7
OAXZLHPGGO×A
@f pr`s`at` amg` glkl r`spu`stm m prlc`slr`s y mfukals quo`a`s a`g`sotma ua kmt`romf `sp`gëcogl pmrm h`smrrlffmr fm pmrt` t`÷rogm sus glalgoko`atls `a Kmat`aoko`atl h` glkputmhlrms! Glkl prlc`slr`s glalg`kls fm okplrtmagom h` fm t`lrëm pmrm `f ju`a `i`rgogol `a fm pmrt` prígtogm& `sp`gëcogmk`at` `a fl qu` s` r`co`r` m kmat`aoko`atl h` glkputmhlrms& tmkjoïa `f kmt`romf s` prlpla` m k`ilrmr `f h`smrrlffl h` gfms` m fls prlc`slr`s t`ao`ahl ua kmt`romf y mgtumfozmhl! H`f koskl klhl s` to`a` `f prlp÷sotl h` myuhmr m fls `stuhomat`s h` Glkputmgo÷a& cmgofotíahlf`s gla oaclrkmgo÷a pr`gosm y comjf` pmrm su h`smrrlffl prlc`solamf& qu`r`kls qu` fls `stuhomat`s y fms p`rslams oat`r`smhms glalzgma y t`anma oaclrkmgo÷a m kmal& mjroïahlf`s fm !k`at` gla oaclrkmgo÷a `a tïrkoals h` cígof `at`ahoko`atl pmrm mpfogmr ua p`asmko`atl grëtogl @f pr`s`at` myuhmrm m fm n`at` m `aroqu`g`r su glalgoko`atl r`fmgolamhl m glkputmgo÷a y s`r k`ilr`s plaoïahlfl s `a prígtogm& s` ljtuvl myuhm h` p`rslams glalg`hlrms `a `f t`km! @f pr`s`at` `s pmrm ust`h`s qu`rohls glf`nms y `stuhomat`s Fls mutlr`s
GLKUPGZLAOGW
8
ËAHOG@ Uínoam
H@HOGMXLZOM OAXZLHPGGO×A ËAHOG@ UFMGM JMW@
=7
GOZGPOXLW OAX@NZMHLW
=8
JOLW
=8 =2 :5 :5 :5 :7
@CO GBOUW@X ALZXB JZOHN@ WLPXB JZOHN@
CLZKMXL H@ CLZKM H@ FM CP@AX@ H@ MFOK@AXMGO×A MX
:7 :3 75 7=
MXR JXR
WFLXW L ZMAPZMW H@ @RUMAWO×A OWM
7= 7: 70 7> 7? 83 8> 82
UGO UGO+R UGO @RUZ@WW MNU MKZ GAZ
MGZ GLAXZLFMHLZ@W
UMZM
PAOHMH@W
H@
05
MFKMG@AMKO@AXL CHG
05 0: 03 3:
OH@ WMXM
UP@ZXLW L GLA@GXLZ@W ULWX@ZOLZ@W FUX
3: 30 3> >=
GLK UW,: PWJ
GLKUPGZLAOGW
0
ZI+80
>0 >3 >> 25 20 22
ZI+== SNM BHKO WUHOC
K@KLZOM ZMK WOKK
2? ?5 ?5 ?: ?: ?: ?: ?7
HOKK ZOKK WHZ WHZMK HHZ WHZMK HHZ: WHZMK HHZ7 WHZMK ZHZMK
^@JNZMCËM
GLKUPGZLAOGW
3
XÏZKOALW "MGZ×AOKLW/ H@ FM UFMGM KMHZ@ L XMZI@XM KMHZ@
! bttp9,,www!r`ypmstlr!lrn,h`pmrtmk`atls,hoac,`amfmk,bmrh bttp9,,www!r`ypmstlr!lrn, h`pmrtmk`atls,hoac,`amfmk,bmrhwmr`,`fpg,`fpg, wmr`,`fpg,`fpg,h`tmff`pfmgmj!ipn h`tmff`pfmgmj!ipn
Ufmgm Kmhr` y sus pmrt`s
UFMGM JMW@9 tmkjoïa glalgohm glkl pfmgm kmhr` l tmri`tm kmhr` "h`f oanfïs kltb`rjlmrh l kmoajlmrh/ `s uam tmri`tm h` gorguotl okpr`sl m fm qu` s` gla`gtma fls glkpla`at`s qu` glastotuy`a fm glkputmhlrm u lrh`amhlr! @s uam pmrt` cuahmk`atmf m fm blrm h` mrkmr uam UG h` `sgrotlrol l plrtítof! Xo`a` oastmfmhls oastmfmhls uam s`ro` s`ro` h` gorguotls gorguotls oat`nrmhls! oat`nrmhls! Sm oastmfmhm h`atrl h` uam gmim l nmjoa`t` qu` plr fl n`a`rmf `stí b`gbm h` gbmpm y to`a` ua pma`f pmrm gla`gtmr hosplsotovls `xt`rals y kugbls gla`gtlr`s oat`rals y z÷gmfls pmrm oastmfmr glkpla`at`s h`atrl h` fm gmim! Fm pfmgm jms`& mh`kís& oagfuy` ua corkwmr` ffmkmhl JOLW& qu` f` p`rkot` r`mfozmr fms cuagolamfohmh`s jísogms& glkl pru`jms h` fls hosplsotovls& vëh`l y kma`il h`f t`gfmhl& r`glalgoko`atl h` hosplsotovls y gmrnm h`f sost`km lp`rmtovl! GLKUPGZLAOGW
>
GOZGPOXLW OAX@NZMHLW Pa gorguotl oat`nrmhl "GO/& tmkjoïa glalgohl glkl gbop l kogrlgbop& `s uam pmstoffm p`qu`ým h` kmt`romf s`koglahugtlr& h` mfnuals kofëk`trls gumhrmhls h` ír`m& sljr` fm qu` s` cmjrogma gorguotls `f`gtr÷aogls n`a`rmfk`at` k`homat` cltlfotlnrmcëm y qu` `stí prlt`nohm h`atrl h` ua `agmpsufmhl h` pfístogl l g`ríkogm! @f `agmpsufmhl pls`` glahugtlr`s k`tífogls mprlpomhls pmrm bmg`r gla`xo÷a `atr` fm pmstoffm y ua gorguotl okpr`sl!
bttp9,,=!jp!jflnsplt!glk,+ f?klNdDx_cP,X5\AjKCnfnO,MMMMMMMMHMl,vO7AYovlFO K,s=355,gorguotls+oat`nrmhls!ipn bttp9,,www!klalnrmcoms!glk,trmjmils==,bosgl,Okmn`0508!noc
H`atrl h` fls Gorguotls Oat`nrmhls kís okplrtmat`s h` uam Ufmgm Kmhr` t`a`kls9 JOLW9 Jmsog Oaput,Lutput Wyst`k *Wost`km Jísogl h` @atrmhm y Wmfohm*& `s ua g÷honl h` slctwmr` qu` flgmfozm y r`glalg` tlhls fls hosplsotovls a`g`smrols pmrm gmrnmr `f sost`km lp`rmtovl `a fm k`klrom ZMK4 `s ua slctwmr` kuy jísogl oastmfmhl `a fm pfmgm jms` qu` p`rkot` qu` ïstm gukpfm su glk`tohl! @s ua corkwmr` "corkwmr` `s ua jflqu` h` oastruggola`s h` kíquoam pmrm prlp÷sotls `sp`gëcogls& nrmjmhl `a uam k`klrom h` topl h` slfl f`gturm "ZLK& @@UZLK& cfmsb& `tg!/& qu` `stmjf`g` fm f÷nogm h` kís jmil aov`f qu` glatrlfm fls gorguotls `f`gtr÷aogls h` ua hosplsotovl h` gumfquo`r topl/ guyl prlp÷sotl `s mgtovmr fm kíquoam h`sh` su `ag`ahohl y pr`pmrmr `f `atlral pmrm gmrnmr ua Wost`km Lp`rmtovl `a fm k`klrom ZMK! GLKUPGZLAOGW
2
Urlplrgolam fm glkuaogmgo÷a h` jmil aov`f& `f cuagolamko`atl y glaconurmgo÷a h`f bmrhwmr` h`f sost`km qu`& glkl këaokl& kma`im `f t`gfmhl prlplrgolam uam smfohm jísogm "`koto`ahl potohls alrkmfozmhls plr `f mftmvlz h` fm glkputmhlrm so s` prlhug`a cmffls/ hurmat` `f mrrmaqu`! @f JOLW usumfk`at` `stí `sgrotl `a f`anumi` `asmkjfmhlr! @f JOLW `s ua sost`km jísogl h` `atrmhm,smfohm qu` alrkmfk`at` pmsm oamhv`rtohl pmrm `f usumrol coamf h` glkputmhlrms! W` `agmrnm h` `aglatrmr `f sost`km lp`rmtovl y gmrnmrfl `a fm k`klrom ZMK!
Uls`` ua glkpla`at` h` bmrhwmr` y ltrl h` slctwmr`9 @st` ùftokl jroahm uam oat`rcmz n`a`rmfk`at` h` t`xtl qu` p`rkot` glaconurmr vmroms lpgola`s h`f bmrhwmr` oastmfmhl `a `f UG& glkl plr `i`kpfl `f r`fli& l h`sh` quï hosplsotovls h` mfkmg`amko`atl oaogomrí `f sost`km lp`rmtovl "Kogrlslct ^oahlws& NAP,Foaux& Kmg LW R& `tg!/! Fm JOLW `s ua prlnrmkm r`nostrmhl `a uam k`klrom al vlfítof "matonumk`at` `a k`klroms ZLK& p`rl h`sh` bmg` to`kpl s` `kpf`ma k`klroms cfmsb/! cfmsb/! @st` prlnrmkm `s `sp`gëcogl h` fm pfmgm jms` y s` `agmrnm h` fm oat`rcmz h` jmil aov`f `atr` `f kogrlprlg`smhlr y mfnuals p`rocïrogls! Z`gup`rm y h`spuïs `i`gutm fms oastruggola`s h`f KJZ "Kmst`r Jllt Z`glrh/& l r`nostrmhms `a ua hosgl hurl l WWH& gumahl mrrmagm `f sost`km lp`rmtovl! Mgtumfk`at` fls lrh`amhlr`s klh`rals sustotuy`a `f KJZ plr `f NUX "NPOH NUX "NPOH Umrtotola Xmjf`/ y fm JOLW plr @CO "@xt`asojf` Corkwmr` Oat`rcmg`/!
bttp9,,7!jp!jflnsplt!glk,+M`2bfkU@5tK,XnCFRp7?nbO, bttp9,,7!jp!jflnsplt!glk,+M`2bfkU@ 5tK,XnCFRp7?nbO,MMMMMMMMMBg,7?oN_`=kRZP,s=355, MMMMMMMMMBg,7?oN_`=kRZP,s=355,KmoaJlmrh!ipn KmoaJlmrh!ipn
JOLW "glkpla`at` h` Bmrhwmr`/
GLKUPGZLAOGW
?
bttp9,,www!ylr`pmrl!glk,clrls,cof`s,jols!ipn
Xopls h` JOLW "glkpla`at` h` Bmrhwmr`/
GLKUPGZLAOGW
=5
bttp9,,8!jp!jflnsplt!glk,+m+3_pkJqj5],P@cg0l8koaO,MMMMMMMMMN_,glz?o@mx@pK,s=355,JOLW!ipn
JOLW M^MZH "glkpla`at` h` Wlctwmr`/
bttp9,,www!tustrugls!glk,wp+glat`at,upflmhs,pbl`aox+jols!ipn
JOLW UBL@AOR "glkpla`at` h` Wlctwmr`/
GLKUPGZLAOGW
==
@CO9 @xt`asojf` Corkwmr` Oat`rcmg` ‖Oat`rcmz @xt`asojf` h`f Corkwmr`‛& `s uam `sp`gocogmgo÷a h`smrrlffmhm plr Oat`f horonohm m r``kpfmzmr fm matonum oat`rcmz h`f `stíahmr OJK UG JOLW& oat`rmgtùm glkl pu`at` `atr` `f sost`km lp`rmtovl y `f corkwmr` jms`! Fm prok`rm oaogomtovm s` prlhuil hurmat` fms prok`rms cms`s h` h`smrrlffl h`f Oat`f Otmaouk h` BU m k`homhls h` fls mýls ?5! H`johl m qu` `stls prlg`smhlr`s mpuatmjma mftl& fms `sp`gocogmgola`s `sp`gocogmgola`s h` fm JOLW r`suftmjma kuy fokotmhms& plr `ffl Oat`f h`smrrlff÷ oaogomfk`at` fl qu` s`rëm fm OJO& h`f mgr÷aokl oanfïs Oat`f Jllt Oaogomtov`& qu` plst`rolrk`at` cu` r`alkjrmhl m @CO! @f :0 h` Iufol h` :550 s` gr`÷ fm cuahmgo÷a P@CO "Paoco`h @xt`asojf` Corkwmr` Oat`rcmg`/ guym fmjlr glasostëm `a h`smrrlffmr y prlklgolamr fm pfmtmclrkm @CO! M proagopols h` :55>& fm v`rso÷a :!= h` fm `sp`gocogmgo÷a P@CO vol fm fuz y k`s`s h`spuïs trmil glasonl k`ilrms& glkl gocrmhl& mut`atogmgo÷a h` r`h y fm h`stmgmjf` Oat`rcmz h` usumrol bukmam! Fm oat`rcmz P@CO oagfuy` jms`s h` hmtls gla oaclrkmgo÷a h` fm pfmtmclrkm& oaogol y to`kpl h` `i`gugo÷a h` fls s`rvogols hosplaojf`s fostls pmrm gmrnmr `f sost`km lp`rmtovl! lp`rmtovl! P@CO h`stmgm proagopmfk`at` plr9 Glkpmtojofohmh y `kufmgo÷a h` JOLW pmrm fls sost`kms lp`rmtovls s÷fl glkpmtojf`s gla ïstm ùftokm! Gmpmgohmh h` mrrmaqu` h`sh` uaohmh`s h` mfkmg`amko`atl nrmah`s& hmhl qu` al sucr`a h` fms fokotmgola`s h`f KJZ! Mrquot`gturm y glatrlfmhlr`s h` fm GUP oah`p`aho`at`s! @atlral mkonmjf` y cf`xojf` Ur`+Wost`km! Hos`ýl klhufmr!
Fm @CO b`r`hm fms au`vms gmrmgt`rëstogms mvmazmhms h` fm JOLW glkl MGUO "Oat`rcmz Mvmazmhm h` Glaconurmgo÷a y @a`rnëm/ y `f WKJOLW "Wost`km h` N`sto÷a h` JOLW/& y s` f` pu`h`a mýmhor kugbms ltrms& ym qu` `f `atlral s` `i`gutm `a 38 jots& mf glatrmrol h` su pr`h`g`slrm& `a =3 jots! Fms JOLW bmg`a usl h` klhls h` =3 jots pmrm cuagolamr& hos`ýl b`r`hmhl h`f Oat`f 2522& p`rl m hoc`r`agom h` `stl& fm @CO cuagolam hor`gtmk`at` gla klhls h` 7: jots y 38 jots p`rkoto`ahl qu` fms mpfogmgola`s h` fm @CO t`anma mgg`sl glkpf`tl mf hor`ggolamko`atl h` 38 jots
GLKUPGZLAOGW
=:
bttp9,,okmn`s!mamaht`gb!glk,hlgo,8525,OKN\53?0!ipn
@CO MWZLGD "glkpla`at` h` Wlctwmr`/
bttp9,,www!kmhjlxpg!glk,wp+glat`at,nmff`ry,g`hrod,kso\`co\pr`s`atmtola\5:!ipn
@CO KWO "glkpla`at` h` Wlctwmr`/
GLKUPGZLAOGW
=7
GBOUW@X9 Gorguotl oat`nrmhl muxofomr l gbops`t& `s `f glaiuatl h` gorguotls oat`nrmhls hos`ýmhls gla jms` m fm mrquot`gturm h` ua prlg`smhlr "`a mfnuals gmsls hos`ýmhls glkl pmrt` oat`nrmf h` `sm mrquot`gturm/& p`rkoto`ahl qu` `s` topl h` prlg`smhlr`s cuagola`a `a uam pfmgm jms`! Worv`a h` pu`at` h` glkuaogmgo÷a l g`atrl h` gla`xo÷a gla `f r`stl h` glkpla`at`s h` fm pfmgm& glkl sla `f kogrlprlg`smhlr& fm k`klrom h` mgg`sl mf`mtlrol "ZMK/& fms tmri`tms h` `xpmaso÷a& fls pu`rtls PWJ& rmt÷a& t`gfmhl& `tg! Pa gbops`t `s ua nrupl h` gbops qu` trmjmima `a clrkm glaiuatm pmrm plh`r ff`vmr m gmjl tmr`ms pr`h`t`rkoamhms y su koso÷a proklrhomf `s glkuaogmr tlhls fls `f`k`atls qu` glkpla`a `f Wost`km! @f gbops`t `stí glkpu`stl plr : `f`k`atls vosojf`s cuahmk`atmf`s9 Alrtbjrohn` y `f Wlutbjrohn`! Fms pfmgms jms` klh`rams su`f`a oagfuor hls oat`nrmhls& h`alkoamhls Alrt` y Wur& y su`f`a s`r fls gorguotls oat`nrmhls kís nrmah`s h`spuïs h`f kogrlprlg`smhlr!
ALZXB JZOHN@ ‖Uu`at` Alrt`‛ l KGB K`klry Glatrlff`r Buj& l NKGB Nrmpbog KGB& s` usm glkl pu`at` h` `afmg` `atr` `f kogrlprlg`smhlr y fm k`klrom! Glatrlfm fms cuagola`s h` mgg`sl bmgom y `atr` `f kogrlprlg`smhlr& fm k`klrom ZMK& `f pu`rtl nrícogl MNU l `f UGO+@xpr`ss h` nrícogls& y fms glkuaogmgola`s gla `f Uu`at` Wur! Mf proagopol t`aëm tmkjoïa `f glatrlf h` UGO& p`rl `sm cuagolamfohmh bm pmsmhl mf pu`at` sur! WLPXB JZOHN@ ‖Uu`at` Wur‛& l OGB Oaput Glatrlff`r Buj& glatrlfm fls hosplsotovls glkl fm glatrlfmhlrm h` hosgls OH@& pu`rtls PWJ& Cor`^or`& WMXM& ZMOH& rmaurms UGO& rmaurm MKZ& rmaurm GAZ& pu`rtls oacrmrrlils& hosqu`t`rm& FMA& UGO+@xpr`ss =x y uam fmrnm fostm h` tlhls fls `f`k`atls qu` plhmkls okmnoamr oat`nrmhls `a fm pfmgm kmhr`! @s `f `agmrnmhl h` glkuaogmr `f prlg`smhlr gla `f r`stl h` fls p`rocïrogls! @atlag`s& r`suko`ahl `f Uu`at` Alrt` s` `agmrnm h` cuagola`s qu` a`g`sotma mftm v`flgohmh h` trmasc`r`agom y usl `xgfusovl h`f kogrlprlg`smhlr y k`klrom ZMK! Xlhls fls h`kís hosplsotovls y gla`gtlr`s ff`nma mf kogrl m trmvïs h`f Uu`at` Wur qu` fu`nl s` glkuaogm gla `f pu`at` alrt` y `atlag`s ff`nm mf kogrlprlg`smhlr l fm k`klrom ZMK!
GLKUPGZLAOGW
=8
bttp9,,stmtog!hhkgha!glk,noc,kltb`rjlmrh+jrohn`s!ipn
Uu`at` Wur y Uu`at` Alrt`
bttp9,,oaclrkmtogmpgpo!wodospmg`s!glk,cof`,vo`w,5555=?8 bttp9,,oaclrkmtogmpgpo!wodospmg`s!g lk,cof`,vo`w,5555=?88=!ipn,=?3====73,5 8=!ipn,=?3====73,5555=?88=!ipn 555=?88=!ipn
Uu`at` Wur y Uu`at` Alrt`
GLKUPGZLAOGW
=0
bttp9,,=!jp!jflnsplt!glk,+trqdJ\g=n`P,XYuzCR8j8BO,MMMMMMMMMGg,0H7U5 bttp9,,=!jp!jflnsplt!glk,+trqdJ\g=n`P, XYuzCR8j8BO,MMMMMMMMMGg,0H7U52+\@+O,s=355,sur!noc 2+\@+O,s=355,sur!noc
Gbop Alrtb jrohn` gla su hocuslr l hosopmhlr h` gmflr
bttp9,,www!altogoms7h!glk,mrtogufls,:5505=,slft`d\?7? bttp9,,www!altogoms7h!glk,mrt ogufls,:5505=,slft`d\?7?\mnp,okmn`a`s,slutbjrohn`!ipn \mnp,okmn`a`s,slutbjrohn`!ipn
Gbop Wlutb Jrohn` SOM 2:7>
GLKUPGZLAOGW
=3
CLZKMXL H@ CLZKM "GLA@GXLZ/ H@ FM CP@AX@ H@ MFOK@AXMGO×A Fm pfmgm jms` slfmk`at` cuagolam mf s`r sukoaostrmhm `a`rnëm y `stm `s prlplrgolamhm plr fm cu`at` h` mfok`atmgo÷a! Fm cu`at` h` mfok`atmgo÷a pr`s`atm hoc`r`at`s gmrmgt`rëstogms plr fl qu` s` f` bm gfmsocogmhl& uam h` fms gmrmgt`rëstogms gmrmgt`rëstogms `s `f cmgtlr h` fm clrkm! X`a`kls qu` mgfmrmr qu` `f tïrkoal h` Cmgtlr h` fm Clrkm `s fm qu` h`sgroj` fms hok`asola`s cësogms h` fm cu`at` h` mfok`atmgo÷a& fls topls h` gla`gtlr`s h` mfok`atmgo÷a gla fls qu` sukoaostrm `a`rnëm y `f topl h` pfmgm jms` ym qu` `s h`coaohm plr `f topl h` gla`gtlr qu` glato`a`!
