American Society for Learners

AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR LEARNERS

Conversational Telugu Prepared Specially for my Favt Actress SAMANTHA

INDEX

Conversational Telugu

Topic

Page No.

Cycles and Drills 1-8 Nouns Pronouns Possession the verb ‘to be’ Questions Fruit classification Cycles and Drills 9-15

1-14 15-18 15 16 16 18 18 19-27

Grammar Notes Post-positions Adjectives use of ‘ma’ use of ‘untundi’

28-29 28 28 29 29

Supplements

30-37

geography

Prepared specially for my Favt Actress “SAMANTHA”

30

Page 2

PRONUNCIATION GUIDE


The following symbols represent the sounds of colloquial Telugu. Most of them are similar to sounds we use in English and are therefore easy to use. You should take special note of the two diagrammed sets of sounds in Telugu which are either used differently in English or not used at all.

Vowel Sounds Telugu Sound

English Equivalent

a

but

a

father

i

bit

i

seat

u

put

u

b oot

e

pet

e

fate

o o

fold token


Page 3

Conversational Telugu Consonant Sounds k

ticker

kh

camel

g

game

gh

tag her (pronounce together

c

stitcher

ch

church

j

ju mp

jh quickly)

large house (pronounce

quickly)

together

Consonant Sounds (cont’d)

t

wrote

th

taught

d

daunt

dh

scole her

t

f eet

th

teach

d

d e at

dh

le ad h e r

n

n e at

n

lawn

y

year


Page 4

r


see diagram

l

le ad

l

see diagram

v

midway between ‘v’ and

b

b ag

bh

d rab h ill

p

lap

f

fore

s

search

sh

shiver

h

h e ad

‘w’

Be sure to differentiate sounds with and without and ‘h’ after them. Strike a match and hold it in front of your mouth. When you say ‘th’, ‘dh’, ‘th’, ‘dh’, ‘gh’, ‘kh’, ‘bh’, the flame should go out or almost go out. When you say ‘t’, ‘d’, ‘t’, ‘d’, ‘g’, ‘k’, ‘b’, ‘p’ the flame should hardly weaver at all. When you say ‘hear’ you blow out a puff of air; try to avoid that puff of air when you pronounce ‘t’, ‘d’, ‘k’, ‘p’, etc.


Page 5

Conversational Telugu CYCLE 1 – ‘IDI’ ‘IDI’ means this. It should be pronounced as “IDHI” Statement in Telugu

Respective phrase in english

Idi aratipandu Idi Aranji

This is banana This is an Orange

Idi Mirapakaya

This is a Chilli

Idi Bangala dumpa Idi Ullipaya

This is a Potato This is an Onion

Using it in interrogative form Statement in Telugu


Idi emiti? Idi emiti?

What is this? What is this?

Idi aratipandu

This is a banana

Idi emiti? Idi aranji Idi emiti?

What is this? This is an Orange What is this?

idi mirapakaya

This is chilli

CYCLE 2- ADI & KAADU “Adi” means “That” and it should be pronounced as “ADHI” “Kaadu” means “not” and it should be pronounced as “KAADHU” M1.

Statement in telugu

Respective Phrase in English

adi aratipandu kaadu Aranji kaadu

That is not a banana That is not an Orange

Mirapakaya kaadhu Bangala dumpa kaadu Ullipaya kaadu

That is not Chilli That is not a Potato That is not an Onion


Page 6

Conversational Telugu M2.

M3.

Statement in telugu


Adi Mirapakaya Adi Bangala dumpa

That is Chilli That is a potato

Adi Ullipaya Adi aratipandu

That is an Onion That is a Banana

Statement in telugu


Adi aratipanda? Adi Aranjia? Adi Mirapaka? Adi Bangala dumpa? Adi Ullipaya?

Is that a banana? Is that an Orange? Is that Chilli? Is that a Potato? Is that an Onion?

Usage of Adi & Kaadu in an interactive way

C1 .

Statement in telugu


Adi Aratipanda? Kaadhu, adi Aratipandu kaadhu. Adi Aratipanda? Avunu Aratipandu

Is that a Banana? No, that is not a Banana? Is that a Banana? Yes, that is a Banana

DRILL FOR CYCLES 1 & 2 Substitution Drill Fill in the blanks under the column “statement in telugu” Statement in Telugu

___ Aratipanda? ___ Aranjia? ___ Mirapakaya? ___ Bangala dumpa? ___Ullipaya?


Is that a Banana? Is that an Orange? Is that chilli? Is that a Potato? Is that an Onion?


Page 7

Conversational Telugu USE OF WORD KAADHAA Here the word “Kaadhaa?” means “Isn’t it?” Statement in Telugu

Idi Aratipandu Kaadhaaa? Idi Aranji Kaadhaaa? Idi Mirapakaya Kaadhaa? Idi Ullipaya Kaadhaa?


This is a Banana isn’t it? This is an Orange isn’t it? This is Chilli, isn't it? This is an Onion isn't it?

CONVERSATION DRILL

Statement in Telugu


Idi Aratipanda? 1 Kaadu, idi Aratipandu kaadu. Idi emiti? 2 Idi Aranji. Adi Aratipandu kaadhaa?

Is that a Banana? No, this isn’t a Banana. What is this? This is an Orange. That is a Banana, isn’t it?

3

Kaadhu. Adi emiti? Adi Aranji

N o. What is this? That is an Orange.

CYCLE -3 USAGE OF ADI/IDI Statement in Telugu

Adi /Idi Adi /Idi Adi /Idi Adi /Idi Adi /Idi Adi /Idi Adi /Idi Adi /Idi

Magavadu Adadi Pillavadu Adapillla Bidda Ramudu Sit a Gopaludu


That /This That /This That /This That /This That /This That /This That /This That /This


is a M an is a Woman is a Boy is a Girl is a Baby is Ramudu is Sit a is Gopal Page 8

Adi /Idi Kamala


That /This is Kamala

USAGE OF EVARU Here the word “EVARU” means “WHO” Statement in Telugu

Adi Evaru? Idi Evaru?


Who is that? Who is this?

conversation Statement in Telugu

Adi evaru? Adi adadi.


Who is that? That is a Woman.

conversation Statement in Telugu

Idi Evaru? Idi magavadu.


Who is this? This is a man

DRILL FOR CYCLE 3: USAGE OF ATHANU & ITHANU Here Athanu means “ HE/THAT”. Athanu should be used for masculine gender. Here Ithanu means “ HE/ THIS”. Ithanu should be used for masculine gender. Statement in Telugu


Itanu Magavada? Atanu Pillavada?

Is he ( is this) a man? Is he (is that) a boy?

Atanu Ramuda?

Is he (is that) Ramu? Is he (is that) Gopal?

Atanu Gopaluda?


Page 9

Conversational Telugu USAGE OF AVIDA & IVIDA Here Avida means “ SHE/ THAT”. Athanu should be used for feminine gender. Here Ivida means “ SHE/ THIS”. Ithanu should be used for feminine gender.

Statement in Telugu


Ivida Sita? Avida Adada? Idi Adapilla?

Is she (is this) a Sita? Is she (is that) a Woman? Is she (is this) a girl?

Adi Kamala?

Is she (is that) a Kamala?

Statement in Telugu


Itanu Magavadu Kaadhaa? Atanu Pillavadu Atanu Ramudu

Is he (this) not a man? T h at is a b o y He is /That is Ramu

Atanu Gopaludu

He is/ That is Gopal

Statement in Telugu

Ivida Adadi Kaadhaa? Avida Adipilla kaadhaa?

Statement in Telugu M1. Itanu Oka raitu

Itanu Oka Pantulu (Pantulamma) Itanu Oka Americanu Itanu Oka Indiyanu Itanu Oka P.C. Sevakudu Itanu oka Vidyardhi

Respective phrase in English

Is she (this) not a woman? Is she (that) not a girl?


He (this) is a farmer. He (this) is a Teacher. He (this) is a American. He (this) is a Indian. He (this) is a P.C. trainee. He (this) is a Student

Statement in Telugu


M2.

Who is he (this)?

Itanu evaru?


Page 10


In an interactive way Statement in Telugu


C1 .

Who is he (This) He is a farmer.

Itanu evaru? Itanu oka raitu.

Substitution Drill Statement in Telugu

Fill in the blanks

Ivida raitu Kaadhu.

She (this) is not a farmer.

Avida Pantulamma kaadhu

________ (this)____Teacher.

Sita American kaadhu Kamala Indian kaadhu Idi Vidyardhi kaadhu

Sit a Kamala Sh e

American. Indian Student.

CYCLE 5-USAGE OF NENU Here Nenu means I AM Statement in Telugu

Nenu raitu (ni) Nenu Pantuluni Neu Amerikanni Nenu Indiyanni Nenu Magavadini Nenu Adadani

Statement in Telugu

Miru Evaru? Nenu oka raitu (ni)


I am a f arme r I am a teacher I am an American. I am an Indian I am a man I am a woman


Who are you? I am a f arme r.

Nuvvu means “YOU” MIRU means “YOU” or to refer “YOU PPL”. Prepared specially for my Favt Actress “SAMANTHA”

Page 11


MIRU will be used against single person to show respect and it can be used if you are addressing two or more ppl

Drill for cycle 5 Statement in Telugu

Miru raitulu Miru Pantulu Miru Amerikanu Miru Magavallu

Fill in the blanks

Nuvvu Raituvi Nuvvu Pantuluvi Nuvvu Amerikanvi Nuvvu Magavadivi

Statement in Telugu

Nenu Evaru? Ivida Evaru? Avida Evaru? Itanu Evaru? Atanu Evaru? Memu Evaru? Manamu Evaru? Villu Evaru? Vallu Evaru? Nuvvu Evaru? Miru Evaru?

you are a__________ you are a__________ you are a__________ you are a__________

Fill in the blanks

Who ami i? ________she (this)? ___________she (that)? _________he (this)? _________he (that)? _________we? __________we ? __________they ? _________they (that)? __________you ? __________You ?

Conservation Drill Statement in Telugu

Miru pantulu gara? Kaadhu. Nenu pantuluni kaadhu Miru evaru? Nenu oka raituni


Are you a teacher? No, I am not a teacher. Who are you? I am a f arme r.


Page 12


CYCLE 6 USAGE OF MI, NI & NA NI means YOURS, NA means MY/MINE based on the situation. MI is exactly like “NEENGAL/UNGAL” in tamil

Statement in Telugu


Na peru_______________________ Mi peru _______________________

My name is _______________________ Your (honour) name is _______________

Ni peru_______________________ Mi (ni) peru emiti? Na peru emiti? Mi (ni) peru emiti? Na peru_______________________ Na peru emiti? Mi (ni) peru_____________________

Your name is___________________ What is your name? What is my name? What is your name? My name is_______________________ What is my name? Your name is_______________________

CYCLE 7- USAGE OF EVARI Evaru means Who and “Evari” means “Whose” Statement in Telugu


Idi evari Kutumbham? Idi Evari Illu?

Whose Family is this? Whose House is this?

Itanu Evari Koduku? Itanu Evari Naanna? Ime Evari Amma? Ivida Evari Kuthuru?

whose Son is this/he? Whose father is this/He? Whose mother is this/She? Whose Daughter is she/ This?

Ime Evari Bhaarya

Whose Wife is she/ This?


Page 13

Conversational Telugu Conversational drill Statement in Telugu


idi evari kutumbam? Idi Raamudi kutumbham

Whose family is this? This is Ramudu’s family.

itanu evari koduku? (idi; kuturu) itanu Ramudi Koduku Itani peru emiti? (dini) itani peru Gopaludu (dini; Kamala)

Whose son is this? This is Ramudu’s son. What’s his (this) name. His name is Gopaludu.

Completion Drill

Ramudi

koduku

gopaludu

Ramudi

kuturu

Kamala

Ramudi

amma

Ramudi

1.

Ramayya’s

son is

Gopaludu

_______

daughter

Kamala

Venkamma

________

mother

Venkamma

nanna

Pullayya

_______

father

Pullayya

Ramudi

Bhaarya

Sit a

________

wife

Sit a

Sit a

koduku

Gopaludu

Sit a

kuturu

Kamala

daughter Kamala

Sit a

amma

____________

mother

____________

Sita

nanna

____________

father

____________

Sit a

Bartha

Ramudu

husband

Ram

2.

Sita’s

so n i s

Gopal

CYCLE 8 Statement in Telugu

Idi na pnecil Idi mi pencil



This is my pencil This is your pencil

Page 14

Idi athani pencil


This is his pencil

USAGE OF WORD IVI & AVI IVI means “these” and “AVI” means “those”. Statement in Telugu


Ivi Annee Naa pencils Ivi mi pencils

All these are my pencils These pencils are yours

Ivi athani pencil Ivi avida pencils

These are his pencils These are her pencils

Statement in Telugu


Ivi evari pencils? Ivi Na pencils

Whose pencils are these? These are my pencils

Statement in Telugu


Ivi evari pencils? Ivi mi pencils

Whose pencils are these? These are your pencils

USAGE OF WORD IKKADA & AKKADA IKKADA means HERE AKKADA means THERE Undi is used for singular and UNNAI is used for plural IKKADA

OKA

AKKADA RENDU

Pencil Undi

Here is

on e

Pencil.

Pencils Unnai

T h e re are

two

Pencils.

MOODU

three

NAALUGU

f ou r

AIDU

five

AARU

six

AE D U

seven

ENIMIDHI

eight


Page 15


TOMMIDHI PADHI

n in e t en

GRAMMAR NOTES No u n s : Nouns are either masculine, feminine or neuter. Eg:-

magavadu (m) man Adadi (f) woman

All other nouns both animate and inanimate are neuter. Eg:-

aratipandu (n) Banana Peru (n) name Aavu (n) cow.

Pronouns: Personal pronouns ‘he’, ‘she’, ‘it’ and ‘they’ have 2 forms: Itanu Ivida

refer to persons and objects clots to the speaker

Idi

eg:-

this he (itanu),

this she (ivida, ime)

V e e llu Ime Where as Atanu Avida

refer to persons and objects at a distance from the speaker

Ad i

eg:- that he (atanu), that she (avida, ame)

V aallu Ame The personal pronoun ‘we’ has 2 forms: ‘memu’ is exclusive, i.e. it doesn’t include all persons spoken to. ‘manamu’ is inclusive, i.e. it includes all persons spoken to. The personal pronoun ‘you’ has 2 forms: Prepared specially for my Favt Actress “SAMANTHA”

Page 16


‘nuvvu’ is used when talking to servants, children and very close friends. Initially should be use even with friends. In the same way veera/vaara are often substituted for itanu/atanu or ivida/avida (ime/ame) to show increased respect. Vaadu (he) and idi/adi. (she) are more familiar forms of itanu/atanu and ivida/avida (ime/ame).

Possession: Possession is expressed by adding /-i/ to singular nouns and /-a/ to plural nouns. Eg:- Ramudi kutumbam,

Ramudu’s family.

If a noun ends in /-a/ it is not changed. Forms of the pronoun used to show possession are as follows: I you (fam) he she (ime/ame) it, she we (excl) we (incl) you (resp) t h ey

nenu nuvvu itanu/atanu ivida/avida idi/adi me mu man amu miru veellu/vaallu

na ni atani/atani ivida/avida (ime, ame) dini/dani ma man a mi veella/vaalla

my your (fam) h er h er its, her our (excl) our (incl) you (resp) t h e ir

Note:- possessive pronouns end in either /-a/ or /-i/ eg:-

‘itani peru/ his name ‘veella kutumbam’ their family.

In sentences of the type: idi atanidi T h is is h is idi Ramudidi This is Ramudu’s Ivi atanivi These are his Ivi Ramudivi These are Ramudu’s /--di/ is added to the possessive ending when the subject of the sentence is singular, and /-vi/ is added to the possessive ending when the subject of the sentence is plural. The verb ‘to be’ In the present tense, forms of the verb ‘to be’ are not used in positive sentences of identification and description. Eg:- idi aratipandu, This is Banana. However some form of the verb ‘to be’ must be used in sentences of location and existence. Prepared specially for my Favt Actress “SAMANTHA”

Page 17

Conversational Telugu Eg:-

Here is a pencil Ikkaadhaa pencil undi Here are pencils ikkaadhaa pencils unnai It is hot vediga undi ‘undi’ is the neuter singular form of the present tense of the verb ‘to be’ ‘unnai’ s the neuter plural form of the present tense of the verb ‘to be’

Grammar Notes (cont’d) Questions:Questions are formed in 2 ways” 1. Use of a question word. Eg:- idi emiti? What is this? Idi evaru? Who is this? This question word usually comes at the end of the sentence but before the verb. 2. Without a question word. Eg:- idi aratipanda? Is this a banana? Aratipandu kaadhaa? This is a banana, isn’t it? Note:- Intonation and stress also differentiate questions from statements. Be sure to carefully mimic the stress and intonation of your instructor’s voice. In Andhra Pradesh fruits and /-pandu/ when they are ripe and /-kaya/ when they are unripe and cooked as vegetables. In the following sentences: Here is one person Ikkada okkadu unnadu. Here are 2 people ikkada iddaru unnaru. ‘unnaadu’ is the masculine singular form of the present tense of the verb ‘to be’ ‘unnaru’ is the masculine plural form of the present tense of the verb ‘to be’ ‘undi’ is the feminine singular f o rm. ‘unnaaru’ is the feminine plural form. The verb ending must always agree with the gender (i.e. m, f, n) and number (i.e. sing, pl.) of the subject of the sentence. The negative form of the verb ‘to be’ does not change for gender and number in the present tense but it is used differently in sentences of identification and in sentences of location, description and existence. Eg:-

This is not a banana. This is not a man The pencil isn’t here

Idi aratipandu kaadhu idi magavadu kaadhu ikkada pencil ledu


Page 18

The tomato isn’t red It isn’t hot

Conversational Telugu tomato erraga ledu vediga ledu

Kaadhu is used in negative sentences of identification to negative the noun. Ledu is used in negative sentences of location, description and existence to negate the verb. The following are the forms of the positive present tense of the verb ‘to be’. unnaanu unnaavu unnaadu undi unnaamu unnaa(y)i

I am you are (fam) h e is she it is you (resp), they (m & f) are they are (n)

In Telugu the verb ‘to be’ usually comes at the end of the sentence.

CYCLE-9 M2.

M2.

M2.

Statement in Telugu


Na peru____________________ Ma amma peru________________ Ma nanna peru________________ Ma akka(yya) peru______________ Ma chelli peru___________________ Ma anna peru_________________ Ma tammudu peru_______________

My name is____________________ My mother’s name is____________________ My father’s name is____________________ my elder sister’s name is__________________ my younger sister’s name_________________ my elder brother’s name is________________ my younger brother’s name is______________

Statement in telugu


Mi peru emiti? Mi Amma peru emiti? Mi naanna peru emiti? Mi Akka peru emiti? Mi Chelli peru emiti? Mi Anna peru emiti? Mi Tammudi peru emiti?

What is your name? What is your Mother’s name? What is your father’s name? What is your Sister’s name? What is your Sister’s name? What is your elder brother’s name? What is your Younger brother’s name?

Statement in Telugu


Magavaadu ikkada Vunnadu Aadadi ikkada undi

The man is here The woman is here


Page 19


Magavaadu Akkada vunnadu Adadi Akkada undi

The man is there The woman is there

U SA G E OF EK K A D A EKKADA means WHERE Statement in Telugu


Magavaadu ekkada Vunnadu? Aadadi ekkada Undhi

Where is the man? Where is the woman

ABOUT COLORS;

English RE D BLUE GREEN WHITE YELLOW BLACK

Telugu ERUPU NEELAM PACCHA TELUPU PASUPU NALUPU

1. Tomato is Red?  Tomato pandu Erupu 2. Banana is yellow  Aratipandu Pasupu 3. Onion is White Vullipaaya Telupu

CYCLE-10 Ivvala means today M2.

Statement in telugu


Ivvala Vediga Vundi Ivvala Challaga Vundi Ivvala Mabbuga Vundi Ivvala Varhsham ga vundi

It’s HOT TODAY It’s Cool today Its Cloudy today Its Rainy Today

Telugu word Vediga Challaga

Meaning HOT Cool


Page 20

Mabbuga

CLOUDY

Varshamga

Rainy

SEASONS Telugu word Endaa kaalam Varshaa kaalam Chali kaalam

Meaning Summer Rainy Winter


Grammar Notes Post Positions:1. In English prepositions are used to describe possession location and time, but in Telugu, postpositions are used to describe… ie. Words like ‘into’ ‘on’ ‘to’ follow the (pro)noun rather than precede it. Eg:-

when we added /-a/ and /-i/ to pronouns and /-a/ to nouns to form the possessive we were using one kind of postposition. ‘Ramayya kutumbam’ (Ramudu’s family), when translated as ‘the family of Ramudu’ illustrates the difference in English prepositions and Telugu postpositions. ‘Of’ comes before Ramudu but /-a/ comes after Ramayy.

2. Postpositions are directly added to their related nouns Eg:gudiseelo

in the hut

gudiselopala

inside the hut

gudiseeduruga

in front of the hut

gudisekinda

under the hut

3. When postpositions are added to pronouns the objective form of the pronoun is used. n anuatanavidd aPrepared specially for my Favt Actress “SAMANTHA”

me you (fam) h im h er it Page 21


ma- (excl), man- (incl) mivallaamiime -

us you t h em that t h is

Adjectives When adjectives are used in ‘to be’ sentences of description and existence, /-ga/ is usually added to them. Eg:-

nimmakaya pullaga undi The lime is sour Vediga undi It is not.

Grammar Notes (cont’d)

C.

In Cycle 9, note the use of ma in ‘ma amma peru’ (my mother’s name). It is the custom in Andhra Pradesh to use ma (our) instead of na (my) to refer to members of the joint family.

D.

In cycle 14, ‘untundi’ is used instead of ‘undi’ to denote a general condition. ‘untundi’ is an habitual and future form of the verb ‘to be’.

Eg:-

endaakaalamlo vediga untundi It is (unusually) hot in the summer.


Page 22

Conversational Telugu Section – B Cycles and Drills 1-12

--------------------------------

38-62

Grammar Notes

--------------------------------

63-65

Verb stems

--------------------------------

63

the present future tense

--------------------------------

63

t ime

--------------------------------

64

past participle

--------------------------------

64

postposition ‘gurinchi’

--------------------------------

65

present progressive tense

--------------------------------

65

Cycles and Drills 13-15

--------------------------------

66-72

Grammar Notes

--------------------------------

73-75

Verbal noun+

--------------------------------

73

impersonal constructions

--------------------------------

73

want to ….

--------------------------------

74

should … ‘or’ I have to

--------------------------------

75

Supplements

--------------------------------

76-92

what Rama and Sita do all day

--------------------------------

76

addition to daily routine

--------------------------------

80

expansion drill and questions

--------------------------------

81-84

shaving

--------------------------------

81

working in the field

--------------------------------

82

going to the bazaar

--------------------------------

83

eating ‘lunch’

--------------------------------

84

making rice

--------------------------------

85

on the day of a fair

--------------------------------

87

slides of the market

--------------------------------

89

bringing things from the bazaar

--------------------------------

91


Page 23

Conversational Telugu CYCLE-1 TELLAVAARI means MORNING M3.

Statement in Telugu


Tellavaari Ramudu lestaadu Tellavaari Ramudu Coffee Taagutaadu Tellavaari Ramudu Snaanam chestaadu

In the MORNING Rama Gets up In the Morning Rama Drinks Coffee In the Morning Rama takes Bath

Meanings Telugu word Lestaadu Taagutaadu Snaanam Chestaadu

Meaning Wake up Drinks Takes bath

M2.

Tellavaari Ramudu em chestadu?

M2. What does Ramudu do in the morning?

C1 .

Tellavaari Ramudu em chestadu?

C1 .

Tellavaari Ramudu lestadu?

M1. Madhyanam Ramudu Bhojnam cestadu

What does Ramudu do in the morning? In the morning Ramudu gets up.

M1. In the afternoon

taruvata atanu vishranti tisukuntaadu

eats dinner.

Then he takes rest

pani chestadu

works

sayantram bhojnam cestadu

In the evening

eats dinner

taruvata snehitulato matladataadu

then

talks with friends

taruvata nidra potadu

then

goes to sleep

M2. Madhyanam Ramudu em cestaadu?

M2. What does Rama do in the afternoon?

Sayantram? C1.

Rama

Madhyanam Ramudu em chestaadu?

evening? C1.


What does Rama do in the afternoon?

Page 24


bhojnam chestadu C2 .

In the afternoon Rama eats dinner.

tarvata atanu em chestadu?

C2.

visranti tisukuntaadu

Then what does he do? Then he takes rest.

(Responses as above) C3.

Sayantram Ramudu em chestadu?

C3.

What does Rama do in the evening?

bhojnam cestadu

In the evening Rama eats dinner.

tarvata atanu snehitulato matladataadu

Then he talks with friends

Drills for Cycles 1 & 2 Substitution Drill I. Ramu

Poddunne

levadu

I. He

doesn’t get up

in the

mo rn in g

sita

madhyanam ‘tea’ taagadu

Sh e

Doesn’t drink tea

afternoon

nenu

rat ri

tiffin tinanu

I

Didn’t

eat breakfast

night

me mu rat ri

pani cheyamu

we

Didn’t

work

varu

chadavaru

they Doesn’t study

rat ri

Expansion Drill II.

modata nenu lestanu

II.

