API 570 DEC 2009 Closed book 1- Temporary Temporary piping repairs repairs may remain remain for an indeni!e period period of !ime if !"ey are
appro#ed
do$%men!ed by !"e&
' API 570- ()1)*)1+
1) 2) .) *)
A%!"ori,e A%!"ori,ed d piping piping inspe$!or inspe$!or)) anage anagerr of of main! main!ena enan$e n$e /per /pera! a!in ing g manag manager er Pipin Piping g engin engineer eer))
2- "i$" of !"e folloing is no! a re%ired marking on a 3-14)5 ange or anged '314)5-*)2)5 + !!ing6
1) 2) .) *)
press press%r %re e $lass $lass ra!i ra!ing ng Temper empera!%r a!%re e range range a!eri a!erial al spe$i spe$i$a $a!io !ion n an%fa$!%r an%fa$!%rers ers name or marking marking
.- elders "o %alify i!" i!" one ller ller me!al are %alied %alied !o eld eld i!" any ller me!al "a#ing & 1) 2) .) *)
8-n% 8-n%mb mber er)) P-n%m -n%mbe berr) A-n%m A-n%mber ber and and p-n%mber p-n%mber)) A-n%m -n%mbe berr)
Is $onsider $onsidered ed a permanen permanen!! repair repair)) Does no! no! re%ir re%ire e ro%nded ro%nded $orn $orners) ers) %s! be be designed designed by piping piping engineer engineer)) Is designed designed i!"o%! i!"o%! %sing %sing :oin! e;$ien e;$ien$y $y))
5- "i$" of !"e folloing folloing m%s! m%s! be in$l%ded in a P<=6 'A>E I?-<-200)2-b+
1) 2) .) *)
Cer!i$ Cer!i$a!ion a!ion signa!%r signa!%re e and and da!a da!a Ele$!r Ele$!rode ode !rade !rade name name C%rre C%rren! n! re#is re#ision ion and and da!a 3ase 3ase me!al me!al !"i$ !"i$kne kness ss range range 4- "en !"e maim%m alloable alloable orking press%re press%re is re$al$%la!ed re$al$%la!ed for !"e $on!in%ed %se %se a piping sys!em@ sys!em@ !"e all !"i$kness !"i$kness %sed is !"e& 'API570- 7)2+
1) A$!%al $!%al !"i$ !"i$kne kness ss)) 2) A$!%al !"i$kness !"i$kness min%s !"e !"e es!ima!ed $orrosion $orrosion loss before before !"e ne! ne! inspe$!ion) .) A$!%al !"i$kness !"i$kness min%s !o !o !imes !"e es!ima!ed es!ima!ed $orrosion $orrosion loss before before !"e ne! inspe$!ion) 10
API 570 DEC 2009 Closed book 7) T"i$kness meas%remen! lo$a!ion 'T+ readings on a piping sys!em indi$a!e !"a! !"e $orrosion ra!e "as in$reased) T"e inspe$!ors mos! appropria!e response is !o& 1) 2) .) *) ()
T"e s!r%$!%re of deposi!ed eld me!al is akin !o a& 1) 2) .) *) 9)
Bo!-formed me!al) 8orging) Cas!ing) Bea!-!rea!ed me!al) "en priori!i,ing piping sys!ems for posi!i#e ma!erial iden!i$a!ion 'PI+ !es!ing @"i$" of !"e folloing is !"e mos! impor!an! i!em 6 'API 57(-*).).-a+
1) 2) .) *)
T"e likeli"ood of a ma!erial mi %p d%ring $ons!r%$!ion) T"e $os! of !"e PI !es!ing program) T"e a$$essibili!y of piping segmen!s) T"e pro$ess %ni! don!ime s$"ed%le)
10) A piping sys!em ins!alled in an%ary 199. "ad an ini!ial !"i$kness of 0).2 in$" ) In an%ary 200*@ a !"i$kness of 0)20 in$" as re$orded :%s! prior !o a $"ange of ser#i$e on !"e piping sys!em) T"e !"i$kness meas%remen! in an%ary 2009 as 0)1( in$" ) T"e re!iremen! !"i$kness of 0)15 in$" ill be me! in& 1) an%ary 2012)
