IASbaba’s YK Gist
1
- April 2017
IASbaba’s YK Gist
- April 2017
Preface th
th
This is our 25 edition of Yojana Gist and 16 edition of Kurukshetra Gist, released for the month of April, 2017. It is increasingly finding a place in the questions of both UPSC Prelims and Mains and therefore, we’ve come up with this initiative to equip you with knowledge that’ll help you in your preparation for the CSE.
Every Issue deals with a single topic comprehensively sharing views from a wide spectrum ranging from academicians to policy makers to scholars. The magazine is essential to build an in-depth understanding of various socio-economic issues. From the exam point of view, however, not all articles are important. Some go into scholarly depths and others discuss agendas that are not relevant for your preparation. Added to this is the difficulty of going through a large volume of information, facts and analysis to finally extract their essence that may be useful for the exam. We are not discouraging from reading the magazine itself. So, do not take this as a document which you take read, remember and reproduce in the examination. Its only purpose is to equip you with the right understanding. But, if you do not have enough time to go through the magazines, you can rely on the content provided here for it sums up the most essential points from all the articles. You need not put hours and hours in reading and making its notes in pages. We believe, a smart study, rather than hard study, can improve your preparation levels. Think, learn, practice and keep improving! That is the key to success
2
IASbaba’s YK Gist
- April 2017
Horticulture: Towards a Silent Revolution
Milestones in the Horticulture Sector –
The fifth consecutive year horticultural production outstrips the food grains production is an evidence of structural changes in the agricultural sector.
The overall share of the horticulture in the agriculture sector's gross domestic product has grown to over 30 percent even though it accounts for nearly 17 percent of the farmland.
As per the consumption data from the national sample survey organisation (NSSO) consumption of vegetables per person increased from 2.7 kg in 1993-94 to 4.3 kg in 2011-12 and this growth is because of the increased production in spite of the surge in the population.
The impact of irrigation better agronomic practices and improved varieties has been reflected very well in the robust growth of horticultural output which is estimated
around a 7 percent a year in the past decade. The acreage under horticulture has also grown by around 2 percent a year and dipped only marginally in bad monsoon years and the drought years.
Challenges –
The lack of good planting material like seeds and technologies hinders the production of this sector. For example in India the average mango production is 3-4 tonnes per acre as against 8-10 tonnes per acre in developed countries.
As most of the horticultural products are perishable the lack of suitable post harvest technologies and value addition facilities at the grass root level de-incentivize the farming community to take horticulture as primary profession.
Lack of regulated markets and multiplicity of intermediaries in marketing makes the price higher in the consumer end lower in the production end. Improper knowledge about the climate and irrigation facilities makes the production to fluctuate.
Way Ahead –
Provision of quality planting material to the growers will help in raising the yields. More produce will come with more income for farmers and farmers will be
3
IASbaba’s YK Gist
- April 2017
motivated to grow more of these crops ultimately reducing the pressure from the cereal crops.
Expansion of fruits and vegetables processing industry with backward linkages with farmers can help in value addition and waste reduction.
The financial interventions of the government like price stabilisation fund will eliminate the unexpected shocks in the market.
The national agricultural market which provides the farmers better prices for the crops must be strengthened and the perishables must be de-notified to get high and remunerative prices.
Drought prone and climate resilient plants must be developed and supplied to the farmers so that it will help to overcome the climate change and give good yields.
The private sectors must be encouraged to set up more cold chain storages and postharvest facilities on modern scientific lines to eliminate distress sales.
Rejuvenation of old orchards is going on and it should be continued on the larger scale.
Insurance against weather risks like hail storms and other natural calamities which result in fruit drop must be compensated with suitable subsidy and MSP should be extended to the horticultural crops
Floriculture: Potential source of farmer’s income Introduction
Floriculture or flower farming is the branch of horticulture that deals with the cultivation of flowering and ornamental plants for sales and for use as raw materials in cosmetic, perfume industry and in the pharmaceutical sector.
Ancient literature such as Harsha charita, Ramayana describes that India has a long history of use of flowering plants from eras on large scale in religious purposes, social ceremonies, for making surrounding peaceful and a place ideal for meditation.
Though, India dominates in terms of area under cultivation compares with some leading countries which are relatively prosperous in floriculture like the Netherlands, Colombia, yet India's per hectare yield is very low.