First I get up

tarvata snanam chestanu

Then I take a bath

tarvata bhojnam chestanu

Then I eat breakfast

chirvara ‘class ki’ veltaanu

Finally I go to class


Page 25


C1 .

onti ganta

okatinnara

rendugantalu

rendunnara

2

2 :3 0

mudugantalu

mudunnara

3

3 :3 0

nalugugantalu

nalgunnara

4

4 :3 0

aidugantalu

aidunnara

5

5 :3 0

arugantalu

arunnara

6

6 :3 0

edugantalu

edunnara

7

7 :3 0

enimidigantalu

enimidinnara

8

8 :3 0

tommidigantalu

tommidinnara

9

9 :3 0

padigantalu

padinnara

10

1 0 :3 0

padakondugantalu padakondnara

11

1 1 :3 0

pannendugantalu

pannendunnara

12

1 2 :3 0

okatimpav

okatimppav

1 :1 5

1 :4 5

rendumpav

rendumuppav

2 :1 5

2 :4 5

mudumpav

mudumuppav

3 :1 5

3 :4 5

nalugumpav

nalugumuppav

4 :1 5

4 :4 5

aidumpav

aidumuppav

5 :1 5

5 :4 5

aru mp av

arumuppav

6 :1 5

6 :4 5

edumpav

edumuppav

7 :1 5

7 :4 5

enimidimpav

enimidimuppav

8 :1 5

8 :4 5

tommidimpav

tommidimuppav

9 :1 5

9 :4 5

padimpav

padimuppav

1 0 :1 5

1 0 :4 5

padakondumpav

padakondumuppav

1 1 :1 5

1 1 :4 5

pannendumpav

pannendumuppav

1 2 :1 5

1 2 :4 5

samayam enni gantalu?

M1.

C1 .

rendu gantalu Prepared specially for my Favt Actress “SAMANTHA”

It is

1

o’ clock

1 :3 0

samayam enni gantalu? It is 2 o’clock Page 26

Conversational Telugu Cycle 4

M1.

Poddunne

madhyanam

sayantram

rat ri

aru

gantalki

Sit a

ginnelu tomutundi

ed u

tiffinu cestundi

e n imid i

illu subhram cestundi

tommidi

battalu utukutundi

p ad i

snanam cestundi

padakondu

vanta cestundi

okati

puja cestundi

rendu

bhojnam cestundi

mu d u

pani modalu pedutundi

aid u

pani purti cestundi

aru

totaku nillu pedutundi

p ad i

nidra potundi

M2.

Sita eppudu ginnelu tomutundi

C1 .

Sita eppudu ginnelu tomuntundi? Sita poddune aru gantalki ginnelu tomutundi


Page 27

Conversational Telugu Cycle 4 M1.

In the Morning at

In the afternoon at

6 o’clock

Sit a

Cleans vessels

7

Makes breakfast

8

cleans the house

9

washes clothes

10

takes bath

11

cooks

1 o’clok

Sit a

d o e s p u ja

2

eats lunch

3

starts work

5

finishes work

6

waters the garden

10

goes to sleep

M2.

When does Sita clean Vessels?

C1 .

When does Sita clean vessels? In the morning at 6 o’clock Sita cleans vessels.


Page 28

Conversational Telugu Drill for Cycles 3 & 4 Substitution Drill atanu

ginnelu kaadhaagadu

he

ame

‘tiffin’ cheyadu

she

make breakfast

miru

illu subram cheyaru

You

clean the house

nenu

battalu utakanu

I

wash clothes

me mu

snanam cheyamu

We

take bath

vaaru

vanta cheyaru

T h ey

cook

I.

II.

clean vessels

puja cheyaru

d o p u ja

bhojnam cheyaru

eat lunch

pani modalu pettaru

start work

pani purti cheyaru

finish work

totaku nellu poyaru (pettaru)

water the garden

nidra poru

go to sleep

Nenu

You

doesn’t

ginnelu kadgutanu

clean

vessels

battalu utukutanu

wash

clothes

snanam cestanu

take

bath

illu subhram cestanu

clean

the house

vanta cestanu

cook

puja cestanu

do

p u ja

bhojnam cestanu

e at

lunch

pani modalu pedtanu

start

work

pani purti cestanu

finish

work

totaku nillu pedtanu

water

nidra potanu

go

the garden to sleep

clean

vessels

patralu kaadhugutaru

I.

II.


I

You

Page 29


battalu utukutaru

wash

clothes

snanam cestaru

take

bath

Cycle 5 M1.

Poddunne

Ramudu

Polamku veltaru

appudappudu gopal Ramudu, gopal Poddunne

Polamku veltadu kalasi

Sit a

bajarku veltundi

appudappudu Kamala Sita, Kamala Madhyanam

Madhyanam

M 2.

Poddunne

bajarku veltundi kalasi

Ramudu

Poddunne

bajarku veltundi Polam nundi vastadu

Gopal

atanito

polam nundi vastadu

Ramudu, Gopal

Kalasi

polam nundi vastaru

Sit a

bajar nundi vastundi

Kamala

avidao bajar nundi vastundi

Sita, Kamala

Kalasi

bajar nundi vastaru

Ramudu

ekkadiki

veltadu?

Sit a

C1.

Polamku veltaru

Ramudu

Veltundi?

ekkadiki

veltaadu?

Polamku


Page 30


Cycle 5 M1.

In the morning

Ramudu

goes to the field.

Sometimes

Gopal

goes to the field

Rama and Gopal

go to the field together

In the morning

Sit a

goes to the bazaar

Sometimes

Kamala

goes to the bazaar

Sita and Kamala

go to the bazaar together

In the afternoon

Rama

comes from the field

In the afternoon

Gopal

comes from the field with him.

Ramudu and Gopal

come from the field together

Sit a

comes from the bazaar

Kamala

comes from the bazaar with her.

Sita and Kamala

come from the bazaar together

Rama

go in the morning

In the afternoon

M2.

Where does

Sit a

C1 .

where does

Rama

go in the morning

In the morning

Rama

goes to the field.


Page 31


Cycle 6 M1.

M2.

C1 .

poddunne

nenu

Class ki

veltanu

taruvata

nenu

polaniki

veltanu

madhyanam

nenu

polam nundi intiki

vastanu

taruvata bhojanam cesi

nenu

Class ki malli

veltanu

miru

epudu

Class ki

veltaru?

polaniki

veltaru?

polam nundi

vastaru?

Class ki malli

veltaru?

miru

epudu

Class ki

veltaru?

poddunne

nenu

Class ki

veltanu

(Complete answers to ‘epudu’ as above)


Page 32


M1.

In the morning I go to class Afterwards, I go the field In the afternoon I come home from the field. Later, having finished lunch, I go to class again.

M2.

When do you go to class? go to the field? come from the field? go to class?

C1 .

When do you go to class? In the morning I go to class.

(Complete answers to ‘when’ as above)

GRAMMAR NOTES A. Verb stems To from the various verb tenses of Telugu a tense ending is added to the stem of the verb and is followed by a personal ending. The verb chart lists verb stems for most of the verbs we will be using. Where past and present stems differ they are listed separately. Note:- Verb stems are sometimes slightly modified in sound when suffixes are added to them; however, verb stem usually do not change and can easily be recognized. B. The Present-future Tense. 1. formation: Positive present verb + /-ta/ + personal /-nu/ /-vu/ /-du/ /-a/ is dropped for /-undi/ Prepared specially for my Favt Actress “SAMANTHA”

endings I you (fam) he she Page 33

t h is f o rm

Conversational Telugu /-mu/ /-ru/ /-yi/

Negative infinitive form + personal endings /-nu/ /-vu/

we you (resp) they they (n+pl)

et c

2. agreement: Personal endings of both positive and negative forms must agree in gender and number with the subject of the sentence. 3. use: To express; habitual action future action Eg:‘nenu snanam cestanu’ could mean I take a both I will take a bath


Page 34

Conversational Telugu Grammar Notes (cont’d) The context of the sentence and/ or conversation will determine whether the verb implies present or future action. eg:- ‘nenu epudu ikkaadhaa pani cestanu’ I always work here ‘nenu repu ikkaadhaa pani cestanu’ I will work here tomorrow In the first sentence, ‘eppudu’ denotes habitual action In the second sentence, ‘repu’ denotes future action. C. Time In answer to the question, ‘enni gantalu’? (What time is it – how many hours are there?) eg:- ‘rendu gantalu’ (It’s 2 o’clock – the hour is 2). If however we want to answer the question ‘ enni gantalki’? (At what time – at how many hours) we must use a postposition to express ‘at’ and so must answer eg:-‘rendu gantalki’ (AT 2 o’clock – at 2 hours) D. Past Participle 1. formation past verb stem + /-i/ 2. agreement: o n e f o rm 3. use: To express an action completed before the main action of the sentence. eg:‘intiki vacci ayana bhojnam cestadu’ Having arrived home, he will eat dinner.


Page 35

Conversational Telugu Grammar Notes (cont’d) E. Postposition ‘gurinchi 1. formation: noun + gurinchi ‘about…..’ object pronoun + gurinchi…. eg:- ‘nenu india gurinchi matladatanu’ I will talk about India ‘nenu valla gurinchi matladatanu’ I will talk about them. F. The Present Progressive Tense 1. formation: Present + positive/verb stem + /-tunn/ + personal endings infinitive negative/+ /-dam/+ 2. agreement: Personal endings must agree in gender and number with the subject of the sentence. 3. Use: To express action presently going on; eg:- Ramudu polamki (v) eltunnadu Ramudu is going to the field.


Page 36


Drill for 13 & 14 Substitution Dril I.

Nenu Nenu Nenu Nenu Nenu Nenu

charitra bhasha bhojnam ‘tennis’ ‘tea’ snehitulato

chadavali chadavali cheyali ad ali tagali matladali

I.

I have to _________ ________ ________ ________ _________

study history language eat dinner play tennis d rin k t e a talk with friends

II.

naku miku

charitra _______

chadavalani undi _____________

II.

I want to You______

study history __________

ayanaku avidaku vallaku maku

_______ _______ _______ _______

_____________ _____________ _____________ _____________

He_______ She_______ They_______ We_________

__________ __________ __________ __________

nenu

charitra

chadava nakkara ledu

III.

I have not study history. to(need not) You He Sh e T h ey We

charitra

chadavalani ledu

IV.

I don’t want to You He Sh e T h ey We.

III.

miru ayana avida vallu me mu IV.

naku miku ayanku avidaku vallaku maku


study history

Page 37


taunu

velle mundu

ayanaku Sitaku avidaku vallau tanuku nundi tirigi vacche Ramuduku mundu

Ramuduku

‘tiffin’ tinalani undi

sopu

konalani undi

kurlu p allu p alu Gohum pindi biyyam M2.

tanuku velle mundu, evarki ‘tiffin’ tinalani undi? taunu nundi tirigi vacche mundu, Ramudu em konalani undi?

C1

taunu velle mundu,

evarki Ramudku

‘tiffin’ tinalani undi?

C2 .

taunu velle mundu,

inka evariki Sitaku

‘tiffin’ tinalani undi? ‘tiffin’ tinalani undi

C3 .

taununundi

tirigi vachee mudnu;

Ramuduku em konalani undi? Ramuduku sopu konalani undi.


Page 38


Before going to town;

Before returning from to town;

Cycle 14 Ramudu he Sit a she t h ey Ramudu wants to buy

M2.

Who wants to eat breakfast before going to town? What does Ramudu want to buy, before returning from town?

C1 .

Who wants to eat breakfast before going to town? Before going to town, Ramudu wants to eat breakfast.

C2 .

Who else wants to eat breakfast before going to town? Before going to town, Sita wants to eat breakfast.

C3 .

What does Ramudu want to buy before returning from town? Before returning from town, Ramudu wants to buy soap.


wants to eat breakfast

soap vegetables fruits milk wheat flour rice

Page 39

Conversational Telugu Cycle 15 M 1.

M2

Ramudku

b ajarlo

ti kottulo

vadki ti biscatlu

kurla bajarlo

kurlu

patrasaman kottulo

patralu

general storlo

sabbu migta samanlu

Ramuduku

ti kottulo

chala samanlu

dorukutai

em dorukutai?

kurla bajarlo patrasaman kottulo

C1

Ramuduku ti kottu (dukanam) lo em dorukutai? Ramuduku ti kottu ki biscatlu dorukutai.


Page 40


Ramudu

M2.

what can Ramudu get at the

C1

can get many things at the bazaar can get tea and biscuits at the tea stall can get vegetables at the vegetable stand can get utensils at the utensil shop can get soap and other things at the general store tea stall? vegetable stand utensil shop

What can Ramudu get at the tea stall? At the tea stall he can get tea and biscuits.


Page 41

Conversational Telugu GRAMMAR NOTES A. Verbal noun+mundu 1. Formation: infinitive form + /-daniki/ + mundu ‘before ing’ 2. Agreement: o n e f o rm 3. use: To express an action to be completed after the main action of the sentence. eg:‘nidra podaniki mundu nenu chaduvtanu’ Before going to sleep I read. Note:the same idea… i.e. ‘before…. ing! may be expressed by the construction past tense stem + /-e/ +mundu eg:‘nidra poye mundu nenu chaduvutanu’ Before going to sleep, I read. B. Impersonal Constructions Impersonal constrctions are fromed by interchanging the subject and object of a sentence so that the object becomes the subject and the subject becomes the agent of the verb. Eg:-

In English “I want to read” may also be expressed as “Reading (to read) is wanted by me’ In the first sentence, ‘I’ is the subject and ‘to read’ is the object. But in the second sentence ‘Reading (to read)’ is the subject and ‘(by) me’ is the agent. In Telugu. ‘naku’ chadavalani undi’ is the way Andhras say, I want to read’ The construction is impersonal. ‘naku’ (by me), the objective form of the pronoun. ‘nenu’ (I), is the agent. ‘chadavalani’ is the subject of the verb ‘to be’ ‘undi’ The literal translation is, ‘Reading (to read) is wanted by me’


Page 42

Conversational Telugu Grammar Notes (cont’d) Impersonal constructions are used frequently in Telugu. The most important things to remember about them are; 1. Where a verb with a personal ending is used, eg. ‘undi’ the ending will always be 3rd persona singular or plural, depending on whether the subject is singular or plural. 2. The noun +/-ku/ is used for a noun agent. The objective from of the pronoun +/-ku/ is used for a pronoun agent. Note the following forms of the pronoun. Subject Pronoun (Personal expression) nenu nuvvu atanu ayana avida me mu man amu miru vallu

Object Pronoun + /-ku/ - agent (impersonal expression) naku niku atanku ayanaku avidku maka manaku miku vallaku

Note:- Ramudku bajar lo chala samanlu dorukutai is another impersonal construction. ‘want to…. 1. Formation: Positive: infinitive + /-lani/

Negative infinitive + akkara ledu.

2. Agreement: o n e f o rm 3. Use: in impersonal constructions eg:- ‘naku charitra chadavalani undi’ I want to study history


naku charithra chadava akkara ledu I don’t want to stury history.

Page 43

Conversational Telugu Grammar Notes (cont’d) D.

‘should…. or ‘have to …. 1. Formation: Positive infinitive + /-all/ Negative infinitive + /-akkara ledu/ 2. Agreement: o n e f o rm 3. Use: eg:- nenu charitra chadavali I should (have to) study history nenu charitra chadava akkara ledu I should n’t (haven’t got to) study history.

Note - ‘should (have to) …. is not an impersonal construction


Page 44

Conversational Telugu What Rama and Sita do All Day 1. Sita poddunne nalugu gantalaki lestundi 2. Vakitlo nillu jalli, muggu pedutundi 3. illu anta peda nellato alukutundi 4. Ramudu poddunne aru gantalaku lestadu 5. Cheruvuku poi paliu tomukuntadu 6. Sita, Ramuduku ‘saddi (chaddi) annam’ pedtundi 7. Ramudu tintadu 8. Sita, Ramuduku bhojanam mutagatti istundi 9. Ramudu polaniki veltadu (or potadu) 10. Akkaadhaa pani chestadu 11. Sita Lakshi tala duvvutundi 12. pillaku nillu postundi 13. Pillaku palu pedtundi 14. Lakshmiki ‘chaddi annam’ pedtundi 15. Lakshmi badiki veltundi 16. Sita bhojanam chestundi 17. taruvata, Sita ginnelu tomutundi (kaadhugutundi) 18. pillanu paduko pedtundi 19. cheruvuku veltundi 20. battalu utukutundi 21. cheruvlo snanam chestundi 22. kundalo nillu tisuku veltundi 23. intiki tirigi vastundi


Page 45

Conversational Telugu What Rama and Sita Do All Day 24. pillani ettukoni, bazarki velltundi 25. biyyam, kuralu, koni tisuku vastundi 26. kuralu, kadigi tarugutundi (kostundi) 27. vanta chestundi (vandutundi) 28. taruvata inti pani chestundi 29. illu tudustundi 30. chirigina battalu kudutundi 31. pidakalu chestundi (tattutundi) 32. Lakshmi badinundi vastundi 33. snehitulato adukuntundi 34. Ramudu sayamkalam tirigi vastadu 35. snanam cestadu 36. Sita, Ramudu pillalato gudiki vellataru 37. tirigi intiki vastaru 38. Lakshmi patam chaduvutundi 39. Ramudu bhojnam chestadu 40. taruvata, Sita, Lakshmi tintaru 41. Sita pillaku palu istundi (padtundi) 42. Ratri padi gantalku andaru padukuntaru


Page 46

Conversational Telugu What Rama and Sita Do All Day 24. Carrying the child, she goes to the bazaar. 25. Brigng home rice and vegetables 26. Washes the vegetables and cuts them. 27. Does cooking 28. Then does house-hold work. 29. Sweeps the house. 30. Stitches torn cloths 31. Makes cow-dung cakes. 32. Lakshmi returns from school. 33. Plays with her friends. 34. Rama returns home in the evening 35. Bathes at the tank. 36. Sita, Rama go to the temple with their children. 37. They come home. 38. Lakshmi reads her lessons. 39. Rama eats. 40. Then Sita and Lakshmi eat. 41. Sita gives milk to the baby. 42. All of them go to sleep at 10 o’clock in the night.


Page 47

Conversational Telugu Addition to Daily Routine Supplement M1.

Amerikalo memu poddunne edu gantalaki lestamu Nidra lechi Amerikalo memu sanam chestamu P allu tomukuntamu, gaddam shavaram chesukuntam Taruvata bhojanam chestamu Taruvata paniki potamu

Kani Indiyalo vallu poddunne nalgu gantalaki lestaru Knai nidra lechi Indiyalo vall pallu tomukuntaru kafi tagutaru Taruvata tiffin tintaru Taruvata gaddam shavaram chesukuntaru Taruvata snanam chestaru Taruvata paniki potaru

Amerikalo memu madhyanam lunch tisukuntamu

Kani Indiyalo vallu madhyanam bhojanam chestaru

Taruvata malli pani chestamu

Taruvata Vishranti tisukuntaru

Taruvata intiki potamu

Taruvata Kafi tagutaru

Amerikalo memu aru gantalki bhojanam chestamu

Taruvata tiffin tintaru

Bhojanam Chesi apudappudu memu T.V. chustamu, Kani Indiyalo vallu ratri enimidi gantalaki bhojanam chestaru Memu ratri pannendu gantalaki nidra potamu

Taruvata matladataru Taruvata padi

gantalki

n id ra

potaru M2. Amerikalo pratidinam chese paniki, Indiyalo pratidinam chese paniki bhedam (teda) e mit i? Answer the Question of M2 with as many comparative statements from M1 as possible. Substitute other answer as well. When the class has mastered the daily routine of Rama and Sita, teach the above cycle, then let the students substitute as many of their own answers as possible. Then split the class in two letting one half be Indian, the other half American. The American side can begin the questioning, One person makes a statement and asks a question as follows: Prepared specially for my Favt Actress “SAMANTHA”

Page 48


Amerikalo memu poddunne edu gantalki lestamu. Andhra Pradeshlo miru epudu lestaru?

The person on the Indian side who answers the question should make another statement and ask a related question for someone on the American side to answer… etc. Try and use as many daily actions as possible.


Page 49

Conversational Telugu Expansion Drill I.

nenu shavaram chesukuntanu nenu nilla gadilo shavaram chesukuntanu nenu rejar to nillagadilo shavaram chesukutanu nenu pratiroju rejar to nilla gadilo shavaram chesukuntanu nenu bhojananiki mundu, pratiroju rejarto nillagadilo shavaram chesukuntanu I shave I shave in the bathroom I shave with a razor in the bathroom Every day I shave with a razor in the bathroom Every day I shave with a razor in the bathroom before breakfast. Questions

bhojananiki mundu, pratiroju miru em chestaru? pratiroju miru ekkaadhaa shavaram chesukuntaru? pratiroju miru denito shavaram chesukuntaru? pratiroju miru eppudu shavaram chesukuntaru? bhojananiki mundu, pratiroju mieru shavaram chesukuntara? What do you do every day before breakfast? Where do you shave every day? With what do you shave in the morning? When do you hshave every day? Do you shave every day before breakfast?


Page 50

Conversational Telugu Expansion Drill II.

nenu pani chestanu nenu polamlo pani chestanu nenu vyavasayapu panimutlato pani chestaru nenu varaniki aidu rojulu, vyavasayapu panimutlato polamlo pani chestanu. nenu klesu taruvata, varaniki aidu rojulu vyavasayapu pani mutlato polamlo pani chestanu. I work I work in the field I work with agriculture implements in the fields Five days/ week I work with agricultural implements in the fields. Five days/week I work with agricultural implements in the fields after class.

Questions klesu taruvata, varaniki aidu rojulu miru em chestaru? miru klesu taruvata ekkaadhaa pani chestaru? miru klesu taruvata denito pani chestaru? miru klesu taruvata epudu pani chestaru? varaniki aidu rojulu, klesu taruvata polamlo pani chestamu?

What do you do 5 days/week after class? Where do you work after class? With what do you work after class? Do you work five days/week after class in the fields?


Page 51

Conversational Telugu Expansion Drill III.

Vallu velletaru vallu bajarku velltaru vallu bajarku poddune velltaru vallu bajarku poddunne panimanishito velltaru Indiyalo vallu bajarku poddunne snehitulato velltaru They go They go to the bazaar They go to the bazaar early in the morning They go to the bazaar with a servant early in the morning. In India they go to the bazaar with shopping bags early in the morning. Questions

Indiyalo poddunne em chestaru? Indiyalo poddunne ekkadiki velltaru? Indiyalo bajarku eppudu velltaru? Indiyalo bajarku evarito velltaru? Indiyalo bajarku poddunne velltaru?

What do they do early in the morning in India? Where do they go early in the morning in India? When do they go to the bazaar in India? With whom do they go to the bazaar in India? Do they go to the bazaar early in the morning in India?


Page 52

Conversational Telugu Expansion Drill. memu tintamu memu bhojanamki ‘sandwiches’ tintamu memu bhojanamki ‘sandwiches’ snehitulato tintamu memu madhyanam bhojananiki ‘sandwiches’ snehitulato tintamu memu madhyanam snehitulato bhojanam polamlo chestamu

We eat. We eat sandwiches for lunch. We eat sandwiches for lunch with friends We eat sandwiches for lunch with friends in the afternoons We eat lunch with friends in the afternoon in the field.

Qeustions. miru polamlo madhyanam bhojananiki em chestaru? miru polamlo evarito bhojanam chestaru? mieru polamlo eppudu bhojanam chestaru? miru madhyanam ekkaadhaa bhojanam chestaru? miru polamlo snehitulato bhojanam chestaru?

Who do they do? What do they eat for lunch? With whom do they eat sandwiches? When do they eat lunch? Where do they eat lunch?


Page 53

Conversational Telugu Making Rice 1. nenu, biyyam ginnelo vesi, nillu postanu 2. biyyam baga kaadhugutam 3. ginnelo sagam nillu posi, poyyimida pedtamu 4. nillu kageka, biyyam ginnelo vestanu 5. adugu antakunda taruchu kaluputanu 6. biyyam udikindemo chustanu 7. baga udikaka, annam ginne poyyimida nunchi tistanu 8. ganji varustanu 9. ante, annam tayar Imperative (Hon. You-miru) 1. Poyyandi 2. kaadhaagandi 3. pettandi 4. veyyandi 5. kalapandi 6. chudandi 7. tiyyandi 8. varchandi


Page 54

Conversational Telugu Making Rice 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

Then I put the rice in a dish and pour water. I clean the rice with water. Place on the stove the rice- cooking pot with half-full water. When the water boils, put the rice in the pot. Keep stirring the rice without sticking to the bottom. See if the rice if cooked right. After the rice is cooked well, take the pot off the stove. Drain the starch. That’s all, cooked rice is ready.


