Turkish 166 importers
Arme Armeni nian an ro ince ince Turks, an
which
14 ar
127 are
capilaliets, 32
rm nian nian eX'pOrtcrs, 37 Armenians
Turks;
is
20 to
nd
ea
to Armenians, ee to fordirectors of
Anne-
Kr
ww
shining, nians.
uIt,
of Smyrn.8
to
er
"that we
e. Turkis is the Turk
auth author orit itie ie
in
en
arms." As
ri no permit them Lepsiu iu writ writes es J. Leps
example
31
Armenian V6!Our.
....llMEl llMEl>IA. >IA. B.t;1I B.t;1I
ULTl1Q ULTl1QE, E,":"il ":"il
ASr'II ASr'IIIAT IAT10 10N8
Minornd un ubdu ubdu bl ," writ writ s:
un ub ue
nl J h n g men,
hou an their
Dr
Montenegrinl, elop
ug a.
eight
to dev-
maMood.
mi
no wealth and du a n practising o f r o nn- w or o r k u ! gg- fo fo r 71 there is plenty on he ou ai t/ral 1800 till 0010 they w a l l them in o n wi Tu ks in 1836 they 8:uccessfully reRi.s reRi.stc tc the Egyptian invaders; and in 1859 and 1862 tlleV repulsed t1flBtly 1 8 6 4 , by E u ro ro p ea ea n n te te rv rv en en t o n a. o r o f in 78 fort W( d, dmit a. Turkish gamson, which in 1 8 9 5 wa,
Zeittml1's in m t p a o n attack
bein bein
'fteu
by me
dist distri ribu bute te
o f a. general
ms the Turkish official! lVlum h e m a s a c in Nove Novemb mber er 1895 1895 toollid be h e
by
northern 'J
victim-s, r086 OClITIson. A f ee n waf"T $UPJl1ll h a r b ee 8U1Tendered. T h e A rm rm e a n them d~anning nd a r m ing themselves ,uilh rifle rifle whic whic they jound to in tile a l h n ulso u e ap a p 01 01 l e no no u g supply 80me of h e h bo bo u 1 la la g nd 1vere T VT VT k a rm rm y w h wa ad an a ga ga i a t them, nd which is time& 6,000 T u r k a , with great lOB.!, in till February, 1896. T h r o o g h the mediation oj th Conatantinopl6, a r a n e d in purS'llance peace w e fresh of which the liege aB a i d , a n periluam·.~o1Jplltl'l'fl 011$ m 0 7 1 1 P T 1 t w h e n , th fightimpris01If'd i 1 1 f 1 mtTl b c 1 ( n l Tllrliish soldieTS had an soug sought ht /ire th 10 me h ow ow e e r 1011171. UI th tmD1l.
to
th Arme Armeni nian an Cath Cathel elic icos os
hem thro through ugh Cili Cilici cia, a, that that if
empi empire re were were dete determ rmin ined ed to in
ing the
to
in .8!'
section
Arts, the
of
Right
combats
before Verdune,
writing
Times,
Port to
.8
American
celcrs." 36
French
ll
£B
CUI'T CUI'TUII! UII!:, :, ANIl ARI'JII TJON8 TJON8
fice?"
VllI
with with whic which, h, as Pear once once remarked aptly, Edwin Pear sine the aptu apture re of Constantinople, Mr. E. plight
grew
80
ry rise and in one deluge
in
Von trav travel eled ed
in Turkey
exte extens nsiv ivel el
and who
a.
W&
ta.nt to 8Il8W Article Berlin, signed July 13, ty ed
rmen rmenia ia
1c,
un
the Treaty of 87 that that read read
Old, Old, tt1i tt1ill llio iout ut urth urther er r1 improveme a r refonn8 d e m a n d e d by local requirements in Arme Armeni nian ans, s, an u a a n e e h e lIecurify 37
ARMSN"',
£R
AN
CuL.l1llllil,
an
en
he
he we app at on
ASI'.lB.....nOloi8
u rd rd $ wh wi
will up
eTurlcish government persecutions and encouraged
increased its the Kurds to a i R Y nian neighbors.