API 570 DEC 2009 Closed book 12) To "i$" of !"e folloing %id ser#i$es does in API 570 spe$i$ally appli$a!ion6 1) Ca!egory D %id ser#i$es as dened in A>E 3.1). 'API 570-1)2)1+
2) =a@ in!ermedia!e@ and nis"ed pe!role%m prod%$!s) .) Bydro$arbons and %!ili!y s!reams) *) >!eam and s!eam $ondensa!e) 1.) A nal $los%re eld for a repla$emen! piping se$!ion !"a! $anno! press%re !es!ed& 1) %s! be of a! leas! spo! radiograp" %ali!y. 'API 570- ()2)7+
2) Can be be!een s!raig"! se$!ion of pipe !"a! is i!"in 114 in$" of !"e same all !"i$kness) .) %s! be a f%ll-pene!ra!ion b%!! eld of e%i#alen! and be aially aligned) *) Canno! in$l%de a slip-on ange for $lass .00 sys!em or belo) 1*) Bis!ori$ally@ ma!erial non-$onforman$es i!" !"e grea!es! n%mber of serio%s consequences have involved :
'API-57(- *).).)1+
1) 2) .) *) 15)
>!ainless s!eel $omponen!s in onel or In$onel piping sys!em) Carbon s!eel $omponen!s in lo alloy piping sys!em) Carbon s!eel $omponen!s in s!ainless s!eel piping ) o alloy $omponen!s in s!ainless s!eel piping sys!em) "a! !ype of inspe$!ion $o%ld be performed a! gro%nd le#el !o lo$a!e a$!i#e $orrosion b%ried pipeline6
14) A a$$ording !o API 570 @an eaminer: 1) Feed no! be an a%!"ori,ed piping inspe$!or) 'API 570- .)1)7 +
2) E#al%a!es !"e res%l! of FDE on piping) .) %s! a%!"ori,e all repair pro$ed%res@ ma!erials@ and eamina!ion !e$"ni%e) *) %s! be an a%!"ori,ed piping inspe$!or)
10
API 570 DEC 2009 Closed book 17) "en a piping inspe$!or no!i$es deforma!ion of a press%re a!!a$"men! @ !"e mos! appropria!e of !"e folloing a$!ion& 'API 57*-10)1).-b+
1) 2) .) *) 1()
Fo!e !"e deforma!ion in !"e inspe$!ion repor!) =e$ommend an immedia!e s"%!don of !"e %ni! ) "e$k for piping misalignmen!) Cal$%la!e !"e alloable deforma!ion a$$ording !o I
' A>E G A=TICE 22@ >E-7*7
1) 2) .) *) 19)
5+
T"i$kness of !"e ma!erial being elded) <%ali!y spe$ied for !"e eld) 8ilm speed sele$!ed for !"e :ob) >i,e of !"e pene!rame!er "ole) "i$" of !"e folloing need no! be !aken in!o a$$o%n! "en spe$ifying piping for original ins!alla!ion 6 'API 570- 1)1).+
1) 2) .) *) 20)
Corrosion alloan$e) T"reads) >!resses $a%sed by o!"er loading) API s!andard 570 $lassi$a!ions) A piping sys!em $arrying a ammable pe!role%m %id may be $a!egori,ed as a Class . sys!em if i! $on!ains& 'API 570 -4).)*)*-a+
1) 2) .) *)
A nis"ed prod%$! being p%mped a! a remo!e boos!er s!a!ion) An"ydro%s "ydrogen $"loride) as!e gas %sed !o f%el an on si!e "ea!er) /n- si!e nap"!"a i!" no "ydrogen s%lde)
21) "en a b%ried pipe is fo%nd !o "a#e sa!isfa$!ory moni!oring of !"e $a!"odi$ pro!e$!ion sys!em @ e$a#a!ion of !"e pipe is re%ired if !"e& 'API 57*- 7)*)5+
1- Pipe "as been in ser#i$e for 10 years) 2- Coa!ing or rapping is damaged) .- Ca%lking "as "ardened) *- Ca%lking or seal a! !"e in!erfa$e "as de!eriora!ed) 22) A $arbon-s!eel piping $ir$%i! in $a%s!i$ ser#i$e !"a! as originally s!ress reli#ed& 1) >"o%ld be eamined a! !i$e !"e inspe$!ion in!er#al of sys!ems !"a! are no! s!ress- relie#ed) 2) >"o%ld be $"e$ked for $ra$king i!" magne!i$-par!i$le !es!ing) 10