Nearly 77% of the area under floricultural crops is concentrated in seven states comprising Tamilnadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal, Maharashtra, Haryana, UP and Delhi. Among these Tamilnadu ranks first in flower cultivation followed by Karnataka
4
IASbaba’s YK Gist
- April 2017
Present Scenario
India is enriched with diverse agro climatic conditions such as fertile lands, suitable climate, abundant water supply, low labour cost, availability of skilled man power, and the recent investment climate by corporates etc., are the strengths of Indian floriculture Industry.
As per the National horticultural database published by the National horticulture board, during the last two decades the production of both the loose and cut flowers has been growing at a Compound Annual Growing Rate (CAGR) of 9.92 percent and 26.66 percent respectively.
Challenges
The Indian floriculture industry is facing number of challenges mainly associated to trade environment, infrastructure and marketing issues such as high import tariff, low availability of perishable carriers, higher freight rates and inadequate refrigerated and transport facilities.
At the production level the industry faces challenges mostly related to availability of basic inputs including good quality seeds and planting materials, efficient irrigation system and skilled man power.
Enhancing Farmer’s Income through Floriculture
It has emerged as an important agribusiness with immense potential for generating employment and entrepreneurship among small and marginal farmers in both urban and rural areas.
The increasing demand for cut flowers, protected cultivation in green houses is the best alternative for using land and other resources efficiently because it provides favourable conditions for growth which provides quality products.
It has also evolved as a viable and profitable alternative for income generation and empowerment, helping in sustainable livelihood of farmers in changing climate by
using every inch of land for raising the flower and foliage crops. Government initiated many schemes for the promotion of the horticulture sector and NABARD provides the credit facilities also to promote the methods of protected cultivation and precision farming.
Various training related programmes are introduced by the government for farmers and entrepreneurs and also offer a range of concession on seeds, planting materials, various types of equipment and air freight for export.
5
IASbaba’s YK Gist
- April 2017
Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH) It has been launched for the holistic development of horticulture in the country since 2014 15. It subsumed six ongoing schemes of the Department of Agriculture and cooperation on horticulture development. Out of these six schemes three are centrally sponsored schemes
National Horticultural Mission
Horticulture Mission for North east and Himalayas
National Bamboo Mission and the three Central sector schemes are
National Horticulture Board
Coconut Development Board
Central Institute of Horticulture, Nagaland
MIDH lays emphasis on enhancing horticulture production, augmenting farmer’s income and strengthening nutritional security. It plans to improve productivity by way of quality germ plasm, planting material and water use efficiency through micro irrigation.
National Horticulture Mission (NHM)
National Horticulture Mission (NHM) is one of the sub schemes of Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH) which is being implemented by State Horticulture Missions (SHM) in selected districts of 18 States and four Union Territories.
National Horticulture Mission (NHM) was launched in 2005 - 06 as centrally sponsored scheme to enhance the horticulture production and improver nutritional security and income support to farm households and others. It adopts area based regionally differentiated strategies.
North East States, Sikkim, J&K, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand are not covered under this mission
These states are covered under a separate scheme – Horticulture Mission for North East and Himalayan States.
6
IASbaba’s YK Gist
- April 2017
Horticulture Mission for North East and Himalayan States (HMNEH)
It is one of the sub schemes of Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH) which is being implemented by State Horticulture Missions (SHM) in the North Eastern States and Himalayan States.
These states have rich bio diversity and hold immense potential for horticulture. So in a view to improve livelihood of these people this scheme is launched in 2001 – 02.
The NER is known for minimum usage of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. This is proposed to be converted into strength through appropriate technology based development and adoption of organic management of horticultural development activities.
National Bamboo Mission (NBM) National Bamboo Mission (NBM) is one of the sub schemes of Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH) It is being implemented by State Bamboo Development Agencies (BDA)/ Forest Development Agency (FDA) in all the States and UTs Bamboo is an economic resource having immense potential for improving the quality of life of rural and urban communities with environment regeneration qualities like carbon sequestering. Domestic bamboo industry is estimated to be about Rs. 26,000 crores (in 2015). However, the domestic bamboo sector is faced with many constraints, such as:
Lack of scientific methods for propagation and cultivation.
Lack of post-harvest treatment and technology for product development. Inadequate trained manpower.