to 1896 more
in ber, ber, 1914 1914
to extirpat-
alen alen
'sol 'solve ve th Ar enia enia
failure Bu
Envel"
ca
anni annihi hila late te
illike like from from ealu ealumi miti ties es ha migh have prov prov migh have ed
ever ever ende endeav avor or
to 38
may be subjected to
Seve Severa ra year year Secretary merl merl
uc
or
&gO,
Com-
resi reside dent nt of uphr uphrat ates es Coll Colleg ege, e, HarHarArme-
nian
te
years,!' In th past this rema remark rkab able le po pl tent tentia iali li ie ha been been offe offere re fire. an swor sword; d; it is achievement-to th p le l e t i nd nd e p e nd n d e n ce ce . ediplom omat atic ic rela relat. t.i. i.on on ar seve severe re As dipl tates
victory Armenia. When When duri during ng a. bloo bloody dy recr recrud udes esce cenc nc
the
Ff'er
nlllltiy J9
of
At
mi
ed
ru have
Then,
also,
prominent
Europeans---
Norway;
General Professor
Leipzig;.
thirty-one Senators
Berthelot.
fm
Profes-
pu
Italy,
s e v e n Deputies
Belgium,
Universities
Italy, Scotland,
an
to
av
ro
Gront Britnin
tota 88
40
to
on
State, wrote,
re case of th el
te this
various in the
unfo unfort rtun unat at ed
Arme Armeni nian ans, s,
in any the President
it~i'l
these
thnl
which
rumor 8.l'SlLl'C
th
Armenian
the European
to
8uuj,ectsof
right-minded
wi
00
to preV4m!.
mo 1n
sinc sincer erel el
w i s h th8~ t.he r..
possumus
atti~ude of
M~
iplo iplo
ly 41
ARME!>fA,
H~
ULTIJ ULTIJIl Ill' l':, :,
AND ASl'l ASl'llL lLlT lTlO lON8 N8
signatory in Article L.."Cl.
terr terrib ible le conf confla lagr grat atio io
whic whic blaz blaz
Irom Irom th
fabr fabric ic of mode modern rn
ivil iviliz izat atio io
with destruc.
Root. has, also, ly devo devout utly ly de ired ired seve severa ra fien fiendi di litem,
Turk Turkis is
the
atro atroci citi ties es
is just
excl exclai aime med; d; do not like would
011CtDClr
Bec.
h e r A r m en e n ia ia n murders.
to wield
Government fl lian liantl tl an
li erty erty ltru ltruis isti tica call ll un heat heat ed
sword
8 l O UD U D ce ce d first
nil,
wh
right or t h o s e
mo to fo
govemmenta,
Ol
we
ho s u b m i t an
re
liberties
to all na-
tions free."
IT.
F.dward
M..
J. pledged
(0
and ck
people le "lib "liber erati ation on h e A r n en en ia ia n peop p e a c e an prog prog ess. ess. dg tencongratulations
A!l!': A!l!':O('i O('inti ntioDof oDof MarseILles, MarseILles, offr offr repl replie ied: d:
latio-ns.
do
Janq Janq lls/ lls/l, l,
fo
France,
Marshall
y o u r sine61'S cttngralud ou o u b h a u r a rm rm i w i th
triu triump mp 43
0. ri{Jht al1d j1l8-
tice, the b Br B r ba ba n· n· a pressed flat flatio ioll ll
mcnuUls, w i
e ne ne m y
< m d h a t the
amongst
e su su m e h e
the worthy ptac&.
by m a ss s s -m -m e e L in in g h el e l d in honor of Armenia:
vict01'y ua
fighting
th
mOllt
th
a C Te T e d o f them. IPill natWn.s,-on on the martyred
Bclail.tt11, on
insure
nia. Turning
to
8ay, "S ster ster will 8ay,
Thou in ac orda orda ca us t.hy t.hy fait faith! h! According to
drop drop
he
with with
till!
husin now drops
demands
ne
Arme Armeni niun un
epub epubli lic, c, 44
not blood, indeof
hich hich ha incl includ ud
arbe arbe ci
th
di trie trieta ta
S i V B S , Har-
01
and l < :a :a r s --- -R -R u s s ilil U l A r m e n i Az Pe A rm rm e
h e P ro ro v n c
TurRusaia, 1,500,000; the
y p r u s , 8,000. Tlrerefore,
The dictum m e n i a is s e v e c iv iv i a t o n
not merely
dran dran nach nach a n ·G ·G e r m an a n is is m , h e peren· ostlm o l c y o f P . an wo Again, th be
Ar smal smal natio nationa nali liti ties es ira.tioll8 b e s u b or or d in in a te te d win
umph.