Uroagopmf`s Cmgtlr`s h` Clrkm9 MX9 Mhvmag`h X`gbalflny ‖X`galflnëm Mvmazmhm‛& `s `f clrkmtl h` pfmgm jms` `kpf`mhl plr `f OJK MX y sus gfla`s `a clrkmtl sljr`k`sm glkpf`tl y tlrr` glkpf`tl! Cu` fmazmhl mf k`rgmhl `a =?28! Mat`s h` `st` cmgtlr h` clrkm surno÷ `f cmgtlr h` clrkm ffmkmhl UG,RX& hlah` `st` alkjr` fl r`goj` plr OJK& p`rl mprlxokmhmk`at` `a =?28 y jmsmhl `a `st` klh`fl pmsl m s`r cmgtlr h` clrkm MX& fm hoc`r`agom qu` pr`s`atm gla fm mat`rolr `s plr sus au`vms hok`asola`s cësogms ym qu` `st` ùftokl `rm kís r`hugohl h`johl m su kmylr oat`nrmgo÷a `a sus glkpla`at`s4 p`rl sla glkpmtojf`s! glkpmtojf`s! @st` clrkmtl cu` `f prok`r oat`atl `xotlsl h` `stmahmrozmgo÷a pmrm fms clrkms h` pfmgms jms`4 mat`s h` ïf& gmhm cmjrogmat` prlhugëm sus UG h` clrkms hoc`r`at`s bmgo`ahl gmso okplsojf` r`mfozmr oat`rgmkjols h` pmrt`s& mgtumfozmgola`s h` bmrhwmr` y ltrms lp`rmgola`s qu` bly sla glkua`s! Wo jo`a `st` `stíahmr r`pr`s`at÷ ua nrma mvmag` sljr` fms pfmtmclrkms prlpo`tmroms qu` prlhugëm gmhm cmjrogmat`& gla `f to`kpl cu`rla h`sgujo`rtms vmroms cmf`agoms qu` bogo`rla a`g`smrol qu` s` r``kpfmzmrm! Wu nrma tmkmýl hocoguftmjm fm oatrlhuggo÷a h` au`vms uaohmh`s h` hosgl! Mh`kís su gla`gtlr gla fm cu`at` h` mfok`atmgo÷a oahugëm cígofk`at` mf `rrlr so`ahl auk`rlsls fls gmsls h` n`at` qu` qu`kmjm fm pfmgm mf gla`gtmr oah`johmk`at` fls hls iu`nls h` gmjf`s "p`s` m glatmr gla ua g÷honl h` glflr pmrm sotumr 8 gmjf`s a`nrls `a fm zlam g`atrmf/!@a =?20 OJK oatrlhuil Jmjy+MX& kís p`qu`ýl y jmrmtl qu` MX!
GLKUPGZLAOGW
=>
Bmy qu` `at`ah`r qu` `f `squ`km h`f gla`gtlr glastm h` hls gla`gtlr`s oah`p`aho`at`s qu` prlvo`a`a h` fm cu`at` h` mfok`atmgo÷a y qu` s` utofozma pmrm sukoaostrmr `a`rnëm `fïgtrogm m fms pfmgms jms` h` topl MX! Alrkmfk`at` vo`a`a kmrgmhls glkl U2 y U?! Urlatl tlhls fls cmjrogmat`s gmkjomrla m `stm vmromat`! Woa `kjmrnl fms koskms `sp`gocogmgola`s h` `st` `stíahmr bmgëma kuy hocëgof s`nuor gla `f prlg`sl h` koaomturozmgo÷a& plr fl qu` `a =??0& OAX@F pr`s`atl `f `stíahmr MXR& `f gumf `rm glkpmtojf` gla `f au`vl prlg`smhlr U`atouk! @a =??> MXR h`i÷ mtrís m MX& pmsmahl m s`r `f au`vl `stíahmr kís plpufmr! Mgtumfk`at` ym al s` utofozm y so fms `aglatrmkls s`rëm `a glkputmhlr`s matonuls gla prlg`smhlr`s :23 plr `i`kpfl!
bttp9,,t`galsost`kms:5==0!cof`s!wlrhpr`ss!glk,:5==,53,gla`gtlrmt!ipn
Gla`gtlr`s MX9 `a fm pfmgm "ozquo`rhm/ U2 y U? "h`r`gbm/
bttp9,,:!jp!jflnsplt!glk,\gUoa`R]A35n,WF\zZa_W0pO,MMMMMMMMGJ8,h+S]xP2Uv bttp9,,:!jp!jflnsplt!glk,\gUoa`R] A35n,WF\zZa_W0pO,MMMMMMMMGJ8,h+S]xP2UvXn,s855,gla`gt Xn,s855,gla`gtlr$poa$2+ lr$poa$2+ poa$?!ipn
Gla`gtlr`s MX9 U2 y U? "gla`gtmhls m fm pfmgm/
GLKUPGZLAOGW
=2
bttp9,,www!klalnrmcoms!glk,trmjmils7>,cmgtlr`s+h`+clrkm,cmgtlr`s+h`+clrkm!sbtkf
@strugturm h` Glflr`s h` fls gla`gtlr`s U2 y U?
Jmjy MX9 @s `f clrkmtl h` pfmgm jms` "cmgtlr h` clrkm/ qu` pr`hlkoa÷ `a `f k`rgmhl h` fms glkputmhlrms p`rslamf`s h`sh` fm s`ro` h` prlg`smhlr`s Oat`f 25:23 bmstm fm oatrlhuggo÷a h` fls U`atouk! @s uam vmromat` h`f cmgtlr h` clrkm MX& muaqu` kís p`qu`ým "h` mbë jmjy "j`jï `a oanfïs/ MX/! H`coa` ua tmkmýl pmrm fm pfmgm jms` h` ::5 x 775 kofëk`trls! kofëk`trls! Cu` oatrlhugohm `a `f k`rgmhl `a =?20 plr OJK& y mf s`r `stm vmromat` kís p`qu`ým y jmrmtm qu` MX& prlatl tlhls fls cmjrogmat`s gmkjomrla m `ffm y s` kmatuvl glkl `stíahmr `a fms glkputmhlrms p`rslamf`s bmstm qu` cu` r`kpfmzmhl plr `f cmgtlr h` clrkm MXR m pmrtor h` =??0! @f p`qu`ýl tmkmýl& qu` bmjëm sohl `f proagopmf kltovl h` su ïxotl& cu` tmkjoïa fl qu` kltov÷ su r`kpfmzl& pu`stl qu` m k`hohm qu` muk`atmjm fm gmpmgohmh h` trmjmil h` fls kogrlprlg`smhlr`s y su n`a`rmgo÷a h` gmflr& fm prlxokohmh h` fls glkpla`at`s oagr`k`atmjm `xg`sovmk`at` fm t`kp`rmturm! Pam gmrmgt`rëstogm okplrtmat` h` `st` cmgtlr h` clrkm `s qu` fms pfmgms jms` glastruohms s`nùa `st` hos`ýl cu`rla fms prok`rms `a oagfuor gla`gtlr`s pmrm hostoatls pu`rtls "pmrmf`fl& s`romf& `tgït`rm/ oat`nrmhls `a su pmrt` trms`rm y gla`gtmhls oat`ramk`at`!
GLKUPGZLAOGW
=?
bttp9,,:!jp!jflnsplt!glk,\dt\jIgdL@S_,W@BX>`H?nfO, bttp9,,:!jp!jflnsplt!glk,\dt\jIgdL@ S_,W@BX>`H?nfO,MMMMMMMMM]g,zz33Ad8m?Kd,W:35,GLA@GXLZ$ MMMMMMMMM]g,zz33Ad8m?Kd,W:35,GLA@GXLZ$H@$MX!ipn H@$MX!ipn
Klf`x Jmjy+MX
MXR9 Mhvmag`h X`gbalflny @xt`ah`h ‖X`galflnëm Mvmazmhm @xt`ahohm l mkpfomhm‛& `stíahmr qu` s` h`smrrlff÷ glkl uam `vlfugo÷a h`f cmgtlr h` clrkm h` Jmjy+MX& pmrm k`ilrmr fm cuagolamfohmh h` fls mgtumf`s @,W y r`hugor `f glstl tltmf h`f sost`km! @st` cu` gr`mhl plr OAX@F `a =??0 y mgtumfozmhms vmroms v`g`s h`sh` `sm ïplgm& fm v`rso÷a kís r`go`at` `s fm :!: pujfogmhm `a :558! Cu` `f prok`r gmkjol okplrtmat` `a kugbls mýls `a `f qu` fms `sp`gocogmgola`s tïgaogms cu`rla pujfogmhms plr OAX@F `a =??0 "`s uam `sp`gocogmgo÷a mjo`rtm& qu` pu`h` s`r usmhm plr gumfquo`r cmjrogmat` soa a`g`sohmh h` pmnmr rlymfto`s/! Xo`a` nrmah`s gmkjols glkl `a fls vlftmi`s h` smfohm glkl `a fls gla`gtlr`s& ym qu` gu`atm gla ua ùaogl gla`gtlr h` :5 poa`s l gfmvoims qu` sustotuy÷ sustotuy÷ mf U2 "Uoa 2/ y mf U? "Uoa ?/! H`johl m fm `vlfugo÷a h` fls plt`at`s prlg`smhlr`s y tmri`tms nrícogms bm sohl a`g`smrol mýmhor mf klf`x h` :5 poa`s l glatmgtls& gumtrl poa`s kís& `s h`gor `f gla`gtlr utofozmhl mgtumfk`at` `a fm pfmgm jms` MXR `s h` :8 poa`s qu` hospla`a h` ua glahugtl h` $=: S& $0 S& 7&7 S y to`rrm& mh`kís h` ua gla`gtlr mhogolamf ffmkmhl U8 "h` 8 glatmgtls/! Xmkjoïa pls``a ua sost`km h` h`sgla`xo÷a plr slctwmr`!
GLKUPGZLAOGW
:5
bttp9,,:!jp!jflnsplt!glk,+bvm^zNq:v=n,Xgc5LHzL`lO, bttp9,,:!jp!jflnsplt!glk,+bvm^zNq:v =n,Xgc5LHzL`lO,MMMMMMMMMMK,sM7uS`dOs=s,s=355, MMMMMMMMMMK,sM7uS`dOs=s,s=355,mtx+plw`r+gla`gtlr!ipn mtx+plw`r+gla`gtlr!ipn
Gla`gtlr`s MXR9 `a fm pfmgm "ozquo`rhm/ y Klf`x MXR h` :5 Uoa`s "h`r`gbm/
bttp9,,8!jp!jflnsplt!glk,+i@oZC]m>kJl,X`Yds^ShckO,MMMMMMMMM@w, bttp9,,8!jp!jflnsplt!glk,+i@oZC]m>kJ l,X`Yds^ShckO,MMMMMMMMM@w,z3d`hhBvuFP,s=35 z3d`hhBvuFP,s=355,gla`gtlr+mtx!ipn 5,gla`gtlr+mtx!ipn
Klf`x MXR h` :8 Uoa`s
GLKUPGZLAOGW
:=
bttp9,,:!jp!jflnsplt!glk,+kO@s@ZoJFc_,XSs]MF]0BYO, bttp9,,:!jp!jflnsplt!glk,+kO@s@ ZoJFc_,XSs]MF]0BYO,MMMMMMMMMM8,b7BHuiwdAtw,s=355, MMMMMMMMMM8,b7BHuiwdAtw,s=355,GLA@GXLZ@W!ipn GLA@GXLZ@W!ipn
Gla`gtlr U8 "mhogolamf/
bttp9,,cb+msor+mzmrquo`f!wodospmg`s!glk,cof`,vo`w,gla`gtlr+mtx+:\=8=!ipn,=2==>5>>>,gla`gtlr+mtx+:\=8=!ipn
@strugturm h` Glflr`s h` fls gla`gtlr`s MXR h` :5 y :8 poa`s
GLKUPGZLAOGW
::
bttp9,,www!mrr`nfmkopg!glk,wp+glat`at,upflmhs,:5=5, bttp9,,www!mrr`nfmkopg!glk, wp+glat`at,upflmhs,:5=5,=5,glaconurmgola+h`+poas+h`+`f+gla`gtlr+mtx+h`+ =5,glaconurmgola+h`+poas+h`+`f+gla`gtlr+mtx+h`+:5+poa!ipn :5+poa!ipn
@strugturm h` Glflr`s pmrm Klf`x h` :5 poa`s
bttp9,,www!mrr`nfmkopg!glk,wp+glat`at,upflmhs,:5=5,=5,poas+y+vlftmi`+h`+ua+gla`gtlr+mtx+h`+:8+poa!ipn
@strugturm h` Glflr`s pmrm Klf`x h` :8 poa`s
GLKUPGZLAOGW
:7
JXR9 Jmfmag`h X`gbalflny @xt`ah`h ‖X`galflnëm Jmfmag`mhm l `quofojrmhm @xt`ahohm l mkpfomhm‛& `stíahmr gr`mhl plr OAX@F& glkl `vlfugo÷a h`f MXR `a :558 pmrm oat`atmr slfv`atmr fls prljf`kms h` r`cron`rmgo÷a qu` t`aëma mfnuals prlg`smhlr`s! @f clrkmtl JXR `s oaglkpmtojf` gla `f MXR& smfvl `a fm cu`at` h` mfok`atmgo÷a "`s plsojf` usmr uam cu`at` MXR `a uam pfmgm JXR/! Fls kltovls h`f gmkjol m JXR cu`rla `atr` ltrls9 fms GUPs y fms tmri`tms nrícogms glasuk`a gmhm v`z kís y kís plt`agom& y `stl r`suftm `a uam kmylr hosopmgo÷a tïrkogm! Ulr ltrl fmhl& fls usumrols r`gfmkma qu` fls UG s`ma sof`agolsls! Fms mgtumf`s gmims y pfmgms kmhr` MXR al cu`rla hos`ýmhms pmrm fls oagr`ëjf`s aov`f`s h` gmflr qu` s` prlhug`a `a `ffms! Msë glko`azm fm a`g`sohmh h` ua au`vl clrkmtl! Fm pfmgm jms` JXR tuvl kuy plgm mg`ptmgo÷a plr pmrt` h` cmjrogmat`s y usumrols y plr fl gumf cu` mjlfohm `a kuy plgl to`kpl! @a gu`sto÷a h` tmkmýls& bmy tr`s topls9 pogl JXR& kogrl JXR y r`nufmr JXR& gla fls sonuo`at`s tmkmýls kíxokls9 m/ pogl JXR9 :5!7 x :3!> gk j/ kogrl JXR9 :3!8 x :3!> gk g/ r`nufmr JXR9 7:!0 x :3!> gk
GLKUPGZLAOGW
:8
WFLXW L ZMAPZMW H@ @RUMAWO×A Pam rmaurm h` `xpmaso÷a "tmkjoïa ffmkmhm sflt h` `xpmaso÷a/ `s ua `f`k`atl h` fm pfmgm jms` h` ua lrh`amhlr qu` p`rkot` gla`gtmr m ïstm uam tmri`tm mhogolamf l h` `xpmaso÷a& fm gumf su`f` r`mfozmr cuagola`s h` glatrlf h` hosplsotovls p`rocïrogls mhogolamf`s& tmf`s glkl klaotlr`s& okpr`slrms l uaohmh`s h` hosgl! @a fms tmri`tms kmhr` h`f topl FUR fms rmaurms h` `xpmaso÷a al s` `agu`atrma sljr` fm pfmgm soal `a ua gla`gtlr `sp`gomf h`alkoamhl ros`r gmrh! Fms rmaurms `stía gla`gtmhms `atr` së! Pam glkputmhlrm p`rslamf hospla` n`a`rmfk`at` h` lgbl uaohmh`s& muaqu` pu`h` ff`nmr bmstm hlg`!
OWM9 Oahustry Wtmahmrh Mrgbot`gtur` ‖Mrquot`gturm @stíahmr h` fm Oahustrom‛& `s uam mrquot`gturm h` jus gr`mhm plr OJK `a =?25& pmrm s`r `kpf`mhl `a fls OJK UG! Fm rmaurm OWM `s uam rmaurm h` `xpmaso÷a h` =3 jots gmpmz h` lcr`g`r bmstm =3 KJ,s m 2 k`nmb`rgols! Fls glkpla`at`s hos`ýmhls pmrm fm rmaurm OWM `rma kuy nrmah`s y cu`rla h` fms prok`rms rmaurms `a usmrs` `a fms glkputmhlrms p`rslamf`s! Bly `a hëm `s uam t`galflnëm `a h`susl y ym al s` cmjrogma pfmgms kmhr` gla rmaurms OWM! @stms rmaurms s` oagfuy`rla bmstm fls prok`rls klh`fls h`f kogrlprlg`smhlr U`atouk OOO! Cu` r``kpfmzmhm `a `f mýl :555 plr fm rmaurm UGO!
bttp9,,www!iust:nllh!gl!ud,okmn`s,ipn,sflts!ipn
Wflts l Zmaurms OWM "glflr a`nrl/
GLKUPGZLAOGW
:0
bttp9,,www:!glaconurmr`quopls!glk,oknhlguk`atls,INrmsflt,vnm+osm!ipn
Xmri`tm h` Soh`l OWM
bttp9,,upflmh!wodok`hom!lrn,wodop`hom,glkklas,=,=c,Xmri`tm\r`h\osm!ipn
Xmri`tm h` Z`h OWM
UGO9 U`ropb`rmf Glkpla`at Oat`rglaa`gt *Oat`rgla`xo÷a h` Glkpla`at`s U`rocïrogls*& glasost` `a ua jus h` lrh`amhlr `stíahmr pmrm gla`gtmr hosplsotovls p`rocïrogls hor`gtmk`at` m su pfmgm jms`! @stls hosplsotovls pu`h`a s`r gorguotls oat`nrmhls miustmhls `a ïstm l tmri`tms h` `xpmaso÷a qu` s` miustma `a gla`gtlr`s! @s glkùa `a UG& hlah` bm h`spfmzmhl mf OWM glkl jus `stíahmr!