Inadequate infrastructure for large scale harvesting in the event of gregarious flowering.
National Horticulture Board (NHB) National Horticulture Board (NHB) was set up by Government of India in April 1984 on the basis of recommendations of the “Group on Perishable Agricultural Commodities.
7
IASbaba’s YK Gist
- April 2017
The NHB is registered as a Society under the Societies Registration Act 1860, with its headquarters at Gurgaon The main objectives of the NHB are to improve integrated development of Horticulture industry and to help in coordinating, sustaining the production and processing of fruits and vegetables
Coconut Development Board (COB) Coconut Development Board (CDB) is a statutory body established in 1981, under the Ministry of Agriculture, for the integrated development of coconut cultivation and industry in the country with focus on increasing productivity and product diversification.
Functions of the Board
Adopting measures for the development of coconut industry.
Imparting technical advice to those engaged in coconut cultivation and industry.
Providing financial and other assistance for the expansion of area under coconut.
Encouraging adoption of modern technologies for processing of coconut and its products.
Adopting measures to get incentive prices for coconut and its products.
Recommending measures for improving marketing of coconut and its products.
Recommending measures for regulating imports and exports of coconut and its products.
Fixing grades, specifications and standards for coconut and its products.
Financing suitable schemes to increase the production of coconut and to improve the quality and yield of coconut.
Assisting, encouraging, promoting and financing agricultural, technological, industrial or economic research on coconut and its products.
Collecting statistics on coconut and its products and publishing them.
Undertaking publicity activities and publishing books and periodicals on coconut and its products
8
IASbaba’s YK Gist
- April 2017
‘ARYA’ (Attracting and Retaining Youth in Agriculture) To check the migration of rural youth and retain their interest in agriculture through creation of new employment opportunities. This programme is being implemented by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR). Objctives –
To attract and empower the youth in rural areas to take up various Agriculture, allied and service sector enterprises for sustainable income and gainful employment in selected districts.
To enable the Farm Youth to establish network groups to take up resource and capital intensive activities like processing, value addition and marketing;
To demonstrate the functional linkage with different institutions and stakeholders for convergence of opportunities available under various schemes/programme for sustainable development of Youth.
ARYA project is being implemented through Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) in 25 States, one district from each State, with technical partners from ICAR institutes andAgricultural Universities. Skill development of rural youths will help in improving their confidence levels and encourage them to pursue farming as profession, generate additional employment opportunities to absorb under employed and unemployed rural youth in secondary agriculture and service related activities in rural areas.
Horticulture and Indian Economy The importance of horticulture can be substantiated by its benefits
high export value
high yield per unit area
high returns per unit area
efficient utilization of wasteland
provision of raw materials for allied industries
better use of undulating lands
stabilization of women’s empowerment by providing employment opportunities
through fruit and vegetable processing
floriculture industry
seed production
9
IASbaba’s YK Gist
- April 2017
mushroom cultivation
Economy
Cultivation of these crops is labour intensive and as such, they generate lot of employment opportunities for the rural population.
Cultivation of horticultural crops plays a vital role in the prosperity of a nation and is
directly linked with the health and happiness of the people Fruits and vegetables are not only used for domestic consumption and processing into various products (Pickles, preserves sauces, jam, jelly squashes, etc.), but also substantial quantities are exported in fresh and processed form, bringing muchneeded foreign exchange for the country
These groups of crops also pro-vide ample scope for achieving bio-diversity and diversification to maintain ecological balance and to create sustainable agriculture
Utilising wastelands
The need for great utilization of available wastelands against the background of dwindling water and energy resources has focused attention to dry land, to arid and semi-arid tracts and to horticultural crops, which have lesser demands on water and other inputs besides being 3 to 4 times more remunerative than field crops.
A surplus labour and widely varied agro-climatic condition, which offers a high potential for successful and profitable commercial horticulture
Conclusion
Horticulture forms an integral part of food, nutritional security and poverty alleviation, and also an essential ingredient of economic security.
India, like many other countries, is very concerned about food security, thus, rural development has become a primary area of focus in the current agricultural and horticultural development scenario.
Economic Survey 2015-16: Horticulture Scenario
The percentage share of horticulture output in agriculture is more than 33%. Under the purview of agriculture and allied activities, the share of plan outlay for horticulture, which was 3.9% during Ninth Plan, has increased to 4.6% during the Twelfth.