i~
to th will tri-
Anna Annapo poli li Nava Nava Acad Academ emy, y, wrote: intere rest st prom prompt pt let S e l inte e.xtermina. til1{1
'th
slavery. That
is fulfilled L r u s war,
CQus CQuse, e,
enun enun iate iate
by JE chyl chylus us "Gre "Grea~ a~ Ule mighty al-
Fran France ce spea speaki king ng th Arme Armeni nian an ques questi tion on at the' Made Madele lein in Chap Chapel el in ri id fosee Europe, tI,at w e p t
th
in Arby m.enia. E~ht e n u r e s a g leaser injuatire h a ou l h a au cMWle8 w ou an vrrn vrrn in C'r1 C'r1 Urad Urade. e.Germany must stand O1Itrages
these ed Ce
01
perpetrated
the t ra ra l1 l1 e 8 , a n d it is th dtlty Jiohtiflfl ow ai he (lrant freedom tll mp
m e n a . O lh lh e n o Y e tile m rU rU J 0 / thie u n . un me and if h e w e Us oy Co an op bishop, 8tanding before h e a l a ro ro / C k r w ou o u l with
only wills, an indepe independe nde.nt .ntnat nation ion
an inde indept ptmd mden en ,h
mUJitbecome-happen
(18
iniq iniqui uity ty .. hEla ultimately
alit alitie ies. s. Pres Presid iden en ed
fort fort
in iola iolabl bl
should have
granttWllson takes it (o gran
ecur ecurit it
that hencelife life of rs ip development the power
to
sized
Gust Gustav av
Amer Americ ica' a'
Berv Berv
in is La Victoire.
Way, Way,
Th an "Tonrod,
r ea e a k h e o pp p p re re s o r
tl-OW
mf
tho» oppre88edj
loose
Ar
th
captive's
canst oo he hi pai the
West,
To
Li
at
48
ar
G od od !
IN A R M E N I A
CHRISTMAS
21
88 Ja
.'fY .'fY 20
r;. '-:f
in prophecy
Iair Iairer er worl worlds ds to be. bold, of old,
Whl're
le whit whit alta alta
Upli Uplift ft thei thei
fires
oul' oul' desi desire re
Th Over Over th chap chapel elsw swel ells ls Mounting to heav heaven en's 's beig beight ht Pier Pierci cing ng th
voic voicel eles es nigh night, t,
mangle le Ollt. wh re th mang
49
cree creep, p,
W h i$ i$ "p "p e
A rm rm en en i a '
p rn rn :y :y e
rc
fi .o
Stan Standi ding ng li Only th Blighted
dreams;
ghostly
cafl caflc8 c8
tree tree
for centur centuries ies
Watch through
';0
palls;
People E.
By ('l'hl~
Nnll
repmlle.-I from
(J[
.1 nil! Il;a,
be
'1 1 " J lO lO l O u m b Armenia. 1 '1 pm
1CpOun
devoted
dge, dge, en
nl
to the CS
filii n ltlt ht ht eo eo l . titi D. D. C l :f:f t.t. -A -A .
HUlICH
tJl!' October,
1906,
PIed
(D
G o or o r j:j: ( E . Ohureh,
l"li l"li l.he l.he high
II
l't'!'lpcilt
as he
science.
of bUlDILnily. triumph
of
and
1 1 . " 1 il'l'
atesmnn than
tired from that that
os tion tion
.o oftOD-
er
same
\I.,
po
whether
CI
itiz
r,
conre
University, of
ennobled his D a m e expres es to expr
upon
any
wi commanded
Le ua inte interr rrog ogat at en
this
me
ws
races
"It phy8 phy8io ioRn Rn~" ~" mora morall ll were asked to races to
Amer ca the very
hims himsel el
intellectually.
p o pu p u la la t o n
w o u l d name a m o n g tro.velJing
first,
world, pr me mi man
bu
tion to nirsI s c h o o l s
th
fine fine
in exis exis ence ence
in th
52
tech tech er Russ Russia ia
thei thei
ivil iviliz izat atio io
gain gain t. ppre ppre io
ic
people."
nI be
proud.