GLKUPGZLAOGW
:3
Smromat`s glav`agolamf`s h` UGO9 Fms proagopmf`s v`rsola`s h` `st` jus "y plr fl tmatl h` sus r`sp`gtovms rmaurms/ sla9 + UGO =!59 Urok`rm v`rso÷a h`f jus UGO! W` trmtm h` ua jus h` 7: jots m =3 Kbz! + UGO :!59 Urok`rm v`rso÷a `stmahmrozmhm `stmahmrozmhm y glk`rgomf! glk`rgomf! Jus h` 7: jots& m 77 KBz + UGO :!=9 Jus h` 7: jots& m 33 Kbz y s`ýmf h` 7!7 vlftols + UGO :!:9 Jus h` 7: jots& m 33 Kbz& r`quoro`ahl r`quoro`ahl 7!7 vlftols! Xrmasc`r`agom Xrmasc`r`agom h` bmstm bmstm 077 KJ,s + UGO :!79 Jus h` 7: jots& m 33 Kbz! U`rkot` `f usl h` 7!7 vlftols y s`ýmfozmhlr uaov`rsmf& p`rl al slplrtm s`ýmf h` 0 vlftols `a fms tmri`tms! + UGO 7!59 @s `f `stíahmr h`coaotovl& ym soa slplrt` pmrm 0 vlftols!
bttp9,,ghasupplrt!nmt`wmy!glk,s,KLXB@ZJH,OAX@ bttp9,,ghasupplrt!nmt`wmy!glk,s, KLXB@ZJH,OAX@F,:0=530=,:0=53 F,:0=530=,:0=530=77!ipn 0=77!ipn
Wflts UGO
GLKUPGZLAOGW
:>
bttp9,,www!glkpu+t`g!w`js!glk,r`h`s%:5y bttp9,,www!glkpu+t`g!w `js!glk,r`h`s%:5y%:5gla`gtovohmh,okmn`,tmri`tm\h`+\r`h\oamfmkjrogm\tpfoad!ipn %:5gla`gtovohmh,okmn`,tmri`tm\h`+\r`h\oamfmkjrogm\tpfoad!ipn
Xmri`tm h` Z`h Oamfíkjrogm UGO
bttp9,,gufturmgola!glk,wp+glat`at,upflmhs,:55?,5=,osm+pgo+mnp=!ipn
Hoc`r`agoms `atr` sflts "h`r`gbm/ y tmri`tms "ozquo`rhm/ OWM& UGO y MNU
GLKUPGZLAOGW
:2
UGO+R9 UGO `Rt`ah`h ‖UGO @xt`ahohm l mkpfomhm‛& `s ua topl h` jus y `stíahmr h` tmri`tm h` `xpmaso÷a oat`ram qu` sup`rm mf jus UGO plr su kmylr magbl h` jmahm `xonohl plr s`rvohlr`s! @s uam v`rso÷a gla `f hljf` h` magbl h`f UGO& `i`gutíahls` bmstm gumhrupfogmr fm v`flgohmh h` r`fli& `strmt`nom sokofmr `a ltrms okpf`k`atmgola`s `fïgtrogms qu` usma `f koskl prltlglfl! _m `stí so`ahl r``kpfmzmhm plr uam t`galflnëm h` alkjr` sokofmr& `f UGO+ @xpr`ss& fm gumf hospla` h` ua hos`ýl f÷nogl kuy hostoatl& mpfogmahl fm coflslcëm h` fm gla`xo÷a `a s`ro` *`str`gbl p`rl rípohl*& `a funmr h` *magbl p`rl f`atl*& h` fms gla`xola`s `a pmrmf`fl! UGO+R s` h`smrrlff÷ glaiuatmk`at` gla OJK& BU y Glkpmq y pr`s`atmhm pmrm su mprljmgo÷a `a =??2! W` `sclrz÷ `a glhocogmr `xt`asola`s prlpo`tmroms h` s`rvohlr mf jus flgmf pmrm oagr`k`atmr `f r`ahoko`atl h` fls hosplsotovls h` jmahm magbm glkl tmri`tms @tb`ra`t Nonmjot& Gmamf h` Cojrm y WGWO y p`rkotor m fls prlg`smhlr`s s`r oat`rgla`gtmhls `a gfùst`r`s! UGO+R `rm a`g`smrol ym qu` mfnuals hosplsotovls& glkl fls k`agolamhls mat`rolrk`at`& plhëma smturmr plr glkpf`tl `f magbl h` jmahm h`f jus UGO "h` s÷fl =77 KJ,s/! Fm prok`rm slfugo÷a cu` `i`gutmr `f jus UGO h` 77 KBz mf hljf` h` v`flgohmh& 33 KBz& hljfmahl fm tmsm h` trmasc`r`agom h` kma`rm `c`gtovm m :33 KJ,s! Woa `kjmrnl& fms kíquoams gla vmrols hosplsotovls h` jmahm magbm a`g`sotmjma kís tmsm& msë qu` s` mýmho`rla kís poa`s m fm rmaurm& qu`hmahl `a =28 h` =:5& pmrm clrkmr uam glkjoamgo÷a h` 38 jots! Mf proagopol s÷fl ff`nmjm m fls 77 KBz& qu` jísogmk`at` hmjm fm koskm tmsm h` :33 KJ,s! Muaqu` pu`rtls h` 38 jots y 33 KBz ym s` `stmjma okpf`k`atmahl& `stms `xt`asola`s `rma slplrtmhms m hurms p`ams glkl pmrt`s lpgolamf`s h` fls `stíahmr`s UGO :!x! Fm glkpmtojofohmh `atr` hosplsotovls kís mffí h` fls jísogls =77 KJ,s glatoau÷ so`ahl mzmrlsm! Fls h`smrrlffmhlr`s usmrla `a `s` klk`atl fm glkjoamgo÷a h` 38 jots y fls 33 KBz glkl jms`& y matogopíahls` m fm cuturm h`kmahm& `stmjf`go`rla vmromgola`s h` 33 y =77 KBz pmrm mfgmazmr fms kíxokms v`flgohmh`s h` bmstm 077 y =533 KJ,s r`sp`gtovmk`at`! @f r`suftmhl glaiuatl s` pr`s`at÷ glkl UGO+R mf UGO Wp`gomf Oat`r`st Nrlup h` fm Msslgomtola clr Glkputoan Kmgboa`ry! Wu mprljmgo÷a plst`rolr fl glavorto÷ `a @stíahmr mjo`rtl& mhmptmjf` m tlhls fls h`smrrlfmhlr`s oaclrkítogls! @f WON glatrlfm `f slplrt` tïgaogl& hlguk`atmgo÷a y pru`jms pmrm UGO+R! OJK& Oat`f Kogrl`f`gtrlaogs y Kyf`x s` `agmrnmrla h` fls gbops`ts! 7Glk y
GLKUPGZLAOGW
:?
Mhmpt`g s` `agmrnmrla h` fls p`rocïrogls glkpmtojf`s! Umrm mg`f`rmr fm mhlpgo÷a h` UGO+R plr fm oahustrom& Glkpmq lcr`go÷ b`rrmko`atms h` h`smrrlffl h`sh` su w`j! Xlhls fls proagopmf`s cmjrogmat`s h` gbops hospla`a h` mfnuam vmromat` h` UGO+R `a sus nmkms h` prlhugtls!
bttp9,,okmn`s!ylurhogtolamry!glk,okmn`s,glkput`r,\UGORWMX!IUN
: Wflts UGO+R "v`rh`/ h` 38 jots
bttp9,,okmn`s5=!lfx!glk!p`,uo,==,7:,:0,=7==:>: bttp9,,okmn`s5=!lfx!glk!p`,uo,==, 7:,:0,=7==:>:2>3\:75>7:>:0\=5+XMZI@ 2>3\:75>7:>:0\=5+XMZI@XM+H@+COJZM+OJK+U+x+W`ro`s+8njps+ XM+H@+COJZM+OJK+U+x+W`ro`s+8njps+ Humf+Ulrt+Cg+Ugo+x+Cg0>0?+=5a23:5+!ipn
Xmri`tm h` cojrm OJK U+x+ W`ro`s 8Njps Humf Ulrt Cg UGO+R Cg0>0? =5a23:5
GLKUPGZLAOGW
75
UGO @xpr`ss "mat`rolrk`at` glalgohl plr fms sonfms 7NOL& `a `f gmsl h` fms *@atrmhms,Wmfohms h` X`rg`rm N`a`rmgo÷a*& `a oanfïs9 7 rh N`a`rmtola O,L/ `s ua au`vl h`smrrlffl h`f jus UGO qu` usm fls glag`ptls h` prlnrmkmgo÷a y fls `stíahmr`s h` glkuaogmgo÷a `xost`at`s& p`rl s` jmsm `a ua sost`km h` glkuaogmgo÷a s`ro` kugbl kís rípohl! @st` sost`km `s mplymhl proagopmfk`at` plr Oat`f! UGO @xpr`ss `s mjr`vomhl glkl UGO+@ l UGO`& muaqu` `rr÷a`mk`at` `rr÷a`mk`at` s` f` su`f` mjr`vomr glkl UGO+R l UGOx! Woa `kjmrnl& UGO @xpr`ss al to`a` amhm qu` v`r gla UGO+R qu` `s uam `vlfugo÷a h` UGO& `a fm qu` s` glasonu` muk`atmr `f magbl h` jmahm k`homat` `f oagr`k`atl h` fm cr`gu`agom& ff`nmahl m s`r 7: v`g`s kís rípohl qu` `f UGO :!=! Wu v`flgohmh `s kmylr qu` UGO+@xpr`ss& p`rl pr`s`atm `f oaglav`ao`at` h` qu` mf oastmfmr kís h` ua hosplsotovl fm cr`gu`agom jms` s` r`hug` y po`rh` v`flgohmh h` trmaskoso÷a! @st` jus `stí `strugturmhl glkl gmrrof`s puatl m puatl& cuff+ hupf`x& trmjmimahl `a s`ro`! @a UGO` =!= "`f kís glkùa `a :55>/ gmhm gmrrof trmasplrtm :05 KJ,s `a gmhm hor`ggo÷a! UGO` :!5 hljfm `stm tmsm m 055 KJ,s y UGO` 7!5 fm hljfm h` au`vl "= NJ,s plr gmrrof/! Gmhm rmaurm h` `xpmaso÷a ff`vm ual& hls& gumtrl& lgbl l ho`gosïos gmrrof`s h` hmtls `atr` fm pfmgm jms` y fms tmri`tms gla`gtmhms! @f aùk`rl h` gmrrof`s s` `sgroj` gla uam x h` pr`coil "x= pmrm ua gmrrof sokpf` y x=3 pmrm uam tmri`tm gla ho`gosïos gmrrof`s/4 x=3 h` 055KJ,s hma ua kíxokl magbl h` jmahm h` 2 NJ,s `a gmhm hor`ggo÷a pmrm UGO@ :!x! @a `f usl kís glkùa h` x=3 pmrm `f UGO@ =!= prlplrgolam ua magbl h` jmahm h` 8 NJ,s ":05 KJ,s x =3/ `a gmhm hor`ggo÷a! @a glkpmrmgo÷a gla ltrls jus`s& ua gmrrof sokpf` `s mprlxokmhmk`at` `f hljf` h` rípohl qu` `f UGO alrkmf4 uam rmaurm h` gumtrl gmrrof`s& to`a` ua magbl h` jmahm glkpmrmjf` m fm v`rso÷a kís rípohm h` UGO+R =!5& y lgbl gmrrof`s to`a`a ua magbl h` jmahm glkpmrmjf` m fm v`rso÷a kís rípohm h` MNU! Pam rmaurm UGo @xpr`ss 7!5 to`a` = NJ,s hor`ggolamf y : NJ,s johor`ggolamf& plr fl qu` flnrma `a `f gmsl h` x=3 ua kíxokl t`÷rogl h` =3 NJ,s hor`ggolamf`s hor`ggolamf`s y 7: NJ,s johor`ggo÷a!
GLKUPGZLAOGW
7=
bttp9,,foauxtohjots!cof`s!wlrhpr`ss!glk,:55?,5=,pgo+`xpr`ss+sflts!noc
Xopls h` sflts UGO @xpr`ss
bttp9,,upflmh!wodok`hom!lrn,wodop`hom,glkklas,tbukj,c,cg,UGO@xpr bttp9,,upflmh!wodok`hom!lrn,wodop`ho m,glkklas,tbukj,c,cg,UGO@xpr`ss!ipn,255px+UGO@xpr`ss!ipn `ss!ipn,255px+UGO@xpr`ss!ipn
Wflts UGO @xpr`ss "h` mrrojm m mjmil9 x8& x=3& x= y x=3/& glkpmrmhl gla ual trmhogolamf UGO h` 7: jots& tmf glkl s` v`a `a fm pfmgm HCO FmaUmrty aC8 Pftrm+H
GLKUPGZLAOGW
7:
bttp9,,okmn`a!truglswoahlws!a`t,UG,=52us!ipn
Xmri`tm UGO @xpr`ss
bttp9,,www:!glaconurmr`quopls!glk,oknhlguk`atls,Irma`xp,sflt!ipn
Hoc`r`agoms h` tmkmýls `atr` sflts h` `xpmaso÷a "nrícogms/
MNU9 Mg`f`rmt`h Nrmpbogs Ulrt *Uu`rtl h` Nrícogls Mg`f`rmhl‛& `s ua pu`rtl h`smrrlffmhl plr Oat`f `a =??3 glkl slfugo÷a m fls gu`ffls h` jlt`ffm qu` s` prlhugëma `a fms tmri`tms nrícogms qu` usmjma `f jus UGO!
GLKUPGZLAOGW
77
@s uam `sp`gocogmgo÷a h` jus qu` prlplrgolam uam gla`xo÷a hor`gtm `atr` `f mhmptmhlr h` nrícogls y fm k`klrom! @s ua pu`rtl "pu`stl qu` s÷fl s` pu`h` gla`gtmr ua hosplsotovl& ko`atrms qu` `a `f jus s` pu`h`a gla`gtmr vmrols/! @f hos`ýl pmrt` h` fms `sp`gocogmgola`s h`f UGO :!=! @f pu`rtl MNU `s h` 7: jots glkl UGO p`rl gu`atm gla altmjf`s hoc`r`agoms glkl 2 gmamf`s kís mhogolamf`s pmrm mgg`sl m fm k`klrom h` mgg`sl mf`mtlrol "ZMK/! Mh`kís pu`h` mgg`h`r hor`gtmk`at` m `stm m trmvïs h`f pu`at` alrt` puho`ahl `kufmr msë k`klrom h` vëh`l `a fm ZMK! Fm v`flgohmh h`f jus `s h` 33 KBz! @f jus MNU gu`atm gla hoc`r`at`s klhls h` cuagolamko`atl9
MNU =R9 v`flgohmh 33 KBz gla uam tmsm h` trmasc`r`agom h` :33 KJ,s y cuagolamahl m ua vlftmi` h` 7&7 S! MNU :R9 v`flgohmh =77 KBz gla uam tmsm h` trmasc`r`agom h` 07: KJ,s y cuagolamahl m ua vlftmi` h` 7&7 S! MNU 8R9 v`flgohmh :33 KBz gla uam tmsm h` trmasc`r`agom h` = NJ,s y cuagolamahl m ua vlftmi` h` 7&7 l =&0 S pmrm mhmptmrs` m fls hos`ýls h` fms tmri`tms nrícogms! MNU 2R9 v`flgohmh 077 KBz gla uam tmsm h` trmasc`r`agom h` : NJ,s y cuagolamahl cuagolamahl m ua vlftmi` h` 5&> S l =&0 S! @f pu`rtl MNU s` utofozm `xgfusovmk`at` pmrm gla`gtmr tmri`tms nrícogms& y h`johl m su mrquot`gturm s÷fl pu`h` bmj`r uam rmaurm! Hogbm rmaurm koh` uals 2 gk y s` `agu`atrm m ua fmhl h` fms rmaurms UGO! M pmrtor h` :553& `f usl h`f pu`rtl MNU bm ohl hoskoauy`ahl gla fm mpmrogo÷a h` uam au`vm `vlfugo÷a glalgohm glkl UGO+@xpr`ss& qu` prlplrgolam kmylr`s pr`stmgola`s `a gumatl m cr`gu`agom y magbl h` jmahm! Msë& fls proagopmf`s cmjrogmat`s h` tmri`tms nrícogms& glkl MXO y aSOHOM& bma ohl pr`s`atmahl gmhm v`z k`als prlhugtls pmrm `st` pu`rtl!
GLKUPGZLAOGW
78
bttp9,,www!pfmytllf!glk,pmn`s,mnpglkpmt,vlftmn`sflts!ipn
Slftmi`s h` fms rmaurms `a tmri`tms MNU
bttp9,,gufturmgola!glk,wp+glat`at,upflmhs,:5=5,5=,MNU!ipn
Hoc`r`agoms `atr` fls klhls h` cuagolamko`atl h` MNU
GLKUPGZLAOGW
70
MNU Url9 Cu` gr`mhm `a =??2 glkl uam `xt`aso÷a h` MNU pmrm mvmazmhms `stmgola`s h` trmjmil! MNU Url `s uam `sp`gocogmgo÷a h` jus qu` prlplrgolam uam gla`xo÷a hor`gtm `atr` `f mhmptmhlr h` nrícogls y fm k`klrom! Xo`a` uam rmaurm kís nrmah`& gla poa`s h` kmylr vlftmi`& hos`ýmhm pmrm tmri`tms 7H qu` r`quo`r`a kís r`slfugo÷a h` vëh`l! MNU Url `s glkpmtojf` gla fms v`rsola`s mat`rolr`s h`f MNU! MNU Url prlplrgolam plt`agom mhogolamf m fms tmri`tms h` vëh`l& to`a` uam `xt`aso÷a mf gla`gtlr& mh`kís h` t`a`r uam glj`rturm tïrkogm& mgtumfozmhls `sp`gocogmgola`s k`gíaogms& y slplrt` h` @ , W! Fms rmaurms MNU Url qu` sla ua plgl kís fmrnms qu` fms rmaurms MNU lronoamf`s! MNU Url `s gmpmz h` sukoaostrmr kís `a`rnëm& r`qu`rohm plr fls nrícogls h` mftm r`slfugo÷a! Gla fm mpmrogo÷a h`f pu`rtl MNU 8R& su tmsm h` trmasc`r`agom mfgmaz÷ fls = NJ,s! @stm n`a`rmgo÷a h` MNU pr`s`at÷ ua glasukl h` :0 vmtols! Fm n`a`rmgo÷a sonuo`at` s` ffmk÷ MNU Url y glasukëm 05 vmtols! @f MNU Url 2x lcr`g` uam tmsm h` trmasc`r`agom h` : NJ,s! Fms tmsms h` trmasc`r`agom pmrm fls hoc`r`at`s `stíahmr`s MNU sla fms sonuo`at`s9 MNU =R9 33&33 KBz x ="gl`c!/ x 7: jots ,2 ; :33&3> KJ,s MNU :R9 33&33 KBz x :"gl`c!/ x 7: jots ,2 ; 077&77 KJ,s MNU 8R9 33&33 KBz x 8"gl`c!/ x 7: jots ,2 ; =&53 NJ,s MNU 2R9 33&33 KBz x 2"gl`c!/ x 7: jots ,2 ; :&== NJ,s
W` h`j` t`a`r `a gu`atm qu` fms hoc`r`at`s alrkms MNU sla glkpmtojf`s gla fm v`rso÷a mat`rolr& fl qu` sonaocogm qu` fms tmri`tms MNU 8R l MNU :R : R pu`h`a oas`rtmrs` oas`rtmrs` `a uam rmaurm pmrm MNU 2R!
GLKUPGZLAOGW
73
@stm tmjfm r`suk` fms `sp`gocogmgola`s tïgaogms h` gmhm v`rso÷a y klhl MNU!
bttp9,,www!s`rv`rgms`!glk,mnp+prl+=!noc
S`rsola`s h` MNU Url
GLKUPGZLAOGW
7>
bttp9,,upflmh!wodok`hom!lrn,wodop`hom,glkklas,tbukj,2,2g,MNU\%:3\MNU\Url\D`yoan!svn,755px+ bttp9,,upflmh!wodok`hom!lrn,wodop`hom,glkklas,tbukj,2,2g, MNU\%:3\MNU\Url\D`yoan!svn,755px+ MNU\%:3\MNU\Url\D`yoan!svn!pan
Klhls h` Cuagolamko`atl "vlftmi`s/ h` tmri`tms MNU y MNU Url
GLKUPGZLAOGW
72
bttp9,,www!pfmytllf!glk,pmn`s,mnpglkpmt,mnpsflts!noc
Hok`asola`s h` fms ku`sgms `a fms tmri`tms MNU y MNU Url
GLKUPGZLAOGW
7?