Page 55

Conversational Telugu On the Day of a Fair 1. ee vela pakka urlo santa jarugutundi (ee roju pakka gramamlo santa jarugutondi) 2. Ramudu, Sita poddunne lecharu? 3. Lakshmini, chanti pillani tvaraga leparu? 4. andaru poddunne snanam chesaru. 5. manchi battalu kattukunnaru. 6. chaddi annam tinnaru 7. Sita annam mulakattindi 8. illu talam vesindi 9. Ramudu Sitanu, Lakshmini tisukoni santaku velltadu 10. Chalamandi pakka urlanundi vastaru (chala janam chuttupakkala nundi vastaru). 11. santa 10, mittai kottu, battalakottu, gajula kottu, bommala kottu, ginnela kottu, batani kottu, Chapala kottu, buttala kottu, puvvula kottu, mamsam kottu anni unnai. 12. Ramudu, Sita santa anta chustaru. 13. Konchem (konni) kodi gudlu, battalu, gajulu, ginnelu, polu, mittai konnaru 14. andaru, chettukinda tindi tintaru. 15. Sayamkalam Ramudu, kutumbamto intiki tirigi vastadu.


Page 56

Conversational Telugu On the Day of a Fair 1. Today a fair takes place in the neighboring village. 2. Rama and Sita get up early in the morning. 3. They wake up Lakshmi and the baby early. 4. They all take their bath early. 5. Put on good clothes. 6. Eat ‘cold rice’ 7. Sita packs food. 8. Locks the house. 9. Rama goes to the fair taking Sita and Lakshmi 10. Many people from neighboring areas come. 11. Candy shop, cloth shop, bangle shop, toy shop, utensil shop, nut shop, mat shop, basket shop, flower shop, meat shop all of them are there at the fair. 12. Rama, Sita go around the fair. 13. They buy some eggs, cloth, bangles, utensils, flower and candy. 14. They all eat food under the tree. 15. Rama returns home with the family in the evening.


Page 57

Conversational Telugu Instructions – Bringing Things from Bazaar a.

Basavayya, bazarku velli ra (poi ra)

b.

Sareandi (chittam babu)

a.

intlo vastuvulu emi levu, tisukura nayana

b.

em samanu kavali cheppandi

a.

modalu kottuku po (vellu)

b.

allagenandi

a.

konchem biyyam, kandipappu, panchadara, kapi podi koni tisukura

b.

kuragayalu kuda kavala?

a.

avunu, konchem vankayalu, bendakayalu, ullipayalu konu

b.

aku kura kavala? (leafy vegetable)

a.

vaddu naku aku kura ishtam ledu. anducheta konavaddu

b.

inka em kavalandi?

a.

vidhi mula kottulo mamsam ammutaru, teluse?

b.

telusu.

a.

konchem kodi mamsam, meka mamsam, endu chepalu kavali a kottulo konu

b.

dabbu istara?

a.

enta dabbu kavali? aidu rupayalu chala?

b.

chalandi

a.

migilina chilla sayantram tisukuntanu

b.

sare andi

a.

ventane vellu, alasyam avutundi.


Page 58

Conversational Telugu Instructions – Bringing Things from Bazaar a.

Basavayya, to the bazaar.

b.

yes (sir).

a.

There are no things at home; (Please) get some.

b.

What do you need?. Tell me.

a.

First go the grocery store.

b.

Okay. (with respect).

a.

‘Buy and get’ some rice, ‘toordhal’, sugar, and coffee powder.

b.

Do you need vegetables also?

a.

Yes, buy some eggplant, okra, onions.

b.

Do you need ‘spinach’?

a.

No, I don’t like ‘spinach’ So don’t buy.

b.

What else do you need?

a.

They sell meat at the shop in the corner of the street.

b.

I know.

a.

I need some chicken, lamb (meat), dried fish, buy them in that shop.

b.

Will you give money?

a.

How much money do you need? 5Rs enough?

b.

Enough

a.

I take the balance in the evening.

b.

All right.

a.

Go right away. Time is up.


Page 59

Conversational Telugu Section C Page Cycles and Drills 1-5

…………………………………..

93-103

Grammar Notes

…………………………………..

104-106

Past tense

…………………………………..

104

participle + /-addudu/

…………………………………..

104

postpostions /-10/, /-to/, /-mu/, /-ni/

…………………………………..

105

plural from of nouns

…………………………………..

106


…………………………………..

107-120

Grammar Notes

…………………………………..

121-122

‘that’ clause

…………………………………..

121

postposition /-ki/

…………………………………..

121

‘can’ or ‘be able to’

…………………………………..

121

progressive forms of the verb

…………………………………..

122

…………………………………..

123-130

washing clothes

…………………………………..

123

washerman

…………………………………..

124

slides

…………………………………..

126-127

washing

…………………………………..

127

buying bangles

…………………………………..

127

laundry instructions

…………………………………..

128

education

…………………………………..

129

land tenure

…………………………………..

130

supplements


Page 60


P.C. lo cheradaniki mundu

pantulu

pani chesevadni

vyavasayam vyaparam vadrangam mangali M2.

P.C. lo cheradaniki mundu, miru em chesevaru?

C1 .

P.C. lo cheradaniki mundu, miru em chesevaru? P.C. lo cheradaniki mundu, panthulu pani chesevadni


Page 61


Before joining the P.C.

I used to be a teacher I used to be a farmer I used to be a merchant I used to be a carpenter I used to be a barber

M2.

What did you do before joining the PC.?

C1 .

What did you do before joining the Peace Corps? Before joining the P.C., I used to be a teacher.


Page 62

Conversational Telugu Drill for Cycle 1 atanu

chesevadu

He

ame

chesedi

Sh e

nenu

chesevadni

I

miru

chesevaru

You

chesevallamu

We

chesevallu

T h ey

me mu vallu

pantulu pani


used to work as a teacher

Page 63


nenu ninna anta

pani chesanu M1. chadivanu vishranti tisukunnanu ata adenu padukunnanu (nidra poyenu) padenu

I worked all day yesterday read (and studied) rested played slept sang

M1.

ninna rojanta em chesaru?

M1.

What did you do all day yesterday?

C1 .

ninna rojanta em chestanu?

C1 .

What did you do all day yesterday?

nenu ninna rojanta pani chesenu.


I worked all day yesterday.

Page 64


ninna

nenu mi snehitulanu kalusukunnanu

mo n n a (poina) kindati varam kindati nela kindati edadi or samvatsaram

M 2.

na snehitulanu miru eppudu kalusukunnaru?

C1.

na snehitulanu miru eppudu kalusukunnaru? ninna nenu mi snehitulanu kalusukunnanu.


Page 65


Yesterday The day before yesterday Last week Last month Last year

M 2.

When did you meet my friends?

C1.

When did you meet my friends? Yesterday, I met your friends.


I met your friends

Page 66


ninna nenu bazaraku valla to

vellanu

M 1.

polaniki gudiki hotaluku kondaki cheruvuku (sarassuku)

I went bazaar yesterday with them to the f ie ld temple restaurant mountain t an k (lake)

M 1.

ninna miru na snehitulato ekkadiki M2 vellaru?

Where did you go with my friends yesterday?

C1.

Ninna miru na snehitulato ekkadiki C1. vellaru?

Where did you go with my friends yesterday?

ninna nenu valla to bazarku vellanu

I went with them to the bazaar yesterday


Page 67

Conversational Telugu Drill for Cycles 2,3,4 Build-up Drill I.

ninna nenu lechanu

I.

Yesterday, I got up

tondaraga snanam chesenu

They I took a bath

taruvata tifinu (tisukunnau) tinnanu

Then I ate breakfast

tiffin tinna taruvata pani cheyadam modalu

After eating breakfast, I started

pettenu

work

(after all 4 sentences are mastered, ask the

(ask the following question:)

following question)

I.

ninna poddunne miru em cheseru?

I.

What did you do yesterday morning?


Page 68

Conversational Telugu Drill for Cycles 2, 3, 4 ayana

atanu

pustakalu anni

chadivedu

He

(that)

re ad

all the

books

uttaral

rasedu

wrote

letters

kuralu

vandedu

cooked

vegetables

battalu

utikedu

washed

clothes

dunned

ploughed

f ie ld

dhanyam

pandichedu

grew

grain

p an i

chesedu

d id

work

(or vadu)

p o lam

avida

pustakalu anni

an t a

chadvindi

(or adi)

me mu

re ad

all the

books

(that) uttaralu

rasindi

wrote

letters

kuralu

vandindi

cooked

vegetables

battalu

utikindi

washed

clothes

p o lam

dunnindi

ploughed

f ie ld

dhanyam

pandichindi

grew

grain

p an i

chesindi

d id

work

pustakalu anni

chadivemu

uttaralu

rasemu

wrote

letters

kuralu

vandemu

cooked

vegetables

guddalu

utikemu

washed

clothes

dunnemu

ploughed

f ie ld

dhanyam

pandichamu

grew

grain

p an i

chesemu

d id

work

pustakalu anni

chadvieru

uttaralu

raseru

p o lam

vallu (or varu)

she

an t a

we (ex)

t h ey (that)


re ad

re ad wrote

all the

all the

books

books letters Page 69

kuralu guddalu p o lam dhanyam p an i

Conversational Telugu an t a

vanderu utikeru dunneru pandicheru cheseru

cooked washed ploughed grew d id

vegetables clothes f ie ld grain work

Cycle 5 M 1.

iyyela nenu intiki tirigi vachinappudu

M 2.

ivela mieru intiki tirigi vachinapudu em cheseru?

C1.

ivela miru intiki tirigi vachinapudu em cheseru? ivela memu intiki tirigi vachinapudu


_________________________

_________________________

Page 70


When I returned home today I

M 2.

What did you do when you returned home today?

C1.

What did you do when you returned home today? when I returned home today, I


_________________________

_________________________

Page 71

Conversational Telugu Grammar Notes Past Tense:1. Formation : Positive Past verb stem + /-e/ + personal endings. Negative infinitive + ledu 2. Agreement: Personal endings of the positive past tense must agree in gender and number. with the subject of the sentence. 3. User: To express action completed in the past. eg:- ‘nenu ninna pani chesenu’ I worked yesterday ‘nenu ninna pani cheya ledu’ I didn’t work yesterday Note:- Past verb stems may differ from present verb stems in two ways: 1) final consonant change eg:vac vacc (come) is icc (give) t es tecc (bring) 2) internal vowel change eg:adug adig (ask) caduv cadiv t iru g t irig 3) irregular verbs verb chart lists past stems that are different from present stems. eg:vas/vacc (come) The past tense marker /-e/ is dropped for third person singular feminine ending. eg:-

‘avida pustakalu anni chadivindi’ She read all the books ‘avida battalu anni utikindi’ She washed all the clothes.

Verb stems ending in single /-n/ and /-a/ instead or /-e/


Page 72

eg:-


/-dunn/ takes /-e/


Page 73

Conversational Telugu Grammar Notes (cont’d) B.

Participle + /-appudu/

The past participle (i.e. the past verb stem + -ina/) with /-appudu/ may be used to express the idea when.. then… eg:-

i vela nenu intiki tirigi vachinapudu nenu battalu utikenu. When I returned home today (then) I washed clothes.

Note:- the clause with the participle comes frist. In the sentence, ‘nadustunnappudu nenu matladtunnanu’ While-walking I was talking (When I was walking I was talking) The progressive suffix /-tunna/ is added to the verb stem to make the present participle, ‘walking’. The present participle with /appudu/ is used to express the idea ‘while ….. ing’. C.

Postpositions /-lo/ /-to/ and /-nu/ /ni/ 1.

Noun or object pronoun + /-lo/ ‘in…/ or ‘by…. Before joining (in) the Peace Corps I was a student ‘nenu indyaku eroplenlo velltanu’ I will go to India by plane 2. Noun or object pronoun + /-to/ ‘with…’ eg:- ‘nenu snehitulato bazarku vellenu’ I went with friends to the bazaar. ‘nenu vallato bazarku vellenu’ I went with them to the bazaar. 3. Noun or object pronoun + /-nu/ or /-ni/ /-nu/or/-ni/ is added to nouns and object pronouns to denote them as objects of sentences. eg: nenu mi snehitulanu kalusukunnanu. I met your friends ‘nenu vallanu kalusukunnanu. I met them. Note:- The verb ‘meet’ (kalusuko) is irregular in the past tense, /-a/ replaces the past tense marker. Addition of /-nu/ or /-ni/ Prepared specially for my Favt Actress “SAMANTHA”

Page 74


is optional for neuter objects.


Page 75

Conversational Telugu Grammar Notes (cont’d) D.

Plural Form of Nouns Plurals of masculine, feminine and neuter nouns are formed by adding /-lu/ or /-llu/ to the noun. /-llu/ is added the singular form ends in /-lu/ or /-du/ eg:- ‘memu uttaralu anni rasemu’ We wrote all the letters.


Page 76

Conversational Telugu Cycle 6 ani, nenu M1.

M 1.

_______________________ ataniki cheppenu

M 2.

ataniki em chepperu?

M 2.

What did you tell him?

C1.

ataniki em chepparu? _______________________ ani, nenu ataniki cheppenu

C1.

What did you told him? I told him that _______________________


I (just) told him that _______________________

Page 77


M 2.

nenu I polam kindati

miru I polam eppudu

endakalamlo

dunnenu

chalikalamlo

natenu

vesamkalamlo

sarve chesenu

vana kalamlo

nillu pettenu

dunneru? nateru sarve cheseru nillu petteru

C1.

miru I polam epudu dunneru? nenu I polam endakalamlo dunnenu.


Page 78

Conversational Telugu Cycle7 M 1.

I

ploughed planted surveyed irrigated

this field last

spring winter summer monsoon

M2

when did you

plough plant survey irrigate

this field?

C1.

When did you plough this field? I ploughed this field last spring.


Page 79


naku

akali

vesindi

M1.

I

f e lt

hungry

d ah am

thirsty

santosham kaligindi

frightened

alasata

f in e t ire d

M2.

ninna alla unnav em? or/

M2.

What was wrong with you yesterday?

C1 .

what was wrong with you yesterday? I felt hungry.

ninna ado madirigia unnav em? C1 .

ninna em alla unnavu? naku akali vesindi


Page 80


nadustunnapudu

nenu matladutunnanu M1. padutunnanu alochistunnanu chaduvutunnanu tintunnanu

While walking

I was

talking singing thinking re ad in g e at in g

M 2.

Miru nadusunnappudu em chestunnaru?

M 2.

What were you doing while walking?

C1.

Miru nadusunnappudu em chestunnaru?

C1.

What were you doing while walking? While walking, I was talking.

nenu nadstunnappudu, matladutunnanu.


Page 81


nenu

survey

Cycle 10 chestunnanu M1.

I was

Surveying

tavvutunnanu

digging

n illu

pedutunnanu

irrigating

eruvu

vestunnanu

applying fertilizer

(pedutunnanu) purugula

challutunnanu

spraying pesticides

tavvutunnanu

digging a well

mandu bavi (nuyi) M2.

ninna miru polamlo em chestunnaru?

M2.

What were you doing in the field yesterday?

C1 .

ninna miru polamlo em chestunnaru?

C1 .

What were you doing in the field yesterday?

nenu ‘survey’ chestunnanu.


I was surveying.

Page 82


M 1.

nenu

polaniki taunnunundi tota chustu post afisku sayikulu mida ‘klas nu’

vellutunnanu vastunnanu tirigutunnanu velltunnanu vidichipedutunnanu

M 2.

ninna nenu chusinapudu miru ekkadki veltunnaru?

C1.

ninna nenu chusinappudu miru ekkadiki velltunnaru? nenu polanki vellutnnanu.


Page 83

Conversational Telugu Cycle11 M 1.

I was going

to the field returning from the town walking around the garden riding by cycle to the Post Office leaving the class

M 2.

Where were you going when I saw you yesterday?

C1.

Where were you going when I saw you yesterday? I was going to the field.


Page 84


nenu

bassulo vellevadni M1. karlulo saykilmida rayillo vimanamlo

M 2.

miru ella vellevaru?

M 2.

How did you use to go?

C1.

miru ella vellevaru? nenu basulo vellevadni

C1.

How did you use to go? I used to go by bus.


I used to go by

bus car cycle t rain p lan e

Page 85

Conversational Telugu Drill for Cycles 10, 11 Substitution Drill Califonia Pennsylvania ‘Wisconsin’ ‘Texas’

ayana rojanta

lo

avida

untundedi

Sh e

used to

p an i chestundedi Chadvutundedi prayanam chestundedi

live

in

work study travel

He was

Californis Pennsylvania Wisonsin Texas

‘survey’

chestunnadu

surveying

bhumi

tavvutunnadu

digging the soil

p an i

chestunnadu

working

n id ra

potunnadu

sleeping

erurvu

pedtunnadu

applying fertilizer

purugula mandu

challutunnadu

spraying pesticides

all d ay

Conversion Drill atanu kindati nela ikkaadhaa pani chesedu

He worked here last month.

atanu ninna ikkaadhaa pani chestunnadu

He was working here yesterday

avida

kindati

nela

ikkaadhaa

snanam She was bathing here yesterday.

chestundi memu kindati nela ikkaadhaa chadvemu

We studied here last month.

memu ninna ikkaadhaa chaduvutnnamu

We were studying here yesterday

nenu

kindati

n e la

ikkaadhaa

bhojnam I ate here last month.

chesenu nenu ninna ikkaadhaa bhojnam chestunnanu I was eating here yesterday


Page 86


M2.

C1 .

nenu

ee

rendu

rupayalu matram ivvagalanu

M1. I can give only

2 RS.

p ad i

10 Rs

aid u

5 Rs.

pustakalki

enta ivvagalaru (ivvagalavu)?

M2. How much can you give for these

books?

kollaki

chickens?

vittanalki

seeds?

kurlaki

vegetables?

ee pustakalki miru enta ivvagalaru? rendu rupayalu ivvagalanu


C1 .

How much can you give for these books? I can give only 2 Rs.

Page 87

Conversational Telugu M 1 . e ro ju

M 2 . e ro ju

C1

Cycle 14 panicheyadam purticheyagalanu M1. I can finish chadavadam dunnadam nillu pettadam panicheyadam purticheyagalara? M2. can finish chadavadam dunnadam nillu pettdam

eroju chadavadam purticheyagalara? eroju chadavadam purticheyagalanu.


C1

working t o d ay re ad in g ploughing irrigating

you working

today?

re ad in g ploughing irrigating

Can you finish reading today? I can finish reading today.

Page 88

Conversational Telugu Drill for Cycle 14 Substitution Drill avida

rendu

gantallo

vanda galadu

oka

gantalo

battalu utakagaladu illu udavagaladu ‘tiffin’ tayar cheyagaladu biyyam kaadhaaggaladu

atanu

‘trainlo

vellagaladu

saykilmida

ragaladu

re p u

ragalaru

vachenela

vellagalaru

chala rojlu

undagalaru

re p u

ragalamu

vachenela

vellagalamu

chala rojulu

undagalamu

nenu

id a

le n u

miru

pani cheya

le ru

atanu

vanta cheya

le d u

avida

puja cheya

le d u

vallu

bhojnam cheya

le ru

miku

idhadam

vacha (telusa)

vallu

me mu

or/ miru idha galara?

padadam rayadam

miru dencu cheya galara?

Converstaion Drill or/ miku dencu cheyadam vacha


Page 89


naku dencu cheyadam radu kani pada galanu or/ nenu dence cheya lenu kani pada galanu


Page 90

Conversational Telugu Drill for Cycle 14 Substitution Drill Sh e

can

cook dinner

in 2 hours

wash clothes

in 1 hour

clean the house prepare tiffin clean the rice He

T h ey

I

can

can

can’t

go

by train

come

cycle

come

tomorrow

go

next month

stay

for a long time

swim

t o d ay

you

work

He

cook

Sh e

p ray

T h ey

e at

Do you know how to

swim? sing? write Conversation Drill

Do you know how to dance? I can’t dance but I can sing.


Page 91

Conversational Telugu Grammar Notes. A. ‘that’ Clause In sentences of the type, eg:- ‘naku vellalani undi ani nenu ataniki cheppenu. I must told him that I want to go. the clause introduced by ‘ani’ (that) comes first in Telugu and the introductory clause, in this case ‘nenu ataniki cheppenu’ comes last. Similar sentences would be; ___________________ ani naku telusu

I know (understand that ___________________

___________________ ani nenu vinnanu I hear that___________________ B. Postposition /-ki/ /-ki/ is added to nouns and object pronouns when they are indirect objects…. i.e. when they are used with verbs like ‘is’ (give) and ‘cepp’ (tell), where ‘to’ or ‘for’ might be placed before the (pro)noun to convey the meaning of the English sentence. eg. ani nenu ataniki cheppenu I told (to) him that ___________________ C. ‘Can’ or ‘be able to’ 1. Formation : Positive infinitive + gala + personal endings. Negative infinitive + le + personal endings. 2. Agreement. Personal endings must agree in gender and number with the subject. 3. Use:Eg:‘nenu rendu rupaylu matram ivvagalanu I can give only 2 rupees ‘miru iyyela pani cheya levu You can’t work today.


Page 92

Conversational Telugu Grammar Notes (cont’d) D. Progressive Forms of the Verb 1. Formation: Positive present verb stem + /-tunn/ + personal endings. Negative infinitive + /-dam/ + ledu 2. Agreement: Personal endings of positive progressive forms must agree in gender and number with the subject. There is only one negative form. 3. Use: In colloquial Telugu the same positive progressive forms of the verb are used in the positive present-future and past tenses and the same negative progressive forms of the verb are used in the negative present-future and past tenses. eg:nenu velltunnanu can mean; I am going I will be going I was going The context of what the speaker is saying determines the tense of the verb.


Page 93

Conversational Telugu Washing Clothes – Battalu Utakatam 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

battalu cheruvu odduku tisukuveltanu nillalo baga nanapetti, utike ratimida pedtanu taruvata battalki sopu pedtanu konchem sepu battalu urapedtanu taruvata ratimida baga kotti utukutanu muriki poyaka, battalu nillalo baga jhadinchi pidustanu taruvata battalu endalo aravestanu

Imperative (You – non) 1. tisuku vellandi 2. pettandi 3. pettandi 4. urapettandi 5. utukandi Washing Clothes 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

I am taking the clothes to the back of the tank Soak it good in water and place it on the washing stone Then I add soap to the clothes. I let the clothes lay for a while (for the soap to seep in). Then I wash the clothes by beating them hard on the washing stone. After the dirt goes away, rinse the cloth in water and squeeze the water out. Then I dry them in the sun.


Page 94

Conversational Telugu Washerman 1. Chakalivadu poddunne, vaduka illaku velltadu 2. muriki battalu lekka pedtadu 3. battalu intiki tisuku vastadu 4. battalu mida ‘chakali gurtu’ vestadu 5. battalu muta kadtadu 6. muta gadida mida petti, cheruvu odduku tisuku velltadu 7. battalu nillalo tadipi sabbu pedtadu 8. konchem sepu arapedtadu 9. ratimida kotti battalu utukutadu 10. nillu pindi battalu enda lo aravestadu 11. taruvata battalu muta kadtadu 12. gadida mida petti intiki tisuku veltadu 13. istri petti lo nippu vestadu 14. taruvata battalu istri cestadu 15. battalu madata pedtadu 16. vaduka illaku tisuku poi istadu


Page 95

Conversational Telugu Washerman 1. Washerman goes to customer’s houses in the morning 2. Counts the soiled clothes 3. Brings home the clothes 4. Puts Dhobi marks on the clothes 5. Ties them up into bundle. 6. Loading the bundle on the donkey, takes it to the bank of the tank. 7. Wets the clothes in the water and applies soap. 8. Keeps the clothes soaked for sometime. 9. Beating on the ‘washing stone’ he washes the clothes. 10. Squeezes the water out, and lets them dry in the sun. 11. Then he bundles the clothes 12. Loading it on the donkey, bring it home. 13. Make fire inside his ‘iron box’. 14. Then irons the clothes. 15. Folds the clothes. 16. Takes them (back) to customers houses.


Page 96

Conversational Telugu Laundry Instructions 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Ramudu illa ra na muriki battalu tisuku ra ee battalu chakalivadi daggaraku povali eevala (eroju) chakalivadu vastadu battalu baga utakamani cheppu rangu shartulu aidu; tella shartulu mudu; pantlamulu nalugu; tuvvallu aru, cheti rumalu rendu; mottam iravai battalu. 7. battalu epudu tirigi istado adugu 8. machipo vaddu, baga utakamani cheppu 9. chala ganji petta vaddani cheppu. Laundry Instructions 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

Ram, come here Bring my soiled clothes, There clothes should go to ‘Dhoby’ ‘Dhoby’ will come today. Tell him to wash them good. Color shirts 5, white shirts 3, pants 4, towels 6, handkerchief 2, total 20 clothes. Ask him when he will give the clothes back. Don’t forget, tell him to wash them good. Tell him not to use too much starch.


Page 97

Conversational Telugu Education a. mi pedda abbayiki (koduku) enni ellu? (or) enta vayasu? b. pannendu ellu. a. em ‘class’ chaduvutunnadu? b. nalugo taragati chaduvutunnadu. a. intiki badi (skulu) chala durama? b. ledandi, pakkane undi (or) daggarilone undi a. ee gramamlo entamandi pillalu unnaru? b. sumaru, yabhaimandi pillalu unnaru. a. andaru (vallanta) badiki velltara? b. ipudu ippudu chalamandi pillalu chaduvukonduku velltaru.

a.

Education How old is your eldest son?

b.

Twelve years old.

a.

In what ‘class’ is he (studying)?

b.

He is studying fourth class.

a.

Is the school far from home?

b.

No. It is closeby.

a.

How many children are there in this village?

b.

About 50 children

a.

Do all of them go to school?

b.

of late, lot of them go to school.


Page 98

Conversational Telugu a.