Lauda.l.i
laudato. To be
Go-
Indo Indo-G -G rm ni It
national
in fami family ly
custom
oppr oppres essi sion on an
nati naticn cn
8.
persecutioD 53
HE
\RMEl'>lA,
CUl,Tt CUl,TtrR rRC, C,
A..VOAII A..VOAIIPl PllI lIA1' A1'10N 1 0N
It no w o n d e r , for there no porearth' beautiful, mo capable
DO
hearts,
j'
th
wa With prop prop ·rty ·rty
an
e nc nc ou o u ra r a ge ge m eenn t
with
indust st ry tural indu
with
tinct, love home bettering their eonrlition, they w o since in wh it
pat-
il"'
fo
travel rends n n s o d l tocked tocked pasture.
covered
grain, ships
the sea, w h
indu
tr
were were enco encour urag aged ed
Ar-
wh sought
54
adll.ptedBnd
ng
quickly Americanmeri merica ca citi citize zens ns they have an read readil ily. y. Their rrugality them have b ee most them w e U ee om om e w e a h y themse selv lves es to-do. esta.blished Io them an habi habita ta
ch ub ara sent to schoole,and, though handicapped by the oece oecess ssit ityo yo lear learni ning ng II. fore foreig ig tong tongue ue their remarkable. pr wh wiU10Ut rese reserv rvat atio ion, n, that that then ei
entirely to sion sion reac reache he mast mast desi desirn rnbl bl
by to
(From
ID
Dece Decemb mber er 'l
ITH
to
co
35.) 35.)
ex
e-
lates to au e, is paraph phra rase sed, d, in thes thes colu column mns, s, writer had para llin's llin's versio versio it. to mar de, cha.rmingly his CYTO'lJmdia, to himCYTOself
pr.ecii(J
Ancient History
ible it is appo apposi site te to ill' ac es ible foll follow ow Xenop Xenopho hon' n'
ax lues lues
it upon 56
ld has heard
''Yes, Cyrus,"
"But
tribute
procee ee is belter to proc him
agai agains ns
him
they
to
hands."
deemreascnable,
to
my comp compan anio ions ns." ."
An
so
sa
O ya ya . S7
s r s , H yo yo u w e r
force
WIlS
picious."
sus
ru
possib ible le to "i is poss will cred credit ited ed bot. bot.
to
to visit border." Therefore C ya ya : a r s a
flees in behalf axares with is forces ffllltry
it
tile ASSyrillD o nc nc e p ro ro ce c e ed ed e
di
Wh cavalry
to
Cy~
on
favo favour urab able le fo proceedin.g again! again!
AII~IESt.\,
Rim
'VLTt:RE, Tt:RE,
SD t\
it.
l'lIlNIJO'
yrus,
ur un ruccessful."
G o d . will
rr once once proc procee eede de to
ob-
comrades, please
at
WhE'D
in
marching
lowing day again. W h e n
•u
be day, Cyrw:;
Armen Armenia ia
captaina, ent lorward king king wi instruction 88
59
as
to speak to Cyru
larm larmed ed
most most to
hat
detected in
e-
to render it
re
sist sistan ance ce He coll collec ecte te
is
at hi youn younge ge
mountains
SOD,
mo COUU;
arrived quite
with biro, bu with
courage retreated. in
to
to train.
himself
bill.
hill with
yrus 60
the
ARlIUJNlA,
Chrysanta
HE
Cul.'I'CU,
AN
to
to
ou tain tain an come.
him th
nnen nnen an to th fo lo in ques questi ti n:
King prefer
to
to plain and fight
with us?" Agnin Cyrus
to eo
it
come come
own? own? aI
quanda.ry
what
"But,"
down he,
judge?" "Be, to be sure, to to
wi ho
Cyru
tria trial. l.
received belonged to
both 61
"will
88
in
had
togeth ther er for es toge cider He it.
D,
'i\'8S
ruther an
!' ."
moth mother er
8S
expected.
HIlt
token
rr
to fathe father' r'
them
trial. trial.
to attend.
ir
be guil guilttloss loss of Ulat dially than
f.
in the
BCriOUI'IJy
re ei vl.n vl.n an
erry erry." ."