API 570 DEC 2009 Closed book .) =e%ires 3rinell "ardness !es!ing a! !"e rs! inspe$!ion in!er#al) *) >"o%ld ne#er be "ammer !es!ed) 2.) T"e elders Performan$e <%ali$a!ion =e$ord do$%men!s& 'A>E I?- <-1*2+
5) 4) 7) ()
T"a! !"e eldmen! pro#ides !"e re%ired proper!ies) T"e s%i!abili!y of a eld pro$ess for a gi#en ser#i$e) T"e abili!y of !"e man%fa$!%rer !o $on!rol !"e elder) T"e elders abili!y !o make so%nd elds)
2*) T"e mos! $ommon manifes!a!ion of boiler a!er $ondensa!e $orrosion is& 1. 3oiler !%be r%p!%res ) 'API 571- *).)5)5-b+ 2. Corrosion fa!ig%e $ra$king of deaera!ors) 3. Pi!!ing of !"e bo!!om of deaera!ors) 4. >moo!" groo#ing of pipe alls)
25) A $lass 1 piping sys!em "as "ad i!s ser#i$e $"anged !o $arry a non-$orrosi#e@ iner! gas i!" an e!remely lo po!en!ial for a safe!y emergen$y in !"e e#en! of a leak) T"e %ni! inspe$!or s"o%ld& 1) Con!in%e !o moni!or Ts on !"is sys!em as i! as originally se! %p ) 'API 570- 5)4).-a+
2) =ed%$e !"e fre%en$y of moni!oring Ts !o Class 2 re%iremen!s) .) =ed%$e !"e fre%en$y of moni!oring Ts !o Class . re%iremen!s) *) Elimina!e all Ts on !"is sys!em) 24) An e!ernal #is%al inspe$!ion of abo#egro%nd piping s"o%ld alays in$l%de& 1) 3ellos epansion :oin!s and pipe "angers ) 2) C"e$king for f%gi!i#e emissions ) 'API570-5)5)*+
.) T"i$kness meas%remen!s a! all inspe$!ion poin!s ) *) >!ripping ins%la!ion for $orrosion-%nder-ins%la!ion inspe$!ion) 27) "i$" of !"e folloing ma!erial s"o%ld be "ydro!es!ed i!" po!able a!er or s!eam $ondensa!e6 1) Carbon s!eel) 'API570- 5)()1+
2) onel) .) .00 series s!ainless s!eel) *) 5 Cr H /) 2() An imperfe$!ion of a !ype or magni!%de e$eeding !"e a$$ep!able $ri!eria is knon as aan & 1) Indi$a!ion)
10
API 570 DEC 2009 Closed book 2) Defe$!) 'API 570- .)1)17+
.) Dis$on!in%i!y) *) 8la) 29) D%ring radiograp"i$ eamina!ion of a eld @ !"e ire !ype I
perpendi$%lar !o !"e eld) 'A>E G- A=TICE 2 -T- T-277)1-.-d+
2) Ad:a$en! !o !"e eld so !"a! !"e leng!" of !"e ire is parallel !o !"e eld) .) /n !"e eld so !"a! !"e leng!" of !"e ire is perpendi$%lar !o !"e eld ) *) /n !"e eld so !"a! !"e leng!" of !"e ire is parallel !o !"e eld ) .0) lo$al PBT may be $onsidered for piping repairs %nder all of !"e folloing $ondi!ions e$ep! "en !"e & '3.1).-Table ..1)1)1+
1) 2) .) *)
Pipe all !"i$kness e$eeds H in$" '1. mm+ PBT is for en#ironmen!al $ra$king resis!an$e ) a!erial "as "ig"er !"an 12 $"rome $on!en!) Pipe diame!er e$eeds FP> 12 'DF.00+)
A la$k of f%sion %nder !"e $ap !"a! appears as a J$%!K on a radiograp") A groo#e in !"e base ma!erial a! !"e !oe of !"e eld In$omple!e lling of !"e eld roo! An in$omple!e bonding be!een !"e paren! me!al and ller me!al %nder !"e eld
