Mass Balance of Ammonia production from methane and steamFull description
Ammonia plant designFull description
Full description
Experiment 8
1.0 Introduction
The wastewater is created when the water is spent or used with dissolved or suspended solids also discharged from communities, homes, industrial, homes, commercial establishments, and farms. According to Sincero et all in their writing, wastewater are divided into two categories which are sanitary and non-sanitary wastewater or called also as sanitary sewage. The sanitary wastewaters are wastewaters that have been contaminated with human wastes.
. 2.0 Objective The main goal of this experiment is to determine ammonia-nitrogen as well as nitratenitrogen in the sample water (tempurung cave
1. 25 mL mixing graduated cylinder was was filled to the 25 mL mark with standard 2. Another 25 mL of graduated cylinder was filled with deionised water 3. Three drops of mineral stabilizer were added to each cylinder .Each .Each cylinder was inverted for a several times 4. Three drops of polyvinyl alcohol dispersing agent were added to each cylinder . 5. 1.0 mL of Nessler reagent was pippeted into each cylinder 6. The soft key under start timer was pressed. A 1 minute reaction period begun. 7. Each solution was poured into 10 mL sample cell 8. The blank was placed into the cell holder when the ti me beeps 9. The soft key under zero was pressed and the di splay will show 0.000 mg/I N NH 3 10. The prepared sample was placed into cell holder. Result in mg/I ammonia expressed as nitrogen was displayed
5.0 Results
Solution Blank Standard Sample A Sample B (Duplicate) Table 5.1 : Reading of sample
Reading (mg/L) 0.00 0.99 0.54 0.55
NH3-N (mg/L) = NH3-N (value from spectrophotometer) Solution Blank Standard Sample A Sample B (Duplicate)
7.0 Conclusion The ammonia nitrate in wastewater in different form, depends in the source which come from. Beside,Toxicity increases as pH decreases and as temperature decreases.
8.0 Question
1. Identify the sources of ammonia in water and waste water ? Ammonia gets into water supplies most frequently as runoff i n agricultural areas where it is applied as fertilizer and it easily finds its way into underground aquifers from animal feedlot runoff. Ammonia itself is not often found in well water because bacteria in the soil convert it to nitrates.
2. Are there alternative methods for determining ammonia in wastewater ? Can be determined by using the electrode method (Std Methods 4500 D or E). The phenate method is used if interferences are suspected (USEPA 350.1, Std Methods 4500G). Other methods include titration, Nesslerization, or ion chromatography.
Why we monitor nitrogen in waste water treatment plant? A wastewater treatment treatment plant’s objective is commonly the removal of nitrogen, nitrogen, a nutrient
notorious for causing eutrophication in natural surface waters. High levels of nitrate in the environment can pose pose problems for both humans humans and animals. animals. According to the The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) requires nitrate be below 10 ppm to be safe for human consumption. Nitrate exceeding 30 ppm can cause tremendous stress on human health as well as that of aquatic species. Nitrogen often enters the environment as ammonia, which is quickly oxidized to nitrate. The nitrate then creates an oxygen demand, resulting in low dissolved oxygen in surface waters.
3. What are the typical ammonia values in wastewater? less than 6mg/litre
9.0 References
. Clark J. W. and Viessman W. (2002) Water Supply and Pollution Control . International Textbook Company. pp. 387 –390. Hyland. Environmental Science. 3rd Ed. Living within the System of Nature. Prentice Hall. Englewood Cliffs, NJ. 1993. p. 342.. European Standard EN 1899-2-March 1998, Determination of biochemical demand after n days. Part 2: method for undiluted sample (ISO 5815:1989, modified)
Sincero, A. P., & Sincero, G. A. (2003). Physical-chemical treatment of water and wastewater. IWA Publishing.