10
IASbaba’s YK Gist
- April 2017
Biotechnology in Horticulture Biotechnology
It is an innovative science in which the living systems and organisms are used to develop new and useful products. Biotechnological
tools
have
revolutionised
the
entire
crop
improvement
programmes by providing new strains of plants, supply of planting material, more efficient and selective pesticides and improved fertilizers.
Many genetically modified fruits and vegetables are already in the market in developed countries.
The major areas of biotechnology which can be adopted for improvement of horticultural crops are:
Tissue Culture Embryo Rescue is another area where plant breeders are able to rescue their crosses which would otherwise abort
Genetic Engineering
Molecular Diagnostics and Molecular Markers
Development of Beneficial Microbes
GM Crops
Tissue Culture
It is economical in time and space, provides greater output, disease free and elite offsprings
Another aspect of plant tissue culture is to produce somaclonal variation which means to generate genetic variations that may be needed in breeding program
Role of Government
Under a scheme called Small Business Innovation Research Initiative (SBIRI), the private tissue culture units are entitled for expansion of existing units
Department of Agriculture and Cooperation provides financial assistance up to Rs. 21lakhs for setting up tissue culture units (in public sector) and Rs 10 lakhs in private sector, subject to a maximum of 20% of the project cost
11
IASbaba’s YK Gist
- April 2017
Under Integrated Development of Fruits Scheme, financial assistance in the form of subsidy, up to 50 per cent is provided for purchase of tissue cultured banana plants by various state Governments
Agriculture and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDIA) under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, state-of-the-art airfreight transshipment centre has been set up for tissue culture plants (perishables) at New Delhi, Mumbai and Bangalore airports. Airfreight subsidy up to 25% of the freight cost is provided to tissue culture plants.
For setting up tissue culture lab, there is a provision for back-ended capital subsidy not exceeding 20% of the project cost with a maximum of Rs 25 lakh per project
Small Farmers Agri-business Consortium (SFAC) provides soft loans up to Rs 50 lakhs for setting up small tissue culture labs by co-operative societies formed by small scale farmers
Karnataka, Gujarat, Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh are giving financial assistance for setting up tissue culture units under the new agro-industrial policy. Karnataka gives capital subsidy of 20 per cent on investments.
Conclusion
Use of bio-technology in agriculture is said to be a future strategy to solve the problem of poverty, malnutrition and hunger.
A considerable progress has also been made in this regard. But still there are many issues in promoting R&D, extension, commercialization and bio-safety.
Addressing these will go a long way in promotion of horticulture industry in the country and to enhance India’s capability to compete globally.
Maintenance of Registers under Various Labour Laws Simplified The Government has simplified the maintenance of Labour registers of about 5.85 crore establishments in agriculture and non- agriculture sectors. These registers are related to details of employees, their salaries, loans/recoveries, attendance etc.
This exercise will drastically reduce the number of registers being maintained by these establishments from 56 to only 5 by doing away with overlapping/redundant fields.
This will help these establishments to save cost and efforts and ensure better compliance of Labour Laws.
12
IASbaba’s YK Gist
- April 2017
As per the Sixth Economic Census of Central Statistical Office conducted during 20132014, India has about 5.85 Crore establishments in agricultural and non-agricultural sectors combined.
Out of this, 4.54 Crore establishments are in non-agricultural sector. While reviewing the requirement of filing various returns / registers/forms provided under 9 Central Acts, there were several overlapping/ redundant fields that could be rationalized.
Ministry of Labour & Employment has also simultaneously undertaken to develop software for these 5 common Registers. After development of the software, the same will be put on the Shram Suvidha Portal of the Ministry of Labour and Employment for free download with an aim to facilitate maintenance of those registers in a digitized form.