62
will, it.."
be 8BSUred hll.PPCD what will
will
Medes?" s, be ns d, d. he ou er nque nque by
di
to
my go
he ve be houl houl command you to ?" to ow
to pay
gl
us ac
tree c h d re re n
it seemed to ve en be to my
"it is Doble dang danger er But if anyone has
reduced to hi pt ng
to
first.
honest
and 63
yo
him
puni puni
malef malefac acto to
8.
at
him?"
"1 puni punish sh him," then," ordered to be
Cyrus:
anyo anyone ne bapp bappen en
permit ue another in hi plac place? e? place. e. put a.nother in hi plac
great great posses possessio sions= ns=do do you alto
him poor?" tbat
to
"And if you find ou
tr
to
king.
tore
Kin justice;
of
their
Cyrus
rrneni Ill; in
it, then, what o1
quandary
whether death
64
to advise to
to
adSOD
to him what
to
W88
to to would say. So io it conf confid iden ence ce
"Wel "Well, l,
said said Tigr Tigran anes es my to imitate
if to imitate
throughout, him." wha.t "That
t,ha t,ha th ished."
true."
ne wh does does wron wrongs gsho ho ld
is
it is righ righ be pun-
."-RMI:NH,
HER
Cyrus, to
LTLT
to yo
AND
1Ui:,
ASl'IllATlOS8
ow inju injury ry?" ?"
to
"In myself."
great should time time he
Tigrsnes, "if you re of
to
at that that time time they should beco become me disc discre rete te For to me is cr on he
seem
in any with witb
man
di e re re t o n
if
endowed
powe powe Bu CJ
slate nd
eretion."
before?" "B th
YOIl
ay that that disc discre reti tion on
a n Q f e c~ c~ io io Do Do f th so l,
sorrow is and
being if te
c om om e w i se se . "Wllf "WllfLt, Lt, hav
eretely
discrete
yo
venture
n ev ev e
obse observ rved ed
Cyru Cyrus, s,
to fight been
in another, to
it
th
ed
vietor in lead
('OD-
ou are fident that It
lin
en br ught ught to disc discre re io
by it
wh
Zeus," Tigr Tigran anes es answ answer ered ed c on on s o u o f haeing sustained,
inasmuch .1 erty he has become k n o w s that
wi
when y o
it
could do."
BS
d es es i Uy
to
think 67
•\ !I!IoI !I!IoI}: }:
im
=others a r
me he
l'lI l'lII. I..T .TUR URJ. J.
ASD ASPIa.\TIO-"ts
wh they find s up u p e o rs rs ? in stre streng ngth th
some someti time me
if ms
ready, fL s u b m i t to
they
wi
mp
them."
those )..'"DOW
Ly Dot kept !lOY
hi
ag eeme eement nt
o f h e a g e em em en en t
"Yes; gn
bllt
\ViU, us, ulthough made b y A s ty ty ag a g es es ? "
do es
cr un ss superiors, 8.
punished
by father
worst."
68
thOI"C
hM
ho ar beat beaten en with th swor sword, d, w h i o h is cons consid ider ered ed th mo pote potent nt inst instru rume ment ntof of correction, ere neve neverth rthel eles es read read to fight UIOSC
~ain,
CIll11loL look him
in asked
yrus yrus "tha "tha
fear is
correction?' "You "You know know," ," repl replie ie Tigr Tigr nes, nes, "tha "tha wha. wha. yOll
from
luey
thos thos wh fear fear el.a el.ave very ry or bond bondag agc, c,sl slls lsuc uc ro {ear {ear wher wherea ea thos thos wh a t£ t£ > a lr lr e ad ad y lrea lready dy
thaI, they
will
some by
thro throat at
SO
doc
father, in what think be is?
"Well,1I answ answer er ent in
oa ta
L8 I
sLate
CB\ll
will more
tr ble. ble.