MKZ9 Muhol,Klh`k Zos`r ‖Zmaurm h` Muhol y Klh`k‛& `s uam rmaurm h` `xpmaso÷a h` pfmgms kmhr`s pmrm hosplsotovls h` muhol "glkl tmri`tms h` slaohl/ l k÷h`ks fmazmhm `a =??2 y pr`s`at` `a pfmgms glkpmtojf`s gla fls kogrlprlg`smhlr`s Oat`f U`atouk OOO& Oat`f U`atouk 8 y MKH Mtbfla! Cu` hos`ýmhm plr Oat`f glkl uam oat`rcmz gla fls hov`rsls gbops`ts pmrm prlplrgolamr cuagolamfohmh mamf÷nogm h` `atrmhm,smfohm p`rkoto`ahl qu` `sls glkpla`at`s cu`rma r`utofozmhls `a pfmgms plst`rolr`s! X`galf÷nogmk`at` bm sohl sup`rmhl plr fm t`galflnëm Mhvmag`h Glkkuaogmtolas Zos`r "h` SOM y MKH/ y Glkkuaogmtola Glkkuaogmtola mah A`twlrdoan A`twlrdoan Zos`r "GAZ/ h` Oat`f! Oat`f! U`rl `a n`a`rmf tlhms `stms t`galflnëms h` pfmgms "ros`r gmrh/ `stía bly ljslf`tms `a cmvlr h` fls hosplsotovls hosplsotovls PWJ!
bttp9,,:!jp!jflnsplt!glk,+zOM3XALLm_2,X8@r:J:]dkO,M bttp9,,:!jp!jflnsplt!glk,+zOM3XALL m_2,X8@r:J:]dkO,MMMMMMMMMwl,y:_0C`mwrgO,s=355, MMMMMMMMwl,y:_0C`mwrgO,s=355,UGO+MNU+MKZ!jkp UGO+MNU+MKZ!jkp
Wflts l rmaurms h` `xpmaso÷a UGO& MNU y MKZ
GLKUPGZLAOGW
85
GAZ9 Glkkuaogmtola mah A`twlrdoan Zos`r *`f`vmhlr h` glkuaogmgola`s glkuaogmgola`s y r`h* `s uam rmaurm h` `xpmaso÷a `a fm pfmgm jms` pmrm hosplsotovls h` glkuaogmgola`s glkl k÷h`ks& tmri`tms h` r`h& mf onumf qu` fm rmaurm muhol,klh`k ros`r "MKZ/ tmkjoïa `s utofozmhl pmrm hosplsotovls h` muhol! Cu` oatrlhugohl `a c`jr`rl h` :555 plr Oat`f `a sus pfmgms pmrm sus prlg`smhlr`s U`atouk y s` trmtmjm h` ua hos`ýl prlpo`tmrol plr fl qu` al s` `xt`aho÷ kís mffí h` fms pfmgms qu` oagfuëma fls gbops`ts h` Oat`f! Mhlf`gëm h` fls koskls prljf`kms h` r`gursls h` fls hosplsotovls hos`ýmhls pmrm rmaurm MKZ! Mgtumfk`at` al s` oagfuy` `a fms pfmgms kmhr`s!
bttp9,,=!jp!jflnsplt!glk,+ ]JLtCIkkcfd,Xnc?C>yD`aO,MMMMMMMMMB8,zN_vl:Dvfa@,s855,sflt$ ]JLtCIkkcfd,Xnc?C>yD`aO,M MMMMMMMMB8,zN_vl:Dvfa@,s855,sflt$gar%:0:G%:0:G!ipn gar%:0:G%:0:G!ipn
Wflt l rmaurm h` `xpmaso÷a GAZ "p`qu`ýl kmrr÷a/
GLKUPGZLAOGW
8=
bttp9,,=!jp!jflnsplt!glk,\UvpwP:G=waM,WI7BJaZjF bttp9,,=!jp!jflnsplt!glk,\Uvpw P:G=waM,WI7BJaZjFqO,MMMMMMMMMMs,HCkn:JJczM8,s7:5,ZMAPZ qO,MMMMMMMMMMs,HCkn:JJczM8,s7:5,ZMAPZM$UGO!pan M$UGO!pan
Zmaurm GAZ "jfmagl/ kís p`qu`ým qu` ltrms rmaurms glkl UGO ":/ y UGO @xpr`ss
MGZ9 Mhvmag`h Glkkuaogmtolas Zos`r *Zmaurm Mvmazmhm h` Glkuaogmgola`s* cësogmk`at` `s ua UGO normhl =25¹! M coamf`s h`f :555& SOM y MKH pr`s`atma `f MGZ "Mhvmag`h Glkkuaogmtols Zos`r/& su au`vl clrkmtl h` Wflt horonohl m tmri`tms glatrlfmhms plr slctwmr` y gbops`t h` pfmgm jms` gla jmil glst`! @a `st` gmsl als `aglatrmkls gla ua Wflt glkpmtojf` gla MKZ& fl qu` sonaocogm qu` tlhms fms tmri`tms MKZ cuagolamrëma soa prljf`km `a `f MGZ! M su v`z `s oaglkpmtojf` gla `f GAZ h` Oat`f p`rl `a `st` gmsl slplrtm cuagola`s h` muhol& klh`k& r`h `tb`ra`t& r`h hlkïstogm BUAM y mýmh` slplrt` h` HWF y r`h`s oamfíkjrogms! @a kugbms pfmgms mgtumf`s `aglatrmkls glaiuatmk`at` sflt MKZ y GAZ l MGZ y GAZ gla fl qu` s` r`glrtm `f aùk`rl h` sflts UGO hosplaojf`s!
GLKUPGZLAOGW
8:
bttp9,,www!altogoms7h!glk,mrtogufls,:55=5>,p3vpm:,okmn`a`s,sflt\mgr!ipn
Zmaurms MGZ y UGO
bttp9,,okn!tlksbmrhwmr`!glk,us,:55=,52,52,hhr\clr\mkh,qho\=!ipn
Zmaurms UGO "jfmagl/& MGZ "kmrr÷a mf g`atrl/ y MNU "kmrr÷a/
GLKUPGZLAOGW
87
GLAXZLFMHLZ@W "OAX@ZCMY H@ XZMAWC@Z@AGOM H@ HMXLW/ UMZM PAOHMH@W H@ MFKMG@AMKO@AXL H@ HMXLW Fls hosplsotovls l uaohmh`s h` mfkmg`amko`atl h` hmtls sla glkpla`at`s qu` f``a l `sgroj`a hmtls `a k`hols l slplrt`s h` mfkmg`amko`atl& y iuatls glaclrkma fm k`klrom l mfkmg`amko`atl s`guahmrol h` fm glkputmhlrm! @stls hosplsotovls r`mfozma fms lp`rmgola`s h` f`gturm l `sgroturm h` fls k`hols l slplrt`s hlah` s` mfkmg`ama l numrhma& f÷nogm y cësogmk`at`& fls mrgbovls h` ua sost`km oaclrkítogl! Xlhm fm oaclrkmgo÷a oaclrkmgo÷a `s hmtls! Woa `kjmrnl& al tlhls fls hmtls sla oaclrkmgo÷a!
Hosplsotovls h` Mfkmg`amko`atl h` Hmtls9 K`klroms9 ZMK "Zmahlk Mgg`ss K`klry/& ZLK "Z`mh Lafy K`klry/ y muxofomr`s! Hosplsotovls kmnaïtogls9 Goatm Kmnaïtogm& tmkjlr`s kmnaïtogls& hosgl hurl& hosqu`t h osqu`t`s! `s! Hosplsotovls ÷ptogls9 GH+Z& GH+Z^& HSH+ZLK& HSH+ZMK& UG gmrhs& Cfmsb gmrhs! Hosplsotovls `xtrmëjf`s9 K`klrom cfmsb& uaohmh`s h` Yop ! Oat`rcmz h` Xrmasc`r`agom h` Hmtls "Glatrlfmhlr`s/ `a fm Ufmgm Kmhr` pmrm uaohmh`s l hosplsotovls h` mfkmg`amko`atl h` hmtls9 CHG9 Cflppy Hosd Glatrlff`r ‖glatrlfmhlr h` hosqu`t`‛& `s ua gbop `sp`gomfozmhl y su gorguot`rëm mslgomhm qu` s` `agmrnm h` nlj`ramr fls prlg`sls h` f`gturm y `sgroturm h` uam uaohmh h` hosqu`t`! Umrm gla`gtmrs` gla fms uaohmh`s h` hosqu`t` kmylrotmromk`at` usma ua gla`gtlr kmgbl h` gmjf` pfmal h` 78 poa`s& gla uam ku`sgm nuëm!
GLKUPGZLAOGW
88
bttp9,,tmff`roaclrkmtogm!cof`s!wlrhpr`ss!glk,:5=5,57,homplsotovm3!ipn
Gla`gtlr CHG `a uam pfmgm
Gla`gtlr h` `a`rnëm "ozquo`rhm/ y `f gmjf` h` hmtls l cfmt "h`r`gbm/ h`f Cflppy Hosd
GLKUPGZLAOGW
80
OH@9 @f oat`rcmz MXM "h`f oanfïs Mhvmag`h X`gbalflny Mttmgbk`at + ‖Mgg`slrol
h`
X`galflnëm
Mvmazmhm‛/
l
UMXM&
lronoamfk`at` + ‖@f`gtr÷aogm
glalgohl glkl OH@ " Oat`nrmt`h H`vog` @f`gtrlaogs Oat`nrmhm h` Hosplsotovls‛/& `s ua `stíahmr h` oat`rcmz pmrm fm gla`xo÷a h` fls hosplsotovls h` mfkmg`amko`atl kmsovl h` hmtls "hosgls hurls/ y fms uaohmh`s ÷ptogms "GH ZLK& HSH/ qu` utofozm `f `stíahmr h`rovmhl h` MXM y `f `stíahmr MXMUO! Fls tïrkoals OH@ "Oat`nrmt`h H`vog` @f`gtrlaogs/& `abmag`h OH@ "@OH@/ y MXM "bly `a hëm UMXM/ s` bma usmhl glkl soa÷aokls ym qu` n`a`rmfk`at` `rma glkpmtojf`s `atr` së! Ulr ltrl fmhl& muaqu` bmstm `f :557 s` utofoz÷ `f tïrkoal MXM& gla fm oatrlhuggo÷a h`f W`romf MXM "WMXM/ s` f` mguý÷ `f r`tr÷aokl Umrmff`f MXM!
Gla`xo÷a h` fls hosplsotovls @a `f oat`rcmz MXM s` p`rkot` gla`gtmr hls hosplsotovls plr JPW! Umrm `ffl& h` fls hls hosplsotovls& ual to`a` qu` `stmr glkl `sgfmvl y `f ltrl glkl km`strl pmrm qu` fm glatrlfmhlrm glatrlfmhlrm s`pm m quï hosplsotovl `avomr fls hmtls y h` quï hosplsotovl r`gojorfls! @f lrh`a h` fls hosplsotovls s`rí km`strl& `sgfmvl! @s h`gor& `f km`strl s`rí `f prok`r hosplsotovl y `f `sgfmvl& `f s`nuahl! Fm glaconurmgo÷a s` r`mfozm k`homat` iukp`rs! Ulr fl tmatl& `f hosplsotovl s` pu`h` gla`gtmr glkl9 Glkl Km`strl ".Kmst`r./! Wo `s `f ùaogl hosplsotovl `a `f gmjf`& h`j` t`a`r `stm glaconurmgo÷a& muaqu` m v`g`s tmkjoïa cuagolam so `stí glkl `sgfmvl! Wo bmy ltrl hosplsotovl& `f ltrl h`j` `stmr glkl `sgfmvl! Glkl @sgfmvl ".Wfmv`./! Cuagolamrí glaiuatmk`at` gla `f km`strl! H`j` bmj`r ltrl hosplsotovl qu` s`m km`strl!
Glaconurmgo÷a h`f Iukp`r9 Fm glaconurmgo÷a h`f iukp`r `s h` votmf okplrtmagom ym qu` h`t`rkoam `f lrh`a `a `f qu` `f sost`km h`j` mgg`h`r mgg`h`r mf hosplsotovl y plr tmatl& h` clrkm oahor`gtm& h`sh` guíf h`j` `c`gtumrs` `f mrrmaqu` h`f sost`km!
GLKUPGZLAOGW
83
bttp9,,`s!wodop`hom!lrn,wodo,Oat`nrmt`h\Hrov`\@f`gtrlaogs
Gumhrl Oaclrkmtovl h` ua OH@ l UMXM
GLKUPGZLAOGW
8>
bttps9,,www!mutl`sgu`fma`rim!glk,bospm,pfmgmoh`!ipn
Sostm mkpfomhm h` fls OH@ = ` OH@ : `a uam Ufmgm Jms`
bttp9,,www!r`ypmstlr!lrn,h`pmrtmk`atls,hoac,`amfmk,bmrh bttp9,,www!r`ypmstlr!lrn, h`pmrtmk`atls,hoac,`amfmk,bmrhwmr`,oastmfmgola`s,hosgls, wmr`,oastmfmgola`s,hosgls,hosgls,gmjf`\oh`:!pan hosgls,gmjf`\oh`:!pan
Gmjf` h` Hmtls "cfmt/ OH@ h` 85 `atrmhms l gla`gtlr`s
Gla`gtlr h` `a`rnëm OH@
GLKUPGZLAOGW
82
bttp9,,www!wodof`mraoan!glk,okmn`sgg,w87028\w\:8!ipn
Gla`xo÷a h`f gmjf` h` hmtls "cfmt/ m fm pfmgm y m ua f`gtlr h` GH ZLK
bttp9,,www!wmsboantla!`hu,fst,b`fp,glkputoan\cuahmk`atmfs,trlujf`sblltoanlsx,okn,oh`!noc
OH@ l UMXM
GLKUPGZLAOGW
8?
WMXM9 W`romf MXM W`romf Mhvmag`h X`gbalflny Mttmgbk`at ‖Mgg`slrol `a W`ro` h` X`galf lnëm Mvmazmhm‛& `s uam oat`rcmz h` trmasc`r`agom h` hmtls `atr` fm pfmgm jms` y mfnuals hosplsotovls h` mfkmg`amko`atl9 hosgls hurls& f`gtlr`s y r`nrmjmhlr`s h` GH,HSH,Jfu Zmy& WWH "Wlfoh+Wtmt` Hrov` l Paohmh`s h` @stmhl W÷fohl/ u ltrls hosplsotovls h` mftms pr`stmgola`s qu` `stía so`ahl tlhmvëm h`smrrlffmhls! W`romf MXM sustotuy` m fm trmhogolamf Umrmff`f MXM l U+MXM! WMXM prlplrgolam kmylr`s v`flgohmh`s& k`ilr mprlv`gbmko`atl gumahl bmy vmroms uaohmh`s& kmylr flanotuh h`f gmjf` h` trmaskoso÷a h` hmtls y gmpmgohmh pmrm gla`gtmr uaohmh`s mf oastmat`& `s h`gor& oas`rtmr `f hosplsotovl soa t`a`r qu` mpmnmr `f lrh`amhlr l qu` sucrm ua glrtlgorguotl! @a Alvo`kjr` h`f :55=& ua nrupl h` cmjrogmat`s h` bmrhwmr`& `atr` fls qu` s` `aglatrmjma Oat`f& H`ff& Kmxtlr& MUX X`gbalflno`s y W`mnmt`& gr`mrla `f W`romf MXM MXM ^lrdoan ^lrdoan Nrlup pmrm bmg`r cr`at` m fms a`g`sohmh`s h` fm pr÷xokm n`a`rmgo÷a h` oat`rcmg`s! Ulst`rolrk`at`& `a `f :558& gmkjomrla `f alkjr` plr `f h` W`romf MXM Oat`ramt O at`ramtolamf olamf Lrnmaozmtola "WMXM+OL/! Ulr `stms c`gbms& trms fms k`ilrms h` fm `sp`gocogmgo÷a MXM+> "3!=/& gla fm qu` s` bmjëma glas`nuohl trmasc`r`agoms h` =77 KJ,s& `f klh`fl trmhogolamf h` oat`rcmz UMXM "*Umrmff`f MXM*/ `kp`zmjm m klstrmr sëatlkms h` mnltmko`atl& h`spuïs h` bmj`r pr`stmhl `cogo`at`s s`rvogols h`sh` su glag`pgo÷a oaogomf m k`homhls h` fls 25! Fm oh`m `atr` fls `sp`gomfostms `rm qu` bmjëm qu` kormr `a ltrm hor`ggo÷a! Umrmf`fmk`at`& fm t`galflnëm h` `afmg`s gla cojrm ÷ptogm ` oamfíkjrogm& bmjëma prlpogomhl nrmah`s mvmag`s `a `f gmkpl h` fms glkuaogmgola`s s`ro`! @a `st` mkjo`at`& fls `scu`rzls s` horono`rla m glas`nuor uam au`vm `sp`gocogmgo÷a h` mrquot`gturm s`ro` pmrm fm oat`rcmz MXM! Fm au`vm mrquot`gturm& glalgohm glkl W`romf MXM "WMXM/& mhlptm uam `strugturm h` gmpms! Fm gmpm h` ÷rh`a`s `s ua sùp`r glaiuatl h` fm mrquot`gturm MXM mat`rolr4 h` clrkm qu` fls au`vls hosplsotovls sla glkpmtojf`s gla fls prltlglfls MXM trmhogolamf`s& y sla plr tmatl glkpmtojf`s r`sp`gtl m fms mpfogmgola`s `xost`at`s! Woa `kjmrnl fm gmpm cësogm `s hostoatm& fl qu` r`pr`s`atm ua puatl h` rupturm `a `f s`atohl h` qu` fls au`vls hosplsotovls WMXM al sla glkpmtojf`s gla fls mat`rolr`s! Al ljstmat`& fm au`vm mrquot`gturm lcr`g` k`ilrms sucogo`at`s pmrm iustocogmr `f gmkjol!
GLKUPGZLAOGW
05
Fm oh`m `s qu` fls hosplsotovls MXM h` gumfquo`r topl "s`ro` l pmrmf`fl/ glkpmrtma ua iu`nl glkùa h` ÷rh`a`s& y lrnmaozmr fm gla`xo÷a h` `stls hosplsotovls `a uam `strugturm hlah` `xost`a hor`ggola`s& hlkoaols y hosplsotovls glagr`tls! Pam lrnmaozmgo÷a qu` r`gu`rhm vmnmk`at` fm h` Oat`ra`t `a fm qu` `stí oaspormhm "ua hlkoaol MXM glato`a` ua glatrlfmhlr blst WMXM y ua hosplsotovl/
S`flgohmh`s9 Fm prok`rm n`a`rmgo÷a `sp`gocogm `a trmasc`r`agoms h` =05 KJ plr s`nuahl& tmkjoïa glalgohm plr WMXM =05 KJ,s l W`romf MXM+=05! Mgtumfk`at` s` glk`rgomfozma hosplsotovls WMXM OO& m 755 KJ,s& tmkjoïa glalgohm glkl W`romf MXM+755 y fls WMXM OOO gla tmsms h` trmasc`r`agoms h` bmstm 355 KJ,s! Fms uaohmh`s qu` slplrtma fm v`flgohmh h` 7Nj,s sla glkpmtojf`s gla ua jus h` =&0 Nj,s! @a fm sonuo`at` tmjfm s` ku`strm `f gífgufl h` fm v`flgohmh r`mf h` WMXMO =&0 Nj,s& WMXMOO 7 Nj,s y WMXMOOO 3 Nj,s9
Xlplflnëm9 WMXM `s uam mrquot`gturm *puatl m puatl*! @s h`gor& fm gla`xo÷a `atr` pu`rtl y hosplsotovl `s hor`gtm& gmhm hosplsotovl s` gla`gtm hor`gtmk`at` m ua glatrlfmhlr WMXM& al glkl sug`hëm `a fls vo`ils UMXM qu` fms oat`rcmg`s s` s`nk`atmjma `a km`strms y `sgfmvms! WMXM @xt`ral "`WMXM/9 Cu` `stmahmrozmhl m k`homhls h` :558& gla h`coaogola`s h`coaogola`s `sp`gëcogms h` gmjf`s& gla`gtlr`s y r`quosotls h` fm s`ýmf pmrm uaohmh`s `WMXM `xt`rams! `WMXM s` gmrmgt`rozm plr9
S`flgohmh h` WMXM `a fls hosgls `xt`rals "s` bma k`hohl ==0 KJ,s gla ZMOH `xt`rals/ Woa glav`rso÷a h` prltlglfls h` UMXM,WMXM m PWJ,Cor`wor`& tlhms fms gmrmgt`rëstogms h`f hosgl `stía hosplaojf`s pmrm `f macotro÷a! Fm flanotuh h` gmjf` s` r`stroan` m : k`trls4 PWJ y Cor`wor` p`rkot`a kmylr`s hostmagoms! W` muk`at÷ fm t`aso÷a h` trmaskoso÷a këaokm y kíxokm m 055 kS ‗ 355 kS "h` 855 kS + 355 kS/ Slftmi` r`gojohl hoskoauohl m :85 kS + 355 kS "h` 7:0 kS + 355 kS/ Gmpmgohmh h` hosplsogo÷a h` fls hosgls `a ZMOH 5 y ZMOH
GLKUPGZLAOGW
0=
Mgtumfk`at`& fm kmylrëm h` fms pfmgms jms` bma `kp`zmhl m oagfuor gla`gtlr`s `WMXM& tmkjoïa `s plsojf` usmr mhmptmhlr`s h` jus l tmri`tms UG Gmrh y GmrhJus pmrm plrtítof`s qu` mùa al oat`nrma `f gla`gtlr!
bttp9,,upflmh!wodok`hom!lrn,wodop`hom,glkklas,?,?3,Wmtm\glatrlfmhlr\kuftopfogmhlr!noc
Nrícogl h` fm tlplflnëm WMXM9 blst ‗ kuftopfogmhlr + hosplsotovl!