.9) eas%remen!s from an inspe$!ion of a $lass . pipe re#eal me!al !"i$kness of 0).50 in$" '()(9mm+) !"e $al$%la!ed minim%m !"i$kness is 0)250in$" '4).5mm+)if !"e $orrosion ra!e is 0)0025 in$"es '0)04*mm+ per year@ !"e ne! !"i$kness meas%remen! inspe$!ion s"o%ld be s$"ed%led i!"in& N 'API 570- 4).).+ 1) 2) .) *)
. years) 5 years) 10 years) 20 years
'!"e lesser of one "alf !"e remaining life or !"e maim%m in!er#als re$ommended in Table 2+
10
API 570 DEC 2009 Closed book *0- "i$" !o posi!ions %alify a elder for all posi!ions "en elding an (-in$" pipe6 1) 2O and 5O. 'A>E I?- <-*41)9+
2) 1O and .O) .) 1O and 2O) *) 2O and .O) *1) T"e A>E se$!ion i A n%mber is based on& 'A>E I?- <-**0+
1) 2) .) *)
!"e eldabili!y $"ara$!eris!i$s of me!al alloys) !"e $"emi$al $omposi!ion of !"e ele$!rode ) !"e $"emi$al $omposi!ion of !"e deposi!ed eld me!l) a gro%p of base me!als "a#ing spe$ied impa$! !es! re%iremen!s)
*2) In pipe $aps@ $orroded areas e#iden$ed by lo$al !"inning& 1) 2) .) *)
ay be ignored in small-bore piping) ay be ignored if !"ey make %p less !"en 10of !"e !o!al area) ay be e#al%a!ed in a$$ordan$e i!" prin$iples o%!lined in Api =p579) are $onsidered insigni$an! if !"ey do no! de$rease $ap !"i$kness by more !"an "alf !"e /riginal !"i$kness)
*.) An al!erna!i#e or s%pplemen! !o !"e inspe$!ion of b%ried piping is leak !es!ing i!" li%id) A! "a! per$en!age grea!er !"an !"e maim%m opera!ing press%re s"o%ld !"is !es! be $ond%$!ed6 'API 570- 9).)7+
1) 2) .) *)
5) 10) 25) 50)
**) "i$" of !"e folloing #al#es o%ld make J piggingK impossible6 1) 2) .) *)
an%fa$!%rer of any %l!rasoni$ e%ipmen! %sed) Da!e of !"e ne! s$"ed%led inspe$!ion) =es%l! of !"e pre#io%s inspe$!ion andor !es!) Type of e%ipmen! %sed !o $alibra!e !"e inspe$!ion e%ipmen!)
API 570 DEC 2009 Closed book 1) Alloed for Class 1 and Class 2 piping sys!ems if !"e elds re$ei#e magne!i$ par!i$le !es!ing or pene!ran! !es!ing ) 2) Fo! alloed for Class 1 piping sys!ems .) Alloed for Class 1and Class 2 piping sys!ems if !"e elds are 100 radiograp"ed or %l!rasoni$ally !es!ed) *) Fo! alloed for Class 1 or Class 2 piping sys!ems) *7) PI !es!ing program i!"in a are"o%se& 'API 57(- *)*)2+
1) %s! !es! a par! of e#ery alloy piping $omponen! re$ei#ed) 2) >"o%ld no! be regarded as an al!erna!i#e !o PI !es!ing of !"e fabri$a!ed piping sys!em) .) =e%ires disman!ling of #al#es !o !es! indi#id%al par!s) *) Is a $os! eLe$!i#e al!erna!i#e !o PI !es!ing of !"e fabri$a!ed piping sys!em) *() Af!er ea$" inspe$!ion or signi$an! $"ange in opera!ing $ondi!ions@ !"e : 'API 570- 4).).+
1) A%!"ori,ed piping inspe$!or m%s! be no!ied) 2) Corrosion engineer m%s! be no!ied) .) Inspe$!ion in!er#als m%s! be ad:%s!ed) *) Inspe$!ion in!er#als m%s! be re#ieed and ad:%s!ed as ne$essary ) *9) A repair !o a $ra$k $an be $onsidered permanen! if & 'API 570- ()1)*)2+