Land Tenure mi kutumbamlo entamandi (or endaru) unnaru?

b.

na bharya, naluguru pillalu, vayassu aina talli, tammudu unnaru

a.

jivananiki em chestaru? (not common), or miru em pani chestaru?

b.

memu bhumi mida adharapadtamu

a.

mi sonta bhuma?

b.

ledandi, kavuluku puchukoni sagubadi chestnnanu

a.

enn nallanundi, ee bhumi (polam) chestunnaru

b.

ma nayana kalamnundi, kanipettukoni unnamu

a.

Land Tenure How many members are there in your family?

b.

My wife, 4 childre, aging mother, younger brother.

a.

What do you do for livelihood?

b.

We depend on land (to live).

a.

Your own land?

b.

No. I am a cultivating tenant.

a.

How long have been looking after this land?

b.

Since my father’s days, we have been looking after the land.


Page 99

Conversational Telugu Section D Cycles and Drills 1-7

--------------------------------

Page 131-152

Grammar Notes

--------------------------------

153-154

Impersonal construction

--------------------------------

153

possession

--------------------------------

153

the verbal noun

--------------------------------

154

plural nouns

--------------------------------

154

future continuous alternate form

--------------------------------

154


--------------------------------

155-166

Grammar Notes

--------------------------------

167-168

imparatives

--------------------------------

167

postpositions /-ku/ and kosam (koraku)

--------------------------------

167

compound verbs

--------------------------------

167

--------------------------------

169-175

p u ja

--------------------------------

169

slides

--------------------------------

169

festival

--------------------------------

171

b az aar

--------------------------------

172

temple

--------------------------------

173

marriage

--------------------------------

174

vow and pilgrimage

--------------------------------

175

Supplements


Page 100


M2.

C1 .

kabatti naku

miku kabatti

dahamga

undi

M1.

I am

thirsty

akaliga

hungry

santoshamga

h ap p y

vicharamga

sad

dahamga

u n d i?

M2.

Why are you

thirsty?

akaliga

hungry

santhoshamga

h ap p y

vicharamga

sad

miku kabatti dahamga undi?

C1 .

___________ kabatti dahamga undi


because

Why are you thirsty? I am thirsty because _____________

Page 101

Conversational Telugu nenu

Repetition Drill rojanta bhojnam cheyaledu, kabatti

naku

miru

miku

me mu

maku

man amu

manaku

Ramudu

ataniki

Sit a

avidaki

P illa

daniki

akaliga undi

Substitution Drill naku miku

dahamga dahamga akaliga santoshamga vicharanga ontlo sarigga


le d u

Page 102

Conversational Telugu Repetition Drill I

am

hungry because

I

haven’t eaten all day

You

are

you

We (ex)

are

we

We (in)

are

we

Ramudu

is

he

Sit a

is

she

T h e b ab y

is

it

Substitution Drill I You

am are

n ot n ot

thirsty thirsty hungry h ap p y sad well


Page 103


karuvu

gurinchi naku

Cycle 2 vicharamga (chintaga)

pantala

diguluga

kolla

vicharamga

antu vyadhi

bayanga

purugula

vicharamga

samasya

vicharamga

M2.

denni gurinchi, miku vicharamga undi? (impersonal)

C1 .

denni gurinchi miku vicharamga undi?

undi

karuvu gurinchi naku vicharamga undi. M1.

I am worried about the

f amin e crops chickens epidemic insects problem

M2.

What are you worried about?

C1 .

What are you worried about? I am worried about the drought.


Page 104

Conversational Telugu Repetition Drill ipudu

naku

ekkuva vicharamga ledu

I

maku

We (ex)

manaki

We (in)

miku

You

atanku

He

avidaku

Sh e

vallaku

T h ey


am not very worried now.

Page 105



Page 106


naku __________ellu

M 1.

(or na vayasu_____) (formal)

I am _________years old (or my age is _________)

M 2.

miku enni ellu?

M 2.

How old are you?

C1.

miku enta vayassu?

C1.

How old are you?

naku _________ ellu.

I am _________ years old.

Or mi vayassu enta? na vayassu_________


Page 107

Conversational Telugu Drill Question & Answers Q.

mi amma vayassu enta?

Q.

How old is your mother?

A.

ma amma vayassu_________ ellu (or samvatsaralu)

A.

My mother is _________

Q.

mi nannagari vayassu enta?

Q.

How old is your father?

A.

mi nannagari vayassu_________samvatsaralu

A.

My father is_________

Q.

mi akka chellelu vayassu enta?

Q.

How old are your sisters?

A.

ma akka chellelu vayassu _________

A.

My older sister is _________

A.

ma chellelu vayassu _________

Q.

Mi anna tammudi vayassu enta?

Q.

How old are your brothers?

A.

ma anna vayassu _________

A.

My older brother is _________

A.

ma tammudi vayassu _________

A.

My younger brother is _________


My younger sister is _________

Page 108


naku

pandu (pandina)

tometo kavali

pacoi kotta (taja) kulli poina pedda cinna manchi chedipoina

M 2.

C1

miku em tometo kavali,

pandinda

paccida?

or

kottada

kulli poinda

etlanti

peddada

chinnada

manchida

chedipoinda

miku em tometo kavali, pandinda paccida? naku pandina tometo kavali


Page 109

Conversational Telugu M 1.

M 2.

C1.

I want the

Cycle 4 rip e tomato unripe fresh rotten large small good b ad

Which tomato do you want, the

rip e

or

unripe?

fresh

rotten

large

small

good

b ad

Which tomato do you want, ripe or unripe I want the ripe tomato.


Page 110


M2.

C1 .

na daggira

mi daggara

banganapalli

Cycle 5 mamidipallu

kotta

batanilu

manchi

vankayalu

pedda

jamp allu

pacchi, endu

mirapakayalu

pandina

mamidipallu

kotta

batanillu

manchi

vankayalu

pedda

jamp allu

pachi, endu

mirapakayalu

unnayi

unnaya

mi daggaira banganapalli mamidipallu unnaya? na daggira banganapalli mamidipallu unnayi

(Substitute other nouns)


Page 111


M 2.

C1.

I have

banaganapalli fresh good large fresh, dry (green) (red)

Do you have

mangoes p e as b rin jals guavas chillis

rip e

mangoes?

fresh

p e as

good

b rin jals

large

guavas

h ot

chillis

Do you have ripe mangoes? I have ripe mangoes.


Page 112

Conversational Telugu Transformation Drill mi daggira

mamidipallu batanilu vankayalu jamp allu mirapakayalu

banganapalli mamidipallu

unnaya

Do you have

banganapalli mangoes?

botta

batanillu

fresh

manchi

vankayalu

good

pedda

jamp allu

large

kharamgina

mirapakayalu

h ot

banganapalliva? kottava? manchiva? peddava? kharamainava?

Are your


mangoes p e as b rin jals guavas chillis

banganapalli?

Page 113



Page 114


rendu p ad i mudunnara nalgunnara pannendu

M 2. enni pounla

C1.

pounla

me t a migilindi eruvu purugula mandu vittanalu verusenagapapu migilai

enta meta e ru ru v purugulamandu vittanalu verusenagapappu

migilindi migilindi?

migilai?

enta meta migilindi? rendu pounla meta migilindi.


Page 115


2 10 3½ 4½ 12

M 2.

How much How many pounds of

C1.

How much feed is left? 2 pounds of feed is left.

pounds pounds

of


f eed fertilizer insecticide hybrid seed ground nuts

are left

f e e d is fertilizer insecticide hybrid seed groundnuts

le f t ? are left?

Page 116

Conversational Telugu Problem Drill 1.

na daggira aidu verusenagkayal undi rendu tinte enni migultai? (substitute other numbers)

2.

na daggara iravaidu pounla eruvu undi, pdihenu pounla eruvu vadite (upayogiste) enta migultundi? (substitute other numbers)

3.

na daggira muphai mopula meta undi, enimidnnara mopulu icceste, enta migultundi?

(After the instruction has asked questions, trainees should make up theirs.)


Page 117

Conversational Telugu Problem Drill 1.

If I have 5 peanuts and eat 2, how many will be left? (substitute other numbers)

2.

If I have 25 pounds of fertilizer and use 15, how many will be left? (substitute other numbers)

3.

If I have 30 bundles of hay and give out 8 ½, how many will be left? (substitute other numbers)


Page 118

Conversational Telugu Transformation Drill Sit a

vanta cheyadam

nenu chustanu

Sita vanta chestundi

Ramudu

dunnadam

Ramudu dunnutunnadu

Gopaludu

tavvadam

Gopaludu tavvutunnadu

V allu

dansu cheyadam

vallu dansu chestunnaru

miru

vinadam

miru vintunnaru

Problem Drill: use kurcho, nincho, nadu, gentu, parigettu, rai, chaduvu, tagu (poga tagu) miru em chustaru? nenu _________ dam chustanu.


Page 119

Conversational Telugu Transformation Drill I

see

Sit a

Cooking

Sita is cooking

Rama

ploughing

Rama is ploughing

Gopal

digging

Gopal is digging

t h em

dancing

They are dancing

you

listening

You are listening

Problem Drill: use sit, stand walk, etc. to ask the question. What do you see?


Page 120


M1 ninna i samayamlo nenu chaduvutunnanu pani chestunnanu vanta cestunnanu dunnu tunnanu tavvutunnanu snanam chestunnanu

M1.This time yesterday, I was studying working cooking ploughing digging bathing

M2.ninna I samayamlo miru em chestunnaru? C1.ninna I samayamlo miru em chestunnaru? ninna I samayamlo nenu chaduvutunnanu

M2.What were you doing yesterday this time? C1.What were you doing yesterday this time? This time yesterday, I was studying.

(have students substitute answers for questions Substitute answers for questions like:) lke) ninna poddunnapadi gantalaki em chestunnaru? What were you doing at 10:00 A.M.? madhyanam okatinnarku 1:30 P.M.? sayantram nalgu gantalki 4:00 P.M.?


Page 121

Conversational Telugu In Negative

M1

ninna I patiki, nenu chadavadam ledu pani cheyadam vanta cheyadam dunnadam tavvadam snanam cheyadam

M2.ninna I patiki miru em chestunnaru?

M2.This time yesterday I was not studying working cooking ploughing digging bathing M2.What were, you doing this time yesterday?


Page 122

Conversational Telugu Repition Drill

ninnan ta

nenu atanu avida Ramudu Sit a me mu miru vallu

vachenela nenu atanu avide vallu miru me mu

p an i

chestunnanu

I

was

chestunnanu chestundi chestunnadu chestundi chestunnamu chestunnaru chestunnaru

He Sh e Ramudu Sit a We You T h ey

were were were

sarvey chestu pani chestu chaduvutu dunnutu pani chestu chaduvutu

untanu

Next month I

untadu untundi untaru untaru untamu


we she t h ey you we

working all day yesterday

will (still) be

surveying

will (still) be

working studying ploughing working studying

Page 123

Conversational Telugu Question & Answer Drill vache nela,miru ekkaadhaa untaru? pani chestu untaru prayanam chestu untaru chaduvutu untaru

Where will you be (living) next month? working traveling studying

miru indiyalo untara? (untu untaru) amerikalo pani chestu untara

Will you be (living) in India? working America N e p al Ceylon


Page 124

Conversational Telugu Grammar Notes. A.

Impersonal Construction. We have already used impersonal construction in sentences of the type, ‘naku chadavalani undi’ I want to read ‘Ramudu bajarlo to chala samanlu dorukutai’ Ramudu can get many things in the bazaar Where the objective form of the (pro)noun + /-ku/ was used as agent of the sentence, where the third personal form of the verb agreed in number with the subject of the sentence.

Subject V e rb chadavalani undi (Sing) chala samanlu dorukutai (pl) Similar impersonal constructions are as follows. ‘naku dahamga undi/ledu/ I am (not) thirsty akaliga hungry santhoshamga h ap p y vicharamga sad chintaga worried B. Possession ‘to have….’ is expressed by the objective form of the (pro) noun + daggira + the verb ‘to be’. eg:- ‘na daggira mamidipallu unnayi’ I have mangoes, mangoes are in my possession ‘mi daggira kotta batanilu unnayi’ You have fresh peas fresh peas are (in the possession) of you Note:- in both sentences, ‘unnayi’ the third person neuter plural form or the verb ‘to be’ is used in agreement with ‘mamidipallu’ and ‘batanilu’ both plural forms of neuter nouns.


Page 125

Conversational Telugu Grammar Notes (cont’d)

C.

D. E.

The Verbal Noun We have already used the verbal noun in the construction, ‘nidra podaniki mundi’ before going to sleep Verbal nouns may also formed by adding /-dam/ to the infinitive form of the verb. eg:- ‘Sita vanta cheyadam nenu chustanu’ I see Sita cooking verbal nouns of this type have only one form and are used to describe what the object of the sentence is doing. Note:- the English order the sentence is reversed in Telugu. i.e. Sita cooking, I see. Plural Nouns Plural nouns used in the objective position end in /-a/ Future Continuous Alternate Form 1. Formation : Positive Present stem + future positive form verb ‘to be’

2.

Negative Use negative of present future tense Agreement: Pesonal agreement with gender and number of subject.


Page 126

Conversational Telugu M1 a kunda naku ivvandi avidaku ividaku ayanku iyanaku vallaku villaku Ramudiki Sitaki

M1.Give that post to me her (that) her (this) him (that) him (this) them (that) them (this) Ramudu Sit a

M2.a kunda nenu evariki ivvali?

M2.To whom should I give that pot?

C1 a kunda nenu evariki ivvali? a kunda naku ivvandi

C1.To whom should I give that pot? Give that pot to me.


Page 127

Conversational Telugu Completion Drill Cycle 8 repu uribayata oka santa jarugutundi Ramudu, Gopal to vellali Vache varam, bajarlo oka natakam jarugutundi Sita Ramudito vellali Vache nela, pattanamlo utsavam jarugutundi Sita Ramudu, Kamala, Gopal to vellali vache edadi (samvastram) Tirupati lo oka mukhyamaina utsavam jarugutundi Ramudi uru nunchi konta mandi vellali

Tomorrow there will be a fair outside village. Ramudu should go with Gopal. Next week there will be a play in the bazaar. Sita should go with Ramudu. Next month there will be (religious) festival in the city Sita and Ramudu should go with Kamala and Gopal. Next year there will be an important festival at Tirupati. Some people from Ramudu’s village should go.


Page 128

Conversational Telugu Cycle 9 M1.i eruvu ma polam kosam (koraku) techenu me t a kolla purugula mandu pantala n illlu tota ‘trektaru polam

M2 i erurvu endu kosam? (enduku)techaru? me t a purugula mandu n illu ‘trektaru’

C1 i eruvu endu kosam techaru? i erurvu ma polam kosam techenu.


Page 129


M1.This fertilizer is for our fields. f eed chicken pesticide crops water garden tractor f arm M2.What is this fertilizer for (why)? f eed pesticide water tractor C1.What is this fertilizer for? This fertilizer is for our fields.


Page 130


M1.may nello nenu chaduvu purtichesenu poina edadi rendu ella mundu (kritam)

M1.I finished studying in May last year 2 years ago

M2.miru epudu chaduvu purtichesseru?

M2.When did you finish studying?

C1.Miru epudu chaduvu purticheseru? may nello nenu chaduvu purtichesenu

C1.When did you finish studying? I finished studying in May.


Page 131

Conversational Telugu Cycle 11 M1. I vela madhyanam oka gantaki repu poddunna enimidi gantalaki I vela poddunna padi gantalki

nenu pani cheyadam arambhistanu

M2. miru epudu pani cheyadam arambhistaru? C1.

miru epudu pani cheyadam arambhistaru? I vela oka ganta pani cheyadam arambistanu

M1.I will start working at 1 o’clock this afternoon at 8 o’clock tomorrow morning 10 o’clock this morning M2.When will you start working? C1.When will you start working? I will start working at 1 o’clock this afternoon.


Page 132

Conversational Telugu Drill for Cycle 11 nenu tvaraga chadavadam arambistanu or/ tinadam modalu pedtanu pani cheyadam vanta cheyadam natadam nillu pettadam

I will start reading soon e at in g working cooking planting irrigating

nenu tvarga chadavadam purtichestanu tinadam pani cheyadam vanta cheyadam natadam nillu pettadam

I will finish reading soon e at in g working cooking planting irrigating


Page 133


M1.nenu densu cheya galanu pada galanu idha galanu pani cheya galanu vanga cheya galanu

M1.I am able to dance sing swim work cook

M2.miru pada galara?

M2.Are you able to sing?

C1.miru pada galara? ah, nenu pada galanu

C1.Are you able to sing? Yes, I am able to sing.


Page 134

Conversational Telugu Repetition Drill for Cycle 12

1.miru vachinappudu atanu panicheyadam arambhistadu avida arambhistundi vallu arambhistaru me mu arambhistamu miru arambhistaru 2.miru vachinapudu atanu panicheyadam purtichestadu avida purtichestundi vallu purtichestaru me mu purtichestamu miru purtichestaru 3.miru vachinapudu atanu panicheyadam apestadu avida apestundi vallu apestaru me mu apestamu miru apestaru 4 vallu embashalu or /em bhashalu matladgalaru? miru embashalu matladgalaru atanu galadu avida galadu


Page 135

Conversational Telugu Repeition Drill for Cycle 12

1.

when you come

he she t h ey we you

will start working

2

when you come


will finish working

3

when you come


will stop working

4.

which languages

are

they able to speak? you he she

is


Page 136


M1.nagali ‘skreperu’ ella upayoginchalo naku telusu ‘seeddrill’ leveler eruvu purugula mandu sutti rampam ‘survey’ chese pani mutlu

M2. miku nagali ella upayoginchalo telusa? eruvu sutti ‘survey’ chese pani mutlu C1.miku nagali ella upayoginchalo telusa? telusu nagali ella upayoginchalo naku telusu.


Page 137


M1.I know how to use a plow and scrapper. seeddrill and leveler. fertilizer and pesticides hammer and saw surveying equipment

M2 Do you know how to use a plow? fertilizer h amme r surveying equipment C1 Do you know how to use a plow? I know how to use a plow.


Page 138

Conversational Telugu Grammar Notes

A.

Imperatives. 1. Formation : Imperative forms of verbs are listed in the verb chart. The familian imperative is the simplest form of the verb and is similar to the verb stem. The respect imperative is formed as follows: Positive infinitive + /-ndi/ Negative infinitive + oddu 2.

B.

Use : In commands, eg:- vallandi (go!) vella oddu andi (don’t go!) ivvandi (give) ivva oddu andi (don’t give!) Postpositions / -ku/ and kosam (koraku) 1. Noun or object pronoun + /-ku/ ‘to or for… eg:- naku ivvandi! give (to) me! Sitaku ivvandi! give (go) Sita! 2. eg:-

Noun or object pronoun + kosam (or koraku) for the purpose of… I eruvu polam kosam This fertilizer is for (the purpose for) the fields. I nillu tota kosam This water is for the garden.

C.

Compound Verbs: 1. Formation: a. verbal noun + verb eg:- nenu chadavadam arambhistanu I will start reading nenu chadavadam purtichestanu I will finish reading Nenu chadavadam apestanu I will stop reading b. infinitive + verb eg:- nenu chadvagalanu I can (am able to) read Note:- Compound verbs of type ‘a’ use the verbal noun. Compound verbs of type ‘b’ use the infinitive.


Page 139


C. 2.

Compound Verbs: Agreement:The second verb is formed as any other simple Telugu verb i.e. it will have a tense marker and personal endings which agree in gender and number with the subject of the sentence.


Page 140

Conversational Telugu P u ja First Person 1. Modata snanam chestanu 2. (male only) vibhuti pusukontanu 3. kumkum bottu pettukuntanu 4. puja pita mida kurchuntanu 5. dipam veligistanu 6. agaru vattulu veligistanu 7. puja mantaralu cheptanu 8. ganta kodtanu 9. kobbari kaya kodtanu 10. pindi vantalu nivedyam pedtanu 11. dipam kallaki addukuntanu 12. taruvata, prasadam istanu


Imperative – you- Hon cheyyandi pusukondi pettukondi kurchondi veliginchandi veliginchandi cheppandi kottandi kottandi pettandi addukondi iyyandi

Page 141

Conversational Telugu Puja

1. First take a bath 2. Apply ashes to my forehead 3. Put a mark on my forehead with ‘kumkum’ 4. 5. 6. 7.

Sit on the puja seat. Light up the lamp. Light up the incense sticks. Chant puja chantings

8. Ring the bell 9. Break coconut 10. Offer ‘food and other preprations’ to God. 11. Feel the heart and place my hand on my eyes. 12. Then give Prasadam (offerings).


Page 142

Conversational Telugu Temple – Polamma Gudi

a. b. a. b. a. b. a. b.

a. b. a. b. a. b. a. b.

ekkadiki vellutunnaru? Polamma gudiki vellutunnanu ivvala emiti visesham? Polamma utsavam jarugutundi utsavamlo em eestaru? ammavariki alankaram chestaru gudi anta alankaram chestaru toranlu kaadhaataru, ammavarini uregimpuki tiusuku velltaru. I ustavam eppudu jarugutunda? ledandi, edadiki oka sari (samvatsraniki)

Where are you going? I am going to ‘Polamma’ temple. What is special today? Polamma festival takes place. What will they do in the festival? They will dress up the deity; they will decorate the whole temple; they will tie up ‘decorative buntings’; will take the deity in procession. Will this festival take places always? No, only once a year.


Page 143

Conversational Telugu Marriage – Pelli Vivaham

a. b.

mi ammayiki sambandham nischayam chesara? aindi, tambulalu kuda puchukunnam

a. b.

muhurtam eppudu pettaru? sravana masamlo pelli chestamu.

a. b.

pelli kodukudi e uru? en chestunnadu atandidi pakka uru. china kottu pettukunnadu

a. b.

a abbai miku mundare telusa? ma chuttame (menarikam) ma akka koduku

a. b.

muhurtaniki chala mandi vastara? ramarami nurumandi vastarani anukuntam

a. b.

Have you finalized the alliance for your daughter? Yes (to take place we have even exchanged ‘coconunt and betels’

a. b.

When have you set the date for the ceremony? We are going to celebrate in the month of ‘Sravanam’

a. b.

Where does your bridgegroom come from? What is he doing? He belongs to the neighboring village. He runs a small stall.

a. b.

Do you know the boy even before? He is our relative. My sister’s son

a. b.

Will many people attend the ceremony? we expect, at least 100 people will come.


Page 144

Conversational Telugu Vow and Piligrimage 1. Ramudu, Sita Tirupati yatraki sidahm ayyaru 2. pette, pakka cutta kadtunnaru 3. eddu bandilo railu steshanuku velltaru 4. tikkatlu kontaru 5. railu bandi ekkutaru 6. railu bandi Tirupatilo agutundi 7. Ramudu, Sita digutaru 8. hotelo palaharam (tiffin) tintaru 9. Tirupati konda midaki nadichi potaru 10. edu mailu nadustaru 11. Konda paina Tirupati gudi undi 12. taruvata iddaru cheruvulo snanam chestaru 13. kottulo kobbarikaya, pallu, cekka, tamalapakulu, povulu kontaru 14. demudiki puja chestaru 15. hundilo dabbu vestaru 16. gudi chuttu tirugutaru (padashinam chestar) 17. taruvata Ramudu, Sita konda kindaki digutaru. 1. Rama and Sita get ready to go pilgrimage to Tirupathi 2. They are packing their ‘box and bedding’ 3. Go the railroad station by bullock cart 4. Buy tickets 5. Board the train 6. The train stops at Tirupathi 7. Rama and Sita get down 8. Eat ‘breakfast’ in a hotel 9. Hike up Tirupathi hill 10. They walk seven miles 11. Tirupathi temple is on the top of the hill. 12. Both of them bathe in the tank. 13. At the shop, they buy coconut fruits, nuts and betel leaves, flowers. 14. Offer puja to the God. 15. They drop money in the ‘Hundi’ 16. They go around the temple 17. Then Rama and Sita come down to the foot of the hill. Prepared specially for my Favt Actress “SAMANTHA”

Page 145

Conversational Telugu Section E Cycles and Drills 1-9 Grammar Notes conditional ‘unless…’ subjunctive reflexive pronoun ‘in order to… Cycles and Drills 10-20

……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ………………………………..

Page 176-192 193-195 193 194 194 195 195 196-217

Grammar notes Comparison ‘from…. ing’ ‘by….ing’ ‘without…ing’ verbal adjectives

……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ………………………………..

218-219 218 219 219 219

Supplements finding a hotel hiring a servant firing a servant d ie t accident vacation sickness people sickness animal rice cultivation irrigation survey for soil conservation high yielding variety paddy deomstration piot – paddy variety ro le p lay

……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ………………………………..

220-248 220 221 223 225 226 227 228 229 230 234 235 237 241 245


Page 146



Page 147


M 1.

Gopaludu Kamala ivvala pani purti cheyakapothe, vallu repu purti chestaru. Gopaludu Kamala ivvala pallu konakapote repu kontaru. Gopaludu Kamala ivvala uttaralu rayakapote. repu rastaru Gopaludu Kamala ivvala nuti nillu tisukurakapothe (tevaka pote) repu tisuku vastaru Gopaludu Kamala ivvala valla gadulu subhram cheyakapothe, repu subhram chestaru.