GLKUPGZLAOGW
0:
bttp9,,`s!wodop`hom!lrn,wodo,W`romf\MXM
Gumhrl Oaclrkmtovl h` ua WMXM
bttp9,,www!hmtmgmp!glk!mr,gla`gtlr`s\smtm!ipn
Xopls h` Gla`gtlr`s WMXM y `WMXM
GLKUPGZLAOGW
07
bttp9,,okn!mfojmjm!glk,pbltl,73588=303,Wbo`fh`h\`WMXM\tl\WMXM\Gmjf`\W`romf\MXM\Xyp`\O\F\>Uoa!ipn
Gmjf` h` Hmtls WMXM y `WMXM
bttp9,,www!zmtlr!glk,Bmrhwmr`,Okmn`s\`sp,WMXM\gla`gtlr+C3!ipn
Gmjf` h` hmtls "ozquo`rhm/ y `f Gla`gtlr h` `a`rnëm "h`r`gbm/ WMXM
GLKUPGZLAOGW
08
bttp9,,:!jp!jflnsplt!glk,+kO@s@ZoJFc_,XSs]MF]0BYO, bttp9,,:!jp!jflnsplt!glk,+kO@s@ ZoJFc_,XSs]MF]0BYO,MMMMMMMMMM8,b7BHuiwdAtw,s=355, MMMMMMMMMM8,b7BHuiwdAtw,s=355,GLA@GXLZ@W!ipn GLA@GXLZ@W!ipn
Xopls h` gla`gtlr`s h` `a`rnëm
GLKUPGZLAOGW
00
UP@ZXLW L GLA@GXLZ@W ULWX@ZOLZ@W H@ FM UFMGM KMHZ@
bttp9,,:!jp!jflnsplt!glk,\gtirShXgccg,XL?2NyWgNKO, bttp9,,:!jp!jflnsplt!glk,\gtirShX gccg,XL?2NyWgNKO,MMMMMMMMMMK,wwOPPDJA5As,s MMMMMMMMMMK,wwOPPDJA5As,s=355,gla`xola`s!IUN =355,gla`xola`s!IUN
Uroagopmf`s pu`rtls l gla`gtlr`s plst`rolr`s h` fm Ufmgm Kmhr`
Bly `a hëm fms glkputmhlrms bma mvmazmhl jmstmat` h`sh` qu` s` oav`at÷ fm prok`rm& y gla `ffms bma mvmazmhl fls hosplsotovls h` mfkmg`amko`atl! H`johl mf mvmag` t`galf÷nogl s` gr`mrla pu`rtls qu` sorv`a pmrm r`gojor y `avomr hmtls h` fm glkputmhlrm m p`rocïrogls qu` `stïa gla`gtmhls m `ffm& `stls s` ffmkma pu`rtls h` glkuaogmgo÷a y mgtumfk`at` s` glalg` uam nrma nmkm h` `ffls!
Fls proagopmf`s Uu`rtls h` Glkuaogmgola`s sla9 UMZMF@FL "FUX/& W@ZOMF "GLK/& UW,:& PWJ& SNM& ZI+80& ZGM& y ltrls! FUX9 Foa` Uroat X`rkoamf *X`rkoamf h` Okpr`so÷a h` Fëa`ms‛! H`sonamgo÷a pmrm uam gla`xo÷a pmrmf`fm m uam okpr`slrm& `sgía`r u ltrl hosplsotovl pmrmf`fl! @f `stíahmr O@@@ =:28 "Wtmahmrh Wonamfoan K`tblh clr m Jo+hor`gtolamf Umrmff`f U`ropb`rmf Oat`rcmg` clr U`rslamf Glkput`rs , @stíahmr h`f Kïtlhl h` W`ýmfozmgo÷a pmrm uam Oat`rcmz Umrmf`fm Johor`ggolamf U`rocïrogm pmrm Glkputmhlrms U`rslamf`s/! X`÷rogmk`at` `f sost`km h` glkuaogmgo÷a `atr` fm okpr`slrm y `f lrh`amhlr `s kís l k`als sokpf`& muaqu` vmrëm s`nùa `f gla`gtlr! U`rl jísogmk`at` `f lrh`amhlr `avëm okpufsls m fm okpr`slrm y `stm r`splah` glaclrk` qu` pu`h` s`nuor `avomahl l al& `s fl qu` s` su`f` h`alkoamr uam r`spu`stm h` topl *Flw*& y so GLKUPGZLAOGW
03
al hm to`kpl m fm okpr`so÷a "prígtogmk`at` so`kpr` s`rí kís rípohl `f `avël qu` fm smfohm okpr`sm/ s` orí mfkmg`amahl `a `f jucc`r h` k`klrom h` fm okpr`slrm! @a `f gmsl h` qu` ïst` s` mnlt` y sonm r`gojo`ahl r`gojo`ahl hmtls& r`splah`rí r`splah`rí gla ua *jusy* y fm glfm h` okpr`so÷a h`f lrh`amhlr s` h`t`ahrí m fm `sp`rm h` r`gojor `f au`vl *Flw*! Fls pu`rtls h` okpr`so÷a s` glaconurma `a fm JOLW h`f lrh`amhlr y s` h`alkoama FUX "Foa` UroaX`r/ y bmy mfnuams `a qu` pu`h`a glaconurmrs` : y `a ltrms 8& fms hor`ggola`s vmrëma& y gmhm ual to`a` tr`s r`nostrls9 `f h` hmtls& `f h` `stmhl y `f h` glatrlf! Fls `stíahmr`s oaogomf`s& m pmrtor h` fm alrkmtovm oahogmhm& `rma fls WUU "Wtmahmrh Umrmff`f Ulrt/& qu` `s `f lronoamf& l mf k`als `f glkpmtojf`& gla fl qu` s` h`alkoa÷ h`sh` sus oaogols `f pu`rtl G`atrlaogs! Pal h` fls kltovls h` qu` okpr`slrms matonums al cuagola`a gla JOLW au`vms `s qu` plr h`c`gtl `st` v`anm h`sbmjofotmhl& gla fl qu` `a fm glaconurmgo÷a h`f FUX glrr`splaho`at` bmy qu` oahogmr qu` h`j` h` s`r glkpmtojf` gla `stls! @st` klhl mg`ptm bmstm ua kíxokl h` =05 dj plr s`nuahl! Pa sost`km kís klh`ral `s `f @UU "@xt`ah`h Umrmff`f Ulrt/ y cuagolam `a fls : s`atohls `atr` : p`rocïrogls& puho`ahl mkpfomrs` `f aùk`rl h` `ffls! @a `st` gmsl bmy qu` glaconurmr l hor`ggolamr fls qu` s` vma m utofozmr& fl qu` `a `f sost`km mat`rolr al `rm a`g`smrol! M `xg`pgo÷a h` `stl& pu`stl qu` utofozm fls tr`s koskls r`nostrls qu` `f WUU p`rkot` glkpmtojofohmh `atr` mkjls so msë s` h`goh`& p`rl `a gmkjol oaglrplrm 0 kís& qu` sla tlhls `ffls johor`ggolamf`s& `f h` hor`ggo÷a y 8 h` hmtls& auk`rmhls h` 5 m 7& y qu` `stía `a r`fmgo÷a gla `f aùk`rl h` jots! Fm v`flgohmh h` trmaskoso÷a pu`h` ff`nmr m s`r `a glahogola`s ÷ptokms bmstm : Kj,s! Pa mvmag` h`f @UU `s `f @GU "@abmag`h Gmpmjofoty Klh`/! Fms hoc`r`agoms kís okplrtmat`s `s qu` `st` p`rkot` uam glkpr`so÷a h` hmtls& muaqu` këaokm y sokpf`& y `s gmpmz h` utofozmr fls gmamf`s HKM "Hor`gt K`klry Mgg`s/! Glkl so`kpr`& so s` pu`h` utofozmr `st` klhl `s plsojf` glkpmtojofozmr gla gumfquo`rm h` fls hls mat`rolr`s!
GLKUPGZLAOGW
0>
bttp9,,www!glflr`hblk`!glk,pfmgm\jms`,pfmgm\jms`\88!IUN
Uu`rtl FUX l Umrmf`fl h` :0 poa`s
bttp9,,www!klalnrmcoms!glk,trmjmils77,pu`rtls+h`+glkuaogmgola,pu`rtls+h`+glkuaogmgola!sbtkf
Uu`rtls Umrmf`fls l FUX kmgbl y b`kjrm
bttp9,,d`w`jstmp!glkuc!glk,jfln,wp+glat`at,upflmhss,:5 bttp9,,d`w`jstmp!glkuc!glk, jfln,wp+glat`at,upflmhss,:5==,50,pu`rtlpmrmf`fl!IUN ==,50,pu`rtlpmrmf`fl!IUN
Xopls h` Z`nostrls h`f Uu`rtl Umrmf`fl l FUX
GLKUPGZLAOGW
02
bttp9,,`ftogus!glk,oknhogg,pu`rtl\fpt!IUN
Gmjf`s "b`kjrm y kmgbl/ y topls h` r`nostrls h`f Uu`rtl Umrmf`fl l FUX
GLK9 Fls pu`rtls s`romf`s s` oh`atocogma tëpogmk`at` h`atrl h`f GLK mkjo`at` h` cuagolamko`atl glkl pu`rtls h`f "glkuaogmgola`s/! Wla mhmptmhlr`s qu` s` utofozma pmrm `avomr y r`gojor oaclrkmgo÷a h` JOX `a JOX cu`rm h`f glkputmhlr m trmvïs h` ua ùaogl gmjf` y h` ua h`t`rkoamhl slctwmr` h` glkuaogmgo÷a! Pa lrh`amhlr l glkputmhlrm `a s`ro` `s fm qu` pls`` uam uaohmh mrotkïtogm s`agoffm `a fm gumf fm sukm `a s`ro` `s ua gífgufl honotl m honotl! Gmrmgt`rëstogms9 Fls pu`rtls s`romf`s s` oh`atocogma tëpogmk`at` h`atrl h`f mkjo`at` h` cuagolamko`atl glkl pu`rtls h`f GLK "glkuaogmgola`s/! Ulr `i`kpfl& ua rmt÷a puhl s`r gla`gtmhl gla GLK= y ua k÷h`k m GLK:!
Fls vlftmi`s `avomhls plr fls poa`s pu`h`a s`r `a : `stmhls& `ag`ahohl l mpmnmhl! @ag`ahohl "vmflr joamrol h` =/ sonaocogm qu` `f poa `stí trmaskoto`ahl uam s`ýmf `atr` +7 y +:0 vlftols& ko`atrms qu` mpmnmhl "vmflr joamrol h` 5/ quo`r` h`gor qu` `stí trmaskoto`ahl uam s`ýmf `atr` $7 y $:0 vlftols!
@stls gla`gtlr`s sla h` topl kmgbl y fls bmy h` : tmkmýls9 h` ? poa`s mnrupmhls `a hls bof`rms gla uam flanotuh mprlxokmhm h` => kk y ltrl magbl h` :0 poa`s& gla uam flanotuh h` uals 72 kk& oat`ramk`at` sla onumf`s y r`mfozma fms koskms cuagola`s! Ulr
GLKUPGZLAOGW
0?
`i`kpfl& ua rmt÷a puhl s`r gla`gtmhl gla GLK= "? poa`s/ y ua k÷h`k `a GLK: ":0 poa`s/! @stls pu`rtls s` utofozma pmrm gla`gtmr `f Klus` y `f KLH@K
bttp9,,www!glflr`hblk`!glk,pfmgm\jms`,pfmgm\jms`\88!IUN
Uu`rtls W`romf l GLK `a fm pfmgm
bttp9,,www!klalnrmcoms!glk,trmjmils77,pu`rtls+h`+glkuaogmgola,pu`rtls+h`+glkuaogmgola!sbtkf
Gmjf`s h` fls Uu`rtls W`romf`s l GLK
bttp9,,www!glflr`hblk`!glk,pfmgm\jms`,pfmgm\jms`\88!IUN
@strugturm h` fms W`ýmf`s `avomhms plr fls poa`s h` ua Uu`rtl W`romf l GLK
GLKUPGZLAOGW
35
bttp9,,www!klalnrmcoms!glk,trmjmils=>,gla`gtlr`s,gla`gtlr`s!sbtkf
Msonamgola`s h` pmtms `a `f gla`gtlr HJ+?
UW,:9 @f gla`gtlr UW,: l pu`rtl UW,: tlkm su alkjr` h` fm s`ro` h` lrh`amhlr`s OJK U`rslamf Wyst`k,: qu` `s gr`mhm plr OJK `a =?2> y `kpf`mhm pmrm gla`gtmr t`gfmhls y rmtla`s! Kugbls h` fls mh`fmatls pr`s`atmhls cu`rla oak`homtmk`at` mhlptmhls plr `f k`rgmhl h`f UG& so`ahl `st` gla`gtlr ual h` fls prok`rls! Fm glkuaogmgo÷a `a mkjls gmsls `s s`romf "johor`ggolamf `a `f gmsl h`f t`gfmhl/& y glatrlfmhm plr kogrlglatrlfmhlr`s sotumhls `a fm pfmgm kmhr`! Al bma sohl hos`ýmhls pmrm s`r oat`rgmkjomhls `a gmfo`at`& y `f b`gbl h` qu` mf bmg`rfl al su`fm lgurror amhm `s kís h`johl m qu` fls kogrlglatrlfmhlr`s klh`rals sla kugbl kís r`sost`at`s m glrtlgorguotls `a sus fëa`ms h` `atrmhm,smfohm! Muaqu` ohïatogl `fïgtrogmk`at` mf gla`gtlr h` t`gfmhl MX HOA 0 "gla ua s`agoffl mhmptmhlr pu`h` usmrs` ual `a ltrl/& plr su p`qu`ýl tmkmýl p`rkot` qu` `a hlah` mat`s s÷fl `atrmjm `f gla`gtlr h` t`gfmhl fl bmnma mblrm `f h` t`gfmhl y rmt÷a& foj`rmahl mh`kís `f pu`rtl ZW+:7: usmhl `atlag`s kmylrotmromk`at` pmrm fls rmtla`s& y qu` pr`s`atmjm `f oaglav`ao`at` h` glkpmrtor GLKUPGZLAOGW
3=
oat`rrupgola`s gla ltrl pu`rtl s`romf "fl qu` okplsojofotmjm `f gla`gtmr ua rmt÷a mf GLK= y ua k÷h`k mf GLK7& pu`s gmhm v`z qu` s` klvëm `f rmt÷a glrtmjm mf k÷h`k fm ffmkmhm/! M su v`z& fms oat`rcmg`s h` t`gfmhl y rmt÷a UW,:& muaqu` `fïgtrogmk`at` sokofmr`s& s` hoc`r`agoma `a qu` `a fm oat`rcmz h` t`gfmhl s` r`quo`r` `a mkjls fmhls ua glf`gtlr mjo`rtl pmrm p`rkotor fm glkuaogmgo÷a johor`ggolamf! Fls lrh`amhlr`s alrkmf`s h` sljr`k`sm al sla gmpmg`s h` oh`atocogmr mf t`gfmhl y rmt÷a so s` oat`rgmkjoma fms plsogola`s! @a gmkjol `a ua lrh`amhlr plrtítof l ua `quopl h` tmkmýl r`hugohl `s kuy cr`gu`at` v`r ua s÷fl gla`gtlr UW,: qu` mnrupm `a fls gla`gtlr`s sljrmat`s mkjms gla`xola`s y qu` k`homat` ua gmjf` `sp`gomf fms hovoh` `a fls gla`gtlr`s alrkmf`s! Ulr su pmrt` `f rmt÷a UW,: `s kuy hoc`r`at` `fïgtrogmk`at` h`f s`ro`& p`rl pu`h` usmrs` k`homat` mhmptmhlr`s `a ua pu`rtl s`ro`! @a fls `quopls h` kmrgm "H`ff& Glkpmq& BU!!!/ su okpf`k`atmgo÷a `s rípohm& ko`atrms qu` `a fls gf÷aogls 723& 823 y U`atouk& mf usmr gmims topl MX& so mpmr`g`a `s glkl gla`gtlr`s `a ual h` fls sflts! Fm mpmrogo÷a h`f `stíahmr MXR hm ua vu`fgl mf t`km! Mf s`r ohïatogls mkjls s` prlhug`a auk`rlsms glacusola`s y g÷honls h` glflr`s ` oglals vmromhls "qu` su`f`a n`a`rmr kís glacuso÷a `atr` usumrols h` hoc`r`at`s kmrgms/& bmstm qu` Kogrlslct pujfogm fms `sp`gocogmgola`s UG ??& qu` h`coa`a ua glflr `stíahmr volf`tm pmrm `f gla`gtlr h` t`gfmhl y ua glflr v`rh` pmrm `f h` rmt÷a& tmatl `a fls gla`gtlr`s h` pfmgm kmhr` glkl `a fls gmjf`s h` gmhm p`rocïrogl! @st` topl h` gla`xola`s s` bma utofozmhl `a kíquoams al+UG glkl fm H@G MfpbmWtmtola l fls Mglra ZosgUG , Mrgbok`h`s! @a fm mgtumfohmh& bma sohl r``kpfmzmhls plr fls hosplsotovls PWJ Ufun mah Ufmy `a su kmylrëm& bmgoïahlfls hocëgof`s h` `aglatrmr& ym qu` lcr`g`a kmylr v`flgohmh h` gla`xo÷a& lcr`g`r kùftopf`s plsojofohmh`s h` gla`xo÷a h` kís h` ua p`rocïrogl h` clrkm glkpmtojf`& al okplrtmahl `f sost`km lp`rmtovl& jo`a s`m ^oahlws& KmgLW l Foaux "@stl `s& kuftopfmtmclrkm/!
GLKUPGZLAOGW
3:
bttp9,,www!mf`nsm!glk!mr,Hoggolamrol,Okmn`a`s,ps:!ipn
Gla`gtlr`s UW,: pmrm t`gfmhl "volf`tm/ y klus` "v`rh`/
bttp9,,okn:=:!okmn`sbmgd!us,okn:=:,:57,ps:spfott`rbb7!ipn
Gla`gtlr`s UW,: pmrm t`gfmhl "klrmhl/ y klus` "v`rh`/
GLKUPGZLAOGW
37
bttp9,,`s!wodop`hom!lrn,wodo,UW,:\"pu`rtl/
Gla`gtlr UW,: pmrm t`gfmhl l klus`
GLKUPGZLAOGW
38
bttp9,,www!klalnrmcoms!glk,trmjmils77,pu`rtls+h`+glkuaogmgola,pu`rtls+h`+glkuaogmgola!sbtkf
Gumhrl glkpmrmtovl `atr` `f gla`gtlr HOA 0 y Koao HOA 3
PWJ9 Paov`rsmf W`romf Jus l ‖Jus Paov`rsmf `a W`ro`‛ l Glahugtlr Paov`rsmf `a W`ro` "GPW/ & mjr`vomhl glkùak`at` PWJ& `s ua pu`rtl qu` sorv` pmrm gla`gtmr p`rocïrogls m uam glkputmhlrm! Cu` gr`mhl `a =??3 plr so`t` `kpr`sms9 OJK& Oat`f& Alrtb`ra X`f`glk& Glkpmq& Kogrlslct& Honotmf @quopk`at Glrplrmtola y A@G4 h` `stm kma`rm s` cu` h`imahl mtrís fls matonuls pu`rtls `a pmrmf`fl "FUX/ y s`romf "GLK/ y s` muk`at÷ fm v`flgohmh h` trmjmil h` fls hosplsotovls m =: Kj,s `a prlk`hol bmstm 825 Kj,s `a fm mgtumfohmh! Fls `quopls h` ^oahlws s` mhmptmrla rípohmk`at` m `stm au`vm t`galflnëm& m fl qu` kís tmrh` s` sukmrla fls mpmrmtls Kmgoatlsb! Fm kmsocogmgo÷a h` fls pu`rtls PWJ `s gmhm hëm kmylr! Mh`kís h` fm k`ilrm `a fm v`flgohmh h` trmasc`r`agom y su gumfohmh pfun # pfmy& su gmpmgohmh h` gla`gtmr fls mpmrmtls `s kuy sokpf` y al r`quo`r` h` oat`rv`aor `a `f bmrhwmr` h` fls glkputmhlr`s! @f hos`ýl h`f PWJ t`aëm `a k`at` `fokoamr fm a`g`sohmh h` mhquoror tmri`tms s`pmrmhms pmrm pla`r `a fls pu`rtls jus OWM l UGO& y k`ilrmr fms gmpmgohmh`s pfun+mah+pfmy p`rkoto`ahl m `sls hosplsotovls s`r gla`gtmhls l h`sgla`gtmhls mf sost`km soa a`g`sohmh h` r`oaogomr! @f PWJ pu`h` gla`gtmr fls p`rocïrogls glkl rmtla`s& t`gfmhls& `sgía`r`s& gíkmrms honotmf`s& t`fïclals k÷vof`s& r`prlhugtlr`s kuftok`hom& okpr`slrms& hosgls hurls `xt`rals& tmri`tms h` slaohl& sost`kms h` mhquosogo÷a h` hmtls y glkpla`at`s h` r`h! Umrm hosplsotovls kuftok`hom glkl `sgía`r`s y gíkmrms honotmf`s& `f PWJ s` bm glav`rtohl `a `f kïtlhl `stíahmr h` gla`xo÷a! Umrm GLKUPGZLAOGW
30
okpr`slrms& `f PWJ bm gr`gohl tmatl `a plpufmrohmh qu` bm h`spfmzmhl m ua s`nuahl pfmal m fls pu`rtls pmrmf`fls plrqu` `f PWJ bmg` kugbl kís s`agoffl `f plh`r mnr`nmr kís h` uam okpr`slrm m uam glkputmhlrm p`rslamf! Mfnuals hosplsotovls r`quo`r`a uam plt`agom këaokm& msë qu` s` pu`h`a gla`gtmr vmrols soa a`g`sotmr cu`at`s h` mfok`atmgo÷a `xtrm! @f PWJ gmso bm r``kpfmzmhl glkpf`tmk`at` m fls t`gfmhls y rmtla`s UW,:& bmstm `f puatl h` qu` ua mkpfol aùk`rl h` pfmgms jms` klh`rams gmr`g`a h` hogbl pu`rtl l slfmk`at` gu`atma gla ual vífohl pmrm fls hls p`rocïrogls! @f prok`r lrh`amhlr qu` oagfuy÷ ua pu`rtl PWJ h` clrkm `stíahmr cu` `f oKmg h` Mppf`& pr`s`atmhl `a Kmrzl h` =??2& qu` utofozmjm `stm gla`xo÷a gla`xo÷a pmrm `f t`gfmhl t`gfmhl y `f rmt÷a! rmt÷a! Ulr su pmrt` `f kuahl h`f h`f UG slfl glk`az÷ m utofozmrfl gumahl Kogrlslct oatrlhuil fls glatrlfmhlr`s glrr`splaho`at`s `a fm v`rso÷a LWZ :!= h` ^oahlws ?0! Cu` m pmrtor h` ^oahlws ?0G gumahl fls sost`kms h` KW oaglrplrma h` clrkm `stíahmr slplrt` pmrm `st` jus! @a `f íkjotl h` s`rvohlr`s fm oaglrplrmgo÷a s` prlhuil `a ^oahlws :555!