1) A eld groo#e $omple!ely remo#es !"e defe$! and is !"en lled i!" eld me!al deposi!) 2) T"e piping $omponen! is "ydro!es!ed !o 150 of !"e maim%m alloable press%re) .) A bo-!ype en$los%re is ins!alled) *) A f%ll en$ir$lemen! elded spli! slee#e is ins!alled per API 570) 50) A>E I? assigns base me!al !o a P-n%mber $a!egory in order !o red%$e !"e n%mber of re%ired & 1) PE I?- <-200).+
2) P=s) 51) Af!er elding is $omple!ed@ a press%re !es! s"o%ld be performed if i! is pra$!i$le and deemed ne$essary by !"e & 'API570- ()2)7+
1) Inspe$!or) 10
API 570 DEC 2009 Closed book 2) /ner %ser and !"e piping engineer) .) T"e piping engineer) *) /ner%sers ins%ran$e $arrier and !"e piping engineer) 52) A>FT =e$ommended Pra$!i$e >FT-TC-1A is a& 'A>E I?- <-191)2)2+
5.) "en performing li%id pene!ra!e eamina!ion of s!ainless-s!eel eld :oin!s@
"i$" of !"e folloing is $orre$! for #erifying a$$ep!able pene!ra!e ma!erials6 1. Gerify !"e $er!i$a!ions of pene!ran! and de#eloper ma!erials for
$"lorine or %orine $on!en!) 'A>E G- A=TICE 4 - II-4*2+ 2. C"e$k !"e ma!erial $on!ainer for iden!i$a!ion and ba!$" n%mbers) 3. Gerify !"e $er!i$a!ions of pene!ran! and de#eloper ma!erials for lead
$on!en!) 4. C"e$k !"e ma!erial $on!ainer for indi$a!ion of G/C $on!en!) 5*) "en ina$$essibili!y pre#en!s pla$ing !"e pene!rame!er's+ man%ally on !"e
so%r$e side of a eld being radiograp"ed @ "a! iden!i$a!ion is pla$ed on !"e radiograp" !o indi$a!e !"a! lm side pene!rame!ers ere %sed6 1) JI)<)IK 2) J3K .) J8K 55) Ger!i$al s%ppor!s $ons!r%$!ed of pipe $omponen!s s"o%ld be $"e$ked !o
de!ermine if !"ey are lled i!" a!er @ be$a%se a!er inside a s%ppor! may $a%se& 'API 570- 5)5)*+ 1) 2) .) *)
In!ernal $orrosion of !"e s%ppor!) In!ernal $orrosion of !"e pro$ess pipe) E!ernal $orrosion of !"e s%ppor!) Addi!ional s!ress !o be pla$ed on !"e s%ppor!)
54)T"e re$ommended maim%m inspe$!ion in!er#al for !"e !"i$kness meas%remen! for an in:e$!ion poin! $ir$%i! is & 'API 570-Table 2+
1) 2) .) *)
. years or one-"alf !"e remaining life@ "i$"e#er is less) 5 years or one- "alf !"e remaining life@ "i$"e#er is less) De!ermined by $lass) 10 years or one-"alf !"e remaining life@ "i$"e#er is less)
10
API 570 DEC 2009 Closed book 57) A me!al !"i$kness reading of 0)220 in$" is ob!ained d%ring an inspe$!ion on
%ne 1@2004) T"e baseline reading for !"e !"i$kness meas%remen! lo$a!ion 'T+ as 0)250 in$" on ay .1@2000) T"e $orrosion ra!e is & '0)25-0)22+4 0)005 in$" per year 1) 0)00. in$" per 2) 0)005 in$" per .) 0)0.0 in$" per *) 0)050 in$" per
year) year) year) year )
5() T"e responsibili!y for %alifying repair elders is res!ri$!ed !o !"e & 'A>E I?- <-10.+
1) 2) .) *)
Con!ra$!or or man%fa$!%rer employing !"e elder) elders s%per#isor) /ner %ser of !"e si!e "ere !"e repaired e%ipmen! ill be %sed) elding %ali$a!ion !es! $ompany employed by !"e oner %ser)
59) En#ironmen!al $ra$king no!ed d%ring an in-ser#i$e eamina!ion of elds s"o%ld be assessed by !"e & 1) Piping engineer) 2) Fondes!r%$!i#e eaminer)
'API
570- 5)11and ()1).+