M 2.

Gopaludu Kamala ivvala pani purti cheyakapote, repu purti chestara? Gopaludu Kamala ivvala pallu konakapothe, repu kontara? Gopaludu, Kamala ivvala uttaralu rayakapote, repu rastara? Gopaludu Kamala ivvala niti nillu tisukurakapote, repu tisku vastara? Gopaludu Kamala ivvala valla gadulu subhram cheyakapote, repu subhram chestara?

C1.

Gopaludu Kamala ivvala pani purti cheyakapothe, repu purti chestara? Gopaludu Kamala ivvala pani purti cheyakapothe vallu repu purti chestaru


Page 148

Conversational Telugu M1

If If If

M 2.

If

Gopal and Kamala don’t’ clean their rooms today, they will clean them tomorrow.

If

Gopal and Kamala don’t finish the work today, will they finish it tomorrow? Gopal and Kamala don’t buy the fruits today, will they buy them tomorrow? Gopal and Kamala don’t bring well water today, will they bring it tomorrow? Gopal and Kamala don’t clean their rooms today, will they clean them tomorrow?

If If If

C1.

Gopal and Kamala don’t finish the work today, they will finish It tomorrow. Gopal and Kamala don’t buy the fruits today, they will buy them tomorrow. Gopal and Kamala don’t write letters today, they will write them tomorrow

If If

Gopal and Kamal don’t finish the work today, will they finish I tomorrow? Gopal and Kamala don’t finish the work today, they will finish it tomorrow.


Page 149

Conversational Telugu Cycle2

M1.miru neruga (tinnaga) mudu maillu vellte, Reddigari polam cherukuntaru mudu mailla taruvata kudi vaipu tirugute, mudu mailla taruvata edam vaipu tirugute, nadi datite, cycle mida vellte, pakka uru mudu agite,

M2.nenu Reddigari polaniki ella cheragalanu? (Reddigari polaniki Velladam ella?) C1.nenu Reddigari polaniki ella cheralagalanu? miru neruga mudu maillu velte, Reddigari polam cherukuntaru M1.If you go straight 3 miles you will reach Reddi’s farm. turn right after 3 miles. turn left after 3 miles. cross the river go by cycle stop before the next town M2.How do I get to Reddi’s farm? C1.How do I get to Reddi’s farm? If you go straight 3 miles you will come to Reddi’s farm.


Page 150

Conversational Telugu Drills for Cycles 1 and 2 Transformation Drill miru repu ‘town’ ki vellte (nunchi vaste), naku konni mamidipallu tisurandi miru repu ‘town’ ki vellte (nunchi vaste), naku konni mamidipallu tisukuvastara? (Substitute : Hyderabad, bajar, pakka gramam, uru) dukanamlo mekulu dorukute, konni konandi (kharidu adagandi) dukanamlo mekulu dorukute, konni kontara (kharidu adugutara)? (Substitute: buckets, knives, hammers, saws, etc) Repetition Drill nenu poddunne levakapothe, kottu ella terustanu? nenu dabbu tisukupote, edaiana ella kontanu? nenu bassulo vellakapote, ‘time’ ki ella cheratanu? next ‘taxi’ tisukopothe, mi illu ella kanukuntanu (telusukntanu)? miru okkaru kottu kanukkolekapothe, evarinanaina sahayam adgandi miru okkaru nagali ettalekapote, miru okkaru ‘demonstration’ cheyalekapothe, miru bandini lagakapothe, miru polam kolta tesukolekapothe, miru polaniki nillu pettakapote,


Page 151

Conversational Telugu Drills for Cycles 1 and 2 Transformation Drill If you go to (come from) town tomorrow bring me some mangoes. If you go to (come from) town tomorrow will you bring me some mangoes? If you can find nails in the shop, buy some (ask price) If you can find nails in the shop, will you buy some (ask price)? Repetition Drill If I don’t get up early, how can I open the shop? If I don’t’ take money, how can I buy anything? If I don’t go by bus, how can I get there on time? If I don’t take a taxi, how can I find you house? If you can’t

find the shop alone, ask someone for help. lift the plow do the demonstration pull the cart measure the field irrigate the land


Page 152


M 1.

miru neruga mudu maillu velte, mudu maillu taruvata kudi vaipu tirugutegani, mudu mailla taruvata edam vaipu tirugutegani, andi datitegani ‘cycle’ lu mida velltegani, pakka uru mudu agutegani,

M 2.

nenu Reddigari polani velladam ella?

C1.

nenu Reddigari polaniki velladam ella? miru neruga mudu maillu velte, Reddigari polaniki cherukuntaru kani mudu mailla taruvata kudi vaipu tirugutegani miru Reddigari polaniki cherukoru


Reddigari polaniki cherukuntaru miru Reddigari polaniki cherukoru.

Page 153

Conversational Telugu M1. If you go straight 3 miles you will reach Reddi’s farm. Unless you turn right after 3 miles you will not reach Reddi’s farm. turn left after 3 miles cross the river go by cycle stop before the next town

M2.How do I get to Reddi’s farm? C1.How do I get to Reddi’s farm? If you go straight 3 miles you will reach Reddi’s farm? But unless you turn right after 3 miles you will not reach Reddi’s farm.


Page 154

Conversational Telugu Cycle4

M1.tana pani purti cheste, Kamala Hyderabad vellavachu (galadu) tana pani purti cheste, Kamala snehitulato adukovachu tana pani purti cheste, Kamala mithai tina vachu tana pani purti cheste, Kamala sikilu tokkochu tana pani purti cheste, snehitula kalusukovachu snehitulanu kalusuko vachu, modata edlaku meta pedte, Gopaludu ti kottuku vellavachu, modta edlaku meta pedte, Gopaludu phutbal (banti anta) adavachu, modta edlaku meta pedte, modta edlaku meta pedte, gopaludu trektaru nadapavachu

M1.Kamala can go to Hyderabad, If she finished her work Kamala can play with her friends, If she finishes her work Kamala can eat sweets, If she finishes her work Kamala can ride her cycle, If she finishes her work Kamala can meet her friends, If she finishes her work Gopal can go the tea shop, If he feeds the bullock first. Gopal can go play football, if he feeds the bullock first, Gopal can eat snacks, If he feeds the bullock first. Gopal can ride the tractor, If he feeds the bullock first

Kamala Hyderabad Vellavachha? Kamala snekitalato adukovacha? Kamala mithai tinavacha Kamala sikilu tokkavacha Kamala snehitulanu kaluskukovacha

M2.Can Kamala go to Hyderabad? play with her friends eat sweets ride her cycle meet her friends

Gopaludu iti kottuku velllavacha? Gopaludu ‘phut bal’ (bhati ata) adavacha Gopaludu tiffin tinavacha Gopaludu trektaru nadapavacha

Can gopal go to the tea shop? play football eat snacks ride the tractor

C1.Kamala Hyderabad Vellavacha? C1.Can Kamala go to Hyderabad? tana pani purti cheste kamala Hyderabad Kamala can go to Hyderabad if she vellavachu. friends her work.


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M1.nuncho (nilcho) nuncho vaddu kurcho kurco vaddu kudi vaipu tirugu tiragavaddu (kudi pakka) edam vaipu tirugu (edam pakka) tiragavaddu talupu teru teravvadu talupu muyi muyoddu sahayam cheyyi ceyyaddu sutti upayagoinchu upayogincoddu samanu moyi muyoddu ippudu vellu vellodu

M1.(Of course) stand up. sit down turn right turn left open the door close the door h e lp me use the hammer carry the baggage leave now.

(inka vellu)

M 2.

C1.

nenu nilcho vacha (nilchona) kurcho vacha kudi vaipu tiraga vacha edam vaipu tiraga vacha talupu teravacha talupu muyocha sahayam ceyyocha sutti upayogincha vacha samanu moyavacha ipudu vellavacha nenu nilcho vacha?

M 2.

M ay I

C1.

May I stand up? Of course, stand up or/ No, don’t stand up.

tappakunda nilchondi vaddu, nilchovaddu


stand up? sti down turn left turn right open the door close the door h e lp user the hammer carry the baggage leave now

Page 156

Conversational Telugu Drill for Cycles 4 & 5

1.

memu Iratri ikkaadhaa nidra povacha? 1. memu Iratriki ikkaadhaa nidra pogalama? memu cheruvulo idavacha? 2. memu cheruvulo idagalama?

May we swim in the lake? Are we able to swim in the lake?

3.

memu sinimaku vellavacha? memu sinimaku vellagalama?

3.

May we go the cinema? Are we able to go to the cinema?

4.

memu palu panda vacha? memu palu panda galama?

4.

May we milk the cow? Are we able to milk the cow?

5.

memu ippude bhojnam cheyocha? memu ipude bhojnam cheyyagalama?

6.

memu pani purti cheyyocha? memu pani purti cheyyagalama?

2.

May we sleep here tonight? Are we able to sleep here tonight?

May we eat dinner now? Are we able to eat dinner now? 6.


May we stop work? Are we able to stop work?

Page 157


Ramudu oppukunte, Sita tan anna pelliki oka kotta chira konavachu (konedi) Sita tirika unte, pelliki mithali cheyyochu Ramudiki tirika unte, pelliki sangitam erpatu cheyyochu Sitaku dabbu unte, ame pelliki bahumanam konavachu Ramudiki dabbu unte, kotta pancha pelliki konavachu

M 2.

Ramudu oppukunte, Sita tana anna pelliki kotta chira kontunda? Sitaku tirika unte, pelliki mithai chestunda? Ramudiki tirika unte, pelliki sangitam erpatu chestada? Sitaku dabbu unte, pelliki bahumanam kontunda? Ramudiki dabbu unte, pelliki kotta pancha kontada?

C1

Ramudu oppukunte, Sita tana anna pelliki kotta chira kontunda? Ramudu oppukunte, Sita tana anna pelliki oka kotta chira konavachu.


Page 158


M 1.

If Ramudu agrees, Sita might buy a new sari for her older brother’s wedding If Sita has time, she might make sweets for the wedding If Ramudu time, he might arrange music for the wedding. If Ramudu has money, he might buy a new dhoti for the wedding.

M 2.

If Ramudu agrees, will Sita buy a new sari for her older brother’s wedding? If Sita has time, will she make sweets for the wedding? If Ramudu has time, will he arrange music for the wedding? If Sita has money, will she buy a gift for the wedding? If Ramudu has money, will he buy a new dhoti for the wedding?

C1.

If Ramudu agrees will Sita buy a new sari for her older brother’s wedding? If Ramudu agrees Sita might buy a new sari for her older brother’s wedding.


Page 159


Cycle 7 Ramudu pani purti chesi unte, uruku vellavadu Ramudu urku velli unte, tana snehitulanu kalusukonevadu Ramudu tana snehitulanu kaluskoni unte, kaburlu cheppevadu Ramudu tana snehitulato kaburlu cheppi unte (cepte), alasyamga padukkunevadu Ramudu alasyamga padukunte, marnadu (marusati roju) alasipoyevadu Ramudu alasipoyi unte, baga pani chesevadu kaadhu

M2

Ramudu

pani purti chesi unte em jarigedi? uruku vellu unte snehitulani kalusukonte snehitulato kaburlu cheppi unte alasyamga padukunte alasipoyi unte

C1.

Ramudu pani purti chesi unte, em jarigedi? Ramudu pani purti chesi unte, uruku vellevadu


Page 160


If Ramudu had finished his work, he would have gone to town. If Ramudu had gone to town, he would have met his friends. If Ramudu had met his friends, he would have gossiped. If Ramudu had gossiped with his friends, he would have slept late. If Ramudu had stept late, he would have been tired the next morning. If Ramudu had been tired the next morning, he would n’t have wored well.

M 2.

What would have happened had Ramudu

C1.

finished his work? gone to town met his friends gossiped with his friends been tired the next morning What would have happened had Ramudu finished his work? Had Ramudu finished work, he would have gone to town


Page 161

Conversational Telugu M1.Peace Corps lo cheryakapoyi unte (cherakapothe) nenu _________________ America lo undi unte, nenu _________________

M2.miru peace Corps lo cherakapoyi unte, em chesevaru? miru America lo undi unte, em chesevaru?

C1.Peace Corps lo cherakapoyi unte, em chesevaru? Peace Corps cherakapoyi _________________

unte,

M 1. If I hadn’t joined the Peace corps, I _________________ If I had stayed in America _________________

I

M2.If you hadn’t joined the Peace Corps, what would you have done? If you had Stayed in America, What would you have done?

C1.If you hadn’t joined the Peace Corps, What would you have done? nenu If I hadn’t joined the Peace Corps, I _________________


Page 162


nenu tikattu konadaniki railu steshanku veltunnanu nenu Hyderabad velladaniki tikattu kontunnanu nenu selava tisukonadaniki (konduku) Hyderabadki velltunnanu nenu konchem vishranti tisukodaniki selava tisukuntunnanu vache varam inda kashtabadi pani cheyadaniki konchem vishranti tisukovalni undi. miru railu steshanku enduku velltunnaru? miru tikattu enduku kontunnaru? miru Hyderabad enduku veltunnaru? miru selava enduku tisukuntunnaru? miru vishranti enduku tisukovali undi? miru railu steshanku enduku vellutunnaru? nenu tikattu konadaniki railu steshanku veltunnanu


Page 163


M 1.

I am going to the railroad station to buy a ticket I am going to buy a ticket to go to Hyderabad I am going to go to Hyderabad to take a vacation I am going to take a vacation to get some rest. I want to get some rest to work harder next week.

M 2.

Why are you going to the railroad station? Why are you going to buy a ticket? Why are you going to go to Hyderabad? Why are you going to take a vacation? Why do you want to get some rest?

C1.

Why are you going to the railroad station? I am going to the railroad station to buy a ticket.


Page 164

Conversational Telugu Grammar Notes

A.

Conditional 1. Formation : Present Positive present verb stem + /-te/ Negative infinitive + /-ka/ + /-pote/ 2. Agreement: o n e f o rm 3. Use: To express a condition for action in the present or future. eg:miru neruga mudu mailu velte Reddigari polam cherukuntaru. If you go straight 3 miles you will reach Reddigaru’s farm. Goapludu Kamala ivvala pani purti cheyakapote vallu repu purti chestaru If Gopaludu and Kamala don’t finish the work today they will finish it tomorrow. Past 1. Formation: Positive past participle + unte Negative infinitive + /-ka/ + /-poyi/ +unte Note:- colloquially the present negative conditional is also used in the past tense 2. Agreement: o n e f o rm


Page 165

Conversational Telugu Grammar Notes (cont’d) 3. Use: To express a condition for action in the past. eg:- Ramudu pani purti chesi unte uruku vellevadu If Ramudu had finished his work he would have gone to town. Miru ‘Peace Corps’ lo cherakapoyi unte, em chesevaru? If you hadn’t joined the Peace Corps what would you have done? B.unless…. The present positive conditional + /gani/ is used to state a condition without which action or existence cannot bccur. eg:- nadi datitegani, miru redid gari polaniki cherukoru Unless you cross the river, you will not reach Reddigaru’s farm. C. Subjunctive 1. Formation: Positive infinitive + vachu Negative infinitive + /-ka/ + povachu 2. Agreement: One form 3. Use: To express probability To ask permission eg:Gopaludui ti kottuku vellavachu Gopaludu might go to the tea stall. Gopaludu ti kottuku vellakapovachu Gopaludu might not go to the tea stall. Gopaludu ti kottuku vellavacha? May Gopaludu go to the tea stall?


Page 166


D. Reflexive Pronoun If a pronoun is used in a sentence to refer to the subject of the sentence then it must take one of the following forms.

tanu

h e,

she

t an a

his,

h er

atanaku him,

h er

eg. ame tanu posina pappu caru ruci custundi She tastes the pappu caru she poured. bavinundi teccina nillato ame tana cetulu kaadhugkontundi She washes her hands with the water (she) brought from the well. atanu tanaku ishtamaina pani cestadu He will do whatever he likes (is liked by him).

‘in order to ….’ (‘for the purpose of ….ing’) The verbal noun + the postposition /-ki/ is used to explain why the main action of a sentence occurs. eg. nenu tikattu konadaniki, railu steshanku velltunnanu Prepared specially for my Favt Actress “SAMANTHA”

Page 167


I am going to the railroad station (in order) to buy a ticket.

Cycle 10

M1

‘Rock’ parvatalu nilagiri parvatala kanna (kante) ettu ainavi Amerilo avalu Indiyalo avula kanna lavu ainavi Indiyalo kollu Amerikalo kola kanna cinavi endkalamlo Amerikalo kanna Indiyalo enda ekkuva calikalamlo Indiyalo kanna Amerikalo cali ekkuva

M2

‘Rocky’ parvatalu nilagiri parvatala laga untaya (lantiva)? Amerikalo avulu Indiyalo avula laga untaya? Amerikalo kollu Indiyalo kola laga untaya? Amerikalo enda Indiyalo laga (lage) untunda? Amerikalo cali Indiyalo laga untunda?

C1

‘Rocky’ parvatalu nilagiri parvatala laga untaya? ‘Rocky’ parvatalu nilagiri parvatala kanna ettu ainavi


Page 168


M1

The Rocky Mountains are higher than the Nilgiris. American cows are fatter than Indian cows. Indian chickens are smaller than American chickens. Summer is hotter in India than in America. Winter is colder in America than in India.

M2

Are the Rocky Mountains like the Nilgiris? Are American cows like Indian cows? Are American chickens like Indian chickens? Is it as hot in America as in India? Is it as cold in India as in America?

C2

Are the Rocky Mountains like the Nilgiris? The Rocky mountains are higher than the Nilgiris.


Page 169

Conversational Telugu Drill for Cycle 10 Repetition Drill

nenu ni kante podugu;

I am taller than you;

nvvu na kante potti nenu ni kante pedda (vadini);

you are shorter than me. I am older than you;

nuvvu na kante cinna (vadivi) nenu ni kante goppa vadni;

you are younger than me. I am wealthier than you;

nvvu na kante bida vadivi nenu ni kante jagrattaina vadini;

you are poorer than me. I am more careful than you;

nuvvu na kante jagratta leni vadivi

Ramesh kante Ramudu manci vidyardhi Ramesh Ramudu anta manci vidyardhi

you are more careless than me.

Ramudu is a better student than Ramesh.

kaadhu

Ramesh is not as good a student as Ramudu.

Ramudu Ramesh anta adrushtavantudu kaadhu

Ramudu isn’t as fortunate as Ramesh.

Ramudi kante Ramesh adrushtavantudu Ramudu Ramesh anta alasipo ledu

Ramesh is more fortunate than Ramudu. Ramudu isn’t as tired as Ramesh.

Ramudi kante Ramesh ekkuva alasi poyadu Ramudu Ramesh anata allarivadu kaadhu Ramudi kante Ramesh ekkuva allari vadu Ramudu Ramesh anta santosham ainavadu kaadhu

Ramesh is more tired than Ramudu. Ramudu isn’t as mischievous as Ramesh. Ramesh is more mischievous than Ramudu. Ramudu isn’t as cheerful as Ramesh.


Page 170


Ramudi kante Ramesh baga santosham ainavadu

Ramesh is more cheerful than Ramudu.


Page 171


M1

Ramudi godhumalu garmamloki (antaloki) mancivi atanu ekkuva khariduku (dharaku) ammutadu Pullaya godumalo Ramudi godhumalanta mancivi kavu atanu ammadaniki prayatnam ceyadu Sita kodigudlu gramamloki peddavi ame ekkuva khariduku ammutundi Venkamma kodigudlu Sita gudlanta peddavi kavu ame ammadaniki pryatnam ceyadu Polamma buttalu gramamloki gattivi ame ekkuva kahariduku ammutundi Mangamma buttalu Polamma buttalanta gattivi kavu ame ammadaniki prayatnam ceyadu

M2

Ramudu tana godhumalu ekkuva khariduku enduku ammutadu? Pullaya ammadaniki enduku prayatnam ceyadu? Sita tana kodigudlu ekkuva khariduku enduku ammutundi? Venkamma enduku ammadaniki prayatnam ceyadu? Polamma tana buttalu ekkuva khariduku enduku ammutundi? Mangamma ammadiniki enduku proytanam ceyadu?

C1

Ramudu tana godumalu ekkuva khariduku enduku ammutadu? Ramudi godumalu gramamloki mancivi


Page 172

C2


Pullaya enduku ammadaniki prayatham ceyadu?

Pullaya godhumalu Ramudi godhumalanta mancivi kavu


Page 173


M1

Ramudu’s wheat is the best in the village. He will sell it for a high price. Pullaya’s wheat isn’t as good as Ramudu’s. He will not try to sell it. Sita’s eggs are the largest in the village. She will sell them for a high price. Venkamma’s eggs aren’t as large as Sita’s. She will not try to sell them. Polamma’s baskets are the strongest in the village. She will sell them for a high price. Mangamma’s baskets aren’t as strong as Polamma’s. She will not try to sell them.

M2

Why will Ramudu well his whet for a high price? Why will Pullayya not try to sell his wheat? Why will Sita sell her eggs for a high price? Why will Venkamma not try to sell her eggs? Why will Polamma sell her baskets for a high price? Why will Mangamma not try to sell her baskets?

C1

Why will Ramudu sell his wheat for a high price? Ramudu’s wheat is the best in the village.


Page 174

C2


Why will Pullayya not try to sell his wheat?

Pullaya’s wheat isn’t as good as Ramudu’s.


Page 175


M1

cala kharam tinadam valla (tinadam ceta)

naku jabbu cesindi

cala pani ceyadam valla cala endalo nadavadam valla cala kallu tagadam valla cala ‘cigarette’ lu kalcadam (tagadam) valla cala uragaya tisukoadam valla

M2

miku enduku jabbu cesindi?

C1

miku endku jabbu cesindi? cala kharam tinadam valla, naku jabbu cesindi


Page 176


M1

I got sick from eating too many chilies. working too much walking too much in the sun drinking too much today smoking too many cigarettes taking too much pickle

M2

Why did you get sick?

C1

Why did you get sick? I got sick from eating too many chilies.


Page 177


M1 vishranti tisukovadam valla (paddadi)

Gopaludu arogyam bagupadindi

mandu tisukovadam valla patyam modalu pettadam valla pratiroju ‘exercise’ ceyadam valla yoga asanalu veyadam (ceyadam) valla

M2

vaidyudu (daktaru) lekunda, Gopaludi arogyam ella bagupadindi?

C1

vaidyudu lekunda, Gopaludi arogyam ella bagupadindi? visharanti tisukovadam valla, Gopaludu arogyam bagupadindi

M1

Gopal became well by resting in bed. taking medicine following a diet exercising every day doing yoga

M2

Without a doctor how did Gopal become well?

C1

Without a doctor how did Gopal become well? Gopal became well by resting in bed.


Page 178


M1

ekkuva matladakunda (matladi)

memi a samasya parishkaram ceyagalanu

ekkuva vadincakunda (vadinci) ekkuva adagakunda (adgai) vishranti tisukokunda (tisukoni) alasyma ceyakunda (cesi) cadavankunda (cadavi) cudakunda (cusi)

M2

miru ekkuva matladakunda

a samasya parishkaram ceyagalara?

ekkuva vadincakunda ekkuva adgakunda vishranti tisukokunda alasyam ceyakunda cadavakunda cudakunda

a samasya muru ella parishkaram cestaru (ceyagalaru)?

C1

miru ekkuva matladakunda, a samasya parishkaram ceyagalara? ekkuva matladakunda, nenu a samasya parishkaram ceyagalanu

C2

a samasya miru ella parishkaram cestaru? nenu matladai a samasya parishkaram cestanu


Page 179



Page 180


M1

I can solve that problem without (by)

too much talking. too much arguing too much asking resting delaying reading looking

M2

Can you solve that problem without (by) too much talking? too much arguing too much asking resting delaying reading looking

How can you solve that problem?

C1

Can you solve that problem without too much talking? I can solve that problem without too much talking.

C2

How can you solve that problem?


Page 181


I can solve that problem by too much talking.


Page 182


M1 Indiyalo manam taracu, jandhyam vadkunna,

M1 In India we often see,

manu shyulanu custamu Indiyalo manam taracu, bottu pettukkunna

men wearing the sacred thread. In India we often see,

adavallenu custamu Indiyalo manam taracu, ceruku mukka namulutunna pillalanu custamu Indiyalo manam taracu, edlanu toltunna

women wearing a buttu. In India we often see, children chewing sugar cane In India we often see,

rytulanu custamu Indiyalo manam taracu, bidilu tagutunna

farmers driving bullocks. In India we often see,

(kalustunna) magavallanu custamu Indiyalo manam taracu, urgayalu pedtunna

men smoking beedis In India, we often see,

adavallanu custamu Indiyalo manam tarcu, kabadi (cedugudu)

women making pickles. In India we often see,

adutunna pillalnu custamu

children playing Kabadi.

M2 Indiyalo manam taracu em custamu?

M2 What do we often see in India?

C1 Indiyalo manam taracu, em custamu?

C1 What does one often see in India?

Indiyalo manam taracu, jandhyam vesukunna

In India, one often see men wearing

manushyulanu custamu


a sacred thread.