@stíahmr`s PWJ9 Fls hosplsotovls PWJ s` gfmsocogma `a gumtrl topls s`nùa su v`flgohmh h` trmasc`r`agom h` hmtls9 h mtls9
Jmim v`flgohmh "flw sp``h/ "PWJ =!5/9 Xmsm h` trmasc`r`agom h` bmstm =&0 Kjps "=?: DJ,s/ l sokpf`k`at` kís h`p`aho`ahl fm sujv`rso÷a! Ptofozmhl `a su kmylr pmrt` plr hosplsotovls h` oat`rcmz bukmam "Bukma oat`rcmg` h`vog`&/ glkl fls t`gfmhls& fls rmtla`s& blrals kogrllahms y mrtëgufls h`f blnmr! S`flgohmh glkpf`tm "PWJ =!=/9 Xmsm h` trmasc`r`agom h` bmstm =: Kjps "=.0 KJ,s/& s`nùa `st` `stíahmr p`rl s` hog` `a cu`at`s oah`p`aho`at`s qu` bmjrëm qu` r`mfozmr au`vmk`at` fms k`hogola`s! Ïstm cu` fm kís rípohm mat`s h` fm `sp`gocogmgo÷a PWJ :!5& y kugbls hosplsotovls cmjrogmhls `a fm mgtumfohmh trmjmima m `stm v`flgohmh! @stls hosplsotovls hovoh`a `f magbl h` jmahm h` fm gla`xo÷a PWJ `atr` `ffls& jmsmhls `a ua mfnlrotkl h` okp`hmagoms FOCL! Mftm v`flgohmh "PWJ :!5/9 Xmsm h` trmasc`r`agom h` bmstm 825 Kjps "35 KJ,s/ p`rl plr fl n`a`rmf h` bmstm =:0Kjps "=3KJ,s/! "=3KJ,s/! Fl usm ISG! Wùp`r mftm v`flgohmh "PWJ 7!5/9 Mgtumfk`at` s` `agu`atrm `a cms` `xp`rok`atmf y to`a` uam tmsm h` trmasc`r`agom h` bmstm 8!2 Njps "355 KJ,s/! @stm `sp`gocogmgo÷a s`rí ho`z v`g`s kís v`flz qu` fm mat`rolr :!5& h`johl m qu` bma oagfuohl 0 gla`gtlr`s `xtrm& h`s`gbmahl `f gla`gtlr h` cojrm ÷ptogm prlpu`stl oaogomfk`at`& y s`rí glkpmtojf` gla fls `stíahmr`s mat`rolr`s! W` `sp`rm qu` fls prlhugtls cmjrogmhls gla `stm t`galflnëm ff`nu`a mf glasukohlr `atr` :55? y :5=0!
GLKUPGZLAOGW
33
Fms s`ýmf`s h`f PWJ s` trmaskot`a `a ua gmjf` h` pmr tr`azmhl gla okp`hmagom gmrmgt`rëstogm h` ?5 L ½ =0%& guyls bofls s` h`alkoama H$ y H+! @stls& glf`gtovmk`at`& utofozma s`ýmfozmgo÷a hoc`r`agomf `a cuff hùpf`x pmrm glkjmtor fls `c`gtls h`f ruohl `f`gtrlkmnaïtogl `a `afmg`s fmrnls! H$ y H+ su`f`a lp`rmr `a glaiuatl y al sla gla`xola`s sokpf`s! Fls aov`f`s h` trmaskoso÷a h` fm s`ýmf vmrëma h` 5 m 5.7 S pmrm jmils "g`rls/ y h` :.2 m 7.3 S pmrm mftls "uals/ `a fms v`rsola`s =!5 y =!=& y `a ½855 kS `a mftm v`flgohmh ":!5/! @a fms prok`rms v`rsola`s& fls mfmkjr`s h` fls gmjf`s al `stía gla`gtmhls m kmsm& p`rl `a `f klhl h` mftm v`flgohmh s` to`a` uam t`rkoamgo÷a h` 80 L m to`rrm l ua hoc`r`agomf h` ?5 L pmrm mglpfmr fm okp`hmagom okp`hmagom h`f gmjf`! @st` pu`rtl s÷fl mhkot` fm gla`xo÷a h` hosplsotovls h` jmil glasukl& `s h`gor& qu` t`anma ua glasukl kíxokl h` =55 kM plr gmhm pu`rtl4 soa `kjmrnl& `a gmsl h` qu` `stuvo`s` gla`gtmhl ua hosplsotovl qu` p`rkot` 8 pu`rtls plr gmhm smfohm PWJ "`xt`asola`s h` kíxokl 8 pu`rtls/& `atlag`s fm `a`rnëm h`f PWJ s` msonamrí `a uaohmh`s h` =55 kM bmstm ua kíxokl h` 055 kM plr pu`rtl! Fls gmjf`s h` hmtls sla ua pmr tr`azmhl pmrm r`hugor `f ruohl y fms oat`rc`r`agoms!
bttp9,,www!klalnrmcoms!glk,trmjmils>0,pu`rtls+usj+tlhls+s`atohls,pu`rtls+usj+tlhls+s`atohls:!sbtkf
Gmjf`s h` hmtls PWJ
bttp9,,www!klalnrmcoms!glk,trmjmils>0,pu`rtls+usj+tlhls+s`atohls,pu`rtls+usj+tlhls+s`atohls:!sbtkf
W`ýmf`s h` fls poa`s `a ua gla`gtlr PWJ
GLKUPGZLAOGW
3>
W` usma hls topls h` gla`gtlr`s& M y J! Mkjls sla plfmrozmhls "slfl pu`h`a oas`rtmrs` `a uam plsogo÷a/ y utofozma sost`kms h` pr`so÷a pmrm sui`tmrs`! sui`tmrs`! Fls h` topl M utofozma fm b`kjrm b`kjrm `a `f sost`km macotro÷a& y su`f`a usmrs` `a hosplsotovls `a fls qu` fm gla`xo÷a `s p`rkma`at` "plr `i`kpfl& rmtla`s y t`gfmhls/! Fls h` topl J utofozma fm b`kjrm `a `f hosplsotovl PWJ "cuago÷a/& y s` utofozma `a sost`kms k÷vof`s "plr `i`kpfl& gíkmrms cltlnrícogms l mftmvlg`s/! @a n`a`rmf plh`kls mcorkmr qu` fm b`kjrm h` fls gla`gtlr`s M `stía `a `f fmhl h`f blst "UG/ l h` fls glag`atrmhlr`s "bujs/& ko`atrms fms h` topl J `stía h`f fmhl h` fls p`rocïrogls!
bttp9,,www!klalnrmcoms!glk,trmjmils>0,pu`rtls+usj+tlhls+s`atohls,pu`rtls+usj+tlhls+s`atohls:!sbtkf
Sostms crlatmf "crlat/ y sup`rolr "tlp/ h` fls topls h` Gla`gtlr`s PWJ
bttp9,,www!oat`f!glk,supplrt,sp,kltb`rjlmrhs,h`sdtlp,sj,okn,usj!ipn
Xopls h` pu`rtls y gla`gtlr`s PWJ
GLKUPGZLAOGW
32
Fls pu`rtls h` glkuaogmgo÷a kmylrk`at` utofozmhls `a `f mkjo`at` h` fms r`h`s sla `f ZI+80 y `f ZI+==!
ZI+809 Z`nost`r`h Imgd l *Gfmvoim Z`nostrmhm*& `s uam oat`rcmz cësogm utofozmhm glkùak`at` `a fms r`h`s h` glkputmhlrms& qu` m su v`z `s pmrt` h`f g÷honl h` r`nufmgola`s r`nufmgola`s h` @stmhls Paohls! Gmrmgt`rëstogms9
@s utofozmhm glkùak`at` gla `stíahmr`s glkl @OM,XOM+032J& qu` h`coa` fm hosplsogo÷a h` fls poa`s! Umrm qu` tlhls fls gmjf`s cuagola`a `a gumfquo`r r`h& s` sonu` ua `stíahmr m fm blrm h` bmg`r fms gla`xola`s! @st` gla`gtlr s` utofozm `a fm kmylrëm h` fms tmri`tms h` `tb`ra`t "tmri`tms h` r`h/ y vm `a fls f ls `xtr`kls h` ua gmjf` PXU aov`f 0
Uls`` lgbl poa`s l gla`xola`s `fïgtrogms& qu` alrkmfk`at` s` usma glkl `xtr`kls h` gmjf`s h` pmr tr`azmhl!
bttp9,,www!alt`jlldgb`gd!lrn,upflmhs,pogs,masgbfuss8\53!ipn
Uu`rtl ZI+80 "h`r`gbm/ `a ua plrtítof
bttp9,,www!klalnrmcoms!glk,trmjmils77,pu`rtls+h`+glkuaogmgola,pu`rtls+h`+glkuaogmgola!sbtkf
Gla`gtlr`s ZI+80 "ozquo`rhm m fm UG l mf Buj/ y ZI+== "h`r`gbm m fm pmr`h/
GLKUPGZLAOGW
3?
ZI+==9 @s ua gla`gtlr utofozmhl plr fl n`a`rmf `a fls sost`kms t`f`c÷aogls y `s `f qu` s` utofozm pmrm gla`gtmr `f KLH@K m fm fëa`m t`f`c÷aogm h` kma`rm qu` fms glkputmhlrms pu`hma t`a`r mgg`sl m Oat`ra`t! @f ZI+== s` r`co`r` `xpr`smk`at` mf gla`gtlr h` k`hohms r`hugohms `f gumf `stí mf gmjf` t`f`c÷aogl y to`a` gumtrl glatmgtls "poa`s/ pmrm gumtrl bofls h` gmjf` t`f`c÷aogl muaqu` s` su`f`a usmr ùaogmk`at` hls! @a @spmým s` usm `a tlhm gla`xo÷a t`f`c÷aogm! @a Mf`kmaom& plr `f glatrmrol& usma ZI+80 glkl gla`gtlr`s t`f`c÷aogls!
bttp9,,www!alt`jlldgb`gd!lrn,upflmhs,pogs,masgbfuss8\53!ipn
Uu`rtl ZI+== "ozquo`rhm/ `a ua plrtítof
bttp9,,www!klalnrmcoms!glk,trmjmils77,pu`rtls+h`+glkuaogmgola,pu`rtls+h`+glkuaogmgola!sbtkf
Gla`gtlr`s ZI+==
GLKUPGZLAOGW
>5
bttp9,,:!jp!jflnsplt!glk,\bgSHZF@Mr=s,XW>Kg7_z: bttp9,,:!jp!jflnsplt!glk,\bgSHZ F@Mr=s,XW>Kg7_z:dO,MMMMMMMMMH_,n8DZjz^_h0l,s=3 dO,MMMMMMMMMH_,n8DZjz^_h0l,s=355,ri!ipn 55,ri!ipn
Gla`gtlr`s ZI+== "k÷h`k/ y ZI+80 "FMA/
SNM9 Soh`l Nrmpbogs Mrrmy ‖Mrr`nfl h` Nrícogls h` Soh`l l pmatmffms‛ pmrm UG "gla`gtlr SNM h` =0 gfmvoims qu` s` glk`rgomfoz÷ plr prok`rm v`z `a =?22 plr OJK4 m uam r`slfugo÷a 385 Þ 825! Pa gla`gtlr SNM glkl s` f` glalg` glkùak`at` "ltrls alkjr`s oagfuy`a gla`gtlr gla`gtlr ZNJBS& H+suj =0& suj koao koao H=0 y H=0/& h` tr`s bof`rms blrozlatmf`s h` =0 poa`s H@+=0 "`s h` clrkm r`gtmanufmr& gla ua r`gujroko`atl pfístogl pmrm mosfmr fms pmrt`s k`tífogms/! Bmy gumtrl v`rsola`s9 lronoamf& HHG:& `f kís matonul y k`als cf`xojf` H@+?& y ua Koao+SNM utofozmhls pmrm glkputmhlrms plrtítof`s! @f gla`gtlr glkùa h` =0 poa`s s` `agu`atrm `a fm kmylrëm h` fms tmri`tms nrícogms& klaotlr`s h` glkputmhlrms& y ltrls hosplsotovls& `s gmso uaov`rsmfk`at` ffmkmhl *BH+=0*! BH `s h` *mftm h`asohmh*& qu` fm hostoanu` h` fls gla`gtlr`s qu` to`a`a `f koskl cmgtlr h` clrkm& p`rl s÷fl `a : cofms h` poa`s! Woa `kjmrnl& `st` gla`gtlr `s m k`auhl `rr÷a`mk`at` h`alkoamhl HJ+=0 l BHJ+=0! Fls gla`gtlr`s SNM y su glrr`splaho`at` gmjf`mhl gmso so`kpr` sla utofozmhls `xgfusovmk`at` pmrm trmasplrtmr glkpla`at`s mamf÷nogls ZNJBS "rlil + v`rh` + mzuf + soagrlaozmgo÷a blrozlatmf + soagrlaozmgo÷a v`rtogmf/& iuatl gla s`ýmf`s h` vëh`l HHG: r`fli honotmf y hmtls! @a gmsl h` qu` `f tmkmýl s`m uam GLKUPGZLAOGW
>=
fokotmgo÷a "glkl plrtítof`s/ ua pu`rtl koao+SNM pu`h` conurmr `a lgmsola`s `a funmr h` fms h` tmkmýl glkpf`tl gla`gtlr SNM! Gla fm r`vlfugo÷a honotmf m pmrtor h`f :55? s` glko`azm m r`kpfmzmr `stls gla`gtlr`s SNM plr gla`gtlr`s BHKO qu` h`johl m sus gmrmgt`rëstogms mvmazmhms `a tmri`tms nrmcogms& pmatmffms y klaotlr`s mgtumf`s!
bttp9,,`s!wodop`hom!lrn,wodo,Soh`l\Nrmpbogs\Mrrmy
Oaclrkmgo÷a sljr` `f Gla`gtlr SNM
GLKUPGZLAOGW
>:
bttp9,,www!klalnrmcoms!glk,trmjmils77,pu`rtls+h`+glkuaogmgola,pu`rtls+h`+glkuaogmgola!sbtkf
Uu`rtl l gla`gtlr SNM "ozquo`rhm/ y gmjf` h` hmtls "h`r`gbm/
bttp9,,www!klalnrmcoms!glk,trmjmils=>,gla`gtlr`s,gla`gtlr`s!sbtkf
Msonamgola`s h` pmtms `a `f gla`gtlr H+=0 pmrm vëh`l
GLKUPGZLAOGW
>7
BHKO9 Bonb H`coaotola Kuftok`hom Oat`rcmg` ‖oat`rcmz kuftok`hom h` mftm h`coaogo÷a‛& `s uam alrkm h` muhol y vëh`l honotmf gocrmhl soa glkpr`so÷a mplymhm plr fm oahustrom pmrm qu` s`m `f sustotutl h`f `url gla`gtlr! BHKO prlv`` uam oat`rcmz `atr` gumfquo`r cu`at` h` muhol y vëh`l honotmf glkl plhrëm s`r ua soatlaozmhlr XHX& ua r`prlhugtlr h` Jfu`+rmy& ua Xmjf`t UG& ua lrh`amhlr "Kogrlslct ^oahlws& Foaux& Mppf` Kmg LW R& `tg!/ l ua r`g`ptlr M,S& y klaotlr h` muhol,vëh`l honotmf glkpmtojf`& glkl ua t`f`voslr honotmf "HXS/! BHKO p`rkot` `f usl h` vëh`l glkputmrozmhl& k`ilrmhl l h` mftm h`coaogo÷a& msë glkl muhol honotmf kuftogmamf `a ua ùaogl gmjf`! @s oah`p`aho`at` h` fls vmrols `stíahmr`s HXS glkl MXWG& HSJ "+X&+ W&+G/& qu` al sla kís qu` `agmpsufmgola`s h` hmtls h`f clrkmtl KU@N! Xrms s`r `avomhls m ua h`glhocogmhlr& s` ljto`a`a fls hmtls h` vëh`l soa glkprokor& puho`ahl s`r h` mftm h`coaogo÷a! @stls hmtls s` glhocogma `a clrkmtl XKHW pmrm s`r trmaskotohls honotmfk`at` plr k`hol h` BHKO! BHKO oagfuy` tmkjoïa 2 gmamf`s h` muhol honotmf soa glkpr`so÷a! M pmrtor h` fm v`rso÷a =!:& BHKO pu`h` utofozmr bmstm 2 gmamf`s h` muhol h` ua jot! @f muhol h` 75? jot `s `f usmhl `a fls Wùp`r muhol GH! @atr` fls gr`mhlr`s h` BHKO s` oagfuy`a fls cmjrogmat`s fëh`r`s h` `f`gtr÷aogm h` glasukl Botmgbo& Kmtsusbotm @f`gtrog Oahustromf "Umamslaog/& Ubofops& Wlay& Xblksla "ZGM/& Xlsbojm y Wofogla Okmn`! Honotmf Glat`at Urlt`gtola& FFG "uam sujsohomrom h` Oat`f/ prlv`` fm Bonb+jmah wohtb Honotmf Glat`at Urlt`gtola "BHGU/ +Urlt`ggo÷a matoglpom h` glat`aohl honotmf h` nrma magbl h` jmahm+ pmrm BHKO! BHKO to`a` tmkjoïa `f mplyl h` fms nrmah`s prlhugtlrms h` goa`9 Clx& Paov`rsmf& ^mra`r Jrls y Hosa`y4 lp`rmhlrms h` sost`kms9 Hor`gXS y @gblWtmr "Hosb A`twlrd/& msë glkl h` Gmjf` Fmjs! @f gla`gtlr `stíahmr h` BHKO topl M to`a` =? poa`s! W` bm h`coaohl tmkjoïa uam v`rso÷a h` kmylr r`slfugo÷a +topl J+& p`rl su usl mùa al s` bm n`a`rmfozmhl! @f topl J to`a` :? poa`s& p`rkoto`ahl ff`vmr ua gmamf h` vëh`l `xpmahohl pmrm pmatmffms h` mftm r`slfugo÷a! @st` ùftokl cu` hos`ýmhl pmrm r`slfugola`s kís mftms qu` fms h`f clrkmtl =525p& `s h`gor& kmylr tmkmýl h` okmn`a! @f BHKO topl M `s glkpmtojf` bmgom mtrís gla ua `afmg` sokpf` HSO& usmhl plr fls klaotlr`s h` lrh`amhlr y tmri`tms nrícogms klh`rams! @stl quo`r` h`gor qu` uam cu`at` HSO pu`h` gla`gtmrs` m ua klaotlr BHKO& l vog`v`rsm& plr k`hol h` ua mhmptmhlr l gmjf`
GLKUPGZLAOGW
>8
mh`gumhl& p`rl `f muhol y fms gmrmgt`rëstogms h` glatrlf r`kltl BHKO al `stmría hosplaojf`s! Mh`kís& soa `f usl h` BHGU& fm gmfohmh h` vëh`l y fm r`slfugo÷a plhrëma s`r h`nrmhmhms mrtocogomfk`at` plr fm cu`at` h` fm s`ýmf pmrm `votmr mf usumrol coamf v`r l& kmylrk`at`& glpomr glat`aohl prlt`nohl! @f BHKO topl J `s& h` clrkm sokofmr& glkpmtojf` bmgom mtrís gla ua `afmg` tromf HSO!
bttp9,,`s!wodop`hom!lrn,wodo,BHKO
Oaclrkmgo÷a sljr` `f gla`gtlr BHKO
GLKUPGZLAOGW
>0
@sp`gocogmgola`s tïgaogms9 Gmamf XKHW
Ff`vm muhol& vëh`l y hmtls muxofomr`s! Kïtlhl h` s`ýmfozmgo÷a9 h` mgu`rhl m fms `sp`gocogmgola`s HSO =!5& `afmg` sokpf` "BHKO topl M/ l `afmg` hljf` "BHKO topl J/! Cr`gu`agom h` pëx`f`s h` vëh`l9 h` :0 KBz m =30 KBz "topl M/ l m 775 KBz "topl J/! Clrkmtls h` vëh`l plr h`jmil h` :0KBz "`i!9 =7!0KBz pmrm `f 825o,AXWG/ sla trmaskotohls usmahl ua `squ`km h` r`p`togo÷a h` pëx`f`s! W` pu`h`a trmaskotor bmstm :8 jots plr pëx`f& oah`p`aho`at`k`at` h` fm cr`gu`agom! Glhocogmgo÷a h` fls pëx`f`s9 ZNJ 89898& _GjGr 89:9:& _GjGr 89898! Cr`gu`agoms h` ku`str`l h`f muhol9 7: dBz& 88&= dBz& 82 dBz& 22&: dBz& ?3dBz& =>3&8 dBz& =?: dBz! Gmamf`s h` muhol9 bmstm 2!