"'Yell,
by YOII
.ause
to trongholda
will
LI
aiwisl: very
much much aggr aggrie ieve ve if
sp te
OD
70
if
place
check upon them to
to
now,"
"Nay, employ oy serv servan ants ts like to empl from comp compul ul obeyed me only from thought ion. ion. ul if assi assist sted ed me IlS in goodnol.
wi
wh
wrong than win}
liked
e, w h e n
they perfomed m pu pu l repl replie ied: d: "Fro "Fro
could
whom
y011
C::ID
nne
from from s? my
mi
if
"wbo do wo
you," "Bill, (')'TIlS," a r c ou ou l vou find anyone to w h great youcan
to my gra.nt a n y o n e [10 w r o n g , his
wa
will
thinks that
im right to anyone
to
Armenia?
who
be
also
here in
mo t.
at all to leave mntlers
IlS
if
tinue.
you
you
hl111
often
it beUer good Cyrus, beware CR
ting
aside
rather
Ulan h~
been able
Cyrus,
to yield 72
..'Ul 'Ul u.:o;U.
URII
yo
lfLTUI lfLTUIIE, IE, ~N
contribute
,.\ PlJl.~ PlJl.~'r 'rIO IOSS SS
to
'1
lu:-
to
rote rotect ct
fi leavhe coun countr try. y.
WR
to much
8S
yo
plea plea e.
have."
to
ta-
Ients.'
at war with you.
mo you
II
Oya.X8.l'e
with
payments. Also, land m.ore,and
yOUl"
tlHlt if
the money, if
but
Cyrus/,
exclaimed way
is
what you takeaway." "Very
"that
makes
95
ing to
to get
back?" Now
wag
dearly. "I would
give
Gyru Gyrus, s, sla.very."
repl replie ie
"Take
Cyrus,
has
ne
. 6 1 1 , since You too. King
fa
[IS.
74
wher-
So they
stayed.
another,
on
nt
he
ca
es
nd
ov
away with
LIley
wi
rus'
Gy-
still commanding presence.
too, think Gyms Gyms hand handso some me?" ?" lI"l1y," repl repl ed he
him."
"At whom whom
asked
then then?" ?"
by
phon's it
at ve
conc conclu lusi sion on
ha .s
gh
subjoined: 75
be
he
'ULT 'ULTCI CIIE IE
the
AN
A"J' A"J'IK IKAT ATIO IO:> :>
mg,
men, and in will you assist Baby Babylo loni nian ans? s? "My
money against th troops and king, "arc
8,00 8,00
mine;
rai to money,
hors horse; e;
reckon,
fatalents wholly at
YOUI'
di
hall for WIlS
tribute
against war, th
ta-
doubled,
his own
and name.
ot "And
YOUT
wife?"
ehifdreu?"
fOT
"From this ti e, then then 76
YOll
ar inde indebt bted ed
to ion ... \_Dd
if
"01
m. conducted
cosy
wh
to
to bill
Ut lmnsporls
U8YC
tilCY perf perfec ec
done)
reco reconc ncil ilia ia chariots,
wiUI
ud ru
dm
Li
WIlS
did you fix ransom
rn'l'c
No Ui wh wa
"Upon 11
liberty."
but Cyme
rl circumstantial it it in Xenophon,
co
quarter of
lilt
8. notion
that torian, and exci excite te hi curi curi nsit nsit to onsu onsult lt th orig origin inal al ar
suff suffic icie ient nt
to a.
118\'c
.jty
what
wonderful
simplicity, an
78
deli delica cacy cy
U S S P K 'E 'E M A AIlSHAO AIlSHAO MAnnr.sIA MAnnr.sIAN) N)
ia
Dr Char Charle lell ll B. Shin Shinn, n, lite litera rary ry erin erin co OD Mill Mill .DIi .DIil. l.ck ckwe weU' U' "An:ncllilln Poems,"
enti enting ng in the Fl'L"'I1lu RppubliNlfI, 011 & > n oo oo r 1 91 9 1 7 seleeted the lIubjoiDed poem to ilhJBt.mte ~lhe ~lhe unco unconq nque uerrable able Arme Armeni nian an pmt, which illumum1l'1I t.he t.he whol whol hook"
EEP. s u n
n th th o l g h t
fire,
City
ui Enahrouded hi
Destructionwit.h
wa
high.
De m ed ed ,
it
in
low him my 79
HEll
U H. H. "
is
down downia ia
an
defe defeat at in
fore foreve verm rmor ore, e, with with joy, joy,
destroy!" Trans.
ASPlR.\TlO~