Page 183



Page 184


Ramesh badulu iccina nagali, ninna Ramudu upayogincadu badulu teccina arakaku, atanu edlanu kattedu monna dunnina polaniki, atanu edlanu toledu tanu badulu teccina nagalito, dunnadam purti cesedu appudu tanu teccina ‘levlaruto’ bhumi cadunu cesedu Sita tanaki iccina bhojnanni tinnadu bhojnam taruvata, cettu kinda vesina, mancam mida padukunnadu vishranti tisukunnaku, atanu poddunna modalu pettina pani malli arambhi cadu Sita vandina bhojnanni, Ramudu tinnadu

M1 Yesterday Ramudu used the plow Ramesh le n t h im. He tied the bullocks to the araka he borrowed. He drove the bullocks to the field he plowed the day before yesterday. He finished plowing, the field with the plow he borrowed. Then he leveled the land with the leveler he brought. He ate the lunch Sita gave him. After lunch he lay down on the charpoi he put under a tree. After resting he continued the work he started in the morning. Then Ramudu ate the dinner Sita had prepared.

Ramudu ninna e nagali upayogincadu? e arakaku edlanu kattedu e polaniki edlanu toledu e nagalito polani dunnadam purticesedu e ‘levlerto’ cadunu cesedu e mancam mida padukunnadu

M2 What plow did Ramudu used yesterday? araka tie to the bullocks? To what field did Ramudu drive the bullocks? With what leveler did Ramudu level the land? the land? With what leveler did Ramudu level the land? On what charpoi did Ramudu continue after rest? On what work did Ramudu continue after rest?

vishranti tisukunnaku Ramudu em pani modalu pettedu vishranti tisukunaaku Ramudu em bhojnam cesedu Ramudu ninaa e nagali upayoguica du? Ramesh badulu vicina nagali, ninna Ramadu upayogincadu

What dinner did Ramudu eat?

C1What plow did Ramudu use yesterday? Yesterday Ramudu used the plow Ramesh lent h im.


Page 185


M1 tana snehituralu cesina pappu caru Sitaku

M1 Sita wants to taste the pappu caru her

vuci cudalani undi bavinundi teccina nillato ame tana

friend made. She washes her hands with the water she

cetalanu kaadhugkontundi pappu caru unna, ginne mida muta tistundi

brought from the well. She removes the cover from the dish the pappu caru was put in.

ballamida, unna, ginnelo ame pappu caru

She pours the pappu into the dish she

postundi

put on the table.

tanu posina pappu caru ruci cestundi

She tastes the pappu caru she poured

an cala kharam

Ah, too much chili

bavinunci teccina villanu, ame calatagutundi

She drinks a lot of the water she brought from the well.

M2 Sitaku e pappu caru ruci cudalani undi?

M2 What pappu caru does Sita want to taste?

ame en nillato tana cetulu kaadhugukondi?

With what water does she wash her hands?

ame en ginne mide muta tistundi?

From what dish does she remove the cover?

ame en ginnelo pappu caru posindi?

Into what dish does she pour the papu caru?

ame em pappu caru ruci cusindi?

What pappu caru does she taste?

C1 Sitaku e pappu caru ruci cudalani undi?

C1 What pappu caru does Sita want to taste?

tana sehituralu cesina pappu caru Sitaku

Sita wants to taste the pappu caru her

ruci cudalni undi


friend made.

Page 186


M1 ivvala ceyani pani Gopalundu, Kamala purti cestaru ivvala purti ceyani patalanu vallu repu caduvutaru ivvala konani pallanu vallu repu kontaru ivvala rayani uttaralanu vallu repu rastaru ivvala tisukurani bavinillani vallu repu testaru ivvala subhram ceyani gadulanu vallu repu subhram cestaru ivvala modalu pettani pani vallu repu modalu pedtaru

M1 Tomorrow Gopal and Kamala will finish the work they didn’t do today. They will study the lessons they couldn’t finish. They will buy the fruits they didn’t buy. They will write the letters they didn’t write. They will bring the well water they didn’t bring. They will clean the rooms they didn’t clean. They will start the work they didn’t start.

M2 Gopaludu, Kamala repu em pani cestaru

M2 What work will Gopal and Kamala do tomorrow lessons t h ey study fruits buy letters write well water b rin g ro o ms clean work start

vallu repu em pathalu caduvutaru vallu repu em pallu kontaru uttaralu rastaru bavi nillu testaru gadulu subhram cetaru pani modalu pedtaru C1 Gopaludu, Kamala repu em pani cestaru? repu Gopaludu, Kamala ivvala purti ceyani pani, purti cestaru

C1 What work will Gopal and Kamala do tomorrow? Tomorrow Gopal and Kamala will finish the work they didn’t do today.


Page 187


M1

miru ninna nerpina Telugu patalu nenu nercu kunnanu (nerkoledu) miru ninna iccina upanyasam, nenu vinnanu (vina ledu) miru ninna nerpina patham, nenu marcipoyanu miru ninna iccina salahalu naku gyapakam unnayi miru ninna matladina rytuto nenu matladenu, miru ninna tisukunna kelatalu nenu marcenu

M2

nenu ninna nerpina Telugu patalu miru nercukunnara? nenu ninna iccina upanyasam miru vinnara? nenu ninna nerpina patham miru maracipyara? nenu ninna iccina salahalu miku gyapakam unnaya? nenu ninna matladina rytulato miru matladera? nenu ninna tisukunna kolatalu miru marcera?

C1

nenu ninna nerpina Telugu patalu, miru nercukunnara? aunu miru ninna verpina Telugu patalu nerchukunnanu ledu, miru ninna nerpina Telugu patalu inka nercukoledu


Page 188


M1

M2

I have (not) learned the Telugu songs you taught me.

h e ard

lecture

gave

forgotten

lesson

taught

remembered

suggestions

gave

talked to

f arme rs

talked to

changed

measurements

t ook

Have you learned yet the Telugu songs I taught you yesterday? Have you heard yet the lecture I gave yesterday? Have you forgotten yet the lesson I taught you yesterday? Have you remembered yet the directions I gave you yesterday? Have you talked to yet the farmer I talked to yesterday? Have you changed yet the measurements I made yesterday?

C1

Have you learned yet the Telugu songs I taught you yesterday? Yes, I have learned the Telugu songs you taught me yesterday. No, I haven’t yet learned the Telugu songs you taught me yesterday.


Page 189

Conversational Telugu Drill for Cyles 16, 17, 18, 19 Question and Answer Drill

Q. miru cadivina pustakam edi? A. nenu cadivina pustakam adi Q. miru rasina uttaralu ekkaadhaa unaayi? A. nenu rasina uttaralu akkaadhaa unaayi Q. miru konna eddu enta peddadi? A. nenu konna eddu into pedddadi Q. miru vellina bajar enta duram? A. nenu vellina bajar oka milu duram Q. miru badulu teccina panimutlu evarivi? A. nenu badulu teccina panimutlu mivi Q. miru matladina rytu evaru? A. nenu matladina rytu Ramudu Q. miru ruci cusina pappu caru ella undi? A. nenu ruci cusina pappu caru kharam – ga undi Q. miru ceppina samela emiti? A. nenu ceppina samel emitante callaku vacci munta dacanela.


Page 190

Conversational Telugu Drill for Cycles 16, 17, 18, 19 Question and Answer Drill

Q. Which is the book you read? A. That is the book I read. Q. Where are the letters you wrote? A. There are the letters I wrote. Q. How large is the bullock you bought? A. The bullock I bought is this large. Q. How far is the bazaar you went to? A. The bazaar I went to is one mile away. Q. Whose implements are the ones that you borrowed? A. Your implements are the ones that I borrowed. Q. Who is the farmer you talked to? A. Ramudu is the farmer I talked to. Q. How is the pappu caru you tasted? A. The pappu caru I tasted is hot. Q. What is the proverb you quoted? A. The proverb I quoted is ‘if you’re going to say something then say it’ (if she’s come for buttermilk shy has she hidden the pot?)


Page 191

Conversational Telugu Drill for Cyles 16, 17, 18, 19 Question and Answer Drill

1.

memu ivvala ceyani pani repu purti cestamu. memu ivvala pani purti ceyaledu; memu danni repu purti cestamu

2.

memu ivvala dunnani polam, repu dunnutamu memu ivvala polam dunna ledu; memu repu polam dunnutamu

3.

memu ivvala veyyani eruvu, repu vestamu memu ivvala eruvu veyyaledu; memu repu eruvu vestamu

4.

memu ivvala niru pettani polaniki, repu pedtamu. memu ivvala polaniki nillu pettaledu; memu repu pedtamu

5.

memu ivvala bagu ceyyani nagali, repu bagu cestamu memu ivvala nagali baguceyyaledu; memu repu bagucestamu

6.

memu ivvala nercukoni ‘sikilu’ repu nercukuntamu memu ivvala ‘sikilu’ nercukoldu; memu repu nercukuntamu

7.

memu ivvala utakani battalanu repu utukutanu memu ivvala battalu utakaledu; memu repu utukutanu


Page 192

Conversational Telugu Drill for Cycles 16, 17, 18, 19 Transformation Drill 1.

2.

We will finish the work tomorrow we didn’t do today. We didn’t finish the work today; We will finish it tomorrow. we will plow the field tomorrow we didn’t plow today. We didn’t plow the field today; we will plow it tomorrow.

3.

We will spread the fertilizer tomorrow we didn’t spread today. We didn’t spread the fertilizer today; we will spread it tomorrow.

4.

We will irrigate the land tomorrow we didn’t irrigate today. We didn’t irrigate the land today; we will irrigate it tomorrow.

5.

We will fix the plow tomorrow we didn’t fix today. we didn’t fix the plow today; we will fix it tomorrow.

6.

We will learn the cycle tomorrow we didn’t learn today. we didn’t learn the cycle today; we will learn it tomorrow.

7.

We will was the clothes tomorrow we didn’t wash today. We didn’t was the clothes today; we will wash them tomorrow.


Page 193


Cycle 20 tirika unnapudalla (epudu tirika unte apudu), Sita bajaraku veltundi. bajaruku vachi ame ekkaadhaa manchi kuralu dorukute akkaadhaaki veltundi tanaku ishtamaina rakatu kontundi (tanaku e rakam ishtamaithe a rakam kontundi) tirika unnappudalla, Ramudu bajarku veltadu bajaraku vachi, atanu ekkaadhaa gatti panimutlu dourkute akkadki veltadu tanaku erakam panimutlu ishtamaite a rakalu kontadu (ishtamaina rakam kontadu) tirika unnappudalla, Gopaludu bajarku veltadu bajaraku vachi, atanu ekkaadhaa bantulu, golilu galipatalau dorukute akkaadhaaki veltadu tanaku e rakam ishtamaite, a rakalu kontadu tirika unnappudalla, Kamala bajarku veltundi bajaraku vachi, ame ekkaadhaa manchi gavvalu dorukute akkadiki veltundi tanaku ishtamaina rakalu kontundi.

M 2.

Sita bajaraku epudu veltundi? Ramudu bajaraku epudu veltadu? Gopaludu bajaraku epudu veltadu? Kamala bajarku epudu veltundi? tirika vachi, Sita ekkaadhaaki veltundi? tirika vachi, Ramudu ekkadiki veltadu? tirika vachi, Gopaludu ekkadiki veltadu? tirika vachi, Kamala ekkadiki veltundi

Sita em rakalu kuralu kontundi? Ramudu em rakala panimutlu kontadu? Gopaludu em rakalu bantalu golilu, galiptalu kontadu? Kamala em rakalu gavvalu kontundi? C1.

Sita bajaraku epudu veltundi? Tirika unnapudalla, Sita bajarku veltundi.


Page 194


Cycle 20 Sita will go to the bazaar whenever she has time. ………… come to the bazaar, she will go wherever she can find good vegetables. she will buy whatever kinds she likes. Ramudu will go to the bazaar whenever he has time. ………… come to the bazaar, he will go wherever he can find strong tools. he will buy whatever kinds of tools he likes. Gopaludu will go to the bazaar whenever he has time. ………… come to the bazaar, he will go wherever he can find balls, marbles and kites. will buy whatever kinds he likes. Kamala will go to bazaar whenever she has time. ………… come to the bazaar, she will go wherever she can find good sea hills. she will buy whatever kinds she likes.

M 2.

When will Sita go to the bazaar? When Will Ramudu go to the bazaar? when Will Gopaludu go to the bazaar? when Will Kamala go to the bazaar? Having come to the bazaar, where will Sita go? Having come to the bazaar, where will Ramudu go? Having come to the bazaar, where will Gopaludu go? Having come to the bazaar, where will Kamala go? What kinds of vegetables will Sita buy? What kinds of tools will Ramudu by? What kinds of balls, marbles and kites will Gopal buy? What kinds of sea shells will Kamala buy?

C1.

when Will sita go to the bazaar? Sita Will go to the bazaar whenever she has time.


Page 195

Conversational Telugu Grammar Notes.

Comparison 1. postposition kante (kanna) ‘than’ object form of (pro) noun + kante (kanna) eg:- ‘Rocky’ parvatalu nilagiri parvatala kanna ettu ainavi The Rocky Mountains are higher than the Nilgiri Mountains. Note:- In the phrase, ettu ainavi (happen to be high), aina (happen) is used instead of unnai (are). ‘-vi’ is added to the verb in the same way –vi and –di are added in constructions of the type, ivi navi idi nadi

these are mine t h is is min e .

2. postposition laga (lage) ‘like (similar to)’ object form of (pro)noun + laga (lage) eg:- Amerikalo avulu Indiyalo avula laga untaya? Are the cows in America like the cows in India? Note:- the adjective ‘lanti’ may be substituted for laga untaya 3. Postposition anta …………………….. ‘as……….as…..’ object from (pro) noun + anta eg:- Ramudu Ramesh anta allarivadu kaadhu Ramudu isn’t as mischievous as Ramesh 4. postposition /-loki/ (antaloki) ‘in all’ object form of (pro) noun + /-loki/ Used to express a superlative eg:- Ramudi godhumalu gramamloki manchivi Ramudu’s wheat is the best in the village (in all the village is good)


Page 196

Conversational Telugu Grammar Notes (cont’d) from …. ing’ ‘by ….. ing’ The verbal noun + valla (ceta) is used to explain the acuse of a situation or action. In answers the question ella (how) or enduku (why). eg:- miku enduku (ella) jabbu chesindi? Why did you get sick? chala kharam tinadam valla naku jabbu chesindi I got sick from eating too much hot food. ‘without …. ing’ The infinitive + /-kunda/ expresses a condition without which action can (not) occur. eg:- alasyam cheyakunda nenu a samasya parishkaram cheyagalanu without delaying I can solve that problem. Verbal Adjectives (participles) 1. Formation: present verb stem + /-t (k) unna/ past verb stem + /-ina/ infinitive + /-ni/

present participle past participle past participle (neg)

2. Agreement: o n e f ro m 3. Use: Used as adjectives to describe (pro) nouns eg:- erra cira kattukunna adamanishi Sita akka The woman wearing a red sari is Sita akka miru vellina bajar enta duram? How far is the bazaar you went to? memu ivvala utakani battalu repu utukutam Tomorrow we will wash the clothes we didn’t wash today


Page 197

Conversational Telugu Finding a Hotel

CV: CV:

CV:

CV:

CV:

CV:

Namaskaram (andi)! Bagunnara! Namaskaram I urlo manchi hotelu edaina unda? lekem! illa tinnaga velli kudi vaipu tirugute, ‘Udipi Hotelu’ undi akkaadhaa bhojanam, migata sadupayalau bagutnai. sare, a hotelu ikkadiki enta duram? ento duram ledu. nadichi velte iravai nimshalu padtundi. kavalante saikil riksha mida vellochu. nenu I uruki kotta. miru naku konchem sahayam cheyalagara? o, tappakunda! naku oka manchi vantamanishi kavali. Chudagalara? manchi vantamanishi dorakaadhaam chala kashtam. aina prayatnam chestanu. vantamaishiki jitam enta ivvali? sumaru muphai rupayalu ivvali

***************** CV: CV:

Namaskaram! How are you. Namaskaram. Is there a good hotel in this town? Of course (why not)! If you go straight and turn right, there is the Udipi Hotel. You can get good food and other facilities there.

CV:

Okay. How far is that hotel from here? It is not too far. If you walk it takes 20 minutes. If you want you can go by cycle rickshaw.

CV:

I am new to this place. Can you help me a little? Definitely!

CV:

I want a good cook. Can you look for me? It is very difficult to find a good cook. Anyway I will try

CV:

How much salary should I give the cook? About 30 rupees.


Page 198

Conversational Telugu Hiring a Servant

x. y. x. y. x. y. x. y.

ni per emiti? na peru naganna ni vayasu enta? or /niku enni ellu? eravai aidu ellu niku pillalu unnara? naku inka pelli kaledandi. diniki mundu ekkaadhaa pani chesavu? naganna! pakka urlo, hotello vanta vadiga pani chesanu

x. y.

niku ‘military’ bhojanam vandatam telusuna? cheyagalanu.

x. y.

sare, niku enta jitam kavali? mi dayandi. miku tochinattlu ivvandi

x. y.

modata nela muphai rupayalu istanu; nuvvu baga pani cheste, taruvata ekkuva chestanu sarena: chittamandi. nenu eppatinundi paniki ravali?

x. y.

repu poddunna edu gantalaki ra. manchidandi.

x

The reply ‘yes sir’ is said so many ways (1) sareandi (2) chitamandi (3) manchidandi.


Page 199

Conversational Telugu Hiring a Servant What is your name? My name is Naganna. What is your age? 25 years old. Do you have children? I am not married yet. Where did you work before? I wored as a cook in a hotel in the neighboring town. Do you know how to cook ‘military food’? I can do. Okay. What pay do you want? I leave it to you, Sir. (Give whatever you think best) I will give 3 Rs. first month. If you work well, I will increase, Agreeable? Okay. From when should I come to work? Come tomorrow morning at seven. Yes (Sir).


Page 200

Conversational Telugu Firing a Servant. Naganna, Come here. I have to talk to you about a matter. What is it? (Sir) You don’t have to come to work from tomorrow Why what mistake have I done? You don’t work with interest as before you don’t come to work on time. You don’t work clean. I tolerate so long, I can’t anymore. Please pardon me this time. (Sir) No, I can’t. I have engaged another person. He comes to work from tomorrow. Alright. As you wish. How much balance do I owe you? 15 Rs. Here it is, 15 Rs. You may go.


Page 201

Conversational Telugu Diet oka nelanundi naku ollu baga ledu miru em tintunnaru? (tisukuntunnaru) emi ruchiga ledu daktaru pattyam mida uncharu em pattyam? uppu, kharam, chintapandu, nune tinakudadani chepparu uppu lekunda, ella tinagalaru? kasthame, panchadara, annam kuda taggimchamani chepparu, aite em tintaru? uppu lekunda, ragi (collu) ganji rojuki mudu sarlu tagutarnu palu arogyaniki manchidi, tagutunnara? palu tagite vanti vastundi. na ontaki padadu.. ********** I am not well for (the last) one month. What do you eat? Nothing tastes good. The doctor has put me on a diet. What diet? He has told me not to take salt, chilli, tamarind, and oil. How can one eat without salt? It is difficult, he has told me to reduce sugar, salt and rice, too. What then will you eat? I drink ‘maine ganji’ without salt, three times a day. Milk is good for health. Are you drinking? I get nausea (vomiting). if I drink milk. It does not agree with me. Prepared specially for my Favt Actress “SAMANTHA”

Page 202



Page 203



Page 204


PCV:

ivanni vyavasaya sakha dipologani sahakara sangalalo gain dorukutay. a erpatlanni vyavasaya sakha varu custannaru inkokka visayam. miru mukhyanga gamanincali.

R:

alagayte a cidala gurinci a mandule gurinci kasta vipulanga ceppandi babu. i cedalu tegullu ante naku cala bhayam

PCV:

oho, tappakunda ceptanu. i payruku modati nundi purugula mandulu gagrettaga upayosincali. i visayal anni nenu cusukontanu appudappudu vacee a mandulu vade paddati miku cupistuntanu. dani gurinci miremi bhaya pada vaddu, an!

R:

alagayte cala mancidi. i mandulaku enta kercu avtundi

PCV:

an ento kaadhu. ekraku nalafay rupa yelo kavacu. i adanapu karcul anni ponu miku ekaraku nammakanga rendu vandal yabhay migultundandi vittanalu nelugu aydu rojullo tecci istanu mari velli rana?

R:

sare mancidi velli randi namaste

PCV:

namaste.


Page 205

Conversational Telugu Role Play

PCV:

How are you? Mr. Raghu.

R:

Oh, fine. When did you come?

PCV:

I came a while ago. I want to talk to your about a new variety of jonna.

R:

Oh! Is that right. It is time. Please come on in, let us sit on this arugu. (raised mound)

PCV:

Okay. You see, the agriculture department has brought a new variety of jonna seeds called CSHI.

R:

What is that name? Please tell me in Telugu.

PCV:

Okay. CSHI can simply be called a hybrid seed. This has been brought recently to be planted in our district.

R:

If it so, will you please get me some seeds?

PCV:

It is only for that purpose I came here. This hybrid variety yields more than the ordinary (local) one. Your local jonna give 7 or 8 bags under dry conditions. Let us try this variety under irrigated conditions. The agriculture department says it give an yield of twenty bags per an acre.

R:

Oh! Do you say it yields twenty bags?

PCV:

Oh sure. It should yield 20 bags. Government agriculture department has tried this variety of jonna at several places. Many people have got an yield of 20-22 bags. For some people it yielded 25 bags. I came to you only after considering all the matters. I am very much interested in trying this variety in our village.

R:

Then, when do you give me these seeds? I have to sow the seeds in a week. Oh, I forgot. How should I sow that corp. How many seeds do I need? Please explain to me everything.

PCV:

Oh, sure I will tell you everything. You must water the crop at least four times. This is very important. The field must be ploughed well. An acre needs four kilos. These will be supplied to you in clean sealed bags. I will give them to you personally. Okay?

R:

Then it is wonderful.

PCV:

If the field is not wet enough we must water it before sowing the seeds.


Page 206


R:

That’s very good. Will you tell me about fertilizers?

PCV:

I am about to tell you the same thing. This variety needs 300 pounds of super phosphate variety and 60 pounds of potassium phosphate per acre. Along with these you must also apply 200 pounds of ammonium sulphate and the same must be repeated after germination.

R:

Oh, my goodness I need so many fertilizers! How much money do I need?

PCV:

Oh, not much. Altogether it costs Rs 160/ per acre. The seeds cost 40 Rs per ton KGr.

R:

Where can we get all these fertilizers?


Page 207


PCV:

All these are available either in the agriculture depots or in the corporation societies. The Agriculture Department is looking after all these arrangements. Another important factor you have to notice is that this variety is more susceptible for pests and diseases, and you must use all insecticides to eradicate them.

R:

In that case please explain to me in detail all about the pests and the insecticides. I am really afraid of these things.

PCV:

Sure. You must carefully apply pesticides from the beginning. I will take care of all these things. I will come here now and then show you how to use these. So please don’t get scared about them.

R:

Then it is okay. How much does it cost for all these pesticides?

PCV:

Not much. Only around Rs. 40 per acre. You will get net profit of Rs 250 per acre inspite of all the additional expenditure. I will get those seeds for you in about four or five days. Okay, I take leave.

R:

Fine. Thanks.

PCV:

Thanks.


Page 208



Page 209

Conversational Telugu Pronunciation Guide Diagram

1, n, t (th), d, (dh)

t, (th), d, (dh), r

Sounds pronounced with back

Sounds pronounced with tongue forward

Image

Image

1 Fold your tongue back so that the tip of the tongue almost touches the back part of the roof of your mouth. Then flap your tongue forward while saying ‘law’.

t (th) and d (dh) Put your tongue, directly behind your teeth (as when you say then) and pronounce tear and dear withand without a puff of air.

n your say

r With your tongue a little further back flap it up against the roof of your mouth. It is a rolled ‘r’

This time, touch the back of the roof of mouth with the tip of your tongue and ‘naught’

t (th) and d (dh) Pronounce these as alre ad y described in the pronunciation guide but be sure that your tongue is in the same place as for ‘n’.