Gmamf G@G "Glasuk`r @f`gtrlaogs Glatrlf/ "lpgolamf/ Psm `f prltlglfl `stíahmr MS Foad
Psmhl pmrm cuagola`s h` glatrlf r`kltl! Jus s`ro` H` hljf` s`atohl `a gmjf` ùaogl! H`coaohl `a fm `sp`gocogmgo÷a BHKO =!5! Alkjr`s mft`ramtovls pmrm G@G sla Maya`t "Wmksuan/4 Mquls Foad "Wbmrp/4 JZMSOM Xb`mtr` Wyag "Wlay/4 Durl Foad "Uola``r/4 G@+Foad y Z`nzm Foad "Xlsbojm/4 ZOBH "Z`klt` Oat`rmgtov` lv`r BHKO/ "Ladyl/4 Wokpfoad "FN/4 BHMSO Glatrlf& @Y+Wyag& SO@ZM Foad "Umamslaog/4 @msyFoad "Ubofops/4 y A`tGlkkmah clr BHKO "Kotsujosbo/!= : 7 8 0 3 > 2 ? =5 == =:
Urlt`ggo÷a matoglpom
Fm gla`xo÷a BHKO `stí hos`ýmhm pmrm qu` al s` pu`hma r`mfozmr glpoms "p`rkotohms l al/ h`f glat`aohl h` muhol y vëh`l trmaskotohl& h` mgu`rhl gla fms `sp`gocogmgola`s BHGU =!=5! Umrm `ffl& tlhl cmjrogmat` h` `quopls gla BHKO h`j` slfogotmr mf glaslrgol ua g÷honl h` mutlrozmgo÷a& `f gumf& `a gmsl h` cmjrogmr `quopls qu` p`rkoto`rma fm glpom& f` s`rëm r`tormhl ` oagfuohl `a uam *fostm a`nrm* pmrm qu` `a mh`fmat` fls `quopls BHKO h` ltrls cmjrogmat`s al f`s trmaskotma glat`aohl h` muhol+vëh`l!
BHKO =!5 Ur`s`atmhl `a Hogo`kjr` h` :55:! Wu oat`rcmz cësogm `s ua gmjf` ùaogl h` gla`xo÷a honotmf muhol,vëh`l gla tmsm h` trmasc`r`agom kíxokm h` 8&? Njot,s! Wlplrt` bmstm =30 Kpëx`f`s,s `a klhl vëh`l "=525p 35Bz l PRNM/ y 2+gmamf`s,=?: dBz,:8+jot dBz,:8+jot muhol! GLKUPGZLAOGW
>3
BHKO =!: Ur`s`atmhl `a Mnlstl h` :550! Mýmhohl slplrt` pmrm La` Jot Muhol& usmhl `a Wup`r Muhol GH& bmstm 2 gmamf`s! Hosplaojofohmh BHKO Xopl M pmrm gla`gtlr`s gla`gtlr`s h` UG! Ltrms gmrmgt`rëstogm gmrmgt`rëstogms! s! BHKO =!7 Ur`s`atmhl `f :: h` iuaol h` :553! @a `stm v`rso÷a cu` oagr`k`atmhl `f magbl h` jmahm m 785 KBz& `quovmf`at`s m uam tmsm h` hmtls h` =5&: Njot,s! Cu` mýmhohl slplrt` pmrm Hlfjy Xru`BH y HXW+BH& qu` sla clrkmtls clrkmtls h` muhol h` jmims pïrhohms usmhls `a BH+HSH y Jfu+rmy Hosg! Hosplaojofohmh h` ua au`vl clrkmtl h` koaogla`gtlr pmrm voh`lgíkmrms! Fms v`rsola`s sup`rolr`s h` fm alrkm BHKO sla glkpf`tmk`at` glkpmtojf`s gla fms mat`rolr`s& muaqu` h` klk`atl al s` pu`h` mgtumfozmr m v`rsola`s sup`rolr`s h` fm alrkm BHKO& pu`s fms mgtumfozmgola`s mgtumf`s r`quo`r`a tmatl klhocogmgola`s bmrhwmr` glkl h` corkwmr`! H` klk`atl al h`kmsomhls `quopls r`quo`r`a h` BHKO =!7 pmrm cuagolamr p`rc`gtmk`at`& muaqu` ym `xost`a mfnuals tmf`s glkl fm Ufmystmtola 7 "fm prok`rm `a mgln`rs` mf BHKO =!7/& fm Rjlx 735 l mfnuals r`prlhugtlr`s r`prlhugtlr`s kuftok`hom! BHKO =!8 Wu oat`rcmz cësogm `s ua gmjf` plr `f qu` `s plsojf` `avomr vëh`l y muhol h` mftm h`coaogo÷a& mh`kís h` hmtls y vëh`l `a 7H! M pmrtor h` `stm alrkm& s` pmsm h` fm r`slfugo÷a h`alkoamhm CuffBH m RBH "`Rt`ah`h Bonb H`coaotola/ ym qu` `stm slplrtm voh`l h` bmstm 85?3 Þ :=35 pëx`f`s ":8 gumhrls plr s`nuahl/ l h` 7285 Þ :=35 m "75 gumhrls plr s`nuahl/! @xost`a tmkjoïa k`ilrms `a `f slplrt` `xt`ahohl h` glflr`s& gla okín`a`s `a glflr`s kís r`mf`s sljr` tlhl& mf gla`gtmr gíkmrms h` vëh`l! Wlplrtm tmkjoïa vëh`l h` mftm h`coaogo÷a `a klvoko`atl y p`rkot` kmat`a`r fm gmfohmh h` fm okmn`a m p`smr h` fms vojrmgola`s `a `f klaotlr l `f ruohl `fïgtrogl& fl gumf bmrëm plsojf` okpf`mmk`atmrfm mutlk÷vof`s y trmasplrt`s pùjfogls! @a gumatl m fm smfohm h` muhol& BHKO =!8 lcr`g` ua gmamf h` r`tlral h` muhol qu` bmrí a`g`smrols k`als gmjf`s pmrm t`a`r ua sost`km h` slaohl `avlfv`at` gla`gtmhl mf t`f`voslr!
GLKUPGZLAOGW
>>
Ltrm okplrtmat` alv`hmh h` `stm r`voso÷a h` fm alrkm `s qu` p`rkot` fm plsojofohmh h` `avomr y r`gojor hmtls m trmvïs h` uam gla`xo÷a @tb`ra`t oaglrplrmhm `a `f prlpol gmjf` gla v`flgohmh`s h` bmstm =55 Kjps& hmhl qu` mgtumfk`at`& `xost` uam t`ah`agom `atr` fls cmjrogmat`s h` t`f`voslr`s y `quopls r`prlhugtlr`s h` slaohl m oaglrplrmr fm gla`gtovohmh m Oat`ra`t glkl mfnl f÷nogl y msë sla mýmhohls pu`rtls @tb`ra`t l oagfusl pmrm ^oCo!
bttp9,,okn!xmtmdm!glk,:552,57,bhko+jugbs`!ipn
Uu`rtl l gla`gtlr "b`kjrm/ BHKO `a ua UG
bttp9,,www!gla`gtmfl!`s,wp+glat`at,upflmhs,:5=5,=:,bhko!noc
Glkl trmjmima fls Uoa`s h` ua gla`gtlr "kmgbl/ BHKO
GLKUPGZLAOGW
>2
bttp9,,www!jflnys!a`t,Ps`rCof`s,okmn`,t`galflnom,:5 bttp9,,www!jflnys!a`t,Ps `rCof`s,okmn`,t`galflnom,:55?,mgg`slrols,50, 5?,mgg`slrols,50,koao+bhko\tmjf`!ipn koao+bhko\tmjf`!ipn
@sp`gocogmgola`s h` fls topls h` gla`gtlr`s BHKO
bttp9,,www!r`pmrmgolafgh!glk,oaclrkmgola,okmn`a`s,bhko\gfop\okmn`55=!ipn
Gla`gtlr`s BHKO kmgbl "h`r`gbm/ y b`kjrm"ozquo`rhm/
WUHOC9 Wlay Uboffops Honotmf Oat`rcmg` Clrkmt ‖Clrkmtl h` Oat`rcmz Honotmf h` Wlay y Uboffops‛& `s uam smfohm pmrm pmrfmat`s y,l `quopls h` muhol! Fm smfohm WUHOC `s `f gmamf honotmf h` fls sost`kms h` slaohl `avlfv`at`! Glrr`splah` mf gmamf h` vlg`s y mf sujwllc`r "fls hls gmamf`s vma plr `f koskl imgd/! Wo tu sost`km `s 0!=& t`ahrís 0$=;3 mftmvlg`s `a tltmf& h` fls gumf`s& : h`fmat`rls& : trms`rls& `f sujwllc`r y `f g`atrmf "vlg`s/!`s uam gla`xo÷a pmrm s`ýmf`s h` muhol honotmf`s plr cojrm ÷ptogm! @s ua `stíahmr oat`ramgolamf glalgohl glkl *O@G+?02 topl OO*& qu` h`coa` tmatl fms `sp`gocogmgola`s h`f bmrhwmr` "gmrmgt`rëstogms h` fms gla`xola`s cësogms/ glkl `f prltlglfl h` trmasc`r`agom h` hmtls "glhocogmgo÷a h` =3 m :8 jots/! @f `stíahmr W,UHOC s` pu`h` GLKUPGZLAOGW
>?
glasoh`rmr fm v`rso÷a h` nmkm jmim h` fm oat`rcmz prlc`solamf M@W,@JP& m fm qu` s` f` mnr`nma mfnuams cuagola`s h` mblrrl h` `a`rnëm! W,UHOC s` utofozm pmrm mfkmg`amr slaohl honotmfk`at` `a k`hols tmf`s glkl HMX "Honotmf Muhol Xmp`/ l pmrm kmaopufmrfl gla hosplsotovls h` kmaopufmgo÷a h` muhol! Fm v`atmim proagopmf h` W,UHOC r`soh` `a su gmpmgohmh pmrm trmasc`ror slaohls `atr` hls hosplsotovls h` muhol honotmf`s soa utofozmr uam gla`xo÷a mamf÷nogm qu` r`hugorëm fm gmfohmh! Woa `kjmrnl& uam s`ýmf h` muhol W,UHOC glhocogmhm al sucr` mt`aumgo÷a ao hostlrso÷a y s` pu`h` trmasc`ror soa pïrhohms-
Gmrmgt`rëstogms9 W,UHOC s` utofozm pmrm glhocogmr hmtls h` slaohls `stïr`l l kuftogmamf "MG7& HXW& KU@N:& `tg!/ U`rkot` trmasc`ror s`ýmf`s h` slaohl honotmf h` ua hosplsotovl m ltrl soa t`a`r qu` glav`rtorfms prok`rl m s`ýmf`s h` clrkmtl maíflnl& fl gumf h`nrmhm fm gmfohmh h`f slaohl! @f `stíahmr W,UHOC mhkot` fls sonuo`at`s ëahog`s h` ku`str`l9
88&= Dbz! h` ua GH 82 Dbz! h` uam goatm HMX 7: Dbz! h` HWZ
Gla`gtlr`s9 @f `stíahmr W,UHOC p`rkot` fls sonuo`at`s kïtlhls h` gla`xo÷a9
Gmjf` msokïtrogl glmxomf gla uam r`sost`agom h` >0 Lbks y gla`gtlr`s ZGM! Fm hostmagom kíxokm r`glk`ahmhm pmrm `f gmjf`mhl `s h` quoag` k`trls! Gmjf` h` cojrm ÷ptogm "= kk h` cojrm pfístogm/ gla uam gla`xo÷a XLWFOAD "XLWbojm Foad plr Xlsbojm/! Fls hmtls s` trmasco`r`a gla `f koskl clrkmtl& p`rl gla s`ýmf`s h` fug`s vosojf`s `kotohms plr ua F@H "holhl `koslr h` fuz/ rlil! X`ao`ahl `a gu`atm `f h`t`rolrl h` fm s`ýmf ÷ptogm& `f gmjf` ÷ptogl al h`j` `xg`h`r fls =5 k h` fmrnl! Gmjf` h` cojrm ÷ptogm gla ua koao+imgd "l koao gla`gtlr/ h` 7&0 kk! @f koao+ koao + imgd `s ohïatogl m ua `agbuc` alrkmf klal muhol "7&0 kk h` hoík`trl/& `xg`ptl qu` glato`a` `a fm puatm uam f`at` qu` f` p`rkot` trmaskotor hmtls m trmvïs h` ua gmjf` h` cojrm ÷ptogm!
@a fm prígtogm& fm kmylrëm h` fls hosplsotovls "glkl tmri`tms h` slaohl& r`prlhugtlr`s h` GH y HSH& mkpfocogmhlr`s 0!=& `tg!/ vo`a`a gla ua `agbuc` ZGM "GOAGB/!
GLKUPGZLAOGW
25
bttp9,,konu`fnmrgomjfln!cof`s!wlrhpr`ss!glk,:5=:,5?,sphoc=!noc
Gla`gtlr`s kmgbl y b`kjrm W,UHOC9 ZGM "sup`rolr/ y Xlsfoad "oac`rolr/
bttp9,,www!slflstlgds!glk,okn,gmjf`+tlsfoad+s+phoc+=+k+k+k+rgm+k+k+02:200?z5!ipn
Gmjf` h` cojrm ÷ptogm y glmxomf gla gla`gtlr`s tlsfoad s,phoc kmgbl y rgm "voh`l/ kmgbl `a mkjls `xtr`kls! @stls gmjf`s `stía hos`ýmhls pmrm sost`kms h` blk` tb`mt`r& r`g`ptlr`s hlfjy honotmf y hts surrluah& hvh& gh!
bttp9,,www!oat`f!glk,supplrt,sp,kltb`rjlmrhs, bttp9,,www!oat`f!glk,supplrt ,sp,kltb`rjlmrhs,h`sdtlp,sj,okn,sp h`sdtlp,sj,okn,sphoc!ipn hoc!ipn
Sostm h` fms smfohms WUHOC h` cojrm ÷ptogm "Xlsfoad/ y glmxomf "ZGM/ `a uam pfmgm kmhr`
GLKUPGZLAOGW
2=
K@KLZOMW ZMK Fm K`klrom h` Mgg`sl Mf`mtlrol "`a oanfïs9 Zmahlk+Mgg`ss K`klry/& s` utofozm glkl k`klrom h` trmjmil pmrm `f sost`km lp`rmtovl& fls prlnrmkms y fm kmylrëm h`f slctwmr`! @s mffë hlah` s` gmrnma tlhms fms oastruggola`s qu` `i`gutma `f prlg`smhlr y ltrms uaohmh`s h` g÷kputl! W` h`alkoama *h` mgg`sl mf`mtlrol* plrqu` s` pu`h` f``r l `sgrojor `a uam plsogo÷a h` k`klrom gla ua to`kpl h` `sp`rm onumf pmrm gumfquo`r plsogo÷a& al so`ahl a`g`smrol s`nuor ua lrh`a pmrm mgg`h`r m fm oaclrkmgo÷a h` fm kma`rm kís rípohm plsojf`! Hurmat` `f `ag`ahohl h`f glkputmhlr& fm rutoam ULWX v`rocogm qu` fls k÷hufls h` k`klrom ZMK `stïa gla`gtmhls h` kma`rm glrr`gtm! @a `f gmsl qu` al `xostma l al s` h`t`gt`a fls k÷hufls& fm kmylrëm h` tmri`tms kmhr`s `kot`a uam s`ro` h` potohls qu` oahogma fm mus`agom h` k`klrom proagopmf! X`rkoamhl `s` prlg`sl& fm k`klrom JOLW pu`h` r`mfozmr ua t`st jísogl sljr` fm k`klrom ZMK oahogmahl cmffls kmylr`s `a fm koskm!
Xopls h` k`klrom h` mgg`sl mf`mtlrol9 @a tïrkoals n`a`rmf`s& `xost`a hls nrmah`s gmt`nlrëms h` k`klrom h` mgg`sl mf`mtlrol9
Fms k`klroms HZMK "K÷hufl h` Mgg`sl Mf`mtlrol Hoaíkogl/& fms gumf`s sla k`als glstlsms! W` utofozma proagopmfk`at` pmrm fm k`klrom proagopmf h`f lrh`amhlr! Fms k`klroms WZMK "K÷hufl h` Mgg`sl Mf`mtlrol @stítogl/& rípohms p`rl r`fmtovmk`at` glstlsms! Fms k`klroms WZMK s` utofozma `a pmrtogufmr `a fm k`klrom gmgbï h`f prlg`smhlr!
Clrkmtls h` k÷hufls ZMK9 @xost`a hoc`r`at`s topls h` k`klrom h` mgg`sl mf`mtlrol! @stms s` pr`s`atma `a clrkm h` k÷hufls h` k`klrom qu` pu`h`a gla`gtmrs` m fm pfmgm kmhr`! Fms prok`rms k`klroms cu`rla gbops h`alkoamhls HOU "Umqu`t` `a Fëa`m Hljf`/! Bly `a hëm& fms k`klroms s` sukoaostrma `a clrkm h` k÷hufls& `s h`gor& tmri`tms qu` s` glflgma `a gla`gtlr`s h`sonamhls pmrm tmf coa! @a tïrkoals n`a`rmf`s& `xost`a tr`s topls h` k÷hufls ZMK9
K÷hufls `a clrkmtl WOKK "K÷hufl h` K`klrom `a Fëa`m Wokpf`/9 s` trmtm h` pfmgms h` gorguotl okpr`sms& gla ual h` sus fmhls `quopmhl gla gbops h` k`klrom! @xost`a hls topls h` k÷hufls WOKK& s`nùa `f aùk`rl h` gla`gtlr`s9 GLKUPGZLAOGW
2:
Fls k÷hufls WOKK gla 75 gla`gtlr`s "h` 2? x =7 kk/ sla k`klroms h` 2 jots qu` s` oastmfmjma `a fls UG h` prok`rm n`a`rmgo÷a ":23& 723/! Fls k÷hufls WOKK gla >: gla`gtlr`s "sus hok`asola`s sla =52 x :0 kk/ sla k`klroms gmpmg`s h` mfkmg`amr 7: jots h` oaclrkmgo÷a `a clrkm sokuftía`m! @stms k`klroms s` `agu`atrma `a fls UG qu` vma h`sh` `f 723 HR bmstm fls prok`rls U`atouks! @a `f gmsl h` `stls ùftokls& `f prlg`smhlr cuagolam gla ua jus h` oaclrkmgo÷a h` 38 jots& rmz÷a plr fm gumf& `stls lrh`amhlr`s a`g`sotma `stmr `quopmhls gla hls k÷hufls WOKK! Fls k÷hufls h` 75 gfmvoims al pu`h`a oastmfmrs` `a plsogola`s h` >: gla`gtlr`s& ym qu` fm ku`sgm "ujogmhm `a fm pmrt` g`atrmf h` fls gla`gtlr`s/ okplsojofotmrëm okplsojofotmrëm fm gla`xo÷a!