The Labour Laws under which these registers are maintained include:
The Building and Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996
The Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970
The Equal Remuneration Act, 1976
The Inter-State Migrant Workmen (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1979
The Mines Act, 1952
The Minimum Wages Act, 1948
The Payment of Wages Act, 1936
The Sales Promotion Employees (Conditions of Service) Act, 1976
The Working Journalists and Other Newspaper Employees (Conditions of Service) Act, 1955
Reforms in Child Labour Law
Intervention of law is therefore imperative in dealing with the extremely complex issue of child labour which is deeply interwoven in the socio-economic fabric. The National Child Labour Policy in India has Legislative Action Plan as one of its three ingredients which aims at progressive elimination of child labour in general and specifically in hazardous occupations. The Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act 1986 was amended in the year 2016 primarily to prohibit employment of children in all occupations and processes to facilitate their enrolment in schools in view of the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009; and to prohibit employment of adolescents in hazardous occupations
13
IASbaba’s YK Gist
- April 2017
and processes and to regulate the conditions of service of adolescents in line with the ILO Convention 138 and Convention 182. ILO Convention
According to the ILO Convention No. 138, the Minimum Age Convention, a minimum age of entry into work shall not be less than the age of completion of compulsory
schooling and, in any case, shall not be less than 15 years. ILO Convention No. 182: "Worst Forms of Child Labour" in Article 1 spells out to take immediate and effective measures to prohibit and eliminate the worst forms of child labour as a matter of urgency. This article discusses the recent reforms in child labour law in the context of the situation of working children in India.
Children in workforce are paid very low wages and at times work unpaid in lieu of the debt taken by their parents or their family members. There are different types and forms of child labour such as paid/unpaid child workers; bonded child labour, children working as a part of family; self-employed children; children in domestic works/industrial works; migrant/nonmigrant child workers, etc. In some occupations child labour is involved in all stages of production, from gathering the raw materials to assembling the finished product. Irrespective of the economic sectors, children work in unhygienic conditions and are exposed to toxic chemicals, insect bite, fall etc. Children working in various manufacturing units are exposed to metal and other dusts and become victims of diseases like silicosis (glass manufacturing), asbestosis (cement and slate), bronchial asthma (silk, garment, textile, carpet), tuberculosis (beedi making), tetanus (rag picking), eye diseases (embroidery work- zardosi, hathari, zari, karchob ). Child labour is one of the areas of concern in global supply chains and child labour adversely affects the children and impedes their overall development. A clear national policy and governmental action focusing on the range of interrelated factors like poverty, unemployment, illiteracy is required to end such labour exploitation of children. Government of India
GoI has been pro-active in addressing the issue of child labour which is evident from the provisions in the articles of the Constitution of India, provisions in various labour laws and other laws relating to children and their amendments from time to time.
The Government has introduced various schemes for rehabilitation of children withdrawn and rescued from work and has constituted Task Force to conceptualize the rehabilitation projects and to contribute to their planning, implementation and monitoring
14
IASbaba’s YK Gist
- April 2017
By the enactment of the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Act 2009 (RTE Act), the Government of India has made the right to education, a fundamental right for children.
After the amendment in 2016, the Child and Adolescent Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act 1986 provides for complete ban on employment or work of children below 14 years in any occupation.
The CALPR Act provides for punishment to parents and guardians if they permit child for commercial purposes in contravention of section 3 or 3A of the Act. There is no punishment for first offence. However, for repeat offence · the parents and guardians are punishable with a fine which may extend to 10 thousand rupees.
Conclusion
Child labour should be identified, rescued and released for their educational rehabilitation and economic rehabilitation of their families by way of imparting employable skills and providing income generation avenues with special focus on migrants and vulnerable communities. Awareness Generation, Training,Capacity- building, Sensitization and Social Mobilization of State and nonState stakeholders will pave way of effective enforcement of child labour law thereby ending child labour in India.
Digital Literacy for 6 crore Rural Households
The 'Pradhan Mantri Gramin Digital Saksharta Abhiyan' (PMGDISHA) to make 6 crore rural households digitally literate has been approved by the Union Cabinet.
PMGDISHA is expected to be one of the largest digital literacy programmes in the world. Under the scheme, 25 lakh candidates will be trained in the FY 2016-17; 275 lakh in the FY 2017-18; and 300 lakh in the FY 2018-19.
To ensure equitable geographical reach, each of the 250,000 Gram Panchayats would be expected to register an average of 200-300 candidates.
Digitally literate persons would be able to operate computers/digital access devices (like tablets, smart phones, etc.), send and receive emails, browse internet, access Government Services, search for information, undertaking cashless transactions, etc. and hence use IT to actively participate in the process of nation building.
The implementation of the Scheme would be carried out under the overall supervision of Ministry of Electronics and IT in active collaboration with States/UTs through their designated State Implementing Agencies, District e-Governance Society (DeGS), etc.