Page 210



Page 211

Conversational Telugu TELUGU VERB CHART


Page 212

Conversational Telugu Present and Past

Participles

English verb

Verb stem

Infinitive

Present

Past

go do re ad see sell give e at e at (I) be h e ar t e ll buy plough speak b rin g wash arise sew burn close fight d rin k ask say call go (I) come o p en walk take serve write

vell ces caduvu cus ammu is/ico t in t in un vin cepp kon dunn mat lad tes/tecc kaadhug les/lec kutt (kud) kalus/kalcu mu s potlad t ag ad u g cepp pilus/pilc po vas/vacc terus/teric nadu/nadic puccukon vaddis/vaddinc ras

vella ceya cadava cuda amma ivva t in a t in a unda vina ceppa kona dunna mat lad a te kaadhaaga leva kutta kalca muya potlada taga adaga ceppa pilava po ra terava nadava puccukona vaddinca raya

vellutunna cestunna caduvutunna custunna ammutunna istunna tintunna tintuna (unna) untunna (vinna) vintunna cepputunna kontunna dunnutunna matladtunna testunna kaadhugutunna lestunna kuttutunna kalustunna mustunna potladtunna tagutunna adugutunna cepptunna pilustunna potunna vastunna terustunan nadustunna puccukontunna vaddistunna rastunna

vellina cesina cadivina cusina ammin a iccina tinna tinna unna, undina vinna, vinina ceppina konna dunnina matladina teccina kadigina lecina kuttina kalcina musina potladina tagina adigina ceppina pilcina poyina vaccine tercina nadcina puccukonna vaddincina rasina (konia)

(I) – irregular verb


Page 213

Conversational Telugu Present-Future Tense

Past Tense

English

1st person sing

2nd person sing

1st person sing

2nd plus and 3rd

go vdeorb re ad see sell give e at (I ) be h e ar t e ll buy plough speak b rin g wash arise sew burn close fight d rin k ask say call go (I) come o p en walk take serve write

velltanu cestanu caduvtanu custanu ammutanu istanu tintanu untanu vintanu cepptanu kontanu dunntanu matladtanu testanu kaadhugtanu lestanu kuttutanu kalustanu mustanu potladtanu tagunanu adugtanu cepptanu pilustanu potanu vastanu terustanu nadustanu puccukontanu vaddistanu rastanu

velltaru cestaru caduvutaru custaru ammutaru istaru tintaru untaru vintaru cepptaru kontara dunntaru matladtaru testaru kaadhugutaru lestaru kuttutaru kalustaru mustaru potladtaru tagtaru adugtaru cepptaru pilustaru potaru vastaru terustaru nadustaru puccukontaru vaddistaru rastaru

vellenu* cesenu cadivenu cusenu amme n u iccenu tinnanu unnanu, vinnanu cepenu uknodninnaannuu dunnenu matladenu teccenu kadgenu lecenu kuttenu kalcentu musenu potladenu tagenu adigenu ceppenu pilcenu poyenu vaccenu tericenu nadicenu puccukonnanu vaddincenu rasenu

velleru pceesrseorun cadiveru cuseru amme ru icceru tainnaru unnaru vinnaru cepperu konnaru dunneru matladeru tecceru kadgeru leceru kutteru kalceru museru potladeru tageru adigeru cepperu pilceru poyeru vacceru tericeru nadiceru puccukonnaru vaddinceru rasenu


Page 214

3rd sing. masc: ‘du’ ending ‘e’


*sound inbetween ‘a’

2nd sing : ‘vu’ ending 1st plu: ‘mu’ ending


Page 215

Conversational Telugu English verb

Continuous 1st person sing

(Informal)

go do re ad see sell give e at (I) be h e ar t e ll buy plough speak b rin g wash arise sew burn close fight d rin k ask say call go (I) come o p en walk take serve write

vellutunnanu cestunnanu caduvutunnanu custunnanu ammutunnanu istunnanu tintunnanu untunnanu, unnanu vintunnanu cepputunnanu kontunnanu dunnutunnanu matladtunnanu testunaanu kaadhugutunnanu lestunaanu kuttutunanu kalustunnanu mustunnanu potladtunnanu tagutunaanu adugutunnanu cepptunaanu pilustunnanu potunaanu vastunnanu terustunnanu nadustunnanu puccukontunnanu vaddistunnanu rastunaanu

vellu ceyi caduvu cudu ammu iyyi, ivvu t in u undu vinu ceppu konu dunnu matladu te kaadhugu le kuttu kalcu muyi potladu tagu adugu ceppu p ilu po ra (Ra) t e ru n ad u puccuko vaddincu rayi


Imperative

(Formal) vellandi ceyandi cadavandi cudandi amman d i ivvandi, iyyandi tinandi undandi vinandi ceppandi konandi dunnandi matladadni tendi kaadhaagandi levandi kuttandi kalcandi muyandi potladani tagandi adagandi ceppandi pilavandi pondi ran d i teravandi nadavandi puccukonandi vaddincandi rayandi

Page 216

Conversational Telugu Present – Past

Participles

English verb

Verb stem

Infinitive

Present

Past

me e t le arn wait cry join/enroll f all sneeze scold laugh put/keep sit stand climb take t h in k sweep wash strike t ie sleep excuse yawn h id e p ou r get wet get down wipe put p u ll untie carry

kalus nercukon kacukon edus/edic cerus/ceric p ad tummu tid/titt navvu pad/pett kurcun nunoun ekku tiskon alocis/alocinc tudus/tuduc utuk kod/kott kad/katt padukon mannis/manic awalis/avalinc das/dac pos/poc tadus digu tudus/tuduc ves lagu vippu mo s

kalaya nercukona kacukona edava ceruca padda t u mma titta navva petta kurcuna (kurco) nuncuna (nunco) ekka tiskona alocinca tudava utaka kotta katta padukona mannica avalinca daca, daya poya tadava diga tudava veya laga vippa moya

kalustunna nercukontunna kavukontunna edustunna cerustunna padtunna tummutunna tidtunna navvutunna pedtunna kurcutunna nuncuntunna ekkutunna tisukontunna alocistunna tudustunna utukutunna kodtunna kadtunna padkontunna mannistunna avalistunna dastunna postunna tadustunna digutunna tudustunna vesttunna lagutunna vipputunna mostunna

kalisina nercukonna kacukonna edicina c(keorincina padina (padda) tummina tittina navvina pettina kurcunna (cunina) nuncuna (cunina) ekkina tisukonna (konina) alocincina tudicina utikina kottina kattina padukonna mannicina avalincina dacina posina tadisina digina tudicina vesina lagina vippina mosina


Page 217

Conversational Telugu Present – Future Tense

Past Tense

English verb

1st Person Sting

2nd Plu & 3rd Person

1st Person Sing



kalustanu nercukontanu kacukontanu edustanu cerustanu padtanu tummutanu tidtanu navvutanu pedtanu kurcuntanu nuncuntanu ekkutanu tiskontnu alocistanu tudustanu utuktanu kodtanu kadtanu padukontanu mannistanu avalistanu datanu postana tadustanu digutanu tudustanu vestanu lagutaanu vipputanu mostanu

kallustaru nercukontaru kancukontaru edustaru cerustaru padtaru tummutaru tidtaru navvutaru pedtaru kurcuntaru nencentaru ekkutaru tiskontaru alocistaru tudustaru utuktaru kodtaru kadtaru padukontaru mannistaru avalistaru dastaru postaru tadustaru digutaru tudustaru vetaru lagutaru vipputaru mostaru

kalisenu nercukonnanu kacukonnanu edicenu cericemi paddanu tummenu tittenu navvenu pettenu kurcunnanu nuncunnanu ekkenu tisukonnenu alocincenu tudicenu utikenu kottenu kattenu padukonnanu mannicenu avalincenu dacenu posenu tadisenu digenu tudicenu vesnu lagenu vippenu mosenu

kaliseru nercukonnaru kacukonnaru edceru cerceru paddaru tummeru titteru navveru petteru kurcunnaru nencunnaru ekkeru tisukonnaru alocinceru tudiceru utikeru kotteru katteru padukonnaru manhiceru avalinceru daceru poseru tadiseru digeru tudiceru veseru lageru vipperu moseru


Page 218

Conversational Telugu Imperative English verb

Continuous 1st Person Sing

1st Person Sing



kalustunnanu nercukontunnanu kacukontunnanu edustunnanu cerustunaanu padtunnanu tummutunpanu tidtunnanu navutunnanu pedtunnanu kurcutunnanu nuncuntunnanu ekkutunnaanu tisukontunnanu alocistunnanu tudustunnanu utukuturmanu kodtunaanu kadtunaanu padukontunnanu mannistunaanu avalistunnanu dastunnanu postunnanu tadustunnanu digutunnanu tudustunnanu vestunnanu lagutunnanu vipputunnanu mostunnanu

kalusuko nercuko kacuko ed u cercu p ad u tummu tittu navvu pettu kurco nujco ekku tisuko alocincu tudu utuku kottu kattu paduko mannincu avalincu dacu poyi tadu digu tudu veyi lagu vippu moyi

kalukondi nercukondi kacukondi edavadni cercandi padandi tummandi tittandi navvandi pettandi kurcondi nuncondi ekkandi tissukondi alocincandi tudavandi utakandi kottandi kattandi padukondi mannicandi avalincandi dacandi poyandi tadavandi digandi tudavandi veyandi lagandi vippandi moyandi


Page 219

Conversational Telugu Accident A vidhi mulalo oka pramadam em jarigindi? Oka china pillani eddu tokkesindi a pillaku em jarigindi? tvaraga cheppu talaki pedda gayam tagilindi kani, pilla batikindi asupatriki tisuku vellara? annandi, eddubandilo vesi tisuku vellaru sare, ippudu pilla ella undi? paravaledu, tvaraga nayam antundani daktaru chepparu. ***************** An accident at the street corner. What happened? A bullock ran over a little child. What happened to the child? Say quick! Severe injury on head, but life saved. Did they take to the hospital? Yes, they took (it) to the hospital by a bullock cart. Okay, how is he child now? Not so bad! Doctor says the child will be okay soon.


Page 220

Conversational Telugu Doctor and Nurse – Vaccination daktarugaru, narsu gramaniki vastaru gramamlo manushyulu oka chota cherataru pillalu, peddavallu anta unnaru daktaru, narsu injukshanu, mandu tisuku vacharu andaru varasaga nilchunnaru narsu sudi vedi nillalo vesi, subhram chestundi andaruku datktaru sudi vestadu (not so common) okalla taruvata okallu injekshanu cheinchukuntaru. *************************** The doctor and nurse come to the village. The people of the village assemble at one place. Children, grown ups --- all are there. The doctor and the nurse bring with them ‘vaccination medicine’ The people stand in a row. The nurse cleans the needle by dropping it in boiling water. The doctor vaccinates all the people. One by one, they get vaccinated.


Page 221

Conversational Telugu Sickness – people adi evarandi ? (hon you) ayana ma nannagaru ayana ontlo baga leda? nalugu rojula nundi chala jvaramga undi asupatriki tisuku vellara? annandi, ninna tisuku vellanu. daktarugaru em annaru? chali jvaram annaru? mandu emaina ichara? Avunu, icharu. ante tvaraga sari padtundi khangaru padkandi bhagavantude kapadali ****************** Who is that? That is my father. Is he not well? He has been having high fever for the last four days. Did you take him to the hospital? Yes, yesterday I took him to the hospital. What did the doctor say? He said it was ‘cold fever’. Did he give any medicine? Yes, he did. Everything will be alright soon. Don’t worry. Prepared specially for my Favt Actress “SAMANTHA”

Page 222

Oh, God help us.



Page 223

Conversational Telugu Sickness – Animal. mi avuku em vyadhi (jabbu) mi avuku em antaru (cow disease) jantuvula asupatriki tisuku vellara? ledandi, aspatri chala duram nenu mi avuni chudana? miku avula gurinchi telusa? konchem telusu. jantu vaidyam jurinchi konchem chadivenu edo laga upakaram cheyyandi nenu cheyaligindi chestanu devudu mimmalni kapadatadu. I avu caccipote ma bratukutervu potundi badha padakandi. avuki oka injukshanu iste saripotundi ************* What is your cow suffering from? They say it is suffering from a (Cattle disease) Did you take it to the veterinary hospital? No, the hospital is very far away. Shall I take a look at the cow? Do you know about cows? I know a little. I have studied about veterinary science. Somehow help us. I will do whatever I can. God bless you. If this cow dies, we will lose our livelihood. Don’t worry. It will be alright if the cow is inoculated.


Page 224

Conversational Telugu Rice Cultivation 1. 2.

3.

4

5.

6.

mallu manchi rakam vittanalu tisukochi eruvu postam. vittanalu challataniki mundu baga nalugu aydu sarlu dunnatam, tarvata todugu tolatamu ekaraniki naluugu sentala madi tayaru chesukoni andulo muphya nalabhay kejila ammonium salfetu challutam. taruvata nillu pedtam varam rojulaku molaka vastundi. tarvata avassaramaithe padi kejila ammoniyam salfetu vestam. tarvata purugu edayana patte tegulla callucam, malli naru lagaboye endrin challutam nella panta aithe anni varalu, penchali taycung neity variki iravay okka rojula nunchi iravay nalugu rojula vareku naru penchali.

Polam bagu cheyadam 1. perige sariki manam chenu bagu 2. nalugu ayudu sarlu dunni nillu petti cheyali. gatlanni subram cheyali ipudu bhumi redi ga undi.

1. 2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

Nurseries We bring the best variety of seeds and raise the nurseries. We plough the land four or five times. before sowing the seeds. Then we draw the heavy branch of tree. We pick up a seed bed of 4 cents. per an acre and apply ammonium phosphate of 30 or 40 kgs. Then we water it. The seeds will germinate in about a week. Then we apply ammonium sulphate of 10 Kgs if necessary. If there is any incidence of pests we will apply insecticides. We sprinkle endrin before pulling out the seedings. We must grow the seedlings for the same number of weeks as the number of months the crop takes. Usually Taicung Native needs to be raised for 21 to 24 days.

Preparing the land 1. By the time the nurseries grow up we must prepare the field. 2. We must plough the land four or five times and then water it and then plough it with water. The bundus must be chopped off cleanly. Now the field is ready.


Page 225

Conversational Telugu Eruvulu 1. dunnataniki mundu basvaraputervurlu potasiyam eruvurlu veyyali. avasaram aithe natrajani eruvulu guda kalipi veyali 2. Vanga natataniki mundu ekaraniki 100 kejila supar posphet, nalabhay kejila poatasiyam salfetu yabhay kejila ammonium salfetu kalipi veyyali.

Natlu 1. ekaraniki padi mandi kulilu avasaram avutaru 2. madi nunchi naru piki pill cesi vesukovali

3. mokkaku mokkaku aru angulalanundi enimidi angulala duram undettu chudali 4.iravay roula tarvata kalupu tiyyali. malli eruvu veyyelsi untundi. yabhay kejila ammoniyam salfetu kalpali.

Fertilizers. 1. We have to apply phospatic and potassic fertilizers before transplantation. We may also and nitrogenous fertilizers if necessary. 3. You must apoly 100 Kgs super phosphate 40 Kgs potassium sulfate and 50 Kgs ammonium sulfate before planation.

Planting 1. Ten labourers are necessary for each acre. 2. you must pull out the seedlings from the seed bed and make them into bundle. Then spread them in the field. 3. You must see to it that the distance between one plant and the other is between 6” to 8”. 4. Weeding should take place after twenty days. Then it needs fertilizers a second time. Some 50 Kgs of ammonium sulfate will do.

telgulu mandulu 1. padihenu rojulaku tegullu rakapoyina mundu jagratta ekaraniki aru avunsula endrin lo kalipi challali.


Pesticides 1. You must apply six ounces of endrin, mixed with water fifteen days after planting as a precautionary measure, whether or not there is incidence of pests.

Page 226

Conversational Telugu 2.

3. 4.

5. 6.

cung netiv ayite blaytu vastundi. mundu jagretta kosam maro iravay rojula tarvata malli endrin challali vati to patu mudu gramula streptoklin iravay ayidu gelanala nillalo kalipi challali. tarvata potta midiki vacchetapudu sadaranamga vuca tegullu vastundi aa tegullu nivarana nimittam September akharu lo gani aktobaru modatlo gani ekariniki enimidi avunsula endrin callali. tamidiki vachinapudu I tegulla mandu challatam chala avasaram andukante I tegulla mandu challatam chala avasaram

2.

3. 4.

5. 6.

1.

Chung netiv ayite nalugu nellaki akkulu ayite ayidu nelleku pantaku vastundi

1.

2.

em kanki muggina tarvata kota

2.

3.

kosi kuppa vesi masulu cheyyali

3.


Tai Cung native is susceptible to bligh. So, as a precautionary measure you must apply endrin again after another 20 days. Along with it you must also apply 3 grams of Strepto cyelin mixed in 25 gallons of water. When the crop comes to shoot blade stage stem Borer may attack. To prevent it you must spread eight ounces of endrin per acre whether at the end of September of beginning of October It is very essential to spray endrin at the shoot blade stage. Because if you don’t spray these pesticides the crop will become a waste.

Harvesting Tai Chung native takes four months to be ready for harvesting but the local ‘gutti akkali’ takes five months. When hardening of the grain takes place you must cut the crop. After cutting the crop you must stack them in bundles and then thresh it.

Page 227

Conversational Telugu 1.

…. chesina danyanni mamula intiki 1. toluku veltuntaru. leda beram aithe kallallone ammutaru danyam amma dalcukoute konni payalu 2. guda unnay. kovaparetivu ytila dvara ammoccu leda denkullo va betti dabbu teesukonavachu dara vacche varaku nilavachsu ammvachuu a vidanga nilava chesinapudu daniki purugu patta kunda tagu jagarata tisukovali. mula chutta gani purula mida gani chesi mandu challali vyavasayam cheyataniki kavalsina vallu tegula mandulu gavarnamentu depollo dorukutayi. vitiki appulu istaru.

3. 4.

5. 6.


Marketing Usually the paddy will be moved to the house. Or they may sell it on the threshing ground if necessary. There are some conveniences for the farmers to sell the produce. He can sell through the cooperative societies or may pledge it in a bank and take money. The farmer can stock his produce until he gets a better price. When the produce is stored the farmer should take the necessary precautions against insects. You must spray BHC either on the bags or no the storage places. All the pesticides and fertilizers needed for this crop are available in the Government depots. Loans also can be obtained for these.

Page 228

Conversational Telugu niti paurdala O raghu garu! bagunnara? ha: randi, randi, nukosam chustunanu. eppudocceru? bagunnera? sareganu, cenuku miru parinchataniki em cheyali? a. em ledu, kaluvalu eppudu chenuku eguvana parutu untai. ante kaluvala nundi celaku niru parataniki baga viluga untundannamata. ha: atlaga (a)ndi? aithe, bagundi. dinni gurinchi appude erpatu chesrannamata ippudu kalvalanundi cheluku niru pettataniki, chela Madhya panta bodelu chesukovali, ha: a tarvata em cheyyali? tarvata I panta bodela nundi sayfanu gottam davara chelaku niru panchukovachu

Irrigation Ha:

h a: h a:

Hello, Raghu! how are you? Come on. Come on please. I am looking for you. When did you come. How do you do? what should I do to see that water flows into the field? Oh! That’s easy. Canals will be always flowing at a higher level than the fields. That means, there is (even) possiblitliy to the water to flow into the field. Is that so? Then, it is fine. So you have already made arrangements. Irrigation channels must be made between field to get the water flowed into them. What should be done afterwards? Then, from these irrigation channels, let the water flow into the field with (the helpf of) syphons.


Page 229

Conversational Telugu Survey for Soil Conservation bhu samrakshana a: tu:

tu: tu: tu: tu: tu:

tu:

tu: tu: tu: tu: tu:

tu:

emandi koteshgaru! bagunnara? o! eppudo voccere a. poddunne vochenandi. miru idivaraku mi bhumi gurinchi adgaru. Veldama polaniki. randi. veldamandi. mi celilo undi, emiti? idi levelaru. idi ettupallalu telusu aniki paniki vostundi atlaga (a)ndi? mi polam daggiriaki veldam, padandi a I polam nalla bhumandi. cala vompulu unnai avnu. em cheyali? itu chudandi. chala vompulu unnai. diniki kattalu kattataru chala avasaram avunu kattalu kattaka pote I matti anta kottuku potunid pantulu sariga pandavu. taruvata konni samvacharalato purtiga moram migili potundi avunu. em cheyyamantaru duniki na daggira oka pani muttu undi. danito kotatalu tisukoni kattalu ela poyelo nenu cheptanu. a gurtulu pedtanu. a vidhamga kattalu poyinchandi. chala manchidanid. ala cheste matti kottuku podu. manchi panta pandu tindi. atlaga (a) ndi? antekaka, enta vana padda, saripada nillu nilustai u. aite diniki enta dabbu avtundi? aha. ekkuvem kaadhaandi. ekaraniki ebhayayudu minchadu. intena? ante. anta kante ekkuva kaadhu. naku padi ekaralu undi. kani inta dabbu ledu. em cheyyali? o! alaga? aite nenu sahakare sanghala davara gani, vyavasaya sekha munchi gani, blak afisu nunchi gani miku ippinche prayatnam chestanu sare. manoidandi, cheyyandi.


Page 230

Conversational Telugu a: tu: a: tu: tu:

tu: tu:

Surevey for Soil Conervation Hello, Kotesh, how are you? Oh! you have come Yes, I came in the morning. You asked me about your field sometime ago. Let us go to your field. Come on. We shall go. What is it in your hand? This is leveler (a leveling instrument). This is used to measuer the ups and downs. Is that so? Let us go to your field. Come (along) Yes. This is black soil, There are many bends. Yes what to do? (What should I do?) Look here. There are many bends. It is necessary to form contour bunds. Yes. If no bounds are formed, the soil will get eroded. The crops won’t grow well. After some years (only) gravel remains (without any soil). What should I do? I have an implement for the purpose. I explain how to measure with it and how to lay the bunds. I make those marks. Let the bunds be laid in that manner. Very good. Okay, please. If you do like that, the soil won’t … There will be good crop (also) Is that so? Apart from that, however heavy the rains are, only water needful remains Okay. Then how much money I have to spend? Not much. I won’t cost you over Rs. 55/- per acre. Only this much? That much (only). If won’t be more (than that) I have 10 acres. But I don’t have this much money, What should I do? Oh! Is that so? If it so, I will try to get you a loan either from cooperative or agriculture department or block (development) office. Okay, Good. Do it.


Page 231

Conversational Telugu ekkuva pantaniche vari rakamulu a.

bagunnara raghugaru bagunnanandi. eppudocharu? ippude bassu mida vochanu. pantalu ela unnai? vyavasayam ela undi? bagunnayandi. metta (kuski) pantalu bagunnai. vari pata naru poyaledandi vari panta annaru chudandi. mandhi kotta rakalu vachayandi, ekkuva pandevi e rakam adi? ti en van taycunga? avunu, taycung okati raka, ayar enimidi ani rendu rakalu vochinai avi pettandi. chala panta pandutundi, miku. ah a? ekaraniki mupphay aidu, nalabhay bastalu tappaku pandutayandi abba! anta pandutundi? miku ekaraku enta pandutundandi? edo; enimidi, padi bastalu pandutundandi kotta rakala to anumanam lekanda muppai aidu, nalabhai bastalu pandutundandi atlayte, ne (nu) pedtanandi pettandi miru vittanalu saplay cestara? tappakundanu, miku ematram kavalari untundi redid garu? edo, okati, rendu ekaralu pedatanandi pettandi. adoka ekaram, idoka ekaram pettandi pote; mi gramamlo vallani kanukkoni, enta kavalo cheppandi. nenu andariki pogn chesi mi gramaniki saply cestanu. vitiki eruvutu, mandutu emayana suplay chestara? tappakundanandi. eruvula dipartumentunchi kavalsinanta ekkuva erurvulu saplay chestunarandi miku pettubadi ledanukunte, appu rupamlo ippinche erpatu chestanu. manchidi ante anduvalla miru pettubadiki sandichakandi reddigaru! manchidi manchidi miku panta ekkuva pandutundi nuru rupayala nundi nutayabhay rupayalu ekaraniki ekkuva avutundi miru sandehincha vodu naku sandeham emi ledu mudu retlu panta pandutu unte miku chala gittubatuga untundi tappaka pandichalani undi, pandistar miboti vallu munduku vaste, maku santosham reddigaru! manchidi.


Page 232

Conversational Telugu Farme r: PCV: Farme r: PCF: Farme r: PCV: Farme r: PCV:

nuru vittanalu matram ivvalandi tappakunda vararm rojullo miru techi icchetalu undali varam rojullo mi gramaniki cherusta gada? manchidi nenu hami istunnam manchidi, nenu tappaka pedtanandi velli nostanandi. namaskaram


Page 233

Conversational Telugu High Yielding Variety Paddy (TN1- IR8) Raghu! How are you? Fine. When did you come? Just now I came by bus. How are the crops? How about your work in the fields? They are alright. Rain fed crops are good. Paddy nurseries are not yet sown. Oh! you talked about paddy crop. There are good high yielding varieties of paddy available. What variety is it? TN1(Taichung Native) Tai chung? Yes. TN1 and IR8 are the two varieties available. Try them. You get high yield. Is that so? You are sure target 35-40 bags per acre. Oh! will it yield so much? (By the way) how much yield do you get (with your local varieties)? A little, (I get) 8-10 bags of yield per acre. You will surely get a yield of 35-40 bags (per acre) with the new varieties. If it is so, I will try. Please try, Do you supply the seeds? Sure, how much of seed do you require Mr. Reddy? I’ll try one or two acres. Please try. Try one variety in one acre and the other in another acre. More over please talk to your villagers and tell (me) how much you (all) need. I’ll supply to (all) your village. Do you supply any fertilizers and pesticides to these (the new variety seeds)? Surely (without fail) they (the government) are supplying as much fertilizers as required from the (Agriculture) department. If you feel you don’t have enough money, I will arrange to issue on credit (basis). Good, that’s all. So you need not worry about money. Okay, Good. You will get more yield. It will cost (you) 100-150 Rs. extra. Do not hesitate. I don’t (am not) hesitate (ing). It will be more profitable when you get three times of the yield. I would like to grow more, I do (grow). I feel happy if people like you come forward (or are interested).


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Conversational Telugu Farme r: PCV: Farme r: PCV: Farme r: PCV: Farme r: PCV:

You should supply (us) the seed, that’s all. Sure, sure. You must be able to supply in about a week. I’ll see that they are supplied within a week. Okay I assure you. (that’s) good. I’ll try. See you again, Thank you.