WOKK9 Woanf` Oa+foa` K`klry Klhuf` ‖K÷hufl h` K`klrom `a Fëa`m Wokpf`‛& `s ua clrkmtl pmrm k÷hufls h` k`klrom ZMK qu` glasost`a `a pfmgms h` gorguotl okpr`sl sljr` fms qu` s` klatma fls oat`nrmhls h` k`klrom HZMK! @stls k÷hufls s` oas`rtma `a z÷gmfls sljr` fm pfmgm jms`! Fls glatmgtls `a mkjms gmrms `stía oat`rgla`gtmhls& `stm `s fm kmylr hoc`r`agom r`sp`gtl h` sus sug`slr`s fls HOKKs! Cu`rla kuy plpufmr`s h`sh` proagopols h` fls 25 bmstm coamf`s h` fls ?5! Fm mpmrogo÷a h`f Oat`f 25823 trm` tmkjoïa `f pmsl mf au`vl clrkmtl h` =52 kk y >: poa`s! W` cmjrogmrla m gmpmgohmh`s h` = KJ& : KJ& 8 KJ& 2 KJ& =3 KJ& 7: KJ& 38 KJ& =:2 KJ "`stls ùftokls s÷fl usmhls `a s`rvohlr`s/!
K÷hufls `a clrkmtl HOKK "K÷hufl h` K`klrom `a Fëa`m Hljf`/& sla k`klroms h` 38 jots& fl gumf `xpfogm plr quï al a`g`sotma `kpmr`imko`atl! Fls k÷hufls HOKK pls``a gbops h` k`klrom `a mkjls fmhls h` fm pfmgm h` gorguotl okpr`sm& y pls``a m fm v`z& 28 gla`gtlr`s h` gmhm fmhl& fl gumf sukm ua tltmf h` =32 gfmvoims! Mh`kís h` s`r h` kmylr`s hok`asola`s qu` fls k÷hufls WOKK "=75 x :0 kk/& `stls k÷hufls pls``a uam s`nuahm ku`sgm qu` `votm glacusola`s! Gmj` ljs`rvmr qu` fls gla`gtlr`s HOKK bma sohl k`ilrmhls pmrm cmgofotmr su oas`rgo÷a& nrmgoms m fms pmfmagms ujogmhms m mkjls fmhls h` gmhm gla`gtlr! Xmkjoïa `xost`a k÷hufls kís p`qu`ýls& glalgohls glkl WL HOKK "HOKK h` glatlral p`qu`ýl/& hos`ýmhls pmrm lrh`amhlr`s plrtítof`s! Fls k÷hufls WL HOKK s÷fl gu`atma gla =88 gfmvoims `a `f gmsl h` fms k`klroms h` 38 jots& y gla >> gfmvoims `a `f gmsl h` fms k`klroms h` 7: jots!
GLKUPGZLAOGW
27
HOKK9 Humf Oa+foa` K`klry Klhuf` ‖K÷hufl h` K`klrom `a fëa`m hljf`‛& s la k÷hufls h` k`klrom ZMK utofozmhls `a lrh`amhlr`s p`rslamf`s! W` trmtm h` ua p`qu`ýl gorguotl okpr`sl qu` glato`a` gbops h` k`klrom y s` gla`gtm hor`gtmk`at` `a rmaurms h` fm pfmgm jms`! Fls k÷hufls HOKK sla r`glalgojf`s `xt`ramk`at` plr pls``r sus glatmgtls "l poa`s/ s`pmrmhls `a mkjls fmhls& m hoc`r`agom h` fls WOKK qu` pls``a fls glatmgtls h` klhl qu` fls h` ua fmhl `stía uaohls gla fls h`f ltrl! Pa HOKK pu`h` glkuaogmrs` gla `f UG m 38 jots"y mfnuals m >: jots/ `a v`z h` fls 7: jots h` fls WOKKs!
K÷hufls `a clrkmtl ZOKK "K÷hufl h` K`klrom `a Fëa`m Zmkjus& tmkjoïa glalgohl glkl ZH+ZMK l HZH+ZMK/ sla k`klroms h` 38 jots h`smrrlffmhms plr fm `kpr`sm Zmkjus! Uls``a =28 gfmvoims! Hogbls k÷hufls pls``a hls ku`sgms h` plsogo÷a& gla `f coa h` `votmr `f ro`snl h` glacuso÷a gla k÷hufls pr`vols! Hmhm fm mftm v`flgohmh h` trmasc`r`agom h` qu` hospla`a& fls k÷hufls ZOKK pls``a uam p`fëgufm tïrkogm guyl rlf `s `f k`ilrmr fm trmasc`r`agom h` gmflr! Mf onumf qu` gla fls k÷hufls HOKK& tmkjoïa `xost`a k÷hufls kís p`qu`ýls& glalgohls glkl WL ZOKK "ZOKK h` glatlral p`qu`ýl/& hos`ýmhls pmrm lrh`amhlr`s plrtítof`s! Fls k÷hufls WL ZOKK pls``a s÷fl =35 gfmvoims! ZOKK9 Zmkjus Oafoa` K`klry Klhuf` ‖K÷hufl h` K`klrom `a Fëa`m Zmkjus‛& h`sonam m fls k÷hufls h` k`klrom ZMK qu`
utofozma uam t`galflnëm h`alkoamhm ZHZMK& h`smrrlffmhm plr Zmkjus Oag! m k`homhls h` fls mýls =??5 gla `f coa h` oatrlhugor ua k÷hufl h` k`klrom gla aov`f`s h` r`ahoko`atl kuy sup`rolr`s m fls k÷hufls h` k`klrom WHZMK h` =55 KBz y =77 KBz hosplaojf`s `a mqu`ffls mýls! Fls k÷hufls ZOKK ZHZMK gu`atma gla =28 poa`s y h`johl m sus mftms cr`gu`agoms h` trmjmil r`quo`r`a h` hocuslr`s h` gmflr glasost`at`s `a uam pfmgm k`tífogm qu` r`gujr` fls gbops h`f k÷hufl! W` jmsma `a ua jus h` hmtls h` =3 jots y `stía hosplaojf`s `a v`flgohmh`s h` 755KBz "UG+355/& 703 Kbz "UG+ >55/& 855 KBz "UG+255/ y 077 Kbz "UG+=533/ qu` plr su pljr` jus h` =3 jots t`aëm ua r`ahoko`atl 8 v`g`s k`alr qu` fm HHZ! Fm ZOKK h` 077KBz to`a` ua r`ahoko`atl sokofmr mf h` ua k÷hufl HHZ=77& m p`smr h` qu` sus fmt`agoms sla =5 v`g`s p`lr`s qu` fm HHZ!
GLKUPGZLAOGW
28
Oaogomfk`at` fls k÷hufls ZOKK cu`rla oatrlhugohls pmrm su usl `a s`rvohlr`s jmsmhls `a Oat`f U`atouk 8! Zmkjus al kmaucmgturm k÷hufls ZOKK so al qu` to`a` ua sost`km h` fog`agoms pmrm qu` `stls s`ma kmaucmgturmhls plr t`rg`rls so`ahl Wmksuan `f proagopmf cmjrogmat` h` ïstls! M p`smr h` t`a`r fm t`galflnëm ZHZMK aov`f`s h` r`ahoko`atl kuy sup`rolr`s m fm t`galflnëm WHZMK y fms prok`rms n`a`rmgola`s h` HHZ ZMK& h`johl mf mftl glstl h` `stm t`galflnëm al tuvl nrma mg`ptmgo÷a `a `f k`rgmhl h` UG! Wu klk`atl ífnohl tuvl funmr hurmat` `f p`rolhl h` oatrlhuggo÷a h`f U`atouk 8 pmrm `f gumf s` hos`ýmrla fms prok`rms pfmgms jms`& p`rl Oat`f mat` fm a`g`sohmh h` fmazmr `quopls kís `gla÷kogls h`goho÷ fmazmr pfmgms jms` gla slplrt` pmrm WHZMK y kís mh`fmat` pmrm HHZ ZMK h`spfmzmahl `stm ùftokm t`galflnëm m fls k÷hufls ZOKK h`f k`rgmhl qu` ym al lcr`gëma aoanuam v`atmim!
X`galflnëms h` k`klrom9 Fm t`galflnëm h` k`klrom mgtumf usm uam s`ýmf h` soagrlaozmgo÷a pmrm r`mfozmr fms cuagola`s h` f`gturm+`sgroturm h` kma`rm qu` so`kpr` `stm soagrlaozmhm gla ua r`fli h`f jus h` k`klrom& m hoc`r`agom h` fms matonums k`klroms CUK y @HL qu` `rma msëagrlams! Bmg` kís h` uam hïgmhm tlhm fm oahustrom s` h`gmat÷ plr fms t`galflnëms sëagrlams& ym qu` p`rkot`a glastruor oat`nrmhls qu` cuagola`a m uam cr`gu`agom sup`rolr m 33 KBz "Mgtumfk`at` s` bma sup`rmhl fls =355 Kbz/! Xopls h` HOKKs HOKKs s`nùa su gmatohmh gmatohmh h` Glatmgtls Glatmgtls l Uoa`s9
>:+poa WL+HOKK "alt tb` smk` ms m >:+poa WOKK/& usmhls plr CUK HZMK y @HL HZMK =55+poa HOKK& usmhls plr proat`r WHZMK =88+poa WL+HOKK& usmhls plr WHZ WHZMK =32+poa HOKK& usmhls plr WHZ WHZMK "f`ss cr`qu`atfy clr CUK,@HL HZMK oa wlrdstmtolas,s`rv`rs/ wlrdstmtolas,s`rv`rs/ =>:+poa KogrlHOKK& usmhls plr HHZ WHZMK =28+poa HOKK& usmhls plr HHZ WHZMK :55+poa WL+HOKK& usmhls plr HHZ WHZMK y HHZ: WHZMK :58+poa WL+HOKK& usmhls plr HHZ7 WHZMK :85+poa HOKK& usmhls plr HHZ: WHZMK& HHZ7 WHZMK y CJ+HOKK HZMK :88+poa KoaoHOKK& usmhls plr HHZ: WHZMK
GLKUPGZLAOGW
20
WHZ WHZMK Wyagbrlalus Hyamkog Zmahlk Mgg`ss K`klry K`klrom sëagrlam& gla to`kpls h` mgg`sl h` `atr` :0 y =5 as y qu` s` pr`s`atma `a k÷hufls HOKK h` =32 glatmgtls! Cu` utofozmhm `a fls U`atouk OO y U`atouk OOO& msë glkl `a fls MKH D3& MKH Mtbfla D> y Hurla! @stí kuy `xt`ahohm fm gr``agom h` qu` s` ffmkm WHZMK m s`gms& y qu` fm h`alkoamgo÷a WHZ WHZMK `s pmrm hoc`r`agomrfm h` fm k`klrom HHZ& p`rl al `s msë& sokpf`k`at` s` `xt`aho÷ kuy rípohl fm h`alkoamgo÷a oaglrr`gtm! @f alkjr` glrr`gtl `s WHZ WHZMK ym qu` mkjms "tmatl fm WHZ glkl fm HHZ/ sla k`klroms sëagrlams hoaíkogms! Fls topls hosplaojf`s sla9 UG=559 WHZ WHZMK& cuagolam m ua kíx h` =55 KBz! UG=779 WHZ WHZMK& cuagolam m ua kíx h` =77 KBz!
HHZ WHZMK K`klrom sëagrlam& `avëm fls hmtls hls v`g`s plr gmhm gogfl h` r`fli! H` `st` klhl trmjmim mf hljf` h` v`flgohmh h`f jus h`f sost`km& soa a`g`sohmh h` muk`atmr fm cr`gu`agom h` r`fli! W` pr`s`atm `a k÷hufls HOKK h` =28 glatmgtls `a `f gmsl h` lrh`amhlr h` `sgrotlrol y `a k÷hufls h` =88 glatmgtls pmrm fls lrh`amhlr`s plrtítof`s! Fls topls hosplaojf`s sla9 UG:=55 l HHZ :339 cuagolam m ua kíx h` =77 KBz! UG:>55 l HHZ 7779 cuagolam m ua kíx h` =33 KBz! UG7:55 l HHZ 8559 cuagolam m ua kíx h` :55 KBz!
HHZ: WHZMK Hlujf` Hmtm Zmt` Fms k`klroms HHZ : sla uam k`ilrm h` fms k`klroms HHZ "Hlujf` Hmtm Zmt`/& qu` p`rkot`a qu` fls jùc`r`s h` `atrmhm,smfohm trmjmi`a mf hljf` h` fm cr`gu`agom h`f aùgf`l& p`rkoto`ahl qu` hurmat` gmhm gogfl h` r`fli s` r`mfog`a gumtrl trmasc`r`agoms! W` pr`s`atma `a k÷hufls HOKK h` :85 glatmgtls! Fls topls hosplaojf`s sla9 UG:+8:55 l HHZ:+0779 cuagolam m ua kíx h` 077 KBz! UG:+0755 l HHZ:+33>9 cuagolam m ua kíx h` 33> KBz! UG:+3855 l HHZ:+2559 cuagolam m ua kíx h` 255 KBz! UG:+2355 l HHZ:+=5339 cuagolam m ua kíx h` =533 KBz! UG:+?555 l HHZ:+=:559 cuagolam m ua kíx h` =:55 KBz
HHZ7 WHZMK Fms k`klroms HHZ 7 sla uam k`ilrm h` fms k`klroms HHZ :& prlplrgolama sonaocogmat`s k`ilrms `a `f r`ahoko`atl `a aov`f`s h` jmil vlftmi`& fl qu` ff`vm glasonl uam hoskoaugo÷a h`f nmstl nfljmf h` glasukl! Fls k÷hufls HOKK HHZ 7 to`a`a :85 poa`s& `f koskl aùk`rl qu` HHZ :4 soa `kjmrnl& fls HOKKs sla cësogmk`at` GLKUPGZLAOGW
23
oaglkpmtojf`s& h`johl m uam ujogmgo÷a hoc`r`at` h` fm ku`sgm! Fls topls hosplaojf`s sla9 UG7+2355 l HHZ7+=5339 cuagolam m ua kíx h` =533 KBz! UG7+=5355 l HHZ7+=7779 cuagolam m ua kíx h` =777 KBz! UG7+=:255 l HHZ7+=3559 cuagolam m ua kíx h` =355 KBz! Mgtumfk`at` s` `stí hos`ýmahl fm HHZ8 y s` pr`vï qu` `stmrí hosplaojf` `a :5=:!
ZHZMK "Zmkjus HZMK/ K`klrom h` nmkm mftm jmsmhm `a ua prltlglfl prlpo`tmrol gr`mhl plr fm `kpr`sm Zmkjus& fl gumf ljfonm m sus glkprmhlr`s m pmnmr r`nmfëms `a glag`ptl h` usl! @stl bm b`gbl qu` `f k`rgmhl s` h`gmat` plr fm t`galflnëm HHZ& fojr` h` pmt`at`s& `xg`ptl mfnuals s`rvohlr`s h` nrmah`s pr`stmgola`s "Grmy/ y fm glaslfm Ufmy Wtmtola 7! Fm ZHZMK s` pr`s`atm `a k÷hufls ZOKK h` =28 glatmgtls!
bttp9,,toplsh`glkputmhlrm!cof`s!wlrhpr`ss!glk,:5==,5:,homplsotovm=0!ipn
Hoc`r`at`s topls h` K`klrom ZMK
GLKUPGZLAOGW
2>
bttp9,,o=55?!pbltljugd`t!glk,mfjuks,mc:=0,klrvouxotl,KMKLZOMW@ROWX@AX@WUG!ipn
Hoc`r`at`s topls h` K`klrom ZMK
GLKUPGZLAOGW
22
bttp9,,8!jp!jflnsplt!glk,\R+`HDC]qZqM,X]tjD2J``^O, bttp9,,8!jp!jflnsplt!glk,\R+`HDC]qZq M,X]tjD2J``^O,MMMMMMMMMM_,o>P?ACHwm?g,s=355,cltls$ MMMMMMMMMM_,o>P?ACHwm?g,s=355,cltls$k`kklrom!pan k`kklrom!pan
Oh`atocogmgo÷a s`nùa fm ku`sgm h` fls topls K`klrom ZMK
GLKUPGZLAOGW
2?
^@JNZMCËM =! :! 7! 8! 0! 3! >! 2! ?! =5! ==! =:! =7! =8! =0! =3! =>! =2! =?! :5! :=! ::! :7! :8! :0! :3! :>! :2! :?! 75! 7=! 7:! 77! 78! 70! 73! 7>! 72! 7?!
bttp9,,`s!wodop`hom!lrn,wodo,Ufmgm\jms` bttp9,,`s!wodop`hom!lrn,wodo,Gorguotl\oat`nrmhl bttp9,,`s!wodop`hom!lrn,wodo,Jols bttp9,,`s!wodop`hom!lrn,wodo,Corkwmr` bttp9,,www!tmroanm!a`t,plsts,oacl,8>:55?=!Z,Jols!btkf bttp9,,`s!wodop`hom!lrn,wodo,Ufmgm\jms` bttp9,,`s!wodop`hom!lrn,wodo,@CO bttp9,,`s!wodop`hom!lrn,wodo,Gbops`t bttp9,,pg`xp`rtls!glk,:55?,==,qu`+`s+`f+gbops`t+h`+uam+ kltb`rjlmrh!btkf bttp9,,`s!wodop`hom!lrn,wodo,Gbops`t bttp9,,`s!wodop`hom!lrn,wodo,Uu`at`\alrt` bttp9,,t`gal+amahotux!jflnsplt!glk,:55?,58,alrtbjrohn`+pu`at`+ alrt`+ slutbjronh`!btkf bttp9,,`s!wodop`hom!lrn,wodo,Gorguotl\oat`nrmhl\muxofomr bttp9,,www!klalnrmcoms!glk,trmjmils7>,cmgtlr`s+h`+clrkm,cmgtlr`s+h`+ clrkm!sbtkf bttp9,,`s!wodop`hom!lrn,wodo,Jmjy+MX bttp9,,`s!wodop`hom!lrn,wodo,JXR bttp9,,`s!wodop`hom!lrn,wodo,Zmaurm\h`\`xpmasoúa bttp9,,`s!wodop`hom!lrn,wodo,Oahustry\Wtmahmrh\Mrgbot`gtur` bttp9,,`s!wodop`hom!lrn,wodo,UGO+R bttp9,,`s!wodop`hom!lrn,wodo,UGO+@xpr`ss bttp9,,`s!wodop`hom!lrn,wodo,Mgg`f`rmt`h\Nrmpbogs\Ulrt bttp9,,www!gmvso!glk,pr`nuatmsr`spu`stms,qu`+`s+mnp+prl, bttp9,,`s!dolsd`m!a`t,glat`ats,pg,mnp!pbp7 bttp9,,`s!wodop`hom!lrn,wodo,Muhol,klh`k\ros`r bttp9,,`s!wodop`hom!lrn,wodo,Glkkuaogmtola\mah\A`twlrdoan\Zos`r bttp9,,www!altogoms7h!glk,mrtogufl!msp05=78!btkf bttp9,,`s!wodop`hom!lrn,wodo,Chg bttp9,,`s!wodop`hom!lrn,wodo,Oat`nrmt`h\Hrov`\@f`gtrlaogs bttp9,,`s!wodop`hom!lrn,wodo,W`romf\MXM bttp9,,www!zmtlr!glk,Bmrhwmr`,B3\0!btk bttp9,,`ftogus!glk,hoggolamrol,FUX!btkf bttp9,,www!klalnrmcoms!glk,trmjmils77,pu`rtls+h`+ glkuaogmgola,pu`rtls+h`+glkuaogmgola!sbtkf `s!wodop`hom!lrn,wodo,UW,:\"pu`rtl/ bttp9,,www!klalnrmcoms!glk,trmjmils>0,pu`rtls+usj+tlhls+ s`atohls,pu`rtls+usj+tlhls+ s`atohls,pu`rtls+usj+tlhls+s`atohls!sbtkf s`atohls!sbtkf bttp9,,www!klalnrmcoms!glk,trmjmils77,pu`rtls+h`+ glkuaogmgola,pu`rtls+h`+glkuaogmgola!sbtkf bttp9,,`s!wodop`hom!lrn,wodo,Soh`l\Nrmpbogs\Mrrmy
GLKUPGZLAOGW
?5
85! 8=! 8:! 87! 88! 80! 83! 8>! 82!
bttp9,,`s!wodop`hom!lrn,wodo,BHKO bttp9,,`s!wodop`hom!lrn,wodo,Urltlglfl\W,UHOC bttp9,,`s!dolsd`m!a`t,glat`ats,muhol,sphoc+s+phoc!pbp7 bttp9,,jma`ssm+jma`ssm!jflnsplt!glk,:5==\5?\5=\mrgbov`!btkf bttp9,,`s!dolsd`m!a`t,glat`ats,pg,rmk!pbp7 bttp9,,`s!wodop`hom!lrn,wodo,K`klrom\h`\mgg`sl\mf`mtlrol bttp9,,`s!wodop`hom!lrn,wodo,WOKK bttp9,,`s!wodop`hom!lrn,wodo,HOKK bttp9,,`s!wodop`hom!lrn,wodo,ZOKK
GLKUPGZLAOGW