15
IASbaba’s YK Gist
- April 2017
Labour Identification Number (LIN)
The aim to start ShramSuvidha portal was to do away with all employer codes being issued by separate labour enforcement agencies such as ESIC, EPFO, CLC(C) and DGMS etc and by replacing them with new LIN (Labour Identification Number).
As a single point of contact between employer, employee and enforcement agencies, it is also bringing in transparency in their day-to-day interactions.
For integration of data among various enforcement agencies, each inspectable unit under any Labour Law has been assigned one Labour Identification Number (LIN)
The portal also facilitates reporting of inspections, and submission of returns.
A unit registered with different labour enforcement agencies is identified uniquely and allotted a single unique LIN. LIN is the pivot around which all other services work.
The LIN would gradually subsume the multiple registration numbers presently being issued separately by Labour Enforcement Agencies i.e. ESIC registration Number, EPFO number, Registration or license number issued under Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970, etc.
ShramSuvidha Portal also facilitates businessmen to get all kinds of registrations and submit returns that are required under labour laws at a single online window. It also makes available to them the inspection reports prepared by the enforcement agency inspectors online.
The procedures have been simplified; returns and registration forms have been unified to provide a business environment that encourages compliance by reducing transaction costs and promoting ease of business.
Reforms in Labour Laws Ministry of Labour & Employment have taken several reform initiatives, both legislative reforms as well as Governance reforms through use of technology, to reduce the complexity in compliance and bringing transparency and accountability leading to better enforcement of the Labour Laws. These initiatives, inter-alia include
Enhancing the ceiling of wage limit for the purpose of eligibility for Bonus and for the purpose of calculation of Bonus as Rs. 21,000/- per month and Rs. 7,000/- per month respectively by amending the Payment of Bonus Act 1965.
Prohibition of employment of children below 14 years in all occupations and processes through amendment in the Child Labour (Prohibition & Regulation) Act, 1986.
16
IASbaba’s YK Gist
- April 2017
Extending the coverage of Employees State Insurance by increase in the wage ceiling from Rs. 15000/- per month to Rs. 21000/- per month.
Enabling provision under the Payment of Wages Act 1936 for payment of wages through Bank accounts.
Launching of unified ShramSuvidha Portal for allotment of a Unique Labour Identification Number (LIN) for establishments, filing of self-certified and simplified Online Annual Return and a transparent Labour Inspection Scheme through computerized system
Portability of Employees Provident Fund accounts through Universal Account Number (UAN)
The process of Legislative reforms includes consultations with stakeholders including Central Trade Unions, Employers' Association and State Governments in the form of tripartite consultation. During recent months, several such tripartite meetings have been held for considering suggestions on various legislative reform proposals where the representatives of all stake holders/State Governments participated and gave their suggestions on the legislative proposals.
Social Security for Workers in Informal Sector In order to provide social security benefits to the workers in the unorganised sector, the Government has enacted the Unorganised Workers' Social Security Act, 2008. The 2008 Act stipulates formulation of suitable welfare schemes for unorganised workers on matters relating to:
life and disability cover
health and maternity benefits
Old age protection.
The social security schemes being implemented by various ministries/departments for unorganised workers listed in Schedule I are mentioned below:
Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme (Ministry of Rural Development);
National Family Benefit Scheme (Ministry of Rural Development);
Janani Suraksha Yojana (Ministry of Health and Family Welfare);
Handloom Weavers' Comprehensive Welfare Scheme (Ministry of Textiles);
Handicraft Artisans' Comprehensive Welfare Scheme (Ministry of Textiles);
Pension to Master Craft Persons (Ministry of Textiles);
17
IASbaba’s YK Gist
- April 2017
National Scheme for Welfare of Fishermen and Training and Extension (Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying & Fisheries);
AamAadmiBimaYojana (Department of Financial Services);
RashtriyaSwasthyaBimaYojana (Ministry of Health and Family Welfare)
Further, Central Government has also launched the Atal Pension Yojana, Pradhan Mantri Jeevan JyotiBimaYojana and Pradhan Mantri Suraksha BimaYojana for all citizens especially targeting unorganised workers to provide them comprehensive social security.
Link to Mind Maps- Click Here
Regards IASbaba
18
IASbaba’s YK Gist
19
- April 2017