Page 235

Conversational Telugu Demonstration Plot Paddy Variety emandi janaru bagunnara? bagunnanandi, Raghava reddi garu. randi. Tandi., ide ravatama? ide rayatamandi kurchondi oka pani mide vochanandi cheppandi nenu mie bata pakka polamlo oka pradarasana ksetram pettalanukunnanu. ma daggaraku kotta viltanalu vochayi. a viltanalaku, mi vittanalaki bhedam chusi raytulaku cheppalani anukunnanu. marimiru sarenatiara? tappakunda. chudandi atuvantade naku oka ekaram nela unnadi. manchi nela, ayte miru cheyinchandi. atuvanti danilo cheyali platu chusanandi bagundi levelga ayte dantlo tiyanvan vittanam tiyaanavanna? tiyanvan ane kotta vitanam pedtanu miru mamuluga pette vittanam pedtaru bhedam enta panta vostundo chupistanu. tappakunda chupichandi mari, miru daniki cheyavalsina vidhulanni. nenu chappinatle cheyali tappakunda chestandni cheppandi a pantanu pandince vidhanam cheptanu. vinandi chudandi bhumini baga dunnali uhu? miru I varam lopalu eppudayana naru poyali. Oka padi kilolu tiyanvan istanu miru padi kilola eccar padhommidi lika esserlo padaharu. – I rendintito naru poyandi. taruvta iravayyokato rojuna manam maru tiyavalsi untundi ventane natu pettavalsi untundi. ayte manam natu pettartariki bhumi baga tayaru cheyalli. naru baga tayaru cheyalante rendu sarlu mandu kottali. em mandandi. endrinu streptocayklin, ane mandulu mem istamu. kottali baga bhumini atu itu dunnali padi, padinhinu bandla eruvu veyyali. rendu mudu ballu pacchi aku vesi malli baga dunnali. taruvata akharn sari, yonda kilola supar younda kilola ammoniya mupphay kilola potasu kalip dammulo vesi alukundu cheyyali a taruvata japanu paddheit assarinchali.


Page 236

Conversational Telugu Japan paddathi ante emitandi? mokkaku mokkaku Madhya aru leka enimidi angulala duram undali oho! slla paddhata? avunu. dinito kalupu tiyatam sulabhamga untundi. kalup etla tisttara miku telusa? vidaru ani untundi. ‘dinne millallo dunne guntaka’ antaru. aha! aha! dante. dante. a dantito dunnite, nellu kadili, pilakalu petti, ekkuva panta ivvataniki vilu untundi. endrinu, sayklin, ane mandu memu sapy chestamu ayi kanisam mudhsarlu padihen rojulaku oka sari pichikaru cheyali. toppakundanu oka sari ammoniya kuda Vonda kilolu veyyali. baga vidaru kotti konchem polam arabettali. sare taruvata, niru matram oka nela varelin takkuva, takkuva unchali. a nelo rojula tarvata baga mudu angulala mandam unchundali. vuhu ide vidhamga mi rendo madilo kuda saripoyinante eruvu veyyali. rendu mallalo payru kosi, veruveruga nurchi pantalo teda chuddam. alagenandni na anchana prakaram mi rakam sumam iravay bastalu pandutundi. nenu ichina rakam valla ekaraniki sumaru mupphyayudu bastalu padi tirali. padihemi bastalu ekkuva pandhutundi annamate. mirakam dhanyam basta kharidu nalabhay rupaylo ekaraniki 800 Rs. vostundi. alangandi nenu inchina dhanyam dhene bastaku 35 Rs appudu 35 bastalaku 1225 Rs. vostundi leda 425 Rs. undi sarenandi kanisam miku 425 Rs. adyam vostundi anamata. eruvulaku, mandultin 200 Rs/- adanamga kharchu avtundi. appudu kuda 225 Rs. labham vastundi ani khacchitamga cheptanu. bagundi. pettubadiki miku avakshram ayte appuge ippinchdaniki kuda nenu erpatu chestamu sare manchindi tappaka prayathanlu chesi unclandi. appudu nenu viltanalutuisukochi, naru poyinchi anni cheppi potanu. manchidi. sareandi namaskaram.


Page 237

Conversational Telugu Demonstration Plot Paddy Variety Hello, Mr. John! How are you? Fine, thank you Mr. Rajahava Reddy Please come in. Are you coming just now? Yes, I am coming just now. Take your seat please. I have come with a purpose (I have some things to tell you). (please) say. I thought of opening (starting) a demonstration center in your road side field. We got a new (variety) of seeds. I thought explaining to the farmers the difference between the new variety and the variety you have. Do you accept this? (Do you like it?) Surely. (I do) (Look here) listen please. I have an acre of land of the same type. If it is a fertile land please try (on that) your demonstration. (The demonstration) should be done on such (a land). I have seen the plot. It is (really) good. If it is leveled, IN1 seed… IN1? I sow the IN1 seed. You sow your usual (local) variety. I’ll show you the difference in the yields. Surely, Show (me). Then, you should adopt all the methods I tell you (suggest). I am sure to do. Please say. I tell (you) how to grow crop. Please watch. Look here. You must plough the land well. Is that so? You have to sow the nursery anytime during this week. I give you 10 kilos of IN1. You sow the nursery of either HR19 or SLO16 along with TN1. We have to pull the nursery after 21 days. (We have to) plant them soon. But, we have to prepare the fields properly. (very well). To prepare the seedlings well, (we) have to spray pesticides. What pesticides (s)? We supply you pesticide called Endrin Streptomycin. (You) have to spray (them). The field should be well ploughed 10 to 15 cart loads of farm-yard manure should be applied. The field should be ploughed well again after applying 2 to 3 cart loads of beaf manure. Afterwards, lastly 100 Kgs of super phosphate, 100 Kgs of ammonium sulphate, and 30 Kgs of muriate of potash should be applied together in the final puddle. After this, Japanese method should be followed (adapated).


Page 238

Conversational Telugu What is meant by Janapenese method (of cultivation)? There should be a space of 6” to 8” left between the plants. Oh! (It is) the line planting method? Yes. In this (method) weeding is easy. Do you know how to weed? There is (an impletment called) ‘weeder’. This is (also) called ‘push-hoe’. Oh! Is it ‘danti’? Yes, it is ‘danti’ (a push-hoe). If this implement (danti) is used the roots prune and there will be scope for increasing the tillering and the yield of the crop. We, supply (you) Endrine, and Cyelin. Those you have to spray at best thrice in every fortnight. Surely. You have to apply 100 Kgs of Ammonia also one (in a fortnight). Dry up the field after using the push-hoe to a certain extent. Okay. Then, again allow only irrigantion water in small quantities for a month. After that month keep the water up to a depth of 3” (in the field). Is it so? Is it so? In the same manner apply fertilizers to the extent necessary in other plots. Let us see the difference after harvesting the crops in the two plots separately. Okay. Please. As to my estimation approximately 20 bags of grain you get per acre using your local variety of seed. (But) with the seed I supply, you will surely get 35 bags per acre. It means that there is a difference of 15 bags in the yield. Your variety of grain fetches RS 60/- a bag (so) you get 800 Rs. per an acre. Is that so The new variety of grain suppose fetches Rs. 35/- per bag. You get 1225 Rs for 35 bags. The difference in Rs. 425. Okay. It means that you get an income of Rs. 425/- at least. You have to spend 200 Rs. extra on fertilizers and pesticides. I will say that even then you are getting an income of Rs. 225. That is very good. If you require financial help to meet the cost, I will arrange so that you can get money on credit. It is very good. Okay. You must prepare the land well and keep it. Then I bring the seed for your and demonstrate and explain everything. That is fine. Thank you.


Page 239

Conversational Telugu Role Play Amandi Raghu garu bagunnara bagunna, miru epudu ravatam? ide ravatamandi nenu mito oka kotta rakam jonna gurinchi cheppalani vachanu alaga chala bagundi. Randi ikkaadhaa arugu mida kurhcundam alage, chusaru vyavasaya sakha varu CSHI ane kotta rakam jonna vittanalu teppincharu peru konchem telugulo chappu babu atlage; CSHI sankara jati okati nembaru jonna ante saripotundi. idi kottaga jillato veydaniki teppincharu. naku kuda konni vittanalu ippinchutara. andukega nenu mi daggaraku ravadam. ee sankara jati jonna mana mamullu jonna kante ekuva pandutundi. mana jonna mettana veste 7-8 bastalu kani kottarakam manam niti kinda vese chuddam. ella veste ekaraku sumaru 20 bastalu pandu tundani vyavasaya sakha varu cheptunnaru. ekaraki 20 bastalu pandutundanatra? tappakunda 20 bastalu pandi triali mana vayavasaya sakha varu e rakam jonna konni chotla veyinche chuseru. chala mandiki 20-22 bastalu pandindi konta mandiki 25 bastalu kuda pandindanta. a vishayam nenu baga vicharinche mi daggaraku vachanu. mana lo guda e kotta rakam veyinchalani chala utshamga undi. e sare e vittanalu naku eppudu istaru? nenu oka varam rojullo payru veyyali. mariche poyanu. a payru ella veyyali. vittanalu emi kavali. anta cheppandi anta cheptanu. e payuruku kanisam naluger tallu nillu pettali idi chala mukhyam payru baga mettaga dunnali. ekaraku 4 kilolu kavali. idi baga manduto suddi chesi kani sanchullo miku anda chestaru. nene svayanga techi miku istanu. sarena? ayte mari manchidi. calinamta tema lekapote konchem niru petti tarvata vittanalu veyyali bagundi. mari eruvula sangati cheptara? cheppalenu kontunnanu. e kottarakam jonnaku ekaraku mudu vandela paunla supar pasphetu aravay pavnla potasu eruvu raka dukkilo veyyali. vetito pali rendu pavna ammoniyam salfetu kuda veyyali. payru vesina taruvata meroka vandal pavunlu ammoniyam salfetu veyyali. chala eruruvulu veyyale. vittannitiki dabbu enta avutundo. entantdi annitaki kalipi sumaru nuta aravay rupayalu avutundi vittanalu nalgu laku nalabhay rupayalu. eruvulanni maku ekkaadhaa dorukutay babu?


Page 240


PCV:

ivanni vyavasaya sakha dipologani sahakara sangalalo gain dorukutay. a erpatlanni vyavasaya sakha varu custannaru inkokka visayam. miru mukhyanga gamanincali.

R:

alagayte a cidala gurinci a mandule gurinci kasta vipulanga ceppandi babu. i cedalu tegullu ante naku cala bhayam

PCV:

oho, tappakunda ceptanu. i payruku modati nundi purugula mandulu gagrettaga upayosincali. i visayal anni nenu cusukontanu appudappudu vacee a mandulu vade paddati miku cupistuntanu. dani gurinci miremi bhaya pada vaddu, an!

R:

alagayte cala mancidi. i mandulaku enta kercu avtundi

PCV:

an ento kaadhu. ekraku nalafay rupa yelo kavacu. i adanapu karcul anni ponu miku ekaraku nammakanga rendu vandal yabhay migultundandi vittanalu nelugu aydu rojullo tecci istanu mari velli rana?

R:

sare mancidi velli randi namaste

PCV:

namaste.


Page 241

Conversational Telugu Role Play

PCV:

How are you? Mr. Raghu.

R:

Oh, fine. When did you come?

PCV:

I came a while ago. I want to talk to your about a new variety of jonna.

R:

Oh! Is that right. It is time. Please come on in, let us sit on this arugu. (raised mound)

PCV:

Okay. You see, the agriculture department has brought a new variety of jonna seeds called CSHI.

R:

What is that name? Please tell me in Telugu.

PCV:

Okay. CSHI can simply be called a hybrid seed. This has been brought recently to be planted in our district.

R:

If it so, will you please get me some seeds?

PCV:

It is only for that purpose I came here. This hybrid variety yields more than the ordinary (local) one. Your local jonna give 7 or 8 bags under dry conditions. Let us try this variety under irrigated conditions. The agriculture department says it give an yield of twenty bags per an acre.

R:

Oh! Do you say it yields twenty bags?

PCV:

Oh sure. It should yield 20 bags. Government agriculture department has tried this variety of jonna at several places. Many people have got an yield of 20-22 bags. For some people it yielded 25 bags. I came to you only after considering all the matters. I am very much interested in trying this variety in our village.

R:

Then, when do you give me these seeds? I have to sow the seeds in a week. Oh, I forgot. How should I sow that corp. How many seeds do I need? Please explain to me everything.

PCV:

Oh, sure I will tell you everything. You must water the crop at least four times. This is very important. The field must be ploughed well. An acre needs four kilos. These will be supplied to you in clean sealed bags. I will give them to you personally. Okay?

R:

Then it is wonderful.

PCV:

If the field is not wet enough we must water it before sowing the seeds.

R:

That’s very good. Will you tell me about fertilizers?

PCV:

I am about to tell you the same thing. This variety needs 300 pounds of super phosphate variety and 60 pounds of potassium phosphate per acre. Along with these you must also apply 200 pounds of ammonium sulphate and the same must be repeated after germination.

R:

Oh, my goodness I need so many fertilizers! How much money do I need?

PCV:

Oh, not much. Altogether it costs Rs 160/ per acre. The seeds cost 40 Rs per ton KGr.


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R:


Where can we get all these fertilizers?


Page 243


PCV:

All these are available either in the agriculture depots or in the corporation societies. The Agriculture Department is looking after all these arrangements. Another important factor you have to notice is that this variety is more susceptible for pests and diseases, and you must use all insecticides to eradicate them.

R:

In that case please explain to me in detail all about the pests and the insecticides. I am really afraid of these things.

PCV:

Sure. You must carefully apply pesticides from the beginning. I will take care of all these things. I will come here now and then show you how to use these. So please don’t get scared about them.

R:

Then it is okay. How much does it cost for all these pesticides?

PCV:

Not much. Only around Rs. 40 per acre. You will get net profit of Rs 250 per acre inspite of all the additional expenditure. I will get those seeds for you in about four or five days. Okay, I take leave.

R:

Fine. Thanks.

PCV:

Thanks.


Page 244

Conversational Telugu Pronunciation Guide

The following symbols represent the sounds of colloquial Telugu. Most of them are similar to sounds we use in English and are therefore easy to use. You should take special note of the two diagrammed sets of sounds in Telugu which are either used differently in English or not used at all. Vowel Sounds Telugu Sound

English Equivalent

a

but

a

father

i

bit

i

seat

u

put

u

boot

e

pet

e

fate

o o

fold token

Consonant Sounds k

ticker

kh

camel

g

game

gh

tag her (pronounce together quickly)

c

stitcher

ch

church

j

jump


Page 245

jh



large house (pronounce together quickly)

Page 246

Consonant Sounds (cont’d)


t

wrote

th

taught

d

daunt

dh

scole her

t th d dh n n y r l l v

feet teach deat lead her neat lawn year see diagram lead see diagram midway between ‘v’ and ‘w’ bag drab hill lap fore search shiver head

b bh p f s sh h

Be sure to differentiate sounds with and without and ‘h’ after them. Strike a match and hold it in front of your mouth. When you say ‘th’, ‘dh’, ‘th’, ‘dh’, ‘gh’, ‘kh’, ‘bh’, the flame should go out or almost go out. When you say ‘t’, ‘d’, ‘t’, ‘d’, ‘g’, ‘k’, ‘b’, ‘p’ the flame should hardly weaver at all. When you say ‘hear’ you blow out a puff of air; try to avoid that puff of air when you pronounce ‘t’, ‘d’, ‘k’, ‘p’, etc.


Page 247

Conversational Telugu Pronunciation Guide Diagram

1, n, t (th), d, (dh)

t, (th), d, (dh), r

Sounds pronounced with back

Sounds pronounced with tongue forward

Image

Image

1 the the

Fold your tongue back so that the tip of tongue almost touches the back part of roof of your mouth. Then flap your tongue forward while saying ‘law’.

n your

This time, touch the back of the roof of mouth with the tip of your tongue and say ‘naught’

t

(th) and d (dh) Pronounce these as already described in the pronunciation guide but sure that your tongue is in the same place for ‘n’.

be as

t and a

r it


(th) and d (dh) Put your tongue, directly behind your teeth (as when you say then) pronounce tear and dear with-and without puff of air.

With your tongue a little further back flap up against the roof of your mouth. It is a rolled ‘r’

Page 248

Conversational Telugu TELUGU WEB CHART


Page 249

Conversational Telugu Present and Past

Participles

English verb

Verb stem

Infinitive

Present

Past

go do read se e sell give eat eat (I) be hear tell buy plough speak bring wash arise se w burn close fight drink ask say call go (I) come open walk take serve write

vell ce s caduvu cus ammu is/ico tin tin un vin cepp ko n dunn matlad tes/tecc kaadhug les/lec kutt (kud) kalus/kalcu mus potlad tag adug cepp pilus/pilc po vas/vacc terus/teric nadu/nadic puccukon vaddis/vaddinc ras

vella ce y a cadava cuda amma ivva tina tina unda vina ceppa kona dunna matlada te kaadhaaga leva kutta kalca muya potlada taga adaga ceppa pilava po ra terava nadava puccukona vaddinca raya

vellutunna cestunna caduvutunna custunna ammutunna istunna tintunna tintuna (unna) untunna (vinna) vintunna cepputunna kontunna dunnutunna matladtunna testunna kaadhugutunna lestunna kuttutunna kalustunna mustunna potladtunna tagutunna adugutunna cepptunna pilustunna potunna vastunna terustunan nadustunna puccukontunna vaddistunna rastunna

vellina cesina cadivina cusina ammina iccina tinna tinna unna, undina vinna, vinina ceppina konna dunnina matladina teccina kadigina lecina kuttina kalcina musina potladina tagina adigina ceppina pilcina poyina vaccine tercina nadcina puccukonna vaddincina rasina (konia)

(I) – irregular verb


Page 250

Conversational Telugu Present-Future Tense

Past Tense

English verb

1st person sing

2nd person sing

1st person sing

2nd plus and 3rd

go do read se e sell give eat (I ) be hear tell buy plough speak bring wash arise se w burn close fight drink ask say call go (I) come open walk take serve write

velltanu cestanu caduvtanu custanu ammutanu istanu tintanu untanu vintanu cepptanu kontanu dunntanu matladtanu testanu kaadhugtanu lestanu kuttutanu kalustanu mustanu potladtanu tagunanu adugtanu cepptanu pilustanu potanu vastanu terustanu nadustanu puccukontanu vaddistanu rastanu

velltaru cestaru caduvutaru custaru ammutaru istaru tintaru untaru vintaru cepptaru kontara dunntaru matladtaru testaru kaadhugutaru lestaru kuttutaru kalustaru mustaru potladtaru tagtaru adugtaru cepptaru pilustaru potaru vastaru terustaru nadustaru puccukontaru vaddistaru rastaru

vellenu* cesenu cadivenu cusenu ammenu iccenu tinnanu unnanu, undinanu vinnanu cepenu konnanu dunnenu matladenu teccenu kadgenu lecenu kuttenu kalcentu musenu potladenu tagenu adigenu ceppenu pilcenu poyenu vaccenu tericenu nadicenu puccukonnanu vaddincenu rasenu

pveelrlseoru n ceseru cadiveru cuseru ammeru icceru tainnaru unnaru vinnaru cepperu konnaru dunneru matladeru tecceru kadgeru leceru kutteru kalceru museru potladeru tageru adigeru cepperu pilceru poyeru vacceru tericeru nadiceru puccukonnaru vaddinceru rasenu

3rd sing. masc: ‘du’ ending ‘e’ Prepared specially for my Favt Actress “SAMANTHA”

*sound inbetween ‘a’

Page 251

2nd sing : ‘vu’ ending


1st plu: ‘mu’ ending


Page 252

Conversational Telugu English verb

Continuous 1st person sing

(Informal)

go do read se e sell give eat (I) be hear tell buy plough speak bring wash arise se w burn close fight drink ask say call go (I) come open walk take serve write

vellutunnanu cestunnanu caduvutunnanu custunnanu ammutunnanu istunnanu tintunnanu untunnanu, unnanu vintunnanu cepputunnanu kontunnanu dunnutunnanu matladtunnanu testunaanu kaadhugutunnanu lestunaanu kuttutunanu kalustunnanu mustunnanu potladtunnanu tagutunaanu adugutunnanu cepptunaanu pilustunnanu potunaanu vastunnanu terustunnanu nadustunnanu puccukontunnanu vaddistunnanu rastunaanu

vellu ce y i caduvu cudu ammu iyyi, ivvu tinu undu vinu ceppu konu dunnu matladu te kaadhugu le kuttu kalcu muyi potladu tagu adugu ceppu pilu po ra (Ra) teru nadu puccuko vaddincu rayi


Imperative

(Formal) vellandi ceyandi cadavandi cudandi ammandi ivvandi, iyyandi tinandi undandi vinandi ceppandi konandi dunnandi matladadni tendi kaadhaagandi levandi kuttandi kalcandi muyandi potladani tagandi adagandi ceppandi pilavandi pondi randi teravandi nadavandi puccukonandi vaddincandi rayandi

Page 253

Conversational Telugu Present – Past

Participles

English verb

Verb stem

Infinitive

Present

Past

meet learn wait cry join/enroll fall sneeze scold laugh put/keep sit stand climb take think sw e e p wash strike tie sleep excuse yawn hide pour get wet get down wipe put pull untie carry

kalus nercukon kacukon edus/edic cerus/ceric pad tummu tid/titt navvu pad/pett kurcun nunoun e kku tiskon alocis/alocinc tudus/tuduc utuk kod/kott kad/katt padukon mannis/manic awalis/avalinc das/dac pos/poc tadus digu tudus/tuduc v es lagu vippu mos

kalaya nercukona kacukona edava ceruca padda tumma titta navva petta kurcuna (kurco) nuncuna (nunco) e kka tiskona alocinca tudava utaka kotta katta padukona mannica avalinca daca, daya poya tadava diga tudava veya laga vippa moya

kalustunna nercukontunna kavukontunna edustunna cerustunna padtunna tummutunna tidtunna navvutunna pedtunna kurcutunna nuncuntunna ekkutunna tisukontunna alocistunna tudustunna utukutunna kodtunna kadtunna padkontunna mannistunna avalistunna dastunna postunna tadustunna digutunna tudustunna vesttunna lagutunna vipputunna mostunna

kalisina nercukonna (konina kacukonna edicina cericina padina (padda) tummina tittina navvina pettina kurcunna (cunina) nuncuna (cunina) ekkina tisukonna (konina) alocincina tudicina utikina kottina kattina padukonna mannicina avalincina dacina posina tadisina digina tudicina vesina lagina vippina mosina


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Conversational Telugu Present – Future Tense

Past Tense

English verb

1st Person Sting


1st Person Sing



kalustanu nercukontanu kacukontanu edustanu cerustanu padtanu tummutanu tidtanu navvutanu pedtanu kurcuntanu nuncuntanu ekkutanu tiskontnu alocistanu tudustanu utuktanu kodtanu kadtanu padukontanu mannistanu avalistanu datanu postana tadustanu digutanu tudustanu vestanu lagutaanu vipputanu mostanu

kallustaru nercukontaru kancukontaru edustaru cerustaru padtaru tummutaru tidtaru navvutaru pedtaru kurcuntaru nencentaru ekkutaru tiskontaru alocistaru tudustaru utuktaru kodtaru kadtaru padukontaru mannistaru avalistaru dastaru postaru tadustaru digutaru tudustaru vetaru lagutaru vipputaru mostaru

kalisenu nercukonnanu kacukonnanu edicenu cericemi paddanu tummenu tittenu navvenu pettenu kurcunnanu nuncunnanu ekkenu tisukonnenu alocincenu tudicenu utikenu kottenu kattenu padukonnanu mannicenu avalincenu dacenu posenu tadisenu digenu tudicenu vesnu lagenu vippenu mosenu

kaliseru nercukonnaru kacukonnaru edceru cerceru paddaru tummeru titteru navveru petteru kurcunnaru nencunnaru ekkeru tisukonnaru alocinceru tudiceru utikeru kotteru katteru padukonnaru manhiceru avalinceru daceru poseru tadiseru digeru tudiceru veseru lageru vipperu moseru


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Conversational Telugu Imperative English verb

Continuous 1st Person Sing

1st Person Sing



kalustunnanu nercukontunnanu kacukontunnanu edustunnanu cerustunaanu padtunnanu tummutunpanu tidtunnanu navutunnanu pedtunnanu kurcutunnanu nuncuntunnanu ekkutunnaanu tisukontunnanu alocistunnanu tudustunnanu utukuturmanu kodtunaanu kadtunaanu padukontunnanu mannistunaanu avalistunnanu dastunnanu postunnanu tadustunnanu digutunnanu tudustunnanu vestunnanu lagutunnanu vipputunnanu mostunnanu

kalusuko nercuko kacuko edu cercu padu tummu tittu navvu pettu kurco nujco e kku tisuko alocincu tudu utuku kottu kattu paduko mannincu avalincu dacu poyi tadu digu tudu v ey i lagu vippu moyi

kalusukondi nercukondi kacukondi edavadni cercandi padandi tummandi tittandi navvandi pettandi kurcondi nuncondi ekkandi tissukondi alocincandi tudavandi utakandi kottandi kattandi padukondi mannicandi avalincandi dacandi poyandi tadavandi digandi tudavandi veyandi lagandi vippandi moyandi


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