.) Piping inspe$!or) *) Cer!ied elding inspe$!or) 40) "a! is !"e $a%se for re:e$!ion of !"e J 3K image on a lm d%e !o e$essi#e ba$ks$a!!er 6 1. Any image) 'A>E G- T-2(*+ 2. Fo image) 3. A lig"! image) 4. A dark image) 41) "i$" inspe$!ion me!"od is mos! appropria!e for de!e$!ing e!ernal $"loride
s!ress
$orrosion $ra$king in a%s!eni!i$ s!ainless-s!eel piping sys!em 6
1) 2) .) *) 42) >oil-!o
Dry magne!i$ par!i$le) i%id pene!ran! ) ongi!%dinal %l!rasoni$) =adiograp"y) air in!erfa$es on b%ried piping s"o%ld be in$l%ded in&
API 570 DEC 2009 Closed book *) !"e g%idelines of !"e oner %sers ins%ran$e $arrier) 49) 8as!eners and o!"er $omponen!s a!!a$"ed by !"reads !o piping sys!em s"o%ld re$ei#e spe$ial a!!en!ion d%ring #is%al inspe$!ion @ sin$e !"ey "a#e a grea!er po!en!ial for & 1) $"loride s!ress $orrosion $ra$king) 'API 570- 5)5)*+
2) repla$emen! i!" improper $omponen!s) .) bri!!le fra$!%re of bol!ing ma!erial) *) $arb%ri,a!ion) 70) "i$" of !"e folloing is no! $onsidered an eLe$!i#e means of $leaning !"e s%rfa$e of piping !o be inspe$!ed for $ra$ks 6 1. C"emi$al $leaning ) 2. >andblas!ing) 'API 57*-11).)2)2+ 3. ire br%s"ing) 4. >!eam o%! and a!er as")
71) /n "a! basis are image %ali!y indi$a!ions sele$!ed6 1) T"e alloy $on!en! of !"e ma!erial being radiograp"ed) lm !ype %sed by !"e 2) T"e 'A>E G- T-274)2-a+
radiograp"er)
.) T"e s!reng!" of !"e radia!ion so%r$e) *) T"e !"i$kness of !"e base ma!erial pl%s !"e !"i$kness of !"e eld reinfor$emen!) 72) "i$" of !"e folloing is no! an ad#an!age in %sing radiograp"y !o de!ermine pipe !"i$kness6 1) Piping ins%la!ion $an remain in!a$! d%ring inspe$!ion) 2) 8ilm nega!i#es pro#ide a permanen! re$ord of !"e $ondi!ion of !"e pipe) .) Iso!ope radiograp"y is no! an igni!ion so%r$e in !"e presen$e of "ydro$arbons) *) T"e $os! of inspe$!ion is loer !"an for o!"er me!"ods)
7.) >%rfa$e $ondi!ions of b%ried pipeline pa!"s s"o%ld be #is%ally s%r#eyed approima!ely e#ery& 'API 570- 9).)1+
1) 2) .) *)
4 mon!"s) Qear) 2 years) . years)
10
API 570 DEC 2009 Closed book 7*) Oaske! fa$es of opened anged :oin!s s"o%ld be #is%ally inspe$!ed) "i$" of
!"e folloing of an open anged :oin!6 1) 2) .) *)
is no! normally $"e$ked for d%ring inspe$!ion 'API 57*- 10).).+
Cra$king in !"e groo#es of ring :oin! anges arpage of !"e gaske! s%rfa$es Corrosion or o!"er damage !o !"e gaske! s%rfa$e $orre$! me!all%rgy of ange)
75) Inspe$!ion of small-bore piping 'sbp+ !"a! is par! of a $lass2 se$ondary pro$ess sys!em is& 1) /p!ional) 'API 570- 4)4)1+
2) Performed a! !"e same in!er#als as for $lass2 primary pro$ess piping .) Performed a! !"e same in!er#als as for $lass. primary pro$ess piping *) o%!side !"e s$ope of Api 570) 74) Appropria!e engineering re$ords s"o%ld be %pda!ed "en piping sys!em is being& 1) Tes!ed 'API570-().-i+
1) Ens%re !"e eld is free of me$"ani$al defe$!s) 2) De!ermine !"e e!en! of eldmen! radiograp"y re%ired) .) es!ablis" !"e skill of !"e elder and !"e elders abili!y !o deposi! so%nd eld me!al) *) do$%men! !"e elding of !"e !es! $o%pon and !o pro#ide 100)1 dire$!ion !o 7() PI !es!ing of elding $ons%mables s"o%ld in$l%de& 1) a represen!a!i#e sample as spe$ied by !"e piping 'API 57(- *)2)4+
inspe$!or )
2) one ele$!rode or ire sample from ea$" lo! or pa$kage of alloy eld rod) .) a represen!a!i#e sample of ele$!rodes !aken a! random from !"e $on!ainer) *) a represen!a!i#e sample as spe$ied by !"e piping engineer)
79) E#al%a!ion of re$ord of !"e pre#io%s inspe$!ion re#eals !"a! !"i$kness reading and !"e 10
API 570 DEC 2009 Closed book res%l!ing $al$%la!ion of $orrosion ra!e ere ina$$%ra!e ) T"e ra!e !o be %sed for !"e ne! period s"all6 'API 570- 7)1).+
1) Fo! be $"anged !o !"e a$!%al ra!e fo%nd %n!il !"e ra! is $onrmed a! !"e ne! inspe$!ion 2) 3e !"e a#erage of !"e s"or! !erm and long !erm $orrosion ra!s from !"e re$ord .) 3e !"e s"or! !erm $orrosion ra!e from !"e re$ord *) 3e $"anged !o !"e a$!%al ra!e fo%nd (0 8or $lass 1 piping !"e risk based inspe$!ion '=3I+ assessmen! s"o%ld be
re#ieed and e$eed &
appro#ed by inspe$!or and piping engineer a! in!er#als no! !o 'API 570-4).)2 !able 2+
1) 1 years 2) . years .) 5 years *) 10 years (1) 3efore applying a "ydro-!es! !o piping sys!ems @ $onsidera!ion s"all be gi#en
!o !"e& 1) ange press%re ra!ing) 'API 570- 5)(+
2) s%ppor!ing s!r%$!%re) .) piping $ong%ra!ion) *) piping ma!erial) (2) if =3I me!"ods are no! %sed @ #is%al e!ernal inspe$!ions of piping s"all be $ond%$!ed a! in!er#als of no more !"an& 'API 570-!able 2+
1) 2) .) *)
. years for a Class1 line) 5 years for a Class 1 or Class 2 line) 5 years for a Class . line) 10 year for a Class 2 line)
(.) Gibra!ing and saying piping @ li%id "ammer@ li%id sl%gging in #apor lines or
abnormal !"ermal epansion@ $an lead !o "i$" !ype of de!eriora!ion me$"anism6 'API 570- 5)5)7+
(7) A P> is sele$!ed for a repair on $old ser#i$e piping) Impa$! !es!ing of !"e eldmen! is re%ired) "i$" of !"e folloing is are re%ired on !"e P>6 'A>E I?- <-200)1-b+
1) A re$ord of !"e elding da!a %sed !o eld a !es! $o%pon) 2) A des$rip!ion of !"e re%ired repair) .) All essen!ial @ nonessen!ial @ and s%pplemen!ary #ariables) *) T"e res%l!s of me$"ani$al !es!ing) (() a!erials %sed in repairing or al!ering piping sys!ems m%s! be& 1. !"e original $ons!r%$!ion ma!erials) 'API 570- ()2)5+ 2. $ompa!ible i!" 701( eld ele$!rodes) 3. appro#ed by !"e main!enan$e manager) 4. of knon eldable %ali!y)
(9) 3ri!!le fra$!%re is %s%ally no! a $on$ern i!"& 1) rela!i#ely !"in alled piping) 'API 571- *)2)7).+
2) *00 series s!ainless s!eel piping) .) large-bore piping) *) rela!i#ely "ea#y alled piping) 90) if !"e me!al !"i$kness of $omponen! being meas%red is %nder 1( !"en i! 1) $an no! be a$$%ra$y meas%red ) 'API 570- 5)7)1-"+ 10
API 570 DEC 2009 Closed book 2) $an $on!r%b%!e !o red%$ed a$$%ra$y of digi!al %l!rasoni$ meas%ermen!) .) $an $on!r%b%!e !o red%$ed a$$%ra$y of prole radiograp"y meas%ermen!) *) only be meas%red %sing Eddy C%rren! !e$"ni%e) 91) A "ydro $arbon piping sys!em is ins%la!ed and s!eam !ra$ed @!ypi$al opera!ing
!empra!%re of !"is $arbon s!eel is 225R 8)se#eral sys!ems nearby are in !"e same ser#i$e and "a#e e"ibi!ed no $orrosion problem) li%id is fo%nd dripping a! one of !"e ins%la!ion :a$k!ing seams)af!er in#es!iga!ion !"e li%id is de!ermined !o be a!er from a press%er e%ipmen! in!egri!y s!andpoin! ) !"e inspe$!or s"o%ld & 'API 57*-7)*)*)1+
1) $onsider !"e possibili!y of CMI d%e !o leaking s!eam !ra$ing ) 2) no!ify !"e man!enan$e and %!li!ies gro%ps !o a possobleleak in !"e s!eam !ra$ing ) .) no! orry abo%! i! @sin$e i! is only a!er) *) Consider i! a non iss%e based similar ser#i$e of nearby piping sys!ems 92) "en !aking T on elbos "a! are !"e areas of spe$ial a!!en!ion 1. in !"e BAS of bo!" elds. ( API 570-5)4)2+ 2. /%!side radi%s only) 3. A! all fo%r %adran!s) 4. Inside and o%!side radii) 9*) T"e !able belo s"os !"e years of opera!ion and $orresponding all
!"i$kness of a Class 1 piping sys!em) Years of Operation 0 3 4
Wall Thickness 0.455 inch (11.6 mm) 0.420 inch (10.7 mm) 0.415 inch ( 10.5 mm)
8or a minim%m re%ired !"i$kness of 0).(0 in$" ' 9)452 mm+ @ !"e s"or!es! remaining life of !"e piping sys!em is & 1) 2) .) *)
1)75 years) .)5 years) 5 years) 7 years)
95) !"e %id in a pro$ess is $"anged @ "i$" res%l!s in !"e piping sys!em being
re$lassied as a Class 1 piping sys!em ) T"e pre#io%s !"i$kness meas%remen! in!er#al as 4 years) Oi#en !"e folloing& •
eas%red !"i$kness & 0)2*0 in$") 10
API 570 DEC 2009 Closed book =e%ired !"i$kness & 0)192 in$") An!i$ipa!ed $orrosion ra!e based on similar ser#i$e & 0)00( in$" per year) If =3I is no! $onsidered @ "a! s"o%ld !"e ne !"i$kness meas%remen! in!er#al be6 • •
1) . years) 2) 5 years) .) 4 years) *) 10 years) 94) A piping $ir$%i! $on!aining "ydro$arbons is lo$a!ed i!"in !"e bo%ndary limi!s of an opera!ing %ni!) T"e "ydro$arbons@ if released@ o%ld e#apora!e sloly) A$$ording !o API s!andard 570@ "a! $lassi$a!ion s"o%ld !"is piping re$ei#e6 1) Class 1) 'API 570- 4).)*).+
2) Class 2) .) Class .) *) A%iliary) 97) If an area of piping is obser#ed !o be de!eriora!ing& 'API 57*- 7)*+
1) A $orrosion engineer m%s! be $ons%l!ed !o de!ermine !"e $a%se of !"e problem) 2) T"e piping dons!ream and %ps!ream of !"is area @ along i!" !"e asso$ia!ed e%ipmen! @ s"o%ld also be inspe$!ed) .) T"e oner %ser m%s! be $ons%l!ed in order !o mi!iga!e !"e problem) *) T"e piping dons!ream of !"is area@ along i!" !"e asso$ia!ed e%ipmen!@ s"o%ld also be inspe$!ed) 9() A piping sys!em "as an ass%med $orrosion ra!e of 0)010 in$" per year) An inspe$!ion s"os an a$!%al s"or! !erm $orrosion ra!e of 0)021 in$" per year )T"e proper $o%rse of a$!ion o%ld be !o& 1) Pla$e $orrosion !abs of a knon like ma!erial and !"i$kness in!o !"e
